英语句子成分和英语句子结构

英语句子成分和结构分析句子成分主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语主语和宾语一般是名词，谓语是动词。

拿到一个句子以后，首先找到里面的动词，即是谓语，谓语左右两边的名词分别是主语和宾语。

I saw a film yesterday.主谓宾一．主语：一般是名词A mooncake is a delicious, round cake.I don’t know if it will grow.One of them is English.To win the game is difficult.二. 谓语:一般是动词I saw a girl. I love you. You should work hard. You had better take a bus. He is a handsome boy.That is a beautiful flower. This is my book.I have a lot of things to do.五．状语：一般有介词to表示目的，in, on, under 等表示方位He is playing under the tree.（地点）Ten years ago, She began to live in Dalian.(时间) The house is dir ty for the reason that he didn’t clean it.(原因)He buys a gift to make her happy.（目地）If I am not busy tomorrow, I will play football with you. （条件）六.表语：系动词（be动词，感官动词和变化类动词turn，get, become）之后的都叫表语These desks are yellow.We are happy now. It sounds good.It smells nice. Tom is a handsome boy句子结构(S＝主语；V＝谓语；P＝表语；O＝宾语；O1＝间接宾语；O2＝直接宾语；C＝宾语补足语) 一．S十V主谓结构I swim.主谓They listened carefully．My homework has finished.二．S十V十O主谓宾结构I saw a film yesterday.主谓宾They found their home easily .They have taken good care of the children．三．S十V十F主系表结构（系动词）He is old.主系动表语The story sounds interesting.主系动词表语The desk feels hard He becomes a teacher．The trees turn yellow in the autumn.四．S十V十IO十DO主谓加间接宾语加直接宾语结构He gave me a book.主谓间宾直宾He brought me a pen. He offered me his seat He got me a chair五．S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构）They made the girl angry.主谓宾宾补angry是对the girl的补充说明They found her happy that day．I saw him in.I heard the glass broken just now.句子成分练习题( 一)(一). 指出下列句中主语的中心词① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.② There is an old man coming here.③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.(二) 选出句中谓语的中心词① I don't like the picture on the wall.A. don'tB. likeC. pictureD. wall② The days get longer and longer when summer comes.A. getB. longerC. daysD. summer③ Do you usually go to school by bus?A. DoB. usuallyC.goD. bus④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.A. will beB. meetingC. the libraryD. afternoon⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?A.DidB. twinsC. haveD. breakfast⑥ Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.A. TomB. didn'tC. doD. his homework⑦ What I want to tell you is this.A. wantB. to tellC. youD. is⑧ We had better send for a doctor.A. WeB. hadC. sendD. doctor⑨ He is interested in music.A. isB. interestedC. inD. music⑩ Whom did you give my book to?A. giveB.didC. whomD. book(三) 挑出下列句中的宾语1.My brother hasn't done his homework.2. People all over the world speak English.3.You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.4.How many new words did you learn last class?5.Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?6.The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.7.They made him monitor of the class.8.Go across the bridge and you will find the museum on the left.9.You will find it useful after you leave school.10.They didn't know who "Father Christmas" really is.(四) 挑出下列句中的表语① The old man was feeling very tired.② Why is he worried about Jim?③ The leaves have turned yellow.④ Soon They all became interested in the subject.⑤ She was the first to learn about it.(五) 挑出下列句中的定语① They use Mr, Mrs with the family name.② What is your given name?③ On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3.④ I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.⑤ The man downstairs was trying to sleep.(六) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语①She likes the children to read newspapers and books.② He asked her to take the boy out of school.③ She found it difficult to do the work.④ They call me Lily sometimes.⑤ I saw Mr Wang get on the bus.⑥Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?(七) 挑出下列句中的状语① There was a big smile on her face.② Every night he heard the noise upstairs.③ He began to learn English when he was eleven.④ The man on the motorbike was travelling too fast.⑤With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off. ⑥ She loves the library because she loves books.⑦ I am afraid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it.⑧The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.(八) 划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语① Please tell us a story.② My father bought a new bike for me last week.③ Mr Li is going to teach us history next term.④ Here is a pen.Give it to Tom.⑤ Did he leave any message for me?句子成分练习题( 二)指出下列句子中划线部分的句子成分：1. Whether we’ll go depend on the weather .2. People’s standards of living are going up steadily .3. That was how they were defeated.4. The nursery takes good care of our children .5. I’ll return the book to you tomorrow .6. The woman with a baby in her arms is his other .7. There are many film that I’d like to see.8. Have you met the person about whom he was speaking ?9. I have a lot of work to do .10.We can send a car over to fetch you .11.She had to work standing up .12.Seeing this ,some comrades became veryworried .13.The bus arrived ten minutes late .14.Some farmers saw something strange in thesky .15.We think it necessary that everyone shouldattend the meeting .16.It’s strange that she doesn’t come today .17.It was in the library that I come today .18.He likes drawing at times when he isn’tworking .19.We left in such a hurry that we forgot to lock thedoor.。

英语语法之句子成分及句子结构一、句子成分组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分.句子成分包括主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语等。

主语和谓语是句子的主体部分（在英文中一般的句子必须有主语和谓语）。

即：句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补语和同位语1 . 主语（subject)主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。

但在there be结构、疑问句和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。

主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。

找出句中主语The sun rises in the east. 名词Twenty years is a short time in history. 数词The poor are now living in the shelter.名词化的形容词Seeing is believing。

动名词To see is to believe. 不定式He likes dancing. 代词What he needs is a book。

句子（主从）It is necessary to master a foreign language.2谓语：：说明主语的动作、状态和特征；动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。

（1）简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成I saw the flag on the top of the hill. He looked after two orphans.（2）复合谓语由情态动词或助动词+动词;He can speak English well. She doesn’t seem to like dancing3宾语:动作的对象或承受者—-及物动词或介词的宾语,即动宾&介宾,常用名词或相当于名词的词(动词不定式或动名词）、代词和数词充当Show your passport，please. 名词She didn’t say anything. 代词How many do you want? - I want two. 数词I enjoy traveling. 动名词He pretended not to see me。

句子成分和基本句子结构英语学习的四原则：全（记得要全）、熟（熟练）、精（总结精华）、活（活学活用）什么叫句子成分呢？句子的组成成分叫句子成分。

在句子中，词与词之间有一定的组合关系，按照不同的关系，可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。

句子成分由词或词组充当。

现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种，即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。

英语的基本成分有七种：主语（subject）、谓语（predicate）、表语（predicative）、宾语（object）、定语（attribute）、状语(adverbial) 和补语（complement）。

【附着在表面上，单独存在没有意义】一个完整的英语句子，至少由两部分组成（祁使句除外）——主语和谓语。

主语是一个句子叙述的主体，表明这句话描述的是什么，谓语则用以说明主语的情况，它在人称和单复数形式上应与主语保持一致。

除了主语和谓语，句子有时还需要其他的成分，如用在系动词后表明主语性质，特征，状态或身份的表语，用在及物动后，表示行为对象或结果的宾语，修饰或限定名词或代词的定语，修饰动词形容词副词介词短语或全句的状语以及对一个名词或代词作进一步解释的同位语等。

英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。

掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。

英语五种基本句型列式如下：一：ＳＶ（主＋谓）二：ＳＶＰ（主＋系＋表）三：ＳＶＯ（主＋谓＋宾）四：ＳＶｏＯ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）五：ＳＶＯＣ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）基本句型一：ＳＶ（主＋谓）主语：可以作主语的成分有名词（如boy），主格代词（如you），数词，名词化的形容词，动词不定式，动名词或从句。

主语一般在句首。

注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家！谓语：谓语由动词构成，是英语时态、语态变化的主角，一般在主语之后。

不及物动词（vi.）没有宾语，形成主谓结构，如：We come.此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思，不能再接对象（即宾语），这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等作状语。

句子成分和句子结构----认识英语句子的构成一、句子成分组成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。

句子成分主要有主语、谓语、宾语、同位语、定语、状语、补足语、呼语和插入语等。

构成句子的主要部分是主语和谓语。

表语、宾语和补足语是谓语的组成部分。

其他成分如定语、状语、同位语是句子的次要成分。

1．主语主语是谓语动作或状态的执行者，指的是“谁”或“什么事”。

常用作主语的词类有：名词（短语）、代词、数词、名词化的形容词，不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）和从句。

George is a born leader. （名词）Nobody knew what had happened. （代词）Two of us will attend the conference tomorrow. （数词）The young are always willing to accept new things. （名词化的形容词）To go the bed early and to get up early is a good habit. （不定式短语）Losing his new MP4 made Tom very sad. （动名词短语）What we can’t get seems better than what we have. （名词性从句）2.谓语谓语用来描述主语的行为动作或所处的状态，说的是“做什么”或“怎么样”，谓语动词有人称、数、时态和语态等的变化。

Father cooks very well.My sister has worked in the company for five years.Our school is becoming more beautiful.The World Expo is well organized.3.宾语宾语是动作的承受者，指的是“做”的内容。

英语有单宾语、双宾语、复合宾语、同源宾语等。

【导语】在世界经济全球化及中国加⼊WTO的形势下,社会需要⼤量能够⽤英语在国际上进⾏科技、经贸、法律和⽂化等⽅⾯交流的专业⼈才。

以下是由⽆忧考精⼼收集了英语语法句⼦结构，供⼤家欣赏学习!【篇⼀】英语语法句⼦结构 句⼦的成分 1.定义：组成句⼦的各个部分叫做句⼦的成分，即：主语、谓语、表语、宾语、宾语补⾜语、定语和状语。

主语和谓语是句⼦的主体部分。

表语、宾语、宾语补⾜语都是谓语⾥的组成部分。

句⼦成分意义例句 主语表⽰句⼦所说的是"什么⼈"或"什么事物"，⼀般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词或短语等充当。

Lucy is an American girl . We study in No.1 Middle School . 谓语说明主语"做什么"、"是什么"或者"怎么样"。

谓语(谓语部分⾥主要的词)⽤动词。

谓语和主语在"⼈称"和"数"两⽅⾯必须⼀致 We love China . / She is singing . Mike hopes to be a doctor . / His parents are farmers . 表语说明主语是什么或者怎么样，由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语等充当，和连系动词⼀起构成谓语。

Her aunt is a driver . / Are you ready ? We were at home last night . 句⼦成分意义例句 宾语表⽰动词、⾏为的对象，由名词、代词或相当于名词的词、短语等充当，和及物动词⼀起说明主语做什么。

He often helps me . / We study English at school.( 励志天下 ) Did you see him yesterday ? 定语⽤来修饰名词或代词。

英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习❖简单句的五个基本句型❖主语＋不及物动词She came．.❖主语＋及物动词＋宾语She likes English.❖主语＋系动词＋主语补语She is happy．❖主语＋动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语She gave John a book．She bought a book for me.❖主语＋动词＋宾语＋宾语补语She makes her mother angry．The teacher asked me to read the passage.❖主谓宾❖名／代－－动词－－名／代we-- saw --you.we-- did --the work.❖主系表❖名／代－系动词－形容次／名词／代词you are beautifulyou seems worried.you are a stufent.❖相同点都三部分，主语也一样．不同动词和系动词，时态一样，否定式不同．动词加助动词，系动词不用．表语可以是形容词，宾语不行．只有宾语有补足语❖2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：❖主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。

❖1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。

通常用名词或代词担任。

如：I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐)❖2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。

主要由动词担任。

如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间)❖3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。

通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。

如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍)❖4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。

通常由名词或代词担任。

如：He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词)❖有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。

英语句子成分与句型结构划分一、句子成分划分<1> 句子成分的分类1.Subject (主语) The sun rises in the east.2.Predicate.（谓语）We study English.3. Object（宾语）We love China.4. Predictive（表语）We are Chinese.5.Attributive/Attribute（定语）This is a difficult problem.pletement(补语) We elected him monitor.7.Adverbial（状语）He runs fast.8.Appositive（同位语）This is Miss Zou, my teacher.9.Parenthesis（插入语）To be frank, I don’t agree with you.1. 主语:主语表示句子要说明的人或事物。

一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词或短语充当。

如1)The students study hard.2)He usually goes to school at 7:30.3)One and one make two.4)To tell a lie is wrong.5)Learning a foreign language takes a long time.6)Who taught you English last year?2. 谓语:说明主语的动作或状态。

谓语和主语在“人称”和“数”两方面必须一致(1) 由动词的各种时态语态表示。

1) He goes to school every day. 2) They are swimming.3) She caught up with the others very quickly.4) This kind of machine is made in China.(2) 由“情态动词+动词原形”表示。

英语句型结构与句子成分划分高一英语初高中衔接练习第二讲英语句型结构与句子成分划分一、句子类型(1)、简单句：只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语动词（或并列谓语动词）构成的句子。

1) 简单句的类别1.陈述句（肯定句、否定句）2.疑问句（一般、特殊、选择、反意3.祈使句4.感叹句（How + adj. ( +S + V) ! What + n. ( +S + V) !2) 简单句的基本词序主语谓语宾语状语I bought a hat yesterday.The children ran home.The taxi driver shouted at me angrily.We ate our meal in silence.The car stopped suddenly.A young girl walked confidently on the stage.(2)、并列句：由两个或两个以上等立而又相互独立的简单句构成，两个简单句由并列连词连在一起。

其结构是：简单句+并列连词+简单句1. I help him and he helps me .2. He failed many times but he wasn’t discouraged.3. We must hurry, or we shall miss the train.4. Not only did he write to us but also he came here yesterday.5. Either he didn’t speak clearly or I didn’t hear well.(3)、复合句：简单句中的某一个成分由一个句子来充当。

1.名词性从句：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句1) What he said just now is right. 2) He said that he had seen the film.3) This is why he didn’t go to school.4) The news that he has passed the exam made me happy.引导名词性从句的连词有:that, which, if, whether, who, whom, whose, when ,how, where, why, ever. 2.修饰性（形容词性）从句：定语从句1) The man who is standing there is White.2) The building which was built is a school. 3) This is the place where I lived.引导定语从句的连词有：that, which, who, whom, whose, when, where, why.3. 副词性从句：状语从句(条件、时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、方式、比较、让步状语从句）引导状语从句的连词有：2when, while, as, as soon as, after, since, until, till, where, if, unless, because, in order that, so…that…, though, wherever, whenever, as …as, not so…as, than二. 句子成分划分<1>. 讨论题: 找出下列句子中相应的成分：1.Subject (主语) The sun rises in the east.2.Predicate.（谓语）We study English.3. Object（宾语）We love China.4. Predictive（表语）We are Chinese.5.Attributive/Attribute（定语）This is a difficult problem.pletement(补语) We elected him monitor.7.Adverbial（状语）He runs fast.8.Appositive（同位语）This is Miss Zou, my teacher.9.Parenthesis（插入语）To be frank, I don’t agree with you.<2> 句子成分的分类1. 主语: 主语表示句子要说明的人或事物。

中考英语句子成分及句子结构和练习每个句子里的词与词之间都有一定的组合关系,按照不同的关系,可以把句子分为不同的成分。

在初中英语中,句子的成分包括主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语七种。

A)句子成分框架图：1.主语功能与位置由……充当例句主语是一个句子的主体，表示所说的是谁或是什么。

主语一般放在句首，有时在特殊句型中主语放在句中或句末。

名词或名词短语Some students don't like doing homework.一些学生不喜欢做家庭作业。

代词He is a doctor.他是一名医生。

数词Three and five is eight.三加五等于八。

the ＋形容词/过去分词The rich should help the poor.富人应该帮助穷人。

动词不定式To see is to believe.眼见为实。

动名词Eating more vegetables is good for your health.多吃蔬菜对你的健康有好处。

从句What he said is not true.他说的不是实话。

(一)用横线画出下列句中主语的中心词。

1.The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.2.There is an old man coming here.3.The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.4.To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.2.谓语功能与位置由……充当例句谓语表述主语的行为动作或所处的状态，常位于主语之后，有人称、时态、语态、数的变化。

动词She practises playing the piano everyday.她每天练习弹钢琴。

英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习❖简单句的五个基本句型❖主语＋不及物动词She came．.❖主语＋及物动词＋宾语She likes English.❖主语＋系动词＋主语补语She is happy．❖主语＋动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语She gave John a book．She bought a book for me.❖主语＋动词＋宾语＋宾语补语She makes her mother angry．The teacher asked me to read the passage.❖主谓宾❖名／代－－动词－－名／代we-- saw --you.we-- did --the work.❖主系表❖名／代－系动词－形容次／名词／代词you are beautifulyou seems worried.you are a stufent.❖相同点都三部分，主语也一样．分歧动词和系动词，时态一样，否定式分歧．动词加助动词，系动词不必．表语可以是形容词，宾语不成．只有宾语有补足语❖2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：❖主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。

❖1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。

通经常使用名词或代词担任。

如：I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐)❖2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。

主要由动词担任。

如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间)❖3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。

通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。

如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍)❖4、宾语暗示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。

通常由名词或代词担任。

如：He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词)❖有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。

英语句子成分与结构英语句子成分（一）句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。

句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。

（二）主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。

但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。

主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。

例如：During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.（名词）We often speak English in class.（代词）One-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词）To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（不定式）Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词）The rich should help the poor.（名词化的形容词）When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.（主语从句）It is necessary to master a foreign language.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）（三）谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。

动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。

谓语的构成如下：1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。

如：He practices running every morning.2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。

如：You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. （2）由系动词加表语构成。

英语句子成分大全英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。

掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。

下面是小编为你整理的有关英语句子成分大全，欢迎阅读!英语五种基本句型列式如下：一： S V (主+谓)二： S V P (主+系+表)三： S V O (主+谓+宾)四： S V o O (主+谓+间宾+直宾)五： S V O C (主+谓+宾+宾补)基本句型一：S V (主+谓)主语：可以作主语的成分有名词(如boy)，主格代词(如you)，动词不定式，动名词等。

主语一般在句首。

注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家!谓语：谓语由动词构成，是英语时态、语态变化的主角，一般在主语之后。

不及物动词(vi.)没有宾语，形成主谓结构，如：We come.此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。

这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。

S │ V (不及物动词)1. The sun │was shining.太阳在照耀着。

2. The moon │rose. 月亮升起了。

3. The universe │remains. 宇宙长存。

4. We all │breathe, eat, and drink. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。

5. Who │cares? 管它呢?6. What he said │does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系。

7. They │talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。

8. The pen │writes smoothly 这支笔书写流利。

基本句型二： S V P (主+系+表)此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。

这类动词叫做连系动词。

系动词分两类：be, look, keep, seem等属一类，表示情况;get, grow, become, turn等属另一类，表示变化。

英语句子结构和成分分析英语句子成分和结构分析句子成分主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语主语和宾语一般是名词，谓语是动词。

拿到一个句子以后，首先找到里面的动词，即是谓语，谓语左右两边的名词分别是主语和宾语。

I saw a film yesterday. 主谓宾一．主语：一般是名词A mooncake is a delicious, round cake. I don’t know if it will grow.One of them is English. To win the game is difficult. 二. 谓语: 一般是动词I saw a girl. I love you. You should work hard. You had better take a bus. Heis a handsome boy. 三．宾语：一般是名词 I saw a cat in the tree. We think you are right. My father bought me a book. We call him TOM. We find the littlegirl in the hill. 四．定语：一般是形容词 That is a beautiful flower. This is my book. I have a lot of things to do. 五．状语：一般有介词to表示目的，in, on, under等表示方位 He is playing under the tree.（地点） Ten years ago,She began to live in Dalian.(时间) The house is dirty for the reason that he didn’t clean it.(原因) He buys a gift to make her happy.（目地） If I am not busy tomorrow, I will play football with you. （条件）六.表语：系动词（be动词，感官动词和变化类动词turn，get, become）之后的都叫表语 These desks are yellow. We are happy now. It sounds good. It smells nice. Tom is a handsome boy 句子结构 (S＝主语；V＝谓语；P＝表语；O＝宾语；O1＝间接宾语；O2＝直接宾语；C＝宾语补足语) 一．S十V主谓结构 I swim. 主谓 They listened carefully．My homework has finished. 二．S十V十O主谓宾结构 I saw a film yesterday. 主谓宾 They found their home easily .They have takengood care of the children．三．S十V十F主系表结构（系动词） He is old. 主系动表语 The story sounds interesting. 主系动词表语 The desk feels hard He becomes a teacher． The treesturn yellow in the autumn. 四．S十V十IO十DO 主谓加间接宾语加直接宾语结构He gave me a book. 主谓间宾直宾 He brought me a pen. He offered me his seat He got me a chair 五．S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构） They made the girl angry. 主谓宾宾补 angry是对the girl的补充说明 They found her happy that day．I saw him in. I heard the glass broken just now. 句子成分练习题( 一 ) (一). 指出下列句中主语的中心词① Theteacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom. ② There is an old man coming here. ③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.④ To do tod ay's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult. (二)选出句中谓语的中心词① I don't like the picture on the wall. A. don't B.like C. picture D. wall ② The days get longer and longer when summer comes. A. get B. longer C. days D. summer ③ Do you usually go to school by bus?A. DoB. usuallyC.goD. bus ④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.A. will beB. meetingC. the libraryD. afternoon ⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast? A.Did B. twins C. have D. breakfast ⑥ Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.A. TomB. didn'tC. doD. his homework ⑦ What I want to tell you is this.A. wantB. to tellC. youD. is ⑧ We had better send for a doctor.A. WeB. hadC. sendD. doctor ⑨ He is interested in music.A. isB. interestedC. inD. music ⑩ Whom did you give my book to?A. giveB.didC. whomD. book (三) 挑出下列句中的宾语1.My brother hasn't done his homework.2. People all over the world speak English.3.You must pay good attention to your pronunciation. ⑥ She loves the library because she loves books. ⑦ I am afraid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it.⑧ The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.(八) 划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语① Please tell us a story.② My father bought a new bike for me last week. ③ Mr Li is going to teach us history next term. ④ Here is a pen.Give it to Tom.⑤ Did he leave any message for me? 4.How many new w ords did you learnlast class? 5.Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?6.The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.7.They made him monitor of the class.8.Go across the bridge and you will find the museum on the left.9.You will find it useful after you leave school.10.They didn't know who \Christmas\really is.(四) 挑出下列句中的表语① The old man was feeling very tired. ② Why is he worried about Jim? ③ The leaves have turned yellow.④ Soon They all became interested in the subject. ⑤ She was the first to learn about it. (五) 挑出下列句中的定语① They use Mr, Mrs with the family name. ② What is your given name?③ On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3.④ I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor. ⑤ The man downstairs was trying to sleep. (六) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语① She likes the children to read newspapers and books.② He asked her to take the boy out of school. ③ She found it difficult to do the work. ④ They call me Lily sometimes. ⑤ I saw Mr Wang get on the bus.⑥ Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?(七) 挑出下列句中的状语① There was a big smile on her face.② Every night he heard the noise upstairs.③ He began to learn English when he was eleven. ④ The man on the motorbike was travelling too fast. ⑤ With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off.句子成分练习题( 二 )指出下列句子中划线部分的句子成分： 1. Whether we’ll go depend on the weather .2. Peo ple’s standards of living are going up steadily .3. That was how they were defeated.4. The nursery takes good care of our children .5. I’ll return the book to you tomorrow .6. The woman with a baby in her arms is his other .7. There are many film that I’d like to see.8. Have you met the person about whom he was speaking ?9. I have a lot of work to do . 10. We can send a car over to fetch you . 11. She had to work standing up . 12. Seeing this ,some comrades became veryworried .13. The bus arrived ten minutes late . 14. Some farmers saw something strange in thesky .15. We think it necessary that everyone should attend the meeting . 16. It’s strange that she doesn’t come today . 17. It was in the library that I come today . 18. He l ikes drawing at times when he isn’t working . 19. We left in such a hurry that we forgot to lock the door.感谢您的阅读，祝您生活愉快。

英语句子成分和句子结构分析之杨若古兰创作语法讲解1认识语法一、英语语法分为两大部分词法（微观遣词）；句法（宏观造句）01词法（微观遣词）1. 实词：有实际意义的词.名词n.：表事物名称动词vi./vt.：行为，动态.vi.不及物动词，本人可以表达完好意义，后面不须要带宾语vt.及物动词，本人没法表达完好意义，后面必须带宾语描述词adj.：润色n.代词Pron.：代替n.数词num.：表数量（基数词），表顺序（序数词）2. 实词：没有实际意义的词.介词prep.：说明词与词之间的关系连词conj.：说明句子与句子之间的关系冠词art.：在n.前，限制n.感叹词int.：表达感叹02句法（宏观造句）5.句子的类型：简单句，并列句，复合句6.复合句：名词性从句，定语从句，状语从句二、语法四大准绳1. 词性决定词用2. 同类同用同品种型的词，用法不异，越细分，越分歧3. 动词即句魂句子里最主要的是谓语，谓语部分最主要的就是动词4. 举一反三由表及里，发掘句子结构，归属；认识句籽实质，由点及面，放大到句群.语法精讲2The sun(名词n.) rises in the east.We(代词pron.) are friendsTwenty years(数词num.) is a short time in history.Seeing（动名词）is believingTo be a teacher (不定式)is my dreamWhat he needs (句子)is a book 主语从句It （方式主语）is time to go home（真实的主语）方式主语是为坚持句子平衡谓语：暗示主语的行为或形态，经常使用动词或动词词组担任，放在主语的后面Westudy(实意动词) English！I can（情态动词） do it!I don’t（助动词） know!He is（系动词） asleep.宾语：暗示谓语行为的对象，常由名词，代词或相当于名词的词担任，普通放在及物动词或者介词以后.I play with him(代词)I like china （名词）How many do you need? —— we need two（数词）I enjoy working with you （动名词）I hope to see you again（不定式）Did you write down what he said ?（句子）Under the snow（介宾短语）,there are many rocks.He gave me（间接宾语）a book（直接宾语）yesterday表语：用来说明主语的性质或形态，普通由名词或者描述词担任.凡是系动词(be 动词,感官动词等)出现的地方，后面肯定带着表语He is a teacher(名词)Seventy-four !you don’t look it（代词）Five and five is ten（数词）He is asleep（描述词）This picture is on the wall（介词短语）My watch is missing/lost （描述词化的分词）To wear a flower is to say“I’m poor ,I can’t buy a ring”(不定式)The question is whether they will come（句子）语法精讲3定语：用来润色或者限制名词的成分，经常使用描述词或者相当于描述词的短语或者从句担任，描述词放在名词前面.相当于描述词的短语或者从句放在名词后面.He is a clever boyThis is an apple treeThere are ten students in our classShe is Tom’s sisterHe bought some sleeping pillsThe girl in red is his sisterWe have a lot of work to doThe girl standing under the tree is his daughterDo you know the man who spoke just now.状语：用来说明动词，描述词，副词或者全部句子的成分.常由副词担任.润色动词可放动词前，也可放在动词后；润色描述词或者副词时放在他们前面.动词的八个形态：时间，地点，缘由，形态，目的，结果，方式，程度The students study hardI often write to himHe wrote with a red pencilHe went to see a filmThe students went away laughingI’ll write to you as soon as I get there .补语：暗示弥补说明，老是跟着宾语跑I found a book lying on the floor.Do you smell something burning?She asked me to go with her.独立成分：同位语，感叹语Bruce，my English teacher ,is a cool manThat’s great!语法精讲4简单句的5种基本结构通过一个恋爱故事把握5种简单句.1，主语+谓语：She comes.2，主语+系动词+表语 She is lovely.3，主语+谓语+宾语 I love her.4，主语+谓语+间宾+直宾 I gave her a rose.5，主语+谓语+宾语+宾补 I made her happy.三大句子结构类型1，简单句Frank and Eric are good friends.I make and have breakfast.2，并列句I like English , but I don’t like math.I hate grammar,while he loves it.3，复合句What she does is not good.The man who has an umbrella in his hand is my uncle.When you finish the work,you may go out to play with Sam.语法精讲5简单句Tom’s father bought him a new bike yesterday.I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday.The man over there is my old friend.The meat went bad because of the hot weather.Kate’s uncle lives in a village.He studies hard to learn English well.Grandma told me an interesting story last night.John’s father ,Mr black ,is a lawyer.We always go to school early.He always makes me cry in this situation.并列句句子+句子，并列关系You help him and he helps you.Hurry up,or you’ll be late .I am thirsty,for it is hot.复合句一个句子在另一个句子里充当了必定的成分.句子套句子,主从关系What she likes is watching TV. 主语从句Do you know how much the house is. 宾语从句That is what I want to tell you. 表语从句It’s a questi on how he did it. 同位语从句The man whom you talk with is my friend. 定语从句If I am free,I will go shopping . 条件状语从句四种句子类型：01陈述句（肯定，否定）疑问句（普通，特殊，选择，反义）祈使句：命令，请求，请求.普通会略去主语，动词开头感叹句：how/what 开头How clever the boy is ! What a nice day it is!。

句子成分一、句子成分句子成分：组成句子的各个部分叫作句子成分。

即：主语、谓语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语和同位语。

主语和谓语是句子的主体部分。

表语、宾语、宾语补足语都是谓语的组成部分。

1、主语：是表示句子所说的是“什么人”或“什么事物”，一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词、短语和从句等充当。

例如：Mr. Cheng is an English teacher.程先生是英语教师He teaches English in No. 5 Middle School. 他在五中教英语。

To be a good teacher is not easy. 要当一位好老师并不容易。

The accused was sentenced to death．被指控者被判处死刑。

Her beloved died in the war. 她敬爱的人死于战场。

What he said is reasonable. 他说的话有道理。

2、谓语：是说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或者“怎么样”。

谓语（谓语部分里的主要词）用动词。

谓语和主语在“人称”和“数”两个方面必须保持一致。

例如：We love China. 我热爱中国。

Mr. Cheng hopes to be a good teacher.程先生希望当一位好教师。

3、表语：是说明主语是什么或者怎么样。

由名词、代词、数词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词、短语或从句等充当，和连系动词一起构成谓语。

例如：My father is a teacher. 我父亲是教师。

His work is to teach English . 他的工作是教英语。

Are you ready? 你准备好了吗？That’s what I should do. 这是我应该做的。

4、宾语：是表示动作行为的对象。

由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词或相当于名词的词、短语或从句等充当宾语，和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。