kaoyanyingyu

考研大学英语试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The company has just announced a new policy that will come into effect from the beginning of next month.A) effectiveB) efficientC) sufficientD) deficient答案：A2. Despite the heavy rain, she managed to arrive at the meeting on time.A) in spite ofB) because ofC) regardless ofD) due to答案：A3. The professor's lecture was so engaging that the students were completely absorbed in it.A) distractedB) boredC) fascinatedD) indifferent答案：C4. The government has taken measures to ensure that the new regulations are strictly enforced.A) implementedB) ignoredC) delayedD) debated答案：A5. The book provides a comprehensive overview of the history of the region.A) detailedB) superficialC) completeD) partial答案：C6. The negotiations between the two countries were prolonged due to unresolved issues.A) shortenedB) extendedC) interruptedD) concluded答案：B7. The artist's work was highly praised for its originality and creativity.A) imitationB) plagiarismC) uniquenessD) monotony答案：C8. The report suggests that the company's profits havesignificantly increased this year.A) decreasedB) remained stableC) fluctuatedD) soared答案：D9. The scientist's findings have been widely acclaimed in the academic community.A) criticizedB) ignoredC) debatedD) celebrated答案：D10. The committee is currently reviewing the application to determine its eligibility.A) suitabilityB) ineligibilityC) unsuitabilityD) irrelevance答案：A二、填空题（每题1分，共10分）1. The ________ of the project will be discussed at the next meeting.答案：feasibility2. The ________ of the disease has been linked to poor living conditions.答案：prevalence3. The ________ of the old bridge was a major concern for the city council.答案：stability4. The ________ of the company's stock has been rising steadily.答案：value5. The ________ of the new policy has been met with mixed reactions.答案：implementation6. The ________ of the ancient ruins was a significant discovery for archaeologists.答案：excavation7. The ________ of the forest has been causing concern among environmentalists.答案：deforestation8. The ________ of the patient's condition requires immediate medical attention.答案：severity9. The ________ of the experiment was successful, leading to important findings.答案：conduct10. The ________ of the book is not only informative but also entertaining.答案：narrative三、阅读理解（每题2分，共20分）阅读下列短文，然后回答问题。

考研英语学科试题及答案一、选择题（共20分，每题2分）1. The reason why he didn't attend the meeting was ______.A. because he was illB. that he was illC. he was illD. being ill答案：B2. ______ the book is well worth reading.A. ThatB. WhatC. ItD. As答案：C3. The teacher told us _______.A. the earth moves around the sunB. how the earth moves around the sunC. the earth moves how around the sunD. the earth how moves around the sun答案：A4. She is ______ a good teacher as she is a kind mother.A. soB. asC. suchD. not only答案：B5. ______ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A. ItB. ThisC. ThatD. There答案：A二、阅读理解（共40分，每篇10分）Passage 1The passage discusses the importance of environmental protection. It mentions that pollution has become a global issue, and everyone should take action to protect the environment.6. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Pollution is a local issue.B. Environmental protection is everyone's responsibility.C. Pollution is a natural phenomenon.D. Environmental protection is unnecessary.答案：B7. According to the passage, what should we do to protect theenvironment?A. Do nothing.B. Take action.C. Ignore the issue.D. Leave it to the government.答案：BPassage 2The passage describes the process of scientific research and emphasizes the importance of collaboration and communication among researchers.8. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. The process of scientific research.B. The importance of collaboration.C. The role of communication.D. Both B and C.答案：D9. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a key element in scientific research?A. Experimentation.B. Collaboration.C. Communication.D. Isolation.答案：D三、完形填空（共20分，每题2分）In the following passage, there are 10 blanks. For each blank, choose the best word from the four options provided.10. The ______ of the project was delayed due to bad weather.A. implementationB. executionC. operationD. performance答案：A11. The ______ of the company has been growing steadily.A. revenueB. incomeC. profitD. salary答案：A12. She is very ______ in her approach to work.A. meticulousB. casualC. carelessD. lazy答案：A13. The ______ of the new product was a great success.A. launchB. releaseC. introductionD. debut答案：C14. The ______ of the old building was approved by the city council.A. renovationB. constructionC. destructionD. restoration答案：A15. The ______ of the company is expected to increase by 10% this year.A. outputB. productionC. yieldD. outcome答案：A16. The ______ of the experiment was surprising to everyone.A. resultB. consequenceC. effectD. impact答案：A17. The ______ of the meeting was to discuss the budget.A. purposeB. goalC. objectiveD. target答案：A18. The ______ of the book was very engaging.A. contentB. contextC. plotD. storyline答案：C19. The ______ of the company is to provide high-quality products.A. missionB. visionC. aimD. goal答案：A20. The ______ of the project exceeded the initial estimates.A. costB. expenseC. priceD. fee答案：A四、翻译题（共20分，每题10分）21. 请将以下句子翻译成英文。

考研学科英语试题及答案1. 单项选择题：从下列选项中选择一个最符合题意的答案。

试题1：In the sentence "The book is on the table," the word "on" is a preposition that indicates ________.A. locationB. timeC. quantityD. quality答案：A试题2：The phrase "break a leg" is commonly used to ________.A. wish someone to get injuredB. wish someone good luckC. tell someone to be carefulD. ask someone to perform答案：B2. 完形填空题：阅读下面的短文，从所给的选项中选择一个最佳答案填入空白处。

短文：The world is full of wonders, and one of the most fascinating is the human brain. It is a complex organ that allows us to think, feel, and interact with the world around us. Scientists have been studying the brain for centuries, trying to understand how it works. Despite all the research, there is still much we don't know about this incredible organ.试题：The human brain is a complex organ that ________.A. allows us to thinkB. makes us feelC. enables us to interactD. All of the above答案：D3. 阅读理解题：阅读下面的短文，然后回答问题。

英语考研真题及答案一、阅读理解（共40分）Passage 1In recent years, the number of international students in the United States has been steadily increasing. According to the latest report from the Institute of International Education, the total number of international students in the U.S. has reached a new high of 1.1 million.Questions:1. What is the main topic of the passage?A. The growth of international students in the U.S.B. The Institute of International Education.C. The reasons for the increase in international students.D. The total number of students in the U.S.Answer: A2. What does the passage suggest about the trend of international students in the U.S.?A. It has been decreasing.B. It has been fluctuating.C. It has been increasing.D. It has remained stable.Answer: CPassage 2[Content of the second passage][Questions related to the second passage]Answer: [Answers to the questions]二、写作（共30分）Task: Write an essay of about 300 words on the following topic.Topic: "The impact of technology on education."[Essay prompt with guidelines]三、翻译（共20分）English to Chinese:Translate the following sentence into Chinese."The rapid development of technology has brought about significant changes in the way we live and work."Answer: 技术的快速发展已经改变了我们生活和工作的方式。

考研英语真题完整版(含答案)考研英语真题完整版(含答案)IntroductionIn recent years, the number of students taking the postgraduate entrance exam, commonly known as the "gaokao", to pursue further education has continued to rise. The English section of this exam is of particular significance as it assesses the applicants' language proficiency and comprehension skills. This article aims to provide a complete version of the past years' English exam questions, along with their corresponding answers, in order to help students better prepare for the upcoming exam.Section I: Reading Comprehension1. Passage OneQuestions:1) What is the main topic of the passage?2) What does the passage imply about music's role in early childhood development?2. Passage TwoQuestions:1) What does the passage mainly discuss?2) What does the author mean by saying "Birds defy that rule." in paragraph 3?Section II: Vocabulary and Structure1. Choose the word or phrase that best completes each sentence. Example:1) It is time that we ______ a solution to the problem.a) findb) will findc) foundd) have foundAnswer: a) findSection III: Cloze1. Choose the word or phrase that best fits the blank. Example:1) It was very kind ______ you to help me with my bags.a) forb) fromc) ofd) withAnswer: c) ofSection IV: TranslationTranslate the following sentences from Chinese to English.Example:1) 他们一起努力，最终实现了自己的目标。

考研英语复习题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分，每题4分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容回答1-5题。

Passage 1In the past few years, the popularity of online education has surged. Many people believe that online learning is more convenient and flexible than traditional classroom education. However, there are also concerns about the effectiveness of online education.1. What is the main idea of the passage?A) Online education is less effective than traditional education.B) Online education is becoming increasingly popular.C) Traditional classroom education is more effective.D) People are divided over the effectiveness of online education.2. According to the passage, what is one advantage of online education?A) It is less flexible than traditional education.B) It is more expensive than traditional education.C) It is more convenient and flexible.D) It is more challenging than traditional education.3. What is a concern mentioned in the passage?A) The cost of online education.B) The effectiveness of online education.C) The lack of access to online education.D) The difficulty of online learning.4. What does the passage suggest about the popularity of online education?A) It is declining.B) It is stable.C) It is increasing.D) It is uncertain.5. What can be inferred from the passage?A) The author is against online education.B) The author is in favor of online education.C) The author is neutral about online education.D) The author is confused about online education.Passage 2The use of social media has become an integral part of modern society. It allows people to stay connected with friends and family, share experiences, and access information. However, there are also concerns about the impact of social media on mental health.1. What is the main topic of the passage?A) The benefits of social media.B) The drawbacks of social media.C) The impact of social media on mental health.D) The history of social media.2. According to the passage, what is a positive aspect of social media?A) It can lead to mental health issues.B) It can be a source of misinformation.C) It can help people stay connected.D) It can be a time-consuming activity.3. What is a concern raised in the passage?A) The cost of social media platforms.B) The impact of social media on mental health.C) The lack of regulation of social media.D) The potential for cyberbullying.4. What can be inferred about the author's view on social media?A) The author is completely against social media.B) The author is completely in favor of social media.C) The author has a balanced view of social media.D) The author is confused about the impact of social media.5. What does the passage suggest about the role of social media in society?A) It is becoming less important.B) It is becoming more important.C) It is controversial.D) It is unnecessary.二、完形填空（共20分，每题2分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

英语专业的考研试题及答案英语专业考研试题及答案一、阅读理解部分Passage 1The passage discusses the impact of globalization on language and culture. It highlights how English has become a global lingua franca and its influence on local languages and cultures around the world. The passage also mentions the importance of preserving linguistic diversity.Questions:1. What is the main topic of the passage?2. How has English impacted local languages according to the passage?3. What is the significance of linguistic diversity mentioned in the passage?Answers:1. The main topic of the passage is the influence of globalization on language and culture.2. English has become a global lingua franca and has influenced local languages by causing some to borrow words and phrases from English, and in some cases, by threatening the survival of minority languages.3. The significance of linguistic diversity is that it enriches human culture and provides a variety of ways toexpress ideas and emotions.Passage 2The second passage explores the role of technology in education. It argues that while technology has made learning more accessible, it has also led to a decrease in face-to-face interaction and a potential loss of interpersonal skills.Questions:1. What is the main argument of the passage?2. What are the positive aspects of technology in education mentioned?3. What concerns does the passage raise about the use of technology in education?Answers:1. The main argument of the passage is that technology hasboth advantages and disadvantages in education.2. The positive aspects include increased accessibility to educational resources and the ability to learn at one's own pace.3. The concerns raised include a decrease in face-to-face interaction and the potential loss of interpersonal skillsdue to over-reliance on technology.二、完形填空部分Text:In recent years, the trend of eco-tourism has been gaining popularity. People are becoming more aware of the importanceof protecting the environment. However, it is crucial toensure that eco-tourism is sustainable and does not lead to the destruction of the very ecosystems it aims to protect.Questions:1. What is the main idea of the text?2. Why is sustainability important in eco-tourism?3. What could be the potential negative impact of eco-tourism if not managed properly?Answers:1. The main idea of the text is the growing popularity ofeco-tourism and the need for it to be sustainable.2. Sustainability is important in eco-tourism to ensure that the environment is not harmed by tourism activities and that the benefits are long-lasting.3. The potential negative impact of eco-tourism, if not managed properly, could be the destruction of ecosystems and the loss of biodiversity.三、翻译部分English to Chinese:The advancement of technology has brought about significant changes in the way we live and work.Chinese to English:随着科技的发展，我们的生活和工作方式发生了巨大变化。

“考研”英语怎么说导读：我根据大家的需要整理了一份关于《“考研”英语怎么说》的内容，具体内容：名词解释：考研，即参加硕士研究生入学考试。

其英文表述是"Take part in the entrance exams for postgraduate schools&rd...名词解释：考研，即参加硕士研究生入学考试。

其英文表述是"Take part in the entrance exams for postgraduate schools"。

考研首先要符合国家标准，其次按照程序：与学校联系、先期准备、报名、初试、调剂、复试、复试调剂、录取等方面依次进行。

你知道怎么用英语表达吗?The huge number of test-takers for the national entrance examination for postgraduate studies, which began on Saturday, has caused hotel room shortages around exam venues.Figures from the Ministry of Education show that more than 1.65 million people were scheduled to take the test this year between Saturday and Monday, up 9.6 percent from last year.Nearly 120,000 examinees took the test in the capital as the first snow of the new year fell on Saturday.周六，全国硕士研究生入学考试开考，由于考生人数众多，考点周围酒店房间紧缺。

教育部的数字显示，周六周日，超过165万名考生确认报名参加今年的硕士研究生入学考试，比去年增加了9.6%。

2024年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)There's nothing more welcoming than a door opening for you. 1 the need to be touched to open or close, automatic doors are essential in 2disabled access to buildings and helping provide general3to commercial buildings.Self-sliding doors began to emerge as a commercial product in 1960 after being invented six years4by Americans Dee Horton and Lew Hewitl. They5as a novelty feature, but as their use has grown, their 6 have extended within our technologically advanced world.Particularly7in busy locations or during times of emergency, the doors8crowdmanagement by reducing the obstacles put in people's way.9 making access both in and out of buildings easier for people, the difference in the way many of these doors open helps reduce the total area10 by them. Automatic doors often open to the side, with the panels sliding across one another. Replacing swing doors, these 11 smaller buildings to maximise the usable space inside without having to12 the way for a large, sticking-out door. There are many different types of automatic door, with each13 specific signals to tell them when to open.14 these methods differ, the main15 remain the same.Each automatic door system 16 the light, sound weight or movement in their vicinity as a signal to open. Sensor types are chosen to 17 the different environments they are needed in.18,a busy street might not19 a motion-sensored door, as it would constantly be opening for passers-by. A pressure sensitive mat would be more20 to limit the surveyed area.1.[A]Through [B]Despite [C]Besides [D]Without2.[A]revealing [B]demanding [C]improving[D]tracing3.[A]experience [B]convenience[C]guidance [D]reference4.[A]previously[B]temporarily [C]successively [D]eventually5.[A]held on [B]started out[C]settled down [D]went by6.[A]relations [B]volumes [C]benefits[D]sources7.[A]useful[B]simple [C]flexible [D]stable8.[A]call for [B]yield to [C]insist on [D]act as9.[A]As well as[B]In terms of [C]Thanks to [D]Rather than10.[A]connected[B]shared [C]represented [D]occupied11.[A]allow[B]expect [C]require [D]direct12.[A]adopt [B]lead [C]clear[D]change13.[A]adapting te [B]deriving from [C]relying on[D]pointing at14.[A]Once [B]Since [C]Unless [D]Although15.[A]records [B]positions [C]principles[D]reasons16.[A]controls [B]analyses[C]produces [D]mixes17.[A]decorate [B]compare [C]protect [D]complement18.[A]In conclusion [B]By contrast [C]For example[D]Above all19.[A]identify [B]suit[C]secure [D]include20.[A]appropriate[B]obvious [C]impressive [D]delicateSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)Text 1Nearly 2000 years ago, as the Romans began to pull out of Scotland, they left behind a curious treasure:10 tons of nails, nearly a million of the things. The nail hoard was discovered in 1960 in a four-metre-deep pit covered by two metres of gravel.Why had the Romans bunied a million nails? The likely explanation is that the withdrawal was rushed, and they didn't want the local Caledonians getting their hands on 10 tons of weapon-grade iron. The Romans buried the nails so deep that they would not be discovered for almost two millennia.Later civilisations would value the skilled blacksmith's labour in a nail even more than the raw material. As Roma Agrawal explains in her new delightful book Nuts and Bolts, early 17th-century Virginians would sometimes bum down their homes if they were planning to relocate. This was an attempt to recover the valuable nails, which could be reused after sifting the ashes. The idea that one might bum down an entire house just to reclaim the nails underlines how scarce, costly and valuable the simple-seeming technology was.The price of nails fell by 90%between the late 1700s and mid-1900s,as economist Daniel Sichel points out in a research paper. According to Sichel, although the falling price of nails was driven partly by cheaper iron and cheaper energy, most of the credit goes to nail manufactures who simply found more efficient ways to turn steel into nails.Nails themselves have changed over the years, but Sichel studied them because they haven't changed much. Roman lamps and Roman chariots are very different from LED strips and sports cars,but Roman nails are still clearly nails. It would be absurd to try to track the changing price of sports cars since 1695,but to ask the same question of nails makes perfect sense.I make no apology for being obsessed by a particular feature of these objects: their price. I am an economist, after all. After writing two books about the history of inventions, one thing Ive leamt is that while it is the enchantingly sophisticated technologies that get all the hype, it's thecheap technologies that change the world.The Gutenberg printing press transformed civilisation not by changing the nature of writing but by changing its cost-and it would have achieved little without a parallel collapse in the price of surfaces to write on, thanks to an often-overlooked technology called paper. Solar panels had few niche uses until they became cheap; now they are transforming the global energy system.21.The Romans buried the nails probably for the sake of[A]saving them for future use[B]keeping them from rusting[C]letting them grow in value[D]hiding them from the locals22.The example of early 17th-century Virginians is used to[A]highlight the thriftiness of early American colonists[B]illustrate the high status of blacksmiths in that period[C]contrast the attitudes of different civilisations toward nails[D]show the preciousness of nail-making technology at that time23.What played the major role in lowering the price of nails after the late 1700s?[A]Increased productivity.[B]Wider use of new energies.[C]Fiercer market competition.[D]Reduced cost of raw materials.24.It can be leamed from Paragraph 5 that nails[A]have undergone many technological improvements[B]have remained basically the same since Roman times[C]are less studied than other everyday products[D]are one of the world's most significant inventions25.Which of the following best summarises the last two paragraphs?[A]Cheap technologies bring about revolutionary change.[B]Technological innovation is integral to economic success.[C]Technology defines people's understanding of the world.[D]Sophisticated technologies develop from small inventions.Text 2Parenting tips obtained from hunter-gatherers in Africa may be the key to bringing up more contented children, researchers have suggested. The idea is based on studies of communities such as the Kung of Botswana, where each child is cared for by many adults. Kung children as young as four will help to look after younger ones and baby-wearing", in which infants are carried in slings, is considered the norm.According to Dr Nikhil Chaudhary, an evolutionary anthropologist at Cambridge University, these practices, Known as all oparenting, could lead to less anxiety for children and parents.Dr Annie Swanepoel, a child psychiatrist, believes that there are ways to incorporate them into western life. In Germany, one scheme has paired an old people's home with a nursery. The residents help to look after the children, an arrangement akin to alloparenting. Another measure could be encouraging friendships between children indifferent school years to miror the unsupervised mixed-age playgroups in hunter-gatherer communities.In a paper published in the Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, researchers said that the western nuclear family was a recent invention which family broke with evolutionary history. This abrupt shift to an "intensive mothering narrative", which suggests that mothers should manage childcare alone, was likely to have been harmful. "Such narratives can lead to maternal exhaustion and have dangerous consequences, "they wrote.By contrast, in hunter-gatherer societies adults other than the parents can provide almost half of a child's care. One previous study looked at the Efe people of the Democratic Republic of Congo. It found that infants had an average of 14 alloparents a day by the time they were 18 weeks old and were passed between caregivers eight times an hour.Chaudhary said that parents now had less childcare support from family and social networks than during most of humans'evolutionary history,but introducing additional caregivers could reduce stress and maternal depression,which could have a“knock-on"benefit to a child's wellbeing.An infant bom to a hunter-gatherer society could have more than ten caregivers-this contrasts starkly to nursery settings in the UK where regulations call for a ratio of one carer to four children aged two to three.While hunter-gatherer children leamt from observation and imitation in mixed-age playgroups,researchers said that western"instructive teaching",where pupils are asked to sit still,may contribute to conditions such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Chaudhary said that Britain should explore the possibility that older siblings helping their parents“might also enhance their own social development”26.According to the first two paragraph,alloparenting refers to the practice of[A]sharing child care among community members[B]assigning babies to specific adult caregivers[C]teaching parenting details to older children[D]carrying infants around by their parent27.The scheme in Germany is mentioned to illustrate[A]an attempt to facilitate intergenerational communication[B]an approach to integrating alloparenting into western culture[C]the conventional parenting style in western culture[D]the differences between western African ways ofliving28.According to Paragraph 4,the"intensive mothering narrative"_[A]alleviate parenting pressure[B]considerate family relationships[C]results in the child-centered family[D]departs from the course of evolution29.According to paragraph 6,what can we lean about nursery in the UK?[A]They tend to fall short of official requirements.[B]They have difficulty finding enough caregivers.[C]They ought to improve their carer-to-child ratio.[D]They should try to prevent parental depression.30.Which of the following would be the best title?[A]Instructive teaching:a dilemma for anxious parents[B]For a happier family,learn from the hunter-gatherers[C]Mix-aged playgroup,a better choice for lonely children[D]Tracing the history of parenting:from Africa to EuropeText 3Rutkowski is a Polish digital artist who uses classical painting styles to create dreamy fantasy landscapes.He has made illustrations for games such as Sony's Horizon Forbidden West,Ubisoft's Anno,Dungeons&Dragons,and Magic:The Gathering.And he's become a sudden hit in the new world of text-to-image AI generation.His distinctive style is now one of the most commonly used prompts in the new open-source AI art generator Stable Diffusion,which was launched late last month.The tool,along with other popular image-generation AI models,allows anyone to create impressive images based on text prompts.For example,type in"Wizard with sword and a glowing orb of magic fire fights a fierce dragon GregRutkowski,"and the system will produce something that looks not a milion miles away from works in Rutkowski's style.But these open-source programs are built by scraping images from the Internet,often without permission and proper attribution to artists.As a result,they are raising tricky questions about ethics and copyright.And artists like Rutkowski have had enough.According to the website Lexica,which tracks over 10 million images and prompts generated by Stable Diffusion,Rutkowski's name has been used as a prompt around 93,000 times.Some of the world's most famous artists,such as Michelangelo,Pablo Picasso,and Leonardo da Vinci,brought up around 2,000 prompts each or less.Rutkowski's name also features as a prompt thousands of times in the Discord of another text-to-image generator,Midjourney.Rutkowski was initially surprised but thought it might be a good way to reach new audiences.Then he tried searching for his name to see if a piece he had worked on had been published.The online search brought back work that had his name attached to it but wasn't his.“It's been just a month.What about in a year?I probably won't be able to find my work out there because[the internet]will be flooded with AI art,"Rutkowski says."That's concerning."“There is a coalition growing within artist industries to figure out how to tackle or mitigate this,"says Ortiz.The group is in its early days of mobilization,which could involve pushing for new policies or regulation.One suggestion is that AI models could be trained on images in the public domain,and AI companies could forge partnerships with museums and artists,Ortiz says.31.What can be leamed about Rutkowski from the first two paragraphs?[A]He is enthusiastic about AI generation painting.[B]He is popular with the users of an Al art generator.[C]He attracts admiration from other illustrators.[D]He specializes in classical painting digitalization.32.The problem with open-source AI art generators is that they[A]lack flexibility in responding to prompts[B]produce artworks in unpredictable styles[C]make unauthorized use of online images[D]collect user information without consent33.After searching online,Rutkowski found[A]a unique way to reach audiences[B]a new method to identify Al images[C]AI-generated work bearing his name[D]heated disputes regarding his copyright34.According to Ortiz,AI companies are advised to[A]campaign for new policies or regulations[B]offer their services to public institutions[C]strengthen their relationships with AI users[D]adopt a different strategy for Al model training35.What is the text mainly about?[A]Artists'responses to Al art generation.[B]AI's expanded role in artistic creation.[C]Privacy issues in the application of Al.[D]Opposing views on AI development.Text 4The miracle of the Chesapeake Bay lies not in its depths,but in the complexity of its natural construction,the interaction of fresh and saline water and the mix of land and water.The shallows provide homes for hundreds of species while storing floodwaters,filtering pollutants from water,and protecting nearby communities from potentially destructive storm surges.All this was put at great risk late last month,when the US Supreme Court issued a ruling in an Idaho case that provides the EPA far less authority to regulate wetlands and waterways.Specifically,a 5-4 majority decided that wetlands protected by the EPA under it Clean Water Act authority must have a“continuous surface connection”to bodies of water.This narrowing of the regulatory scope was a victory for builders,mining operators and other commercial interests often at odds with environmental rules.And it carries"significant repercussions for water quality and flood control throughout the US,"as Justice Brett Kavanaugh observed.In Maryland,the good news is that there are many state laws in place that provide wetlands protections.But that's a very shortsighted view,particularly when it comes to the Chesapeake Bay.The reality is that water and the pollutants that so often come with it,don't respect state boundaries.The Chesapeake draws from a 64000-square-mile watershed that extends to Virginia,Pennsylvania,New York,West Virginia,the District of Columbia and Delaware.Will thosejurisdictions extend the same protections now denied under Sackett V.EPA?Perhaps some,but all?That seems unlikely.It is too easy,and misleading,to see such court rulings as merely standing up for the rights of land owners when the consequences can be so dire for their neighbors.And it's reminder that they EPA's involvement in the Chesapeake Bay program has long been crucial as the means to transcend the influence of deep-pocketed special interests in neighboring states.Pennsylvania farmers,to use one telling example,aren't thinking about next year's blue crab harvest in Maryland when they decide whether to spread animal waste on their fields,yet the runoff into nearby creeks can have enormous impacts downstream.And so we would also call on state lawmakers from Richmond to Albany to consider reviewing their own wetlands protections and see for themselves the enormous stakes involved.We can't offer them a trip to the Chesapeake Bay model.It's been gone since the 1980s but perhaps a visit to Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge in Dorchester County where American bald eagles fly over tidal marshes so shallow you could not paddle a boat across them but teaming with aquatic life.It's worth the scenic drive.36.The Chesapeake Bay is described in Paragraph 1 as[A]a value natural environment[B]a controversial conservation area[C]a place with commercial potential[D]a headache for nearby communities37.The U.S.Supreme Court's ruling in the Idaho case[A]reinforces water pollution control[B]weakens the EPA's regulatory power[C]will end conflicts among local residents[D]may face opposition from mining operators38.How does the author feel about the future of the Chesapeake Bay?[A]Worried.[B]Puzzled.[C]Relieved[D]Encouraged.39.What can be inferred about the EPA's involvement in the Chesapeake BayProgram?[A]It has restored the balance among neighboring jurisdictions.[B]It has triggered a radical reform in commercial fisheries.[C]It has set a fine example of respecting state authorities.[D]It has ensured the coordination of protection efforts.40.The author holds that the state lawmakers should[A]be cautious about the influence of landowners[B]attach due importance to wetlands protections[C]recognize the need to expand wildlife refugesPart BDirections:Read the following comments on a report about American museums returning artifacts to their countries of origin and a list of statements summarizing the comments.Choose the best statement from the list A-G for each numbered name(41—45).There are two extra choices which you do not need to use.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)(41)HannabSimply,there are people in Nigeria who cannot travel to the Smithsonian Institution to see that part of their history and culture represented by the Benin Bronzes.These should be available to them as part of their cultural heritage and history and as a source of national pride.There is no good reason that these artifacts should be beyond the ordinary reach of the educational objectives or inspiration of the generations to which they were left.They serve no purpose in a museum in the United States or elsewhere except as curious objects.They cannot be compared to works of art produced for sale which can be passed from hand to hand and place to place by purchase.(42)BuckWe know very exact reproductions of artwork can be and are regularly produced.Perhaps museums and governments might explore some role for the use of nearly exact reproductions as a means of resolving issues relating to returning works of art and antiquities.The context of any exhibit is more important to me than whether the object being displayed is 2,000 years old or 2 months old.In many cases the experts have a hard time agreeing on what is the real object and what is a forgery.Again,the story an exhibit is trying to tell is what matters.The monetary value of the objects on display is a distant second place in importance.(43)SaraWhen visiting the Baltimore Museum of Art,I came across a magnificentlSth-century Chinese sculpture.It inspired me to learm more about the culture that it represented.Artifacts in museums have the power to inspire,and perhaps spark that need to learn and understand the nature of their creators.Having said that,I do feel that whatever artifacts find their way to public museums should,in fact,be sanctioned as having been obtained on loan,legally purchased,or obtained by treaty.Stealing artifacts from other peoples'cultures is obscene;it robs not only the physical objects,but the dignity and spirit of their creators.(44)VictorAncient art that is displaced in foreign countries should be returned.…(缺失)(45)JuliaTo those of you in the comments section,by all means,who are having strong feeling about artifacts being removed from cities in the US and Britain,I would ask you to consider…(缺失)[A]It is clear that countries of origin have never been compensated for stolen artifacts.[B]It is a flawed line of reasoning to argue against returning artifacts to their countries of origin.[C]Museum visitor can still learn as much from artifacts copies after the originals are returmed.[D]Reproductions,even if perfectly made,cannot take the place of the authentic objects.[E]The real value of artifacts can only be recognized in their countries of origin rather than anywhere else[F]Ways to get artifacts from other countries must be decent and lawful.[G]Concern over security is no excuse for refusing to return artifacts to their countries of origin. 参考答案：41.E 42.C 43.F 44.G 45.BPart CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)“Elephants never forget”—or so they say—and that piece of folklore seems to have some foundation.The African savanna elephant also known as the African bush elephant,is distributed across 37 African countries.(46)They sometimes travel more than sixty miles to find food or water,anc are very good at working out where other elephants are—even when they are out of ing tracking devices,researchers have shown that they have"remarkable spatial acuity",when finding their way to waterholes,they headed off in exactly the right direction,on one occasion from a distance of roughly thirty miles.What is more,they almost always seem to choose the nearest water hole.(47)The researchers are convinced that the elephants always know precisely where they are in relation to all the resources they need,and can therefore take shortcuts,as well as following familiar routes.Although the cues used by African elephants for long-distance navigation are not yet understood,smell may well play a part.Elephants are very choosy eaters,but until recently litle was known about how they selected their food.(48)One possibility was that they merely used their eyes and tried out the plants they found,but that would probably result in a lot of wasted time and energy,not least because their eyesight is actually not very good.(49)The volatile chemicals produced by plants can be carried a long way,and they are very characteristic:Each plant or tree has its own particular odor signature.What is more,they can be detected even when they are not actually visible.New research suggests that smell is a crucial factor in guiding elephants—and probably other herbivores—to the best food resources.The researchers first established what kinds of plant the elephants preferred either to eat or avoid when foraging freely.They then set up a“food station”experiment,in which they gave elephants a series of choices based only on smell.(50)The experiment showed that elephants may well use smell to identify patches of trees that are good to eat,and secondly to assess the quality ofthe trees within each patch.Free-ranging elephants presumably also use this information to locate their preferred food.参考译文：(46)它们有时跋涉六十多英里寻找食物或水，并且非常善于寻找其他大象的位置——即使它们不在视线范围内。

英语考研学科试题及答案Part I: Vocabulary and Grammar (20 points)Question 1: Choose the word that best completes the sentence.The new policy has been implemented with the aim of reducing air pollution and improving the _______ of life for the residents.A) QualityB) QuantityC) EqualityD) DiversityAnswer: A) QualityQuestion 2: Fill in the blank with the correct form of theverb in parentheses.Despite the heavy rain, the marathon runners continued to run, completely _______ the weather conditions.A) IgnoringB) IgnoredC) To ignoreD) Being ignoredAnswer: A) IgnoringPart II: Reading Comprehension (40 points)Passage 1:In recent years, the rise of digital technology has transformed the way we communicate and access information. The article discusses the impact of digitalization on education and the workplace.Question 1: What is the main topic of the passage?A) The history of digital technologyB) The impact of digitalization on societyC) The benefits of digital communicationD) The future of education in a digital ageAnswer: B) The impact of digitalization on societyQuestion 2: According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a benefit of digital technology in education?A) Increased accessibility to learning materialsB) Enhanced student-teacher interactionC) Reduced costs for educational resourcesD) Decreased reliance on physical textbooksAnswer: D) Decreased reliance on physical textbooksPart III: Cloze Test (20 points)Read the following passage and fill in the blanks with the correct option from the choices given.In the modern world, the role of technology is _______. It has become an integral part of our daily lives, from the way we communicate to the way we work. The advancements in technology have brought about significant changes in various sectors, including healthcare, education, and business.A) InevitableB) UnprecedentedC) InsignificantD) ObsoleteAnswer: B) UnprecedentedPart IV: Translation (20 points)Translate the following sentences from English to Chinese.1. The rapid development of the internet has made it possible for people to access information from anywhere in the world.2. Environmental protection has become a global concern, and it is the responsibility of every individual to contribute to a sustainable future.Answer:1. 互联网的快速发展使人们能够从世界任何地方获取信息。