高级英语第二册词汇复习

Unit11.Her refined way of speaking and her good manners suggested her gentility.2. Carlos was so elated when he heard the good news that he telephoned his parents across the country.3. Pauline was too preoccupied with her work to hear what we were saying.4. When asked to give her candid opinion, she had to admit that she thought the boy guilty of the crime.5. After his business failed, he had to rely on the benevolence of his family for support.6. He threateningly declared that no one could bully his little brother with impunity .7. In times of trouble he solaces himself by playing the piano.8. Sociable persons are inclined to observe the rules of decorum .9. A person with a reputable background need not fear false accusations.10. Since he was not always truthful, we could not depend on the veracity of his statements.11. She will be an executive soon if she continues to show such avidity for hard work.12. Larry’s exemplary conduct served as a guide for the young children.13. Jan’s assistant admired her punctilious working habits.14. Although he admitted that the trip was feasible, he still refused to go.15. They kept a wary eye for large crowds of people and avoided groups ofexcited talker.16. The morale of the troops improved at the sight of the reinforcementsUnit 21. Although her friends are usually cheerful, she is sometimes full of gloom and (moroseness).2. We are constantly pestered and (harassed )by bill collectors.3. The high humidity today makes me feel too (languid) to take part in any vigorous exercise.4. Those near him begged him not to (despond)over the bad news he had just heard.5. As we looked at their (downcast) eyes, we could almost feel their sadness.6. In order to save money, the young couple lived quite (austerely).7. When his mind became (deranged), he was taken to a mental hospital for treatment.8. Dick (rued) what he had done when he saw the unfortunate consequences of his action.9. The band of soldiers suffered from hunger and other(privations).10.Gentle by nature, he (recoiled) at the thought of having to kill the duck.11. The mountain climbers described the trials and (tribulations)of theirdifficult journey.12. By the time the police arrived, six people had been injured in the (melee).13. By (mischance) she became lost and missed her appointment.14. Soon after he had made his difficult decision, he had many (misgivings) about how wise he had been.15. He was so (abashed) by what he had done that he was too embarrassed to face us again.16. The unexpected news he heard (disconcerted) him and threw him into a state of total confusion.Unit 31. Because she always (covets) the accomplishments of others, she is never completely satisfied.2. A (palaver) between labor and management should result in a fair and reasonable contract.3. The host walked up and (accosted) the two silent guests.4. The massive stone formations at Stonehenge (attest) to its ancient function.5. Both sides must (assent) to the change in the contract.6. The two children were separated by the teacher because they cold not play together in (concord).7. Lorraine Hansberry’s play A Raisin in the Sun received the enthusiastic (plaudits) of critics and audiences alike.8. Give no (credence) to rumors.9. Since the two sets of records were (consistent) with each other, we were assured that the data were genuine.10. The butler was handsomely rewarded for having served his employer with such(fidelity).11. With complete (solidarity) of interests, the group of protestors marched on City Hall.12. In the early 1900’s Agnes Nestor often acted as a (liaison) between the manufacturers and the union members.1. We spent the day (culling) the non-laying hens from the brood. .(动物中鸟或家禽的)一窝,2. Let’s not be late or the director will go into a (harangue) on the values of punctuality.3. Don’t mind her not agreeing; she usually (dissents) from the majority opinion.4. (chastened) by the punishment I had endured, I vowed to become a better person.5. The foolish statement he issued to the press served only to (derogate) from his own prestige.6. Their ridiculous behavior was greeted by (derisive/taunting) laughter.7. Members of the opposing team (taunted / derided)him about his clumsiness.8. He angrily (repudiated) all the statements that had been made against him.9. In abusive language he (imprecated) the man who had caused him so muchhardship.10. We expected his blessing, but all he uttered were (maledictions) against us.Unit 51. My excuse was not (feigned) ; I could not attend the meeting because I was sick.2. She refused to be (hoodwinked) by the manufacturer’s false claims for the product.3. It wasn’t until much later that he realized that he had been given a (bogus) twenty-dollar bill.4. When he was caught, the (malefactor) confessed to the crime.5. He was guilty of theft, murder, and other (iniquities).6. You may have a feeling of (repugnance) when you see my room; it is badly in need of cleaning.7. The strange, (eerie) stillness that settled over the camp made us all feel somewhat uneasy.8. The (insidious) poison had a more serious effect than was at first apparent.9. The speaker talked about Satan and his (diabolic) characteristics.10. His lie was so(flagrant) that everyone was aware of it.11. The (wanton) cruelty of the invaders shocked the world.Unit 61. Since the rental price was (exorbitant), the young couple did not lease the apartment.2.“Rome was not built in a day”means the important things are often accomplished (piecemeal) rather than all at once.3. The game warden (tallies) the number of trout taken from the stream.4. Before Alfred Chiang and Geraldo Kilsung (consummated) their contract, they held several meetings with their lawyer.5. Keep away from the swamp, for it (teems) with mosquitoes.6. We may never learn the (ultimate) result of the foolish action.7. The number of grains of sand on this beach is very large but nevertheless (finite).8. All the youngsters helped themselves to apples, leaving an (inconsiderable) amount of fruit in the barrel.9. With that (copious) supply of food, nobody at the banquet will go hungry.10. Colds are (prevalent) during the winter months.11. We need people with broad rather than (parochial) viewpoints.12. They looked forward to the (sundry) pleasures that awaited them at the county fair.13. The use of large expanses of glass is an (integral) part of modern architecture.。

高一英语第二册单词表Unit 1.1. cultural /ˈkʌltʃərəl/ adj. 文化的。

2. relic /ˈrelɪk/ n. 遗物；遗迹；纪念物。

3. rare /reə(r)/ adj. 稀罕的；稀有的；珍贵的。

4. valuable /ˈvæljuəbl/ adj. 贵重的；有价值的。

5. survive /səˈvaɪv/ vi. 幸免；幸存；生还 vt. 使……幸存；比……活得长。

6. vase /vɑːz/ n. 花瓶；瓶。

7. dynasty /ˈdɪnəsti/ n. 朝代；王朝。

8. in search of 寻找。

9. amaze /əˈmeɪz/ vt. 使吃惊；惊讶。

10. amazing /əˈmeɪzɪŋ/ adj. 令人吃惊的！11. select /sɪˈlekt/ vt. 挑选；选择。

12. honey /ˈhʌni/ n. 蜜；蜂蜜。

13. design /dɪˈzaɪn/ n. 设计；图案；构思 vt. 设计；计划；构思。

14. fancy /ˈfænsi/ adj. 奇特的；异样的 vt. 想象；设想；爱好。

15. style /staɪl/ n. 风格；风度；类型。

16. decorate /ˈdekəreɪt/ vt. 装饰；装修。

17. jewel /ˈdʒuːəl/ n. 珠宝；宝石。

18. artist /ˈɑːtɪst/ n. 艺术家。

19. belong /bɪˈlɒŋ/ vi. 属于；为……的一员。

20. belong to 属于。

Unit 2.1. ancient /ˈeɪnʃənt/ adj. 古代的；古老的。

2. compete /kəmˈpiːt/ vi. 比赛；竞争。

3. competitor /kəmˈpetɪtə(r)/ n. 竞争者。

4. take part in 参加；参与。

5. medal /ˈmedl/ n. 奖章；勋章；纪念章。

高级英语第二册课文翻译及词汇第一课迎战卡米尔号飓风词汇(Vocabulary)lash (v.): move quickly or violently猛烈冲击；拍打pummel (n.): beat or hit with repeated blows，esp．with the fist(尤指用拳头)连续地打course (n.): a way of behaving；mode 0f conduct行为；品行；做法demolish (v.): pull down．tear down，or smash to pieces (a building，etc．)，destroy：ruin 拉倒；打碎；拆毁；破坏；毁灭motel (n.):a hotel intended primarily for those traveling by car, usually with direct access from each room to an area for cars汽车游客旅馆gruff (adj.): rough or surly in manner or speech；harsh and throaty；hoarse粗暴的，粗鲁的；粗哑的。

嘶哑的batten (n.): fasten with battens用压条钉住(或固定)methodically (adv.): orderly，systematically有秩序地；有条理地main (n.): a principal pipe, or line in a distributing system for water, gas, electricity, etc(自来水，煤气，电等的)总管bathtub (n.): a tub，now usually a bathroom fixture，in which to take a bath浴盆，浴缸generator (n.): a machine for changing mechanical energy into electrical energy；dynamo发电机，发动机scud (v.): run or move swiftly；glide or skim along easily疾行，飞驰；掠过mattress (n.): a casing of strong cloth or other fabric filled with cotton，hair，foam rubber，etc．床垫；褥子pane (n.):a single division of a window，etc.，consisting of a sheet of glass in a frame；such a sheet of glass窗格；窗格玻璃disintegrate (v.): separate into parts or fragments; break up；disunite分裂，分解，裂成碎块blast (n.): a strong rush of(air or wind)一股(气流)；一阵(风)douse (n.): plunge or thrust suddenly into liquid；drench; pour liquid over把…浸入液体里；使浸透；泼液体在…上brigade (n.): a group of people organized to function。

高中第二册英语单词Unit 1.1. cultural ['kʌltʃərəl] adj. 文化的。

2. relic ['relɪk] n. 遗物；遗迹；纪念物。

3. rare [reə(r)] adj. 稀罕的；稀有的；珍贵的。

4. valuable ['væljuəbl] adj. 贵重的；有价值的。

5. survive [sə'vaɪv] vi. 幸免；幸存；生还 vt. 比……活得长；（经过……）活（保存）下来。

6. vase [vɑːz] n. 花瓶；瓶。

7. dynasty ['dɪnəsti] n. 朝代；王朝。

8. in search of 寻找。

9. amaze [ə'meɪz] vt. 使吃惊；惊讶。

10. amazing [ə'meɪzɪŋ] adj. 令人吃惊的！Unit 2.1. compete [kəm'piːt] vi. 比赛；竞争。

2. competitor [kəm'petɪtə(r)] n. 竞争者。

3. take part in 参加；参与。

4. medal ['medl] n. 奖章；勋章；纪念章。

5. stand for 代表；象征；表示。

6. mascot ['mæskət] n. 吉祥物。

7. Greece [ɡriːs] n. 希腊。

8. Greek [ɡriːk] adj. 希腊（人）的；希腊语的 n. 希腊人；希腊语。

9. magical ['mædʒɪkl] adj. 巫术的；魔术的；有魔力的。

10. volunteer [ˌvɒlən'tɪə(r)] n. 志愿者；志愿兵 adj. 志愿的；义务的 vt. & vi. 自愿。

Unit 3.1. abacus ['æbəkəs] n. 算盘。

高级英语第二册课文翻译及词汇第一课迎战卡米尔号飓风词汇(Vocabulary)lash (v.): move quickly or violently猛烈冲击；拍打pummel (n.): beat or hit with repeated blows，esp．with the fist(尤指用拳头)连续地打course (n.): a way of behaving；mode 0f conduct行为；品行；做法demolish (v.): pull down．tear down，or smash to pieces (a building，etc．)，destroy：ruin拉倒；打碎；拆毁；破坏；毁灭motel (n.):a hotel intended primarily for those traveling by car, usually with direct access from each room to an area for cars汽车游客旅馆gruff (adj.): rough or surly in manner or speech；harsh and throaty；hoarse粗暴的，粗鲁的；粗哑的。

嘶哑的batten (n.): fasten with battens用压条钉住(或固定)methodically (adv.): orderly，systematically有秩序地；有条理地main (n.): a principal pipe, or line in a distributing system for water, gas, electricity, etc(自来水，煤气，电等的)总管bathtub (n.): a tub，now usually a bathroom fixture，in which to take a bath浴盆，浴缸generator (n.): a machine for changing mechanical energy into electrical energy；dynamo发电机，发动机scud (v.): run or move swiftly；glide or skim along easily疾行，飞驰；掠过mattress (n.): a casing of strong cloth or other fabric filled with cotton，hair，foam rubber，etc．床垫；褥子pane (n.):a single division of a window，etc.，consisting of a sheet of glass in a frame；such a sheet of glass窗格；窗格玻璃disintegrate (v.): separate into parts or fragments; break up；disunite分裂，分解，裂成碎块blast (n.): a strong rush of(air or wind)一股(气流)；一阵(风)douse (n.): plunge or thrust suddenly into liquid；drench; pour liquid over 把…浸入液体里；使浸透；泼液体在…上brigade (n.): a group of people organized to function。

综合英语考研张汉熙《高级英语2》考研复习资料词汇语法一、一、词汇短语1. intricate [5intrikit] adj. complex; solvable or comprehensible only with painstaking effort错综复杂的；难懂的，难以解决的：an intricate design难懂的设计2. indulge [in5dQldV] vt. to yield to the desires and whims of, especially to an excessive degree沉迷，放纵，纵情享受：indulge oneself in eating and drinking纵情于吃喝。

与其构成的短语有：indulge in沉溺于；饱享3. meander [mi5AndE] vi. to move aimlessly and idly without fixed direction漫游，闲逛：We usually meander down to the pub after the dinner.晚饭之后，我们常常漫步去酒吧。

4. conversationalist [7kCnvE5seiFEnElist] n. one given to or skilled at conversation健谈者：He is even-tempered, easy-going and an excellent conversationalist.他处事不惊，待人随和，同时也是个非常健谈的人。

5. anecdote [5AnikdEut] n. a short account of an interesting or humorous incident轶事，奇闻：He told one or two amusing anecdotes about his years as a policeman.他讲述了一两桩他当警察时的趣事。

A：affirmation 肯定alchemy 炼金术anecdote 趣闻秩事asunder碎，散abolish废除abverdary对手aggression侵犯攻击性almighty万能的，拜金主义anew新生再生assembly会议集会组装admixture 混合antiseptically 冷静的超然的ancillary 辅助的补充的amour恋爱，风流韵事appendicitis阑尾炎analogy类比，比拟B：bier 停尸架bust经济萧条bow弯曲物，弓状物bridle 缰绳，马笼头belabor观点论点beget 引发，导致，成为…之父bilk 欺骗boutique 时装店belligerent好斗的，参战的C：chimpanzee 黑猩猩churl 农民，粗野的人coin 创造corpse 尸体convict 宣判有罪coffin 棺材coral 珊瑚convert 使……转化constellation星座，一系列chandelier 枝型吊灯cabana 简易更衣室carnival狂欢夜contingent 小分队corps特种部队catelytic 催化的contritely 懊悔的crater火山口cerebral 大脑的理智的civility礼貌客气conscience良心良知，愧疚D、E：dandelion 蒲公英delve 翻找enclave 飞地Descendant后代子孙desultorily 漫无目的，随意derelict 荒废的，破旧的discipline 训练管教，处罚edict 法令，命令embattled被困扰的engulf 被包围，严重影响eradicate 根除杜绝expatriation移居国外exhilarate使高兴激动ember余下的灰烬exasperate 使烦恼，恼怒F、G：facetious 乱引人发笑的言论foe敌人仇人forge努力加强，伪造，稳步前进formulate确切表达，制定规foreclosure 抵押品forebear 祖先fracas争吵打斗furrow 犁沟，沟，车辙glow 发红发热淡淡的红光gazelle瞪羚garrison守备部队，驻守H：harrow 耙hummocky 多园丘的hindquarter 臀部和后腿halter 马笼头heed留心注意heir继承人后代hemisphere半球hypothesis 假设hamstring妨碍正常工作hyperventilate 换气过度hybrid 混合物I：inaugural就职的始创的immune 免疫，不受影响的indulge 放纵，沉溺于intercept 拦阻截住intimate 密友亲密的intricate 错综复杂invective辱骂invoke 引起唤起iron坚强的坚定的，冷酷的insolence傲慢无礼idiocy愚蠢implausible 不合情理的J、L：jeer 嘲笑，讥讽Jupiter 木星juxtaposition并列lofty 巍峨的高尚的lucerne 目宿lather 车床laxative 通便剂O：obliquely 间接的拐弯抹角的oak橡树outpace超速oblong 长方形，矩形obsolescent过时的M：meander 河流蜿蜒而行，慢步闲逛闲聊mind 聪明的musketeer火枪手modulate调节调整控制mortgage mansion 公馆，按揭抵押magnolia木兰malleable 可塑造的，易成型的mores 习惯习俗mortal不能永生，凡人mendacious 撒谎的，不真实的mongrel 杂交的混血的microclimate小气候P：pejorative 轻蔑的pressing 紧急的，不容忽视的prose 散文pomegranate 石榴puritan清教徒precipitate使…加速，降临perversion是非颠倒，变态prescribe开处方，命令指示pedantic迂腐的prespicacious敏锐的精辟的proximity接近靠近precariously 不确定的，危险的pitchblende 沥青铀矿palm棕榈树premise前提假定parable 寓言故事preempt 防止，先发制人，取代predicament 困难，尴尬的处境S：scamper 欢乐的，蹦蹦跳跳的snobbery 势利行为，自以为优越sparkle 闪烁，热情奔放sty 猪圈猪场subsoil 底土syphilis 梅毒subversion 颠覆，暗中破坏stork 植物的茎，梗sovereign有主权的，元首summon召唤召集振作scales 天平，磅秤scalpel手术刀stature声望，身高succumb 屈服，抵挡不住superdome subculture亚文化群stalemate 僵局sergeant军士中士subprime 次级的R：rear 后部，抚养recess 隐蔽处，休会，暂停rendering 演奏表演，翻译作rift 意见不合，分裂，裂缝ring 充满，圆形表演场raccoon浣熊rejoice 高兴欣喜reverend尊敬的可敬的reveler狂欢者radium镭T：tart 酸的，尖酸的till 耕地tap轻拍，开发tussle 扭打争夺temper使温和tempt引诱testimony证词证据tribulation忧患，苦恼twilight黄昏朦胧的tyranny苛政，暴虐tortellini 馅饺tawdriness 俗气，花里花俏turnstile 旋转栅门thermostat 温度调节U、V：ultimatum 最后通牒underling 下手下属,喽啰undoing毁灭，失败的原因unleash发泄，使爆发Upbringing 抚养养育vigor 力量，活力，热情vivacity 活泼精力充沛venture敢去可能有危险的地方，小心的说，有风险的企业witchcraft 巫术妖术waif瘦小的人综合测试单词：Antler鹿角acme 顶点asceticis怀疑主义anecdote 轶事adversary 反抗blasphemy 亵渎Boutique 精品店Constellation星座corollary 推论collage 剪纸画civility 礼貌convict 罪犯denominator 共性etiology 本源edict 法令exuberance 茂盛Excrement 排泄物Enzyme 酶forebear 祖先Fraudulency 欺诈farce 闹剧grime 积垢grove 果园hype 骗局invective 谩骂Incinerator 焚烧炉inadvertence粗心jingoism沙文主义malice 恶意Mores 习俗municipality 自治市mutation 变化languor倦怠Premise 前提precincts 范围paranoia 妄想狂premium 奖品rift 裂痕scalpel手术刀sojourn 短期访问trauma 创伤tribulation 苦难trickle 细流Virtuosity 技艺waif 流浪汉。

Lashed冲击scudded 疾行desolate使荒凉, 孤寂derelict被遗弃的undoing 取消毁灭makings 做booming兴旺繁荣受欢迎的contemptuous轻蔑的侮辱的a catalytic agent催化剂sprees狂欢swiveled转换旋转smoldered闷烧lucrative有利可图的赚钱的macabre 可怕的adjunct催化剂industrious勤勉的afflict (distress)危难不幸frenzied (crazyrift gaptempered( toughened)diatribes (criticism)invoke (call forth)perspicacious (perceptive) contingent因情况而异的, 不一定的squashed压扁的压碎的precariously.Insecurelyputrid rotting腐败festooned coveredprovincial narrow-mindedgrueling耗尽denominator traitskin and bones皮包骨瘦的sit out袖手旁观indulge in susceptible to对……敏感, 易受影响Erectness 竖立安装hamlets 小村庄sanctuary避难所slashing猛砍, 鞭打猛烈agonizing 苦恼的unabated不减弱的doused 浸泡blasts爆炸marooned 孤立无援的dogmatic教条的unfathomable深不可测的plight 状况flayed criticizedin obedience to 遵照harassed troubled厌烦的dissipated.Disappearedwritten off 忽略不顾prescribed set downdiabolical.fiendish恶行unabated不减弱的不衰退的unleashed释放解放swath细长的列crooks骗取, 恶棍putrid decomposing分解marooned abandoned 孤立的blew in偶然采访, 挥霍infested 被骚扰的stowed装填存放smoldered闷烧inimical 故意的有害的skimmed浏览去除mellow成熟圆润的enlist从军支持wring拧绞catalytic agent催化剂lucrative有利可图的let-up减少减弱reluctant 不愿desultorily perplexing复杂的困惑的facetiously 爱开玩笑的summons 召唤engulf吞噬macabre ghastly 可怕的snapped 突然中断拍拍作响trailed尾随追踪hobbled 蹒跚inflamed发炎的红肿的tribulation苦难磨难contingent因情况而异的不一定的bordering upon相邻blasts爆炸inverted 倒转的反向的testimony证词证言slumped 下跌的diatribes 诽谤；恶骂restrains 保留denunciation 谴责obsolescent 过时的invective abusediabolical.Criticismwhipped up rousedturned belly up endedacute intenseoutgrown过快的过大的outpaced赶过超过forsaken 遗弃tempt诱惑引起rejection抛弃拒绝expatriation放弃国籍流亡国外lacerated撕裂受伤waif流浪者dingy昏暗的肮脏的mellowed 圆润的柔和的glimmer 少许微光闪光standardization标准imposingly壮观的威风的ardent热情的longed for coveted 渴望bewilderingobsolescent 过时的affluent 富裕的appalling 可怕的震惊的shattered 破碎的sullen sulky生气阴沉的scampered 奔跑devastated 毁坏in retrospect 回顾square substantial 大量的实质的derelict abandoned抛弃unfathomable incomprehensible深不可immune exempt 免除exempt 免除preposterous 荒谬的square substantialdubious questionablesquash squeeze挤压修辞Antithesis 对照Metonymy 借代Oxymoron 矛盾修辞Transferred epithet 转移转类修辞Alliteration 头韵Synecdoche提喻Assonance谐音Onomatopoeia 拟声。

• 1. mourner: n.•person who attends a funeral as a relative or friend of the dead•送葬者；哀悼者•mourn: v. grieve for哀悼• e.g.: The whole nation had mourned (for) the death of their great leader.•举国上下哀悼他们的伟大领袖。

•Silent mourning•Mourn for the deceased• 2. thread: v. pass through like a thread 穿过•thread one’s way through:•find, pick, one’s way through (a crowd, streets, etc) 挤过（人群）；穿过（街道）• e.g.: I thread my way through the crowded streets.•On holidays, if you go shopping, you have to thread your way through the crowd, which is very annoying sometimes.•如果节假日里去购物，不得不在人群中挤，这有时很烦人。

• 3. wail: v. cry in a loud, usually shrill voice 悲伤地哭泣或哀嚎• e.g.:1) She was wailing for her lost child.她为失去的孩子哭泣。

•2) wails (over) one’s misfortunes•为自己的不幸而哀泣•3)The wind wailed through the trees.•风穿过树林发出似嚎叫的声音。

• 4. chant: n. a song in which words are repeated in a monotonous tone of voice 单调的歌• e.g.: The mourners wailed a short chant over and over again.•送葬者的口里一遍一遍地哀号着一支短促的悲歌。

• 1.hurricane飓风• 2. lash: v. strike with great force 猛击；拍打睫毛n.• e.g.(1) The rain was lashing (against) the windows.•(2)He lashed the horse across the back with his whip.•（3）She went quiet for a moment while she thought the words to lash him.• 3. pummel: v. beat or hit with repeated blows, esp. with the fist 以拳连击• e.g.1) The thief was pushed and pummeled by an angry crowd.•2) He was given a good pummeling.•pummel vs. plum李子• 4.reluctant: adj. unwilling 勉强的• e.g.: She seemed reluctant to join in the discussion.•be reluctant to do sth.,/ be unwilling to do sth.5. Course:a way of behaving, mode of conduct行为、品行、做法course of action:way of doing things行动路线；对策、做法• e.g.: Now the best course of action is to increase tax on alcohol.• 6. consult sb.: ask sb. for help• E.g. I wish to consult you on a few questions.•consultant n. 顾问•consult 咨询vs. insult侮辱•7. demolish: v. pull/tear down (a building, etc.) 拆毁• e.g.: Several houses were demolished to make way for the new road.• E.g. Our intention was to demolish the rumors that have surrounded him.•8. gruff: harsh and threatening in manner or appearance; rude粗鲁的•9.batten:v./n.压条，压条钉住•10. methodically: orderly, systematically秩序井然的，有条理的• e.g The men methodically prepared for the hurricane.•11. elevate: v.•lift up, raise 抬高，举起• e.g.: 1）elevated railway 高架铁路•2）He elevated his voice slightly.•3）The clerk was elevated to a managerial position.•elevator：电梯，usually used by Americans/ lift : mainly used by British people •12. main: n. a principal pipe or line in a distributing system for water, gas, electricity, etc.（自来水，煤气，电等的）总管道，干线• e.g.: The water main in the street burst.•13.bathtub:浴缸•14. scud: v. go straight and fast, with smooth motion （平稳地）疾行，飞驰• e.g.: 1）The clouds scudded across the sky.•2）Birds scud across the lake surface.•鸟儿迅速掠过湖面。

1. lashA. strike violentlyB. pass byC. move slowlyD. stride2. pummelA. push forwardB. punish severelyC. hit with repeated blowD. beat heavily3. gruffA. seriousB. grievousC. roughD. gentle4. elevateA. put downB. lift upC. face toD. push down5. demolishA. destroyC. increaseD. beat6. scudA. go smoothlyB. go straight and fastC. go up and downD. go violently7. interiorA. situated insideB. situated outsideC. interrelateD. internecine8. ferocityA. capabilityB. fiercenessC. impedimentD. ferment9. shudderA. shuffle inB. walk outC. curl up10. sanctuaryA. a warm placeB. shelterC. a clean placeD. a harm place11. maroonA. stay brave and alongB. leave hopefulC. stay helplessD. leave helpless and alone12. vantageA. variable situationB. comfortless positionC. advantageD. disadvantage13. debrisA. small individual partsB. completely good placesC. well preserved piecesD. scattered broken pieces14. imploreA. request earnestlyB. inform eagerlyC. ask for leaveD. ask for leave15. skimA. hit violentlyB. move lightly overC. go fast and quietlyD. move gradually away16. rampageA. walk for pleasureB. produce branchesC. rageD. range17. festoonA. celebrateB. fastenC. scatterD. decorate18. extinguishA. put outB. put upC. put onD. put down19. disintegrateA. joint togetherB. break up into piecesC. regard as a individualD. look down upon20. frustrateA. discourageB. bring about good resultC. come out fruitfullyD. worry about the result21. propA. supportB. placeC. suspendD. propose22. tiltA. cultivateB. inclineC. levelD. disintegrate23. endureA. conductB. controlC. bearD. engulf24. barA. music noteB. hot railC. brickD. block25. thrustA. dreadful weaponB. sharp knifeC. pierce windD. driving force26. diminishA. mummifyB. reduceC. micro commandD. increase27. assumeA. assertB. pronounceC. supposeD. declare28. perishA. incarnateB. dieC. increaseD. submit29. lapA. coverB. destroyC. beatD. put30. vanishA. importB. existC. appearD. disappear1. intricateA. difficultB. complicatedC. invalidD. simple2. anecdoteA. short amusing storyB. long tedious talkC. uninteresting writingD. exciting information3. affirmationA. negative conversationB. possibilityC. positive statementD. affection4. churlA. soldierB. bishopC. naturalistD. peasant5. convictA. criminalB. aggressorC. captainD. captor6. interceptA. stop between starting-point and destinationB. arrive at the conclusionC. write words expressing respectD. prevent from being seen7. denialA. piece of open landB. accepting an invitationC. refusing a requestD. teaching good behaviour8. delveA. give oneself upB. clasp carefullyC. search carefully and deeplyD. look down upon9. immuneA. secureB. impureC. odorousD. revival10. facetiousA. unimportantB. very superficialC. hideousD. not serious11. sinisterA. not pretendedB. suggesting evilC. happening in the same timeD. giving orders12. pejorativeA. sharpB. distastefulC. contemptuousD. penetrating13. ultimatumA. uthe general opinion about the character, qualities etcB. state of being in demandC. sth. that provokes or annoysD. final statement of conditions to be accepted14. tussleA. have a hard struggle or fightB. raise to a higher gradeC. come to a lower level or stateD. make the greatest possible use of15. scamperA. move onward smoothlyB. drop down directlyC. run quickly and playfullyD. walk forward and backward16. edictA. orderB. articleC. paintingD. newspape17. tartA. differentB. sarcasticC. loadedD. special18. coinA. happenB. coincideC. comfortD. invent19. dominanceA. ruling classB. manageable domainC. controlling powerD. religious establishment20. salonA. a regular held fashionable gatheringB. a big luxurious carC. a grand comfortable hotelD. a large public drinking place21. sociableA. gregariousB. collectiveC. commonD. ordinary22. deserveA. to take awayB. to last longC. to help withD. to be worthy of23. sparkleA. strikeB. glitterC. climbD. flow24. opportunityA. an opposing forceB. a favourable placeC. a chance for advancementD. a difficult situation25. indulgedA. gratifyB. involveC. interruptD. gratitude26. gossipA. gloryB. rumorC. private factD. personal things27. proseA. imitationB. copyingC. writingD. drawing28. punctuateA. insert occasionallyB. not to emphasizeC. act instantlyD. interrupt periodically29. recessA. accepted quantityB. the act of receivingC. secluded placeD. secrete news30. pressingA. urgentB. immediateC. refusingD. interacting1. inauguralA. holy and sacred place in a churchB. formal speech made by a person on taking officeC. shelter from trouble, dangerD. talk for the purpose of teaching2. sovereignA. self-governingB. self-sufficientC. self-centeredD. self-respected3. subversionA. rebuildingB. successionC. destroyingD. salvage4. invectiveA. beautiful wordsB. facial expressionsC. convincing speechD. abusive language5. invokeA. call forthB. take downC. put upD. take the form of6. prescribeA. order or directB. produceC. protectD. agree7. tribulationA. contributionB. deliveryC. distributionD. great difficulty or trouble8. adversaryA. a person who gives adviceB. a friendC. an enemyD. a listener9. civilityA. rough mannersB. polite behaviourC. polite citizenD. rude person10. engulfA. swallow upB. consider aboutC. clean upD. imprint on11. heedA. rise on feetB. strike on the headC. give new life and strengthD. pay attention to12. shieldA. person or thing that protectsB. a court order prohibiting or ordering a given actionC. a person or animal inhabiting a specified placeD. an apparatus used in inhaling medicinal vapors13. asunderA. from belowB. apart in direction or positionC. in or to a low placeD. from an upright position14. belabourA. ask sb. to work hardB. set upon with too much talkC. furnish with powerD. force upon others15. eradicateA. cut into many small partsB. go round in circleC. draw together into a small spaceD. put an end to; destroy16. observeA. celebrateB. preserveC. orateD. help17. almightyA. intensiveB. all-powerfuC. instructiveD. all-round18. symbolizeA. make signalB. show pityC. representD. present19. undoingA. showingB. lazinessC. coverD. destruction20. permitA. fill inB. consentC. get intoD. explain21. commitA. pledgeB. omitC. refrainD. repeat22. hostA. a fewB. multitudeC. houseD. exclusion23. allianceA. dominationB. transactionC. disintegrationD. association24. castA. insertB. fallC. throwD. leap25. preyA. victimB. requireC. addressD. beg26. aggressionA. defenceB. invasionC. injuryD. disclosure27. outpaceA. fall behindB. step outC. walk outsidD. surpass28. anewA. once moreB. strangeC. famousD. weary29. testimonyA. evidenceB. witnessC. liberationD. trial30. inspectionA. predictionB. warm speechC. expectationD. examination1. fallacyA. religious beliefB. false beliefC. bankruptcyD. dropping2. incredulousA. unbelievingB. increasingC. industriousD. unimproved3.scalpelA. a carpetB. a piece of breadC. a small, light knifeD. a rising market4.perspicaciousA. determinateB. flagitiousC. prestigiousD. discerning5.traumaA. emotional shockB. mental workC. the state of not having enoughD. a reinforced structure for observers6.shedA. take shelterB. prevert fromC. lose hairD. keep company with7.pedanticA. of a person who likes musicB. of a person who pays attention to unimportant newsC. of a person who stresses on sportsD. of a person who emphasizes trivial points of learning8.desistA. insist onB. ceaseC. heckleD. castrate9.proportionsA. propertyB. portionsC. massagesD. dimensions10.waifA. homeless childB. wandering musicianC. countrymanD. smuggler11.perspirationA. convincingB. encouragingC. pledgingD. sweating12. blubberA. speak quicklyB. talk repeatedlyC. say with sobsD. say with hiccups13. modulateA. make achange in the toneB. cause to do or believe sthC. make or become softD. change the place or position14.infamyA. being famous forB. being shamefulC. being honestD. being refused15.contriteA. sadB. honestC. penitentD. overjoyed16.waxA. grow bigger or greaterB. become less or smallerC. drop heavilyD. cover with thick coating17.acmeA. large group of plantsB. highest pointC. sharp crisisD. highest mountain peak18.veerA. move forwardB. look sidewaysC. change directionsD. pour out19.exultantA. triumphantB. foreignC. exhaustedD. overflowing20.unsightlyA. invisibleB. uglyC. precipitateD. provisional21.testyA. examiningC. impatientD. judging22.fractureA. breakB. combineC. disagreeD. repeat23.tugA. pullB. pushC. placeD. fix24.covetA. surroundB. coverD. desire25.grullingA. complainingB. moaningC. tiringD. unwilling26.minceA. decreaseB. minimizeC. increaseD. euphemize27.clapA. strikeB. walkC. fall downD. climb up28.winceA. push forwardB. draw backC. incise upD. draw out29.qualifyA. equalB. proposeC. restrictD. count30.chinkA. a precise pieceB. a small pieceC. a big valleyD. a narrow opening31.shambleA. walk in an awkward wayB. tremble terriblyC. close in mild wayD. shine brightly32.contriteA. permitting easilyB. seeing clearlyC. feeling regretD. looking worried33.chirpA. a long loud soundB. a short low-pitched soundC. a low murmuring soundD. a short,high-pitched sound34.contradictA. take outB. be contrary toC. withdrawD. be relevant to35.immovableA. permanentB. quickC. immediateD. cold36.penetrateA. spreadB. pierceC. take partD. formulate37.specificationA. a blank or empty areaB. a detailed, exact statement of particularsC. a partial excuseD. the evolutionary formation of new biological species38.scrapA. special placeB. particular areaC. small pieceD. unseen item39.tremendousA. uniqueB. genuineC. unexpectedD. enormous40.clutchA. grasp tightlyB. hang looselyC. touch softlyD. hold lightly1. hideousA. secretB. concealedC. uglyD. outstanding2. uncompromisingA. unyieldingB. unequalledC. unwaveringD. unpromising3. ingenuityA. stupidityB. clevernessC. not genuineD. sincerity4. unintelligibleA. stupidB. showing high intelligenceC. difficult to understandD. not intelligent5. ghastlyA. surprisinglyB. delightfulC. greatlyD. horrible6. obsceneA. unclearB. indecentC. stubbornD. transparent7. unfathomablenA. which can't be understoodB. which can be measuredC. which is not realisticD. which is not deep8. etiologyA. the science of lifeB. the science of societyC. the study of actionD. the study of cause9. inadvertenceA. attentionB. carelessnessC. pretenceD. weakness10. defaceA. damage the name ofB. clean the surface ofC. spoil the look ofD. decorate on the surface of11. putridA. purifiedB. uglyC. freshD. rotten12. pullmanA. railroad carB. porterC. loaderD. sweater13. forsakeA. benefitB. abandonC. supportD. save14. alleyA. unionB. metalC. streetD. building15. alludeA. illustrateB. refer indirectlyC. imagineD. speak directly16. lucrativeA. profitableB. excessiveC. mournfulD. decreasing17. lacerateA. produceB. manageC. controlD. hurt18. forlornA. movableB. liberalC. desertedD. divided19. streakA. splitB. coverC. breakD. destroy20. grimeA. limeB. smileC. colorD. dirt21. precariousA. unsafeB. cautiousC. rpreoccupyD. steady22. titanicA. limitedB. powerfulC. timidD. panic23. aberrantA. incorrectB. obstinateC. unusualD. normal24. inimicalA. favourableB. intimateC. comicalD. hostile25. grotesqueA. strangeB. graphicC. picturesqueD. charming26. retrospectA. thought about the futureB. contemplation of the pastC. examination of the presentD. analysis of the past27. pathologyA. the study of religionB. the study of philosophyC. the study of diseaseD. the study of path28. mellowA. softenB. hardenC. strengthenD. collapse29. appreciableA. gratefullyB. praisingC. attractivelyD. considerably30. hamletA. a soldier's capB. small villageC. a metal structureD. a large basket31. perpendicularA. verticalB. straightC. uprightD. all the above32. pierA. woodB. pillarC. coffinD. platform33. dingyA. ringingB. gloomyC. dirtyD. soil34. downrightA. absolutelyB. practicallyC. rationallyD. commonly35. trimmingA. outlineB. neat appearanceC. decorationD. arrangement36. eczemaA. dermatitisB. infectionC. appendicitisD. scarlet fever37. aspirationA. encouragementB. ambitionC. enthusiasmD. abstinence38. grandA. rich and sumptuousB. large and heavyC. mean and clumsyD. exaggerative39. filthyA. fullB. pureC. powerfulD. nasty40. revoltingA. changingB. offensiveC. revolvingD. dignifying41. enigmaticalA. ambitiousB. suspiciousC. puzzlingD. important42. monstrousA. surprisingly heavyB. absolutely clearC. undoubtedly trueD. shockingly hideous43. sheerA. completelyB. thinlyC. thicklyD. densely44. agonizeA. ease the angerB. sustain a burdenC. suffer extreme painD. establish peace in45. habitationA. addictionB. residence.C. constitutionD. behaviour46. bleakA. barrenB. encouragedC. exposed to natureD. helpful47. disgraceA. commit to fulfilB. have responsibility toC. take the grandeur away fromD. bring shame on48. giganticA. powerlessB. enormousC. helplessD. ineffectual49. cemeteryA. substanceB. building materialC. graveyardD. commentary50. convertA. reverseB. communicateC. discussD. change1. revoltA. rebellionB. amourC. memoryD. recollection2. nostalgicA. sensationalB. romanticC. homesickD. fashionable3. statureA. statusB. statueC. stationD. stuff4. provincialA. giganticB. narrowC. novelD. moral5. moresA.customsB. drugsC. adventurousnessD. sergeants6. orgyA. bombastB. binaryC. compatibleD. digitized7. transitoryA. curiousB. idealisticC. tremendousD. short-lived8. contingentA. corpsB. distinctionC. notionD. morality9. obsolescentA. unabatedB. smugC. outmodedD. sodden10. strifeA. struggleB. patriotismC. recessionD. factor11. obliquelyA. sexuallyB. reluctantlyC. internationallyD. indirectly12. harassA. pleadB. worryC. fanD. flout13. fadA. featureB. imitatorC. crazeD. pulpit14. hecticA. affluentB. acuteC. excitingD. naughty15. intellectualA. flapperB. sheikC. citizenD. intellect16. crookA. cookB. cheatC. cowboyD. writer17. curbA. controlB. shockC. escapeD. drift18. sterileA. cynicalB. B. sensitiveC. unproductiveD. sophisticated19. illicitA. legalB. illegalC. resistibleD. irresistible20. aftermathA. searchB. investigationC. experimentD. consequence。

• 1. mourner: n.•person who attends a funeral as a relative or friend of the dead•送葬者；哀悼者•mourn: v. grieve for哀悼• e.g.: The whole nation had mourned (for) the death of their great leader.•举国上下哀悼他们的伟大领袖。

•Silent mourning•Mourn for the deceased• 2. thread: v. pass through like a thread 穿过•thread one’s way through:•find, pick, one’s way through (a crowd, streets, etc) 挤过（人群）；穿过（街道）• e.g.: I thread my way through the crowded streets.•On holidays, if you go shopping, you have to thread your way through the crowd, which is very annoying sometimes.•如果节假日里去购物，不得不在人群中挤，这有时很烦人。

• 3. wail: v. cry in a loud, usually shrill voice 悲伤地哭泣或哀嚎• e.g.:1) She was wailing for her lost child.她为失去的孩子哭泣。

•2) wails (over) one’s misfortunes•为自己的不幸而哀泣•3)The wind wailed through the trees.•风穿过树林发出似嚎叫的声音。

• 4. chant: n. a song in which words are repeated in a monotonous tone of voice 单调的歌• e.g.: The mourners wailed a short chant over and over again.•送葬者的口里一遍一遍地哀号着一支短促的悲歌。

高英2--修辞汇总Lesson11. Wind and rain now wiped the house. ----metaphor(暗喻)2. The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. ----simile (明喻)3. The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away. -----simile4. …it seized a 600,00 gallon Gulfport oil tank and dumped it 3.5 miles away. ----personif ication(拟人)5. Rcihelieu Apartments were smashed apart as if by a gigantic fist, and 26 people perish ed. ----6. …the Salvation Army’s canteen trucks and Red Cross volunteers and staffers were going wherever possible to distribute hot drinks, food, clothing and bedding. -----7. The federal government shipped 4,400,000 pounds of food, moved in mobile homes, s et up portable classrooms, opened offices to provide low-interest, long-term business loa ns. ----8. We can batten down and ride it out. -----metaphor9. Everybody out the back door to the cars!—ellipsis (省略)10. Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped the m. -----simile11. Several vacationers at the luxurious Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane part y to watch the storm from their spectacular vantage point-----transferred epithet移就12. Strips of clothing festooned the standing trees, and blown down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the roads----metaphor; simileLesson21. The burying-ground is merely a huge waste of hummocky earth, like a derelict buildin g-lot. -----simile2. They rise out of the earth, they sweat and starve for a few years, and then they sink b ack into the nameless mounds of the graveyard and nobody notices that they are gone. -----alliteration押头韵3. ... and sore-eyed children cluster everywhere in unbelievable numbers, like clouds of fl ies. ----simile4. And really it was almost like watching a flock of cattle to see the long column, a mile o r two miles of armed men, flowing peacefully up the road, while the great white birds drif ted over them in the opposite direction, glittering like scraps of paper. ----- simile5. The little crowd of mourners –all men and boys, no women—threaded their way acros s the market place between the piles of pomegranates and the taxis and the camels, wail ing a short chant over and over again.--—elliptical sentence6. A carpenter sits cross-legged at a prehistoric lathe, turning chair-legs at lightning speed.—- hyperbole7. Instantly, from the dark holes all round, there was a frenzied rush of Jews, many of th em old grandfathers with flowing grey beards, all clamoring for a cigarette. -----transferr ed epithet8. Still, a white skin is always fairly conspicuous.—-synecdoche(提喻)9. As the storks flew northward the Negroes were marching southward—a long, dusty col umn, infantry, screw-gun batteries, and then more infantry, four or five thousand men in all, winding up the road with a clumping of boots and a clatter of iron wheels.—---onom atopoetic words symbolism10. Not hostile, not contemptuous, not sullen, not even inquisitive. —--elliptical sentence11. This wretched boy, who is a French citizen and has therefore been dragged from the forest to scrub floors and catch syphilis in garrison towns, actually has feelings of reveren ce before a white skin. —-synecdoche提喻Lesson31. … and no one has any idea where it will go as it meanders or leaps and sparkles or jus t glows. ---mixed-metaphor or metaphor3. … that suddenly the alchemy of conversation took place, and all at once there was a f ocus. ----metaphor4. The glow of the conversation burst into flames. ----metaphor5. We had traveled in five minutes to Australia. -----metaphorThe fact that their marriages may be on the rocks, or that their love affairs have been br oken or even that they got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern.--—met aphor6. The conversation was on wings. ----metaphor8. The bother about teaching chimpanzees how to talk is that they will probably try to tal k sense and so ruin all conversation. -----sarcasm反讽9. They are like the musketeers of Dumas who, although they lived side by side with each other, did not delve into each other's lives or the recesses of their thoughts and feeling s. -----simile10. … we ought to think ourselves back into the shoes of the Saxon peasant. ----11. Otherwise one will bind the conversation, one will not let it flow freely here and there . ----12. We would never hay gone to Australia, or leaped back in time to the Norman Conque st. ----13. They are like the musketeers of Dumas who, although they lived side by side with ea ch other, did not delve into, each other’s lives or the recesses of their thoughts and feelin gs.—-simile14. Is the phrase in Shakespeare? ----metonymy15. The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion clock, and its seeds multiplied, and flo ated to the ends of the earth.—simile16. Even with the most educated and the most literate, the King’s English slips and slides in conversation.—alliteration17. When E.M.F orster writes of ―the sinister corridor of our age,‖ we sit up at the vividne ss of the phrase, the force and even terror in the image.—--metaphorLesson41. United, there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative ventures. Divided, there is little we can do, for we dare not meet a power full challenge at odds and split asunder.—antithesis2.…in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended u p inside.—metaphor3. Let us never negotiate out of fear, but let us never fear to negotiate.—regression (回环:A-B-C)4. All this will not be finished in the first one hundred days.—allusion 引典; climax递进5. And so, my fellow Americans ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country.—antithesis, regression回环6 We observe today not a victory of party but a celebration of freedom, symbolizing an e nd as well as a beginning, signifying renewal as well as change. ----parallelism7. Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike….—alliteration8. Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or i11, that we shall pay any price, b ear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the sur vival and the success of liberty. ----–parallelism; alliteration9. United, there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative ventures. Divided, there is little we can do, for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder. ----antithesis对句10. To those peoples in the huts and villages of half the globe… ------11. …struggling to break the bonds of mass misery…----12. If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who are rich. -----antithesis13. … to assist free men and free governments in casting off the chains of poverty. ---re petition14. And if a beachhead of co-operation may push back the jungle of suspicion…-----meta phor15. Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those problems which divide us. -----antithesis16.And let every other power know that this hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house. -----metaphor17. The energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will light our cou ntry and all who serve it, and the glow from that fire can truly light the world. -----extend ed metaphor18. …to strengthen its shield of the new and the weak… ----metaphorWith a good conscience our only sure reward, with history the final judge of our deeds…-----parallelismLesson51. Read, then, the following essay which undertakes to demonstrate that logic, far from being a dry, pedantic discipline, is a living, breathing thing, full of beauty, passion, and tr auma.—-metaphor; hyperbole2. Charles Lamb, as merry and enterprising a fellow as you will meet in a month of Sund ays, unfettered the informal essay with his memorable Old China and Dream’s Children.—metaphor2. Cool was I and logical. ----inversion (倒装)3. My brain was as powerful as a dynamo, as precise as a chemist's scales, as penetrating as a scalpel.5. My brain, that precision instrument, slipped into high gear. ----metaphor or -mixed-me taphorSame age, same background, but dumb as an ox. ----6. I was not one to let my heart rule my head. ----metonymy转喻7. "I may do better than that," I said with a mysterious wink (眨眼) and closed my bag and left. ----transferred epithet8. She thought this over for a minute and decided she liked it. ----9. Maybe somewhere in the extinct crater of her mind, a few embers still smoldered. ----metaphor10. After all, you don't have to eat a whole cake to know it's good. ----11. We went to the Knoll, the campus trysting place, and we sat down under an old oak, and she looked at me expectantly. -----allusion12. Just as Pygmalion loved the perfect woman he had fashioned, ----allusion13.I was not Pygmalion; I was Frankenstein, and my monster had me by the throat. ----a llusionThe time had come to change our relationship from academic to romantic. ----assonance (半)谐音14. Back and forth his head swiveled, desire waxing, resolution waning.—antithesis15. What’s Polly to me, or me to Polly?—parody"Your girl," I said, mincing no words. ----litotes (间接肯定)16. This loomed as a project of no small dimensions… -----litotes or understatement17. Maybe somewhere in the extinct crater of her mind, a few embers still smoldered. Ma ybe somehow I could fan them into flame.—-metaphor or extended metaphor18. There is a limit to what flesh and blood can bear. ----synecdoche (提喻)He has hamstrung his opponent before he could even start. ----metaphor19. Over and over and over again I cited instances pointed out flaws, kept hammering a way without let-up. ----metaphor20. Suddenly, a g1immer of intelligence—the first I had seen--came into her eyes. ----me taphor21 I saw a chink of light. And then the chink got bigger and the sun came pouring in and all was bright. -----metaphor22. You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars and the constellations of outer space. -----hyperbole; metaphor23. He's a liar. He's a cheat. He's a rat. ----climax (递进)Look at me--a brilliant student, a tremendous intellectual, a man with an assured future. Look at Petey--a knot-head, a jitterbug, a guy who'll never know where his next meal is c oming from. -----antithesis对句Lesson71. Here was the very heart of industrial America, the center of its most lucrative and char acteristic activity, the boast and pride of the richest and grandest nation ever seen on ea rth—and here was a scene so dreadfully hideous, so intolerably bleak and forlorn that it r educed the whole aspiration of man to a macabre and depressing joke.—metaphor; hype rbole; parallelism; antithesis2. Here was wealth beyond computation, almost beyond imagination—and here were hu man habitations so abominable that they would have disgraced a race of alley cats.—hyp erbole; antithesis2. What I allude to is the unbroken and agonizing ugliness, the sheer revolting monstrou sness, of every house in sight. ----transferred epithet3. …, there was not one in sight from the train that did not insult and lacerate the eye. ----hyperbole; double negatives (双否)4. There was not a single decent house within eye range from the Pittsburgh suburbs to the Greensburg yards，and there was not one that was not misshapen, and there was not one that was not shab by. ----hyperbole; repetition; double negatives5. The country itself is not uncomely, despite the grime of the endless mills.—litotes or u nderstatement6. Obviously, if their were architects of any professional sense or dignity in the region, th ey would have perfected a chalet to hug the hillsides—a chalet with a high-pitched roof, to throw off the heavy winter snows, but still essentially a low and clinging building, wider than it was tall.-— ridicule （讽刺）7. This they have converted into a thing of dingy clapboards, with a narrow, low-pitched roof. ----inversion (倒装)8. On their deep sides they are three, four and even five stories high; on their low sides t hey bury themselves swinishly in the mud. ----metaphor9.But what brick! -----ellipsis (省略)10. …, and so they have the most loathsome (丑陋的) towns and villages ever seen by mortal eye (人世间). ---- hyperbole11. I award this championship only after laborious research and incessant prayer. ----iron y; sarcasm12. And one and all they are streaked in grime, with dead and eczematous patches of pai nt peeping through the streaks.—metaphor13. When it has taken on the patina of the mills it is the color of an egg long past all hope or caring.—ridicule, irony, metaphor14. I award this championship only after laborious research and incessant prayer.—irony15. Safe in a Pullman, I have whirled through the gloomy, God-forsaken villages of Iowa and Lansas, and the malarious tidewater hamlets of Georgia.—antonomasia (换称：专有名词指代一般名词) or allusion16. It is as if some titanic and aberrant genius, uncompromisingly inimical to man, had d evoted all the ingenuity of Hell to the making of them.—hyperbole, irony17. They like it as it is: beside it, the Parthenon would no doubt offend them.—irony18. It is that of a Presbyterian grinning.—metaphor19. …one blinked before them as one blinks before a man with his face shot away.20.A few linger in memory, horrible even there: a crazy little church just west of Jeannette ----personification21 …set like a dormer-window on the side of a bare, leprous hill…----- metaphor22. a steel stadium like a huge rattrap somewhere further down the line. ----simile23. They like it as it is: beside it, the Parthenon (帕特农神庙) would no doubt offend them. ---- antonomasia (换称：专有名词指代一般名词) or allusion24. When it has taken on the patina of the mills it is the color of an egg long past all hope or caring. ----metaphor25. It is as if some titanic and aberrant genius, uncompromisingly inimical to man, had d evoted all the ingenuity of Hell to the making of them. ----hyperbole; irony26. Such ghastly designs, it must be obvious, give a genuine delight to a certain type of mind. ----synecdoche (提喻)27. Thus I suspect (though confessedly without knowing) that the vast majority of the ho nest folk of Westmoreland county, and especially the 100% Americans among them, act ually admire the houses they live in, and are proud of them. -----irony; sarcasm28. It is incredible that mere ignorance should have achieved such masterpieces of horro r. ---ironyLong sentences from the textunit 11. But, like thousands of others in the coastal communities, John was reluctant to aband on his home unless the family -- his wife, Janis, and their seven children, abed 3 to 11 -- was clearly endangered.2. John, 37 -- whose business was right there in his home ( he designed and developed e ducational toys and supplies, and all of Magna Products' correspondence, engineering dr awings and art work were there on the first floor) -- was familiar with the power of a hur ricane.3. John's father moved a small generator into the downstairs hallway, wired several light bulbs to it and prepared a connection to the refrigerator.4. The French doors in an upstairs room blew in with an explosive sound, and the group heard gun- like reports as other upstairs windows disintegrated.5. John and Charlie put their shoulders against it, but a blast of water hit the house, fling ing open the door and shoving them down the hall.6. Frightened, breathless and wet, the group settled on the stairs, which were protected by two interior walls.7. Dr. Robert H. Simpson, director of the National Hurricane Center in Miami, Fla., graded Hurricane Camille as "the greatest recorded storm ever to hit a populated area in the Western Hemisphere."8. Before dawn, the Mississippi National Guard and civil-defense units were moving in to handle traffic, guard property, set up communications centers, help clear the debris and t ake the homeless by truck and bus to refugee centers.9. From hundreds of towns and cities across the country came several million dollars in d onations; household and medical supplies streamed in by plane, train, truck and car.10. Camille, meanwhile, had raked its way northward across Mississippi, dropping more t han 28 inches of rain into West Virginia and southern Virginia, causing rampaging floods, huge mountain slides and 111 additional deaths before breaking up over the Atlantic Oc ean.11. The children appeared to suffer no psychological damage from their experience; they were still awed by the incomprehensible power of the hurricane, but enjoyed describing what they had seen and heard on that frightful night.Lesson Two Marrakech1. The little crowd of mourners--all men and boys, no women --threaded their way acros s the market-place between the piles of pomegranates and the taxis and the camels, wail ing a short chant over and over again.2. When you walk through a town like this — two hundred thousand inhabitants, of who m at least twenty thousand own literally nothing except the rags they stand up in — whe n you see how the people live, and still more how easily they die, it is always difficult to believe that you are walking among human beings.3. Sometimes, out for a walk, as you break your way through the prickly pear, you notice that it is rather bumpy underfoot, and only a certain regularity in the bumps tells you th at you are walking over skeletons.4. Many of the streets are a good deal less than six feet wide, the houses are completely windowless, and sore-eyed children cluster everywhere in unbelievable numbers, like clo uds of flies.5. Long lines of women, bent double like inverted capital Ls, work their way slowly across the fields, tearing up the prickly weeds with their hands, and the peasant gathering luce rne for fodder pulls it up stalk by stalk instead of reaping it, thus saving an inch or two o n each stalk.6. The peasants possess no harrows, they merely plough the soil several times over in dif ferent directions, finally leaving it in rough furrows, after which the whole field has to be shaped with hoes into small oblong patches, to conserve water.7. Then for the first time I noticed the poor old earth-coloured bodies, bodies reduced to bones and leathery skin, bent double under the crushing weight.8. Their splendid bodies were hidden in reach-me-down khaki uniforms, their feet squash ed into boots that looked like blocks of wood, and every tin hat seemed to be a couple of sizes too small.9. This wretched boy, who is a French citizen and has therefore been dragged from the f orest to scrub floors and catch syphilis in garrison towns, actually has feelings of reveren ce before a white skin.Lesson Three Pub Talk and the King' s English1. The charm of conversation is that it does not really start from anywhere, and no one h as any idea where it will go as it meanders or leaps and sparkles or just glows.2. Suddenly they see the moment for one of their best anecdotes, but in a flash the conv ersation has moved on and the opportunity is lost.3. The fact that their marriages may be on the rooks, or that their love affairs have been broken or even that they got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern. （这是一个主语部分很长的句子。

Aabuse (v.) :滥用；辱骂，accessible (adj.) :易接近的acme (n.) : 顶点，极点acquittal (n.) :释放，宣判无罪，adjoining (adj.) 隔壁的：毗连的；admen (n.) : 广告员admixture (n.) : 混合(状态) adversary (n.) : 对手敌方advocacy (n.) : 拥护；提倡；afflict (v.):使痛苦．折磨airtight (adj.) : 天衣无缝的alabaster (n.) : 雪花石膏alchemy (n.) :炼金术；魔力alliance (n.) : 联盟almighty (adj.)全能的amenity (n.) : (地方,气候等的)舒适,宜人;温柔analogy (n.) :类比ancillary (adj作为助手的辅助的anecdote (n.) :轶事，逸事anew (adv.) :重新，再animus (n.) : 仇恨，憎恶；antiseptic (adj.) :冷静的；超然的；客观的apparatus (n.) : 组织；机构；appendicitis (n.) 阑尾炎arbiter (n.) : 仲裁人arm (n.) : 兵种；军种assemblage (n.) :集合，会合astir (adj.) : 起来的；有活动力的astute (adj.)精明的；狡猾的asunder (adv.分成碎片；分散at odds : 意见不一致attic (n.) :顶楼，阁楼automation (n.)自动，自动化Bbanal (adj.) : 陈腐的；平庸的；bar (v.):小节线; 小节barbarity (n.) : 残暴，野蛮bathtub (n.):浴盆batten (n.):用压条钉住beachhead (n.) :滩头堡，bearing (n.) 举止，风度，beckon (v.) :招手、点头招呼beget (v.) : 使产生，引起belabor (v.) 唠唠叨叨地反复讲bellow (v.)愤怒或疼痛大声叫bilingual (adj.) :两种语言的bilk (v.) : 欺骗，蒙骗blackmailer (n.) 敲诈者blast (n.): 一股(气流)；blubber (v.) :小孩般大声哭blueprint (n.) :蓝图boatload (n.) : 一船货、旅客boutique (n.) : 时装精品店bracing (adj.) :令人振奋的breakthrough突破；重大发现breed (n.) :种类，类别，类型breeding (n.) :良好的教养brief (n.) :诉讼摘要；辩护状brittle (adj.(声音)尖利的，刺耳的brusque (adj.) 粗暴的，鲁莽的；唐突的bush (adj.) :粗俗的；乡下的Ccabana (n.) : 简易浴室cadence .抑扬顿挫；声调节奏calculating (adj.) :精明的callous (adj.) :无同情心的；canny (adj.) :谨慎的；机警的canteen (n.):赈灾处capital (adj.) :死刑的carnival(n.) : 狂欢，尽情作乐carriage (n.) :举止；姿态casino (n.) : 俱乐部，娱乐场catchy (adj.) : 醒目、引人注意的cedar (n.): 雪松(属)cerebral (adj.) 理智行事的chimpanzee (n.) 黑猩猩chink (n.) :缝隙；裂口chirp (v.) :嘁嘁喳喳地说chunk (n.) :一厚块(肉、木头)churl (n.) : 农民；庄稼人，civility (n.) : 礼貌，客气clone (v.) : 无性繁殖coil (v.):盘绕•卷coin (v.) 编造；杜撰commute (v.) :减刑；减轻责任compulsive adj强迫的；concede (v.) : 承认condescending (adj.) : 表示屈尊的；(尤指)以恩人自居的，屈尊俯就的condone (v.) :原谅，赦免congenial (adj.) :适合的；惬意的；令人愉快的conjecture (n.) 猜测，推测，constellation (n.) :星座；contrite (adj.) :懊悔、忏悔的controversial (adj.引起争论conversationalist (n.) :交谈者；健谈者convict (n.) : 罪犯conviction (n.) : 深信，信服corny (adj. 过时的；陈腐的course (n.行为；品行；做法covet (v.) :垂涎；觊觎cower (v.):蜷缩；退缩craze (n.) :风行一时的东西cretin (n.) :愚侏病者；傻瓜criminology (n.) :犯罪学；cripple (v.) 损伤；使丧失活动能力；使失去战斗力；削弱cutthroat (n.) :凶手；谋杀者Ddandelion 蒲公英(属)debri (复：debris )(n.): 瓦砾deem (v.) : 想；认为；相信deficiency (n.) :缺乏，缺少，deliberative adj.审议、评论的delinquency (n.) :玩忽职守；delve (v.) :发掘；调查(研究)demagogy (n.) : 煽动，鼓动，demolish (v.):破坏；毁灭deplore (v.) : 懊悔；遗憾；痛惜deposit (v.) :放下，搁下desist (v.) :停止desultorily (adv.) : 随意地；无目的地detached (adj.) :公正的，超然detention (n.) :拘留；扣留；deter (v.) :阻拦；制止；吓住devastate (nv.)毁坏；使荒芜diet (n.) : 国会，地方议会dimension (n.) 体积，容积，面积；范围，规模；方面diminish (v.):使变小；减少dipper (n.) :长柄杯discharge (v.) :释放；解除怀疑；允许出院disclose (v.) : 透露，泄露；disintegrate (v.):碎裂douse (n.): 使浸透；dwarf (v.) :使矮小、无足轻重dynamism (n.) :推动力；活力，dynamo (n.) :发动机Eedict (n.) : 法令；命令；布告efface (v.) : 从表面擦掉egotist (n.) : 利己主义者embattle (v.) : 准备战斗ember (n.[常用复]余烬,余火enclave (n.) 在大文化团体中的一少数派集团encroach (adj.) : 侵占，占用(别人的时间)；侵犯(别人的权力、财产等)endeavor (n.) 努力，尽力engulf (v.) :吞没，压倒enterprising (adj.) 有进取心的estrange (n.) : 使疏远；使失和euthanasia (n.) : 安乐死excoriate (v.) 痛斥，痛骂exemplar (n.) : 模范，典范；exhilarate (v.) :鼓舞；使兴奋exquisite (adj.)优美的，高雅的，extinguish (v.): 熄灭(火等)exultant (v.) :兴高采烈的1Ffacetious (adj.) : 滑稽的；开玩笑的fad (n.) :一度时髦的风尚faddist (n.) :赶时髦的人fallacious (adj.) : 谬误的fallacy (n.) 谬论，谬见；错误fashion (v.) :塑造；做成fathom (v.) : 测深；追根究底；ferocity (n.): 凶恶，暴行festoon (v.):装饰flaccid (adj.) :不结实的；foe (n.) : 敌人foothold (n.) :立足点，据点forbearance (n.) :容忍，忍耐forebear (n.) 祖先，祖宗forfeit (v.) :(因犯罪、过失、失职等而)丧失；被迫放弃，被剥夺forge (v.) : 稳步前进；形成；结成formulate (v.) : 系统地阐述fortitude (n.)坚韧不拔，刚毅fracture (v使着迷fraught (adj.) :充满…的；fringe (n.) :外围，边缘；边界frivolity (n.) : 轻率；轻浮；Ggamely (ad勇敢、不屈不挠地gamy (adj.) 有猎物气味的；garble (v.) : 断章取义；歪曲gaudy (adj.) :华丽而俗气的gear (n.) :汽车等的排挡generator (n.发电机，发动机generosity (n.) : 慷慨；glamour (n.) : 人的魅力；物、景色的吸引力，迷惑力glum (adj.) :闷闷不乐的gravy (adj.) : 肉汁，调味汁greasy (adj.) 涂有油脂的；油污的grubby (adj.) :脏的；凌乱的grueling (adj.) :折磨人的；gruff (adj.):粗鲁的，嘶哑的gurgle (v.) :婴儿高兴时发咯咯声Hhamstring (v.) :挑断腿筋；削弱力量harrowing 精神痛苦的；烦恼的hassle (n.) : 混乱heed (v.) : 注意, 留神，留心heir (n.) :继承者；后嗣hinge (v.):靠铰链转动holdout (n.) : 坚固据点hollow—eyed (adj.) :眼窝凹陷的，有黑眼圈的Holy Toledo adj. 好极了homicide (n.) : 杀人huddle (v.): 挤成一团拥挤hulk (n.) :废船hurricane飓风hybrid (adj.) : 混合的；杂种的hype (n.) 欺骗；骗局(尤指大肆宣传，大做广告)hypnotize (v.) : 使着迷，迷住hypothesis (n.) :假设；前提Iidentity (n.) :个性；特征immune (adj.) :不受影响的implausible (adj.) 似乎无理的，难以置信的，似乎不可能的implore (v.):恳求，哀求，乞impotent (adj.)无力、虚弱的；inaccessible (adj.) 进不去的inaugural (adj.)就职(典礼)的incarceration (n.)关押，监禁incorrigible (adj.) :不可救药的；incredulous (adj.) :怀疑的indignation (n.) :愤慨，义愤indulge (v.) :沉迷于；从事于inexorable (adj.) : 不屈不挠infallible (adj.) :不会犯错误的；可信赖的；确实可靠的infamy (n.) : 丢脸，耻辱；infamy (n.) :臭名昭著；丢脸；inkwell (n.) :墨水池inmate (n.) :同住者(现尤指同狱犯人，同院病人等)intangible adj.模糊的；不明确的intercept (v.) : 拦截；截断；intimate (n.) : 密友，知己intricate (adj) 复杂/难懂的invective (n.) : 抨击；辱骂invoke (v.) : 恳求，乞求irrevocable (adj.)不能取消的，不可废止的；不可变更的Jjagged 锯齿状；参差不齐的jar (n.) :抵触；冲突；不调和，jingle (n.) 具有简单韵律的诗句jitterbug (n.) : 吉特巴舞；[喻]变化无常的人jostle (v.) : 拥挤；用肘推；撞juxtaposition (n.)并列，并置Kken (n.) : 视野；认识；理解；kick (n. :高兴，兴奋knot-head (n.笨蛋，痂汉Llanguish (v.) : 受折磨，受苦languish (v.) :萎靡不振；倦怠lash (v.):冲击；拍打laxative (n.) :通便剂lean—to (n.): 单坡屋顶let—up (v.) 放松(努力)；中止limp (adj.) :柔软的litter (n.): 小崽子loom (v.) :隐约出现ludicrous (n.) :荒谬可笑的lukewarm (n.) 液体等微温的Mmain (n.):总管making (n素质；内在因素malleable (ad柔顺的；易适应的；mania (n.) :狂热；热衷maniac (n.) :疯子；狂人marksman (n.) :射手maroon (av.):使处于孤立无援的处境mattress (n.):床垫；meander (v.) :漫步；闲逛meliorist (n.) : 社会向善论者metropolis (n.) :大城市miscarriage (n.) :失败；审判错误；未得到预期的结果mischance (n.) :不幸；灾难misstep (n.) : 失足；失误，mitigate (v.缓和；镇静；减轻modulate (v.) 声音转调、变低mongrel (n.) : [贬]杂种；motel (n.):汽车旅馆motley (adj.)杂色的；混杂的，mumble (v.) : 喃喃地说；musketeer (n.) : 火枪手Nnag (v.) : (不断责骂、挑剔、抱怨、催促而)使人烦恼narrowly (adv.) :严密地nightspot (n.) : 夜总会notorious (adj.) 臭名昭著的notwithstanding (prep.)尽管Oobscure (v.) : 使黑暗；使朦胧obsessive 分神、被缠住的on the rocks(婚姻)破坏的；失败的ostracism (n.) : 排斥；放逐；outpace (v.) 在速度上超过outset (n.) : 开端；起初Ppacesetter (n.) : 标兵pane (n.):窗格玻璃paradox (n.) :反论paranoia (n.)妄想狂；偏执狂parole (n.) :假释passionnel (adj.) : 激怒的pedantic (adj.) 迂腐的，pejorative (adj.) :轻蔑的；pelt (n.) :毛皮；生皮penetrating (adj.) :锐利的penitentiary n : 监狱；拘留所perpetual (adj.不断的；重复的perspicacious (adj.) 聪颖的；2敏锐的perspiration (n.) :汗peter 逐渐枯竭；渐趋消失pickaninny (n.) :黑人小孩pimp(n.): 皮条客，妓院老板pin—up 其照片可供倾慕者钉在墙上的pitch (v.):拼命干起来pitchblende (n.) :沥青铀矿plush (adj.) :豪华的pocket (n.) : 小块地区；小圈子poker (n.) :拨火棒；火钳precincts (n.) :范围；界线preconception (n.) :偏见preempt (v.) : 先占，先取得prelude (n.) :序言；序幕premise (n.) 前提prescribe (v.) :指示，订立presumptive 推定、假定的presuppose (v.) : 以…为前提prey (n.) : 牺牲品；掠夺品pristine (adj.纯洁的；未受腐蚀的promiscuity (n :混杂性；乱交prop (n.) : 支柱；支持物；撑材prop (v.):支撑；维持；支持prophylactic (adj.) : 预防性proportions (n.) :线条；身材proposition (n.) :提议，提案provocation (n.) :挑衅proximity (地方，时间最接近psychiatry (n.) : 精神病学pummel (n.):(尤指用拳头)连续地打put—down贬低的话；反驳；Qqualm (n.) : 疑虑；不安Rraccoon (n.) :浣熊rack (v.) : 折磨，使痛苦rake (v.):掠过；急速穿过rampage (v.): 横冲直撞rapist (n.) : 强奸犯ratify (v.) :批准；认可rear (v.) :. 抚养；培养recess (n.) : 幽深处隐秘处reel (v.) :倒退，站立不稳reflect (v.): 认真思考；沉思remorse (n.) : 懊悔，悔恨；rendering (n.) : 翻译reproachful (adj.)应受斥责的；可耻的retribution (n.) :惩罚；报答reverent (adj.) :恭敬、虔诚的revulsion (n.) :厌恶，反感rift (n.) : 分裂；失和rigor (n.) :严厉rung (n.) :梯级Ssalvage (v.):雷救•抢救；打捞salvation (n.)救助援救sanctity (n.) :圣洁；不可侵犯sanctuary (n.): 避难所，sanguinary (adj.) :好杀戮的sauerkraut (n.) :泡菜scale (n.) : 天平盘scalpel (n.) :手术刀scamper (v.) :急驰，快跑score (n.) : 宿怨，旧仇scramble (v.): 爬行；攀(登)scruple (n.) : 踌躇；顾忌犹豫scud (v.):疾行；掠过seclusion (n.) 隔绝；孤立；sheaf (n.) : 一捆shed (v.) : (毛发等)脱落shed (v.) :流出；流下shield (n.) :保护人；防护物shudder (n.):战栗signify (v.) :表明；意味sitcom (n.) : situation comedyskipper (n.) :小船的船长skirmish (n.) : 小冲突、战斗skyline以天空背景映出轮廓slant (v.)(使)倾斜；(使)变歪slashing (a.)严厉的；猛烈的smolder (v.) :闷烧；熏烧sojourn (n.) : 旅居；短期访问sorely (adv.) : 迫切地；非常sovereign (adj.) 独立自主的spaghetti (n.): 细条实心面specialty (n.) 特产；特制品specter (n.) : 鬼怪，幽灵spongy (adj.) 海绵(状)的；squalor (n.) : 肮脏；悲惨不幸staffer (n.): 职员stench (n.) :恶臭，臭气sterile (adj.) : 不育的；贫瘠的；无成效的stigma (n.) : 耻辱，污名strangle (v.) : 扼死；勒死；strew (v.) : 撒，撒布strew (v.):散播；被撒满)subculture (n.) :亚文化群subversion (n.) : 颠覆；破坏succumb (v.) : 屈服，屈从surge (v.) 汹涌澎湃sustenance (n.) :食物；营养物swath (n.):刈幅swim (n.) : 潮流，赶时髦swipe (n.):[口]猛击，重击swivel (v.) :旋转Ttaboo (n.) :禁忌；避讳tap (v.) : 开发、发掘tardy (adj.) :慢的，迟到的tart (adj.) :辛辣的；尖酸的；taunt (n.) : 嘲笑，嘲弄，tawdry (adj.) :俗气的；俗丽的；temple (n.) :鬓角tenacious (adj 固执、坚持的，terrace (n.) : 露天平台；阳台testimony (n.) :证明，证据the blues: [口]沮丧；忧郁threshold (n.) : 入门；开始，thrust (n.):猛推tilt (v.): 倾斜；倾侧；翘起tint (v.) : 着上(淡)色topple (v.向前倒；摇摇欲坠trail (v.):渐弱；渐小；渐暗trauma (n.) 心灵创伤tribulation (n.苦难；困苦；忧伤tribunal (n.) : 法庭，法院tryst (n.) :约会；幽会tug (v.) 用力拉，拖tumultuous (adj.) : 喧闹的，(动植物等)turf (n.) : 地盘；势力范围turf (n.) :草皮；草地turnstile (n.) :旋转式栅门tussle (v.) : 扭打Uultimatum (n.) :最后通牒underling (n.) : (通常作蔑词)下属；undoing (n.) :毁灭；破坏unfetter (v.) : 解放；使获得自由unleash (v.) :释放unprecedented (adj前所未有的；unsanitary (adj.) :不卫生unsightly (adj.) :难看的；Vveer (v.) :转向；变向vicarious (adj.) :假想身临其境而感受的villainy (n.) :邪恶；罪行vindicator (n.) : 辩护人vindictive (adj.) :复仇的virility (n.) 男子气概vivacity 快活；活泼；有生气Wwag (v.) :摇摆。

高级英语第二册词汇短语Lesson One Face to Face with Hurricane Camile词汇:✓hurricane (n.): a violent tropical cyclone with winds moving at 73 or more miles per hour,often accompanied by torrential rains,and originating usually in the West Indian region飓风✓lash (v.): move quickly or violently猛烈冲击;拍打✓pummel (n.): beat or hit with repeated blows,esp．with the fist(尤指用拳头)连续地打✓course (n.): a way of behaving;mode 0f conduct行为;品行;做法✓demolish (v.): pull down．tear down,or smash to pieces (a building,etc．),destroy:ruin拉倒;打碎;拆毁;破坏;毁灭✓motel (n.):a hotel intended primarily for those traveling by car, usually with direct access from each room to an area for cars汽车游客旅馆✓gruff (adj.): rough or surly in manner or speech;harsh and throaty;hoarse粗暴的,粗鲁的;粗哑的。

嘶哑的✓batten (n.): fasten with battens用压条钉住(或固定)✓methodically (adv.): orderly,systematically有秩序地;有条理地✓main (n.): a principal pipe, or line in a distributing system for water, gas, electricity, etc(自来水,煤气,电等的)总管✓bathtub (n.): a tub,now usually a bathroom fixture,in which to take a bath浴盆,浴缸✓generator (n.): a machine for changing mechanical energy into electrical energy;dynamo发电机,发动机✓scud (v.): run or move swiftly;glide or skim along easily疾行,飞驰;掠过✓mattress (n.): a casing of strong cloth or other fabric filled with cotton,hair,foam rubber,etc．床垫;褥子✓pane (n.):a single division of a window,etc.,consisting of a sheet of glass in a frame;such a sheet of glass窗格;窗玻璃✓disintegrate (v.): separate into parts or fragments; break up;disunite分裂,分解,裂成碎块✓blast (n.): a strong rush of(air or wind)一股(气流);一阵(风)✓douse (n.): plunge or thrust suddenly into liquid;drench; pour liquid over把…浸入液体里;使浸透;✓brigade (n.): a group of people organized to function. unit in some work(组织起来执行某种任务的)队✓scramble (v.): climb,crawl,or clamber hurriedly爬行;攀(登)✓litter (n.): the young borne at one time by a dog,cat or other animal which normally bears several young at a delivery(狗、猫等多产动物)一胎生下的小动物✓shudder (n.): shake or tremble suddenly and violently,as in horror or extreme disgust震颤,战栗✓ferocity (n.): wild force or cruelty;ferociousness凶猛;凶恶,残忍;暴行✓swipe (n.):a hard,sweeping blow[口]猛击,重击✓maroon (av.): leave abandoned,isolated,or helpless使处于孤立无援的处境✓devastate (nv.): destroy;lay waste;make desolate毁坏,摧毁;使荒芜✓swath (n.): the space or width covered with one cut of a scythe or other mowing device刈幅(挥动镰刀所及面积)✓huddle (v.): crowd,push,or nestle close together。

L 3Pub Talk and the King’s EnglishAbout the Title1) What is King's English?The King’s English---this term is generally regarded by most people as referring to standard /correct English as to grammar and pronunciation. i.e. good English which everyone should try to imitate. When the ruling monarch (['mɔnək]) is a queen, it is called “the Queen’s English”.2) How do you think of the title?The title of this piece is not very aptly chosen. It misleads the readers into thinking that the writer is going to demonstrate some intrinsic (本质的，内在的) or linguistic relationship between pub talk and the kings’English. Whereas the writer, in reality, is just discussing on what makes good conversation. He feels that bar conversation in the pub has a charm of its own.A better title would be “The Art of Good Conversation” or “The Charms of Conversation”.1. Conversation is the most … human activities:More than any other human activities, conversation helps to promote an agreeable, pleasant and informal relationship among people.2. And it is an activity only of humans: And conversation is an activity which is found only among human beings. (Animals and birds are not capable of conversation.)3. However i ntricate …name of conversation: No matter how complicated the manner in which animals make known their intentions to each other, they do not go in for any activity which might rightly be called conversation.4. The charm of conversation … or just glow:Conversation does not need a special topic to start a conversation. Anything may start a good conversation. And once started no one knows how or where it will end. That’s why conversation is delightful and charming.(Here a mixed metaphor is used)*meanders or leaps: (like a stream) flow placidly and aimlessly or flow swiftly and joyously onwards*sparkles or just glows: (like fire) to burn steadily without flame or to burn brightly throwing off sparks5. The enemy good conversation… sth to say: Good conversation is generally spoilt by people who think they have a lot of important things to say.6. Conversation is not for making a point: Conversation is not for persuading others to accept our ideas or point of view.7. There is no winning in conversation: In a conversation one doesn’t try to prove oneself right and the others wrong. We may argue but we needn’t try to convince others that they are wrong and we are right.8. In fact, the best conversationalists…to lose:In fact, a person who really enjoys and is skilled at conversation will not argue to win or force others to accept his point of views.9. They are ready to let it go: They are ready to give up the opportunity to tell one of their best anecdotes because the conversation has moved on to other subjects.10. Per haps it is because … of its own: Perhaps it is because I have spent so much of my time in English pubs that I think bar conversation has a special charm.11. Bar friends are not… other’s lives: People who meet each other for a drink in the bar of a pub are not intimate friends for they are not deeply absorbed in each other’s lives.12.The fact that their marriages… not a concern: It is not a matter of interest or importance if their marriages are breaking up, or their love affairs have been broken or they are just in a bad temper or grouchy (不高兴的) for the day.*on the rock: to be in a condition of ruin [metaphor] comparing a marriage to a ship wretched on the rocks*get up on the wrong side of the bed: (idiomatic expression) be in a bad temper for the day13. They are like musketeers … and feelings:Bar friends, like the three musketeers in Dumas’ novel, do not probe into each other’s lives nor do they try to find out the inmost thoughts and feelings of their drinking companions. *musketeers:[allusion] from Dumas the senior14. the conversation move desultorily… there was a focus: The conversation moved along aimlessly without a focal subject. They talked about the most common things and also made some remarks about the planet Jupiter. Then suddenly a magical transformation took place and there was a focal subject to talk about.15. The glow of the conversation burst into flames: The conversation became spirited (生机勃勃的) and exciting.[metaphor] Conversation is compared to a fire.16. That would settle it:By looking up reference books one could settle the right or wrong of an argument.17. it could still go ignorantly on：The conversation could go on without anyone knowing who was right or wrong.18. It was an Australian who…descendants of convicts:When the speaker explained that the definition was given to her by an Australian, her listeners immediately made some sharp replies, saying it was not surprising to hear Australians talk such nonsense because they were descendents of convicts. (descendents of convicts: implying that the Australians are crude, uneducated people.)19. We had traveled in five minutes to Australia:Though they were in an English pub, they were soon talking about Australia and the Australians. (在五分钟内，大家便像到澳大利亚游览了一趟。