高一英语必修一Unit4Earthquakes知识点讲解和练习

Unit 4 Earthquakes重点单词和短语1. right/ straight away = at once 立刻；马上=right now=in no time=without delay=immediately2. burst (burst, burst) vi. 爆裂；爆发burst into 突然……起来burst into tears/ laughters/ flames 突然大哭/大笑/起火burst out crying/ laughing/ singing 突然哭起来/笑起来/唱起来n. 一阵a burst of laughter/ applause 一阵笑声/掌声a burst of anger 怒火的迸发as if/ though+clause虚拟情况从句时态与现在事实相反一般过去时与过去事实相反过去完成时4. at an end 结束；终结in the end 最后；终于（一般过去时）at the end (of sth.) 在结尾处；在（……）结束的时候(一般过去时)by the end of this month 在本月末（过去完成时）Nation n国家，民族national adj5. ruin n. 废墟；毁灭；遗迹be in ruins 成为一片废墟v. 毁灭；使破产/灭ruin one’s health 毁坏某人健康ruin one’s hope 使某人希望破灭extreme adj极度的extremely advInjure v损害，伤害injury n 受伤injured adj受伤的the injured 伤员6. destroy (destroyed, destroyed) vt. 破坏；毁坏；消灭destruction n. 破坏；毁坏7. track n. 轨道；足迹；痕迹keep track of 记录；掌握……的线索Useless adj无用的useful adjIt is useless to do =It is useless doing=It is no use doing做。

必修一UNIT 4 Earthquakes 课堂知识点及练习教师用一.句式仿写①Because of the tight schedule，he was once too tired to continue his work.(continue)由于日程紧张，他一度因过度疲劳而不能继续工作。

②It seems as if there will be a heavy rain soon.(there)看来好像很快就要有一场大雨。

③Why did you leave the guests standing there？(stand)你为什么让客人站在那儿？④ Not all students are suitable for the learning method.(all)并不是所有学生都适合这种学习方法。

二. 语法自测——现在进行时的被动语态1.The paint on the statues is_being_cleared away and they will be restored to their former glory.(clear)雕像上的油漆正在被清除，它们即将恢复昔日的风采。

2.It is terribly noisy here as the new machines in the nearby plant_are_being_tested.(test)这里噪音太大，因为旁边工厂里的新机器正在接受检测。

3.A lot of attention is_being_paid_to_greenhouse gas emission.Look at those posters for environmental protection.(pay)温室气体的排放得到了很多关注。

看那些关于环境保护的海报。

4.You can't use the machine today because some parts are_being_replaced.(replace)你今天不能使用这台机器，因为一些零件正在被更换。

Unit 4Earthquakes知识点讲解一：重点单词1. burst vi. & vt. (burst, burst)（使某物）爆炸；胀破；爆破I’ve eaten so much I feel ready to burst.我吃得太多，肚子都要撑破了。

短语：（1）burst in/into (a room, etc. )突然进入（房间等）All of them burst into laughter/tears/song.他们全都突然笑起来/哭起来/唱起来。

The police burst in/into the room and arrested that gang.警察突然闯进房门逮捕了那帮人。

（2）burst out doing. . .突然开始做某事All of them burst out laughing/crying/singing.他们全都突然笑起来/哭起来/唱起来。

2. in ruins严重受损；破败不堪；成为废墟An earthquake left the whole town in ruins.地震过后全城到处都是颓垣断壁。

His career is/lies in ruins.他的事业已完全失败。

3. injure vt.伤害，损害，受伤She was badly injured in an accident during the work.她在一次工伤事故中受了重伤。

harm, hurt, injure & wound:a.harm用于指肉体或精神上的伤害均可，有时可指引起不安或不便，还可用于抽象事物，尤其是指不道德的事情；b.hurt为一般用语，既可指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上的伤害，还可用作不及物动词，意为“疼痛”；c.injure一般指由于意外或事故而受伤；d.wound指外伤（如枪伤、刀伤、剑伤等），尤指在战争、战斗中受伤。

The robber______________ him with a knife.A. harmedB. hurtC. injuredD. wounded 答案：D4. destroy vt. to break to pieces; to make useless; to put an end to摧毁；毁坏；破坏The fire destroyed all my books.这场大火毁了我的全部书籍。

Unit 4 Earthquakes 单元要点预览I词语辨析II词性改变Ⅲ重点词汇1. burst v.&n. 爆裂, 爆发, 突然裂开[典例]1).The red balloon suddenly burst. 那个红色的气球突然爆了。

2). The police burst through the door.警察破门而入。

3). On hearing the news, Leslie burst into laughter while Tracy burst out crying.一听到这则消息，Leslie突然大笑，而Tracy则突然大哭起来。

4). A burst of hand-clapping followed the ending of the song.歌声结束后响起了一阵掌声。

[重点用法]burst into laughter = burst out laughing 突然大笑burst into tears = burst out crying 突然大哭[练习] 中译英1). 水管在寒冷的天气里常常冻裂。

______________________________________________________________________2). 太阳突然从云端里露出来。

______________________________________________________________________2. rescue n.&vt. 援救，营救[典例]1). The police came to his rescue and pulled him out of the river.警察来救他，把他从河里拉了出来。

2). The rescue team made countless rescues during the earthquake.营救队在这次地震期间进行了多数次救援。

必修 I---unit 4I---IV Earthquakes一、知点1.Now imagine there has been a big earthquake.在，假有一次大地震。

“There +be + 主 +其余成分” 构中 there 引，自己无心，依据就近一致原。

其余相像句型有：There happen to be刚巧有There seems/appears to be仿佛有There is likely to be可能有There may/might be也有There must be 必定有There can ’t be不行能有There is said/reported to be据 / 据道有There used to be曾有There is sure/certain to be必定有2.happen to.It (so) happened that⋯Did you hear what happened to David last night?你听大昨天夜晚生什么事了 ?What will happen to the children if Peter and Alice break up?假如彼得和离婚孩子将怎么?I happened to see Peter on the way to the bookstore yesterday.昨天我去店的路上刚巧遇了彼得。

It so happened that I saw Peter on the way to the bookstore yesterday.昨天我去店的路上刚巧遇了彼得。

I happened to be out when he called.他来，恰好我出去了。

(= It happened that I was out when he called.)I happened on just the thing I had been looking for.我有时了我所要找的西。

Unit 4 Earthquakes一、课文考点精解1.In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat. too…to…“太…而不能…”The hat is too large to wear.It’s never too late to study.例题：He has been busy find time to answer the reader’s let ters.A so; toB so; thatC too; toD too; thatThe work calls for great care and patience. So you to do it.A can be too carefulB can’t be too carefulC can be too carelessD can’t be careful2. In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.Burst into tears=bust out crying突然大哭起来Burt into laughers=bust out laughing突然大笑起来Burst into the room 闯入房间The audience waited until the curtain rose and then laughter at the sight of the funny actor.A burst outB burst intoC broke intoD began with3.But the million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night.Think little of 对…评价不高；不看重The teacher thought little of your article.Think much/highly/well of 对…高度评价His film is sure to win the award because it by most people.A thinks well ofB is thought wellC is well thoughtD is thought well ofsoon.On New Year’s Eve New York City holds an outdoor which attracts a million ormore people.He shows great interest in international .4 It seemed as if the world was at an end!As if 相当于as though,常用在动词look, seem, feel等之后引导表语从句。

Unit 4 Earthquakes【重点词汇】1 ruinn．毁灭；毁坏；崩溃；(不可数名词)废墟；遗迹(常用复数vt．&vi．(使)毁坏；毁灭；成为废墟；使破产①The castle has fallen into rain．那城堡已破败不堪。

②An earthquake left the whole town in ruins．那次地震过后，全城到处是残垣断壁。

…③It poured with rain and my dress got/was mined．大雨倾盆，我的连衣裙已淋得不成样子了。

归纳拓展fall into ruin崩塌come/go to ruin毁灭，崩溃lie in ruins成为废墟the ruins of Yuanmingyuan圆明园遗迹bring sb.to ruin使某人破产ruin one‟s hopes使某人希望破灭ruin oneself自取灭亡ruin one‟s health/fame毁坏某人的健康/名誉辨析活用damage/destroy/ruin/spoil这四个词都有“损坏，破坏”之意，具体区别如下：(1)ruin指彻底摧毁一件事物，特别是摧毁美好、珍贵的事物，并使其无法修复，其主语多为天灾人祸等无形的力量。

有时可用于借喻中，泛指一般的“弄坏了”。

He has ruined his health through drinking.他饮酒过度，把身体搞坏了。

(2)damage指“损坏”，表示不彻底的破坏，一般是部分性的，只是使其不能发挥正常作用，意味损坏后价值或效率降低，宾语一般是物。

I damaged my shoes in football practice today.今天练习踢足球时我把鞋弄坏了。

(3)destroy指十分彻底的“破坏”，常含有不能或很难修复的意思，也可以用作比喻意义，指希望、梦想等的破灭；主语可以是人，也可以是物；后接人或物都可以。

必修1 Unit 4EarthquakesⅠ.词义搭配1．burst A．save from danger or harm2．ruin B．destruction(破坏)；extreme(极大的)damage3．shelter C．to put something under the ground，often in order to hide it4．disaster D．breaks open or apart suddenly5．even E．being safe from bad weather，danger，etc.6．rescue F．plan to catch someone7．trap G．something very bad happening8．bury H．a thing that happens【答案】1－8DBEGHAFCⅡ.短语填空right away，at an end，dig out，as usual，as if，in ruins，a (great)number of1．He didn't know how to come back home because his money was________________.2．Many buildings are ________________because of the big flood.3．Hurry up！It looks ________________it is going to rain.4．________________people are fond of music.5．On hearing the good news，he shared it with his parents________________.6．He was buried by an avalanche(雪崩)and had to ________________.【答案】 1.at an end 2.in ruins 3.as if 4.A (great) number of 5.right away 6.be dug outⅢ.句型背诵1．In the farmyard，the chickens and even the pigs were too_nervous_to_eat.农家大院里的鸡，甚至猪都因过于惶恐而不想进食。

高一英语必修一Unit4Earthquakes 知识点讲解和练习课堂讲解一、知识讲授1、In the city,the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst .（1）爆裂, 爆发, 突然破裂The red balloon suddenly burst. 那个红色的气球突然爆了。

(2)猛冲；突然出现He burst into the room without knocking.【拓展】burst into laughter = burst out laughing 突然大笑 burst into tears = burst out crying 突然大哭2、It seemed as if the world was at an end!【短语归纳】与end 搭配的常用短语：come to an end vi.结束（用作谓语） bring/put sth.to an end vt.结束；制止 at the end of 在…尽头（末）（指时间或空间） by the end of 到…末为止（现在完成时连用） by the end of last...（与过去完成时连用） by the end of next...（用于将来完成时）in the end 最后，终于（作状语）on end 连续to the end 到底without end 没完没了的【随堂练习】用at the end of, by the end of 和 in the end 填空。

（1）How many English words have you learned ____________ last term?（2）He became an outstanding doctor ___________.（3）My uncle will fly to China _________ this year.4.、In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.（1）n. 残垣断壁；废墟（名词时常用复数）The city lay in ruins after years of bombing.（2）v. 毁灭；使破产The hurricane ruined all the houses here.【拓展】be in ruins 呈一片废墟 fall into ruin 变成废墟 come to ruin 毁灭，落空ruin oneself 自我毁灭 bring sb. to ruin 使毁灭5、Two -thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.【辨析】injury ，hurt ，harm 与wound6、Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.(1) n.援救，营救The police came to his rescue and pulled him out of the river.（2）v. 救援；拯救He rescued a boy from drowning.【拓展】rescue sb./ sth. from sb./ sp. 把···从···营救出来come to/ go to sb’s rescue = rescue sb. 援救某人 a rescue team 救援队a rescue mission 救援任务rescue workers 救援人员【随堂练习】用rescue的适当形式填空（1）The mother, along with her two children, _________from the sinking boat by a passing ship.（2）The firemen ________ five children from the burning house yesterday.7、…that hot water give out .（1）分发；发出Students were giving out leaflets to everyone in the street.The red radiator gives out a lot of heat.（2）用尽My money will give out soon.【归纳总结】give out分发；发出；用尽give sth.away赠送；颁发；泄露give back归还；恢复give in呈上；投降，屈服，认输give off发出，放出give over停止，中止give up放弃give on to/onto sth.朝向，面向；通向8、Your speech was heard by a group of five jueges,all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.(1) n.裁判员；法官；审判员His father used to be a judge. 他的父亲过去是一名法官。

课本单元讲解：必修一Unit4EarthquakesⅠ. 常考单词必背1. burst vi. (burst，burst) 爆裂；爆发n. 突然破裂；爆发She burst into tears on hearing the sad news.一听到这一不幸消息，她突然哭了起来。

Upon his appearance，there was a burst of applause.他一出现就爆发了一阵掌声。

[快速闪记](1)burst in打断；闯入；突然出现burst into...突然开始；闯入……burst into laughter/tears ＝burst out laughing/crying突然大笑/哭起来(2)a burst of一阵……2. injure vt. 损害；伤害Most of the injured were women and children.大多数伤员都是妇女和儿童。

[快速闪记](1)injured adj.受伤的the injured伤员(2)injury n．伤；伤口；伤害3. shock vt.& vi.(使)震惊；震动n. 休克；打击；震惊I was shocked to hear that he had resigned.听到他辞职的消息我感到很震惊。

The news of my promotion came as a shock.我获晋升的消息着实让我一惊。

[快速闪记](1)be shocked by/at...对……感到震惊be shocked to do...因做……而震惊(2)a shock一件令人震惊的事 (抽象名词具体化用法)(3)shocked adj.感到震惊的shocking adj.令人震惊的4. rescue n．& vt.援救；营救All the people nearby came to her rescue when hearing her cry for help.周围的人们听到她的呼救声都来营救她。