英语主语部分讲解
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在英语中什么是主语、谓语、宾语、状语、表语、定语、补语、宾补组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分。
英语句子成分有主语,谓语,表语,宾语,宾语补足语,定语,状语等。
顺序一般是主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,而表语,定语,状语的位置要根据情况而定1、主语2、主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物,一般由名词,代词,数词,不定式等充当3、He likes watching TV. 他喜欢看电视2、谓语谓语说明主语的动作,状态或特征。
一般可分为两类:1),简单谓语由动词(或短语动词)构成。
可以有不同的时态,语态和语气。
We study for the people我们为人民学习。
2),复合谓语:情态动词+不定式I can speak alittle En glish 我可以说一点英语。
3、表语表语是谓语的一部分,它位于系动词如be之后,说明主语身份,特征,属性或状态。
一般由名词,代词,形容词,副词,不定式,介词短语等充当。
My sisteris a nurse我姐姐是护士。
4、宾语宾语表示动作行为的对象,跟在及物动词之后,能作宾语的有名词,代词,数词,动词不定式等。
We like En glish.我们喜欢英语。
有些及物动词可以带两个宾语,往往一个指人,一个指物,指人的叫间接宾语,指物的叫直接宾语。
He gave me some ink他给了我一点墨水。
有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语,意思才完整,宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。
如:We make himour monitor.5、定语——在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。
用作定语的主要是形容词,代词,数词,名词,副词,动词不定式,介词短语等。
形容词,代词,数词,名词等作定语时,通常放在被修饰的词前面。
He is a new stude nt他是个新生。
但副词,动词不定式,介词短语等作定语时,则放在被修饰的词之后。
The bike in the room is mine房间里的自行车是我的。
在初中英语中,主语、谓语和宾语是句子结构中非常重要的部分。
以下是对它们的简要讲解:
主语(Subject):主语是句子的主要成分,它通常表示动作的执行者或状态的主体。
在句子中,主语位于句首,并且通常由名词、代词或名词短语来担任。
例如:“The cat sat on the mat.”(猫坐在垫子上。
)在这个句子中,“The cat”就是主语,表示动作“sat”的执行者。
谓语(Predicate):谓语是句子的核心部分,它描述了主语的动作或状态。
在句子中,谓语紧跟在主语之后,并且通常由动词来担任。
例如:“The cat sat on the mat.”(猫坐在垫子上。
)在这个句子中,“sat”就是谓语,描述了主语“The cat”的动作。
宾语(Object):宾语是句子中动作的接受者或状态的主体。
宾语可以由名词、代词、名词短语或动名词来担任。
例如:“She likes reading books.”(她喜欢读书。
)在这个句子中,“reading books”就是宾语,表示动作“likes”的对象。
需要注意的是,一个句子中可能只有一个主语和谓语,但可能有多个宾语。
另外,除了主语、谓语和宾语之外,还有其他一些成分,如定语、状语、补足语等,它们在句子中也起着重要的作用。
在英语中什么是主语、谓语、宾语、状语、表语、定语、、宾补组成句子的各个部分叫。
英语有主语,谓语,表语,宾语,,定语,状语等。
顺序一般是主语,谓语,宾语,,而表语,定语,状语的位置要根据情况而定1、主语2、主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物,一般由名词,代词,,等充当3、He likes watching TV.他喜欢看电视2、谓语谓语说明主语的动作,状态或特征。
一般可分为两类:1),由动词(或)构成。
可以有不同的时态,和语气。
We study for the people.我们为人民学习。
2),:+I can speak alittle English.我可以说一点英语。
3、表语表语是谓语的一部分,它位于如be之后,说明主语身份,特征,属性或状态。
一般由名词,代词,形容词,副词,,等充当。
My is a nurse.我姐姐是护士。
4、宾语宾语表示动作行为的对象,跟在之后,能作宾语的有名词,代词,,等。
We like English.我们喜欢英语。
有些可以带两个宾语,往往一个指人,一个指物,指人的叫,指物的叫。
He gave me some ink.他给了我一点墨水。
有些的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语,意思才完整,宾语和它的补足语构成。
如:We make himour monitor.5、定语——在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。
用作定语的主要是形容词,代词,,名词,副词,,等。
形容词,代词,数词,名词等作定语时,通常放在被修饰的词前面。
He is a new student.他是个新生。
但副词,,等作定语时,则放在被修饰的词之后。
The bike in the room is mine.房间里的是我的。
6、状语修饰动词,形容词,副词以及全句的,叫做状语。
用作状语的通常是副词,介词短语,不定式和从句等。
状语一般放在被修饰的词之后或放在句尾。
副词作状语时可放在被修饰的词前或句首。
He lives in London.他住在伦敦。
在英语中什么是主语、谓语、宾语、状语、表语、定语、补语、宾补-的位置组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分。
英语句子成分有主语,谓语,表语,宾语,宾语补足语,定语,状语等。
顺序一般是主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,而表语,定语,状语的位置要根据情况而定。
1、主语主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物,一般由名词,代词,数词,不定式等充当。
He likes watching TV.他喜欢看电视。
2、谓语谓语说明主语的动作,状态或特征。
一般可分为两类:1),简单谓语由动词(或短语动词)构成。
可以有不同的时态,语态和语气。
We study for the peo ple.我们为人民学习。
2),复合谓语:情态动词+不定式I can speakalit tleEng lish.我可以说一点英语。
3、表语表语是谓语的一部分,它位于系动词如be 之后,说明主语身份,特征,属性或状态。
一般由名词,代词,形容词,副词,不定式,介词短语等充当。
My sister is a nurse.我姐姐是护士。
4、宾语宾语表示动作行为的对象,跟在及物动词之后,能作宾语的有名词,代词,数词,动词不定式等。
We like English.我们喜欢英语。
有些及物动词可以带两个宾语,往往一个指人,一个指物,指人的叫间接宾语,指物的叫直接宾语。
He gave me some ink.他给了我一点墨水。
有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语,意思才完整,宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。
如:We make him our monitor.我们选他当班长。
5、定语在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。
用作定语的主要是形容词,代词,数词,名词,副词,动词不定式,介词短语等。
形容词,代词,数词,名词等作定语时,通常放在被修饰的词前面。
He is a new student.他是个新生。
但副词,动词不定式,介词短语等作定语时,则放在被修饰的词之后。
The bike in the room is mine.房间里的自行车是我的。
英语句子成分讲解一、主语(subject):句子说明的人或事物。
The sun rises in the east. (名词)He likes dancing. (代词)Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词)Seeing is believing. (动名词)To see is to believe. (不定式)What he needs is a book. (主语从句)It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.(It形式主语,主语从句是真正主语)二、谓语(predicate):说明主语的动作、状态和特征。
We study English.He is asleep.三、表语(predicative):系动词之后的成分,表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
He is a teacher. (名词)Seventy-four! You don’t look it. (代词)Five and five is ten. (数词)He is asleep. (形容词)His father is in. (副词)The picture is on the wall. (介词短语)My watch is gone / missing / lost. (形容词化的分词)To wear a flower is to say “I’m poor, I can’t buy a ring. ” (不定式)The question is whether they will come. (表语从句)常见的系动词有: be, sound(听起来),look(看起来),feel(摸起来),smell(闻起来),taste(尝、吃起来),remain(保持,仍是),feel(感觉) ….It sounds a good idea.The sound sounds strange.Her voice sounds sweet.Tom looks thin.The food smells delicious.The food tastes good.The door remains open.Now I feel tired.三、宾语:1)动作的承受者——动宾I like China. (名词)He hates you. (代词)How many do you need? We need two. (数词)We should help the old and the poor.I enjoy working with you. (动名词)I hope to see you again. (不定式)Did you write down what he said? (宾语从句)2)介词后的名词、代词和动名词——介宾Are you afraid of the snake?Under the snow, there are many rocks.3) 双宾语——间宾(指人)和直宾(指物)He gave me a book yesterday.Give the poor man some money.四、宾补:对宾语的补充,全称为宾语补足语。
讲解英语当中主谓宾定状补的句子成分(简单易懂)在英语中,主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语是句子中重要的组成部分,每个部分扮演不同的语法功能。
1. 主语:主语是句子的核心元素,通常表示动作的执行者或被描述的实体。
例句:①John is studying. (John is the subject)。
约翰正在学习。
(其中约翰是主语)②The dog is barking. (The dog is the subject)。
那只狗在叫。
(其中那只狗是主语)2. 谓语:谓语是句子的核心元素,表示主语的动作、状态或存在。
例句:①She sings beautifully. (sings beautifully is the predicate)。
她唱得很美。
(其中唱得很美是谓语)②They are happy. (are happy is the predicate)。
他们很快乐。
(其中很快乐是谓语)3. 宾语:宾语是句子的补充成分,通常表示动作的接受者或动词的目标。
例句:①I like apples. (apples is the object)。
我喜欢苹果。
(其中苹果是宾语)②He saw a movie. (a movie is the object)。
他看了一部电影。
(其中一部电影是宾语)4. 定语:定语是句子中的修饰成分,限制或描述名词或代词。
例句:①The red car is fast. (red is the adjective)。
那辆红车很快。
(红是定语)②She bought a comfortable bed. (comfortable is the adjective)。
她买了一张舒适的床。
(舒适是定语)5. 状语:状语是句子中的修饰成分,描述或补充有关动作、方式、时间、地点等的信息。
例句:①They ran quickly. (quickly is the adverb)。
他们跑得很快。
英语主谓宾表定状补成分精简讲解一.主语:主语(subject) 是一个句子的主题( theme),是句子所述说的主体。
它的位置一般在一句之首。
可用作主语的有单词、短语、从句乃至句子。
1.名词作主语。
A tree has fallen across the road. (倒下横在)Little streams feed big rivers. ( 小河流入大江。
)2.代词用作主语。
You’re not far wrong. (你差不多对了)。
He told a joke but it fell flat. (他说了个笑话,但没有引人发笑)3.数词用作主语。
Three is enough. 三个就够了。
Four from seven leaves three. 7减4余3。
4.名词化的形容词用作主语。
The idle are forced to work. 懒汉被迫劳动。
Old and young marched side by side. 老少并肩而行。
5.副词用作主语。
Now is the time. 现在是时候了。
Carefully does it. 小心就行。
6.名词化的介词作主语。
The ups and downs of life must be taken as they come.7.不定式用作主语。
To find your way can be a problem.你能否找到路可能是一个问题。
It would be nice to see him again.8.动名词用作主语。
Smoking is bad for you. Watching a film is pleasure,but making one is hard work.9.名词化的过去分词用作主语。
The disabled are to receive more money. The deceased died of old age.10.介词短语用作主语。
英语中特殊的主语单复数形式的知识讲解编者按:英语中有一些主语看上去像是单数,又像是复数,比较模糊,必须弄清解决它们的方法。
下面小编就来带你一起学习下,希望对大家有帮助。
英语谓语的第一个动词(包括助动词、情态动词、系动词、实义动词)以词形变化的方式体现与其主语在人称、数两个方面的搭配关系,这些搭配关系就叫主谓一致关系。
特别需要注意较特殊的主语单复数形式。
集体名词people(人们),police(警察),cattle(牛),poultry(家禽),militia(民兵)等常用作复数。
The people here are very honest.这里的人们很诚实。
Their cattle are grazing out.他们的牛都在外面吃草。
但是,有些集体名词既可以作单数,又可以作复数,作单数时强调其整体性,作复数时强调其成员的个体性。
George’s family is a large family.乔治的家庭是一个大家庭。
George’s fa mily are all soccer fans.乔治的家人都是足球迷。
The audience is very quiet.听众(整体)很安静。
The audience are singing with the singer.听众(每个人)在跟歌手一起唱。
不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时,多半看作复数;但是有时候它当作一个整体看时,则可以当作复数。
10 bags of cement are lying on the ground.十袋水泥躺在地上。
There are 500 grams of mineral water in the bottle.瓶子里有500克矿泉水。
5 kilometers of running is a piece of cake.跑5公里是小菜一碟。
10,000 dollars of cashis far from enough.一万美元现金远远不够。
The direction of the tree is determined by the wind.同学互助一起进步(页眉可删)英语主语用法讲解一.主语一致原则:即主语为单数,谓语用单数,主语为复数,谓语也用复数.1.带有with,along with,together with,like(象),but(除了),except,besides,as well as,no less than,rather than(而不是),including,in addition to引导的短语,谓语动词的数与主语的数保持一致.如:Air as well as water is matter.空气和水都是物质.No one except two servants was late for the dinner.除了两个仆人外,没有一个人迟来用餐2.用and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人,同一事,同一概念,谓语动词用单数,否则用复数.如:The poet and writer has come.那位诗人兼作家来了.(一个人)A hammer and a saw are useful tools.锤子和锯都是有用的工具.(两样物)3.不定式(短语),动名词(短语),或从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数.如:588.esServing the people is my great happiness.为人民服务是我最大的.幸福.When we’ll go out for an outing has been decided.我们什么时候出去郊游已决定了.4.并列主语被each,every或no修饰时,谓语动词用单数.Every boy and every girl likes to go swimming.每个男孩和每个女孩都喜欢去游泳.No teacher and no student was absent from the meeting.没有老师也没有学生开会缺席.Each man and(each)woman is asked to help.每个男人和每个女人都被请去帮忙.5.若主语中有more than one或many a/an,尽管从意义上看是复数,但它的谓语动词仍用单数.但more+复数名词+than one做主语时,谓语动词仍用复数.如:Many a boy likes playing basketball.许多男生都喜欢打篮球.More than one student was late.不只一个学生迟到More persons than one come to help us.不止一个人来帮助我们.6.名词如:trousers,scissors,clothes,goods,glasses等作主语时,谓语动词必须用复数.如:His clothes are good.但这些名词前若出现a pair of,谓语一般用单数.如:A pair of glasses is on the desk.桌上有一副眼镜.7.形复意单名词如:news;以ics结尾的学科名称如:physics,mathematics,economics;国名如:the United States;报纸名如:the New Times;书名如:Arabian Night天方夜谈;以及The United Nations联合国等作主语时,谓语动词用单数.8.“a+名词+and a half“,“one and a half+名词”,“the number of+名词”等作主语时,谓语动词要用单数.如: Only one and a half apples is left on the table.二.语法一致原则:1.主语中有all,half,most,the rest等,以及”分数或百分数+名词”做主语时,谓语动词单复数取决于连用的名词.如:The rest of the bikes are on sale today.剩下的自行车,今天出售.60%of the apple was eaten by little boy.这个苹果的60%都被这个小男孩吃了.Most of the apples were rotten.大部分的苹果都是烂的.Most of the apple was eaten by a rat.这个苹果的大部分被老鼠吃了.2.不定数量的词组,如:part of,a lot of,lots of,one of,a number of,plenty of等作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于量词后面名词的数.如:A part of the textbooks have arrived.一小部分教科书已运到.A part of the apple has been eaten up by the pig.这个苹果的一部分被猪吃光了.3.加减乘除用单数.如:Fifteen minus five is ten.15减去5等于10.4.表示时间,金钱,距离,度量等的名词做主语时,尽管是复数形式,它们做为一个单一的概念时,其谓语动词用单数.如:Ten miles is a good distance.十英里是一个相当的距离.5.通常作复数的集体名词.包括police,people,cattle等,这些集体名词通常用作复数.如:The British police have only very limited powers.6.the+形容词/过去分词形式”表示一类人或事物,作主语时,谓语动词用复数.如:The injured were saved after the fire.三.就近原则1.由here,there,where等引导的倒装句中,(有时主语不止一个时)谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致.如:Here comes the bus公共汽车来了.Here is a pen and some pieces of paper for you.给你一支钢笔和几张纸Where is your wife and children to stay while you are away?你不在这儿的时候,你爱人和孩子在哪儿呆呢?2.用连词or,either....or,neither….nor,notonly….but also等连接的并列主语,谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致.如:Neither the students nor the teacher knows anything about it学生和老师都不知道这事.He or you have taken my pen.他或你拿了我的钢笔.今天的内容就介绍到这里了。
Lecture 1 Subject(主语部分)Unit 1 名词短语充当主语1. Proper,scientific study of the impacts of dams and of the costs and benefits of controlling water can help to resolve these conflicts. (1998-1-6)针对大坝的影响和治水的耗资与收益进行合理科学的研究能有助于解决这些冲突。
2. As a result, the support for ambition as a healthy impulse, a quality to be admired and fixed in the mind of the young is probably lower than it has ever been in the United States. (2000-5-3) 其结果,对雄心壮志的支持,支持它作为一种健康的冲动,一种受人尊重并扎根于年轻人心中的品德,也许低于美国以往的任何时期。
3. The coming of age of the postwar baby boom and an entry of women into the male-dominated job market have limited the opportunities of teen-agers who are already questioning the heavy personal sacrifices involved in climbing Japan ' s rigid social ladder to good schools and jobs. (2000-4-2)战后生育高峰年代的到来,以及女性进入男性为主的劳动力市场,已经限制了年轻人的机会。
他们已经对攀登日本严格的社会阶梯以获得较好的教育和工作所付出的巨大个人代价提出质疑。
4. Energy conservation, a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries has reduced oil consumption. (2002-3-4)能源节约、燃料替代和能耗大的重工业重要性的衰减都减少了石油的消耗量。
5. Now a pink slip, a bad diagnosis, or a disappearing spouse can reduce a family from solidly middle class to newly poor in a few months. (2007-3-1)目前,一次解雇、一个不祥的医学诊断或者配偶的去世都能够在几个月里把一个家庭从殷实的中产阶级降低为新的贫困阶层。
Unit 2 动名词短语充当主语1. "Setting the proper investment level for security, redundancy, and recovery is a management issue, not a technical one, he says. (2007-4-3) ”他说:“为信息的安全、冗余以及恢复确定适当的投资水平是一个管理问题而不是一个技术问题。
”2. With thousands of career-related sites on the Internet, finding promising openings can betime-consuming and inefficient. (2004-1-2)由于互联网上有成千上万个与求职相关的网站,寻找可能的职位空缺费时且无效率。
3. Working with a personal search agent means having another set of eyes looking out for you.拥有一个个人搜索代理意味着有另外一双眼睛为你巡视。
4. And, of course, speaking a language does not necessarily mean that someone understands social and cultural patterns. (1997-2-5)当然说一种语言并不一定意味着某人能理解其社会及文化模式。
5. Getting a table at Manhattan’s hot new Alain Ducasse restaurant used to be impossible. (2004-3-4)过去在曼哈顿的新艾伦杜可斯饭店找个餐位是不可能的。
6. Narrowing your criteria, for example,may work against you. “Every time you answer a question you eliminate a possibility,,says one expert. (2004-1-2) ,比如缩小你的要求条件就有可能对你不利。
一位专家说:“每回答一个问题,你就失去一个机会。
”7. Strengthening economic growth, at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere, could push the price higher still in the short term. (2002-3-2)强劲的经济增长,加上冬季笼罩了北半球,可能在短期内使价格涨得更高。
Unit 3 动词不定式短语充当主语1. But to be fascinated is also, sometimes, to be blind. (1998-1-1)但是痴迷有时也意味着盲目。
2. It is not possible to determine whether both continents are moving in opposite directionsor whether one continent is stationary and the other is drifting away from it. (1998-5-2) 无法断定是否两个大陆是都向相反的方向移动,还是一个大陆没有运动,另一个大陆正在漂离它而去。
3. It is, however, presumptuous to insist that there will only be so many jobs for so many scientists, so many businessmen, so many accountants. (1999-3-3)但是坚持未来科学家、商人、会计师职位的固定数量是武断的。
4. If you are part of the group which you are addressing, you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and it' 11 be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman’s notorious bad taste in ties. (2002-1-3)如果你是你谈话群体的一部分,你就要了解你们所共有的经历和问题; 你对餐厅那难以下咽的食物和总裁在选择领带方面糟糕的品味进行评头论足是可以的。
5. It takes more than a brief encounter on a bus to distinguish between courteous convention and individual interest. (1997-2-5)区别礼貌的习俗和个人兴趣不能单凭一次公共汽车上的短暂相遇。
Unit 4 that 引导的从句充当主语1. That the seas are being over fished has been known for years. (2006-3-2)许多年以来海洋正在被过度捕捞已是尽人皆知。
2. That the plates are moving is now beyond dispute. (1998-5-2)板块在移动.现在已经是无可争辩的事实。
3. But it is hardly inevitable that companies on the Web will need to resort to push strategies to make money. (1999-2-4)但网络上的公司借助强行推送策略去挣钱并非不可避免。
4. It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers thumb through their phone directories. (2004-2-2)很久以来人们就知道,当顾客翻看电话号码本的时候,与一家名叫Zodiac 的出租车公司相比,名字叫AAAA 的出租车公司占有相当大的优势。
5. Surely it should be obvious to the dimmest executive that trust, that most valuable of economic assets, is easily destroyed and hugely expensive to restore—and that few things are more likely to destroy trust than a company letting sensitive personal data get into the wrong hands. (2007-4-4) 即使最迟钝的管理人员也应该明确:信任,经济财产中最有价值的部分,是最容易遭到破坏的,并且恢复成本极高——并且没有什么事情能够比公司将敏感的个人数据流入不法之手更可能毁掉信任。