大学英语综合教程4U6

Book 4 Unit 6 The Pace of Life1) To stimulate consumption, farmers now can buy household appliances with government subsidy.译文：为了刺激消费，农民可以通过政府补贴来购买家用电器。

2）Conventional medicine has concentrated mainly on the treatment of chronic and acute illness, and until recent years the role of preventive(预防性的) medicine has suffered comparative neglect.译文：传统医学一直主要致力于慢性病和急性病的治疗，而且预防医学的作用还一直相对地遭到冷遇，直到近几年这个情况才有所缓解。

3）Cost apart, you should remember that however fancy a fridge is ,it doesn’t kill bacteria (细菌); it only shows down the rate at which they multiply.译文：除去（购买的）费用，你应该记住，不管电冰箱有多别致，它也不能够杀灭死细菌，它只能降低细菌的繁殖速度。

4）The economic planners are seeking to achieve a fairer distribution of wealth throughout society, but it’s easier said than done, I think.译文：经济规划师正设法在全社会实现更为公平的财富分配，但我认为这说起来容易做起来难。

注释：seek to do…意为“设法做…”，相当于try to do…；distribution 意为“分配”5）The town has been producing wool, cloth, and blankets since the 13th century and much of its prosperity today is still founded on those industries.译文：自13 世纪以来，这个城镇一直生产羊毛、布匹和地毯，它今天的许多繁荣兴旺仍然建立在那些工业的基础上。

Unit 6Text comprehensionI. Decide which of the following best states the autho r’s purpose of writing.A.II. Judge. according to the text, whether the following statements are true or false.1. F. Refer to Paragraphs 1.It is true that the flag the narrator hangs draws little attention in Paris, but the reason is not that Parisians or Frenchmen are not interested in flag-hanging in general. Rather, the Independence Day is an occasion special for Americans only and, understandably, the French show little interest in the day or the celebrating flag.2. T. Refer to Paragraph 2.3. F. Refer to Paragraph 3. The author’s children have had little chance of learning the history of the U.S. at school, and the parents as native Americans are the only ones who could have taught them about it. This, however, is not true of children in general in France.4. F. Refer to Paragraph 4. They do not conceal the dark side of the American society but try to keep their children from the follies of the American society like school shootings.5. T. Refer to Paragraph 9-11.6. F. Refer to Paragraph 12. Globalization is both beneficial and detrimental. It helps to blur the clear-cut divide between cultures on the one hand but makes children less than fully immersed in a foreign world on the other.III. Answer the following questions.1. For one thing, flag-hanging is the only thing he can do in Paris to celebrate the Independence Day, which is part of his national heritage. For another, he intends to use it as a special occasion for teaching his children about the American history and as a reminder of their native American identity.2. The children seldom mix languages up because they have acquired French through the school instructions and English through their family life withEnglish-speaking parents. And they seem to know when to use which.3. Refer to paragraphs 4-8. The benefits of raising children in a foreign culture, as the writer suggests, include acquiring a foreign language and culture and avoiding being exposed to the problems of the native culture.4. It is difficult, according to the author, to make the children understand and identify the virtues of their native culture without living in it. Family instructions are not satisfactorily effective and have to be complemented by other means such asre-entering into the native culture and taking children to historical places.5. Because he grew up in a foreign culture and he knows it is quite an issue to know how to raise children in a foreign culture without losing their native identity. He understands that the issue involves the efforts on the part of the parents.6. Globalization is like a double-edged sword to the growth of children in a foreign culture. On the one hand, it helps to reduce differences between the foreign culture and the native culture, and facilitates the physical and spiritual re-entry into the native culture. On the other hand, it unfortunately makes it more difficult than ever for children to be fully immersed in the foreign culture.IV. Explain in your own words the following sentences taken form the text.1. July 4 is one of the times I, as a native American, feel instinctively uneasy about the great gaps in our children’s understanding of their American identity, and thus I am motivated to do something to fill the gaps.2. And living away from our native country does not matter much.3. When I lived in France as an expatriated child, the French kids were dressed in the unique French style, thus looking quite different from their counterparts in other countries.4. Full immersion in a truly foreign world no longer seems possible in Western countries, and I think this is a deplorable impact of globalization upon the growth of children in a foreign country.Structural analysis of the textThe author of this text follows a “specific-general” pattern in his discussion, i.e. he first talks about what it means to his children to hang the national flag of their native land in a foreign country on July 4th every year and then expresses his view on the importance for expatriated people in general to keep their cultural identity, especially when the whole world is undergoing a process of globalization. The specific points can be found in his discussion of the costs and benefits of raising children in a foreign culture in Paragraphs 4-9 while the general conclusion can be found in paragraphs10-12, especially paragraph 12.Vocabulary exercisesI. Replace the underlined words in the sentences with appropriate forms of words chosen from the text.1. pursue2. resonates3. confronted4. clichés5. had suppressed6. has confirmedII. Fill in the blank with the appropriate forms of the given words.1. fluency2. enrollment3. accessible4. obtainable5. personification6.enlightened7.globalization8. promptingIII . Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from the text .1. took pride in2. was immersed in3. resonating with4. had…been exposed to5. in his mind’s eye6. a glimpse of7.convey…to8. turned …toIV. Explain the meaning of the underlined word or phrase in each sentence.1. literature2. joined3. motionless4. more than5. quickly6. desiresGrammar exercisesI. Note the use of the words in italics.Where and when are relative adverbs, introducing relative clauses.II. Complete the following sentences, using where, when or why.1.why2. where3. when4. where5. where6.where7.why8. when III. Rewrite the following sentences, omitting either the antecedent or the relative adverb if possible.1.Sam knows where we are meeting.2./(The omission of the village may cause a loss of information since it carriesspecific message. If we omit where, then we need to insert in after born.)3.Four in the afternoon is the time he always reads./ Four in the afternoon is whenhe always reads.4./(Similar to Sentence 2)5.I don’t know the exact time I should meet him.6.Why he resigned is still unknown.IV. Rank the following sentences according to their degree of formality.More formal—less formal:2 3 1V. Make sentences of your own after the sentences given below, keeping the underlined parts in your sentences.1. He failed in part because of his carelessness.Why exactly she hated him I don’t know, but I think it was in part because he had insulted her.2.There were times when I didn’t know what to do.Can you suggest a time when it will be convenient to meet?3.The beaten enemy had not other choice than to surrender.It’s none other than the manager himself.Translation exercisesI. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or phrases given in the brackets .1. The hall resonated with the notes of the trumpet solo.2. I saw, in my mind’s eye, the pale face of the mother when she heard the news of her son’s death.3. His walk reminds me of the way his father used to walk.4. I mixed the dates up and arrived on a wrong day.5. Her heart swelled with pride when she learned that her daughter was accepted by oxford University.6. Theoretically speaking, the whole population should have direct access to information without waiting for being filtered by the government or the media.7. The Democrats have launched a campaign to win women voters over in this presidential election.8. After he inherited his father’s estate, he was immersed in all kinds of pleasure.II. Translate the following passage into Chinese.美国人热情友好，不像许多外国人想象的那样浮于表面。

Book 4 Unit 6 The Pace of Life1) To stimu‎l ate consu‎m ptio‎n, farme‎r s now can buy house‎h old appli‎a nces‎with gover‎n ment‎subsi‎d y.译文：为了刺激消‎费，农民可以通‎过政府补贴‎来购买家用‎电器。

2）Conve‎n tion‎a l medic‎i ne has conce‎n trat‎e d mainl‎y on the treat‎m ent of chron‎i c and acute‎illne‎s s, and until‎recen‎t years‎the role of preve‎n tive‎(预防性的) medic‎i ne has suffe‎r ed compa‎r ativ‎e negle‎c t.译文：传统医学一‎直主要致力‎于慢性病和‎急性病的治‎疗，而且预防医‎学的作用还‎一直相对地‎遭到冷遇，直到近几年‎这个情况才‎有所缓解。

3）Cost apart‎, you shoul‎d remem‎b er that howev‎e r fancy‎a fridg‎e is ,it doesn‎’t‎kill‎bacte‎r ia (细菌); it only shows‎down the rate at which‎they multi‎p ly.译文：除去（购买的）费用，你应该记住‎，不管电冰箱‎有多别致，它也不能够‎杀灭死细菌‎，它只能降低‎细菌的繁殖‎速度。

4）The econo‎m ic plann‎e rs are seeki‎n g to achie‎v e a faire‎r distr‎i buti‎o n of wealt‎h throu‎g hout‎socie‎t y, but‎it’s‎easie‎r said than done, I think‎.译文：经济规划师‎正设法在全‎社会实现更‎为公平的财‎富分配，但我认为这‎说起来容易‎做起来难。

Book 4 Unit 6 The Pace of Life1) To stimulate consumption, farmers now can buy household appliances with government subsidy.译文：为了刺激消费，农民可以通过政府补贴来购买家用电器。

2）Conventional medicine has concentrated mainly on the treatment of chronic and acute illness, and until recent years the role of preventive(预防性的) medicine has suffered comparative neglect.译文：传统医学一直主要致力于慢性病和急性病的治疗，而且预防医学的作用还一直相对地遭到冷遇，直到近几年这个情况才有所缓解。

3）Cost apart, you should remember that however fancy a fridge is ,it doesn’t kill bacteria (细菌); it only shows down the rate at which they multiply.译文：除去（购买的）费用，你应该记住，不管电冰箱有多别致，它也不能够杀灭死细菌，它只能降低细菌的繁殖速度。

4）The economic planners are seeking to achieve a fairer distribution of wealth throughout society, but it’s easier said than done, I think.译文：经济规划师正设法在全社会实现更为公平的财富分配，但我认为这说起来容易做起来难。

注释：seek to do…意为“设法做…”，相当于try to do…；distribution 意为“分配”5）The town has been producing wool, cloth, and blankets since the 13th century and much of its prosperity today is still founded on those industries.译文：自13 世纪以来，这个城镇一直生产羊毛、布匹和地毯，它今天的许多繁荣兴旺仍然建立在那些工业的基础上。

Key to Unit6, Book4 “The Pace of Life”T ext Organization 1Part One Paras. 1-11The author gives three reasons why we feel so time-pressed today.Part Two Paras. 12-18Not everyone is time-stressed, and in the case of Americans they have actually gained more free time in the past decade.Part Three Paras. 19-23The perception of time famine has triggered a variety of reactions.Part Four Paras. 24-28The author pins down the crux(症结) of the problem and puts forward a remedy for the stress we feel.T ext Organization 22) The aircraft creates a high demand for time-consuming journeys that we never dreamed of.3) The washing machine, contrary to our expectations, multiplies the hours spent on washing and ironing.4) Instead of making our lives easier, technology goes so far as to cram extra work into our leisure time.5) Technology produces the new burden of dealing with faxes, e-mails and voicemails.6) Technology eats further into our time by forcing us to handle software glitches on computers and filling our heads with useless information from the Internet.Vocabulary 11) appliances 2) comparative 3) multiply4) distribution 5) prosperity 6) decorate 7) famine 8) large quantities of/ a large quantity of 9) streamline 10) fax 11) pointed the way to 12) bewilderedVocabulary 21) eat into 2) cling to3) stand out/ stood out 4) wears away5) set about 6) switch off7) will be turned loose 8) poured inVocabulary 31)is forecast to be below average next year, which at themoment is 4 percent.2)to enter the building and find the baby girl proved futile asrescuers were driven out by the heat and flames.3)was urged to divert some of its attention from expandingproduction and get more involved with issues of market demand.4)can really eat heavily into your profits when you are sellingsuits at ￡900 and dresses at ￡2,000.5)has toiled endlessly over the exercise machine for the lasttwenty years in order to keep her body in shape.Vocabulary 41)reaction to; discontent; provoked2)Convention; evading tax; the confines of3)a burden; are always on the go/ seem forever on the go; tocopeII. Confusable Words1. 1) nervousness 2) tension 3) stress; stress 4) tension2. 1) honorary 2) Honorable 3) honorable 4) honorary 5) honorable 6) HonoraryIII. Usage1)Dealing with the extinction crisis is no simple matter. Is itsensible, we may ask, to spend large sums of money to save some species – be it an elephant or an orchid – in a nation in which a large proportion of the population is living below the poverty line?2)This new technology could be used anywhere large numbersof people need to be quickly screened --- at airports, train stations, bus terminals or border crossings. However, experts suspect, there is also the risk that people will learn to fool the machine the same way they try to fool polygraph readings by controlling their breath or taking drugs to relax themselves.3)With a high percentage of marriages ending in divorce, oftendue to financial difficulties, you would say that money is a big factor in making a good marriage. But, believe it or not, it isn’t money that ensures you a happy marriage; it is your philosophy of life that does.4)Not all the risks on the Internet are sexual, you know. Sitespromoting violence are just a click away, and may include instructions for making bombs and other destructive devices.Cloze (T ext-related)1) switch off 2) obliged 3) on the go 4) cope5) shortage 6) large quantity of 7) pouring in 8) by nature 9) fraction 10) futileCloze (Theme-related)1)advantage 2) wisely 3)faithfully 4)waking5)includes 6) schedule 7) sticking 8)priorities9) set 10) respectT ranslation1)They are exploring the new frontiers of medical science in an attempt to find remedies for incurable diseases/ cures for diseases that are beyond remedy so far.2)Her unique teaching methods apart, Ms Wilson, my math teacher, never tried to cram knowledge into my head.3)The regular weather forecast by the Central TV Station keeps us up with the changes of weather wherever we go on a trip.4)The appalling explosion started a big fire and causedthe partial collapse of the building.5)In the modern world, there are more ways than ever to waste away time, and all kinds of distractions are eating into our precious time.2.Today we are under constant pressure to work longer hours, to produce more, and to possess more. Lots of people hold the wrong perception that happiness lies in working hard and earning well/ good money.Many women today feel the same stress to work and get ahead and, at the same time, to nurture their offspring and shoulder the burden of domestic responsibilities.Research shows that workaholism tends to distance us from our immediate families. It forces us to toil longer and longer hours, leaving a minute fraction of our time to be physically and emotionally available to our loved ones. Intimacy among family members is doomed to die in the process.。

大学英语综合教程4（Unit6）教程答案Unit TwoAttitudes to LifeEnhance Your Language AwarenessWords in Action▆ Working with Words and Expressions1.In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete thefollowing sentences with them. Change the form where necessary.▆ Answers:1)commonplace2)enduring3)dim4)command5)imperfection6)intensive7)abandon8)finite9)dynamic10)weaving11)additional12)aspirations13)gratitude14)integrity15)faithful16)committed2. In the box below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do youunderstand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.▆ Answers:1)live on2)dawned upon3)live by4)is invested with5)hold fast to6)All too7)step aside8)set out9)to and fro10)work at▆ Increasing Your Word Power1. Study the following usage notes about the words in the box. They are all associated with the meaning of “change”.▆ Answers:1)change2)transform3)alter4)convert5)revise6)modify7)vary8)transcribe2. You will read three groups of words which are similar in meaning but different in usage. Reflect on the differences in usage between the words in each group and fill in each blank with a proper one. Change the form if necessary.▆ Answers:1)tour2)trip3)travelling4)journey5)select6)choose7)pick8)elect9)ordinary10)regular11)average12)normal3.Write out the corresponding verb forms of the following adjectives.▆ Answers:1)add2)beautify3)contradict4)deafen5)differ6)intensify7)minimize8)oppose9)please10)prosper11)radiate12)relent13)respect14)sparkle15)wonder16)witherGRAMMAR IN CONTEXTTask 1: Write hypothetical sentences based on the given facts.▆ Answers for reference:1)My mother would not be worried about me if she knew what my life was like.2)They would probably allow you to do the job if you were in better health.3)They wouldn’t work with such enthusiasm if they didn’t know what they wereworking for.4)I would have to look it up in the dictionary if I didn’t know the meaning of theword.5)She would understand what we say if she knew Chinese.6)I would be quite satisfied if you spoke with greater accuracy.Task 2: Make hypothetical sentences with the given words.▆ Answers for reference:1)If we knew where he was, we would try to get in touch with him.2)If it were not for the expense involved, we would go there by plane.3)If we were to miss the train, we would have to wait another four hours.4)If we pooled all our resources, we would have enough money to buy the equipment.5)If he didn’t have a strong love for the handicapped children, he wouldn’t b eworking so tirelessly for them.ClozeComplete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letter of each is given.▆ Answers:1)wither2)sense3)faithful4)commit5)aspirations6)gratitude7)dawns8)accumulated9)nourishment10)preoccupied11)flowers12)tendered13)weave14)elevateTranslation1.Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions givenin brackets.▆ Answers for reference:1)The ambassador to the U.N. was invested with full authority to deal with all theforeign affairs concerning his country on behalf of his government.2)All the way on the train I had been preoccupied with the result of the termexamination until the conductor reminded me of the arrivalof my destination.3)Althoug h her husband’s name did not appear on the list of the people who gotkilled in the traffic accident, she kept walking to and fro, anxious to see him back home sooner.4)I was setting out to translate the contract into English when it dawned upon methat both parties involved were Chinese companies.5)At the party, people sang and danced with abandon, totally forgetting the troublesin their lives.6)With the great aspirations to become an astronaut, Jackson committed himself to the2-year strenuous constitution training.7)His paintings, drawing on timeless fairy stories, exemplified the Europeans’ tasteof that period.8)The bus driver didn’t want to take any responsibility for the ac cident and so hetook every means to put the blame on the passengers on board.9)He not only risked his own life to save the old man from the burning house but madesome room in his own house for him to settle down.10)From childhood, she tried to live by the teachings of her parents and graduallyaccumulated a set of standards of conduct.2.Translate the following passage into English.▆ Answers for reference:What is truth? Truth is the correct reflection of people’sknowledge about the objective world and its laws. Truth makes people full of hope and life full of brilliance and glory. Therefore, many people regard the pursuit of truth as the ultimate goal of their lives. In human history, many people devoted their lives to the pursuit of truth and made outstanding contributions to mankind.Truth is both absolute and relative. We say that truth is absolute because truth can objectively reflect the essentials of things. However, any truth is but people’s correct understanding of the development of things at a certain stage. Therefore, truth is relative and develops constantly.Sometimes, the brilliance of truth may dim but it will never die out. For some people, truth may seem beyond their reach. In fact, it is close at hand. We can find truth as long as we keep pursuing it heart and soul.Theme-Related WritingWrite an essay of no less than 150 words on the topic “Attitudes Towards Life”. Your writing should cover the following points:1) different attitudes people hold towards life2) the benefits of holding a positive attitude3) ways to develop a positive attitude towards life▇ Sample essay:Attitudes Towards LifePeople hold different attitudes towards life. Some take a positive attitude and they always appreciate the beauty of life with zeal and gratitude. Some take a negative attitude towards life and any slight trouble in life may seem like the end of the world to them.A positive attitude ensures a happy, successful and healthylife. With a positive attitude, people find it easy to accept challenges and overcome obstacles while maintaining peace of mind. Besides, a positive attitude boosts their self-esteem, lifts their morale and helps them fulfill their commitments both in their career and in their everyday life. Moreover, medical research shows that positive thinking can improve the immune system and strengthen the body’s resistance to diseases.There are several ways to develop a positive attitude towards life. One needs to think positively, read uplifting stories, hang around with optimistic people, give up jealousy, and participate in meaningful activities. By building a positive attitude towards life, one can enjoy a happy, successful and healthy life. (170 words)。

大学体验英语四（综合教程）Unit 6Psychological HealthListen and TalkLead inAre you feeling really sad, tired, and worried most of the time? Are these feelings lasting more than a few days? If yes, you may have depression. Depression is a (S1) medical illness that (S2) the brain.You may want to know why you feel "depressed.”There may be (S3) causes. Depression may happen because of (S4) in your brain. Depression runs in some (S5) . This (S6) that someone in your family such as a grandparent, parent, aunt, uncle, cousin, sister or brother may have depression. Sometimes (S7) events or losses such as deaths can lead to depression. Sometimes the cause of depression is not clear.Don’t wait. Talk to your doctor about how you're feeling (S8) . If you don’t have a doctor, check your local phone book. (S9) . Call one near you and ask for help. (S10) . Ask your doctor which type is best for you. Some people need both treatments to feel better.Key:(S1) serious; (S2) involves; (S3) several; (S4) changes; (S5) families; (S6) means; (S7) painful; (S8) Get a medical checkup to rule out any other illnesses that might be causing signs of depression. (S9) Go to the government services pages and look for "health clinics” or "community health cente rs.” (S10) There are two common types of treatment for depression: medicine and "talk” therapy.Passage A: Is It Healthy to Be a Football Supporter?2. Choose the best answer to each question based on the information you obtain from the passage.1. Psychologists often describe die-hard fans as ______.A) those who suffer fewer bouts of depression than others.B) those who are considered to be disturbingly different from othersC) those who demonstrate a fierce and unbreakable bondD) those who never search for self-esteem by identifying with a team2. To the die-hard fans, a football match ______.A) is a fight to protect their city or countryB) is a light-hearted display of athletic prowessC) is the best way to gain respect from their rivalsD) is a good chance for them to show their enthusiasm for football3. Which of the following statements is WRONG about the die-hard fans?A) They tend to blame their team’s failures in a biased referee.B) They get more psychologically aroused at games.C) They are likely to abandon a team when it’s doing badly.D) They spend more money on tickets and merchandise.4. Why do some fans remain loyal through thick and thin despite the repeated failure of their teams?A) Because they are much more optimistic about their favorite teams.B) Because they tend to blame their team’s failures on bad luck.C) Because they have higher self-esteem than those uninterested in sports.D) Because they desire to belong to a group or a society.5. The author thinks that ______.A) being a die-hard football fan can be good for your healthB) football makes many families break downC) all human beings share the basic psychological need to belongD) die-hard fans suffer from a kind of psychological disease6. T he word "void”in the last sentence means _______.A) family bondB) psychological need to belongC) religious groupD) self-satisfaction7. We may conclude from the passage that the author’s attitude towards the football fans is ______.A) positiveB) negativeC) indifferentD) neutralAnswer: 1.B, 2.A, 3.C, 4.D, 5.C, 6.B, 7.A3 Answer the following questions with the information from the passage.1. What kind of people do psychologists portray die-hard fans as?Lonely misfits searching for self-esteem by identifying with a team.2. Compared to people who never watch a football match, what does the study mentioned in Para.3 suggests about the football fans?They suffer fewer bouts of depression and alienation3. Why does the author say that the fans’ connection to a team is fickle?(Because they say) "We won" (when) describing (the team’s) victory, and "they lost" (when) describing (its) defeat.4. "Highly-identified” fans tend to blame their team’s failure on a biased referee or on bad luck,rather than _____________.on their team’s mistakes or the other team's skill.5. Is a deep attachment to a team healthy according to the passage?Yes in most cases.plete the summary of the text. The first letter of the missing word has been given to you.Die-hard football fans are often 1) p as lonely misfits, but a study has 2) r that football fans suffer fewer bouts of 3) d and alienation than people who never watch the 4) g . The research shows that through football matches, fans can win 5) a not for their own achievements, but through their 6) c to a team that wins. More surprising is that they have higher self-esteem than people 7) u in sports. Some ardent fans remain 8) l to their teams through thick and thin, and this can be explained by the desire to belong to a group or a society. All human beings 9) i football fans ?share the basic 10) p need of belonging.Anwser: 1.portrayed 2.revealed 3.depression 4.game 5.admiration6.connection7.uninterested8.loyal9.including 10.psychological5. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.primitive attachment arouse achievement abandonsharp confrontation crucial intense soar1. There were joyous celebrations all over the country, with parades and the ringing of church bells to honor the great ___ .2. Improved consumer confidence is ___ to an economic recovery.3. It is a ___ instinct to flee a place of danger.4. Later, some of his findings ___ much popular interest in his book.5. Psychologists believe that separation from the parents during the sensitive ___ period from birth to three may scar a child’s personality and predispose it to emotional problems in later life.6. The issue has caused great tension between the two countries and could lead to a military ___ .7. The introduction of computerized information systems has ___ changed management control in many companies.8. Most of the students have already felt the pressure of ___ inflation.9. Dozens of homes have had to be ___ as the sea has crept farther and farther inland.10. The ___ study of German helps Mark know more about German culture and customs. Answer: 1. achievement 2. crucial 3. demonstrate 4. aroused 5. attachment6. confrontation7. sharply8. soaring9. abandoned 10. intense6. Complete the following sentences with phrases or expressions from the passage.1. Go ahead with it, and we will stand by you ___ .2. Last Sunday evening we went to the school playground to ___ the school football team.3. The new evidence ___ my argument that they took advantage of the chance. .4. The garden has ___ our family for a long time.5. For 12 years, we've sought to ___ this ultimate threat of disaster.A nswer:1. through thick and thin 2. root for 3. backed up 4. belonged to 5. stave off7.The following games related words occur in this passage. Find 5 pairs of near synonyms and 2 pairs of near antonyms.conflict psychological clash mental depressionlight-harted feeling sad back up harmful self-worthintense support self-esteem helpfulSynonyms1 ________________________ is similar in meaning to ________________________.2 ________________________ is similar in meaning to ________________________.3 ________________________ is similar in meaning to ________________________.4 ________________________ is similar in meaning to ________________________.5 ________________________ is similar in meaning to ________________________. Artonyms1 ________________________ is nearly opposite in meaning to ________________________.2 ________________________ is nearly opposite in meaning to ________________________. Synonyms Antonyms1 conflict; clash 1 light-hearted; intense2 mental; psychological 2 helpful; harmful3 feeling sad; depression4 self-esteem; self-worth5 back up; support8. Translate the following sentences into English.1.她将她的少年时代描绘成一个幻想和发现的时期。

Unit 6Text comprehensionI. Decide which of the following best states the autho r’s purpose of writing.A.II. Judge. according to the text, whether the following statements are true or false.1. F. Refer to Paragraphs 1.It is true that the flag the narrator hangs draws little attention in Paris, but the reason is not that Parisians or Frenchmen are not interested in flag-hanging in general. Rather, the Independence Day is an occasion special for Americans only and, understandably, the French show little interest in the day or the celebrating flag.2. T. Refer to Paragraph 2.3. F. Refer to Paragraph 3. The author’s children have had little chance of learning the history of the U.S. at school, and the parents as native Americans are the only ones who could have taught them about it. This, however, is not true of children in general in France.4. F. Refer to Paragraph 4. They do not conceal the dark side of the American society but try to keep their children from the follies of the American society like school shootings.5. T. Refer to Paragraph 9-11.6. F. Refer to Paragraph 12. Globalization is both beneficial and detrimental. It helps to blur the clear-cut divide between cultures on the one hand but makes children less than fully immersed in a foreign world on the other.III. Answer the following questions.1. For one thing, flag-hanging is the only thing he can do in Paris to celebrate the Independence Day, which is part of his national heritage. For another, he intends to use it as a special occasion for teaching his children about the American history and as a reminder of their native American identity.2. The children seldom mix languages up because they have acquired French through the school instructions and English through their family life withEnglish-speaking parents. And they seem to know when to use which.3. Refer to paragraphs 4-8. The benefits of raising children in a foreign culture, as the writer suggests, include acquiring a foreign language and culture and avoiding being exposed to the problems of the native culture.4. It is difficult, according to the author, to make the children understand and identify the virtues of their native culture without living in it. Family instructions are not satisfactorily effective and have to be complemented by other means such asre-entering into the native culture and taking children to historical places.5. Because he grew up in a foreign culture and he knows it is quite an issue to know how to raise children in a foreign culture without losing their native identity. He understands that the issue involves the efforts on the part of the parents.6. Globalization is like a double-edged sword to the growth of children in a foreign culture. On the one hand, it helps to reduce differences between the foreign culture and the native culture, and facilitates the physical and spiritual re-entry into the native culture. On the other hand, it unfortunately makes it more difficult than ever for children to be fully immersed in the foreign culture.IV. Explain in your own words the following sentences taken form the text.1. July 4 is one of the times I, as a native American, feel instinctively uneasy about the great gaps in our children’s understanding of their American identity, and thus I am motivated to do something to fill the gaps.2. And living away from our native country does not matter much.3. When I lived in France as an expatriated child, the French kids were dressed in the unique French style, thus looking quite different from their counterparts in other countries.4. Full immersion in a truly foreign world no longer seems possible in Western countries, and I think this is a deplorable impact of globalization upon the growth of children in a foreign country.Structural analysis of the textThe author of this text follows a “specific-general” pattern in his discussion, i.e. he first talks about what it means to his children to hang the national flag of their native land in a foreign country on July 4th every year and then expresses his view on the importance for expatriated people in general to keep their cultural identity, especially when the whole world is undergoing a process of globalization. The specific points can be found in his discussion of the costs and benefits of raising children in a foreign culture in Paragraphs 4-9 while the general conclusion can be found in paragraphs10-12, especially paragraph 12.Vocabulary exercisesI. Replace the underlined words in the sentences with appropriate forms of words chosen from the text.1. pursue2. resonates3. confronted4. clichés5. had suppressed6. has confirmedII. Fill in the blank with the appropriate forms of the given words.1. fluency2. enrollment3. accessible4. obtainable5. personification6.enlightened7.globalization8. promptingIII . Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from the text .1. took pride in2. was immersed in3. resonating with4. had…been exposed to5. in his mind’s eye6. a glimpse of7.convey…to8. turned …toIV. Explain the meaning of the underlined word or phrase in each sentence.1. literature2. joined3. motionless4. more than5. quickly6. desiresGrammar exercisesI. Note the use of the words in italics.Where and when are relative adverbs, introducing relative clauses.II. Complete the following sentences, using where, when or why.1.why2. where3. when4. where5. where6.where7.why8. when III. Rewrite the following sentences, omitting either the antecedent or the relative adverb if possible.1.Sam knows where we are meeting.2./(The omission of the village may cause a loss of information since it carriesspecific message. If we omit where, then we need to insert in after born.)3.Four in the afternoon is the time he always reads./ Four in the afternoon is whenhe always reads.4./(Similar to Sentence 2)5.I don’t know the exact time I should meet him.6.Why he resigned is still unknown.IV. Rank the following sentences according to their degree of formality.More formal—less formal:2 3 1V. Make sentences of your own after the sentences given below, keeping the underlined parts in your sentences.1. He failed in part because of his carelessness.Why exactly she hated him I don’t know, but I think it was in part because he had insulted her.2.There were times when I didn’t know what to do.Can you suggest a time when it will be convenient to meet?3.The beaten enemy had not other choice than to surrender.It’s none other than the manager himself.Translation exercisesI. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or phrases given in the brackets .1. The hall resonated with the notes of the trumpet solo.2. I saw, in my mind’s eye, the pale face of the mother when she heard the news of her son’s death.3. His walk reminds me of the way his father used to walk.4. I mixed the dates up and arrived on a wrong day.5. Her heart swelled with pride when she learned that her daughter was accepted by oxford University.6. Theoretically speaking, the whole population should have direct access to information without waiting for being filtered by the government or the media.7. The Democrats have launched a campaign to win women voters over in this presidential election.8. After he inherited his father’s estate, he was immersed in all kinds of pleasure.II. Translate the following passage into Chinese.美国人热情友好，不像许多外国人想象的那样浮于表面。

U61 Once upon a time, technology, we thought, would make our lives easier. Machines were expected to do our work for us, leaving us with ever-increasing quantities of time to waste away on idleness and pleasure.2 But instead of liberating us, technology has enslaved us. Innovations are occurring at a bewildering rate: as many now arrive in a year as once arrived ina millennium. And as each invention arrives, it eats further into our time.3 The motorcar, for example, promised unimaginable levels of personal mobility. But now, traffic in cities moves more slowly than it did in the days of the horse-drawn carriage, and we waste our lives stuck in traffic jams.4 The aircraft promised new horizons, too. The trouble is, it delivered them. Its very existence created a demand for time-consuming journeys that we would never previously have dreamed of undertaking -- the transatlantic shopping expedition, for example, or the trip to a convention on the other side of the world.5 In most cases, technology has not saved time, but enabled us to do more things. In the home, washing machines promised to free women from having to toil over the laundry. In reality, they encouraged us to change our clothes daily instead of weekly, creating seven times as much washing and ironing. Similarly, the weekly bath has been replaced by the daily shower, multiplying the hours spent on personal grooming.时间老人成了可怕的老人理查德·汤姆金斯从前，我们以为技术发展会使我们的生活变得更安逸。

Key to Unit6, Book4 “The Pace of Life”Text Organization 1Part One Paras. 1-11The author gives three reasons why we feel so time-pressed today.Part Two Paras. 12-18Not everyone is time-stressed, and in the case of Americans they have actually gained more free time in the past decade.Part Three Paras. 19-23The perception of time famine has triggered a variety of reactions.Part Four Paras. 24-28The author pins down the crux(症结) of the problem and puts forward a remedy for the stress we feel.Text Organization 22) The aircraft creates a high demand for time-consuming journeys that we never dreamed of.3) The washing machine, contrary to our expectations, multiplies the hours spent on washing and ironing.4) Instead of making our lives easier, technology goes so far as to cram extra work into our leisure time.5) Technology produces the new burden of dealing with faxes, e-mails and voicemails.6) Technology eats further into our time by forcing us to handle software glitches on computers and filling our heads with useless information from the Internet.Vocabulary 11) appliances 2) comparative 3) multiply 4) distribution 5) prosperity 6) decorate 7) famine 8) large quantities of/ a large quantity of 9) streamline 10) fax 11) pointed the way to 12) bewilderedVocabulary 21) eat into 2) cling to3) stand out/ stood out 4) wears away5) set about 6) switch off7) will be turned loose 8) poured inVocabulary 31)is forecast to be below average next year, which at themoment is 4 percent.2)to enter the building and find the baby girl proved futile asrescuers were driven out by the heat and flames.3)was urged to divert some of its attention from expandingproduction and get more involved with issues of market demand.4)can really eat heavily into your profits when you are sellingsuits at ￡900 and dresses at ￡2,000.5)has toiled endlessly over the exercise machine for the lasttwenty years in order to keep her body in shape.Vocabulary 41)reaction to; discontent; provoked2)Convention; evading tax; the confines of3)a burden; are always on the go/ seem forever on the go; tocopeII. Confusable Words1. 1) nervousness 2) tension 3) stress; stress 4) tension2. 1) honorary 2) Honorable 3) honorable 4) honorary 5) honorable 6) HonoraryIII. Usage1)Dealing with the extinction crisis is no simple matter. Is itsensible, we may ask, to spend large sums of money to save some species – be it an elephant or an orchid – in a nation in which a large proportion of the population is living below the poverty line?2)This new technology could be used anywhere large numbersof people need to be quickly screened --- at airports, train stations, bus terminals or border crossings. However, experts suspect, there is also the risk that people will learn to fool the machine the same way they try to fool polygraph readings by controlling their breath or taking drugs to relax themselves. 3)With a high percentage of marriages ending in divorce, oftendue to financial difficulties, you would say that money is a big factor in making a good marriage. But, believe it or not, it isn’t money that ensures you a happy marriage; it is your philosophy of life that does.4)Not all the risks on the Internet are sexual, you know. Sitespromoting violence are just a click away, and may include instructions for making bombs and other destructive devices.Cloze (Text-related)1) switch off 2) obliged 3) on the go 4) cope 5) shortage 6) large quantity of 7) pouring in8) by nature 9) fraction 10) futileCloze (Theme-related)1)advantage 2) wisely 3)faithfully 4)waking5)includes 6) schedule 7) sticking 8)priorities9) set 10) respectTranslation1)They are exploring the new frontiers of medical science in an attempt to find remedies for incurable diseases/ cures for diseases that are beyond remedy so far.2)Her unique teaching methods apart, Ms Wilson, my math teacher, never tried to cram knowledge into my head.3)The regular weather forecast by the Central TV Station keeps us up with the changes of weather wherever we go on a trip.4)The appalling explosion started a big fire and caused the partial collapse of the building.5)In the modern world, there are more ways than ever to waste away time, and all kinds of distractions are eating into our precious time.2.Today we are under constant pressure to work longer hours, to produce more, and to possess more. Lots of people hold the wrong perception that happiness lies in working hard and earning well/ good money.Many women today feel the same stress to work and get ahead and, at the same time, to nurture their offspring and shoulder the burden of domestic responsibilities.Research shows that workaholism tends to distance us from our immediate families. It forces us to toil longer and longer hours, leaving a minute fraction of our time to be physically and emotionally available to our loved ones. Intimacy among family members is doomed to die in the process.。