跟简七学理财-答疑汇总 第15章 海外投资

1.4 富人思维第一部分：知识点回顾1.财富亲密度：我们和财富的接近程度。

我们的财富亲密度越高，越能增加我们吸引财富的概率。

2.富人思维：能提高我们财富亲密度的思维方式。

3.拥有富人思维的三步训练法：1）跨越稀缺陷阱，把钱当做手段，而不是目的2）注重长期回报3）先考虑目标，再寻找资源第二部分：练习与应用训练1：自我觉察-你的“财富亲密度”高吗？对于我们大多数人而言，小时候没有专门的金融、财务思维训练。

我们的用钱习惯和意识受家庭的影响最大。

如果从小到大我们身边的人并没有传递给我们一个良好的看待和管理金钱的方式，我们要首先补上这一课。

首先，自我思考：◦从小到大，你对钱是一种什么态度？◦你用钱的方式受到谁的影响最大？◦当你做一个跟钱有关的决策（尤其是大金额开支）的时候，你会从哪些方面去考虑？写下这些问题的答案，思考有哪些想法或做法不利于提高我们的财富亲密度。

其次，阅读以下这些描述，如果你赞同超过5个，要警惕自己是否内心对金钱有一些排斥或偏见~ 然后多利用训练2~4来强化自己的富人思维吧！◦钱是丑恶的和肮脏的。

/ 钱是邪恶的。

◦我很穷，但是我很清白。

/ 我很穷，但是我很好。

◦有钱人是骗子。

/ 我不想有钱，不想盛气凌人。

◦我不会找到好工作。

/ 我不会挣钱。

◦我花钱比挣钱快。

/ 我总是负债。

◦穷人永远不会翻身。

/ 我的父母很穷，我也会很穷。

◦艺术家不得不与金钱抗争。

◦只有骗子才会有钱。

◦哦，我不能收费太多。

/ 我不够好，不值得这么高的报酬。

◦永远不要借给别人钱。

◦节省一分钱就是挣回一分钱。

◦我时不时的就会觉得那些有钱人好讨厌。

◦只有努力工作才会有钱。

训练2：注重长期回报1.面对诱惑：使用冷却法或隔离法1）冷却法：在做出任何决策或举动前等待至少10分钟以上，在这10分钟内，认真思考你是否有更好的选择，或更长期的好处，等待是否更值得；2）隔离法：创造和诱惑的物理隔离–比如离开想吃的甜点，或者把提前转出无法克制消费的储蓄账户，为了杜绝频繁交易而锁定账户等等2.面对选择：使用未来法则首先利用上述方法避免冲动选择，然后尽量在脑海中具体化自己未来的收益，或者能获得的奖励，必要的时候可以写出来时刻提醒自己。

Fundamentals of Corporate Finance, 12e (Ross)Chapter 15 Raising Capital1) Business Aid is funded by a group of wealthy investors for the sole purpose of providing funding for individuals and small firms that are trying to convert their new ideas into viable products. What is this type of funding called?A) Green shoe fundingB) Tombstone underwritingC) Venture capitalD) Red herring fundingE) Life cycle capital2) It is common for venture capitalists to receive at least ________ percent of a start-up company's equity in exchange for the venture capital.A) 10B) 15C) 20D) 30E) 403) Equity financing of new, non-public companies is broadly referred to as:A) singular-risk financing.B) mezzanine-level stock.C) stylized financing.D) private equity.E) exit funding.4) Which one of the following statements concerning venture capital financing is correct?A) Venture capitalists desire shares of common stock but avoid preferred stock.B) Venture capital is relatively easy to obtain.C) Venture capitalists rarely assume active roles in the management of the financed firm.D) Venture capitalists should have key contacts and financial strength.E) Venture capital is relatively inexpensive in today's competitive markets.5) Which one of the following statements concerning venture capitalists is correct?A) Venture capitalists always assume management responsibility for the companies they finance.B) Exit strategy is a key consideration when selecting a venture capitalist.C) Venture capitalists limit their services to providing money to start-up firms.D) Most venture capitalists are long-term investors in the companies they finance.E) A venture capitalist normally invests in a new idea from conception through the IPO.6) When selecting a venture capitalist, which one of the following characteristics is probably the least important?A) Financial strengthB) Level of involvementC) ContactsD) Exit strategyE) Underwriting experience7) Trevor is the CEO of Harvest Foods, which is a privately held corporation. What is the first step he must take if he wishes to take Harvest Foods public?A) Select an underwriterB) Obtain SEC approvalC) Gain board approvalD) Prepare a registration statementE) Distribute a prospectus8) Which one of these describes an exception to the registration filing requirement of the SEC?A) Loans that mature in one year or lessB) Issues that have an approved prospectusC) Loans of $10 million or lessD) Issues of less than $5 millionE) Issues that have received an approved letter of comment9) The Securities and Exchange Commission:A) verifies the accuracy of the information contained in the prospectus.B) publishes red herrings on prospective new security offerings.C) examines the prospectus during the Green Shoe period.D) reviews registration statements to ensure they comply with current laws and regulations.E) determines the final offer price once they have approved the registration statement.10) What is the form called that is filed with the SEC and discloses the material information on a securities issuer when that issuer offers new securities to the general public?A) ProspectusB) Red herringC) IndentureD) Public disclosure statementE) Registration statement11) M&C Merchants is offering $2.5 million of new securities to the general public. Which SEC regulation governs this offering?A) Regulation AB) Regulation CC) Regulation GD) Regulation QE) Regulation R12) What is a prospectus?A) A letter issued by the SEC authorizing a new issue of securitiesB) A report stating that the SEC recommends a new security to investorsC) A letter issued by the SEC that outlines the changes required for a registration statement to be approvedD) A document that describes the details of a proposed security offering along with relevant information about the issuerE) An advertisement in a financial newspaper that describes a security offering13) Which one of the following is a preliminary prospectus?A) TombstoneB) Green shoeC) Registration statementD) Rights offerE) Red herring14) Advertisements in a financial newspaper announcing a public offering of securities, along with a list of the investment banks handling the offering, are called:A) red herrings.B) tombstones.C) Green Shoes.D) registration statements.E) cash offers.15) The raising of small amounts of capital from a large number of people is known as:A) a rights offering.B) over allocating.C) a diversified offer.D) crowdfunding.E) a standby offer.16) During a 12-month period, a company is permitted to issue new securities through crowdfunding up to a limit of:A) $200 thousand.B) $500 thousand.C) $1 million.D) $5 million.E) $50 million.17) What is an issue of securities that is offered for sale to the general public on a direct cash basis called?A) Best efforts underwritingB) Firm commitment underwritingC) General cash offerD) Rights offerE) Herring offer18) Alberto currently owns 2,500 shares of Southern Tools. He has just been notified that the company is issuing additional shares and he is being given a chance to purchase some of these shares prior to the shares being offered to the general public. What is this type of an offer called?A) Best efforts offerB) Firm commitment offerC) General cash offerD) Rights offerE) Priority offer19) JLK is a partnership that was formed two years ago and has been extremely successful thus far. The owners have decided to incorporate and offer shares of stock to the general public. What is this type of an equity offering called?A) Venture capital offeringB) Shelf offeringC) Private placementD) Seasoned equity offeringE) Initial public offering20) What is a seasoned equity offering?A) An offering of shares by shareholders for repurchase by the issuerB) Shares of stock that have been recommended for purchase by the SECC) Equity securities held by a company's founder that are being offered for sale to the general publicD) Sale of newly issued equity shares by a publicly owned companyE) Outstanding shares that are offered for sale by one of a company's original founders21) Executive Tours has decided to go public and has hired an investment firm to handle the offering. The investment firm is serving as a(n):A) aftermarket specialist.B) venture capitalist.C) underwriter.D) seasoned writer.E) primary investor.22) Underwriters generally:A) pay a spread to the issuing firm.B) provide only best efforts underwriting in the U.S.C) accept the risk of selling the new securities in exchange for the gross spread.D) market and distribute an entire issue of new securities within their own firm.E) pass the risk of unsold shares back to the issuing firm via a firm commitment agreement.23) A syndicate can best be defined as a:A) venture capitalist.B) group of attorneys providing services for an IPO.C) block of investors who control a firm.D) bank that loans funds to finance the start-up of a new company.E) group of underwriters sharing the risk of selling a new issue of securities.24) The difference between the underwriters' cost of buying shares in a firm commitment and the offering price of those securities to the public is called the:A) gross spread.B) under price amount.C) filing fee.D) new issue premium.E) offer price.25) Jones & Co. recently went public and received $23.07 a share on their entire offer of 30,000 shares. Keeser & Co. served as the underwriter and sold 28,500 shares to the public at an offer price of $26.50 a share. What type of underwriting was this?A) Best effortsB) ShelfC) OversubscribedD) Private placementE) Firm commitment26) Blue Stone Builders recently offered to sell 45,000 newly issued shares of stock to the public. The underwriters charged a fee of 8.2 percent and paid Blue Stone Builders the uniform auction price for each of those shares. Which one of the following terms best describes this underwriting?A) Dutch auctionB) Best effortsC) Public rightsD) Private placementE) Market commitment27) The 40-day period following an IPO during which the SEC places restrictions on the public communications of the issuer is known as the ________ period.A) auctionB) quietC) lockupD) Green ShoeE) red28) Mobile Units recently offered 75,000 new shares of stock for sale. The underwriters sold a total of 78,500 shares to the public at a price of $16 a share. The additional 3,500 shares were purchased in accordance with which one of the following?A) Green Shoe provisionB) Red herring provisionC) Quiet provisionD) Lockup agreementE) Post-issue agreement29) With firm commitment underwriting, the issuing firm:A) is unsure of the total amount of funds it will receive until after the offering is completed.B) is unsure of the number of shares it will actually issue until after the offering is completed.C) knows exactly how many shares will be purchased by the general public during the offer period.D) retains the financial risk associated with unsold shares.E) knows upfront the amount of money it will receive from the stock offering.30) Which one of the following is a key goal of the aftermarket period?A) Collecting the largest number of Dutch auction bids as possibleB) Determining a fair offer priceC) Supporting the market price for a new securities issueD) Establishing a broad-based underwriting syndicateE) Distributing red herrings to as many potential investors as possible31) Which one of the following statements is correct?A) The quiet period commences when a registration statement is filed with the SEC and ends on the day the IPO shares commence trading.B) Lockup agreements outline how oversubscribed IPO shares will be allocated.C) Additional IPO shares can be issued in accordance with the lockup agreement.D) Quiet period restrictions only apply to the issuer of new securities.E) A public interview with an issuer's CFO could cause a forced delay in the issuer's IPO.32) With Dutch auction underwriting:A) each winning bidder pays the minimum price offered by any bidder.B) all successful bidders pay the same price per share.C) all bidders receive at least a portion of the quantity for which they bid.D) the selling firm receives the maximum possible price for each security sold.E) the bidder for the largest quantity receives the first allocation of securities.33) Individual investors might avoid requesting 100 shares in an upcoming IPO because they:A) do not want to be bothered with submitting their bid to the SEC for approval.B) do not want to abide by the quiet period requirement.C) are prevented from entering orders for less than 1,000 shares.D) are more apt to receive shares if the IPO is under allocated.E) would have to pay a premium based on their small order size.34) If a firm commitment IPO is overpriced then the:A) investors in the IPO may consider suing the underwriters.B) Green Shoe provision will probably be utilized.C) stock price will generally increase on the first day of trading.D) issuing firm is guaranteed to be successful in the long term.E) issuing firm receives less money than it probably should have.35) All of the following are supporting arguments in favor of IPO underpricing except which one?A) Helps prevent the "winner's curse"B) Rewards institutional investors who share their market value opinionsC) Reduces potential lawsuits against underwritersD) Diminishes underwriting riskE) Provides better returns to issuing firms36) When a firm announces an upcoming seasoned stock offering, the market price of the firm's existing shares tends to:A) increase.B) decrease.C) remain constant.D) respond, but the direction of the response is not predictable as shown by past studies.E) decrease momentarily and then immediately increase substantially within an hour following the announcement.37) The total direct costs of underwriting an equity IPO:A) tend to increase on a percentage basis as the total proceeds of the IPO increase.B) are generally between 7 and 9 percent, regardless of the issue size.C) tend to be less than the direct costs of issuing bonds on a percentage of proceeds basis.D) exclude the gross spread.E) can be as low as 5.5 percent and as high as 25 percent of gross proceeds.38) Which one of the following statements is correct concerning the direct costs of issuing securities?A) Domestic bonds are generally more expensive to issue than equity IPOs.B) The gross spread as a percentage of proceeds is the same for similar-sized IPOs and SEOs.C) A seasoned offering is always more expensive on a percentage basis than an IPO.D) There tends to be substantial economies of scale when issuing any type of security.E) The costs of issuing convertible bonds tend to be less on a percentage basis than the costs of issuing straight debt.39) Shares of PLS United have been selling with rights attached. Tomorrow, the stock will sell independent of these rights. Which one of the following terms applies to tomorrow in relation to this stock?A) Pre-issue dateB) Aftermarket dateC) Declaration dateD) Holder-of-record dateE) Ex-rights date40) The date on which a shareholder is officially listed as the recipient of stock rights is called the:A) issue date.B) offer date.C) declaration date.D) holder-of-record date.E) ex-rights date.41) A rights offering in which an underwriting syndicate agrees to purchase the unsubscribed portion of an issue is called a(n) ________ underwriting.A) standbyB) best effortsC) firm commitmentD) direct feeE) oversubscription42) BK & Co. offered 15,000 shares in a rights offer. T.L. Moore & Co. was the underwriter that by prior agreement purchased the 639 unsold shares. For its participation in this rights offer, T.L. Moore & Co. is most likely entitled to:A) the gross margin.B) the optional spread.C) a standby fee.D) the subscription price.E) an oversubscription fee.43) Franklin Minerals recently had a rights offering of 12,000 shares at an offer price of $17 a share. Isabelle is a shareholder who exercised her rights option by buying all of the rights to which she was entitled based on the number of shares she owns. Currently, there are six shareholders who have opted not to participate in the rights offering. Isabelle would like to purchase these unsubscribed shares. Which one of the following will allow her to do so?A) Standby provisionB) Oversubscription privilegeC) Open offer privilegeD) New issues provisionE) Overallotment provision44) Existing shareholders:A) may or may not have a pre-emptive right to newly issued shares.B) must purchase new shares whenever rights are issued.C) are prohibited from selling their rights.D) are generally well advised to let the rights they receive expire.E) can maintain their proportional ownership positions without exercising their rights.45) To purchase a share in a rights offering, an existing shareholder generally just needs to:A) pay the subscription amount in cash.B) submit the required form along with the required number of rights.C) pay the difference between the market price of the stock and the subscription price.D) submit the required number of rights along with a payment for the underwriting fee.E) submit the required number of rights along with the subscription price.46) The value of a right depends upon the number of rights required for each new share as well as the:A) subscription price and book value per share.B) market and book values per share.C) market price, book value, and subscription price.D) market and subscription prices.E) difference between the market and book values per share.47) Before a seasoned stock offering, you owned 500 shares of a firm that had 20,000 shares outstanding. After the seasoned offering, you still owned 500 shares but the number of shares outstanding rose to 25,000. Which one of the following terms best describes this situation?A) OverallotmentB) Percentage ownership dilutionC) Green Shoe allocationD) Red herring allotmentE) Abnormal event48) Which one of the following statements concerning dilution is correct?A) Dilution of percentage ownership occurs whenever an investor fully participates in a rights offer.B) Market value dilution increases as the net present value of a project increases.C) Market value dilution occurs when the net present value of a project is negative.D) Neither book value dilution nor market value dilution has any direct bearing on individual shareholders.E) Book value dilution is the cause of market value dilution.49) Roy owns 200 shares of RTF Inc. He has opted not to participate in the current rights offering by this company. As a result, Roy will most likely be subject to:A) an oversubscription cost.B) underpricing.C) dilution.D) the Green Shoe provision.E) a locked-in period.50) Direct business loans typically ranging from one to five years are called:A) private placements.B) debt SEOs.C) notes payable.D) debt IPOs.E) term loans.51) The High-End mutual fund recently loaned $13.6 million to Henderson Hardware for 15 years at 6.8 percent interest. This loan is best described as a:A) private placement.B) debt SEO.C) note payable.D) debt IPO.E) term loan.52) Which one of the following statements is correct concerning the issuance of long-term debt?A) A direct private long-term loan has to be registered with the SEC.B) Direct placement debt tends to have more restrictive covenants than publicly issued debt.C) Distribution costs are lower for public debt than for private debt.D) It is easier to renegotiate public debt than private debt.E) Wealthy individuals tend to dominate the private debt market.53) Shelf registration allows a firm to register multiple issues at one time with the SEC and then sell those registered shares anytime during the subsequent:A) 3 months.B) 6 months.C) 180 days.D) 2 years.E) 5 years.54) Pearson Electric recently registered 180,000 shares of stock under SEC Rule 415. The company plans to sell 100,000 shares this year and the remaining 80,000 shares next year. What type of registration was this?A) Standby registrationB) Shelf registrationC) Regulation A registrationD) Regulation Q registrationE) Private placement registration55) The Boat Works decided to go public by offering a total of 135,000 shares of common stockto the public. The company hired an underwriter who arranged a firm commitment underwriting and an initial selling price of $24 a share with a spread of 8.3 percent. As it turned out, the underwriters only sold 122,400 shares to the public. What is the amount paid to the issuer?A) $2,227,280B) $3,074,420C) $2,971,080D) $2,692,820E) $2,477,38056) Nelson Paints recently went public by offering 50,000 shares of common stock to the public. The underwriters provided their services in a best efforts underwriting. The offering price was set at $17.50 a share and the gross spread was $2.30. After completing their sales efforts, the underwriters determined that they sold a total of 47,500 shares. How much cash did the company receive from its IPO?A) $722,000B) $717,000C) $735,000D) $705,000E) $748,00057) LC Delivery has decided to sell 1,800 shares of stock through a Dutch auction. The bids received are as follows: 600 shares at $37 a share, 800 shares at $36, 900 shares at $35, 200 shares at $34, and 100 shares at $32 a share. How much will the company receive in total from selling the 1,800 shares? Ignore all transaction and flotation costs.A) $63,100B) $52,500C) $63,000D) $58,800E) $52,10058) Bakers' Town Bread is selling 1,500 shares of stock through a Dutch auction. The bids received are as follows: 200 shares at $17 a share, 400 shares at $15, 700 shares at $14, 400 shares at $13, and 200 shares at $11 a share. How much cash will the company receive from selling these shares of stock? Ignore all transaction and flotation costs.A) $22,000B) $22,500C) $23,000D) $24,500E) $20,20059) Eastern Electric is offering 2,100 shares of stock in a Dutch auction. The bids include: 1,400 shares at $32 a share, 1,500 shares at $31, 1,400 shares at $30, and 900 shares at $29 a share. How much cash will Eastern Electric receive from selling these shares? Ignore all transaction and flotation costs.A) $62,100B) $64,200C) $60,000D) $63,000E) $63,30060) You have been instructed to place an order for a client to purchase 500 shares of every IPO that comes to market. The next two IPOs are each priced at $26 a share and will begin trading on the same day. The client is allocated 500 shares of IPO A and 240 shares of IPO B. At the end of the first day of trading, IPO A was selling for $23.90 a share and IPO B was selling for $29.40 a share. What is the client's total profit or loss on these two IPOs as of the end of the first day of trading?A) − $286B) − $234C) − $148D) $275E) $32961) Richard placed an order for 1,000 shares in each of three IPOs at $28 a share. He was allocated 1,000 shares of IPO A, 200 shares of IPO B, and 600 shares of IPO C. On the first day of trading, IPO A opened at $28 a share and ended the day at $24.25 a share. IPO B opened at $30 a share and finished the day at $37 a share. IPO C opened at $28 a share and ended the day at $27.65 a share. What is the total profit or loss on these three IPO purchases as of the end of the first day of trading?A) − $2,160B) − $1,850C) − $1,950D) $2,240E) $2,17562) Two IPOs will commence trading next week. Scott places an order to buy 600 shares of IPOA. Steve places an order to purchase 600 shares of IPO A and 600 shares of IPOB. Both IPOs are priced at $21 a share. Scott is allocated 300 shares of IPO A. Steve is allocated 300 shares of IPO A and 600 shares of IPO B. At the end of the first day of trading, IPO A is selling for $23.30 a share and IPO B is selling for $17.75 a share. How much additional profit did Steve have at the end of the first day of trading as compared to Scott?A) $1,950B) $1,260C) $1,870D) −$1,950E) −$1,26063) Davis Bros. and The Storage Shed have both announced IPOs at $32 per share. One of these is undervalued by $9, and the other is overvalued by $4, but you have no way of knowing whichis which. You plan on buying 1,000 shares of each issue. If an issue is underpriced, it will be rationed, and only half your order will be filled. What is the amount of the difference between your expected profit and the amount of profit you could earn if you could get 1,000 shares of both IPO offerings?A) $4,500B) $5,000C) $4,000D) $5,500E) $6,00064) Wear Ever is expanding and needs $6.8 million to help fund this growth. The company estimates it can sell new shares of stock for $43 a share. It also estimates it will cost an additional $352,000 for filing and legal fees related to the stock issue. The underwriters have agreed to a spread of 7.5 percent. How many shares of stock must be sold for the company to fund its expansion?A) 170,376B) 185,127C) 179,811D) 154,209E) 61,80665) Mountain Teas wants to raise $13.6 million to open a new production facility. The company estimates the issue costs for legal and accounting fees will be $386,000. The underwriters have set the stock price at $27.50 a share and the underwriting spread at 8.15 percent. How many shares of stock must be sold to meet this cash need?A) 528,414B) 553,709C) 569,315D) 492,144E) 501,90966) Outdoor Goods needs $3.8 million to modernize its production equipment. The underwriters set the stock price at $29.50 a share with an underwriting spread of 7.35 percent. This would be a firm commitment underwriting. The estimated issue costs are $272,000. How many shares of stock must be sold to finance this project?A) 148,984B) 188,917C) 152,311D) 186,299E) 162,40067) Flagler Inc. needs to raise $11.6 million, including all accounting and legal fees, to finance its expansion so has decided to sell new shares of equity via a general cash offering. The offer price is $22.50 per share and the underwriting spread is 7.85 percent. How many shares need to be sold?A) 559,474B) 604,011C) 566,667D) 571,008E) 538,40968) New Education needs to raise $8.79 million to finance its expansion and has decided to sell new shares of equity via a general cash offering. The offer price is $31.40 per share, the underwriting spread is 7.32 percent, and the associated administrative expenses and fees are $517,600. How many shares need to be sold?A) 348,907B) 361,222C) 311,111D) 329,937E) 319,83269) The Huff Co. has just gone public. Under a firm commitment agreement, the company received $17.64 for each of the 3.2 million shares sold. The initial offering price was $22.50 per share, and the stock rose to $24.15 per share in the first day of trading. The company paid $984,900 in direct legal and other costs and incurred $340,000 in indirect costs. What was the flotation cost as a percentage of the net amount raised?A) 38.56 percentB) 40.32 percentC) 41.68 percentD) 40.20 percentE) 39.09 percent70) Mountain Mining requires $3.3 million to expand its current operations and has decided to raise these funds through a rights offering at a subscription price of $18 a share. The current market price of the company's stock is $24.70 a share. How many shares of stock must be sold to fund the expansion plans?A) 140,015B) 133,603C) 148,909D) 183,333E) 195,60771) Northwest Rail wants to raise $27.8 million through a rights offering to upgrade its rail lines. How many shares of stock need to be sold if the current market price is $30.34 a share and the subscription price is $26.50 a share?A) 916,282B) 937,856C) 985,065D) 1,058,604E) 1,049,05772) S&S wants to raise $11.3 million through a rights offering with a subscription price of $15 a share. The company has 1.24 million shares outstanding and a market price of $17.50 a share. Each shareholder will receive one right for each share of stock owned. How many rights will be needed to purchase one new share of stock in this offering?A) 1.42B) 1.75C) 1.65D) 1.82E) 1.5573) P&T wants to raise $2.8 million through a rights offering with a subscription price of $20 a share. Currently, the company has 750,000 shares of stock outstanding at a market price of $24.50 a share. One right will be granted for each share of stock outstanding. How many rights are required to purchase one new share of stock in this offering?A) 5.36B) 6.02C) 5.55D) 6.56E) 6.6774) Miller Fruit wants to expand and needs $1.6 million to do so. Currently, the firm has 465,000 shares of stock outstanding at a market price per share of $32.50. The firm decided on a rights offering with one right granted for each share of outstanding stock. The subscription price is $28 a share. How many rights are needed to purchase one new share of stock in this offering?A) 8.14B) 7.17C) 8.22D) 8.63E) 9.45。

売上総利益率销售总利润率うりあげそうりえきりつ受取手形应收票据うけとりてがた売掛金应收帐款うりかけきん運転資金周转资金うんてんしきん売上原価销售成本うりあげげんか裏書き背书、签注うらがき売上高销售额うりあげだか受取利息利息収入うけとりりそく営業権营业权えいぎょうけん営業外費用营业外费用えいぎょうがいひよう営業外収入营业外收入えいぎょうがいしゅうにゅう営業成績营业成绩えいぎょうせいせき営業報告書营业报告えいぎょうほうこくしょ営業損益营业盈亏えいぎょうそんえき海外投資国外投资かいがいとうし外国法人外国法人がいこくほうにん外注加工費外発加工费がいそうかこうひ買掛金应付帐款かいかけきん価格変動準備金价格变动资金かかくへんどうじゅんびきん貸倒坏帐かしたおれ貸倒引当金坏帐准备かしたおれひきあてきん貸付金贷款かしつけきん株式股票かぶしき株主股东かぶぬし株主総会股东大会かぶぬしそうかい株主配当金股息、股东股利かぶぬしはいとうきん仮払金暂付款かりばらいきん関連業種有关产业かんれんぎょうしゅ金利利息きんり貨幣货币 currency為替介入外汇干预 exchangeintervention為替銀行外汇银行 foreignexchange bank為替銀行間取引银行同业外汇交易 interbankexchange dealing 為替クロス?レート套汇汇率 cross rateof exchange為替決済结汇 exchangesettlement為替裁定套汇 exchangearbitrage為替先物予約远期外汇合同 forwardexchange contract為替差損外汇损失 exchangeloss為替市場外汇市场 exchangemarket為替政策外汇政策 exchangepolicy為替相場汇价、汇率 exchangerate為替変動汇价变动 exchangefluctuation為替変動幅汇率变动幅度 exchangerate margin為替持高外汇头寸 exchangeposition外国為替プレミアム外汇升水 exchangepremium外国為替持高外汇头寸 foreignexchange position外国為替リスク外汇风险 foreignexchange risk外国送金国外汇款 foreignremittance 外国通貨外币 foreigncurrency外国投資国外投资 foreigninvestment外資外资 foreigncapital外資管理外资管制 control offoreign funds外資導入引进外资 introduction of foreign capital買取议付 negotiation買取銀行议付银行 negotiatingbank介入価格干预价格 intervention price介入為替相場干预汇率 intervention rate介入操作干预业务 intervention operation介入通貨干预货币 intervention currency買い持ち (外货) 多买地位、多头 overboughtposition下限相場下限汇率 lower limitrateインフレ通货膨张 inflation英ポンド英镑 poundsterling円高曰元升值 appreciation of the yenオフィシャル?レート法定汇率 officialrate外貨外币 foreigncurrency外貨準備外汇储备 externalmonetary reserve外貨兌換外币兑换 foreigncurrency exchange外貨建て為替相場外币汇价 exchangerate in foreign currency 外貨ポジション外汇头寸 exchangeposition外貨預金外币存款 foreigncurrency deposit買い為替相場银行买价 buyingrate外国為替外汇 foreignexchange外国為替管理外汇管制 foreignexchange control外国為替業務外汇业务 foreignexchange business外国為替先物远期外汇 foreignexchange futures外国為替市場外汇市场 foreignexchange market外国為替相場外汇牌价 foreignexchange rate外国為替投機外汇投机 foreignexchange speculation外国為替売買損外汇汇价波动损失 loss onforeign exchange transaction１、一取引二仕訳資金項目と非資金項目とに区分することによって、資金項目の増減に対応する収支取引と、非資金項目の増減に対応する正味財産の増減取引とに区分し、前者の収支取引を収支計算書に、後者のの増減取引を正味財産増減計算書に、それぞれ計上?表示する。

关财务公司方面的接洽，上汽正式参股通用大宇使双方的战略联盟更紧密。

上汽集团作为通用汽车在中国及亚太地区重要的战略合伙伴的身份人股通用大宇，表明通用汽车与上汽的战略合作伙已跨出中国国界，走向世界。

2，是一种提高国内市场份额的巧妙方式山东大宇工程，是大宇汽车在破产之前和山东省方面合资建设的，总投资78亿元，主要生产轿车零部件。

按照原计划，山东大字工程生产的产品全部返销韩国，但随着大宇汽车的破产，该返销计划被迫终止，工程停产，78亿元的投资变成了废墟。

上海通用2001年就开始与山东烟台进行厂接触，真正谈判是在2002年年初。

上汽集团此次收购大宇10％的股份，伴随着通用重组大宇计划的进程，也为上汽和山东大宇的谈判铺平了道路。

因为根据重组大宇计划安排，重组计划包括债务重新安排、还债措施和业务拆分。

随着上汽、钟木参与收购大宇股份的落实，债务重新安排已经完成。

因此重点将是业务的拆分，即在新合资公司成立后把大宇的海外资产以工厂为单位卖掉。

正如前面提到的那样，从收购大宇的协议来看，通用的思路是选择大宇比自己强的业务来弥补自己相对薄弱的那部分业务。

通用收购韩国大宇在表面看来是一个大手笔，但是经过资产层层剥离后，除开大宇本土的部分产业，海外资产只要了一个越南的工厂。

就中国市场来看，通用在中国的市场占有额也是大宇不能企及的，所以通用对于大宇在中国的业务并不十分看重。

如果通用看中大宇的海外工厂，完全有能力在2002年4月收购时把它一并买下，并且像山东大宇这样的零部件工程和通用本身的业务范围存在着冲突。

所以，通过分析可以看出，山东大宇工程作为大宇惟一在华资产。

上汽集团参与收购大宇资产，最终目标将是中国市场，上汽集团此次的借船出海可以说是一举两得的行为。

(三)思考题1.上汽集团“借船出海”说明了什么？上海汽车工业集团“借船出海”，实施出海跨洋战略说明，近年来中园经济的飞速发展，使得中国已经开始踏上了—条对外直接投资的道路。

目前，中国的跨国兼并和收购行动非适度，有一个很好的战略性的开端。

【本期主题】海外投资盘点及趋势展望【主讲嘉宾】Capra Ibex基金经理，纽约弘博咨询创始合伙人朱江博士朱江博士，华尔街交易员、基金经理，纽约弘博咨询创始合伙人。

2012年加盟基金公司Capra Ibex Advisors至今，作为基金经理，负责公司抵押贷款债券产品的投资交易业务（包括MBS及CLO）。

同年联合创办FinBow Advisors（弘博咨询），为中资企业与机构投资者在美拓展一、二级业务提供市场咨询服1务。

在此之前朱江博士任职于瑞士信贷（Credit Suisse）固定收益交易部，参与发起或负责过如下交易业务：05年参与创建Structured Product Derivative Group，共同管理150亿美元的衍生品book；08年初接管60亿美元CDO legacy book，至09年底去风险后移交；10年加入瑞信自营交易部，负责有关MBS及CLO的自营交易业务。

朱江博士1999年北京大学数学系本科毕业，2005年获加州大学伯克利分校应用数学博士学位。

【会议纪要】一、机构海外投资十年盘点（2005-2015.06）海外投资的数据不容易找到，大家经常能看到一些报刊报道海外投资情况，但比较零散。

之前在搜索数据的时候发现一个网站，是the American Enterprise Institute(AEI,美国企业研究院)和the Heritage Foundation （美国传统基金会）的合作项目，网站中有一个China Global Investment Tracker（CGIT，中国全球投资跟踪）数据库。

这个数据库统计从2005年开始一直到现在的数据，是比较全面、更新比较频繁的数据库。

数据库里面搜集的项目都是单项投资额1亿美元以上的数据，近1600个投资项目，以当时汇率转化为美元进行统计，共计投资额$1.1万亿。

从两方面对机构海外投资进行阐述。

首先，关于统计数据，从宏观方面进行考察，从投资主体、方向等不同维度看十年变化情况；第二我们具体以公司尤其是民营公司为代表，分析其投资项目情况和内在逻辑。

綦建虹国际投资学教程第五版第一章：国际投资的基本概念1.1国际投资的定义国际投资是指投资者在境外进行的投资活动。

投资者可以是个人、企业或国家。

国际投资包括直接投资和证券投资两种形式。

在国际投资中，投资者通常会面临不同国家的政策、法规、文化、语言等多种因素的影响。

1.2国际投资的好处和风险国际投资有其独特的好处，包括多元化投资风险、开拓市场、获取技术和人才等。

但同时也存在一定的风险，如政治风险、汇率风险、市场风险等。

投资者需要根据自身情况和市场情况进行综合评估，谨慎进行国际投资活动。

1.3国际投资的发展趋势随着全球经济一体化的加深，国际投资活动也日益频繁。

跨国公司和金融机构在全球范围内进行大规模的国际投资活动，国际投资的规模和影响力不断扩大。

同时，跨国投资合作和国际投资协定成为国际投资的重要趋势。

第二章：国际投资的基本理论2.1跨国公司理论跨国公司理论是研究跨国公司在国际投资中的行为和动机的学科。

跨国公司的产生和发展是国际投资活动的重要推动力量，跨国公司理论研究了跨国公司的运作模式、组织结构、战略选择等方面的问题。

2.2国际资本流动理论国际资本流动理论研究了国际资本在不同国家之间流动的原因和方式。

它包括国际资本流动的类型、规模、方向、影响等内容。

国际资本流动理论是国际投资学的重要理论基础，对于分析和预测国际资本流动具有重要的指导意义。

2.3国际投资组合理论国际投资组合理论是研究国际投资组合在不同国家和地区之间进行投资的原理和方法的学科。

国际投资组合理论研究了国际投资的风险和收益、资产配置、投资策略等问题，对于指导投资者进行国际投资具有重要的理论指导和实践意义。

第三章：国际投资的实践操作3.1国际投资的决策过程国际投资决策是指投资者在进行国际投资前，对投资项目进行评估和选择的过程。

国际投资的决策过程包括对投资项目的经济、政治、社会等方面的风险进行评估，确定投资项目的规模、方向和方式等内容。

3.2国际投资的实施和管理国际投资的实施和管理是指投资者实际进行投资活动的过程。

第二章国际直接投资第一节国际直接投资的概念与形式一、国际直接投资的概念（1）国际直接投资（International Direct Investment）指的是以控制国（境）外企业的经营管理权为核心的对外投资。

（2）国际直接投资又称为外国直接投资（Foreign Direct Investment, FDI）、对外直接投资或海外直接投资。

（3）根据国际货币基金组织的解释，这种控制是指投资者拥有一定数量的股份，因而能行使表决权并在企业的经营决策和管理中享有发言权。

（4）国际直接投资的结果是海外企业的设立。

很多海外企业都是股份制的，一般认为拥有一家海外企业10%以上股份的投资就属于对外直接投资。

✧扩展内容：关于国际直接投资的表述✧FDI本身并未指明投资方向，既可以是对外直接投资也可理解为外国直接投资，因此联合国贸发会议编写的《世界投资报告》将FDI具体区分为外向FDI（Outward FDI）和内向FDI（Inward FDI）。

✧在中国，FDI通常理解为内向FDI。

其正式名称为“外商直接投资”，而不是“外国直接投资”，原因在于港澳台商投资企业属于外商直接投资，但并不是外国直接投资。

✧外向FDI通常称为对外直接投资、海外直接投资、境外直接投资等。

二、国际直接投资的基本形式1.国际合资企业国际合资企业是指外国投资者和东道国投资者为了一个共同的投资项目联合出资，按东道国有关法律在东道国境内建立的企业。

特点是各方共同投资、共同经营、共担风险、共享利润。

2.国际合作企业国际合作企业是指外国投资者和东道国投资者在签订合同的基础上，依照东道国法律共同设立的企业。

特点是合作各方的权利、义务均由各方通过磋商在合作合同中约定，是典型的契约式合营企业。

3.国际独资企业国际合作企业是指外国投资者依照东道国法律在东道国设立的全部资本为外国投资者所有的企业。

特点是作为单独的出资者，外国投资者独立承担风险，单独经营、管理独资企业，独享利润。