oracle 10g新特性中文笔记（Oracle 10g新特性中文笔记）Chapter 1 installation targetComplete this lesson and you will be able to:* list new installation features*list mounting performance increasesInstall new features support*database storage options-file system-automatic storage management (ASM)-bare equipment*database management options-Enterprise Manager grid controller-enterprise manager database controller*database backup and recovery options * email notification options^cluster ready services * cloningOracle 10g reports on the following new installation features:Configure to use oracleasmInstall and configure the new enterprise manager (EM) frameworkIf you choose to use the Oracle Enterprise Manager database controller, you can have the option to configure the default backup policy recommended by OracleIf the Oracle Enterprise Manager database controller you use when installed, you can configure em to send a warning to you know the email address. These warnings include disk space to a non normal or close database boundaries serious.RAC's enhanced. 10g installation supports new features of RAC, especially the installation of Cluster ready servicesOracle's homes can be cloned using the enterprise configuration management tool that comes with grid controlInstallation performance enhancementMemory requirements-no database controller instance 256MDisk requirements-1G swap partition (or two times of Ram)-there's room for 400m in the /tmp directory-Oracle Software is about 0. 5g to 2. 5G-1.2g configurable database (optional)2.4G flashback area (optional)-reduce the total size of the installed database-removed the old optionFully installed, about 20minJust one CDSee the necessary conditions before installationCheck to see if there is enough temporary space -64 bit and 32 bit problems Check the correct OS -check PS's patchSystem packageSystem / kernel parameters -x server license-enough room for change -non empty oracle_home Miscellaneous mounting reinforcementThe sys and system passwords only need to be entered once Clean reverse installationNo documents leftAll files outside -oracle home are clearedRegistry records in -windows are clearedThere are specific 0C4J requirementsThe bidsableStartMenu variable is supported by ISVCD pack contentCompanion CDOracle 9iAS infrastructure CD Oracle Database 10g client Oracle Enterprise manger CD Oracle documentation 10g CD Oracle, database, 10g, demos, CD Companion CD yesHTML DBWorkflowOHSSqlj, jpublisherContext knowledgeLegato Storage Manager ExamplesManagement optionsIf you choose to create the boot database when you install, you can see many screens asking you to configure the following information for the boot databasenameDatabase character setSchema sampleDatabase managementFile storage optionsThe file system stores the files on the OS file system you configureThe ASm ASM file is automatically created and configured, and you can get additional benefits such as mirror orientation, striping, and so onBare device (partition), with no disk partitions on the filesystemBackup and restore optionsWhen installing, you will be prompted for automatic backupPasswordWhen you install, you can set the same password for all users, or you can set them for yourselfThe second chapter server configurationAfter completing this chapter, you will be able to:Describes the functional support of Oracle 10g after using DBCA to install the databaseA subset of initialization parameters is also used to simplify instance configurationInstall sample schema from DBCA (optional)View database usage statistics from OEMStrengthening of DBCADBCA provides fast, fully functional, and ready to use databases for Oracle standards:Automatically create sysaux helper table spacesThe application of flash back, and set the flash backup and recovery strategyOut-of-the-box management databaseAutomatic statistical collectionAutomatic LDAP registrationOracle 10g in order to simplify the future self management activities, the introduction of a number of properties improved. This improvement includes the common architecture of load information and to optimize the performance of the monitoring tools to store all auxiliary metadata and work. These improvements are completely DBCA support and application.The new system belongs to the sysaux table space for all there is no auxiliary database metadata system table space provides a centralized location. It reduces the number ofMoore create table space, both the seed database or user defined database. Dbca now automatically configure the default flashback area, which is the need to restore the files and database the unified storage location for the. Oem database operations, event subsystem is now automatic configuration, reducing the need for manual installation. A new embedding and completely self managing database capture workload information and statistical performance related, thus reducing the cost of the new directory management. Dbca configuration to reduce the need to use the network the API configuration of Idap. ora.Simplified seed databaseSimplified initialization parameters-reduce the sizeOptional installation of sample schemaManaging ASM for automatic storage of disk storage Now the Oracle database configuration easier. Dba only need to pay attention to a few parameters. The parameters are divided into two groups, the basic and advanced parameters. In most cases, in order to get reasonable performance, you need to set or modify the basic parameters, they probably have 20~25. You can configure the ASM DBCA now, the establishment of for Oracle database files and file system and volume instrument longitudinal integration, in order to conventional and Rac environment.Managing with a database controllerIn the DBCA on the screen, you can set up your database using the grid controller or database controller. When you run DBCA, it is to determine the Oracle management agency has been installed on this computer. If there is, you can select from the drop-down box Oracle management service and the grid control option to the central management when. When you complete the installation, the service as the management goal is to start automatically.If you are not the central management of your Oracle environment, you can still use em to manage your database. Em database control when you install the database, automatically install. You can use the DB provided by control based on the characteristics of web to monitor, manage your installed single instance or cluster database. You can also be equipped with EM SysMan users to receive email notifications, when metric to a serious or warning.When you choose DB control,You can also configure the daily backup to the recovery area.SYSAUX and DBCADBCA supports the creation of sysaux table space by forceOn the database storage page, sysaux is the original tablespace folder, and you can change the database file and storage parameters of sysaux by clicking the storage label or the corresponding sysaux entry in the datafile folderData file and storage parameters have default values. But when you click on the finish, DBCA and other seed database will create database events together to create the sysaux table space and its schema, all sysaux table space.Using the enterprise managerstart default console0s> emctl start dbconsoleAccess database controllerHttp://hostname:5500/emTo provide sys/passwd as sysdba;You need to access the EM database controller from a client browser, you must run the dbconsole process. After installation, the dbconsole process is automatically started. Then, if this integration does not start, you can ask the following command to start it manually:1.to $ORACLE HOME/bin directory2.execute the following command: emctl start dbconsoleThen you can open the web browser and enter the following URL - ortnumber/em "TARGET=_blank>http://hostnameortnumber/em”To access EM DB control.Host then your computer's name or address. Portnumber is the port number of EM DB control HTTP, which was specified at the time of installationThe default is 5500, and you can find this value in the$ORACLE_HOME/install/portlist. ini fileIf the instance is started, EM displays the DB control login page. You must log in to the database using the user who authorized access to the DB control. It started with sys users,Use the password of the sys user you identified at the time of installation. Select SYSDBA from the connect as drop-down box and log on. This will appear on the home page of the DB controlDatabase cloneAfter your successful configuration adjustment and testing of new examples, you might need to clone database to an existing Oracle home. EM clone database, you can use the wizard to complete the cloning. To clone a database, you can go to the cloning of the maintenance of the database page, and then click clone in the deployment database. The clone database tool has the following features:The clone database can come from 8.1.7 or later versionsYou can clone when the source database is openThe backup data file, put it to the specified copy Oracle home, and then through the backup of the database file archiving and restore the database to create a new database. The source database is a new database to start the backup as like as two peas.Create a new database instance, password file, set up network file, configure initialization parameter file and SPFILE according to the source instance configuration, then start new instance to open mode under the specified Oracle homeThe clone database tool uses RMAN to complete database cloningMetal ink integrationOEM 10G greatly simplifies installation of patches through built-in metalink integration, and. Em automatically warns you that critical updates and systems need to specify patch annotations. You can use EM patchThe wizard see which temporary patch can be installed. You can also use the patch wizard to select patches and view your system needs this patch. You can see the details of the patch has been readme, directly from the EM follow the steps below to access the patch WizardOneSelect the maintenance tag on the DB control home page2. in the lower deployments areaThe third chapter is loading and unloading datatargetComplete this lesson, and you will:*transmit table space on different platforms*understand the overall structure of the data pump*monitoring data pump operations*using data pumps for import and export*creating external tables for population of data * define surface attributesCross platform transportable table spaceSimplify data distribution between data warehouses and data martsAllows the database to be ported from one platform to anotherSupported platform (omitted)Transportable table spaces across platformsIn previous versions of Oracle, the characteristics of the transportable table space allowed table spaces to migrate between the same architecture and the operating systemThe characteristics of Oracle 10g further let you use transportable tablespaces, transmission platform. This simplified from the data warehouse to distribute data between the supermarket, the supermarket is usually run on the small platform. It also allows the database through the re establishment of the data dictionary and the transmission of the user table space from a platform transfer to another platform.In order to transfer data files from one platform to another, you need to ensure that the source and target systems are running on a supported platform, and that the number of supported platforms is not large...The same character set is requiredMinimum compatibilityBoth source and destination databases must set compatible to 10. 0. 0 or higherThe data file header is platform dependentBefore transmission, make sure that all read-only and offline files are platform - relatedThe two must be the 10g database: read-only and offline means file headers with no log and checkpoint numbersThe process of transmitting tablespaceFrom a platform transfer table space to another platform, the tablespace data file must be converted to the source and the target database can recognize the format. While in 10g, the disk structure meets the common format, but with different high and low in the source and target database is also possible. When you want to transfer to when high and low the different platforms, you need to use the RMAN convert command to convert the high low. This operation can be performed in the target database source can also do.If the high and low levels of the platform are the same, then there is no need to do the conversion. Basically, the process is more consistent than before, unless the platform uses different high and low levelsView the high and low platformsSelect tp.endian_formatFrom v$transportable_platform tp,V$database DWhere tp. platform_name = d. platform_name;Data file conversion: examples (omitted)CLOB exceptionWhen converting high and low places, the CLOB column is skippedChange when you selectYou can use the create table as select to do the conversionChange in dynamic performance viewV$database---------------> PLATFORM_IDPLATFORM_NAMEENDIAN_FORMATV$transportable_platformData pump overviewHigh speed data and metadata server tools modestlyStructure through dbms datapumb callsProvides new areas of export and import tools: expdb, impdb, and web page interfaces Contains the full functionality of the original exp/impData pump general architectureDIRECT PATH API (DPAPI): 10g supports the direct path API interface,This will reduce data conversion and parse time during transshipment and uninstallAppearance services: data pumps use new ORACLE DATAPUMP access drivers, allowing external reads and writes to include binary stream filesThe DBMS METADATA package is used by the worker process to load and unload all metadata. The definition of the database object is stored in XML rather than sql.The DBMSDATAPUMP package contains api. for batch data and metadata migration, high-speed import and export toolsThe Sql*loader client has been integrated into the exterior so that it provides automatic migration of loader control files for external access parametersThe expdp and impdp clients are thin clients that initialize and monitor data pump operations by calling the dbmsdatapump package. Today they introduced new features that are still compatible with the previous exp and impLike DB control, replication, transmission table space and user applications can benefit from the architecture of this. Sqlplus may be to simply query the status of the ongoing operation of the dbms_datapump client providesData pump export import overviewFailure to submit as a background job can continue. Each user has only one process, and data is written to the master tableThe data pump export import tool is a new tool for 10G, although they are similar to the previous exp/imp, but they are separate productsData pump export is a tool for uninstalling data and metadata into an operating system file called the dump file set. The data pump import is used to import metadata and data from the dump file set into the target systemThe data pump API accesses its files at the server side rather than at the clientThese tools can also be used to export data in remote databases, or directly from the source database into the target database. This is the network pattern, which is generally useful inimporting data to read-only databasesAt the core of each data pump operation is the master table (Master, table), the table created when the user runs the data pump job. The main table maintains all the convenience of the jobBased on the export documents, the main table is established, wrote dump file in the last step. On the contrary, the main table into the current user，s schema is the first step of the import operation based on the file, also used to create all of the object to be imported in order.The main table is deleted when the data pump operation is completed normallyThe benefits of data pump import and exportData access methodDirect pathappearanceSeparating and reconnecting to long-running jobsRestart the data pump jobFineness object selectionThe specified version of the displayParallel operations (Enterprise Edition)Estimating export job space consumptionNetwork model in a step by step environmentCalculate the tolerance when importingThe data pump automatically determines how the data is accessed. These can be either direct or externalDoes not affect the operation can be separated or re connected to the long running job can keep you from multiple places to monitor operation. All data can stop pump operation in case of missing data restart, although the original enough information isstill not affected. Whether this job is voluntary or not because of the affection of the stop error have Never mind.The exclude, include, and content parameters are used in fineness object screeningYou can create the dump file set for the object you want to move, knowing the version parameters, so that you will be more compatible with the previous version of Oracle to support the data pump. This parameter is reserved for later versionsYou can also use the parallel parameter to specify the maximum number of job server processes to represent the export in the specified activityYou can also use the estimateonly parameter to estimate how much space the export job will consumeThe network mode allows you to export directly from the remote database to the dump file set, which can be connected to the source database through the databaseIn import fit, you can change the names of target data files, schema, and tablespaceOverview of overall implementationThe client process calls the data pump API. Once the job is started, the client does not need it. Multiple clients can connect or disconnect this job for monitoring or princess workAs for the client login to the Oracle database, you create a shadow process. It is the data pump API request service. When is suitable for dbms_datapump. open requests, shadow create jobs, this work mainly includes the creation of master tables created for various communication process AQ objects, create the main control process. Once the operation, the main task shadow usually includes receiving getstatus requests forcustomers. If the client is disconnected, shadow will not.The master control process controls the execution and sequence of the data pump. It maintains the status of the job, the description of the job, the restart of the main table, and the information about the dump file. This process is called DMnn.After receiving the request to startjob, the main process is based on the value of the parallel parameter to create a lot of work process. Working process of the implementation of MCP is requested to work, home is the loading and unloading of metadata and data. The name is DWnn. processIf the appearance path is the access method for loading and unloading data, the worker process coordinates many parallel server processes based on loading and unloading jobs, making it possible to load and unload within partitionsThe data pump direct path needs to be consideredFineness access control tables are available in insert and select modesThe lob class has a domain indexNow there is a watch for clusteredThe global index of the partitioned table has a single partition for loadingColumns of BFILE or opacity typeReferential integrity constraintThere are varray columns embedded with transparent typesThe data pump supports two access accesses to row data on the tableDirect path using direct path API appearanceThe data pump automatically selects the most appropriate access method for each tableWhen a table structure permits it and expects the largest single flow performance, the data pump uses the direct path to load and unload dataThen, if the above condition appears, or the table contains encrypted columns, or the imported table partitions differently when loading and unloading, the data pump moves data using appearance instead of direct pathData pump file locationThere are three types of data pump filesDump filelog filesql filesAbsolute path is not supportedYou must use the Oracle path objectFile priorityPer-file pathDirectory parameterDatapump dir environment variablesThe dump file contains the data and metadata to be migratedThe log file records the information associated with this operationThe SQL file records the output of the sqlfile operationBecause the data pump is server based rather than client-side, the data pump file accesses the relative path of the oracle. For security reasons, the absolute path is not supportedThe per-file path object must be specified for each dump file, the log file, and the SQL file. They are separated by colonsThe data pump imports and exports the client to specify directory objects through the directory parameter. These path objects describe the location of the file to accessYou can define the environment variable data_pump_dir, specify the directory object name instead of the directory parameter。
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