[原创]高考英语语法之数词

高考英语“数词知识点”解析高考语法的难度加大，在考试中的比例也大大增加了，完型、阅读、写作都需要语法的熟练运用。

这里为大家整理了语法中数词的用法！一、基数词（表示数目多少或顺序先后的词叫数词）1.基数词的构成：1-10one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten;11-19eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen;20-90twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety;≥ 100100 a/one hundred;1,000 a/one thousand;1,000,000 a/one million;1, 000,000,000 a/one billion = a/one thousand million2. 基数词的用法1)作主语：Three will be enough for us.三个对我们来说就足够了。

Two of the girls are from Tokyo.这些姑娘中有两位来自东京。

2)作宾语：Four people applied for this job, but we only need one.四个人申请这工作，但我们仅需一人。

3)作表语：The population of China is over 1.3 billion.中国有十三亿多人口。

I’m twenty while my brother is sixteen.我二十岁，我弟弟十六岁。

4)作定语：We have 300 workers in our company.我们公司有三百名员工。

Forty students were involved in the interview. 四十名学生参加了这次采访。

高考英语数词和量词数词和量词是英语中非常重要的词汇部分，它们在我们的日常交流和写作中经常被使用。

在高考英语考试中，数词和量词也是一个重要的考察点。

本文将从数词和量词的基本概念、用法以及常见考点进行介绍和解析。

一、数词的基本概念和用法1. 基数词：表示具体的数目，如one, two, three等。

在句子中可以用来修饰名词、作主语、宾语、表语等。

例句：- I have two cats.（我有两只猫。

）- Five students are absent today.（今天有五个学生缺席。

）2. 序数词：表示顺序或次序，如first, second, third等。

通常以th结尾。

例句：- He came in second in the race.（他在比赛中获得第二名。

）- Today is the fifteenth of June.（今天是六月十五日。

）3. 分数词：表示分数或比率的词，如half, one third, two fifths等。

例句：- She ate half of the cake.（她吃了蛋糕的一半。

）- Two thirds of the students voted for the plan.（三分之二的学生投票赞成这个计划。

）二、量词的基本概念和用法量词是用来表示数目或数量的名词，它通常和数词、形容词或代词一起使用，在句子中用来修饰名词。

1. 常用的量词：- a/an：表示“一个”，用于不可数名词和单数可数名词前。

- a bottle of：一瓶- a cup of：一杯- a piece of：一片/块- a pair of：一双- a kilogram of：一公斤- a meter of：一米2. 量词的位置：量词通常位于名词前，但在形容词最高级前或不定代词some, any, many, much等之后。

例句：- Would you like a cup of tea?（你想要一杯茶吗？）- She has two pairs of shoes.（她有两双鞋。

三、数词★基数词表示数量的词叫基数词。

1-12的基数词是独立单词；13-19的基数词都是以-teen结尾的，要注意thirteen，fifteen，eighteen的拼法稍有不同；20-90的十位数，以后缀-ty结尾，要注音twenty，thirty，fifty，eighty的特殊点。

如下表：1基数词的读法⒈三位数的读法：第一个数字+hundred +and+后面的一位或两位数字。

如：107→one hundred and seven；765→seven hundred and sixty-five⒉1,000以上的数的读法：先从后向前数，每三位数加一个逗号，第一个逗号前的数字用thousand（千），第二个逗号前的数字用million（百万），用“几十thousand“表示“几万"，以“几百thousand"表示"几十万”，用“几十million"表示“几千万"，用“几百million"表示"几亿"。

如：13,789,653→thirteen million seven hundred and eighty-nine thousand six hundred andfifty-three2数词的复数形式⒈表示几十岁时。

如“二十多岁”说twenties，表示的是20岁到29岁。

依次类推，thirties 表示“三十几岁"，forties 表示四十几岁”，但十几岁”不可说tens，而要说teens，指13岁至19岁。

如：He died in his thirties.She is in her teens.⒉表示几十年代时。

如：“二十世纪八十年代”写成1980s或1980s，均读作nineteen eighties，指的是1980至1989年这十年间，需注意的是，年代用文字表示时则不可用-s形式。

如：Great changes took place in the l970s.History has entered the eighties.⒊表示不确定数目时。

语法复习十六：数词高考重点要求：1．掌握基数词、序数词、分数词、倍数、百分数、年月日、钟点、年龄、序号的基本用法。

2．掌握不定数量词、约数词的表达方法。

数词在各个题项中，单选、阅读、听力、写作中发挥着很强的作用，往往用以说明事实的精确性和可信性。

数词是由两大部分构成的即基数词和序数词，而其他数字表示法如分数，小数等均由这两大部分的不同组合而构成。

1.英语中年月日、点钟、序数词、分数词、算式列表示例英语表示法．6．30 June 30, 30June, 30thJune,7：25 seven twenty-five twenty-five past even12:54 twelve fifty four six to one9:15 nine fifteen a quarter past nine2:30 two thirty half past two21:50 twenty-one fifty 9:50p.m.第21 twenty-first第123 one hundred and twenty-thirda halftwo and two-fifths 20% 20 per cent 20 percent第七路公共汽车 Bus Number Seven第201房间 Room 201人民路153号 153 Renmin Road4+8 =12 Four plus eight is twelve11-7=4 Eleven minus seven is four.6×5=30 Six times five is thirty.20÷5=4 twenty divided by five is four.A ＞B A is more than B.A ＜B A is less than B.A ≈B A is approximately (近似地, 大约)equals to B.A ≠B A is not equal to B. 2.约数表示法列表含义 英语表达 例句大于某数 more than He has lived here for more than twenty years.over she is over fifty.or more There're thirty people or more in the meeting-room.小于某数 less than I have less than (not more than )fifty dollars.under Children under seven are not allowed to enter.below He would not sell it for below a hundred fifty dollars.or less The coat might cost him sixty dollars or less.大约（某数） nearly She is nearly fifty now.almost Its almost three o'clock.up to Up to ten men can sleep in this tent.or He spent four or five days writing the article.or so The distance is twenty miles or so.about I visited that village about three years ago.some Their team has some four or five players.more or less The container can hold more or less twenty pounds of water.around/round Let's make it round/around eight o'clock.3.不定数量词“多”的表示法列表被修饰名词的数英语表达 汉译 修饰可数名词dozens of 几十、许多 scores of许多21522many, a good(great) many, many a (饰单数可数名词) 许多、大量hundreds of 数以百计thousands of ,thousands upon thousands of 成千上万millions of 数百万billions of 亿万修饰不可数名词much , a great (good)deal of ,a large amount of ,large amounts of许多、大量修饰可数名词或不可数名词a lot of /lots of ,plenty of, a large quantity of ,large quantities of许多、大量练习、数词1. Two __died of cold last winter.A. hundreds old peopleB. hundred old peopleC. hundreds old peoplesD. hundred old peoples2. He was only in__ at the time.A. his 20'sB. the 20'sC. his twentiesD. the twenties3. The two great men wrote those letters in__ .A. 1870'sB. 1879sC. the 1870'sD. the 18704. I wonder if I can ask him__ time.A. fourB. fourthC. the fourthD. a fourth5. He came out__ in the track events.A. firstB. oneC. the firstD. the one6. It was in 1939 that __broke out.A. World War SecondB. the World War SecondC. Second World WarD. World War II7. You'll have to spend __writing your report here.A. one day or two daysB. one day or twoC. a day or twoD. two days or one8. He cut the cake__ .A. in halvesB. in halfC. into halvesD. into half9. The earth is nearly__ the moon.A. 50 time the size ofB. 50 times the size ofC. 50 times as size asD. 50 times as that of10. Either you or the headmaster __the prizes for these gifted students at the meeting.A. is handing inB. are to hand outC. are handing inD. is to hand out11. __of the population here are peasants.A. 20 percentsB. 20 percentC. the 20 percentD. the 20 percents12. It's about__ , the thickness of a human hair.A. two-fifteenthB. two-fifteenthsC. two fifteenD. two fifteens13. The price of such material was reduced__ .A. by 18 percentB. to 18 percentC. at 18 percentD. for 18 percent14. South of the equator, 81 percent of the surface of the earth__ water.A. isB. areC. wasD. were15. They sold __boxes of such sweets last week.A. four dozenB. four dozensC. four dozens ofD. four dozen of16. It took me __ days to finish drawing a beautiful horse.A. a half dozenB. half a dozenC. haft dozensD. half dozen17.__people were sent there to help fight against the flood.A. Three scores ofB. Three score ofC. Three scoreD. Three scores18. Don't leave you work,__ .A. done halfB. half doneC. a half doneD. done a half19. Nobody can do two things well __ .A. at one timeB. at onceC. one timeD. once20. He has__ books in his study.A. several thousandsB. some thousands ofC. some thousandsD. some thousand of21. On National day__ people take part in all kinds of celebration.A. hundreds of millions ofB. millions of hundred ofC. hundreds millions ofD. millions hundreds of22. He has lived at__ for 30 years.A. No. 101 Heping StreetB. 101 Heping StreetC. Heping Street 101D. Heping street No. 10123. You can find him in__ .A. Room 201B.201 RoomC. the Room 20D. the 201 Room24. It's__ walk from here to my school.A. two - hoursB. two hoursC. two - hourD. a two - hour25. It was in__ when he was already in ___ that he went to Yan'an.A. the 1940s, the 40sB. the 1940s, his fortiesC. 1940's, his fortiesD. the 1940's, his 40s26. He went to the market and bought __eggs and some meat.A. three dozen ofB. three dozenC. three dozensD. three dozens of27.Shortly after the accident two ___police were sent to the spot to keep order.A. dozen ofB. dozensC. dozenD. dozens of (MET92 29)28.Mr Smith ___me to buy several __eggs for the dinner.A. asked, dozenB. suggested, dozens ofC. had, dozenD. persuaded, dozens of ('94上海)29.____of the land in that district ___covered with trees and grass.A. Two fifth, isB. Two fifth, areC. Two fifths , isD. Two fifths, are (上海)30.Two ___died of cold last winter.A. hundreds old peopleB. hundred old peopleC. hundred old peoplesD. hundred old peoples ('88MET.15)31.It is not rare in ___that people in ____fifties are going to university for further education.A.90s,theB. the 90s, /C.90s, theirD. the 90s, their ('99上海6)32.-Have you seen many sheep in the distance ? -Yes, ___.A. thousand of themB. two thousands of themC. two thousand of themD. two thousand them语法复习十六：数词1．B2. C 表示"几十"的数字的复数与所有格代词一起来用以表示人的年龄，本句为"二十多岁"。