实验4 继承与派生班级学号（最后两位）姓名成绩一、实验目的1.熟练掌握类的继承,能够定义和使用类的继承关系2.掌握派生类的声明与实现方法3.掌握类构造函数的初始化列表与作用域分辨率的使用方法4.理解虚基类在解决二义性问题中的作用.二、实验内容1．定义一个基类有姓名、性别、年龄，再由基类派生出教师类和学生类，教师类增加工号、职称和工资，学生类增加学号、班级、专业和入学成绩。
2．声明一个哺乳动物Mammal类，再由此派生出狗Dog类，声明一个Dog类的对象，观察基类与派生类的构造函数与析构函数的调用顺序。
3．定义一个Point类，派生出矩形类Rectangle和圆类Circle，计算各派生类对象的面积Area()。
4．设计一个圆类circle和一个桌子类table，另设计一个圆桌类roundtable，它是从前两个类派生的，要求输出一个圆桌的高度、面积和颜色等数据。
5．定义一个大学生类student，函数私有数据成员：姓名、学号、校名，并为它定义带参数的构造函数，参数带缺省值的构造函数和输出数据成员值的print()公有成员函数，另定义研究生类，它以公有继承方式派生于类student，新增加“研究方向、导师名”两个私有数据成员，并定义带参数的构造函数和输出研究生数据的print()公有成员函数。
在main()函数中定义基类和派生类对象，对类进行测试。
三、实验源程序、测试与结论1．#include<iostream>#include<string>using namespace std;class person{public:person(string name_,char sex_,int age_):name(name_),sex(sex_),age(age_){}void show(){cout<<"name: "<<name<<endl;cout<<"sex: "<<sex<<endl;cout<<"age: "<<age<<endl;}protected:string name;char sex;int age;};class teacher:public person{public:teacher(string name_,char sex_,int age_,int j_n,string job_,int wage_):person(name_,sex_,age_),job_number(j_n),job(job_),wage(wage_){}void show1();private:int job_number;string job;int wage;};void teacher::show1(){cout<<"This teacher is: "<<endl;show();cout<<"job number: "<<job_number<<endl;cout<<"job: "<<job<<endl;cout<<"wage: "<<wage<<endl;}class student:public person{public:student(string name_, char sex_, int age_, int num_, string cla_, string major_, int score_): person(name_,sex_,age_), num(num_), cla(cla_), major(major_), score(score_){}void show2();private:int num;string cla;string major;int score;};void student::show2(){cout<<"This student is: "<<endl;show();cout<<"NO: "<<num<<endl;cout<<"class: "<<cla<<endl;cout<<"major: "<<major<<endl;cout<<"score: "<<score<<endl;}void main(){teacher t("John",'M',28,11111,"math",5000);t.show1();student s("Randy",'M',20,1210034,"BX1205","electron",100);s.show2();}2．#include<iostream>using namespace std;class Mammal{public:Mammal(){cout<<"Constructor Mammal"<<endl;}~Mammal(){cout<<"Mammal will die"<<endl;}};class Dog:public Mammal{public:Dog():Mammal(){cout<<"Constructor Dog"<<endl;}~Dog(){cout<<"Dog will die"<<endl;}};void main(){Dog dog;}3．#include<iostream>#include<math.h>using namespace std;#define PI 3.14class Point{public:Point(float x_=0, float y_=0):x(x_),y(y_){} protected:float x;float y;};class Rectangle:public Point{public:Rectangle(float x_, float y_):Point(x_,y_){}void Area();};void Rectangle::Area(){float area;area=x*y;cout<<"矩形的面积为: "<<area<<endl; }class Circle:public Point{public:Circle(float r_):Point(),r(r_){}void Area();private:float r;};void Circle::Area(){float area;area=PI*r*r;cout<<"圆的面积为: "<<area<<endl; }void main(){float l,w,r;cout<<"请输入长方形的长和宽: ";cin>>l>>w;cout<<"请输入圆的半径: ";cin>>r;Rectangle rectangle(l,w);rectangle.Area();Circle circle(r);circle.Area();}4．#include<iostream>using namespace std;#include<string>#define PI 3.14class circle{public:circle(float r_=0):r(r_){}void Area(){float area;area=PI*r*r;cout<<"圆的面积为: "<<area<<endl;}protected:float r;};class table{public:table(float h_, string color_):h(h_),color(color_){}void show(){cout<<"桌子的高度: "<<h<<'\n'<<"桌子颜色: "<<color<<'\n';}protected:float h;string color;};class roundtable:public circle,public table{public:roundtable(float r_, float h_, string color_):circle(r_),table(h_,color_) {cout<<"这是一个圆桌，它具体属性有: "<<endl;}};void main(){float r, h;string color;cout<<"请输入圆的半径: ";cin>>r;cout<<"请输入桌子的高度和颜色: ";cin>>h>>color;roundtable t(r,h,color);t.show();t.Area();}5．#include<iostream>using namespace std;#include<string>class student{private:string name, school;int no;public:student(string name_,int no_,string school_):name(name_),no(no_),school(school_){} student(){name="John";no=121003400;school="Shanghai University";}void print(){cout<<"大学生的信息如下: "<<endl;cout<<"姓名: "<<name<<endl;cout<<"学号: "<<no<<endl;cout<<"校名: "<<school<<endl;}};class graduate:public student{private:string direction,teacher;public:graduate(string name_,int no_,string school_,string direction_,string teacher_):student(name_,no_,school_),direction(direction_),teacher(teacher_){}void print(){cout<<"研究生的信息如下: "<<endl;cout<<"研究方向: "<<direction<<endl;cout<<"导师: "<<teacher<<endl;}};void main(){student s1;s1.print();student s2("Ranen", 121003411, "SDJU");s2.print();graduate s3("Cachy",121003422, "SDJU","Math","Tom");s3.student::print();s3.print();}。
