上海中考英语复习-八大时态

教师姓名学生姓名年级九年级上课时间学科英语课题名称语法专题训练-八大时态专项训练待提升的知识点/题型八大时态专项训练一、课前小测试（Quiz&Revision）（10-15mins）I. Choose the best answer(选择最恰当的答案)（错误率：掌握情况：）2022年各区一模试题2022年1.Chairman Xi said that China ___ billions of shots of vaccine（疫苗）to the developingcountries by the end of 2021.A. offeredB. had offeredC. has offeredD. was offering2.After 1028 days, Meng Wanzhou finally ___ home on September 25,2021.A. returnedB. has returnedC. will returnD. had returned参考答案：CA3. A new factory ___ to deal with water pollution last month.A. was builtB. will be builtC. has been builtD. has built4.In recent months, every corner of our neighbourhood ___ greatly.A. are changingB. has changedC. had changedD. will change5.If you ___ nervous before exams, you can take a deep breath and calm yourself down.A. is gettingB. will getC. getD. got参考答案：ABC6.Dart _________ the best moment of her career at Wimbledon in 2019.A. enjoysB. enjoyedC. has enjoyedD. will enjoy7.Tom saw a traffic accident when he _________ his bicycle along the road.A. ridesB. has rodeC. was ridingD. had rode参考答案：BC8.Betty _________ the piano when I knocked at the door this morning.A. playsB. playedC. is playingD. was playing9.In recent years, natural disasters _________ great damage to many tourist attractions.A. will causeB. have causedC. had causedD. were causing10.Worries in life _________ if you speak out to your close friend.A. will reduceB. were reducingC. will be reducedD. were reduce参考答案：DBC11.The film The Battle at Lake Changjin（长津湖）_________ very popular since it was onshow.A. becomeB. becameC. will becomeD. has become12.By the end of last year, most of us _________ the free vaccine（疫苗）.A. will getB. would getC. has gotD. had got参考答案：DD13.We are glad to hear that the Greens _________ to a new flan next week.A. moveB. movedC. will moveD. have moved14.When my mother knocked at the door, I _________ the latest magazine.A. readB. was readingC. had readD. would read参考答案：CB15.I’ve heard that Tom ___ a visit to his disabled father twice a week.A. pays B paid C. will pay D. has paid16.This time yesterday, I ___ to my new class teacher.A. speaksB. spokeC. is speakingD. was speaking参考答案：AD17.The poor family _________ much help from the neighbours since the family movedthere.A. has gotB. gotC. is gettingD. gets18.When we questioned him about the matter, he _________ everything.A. deniesB. is denyingC. deniedD. will deny19.If everyone puts in more effort, the tasks _________ in five days.A. were finishedB. are finishedC. have been finishedD. will be finished参考答案：ACD20.Harry will work in the north of Canada after he ____ from PHD in UBC.A. will graduateB. graduateC. graduatesD. graduated21.It is said China International Import Expo ___ in Shanghai last year.A. was heldB. are heldC. has been heldD. had been held22.Mum was surprised to find her little son ____ all her suitcases already.A. was packingB. has packedC. had packedD. would pack参考答案：CAC23.Like all Greeks, she _________ the legend of Odysseus since childhood.A. knowsB. knewC. has knownD. will know24.It was a cold winter's night. It _________ but it was very windy.A. isn't rainingB. didn't rainC. doesn't rainD. wasn't raining参考答案：CB25.The lady ___ a walk along the street when a car hit her from behind last night.A. tookB. was takingC. has takenD. had taken26.In the past several months a new community park ____ and will be open to the publicsoon.A. is builtB. was builtC. has been builtD. will be built参考答案：BC27.By the end of last year, the charity ________ over ten thousand homeless people.A) helps B) has helped C) will help D) had helped参考答案：D28.Johnny _________ with a host family for two years. Now he's used to the life inAmerica.A. staysB. would stayC. is stayingD. has stayed29.Nowadays, the citizens in Shanghai _________ to divide the waste from daily life intofour different groups.A. requiredB. are requiredC. requireD. are requiring参考答案：DB30.Lynn _________ a bike to work on weekdays. She thinks it can help protect theenvironment.A) rides B) ride C ) rode D) has ridden31.Jacks grandfather _________ ill for two weeks. He still can't get out of his bed now.A) was B) will be C) has been D) is参考答案：AC32.The rubbish _________ from the grass, and then the campsite was clean again.A. removedB. is removedC. was removedD. be removed33.Linda, _________ the weather forecast before you go on a trip.A. checksB. checkC. checkingD. to check参考答案：CB34.Word came that race driver Zhou Guanyu ____ the Alfa Romeo team for the 2022season.A. would joinB. has joinedC. joinsD. was joining35.I ___ to good friends or reliable adults for help if I get myself in trouble.A. have turnedB. will turnC. turnedD. am turning参考答案：AB二、本节内容（presentation）（25-30mins）一般现在时的用法一般现在时基本用法重难点复习基本用法：（难点）1.在时间状语从句中（以when, after, before, while, until, as soon as等引导）和条件状语从句中（以if, unless引导）,用一般现在时代替一般将来时,从句可以用一般将来时间。

中考常考的八大时态中考英语常考的八大时态主要包括：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时和将来完成时。

下面我们来详细看一下这些时态的具体应用和标志：1.一般现在时：表示经常发生的情况；有规律出现的情况；总是发生的；事实真理。

时间状语常常包括Always, usually, often, sometimes等，基本结构是主语+动词原形（如主语为第三人称单数，动词上要改为第三人称单数形式）。

否定形式为主语+am / is / are+not+其他。

例如：“She often speaks English.”表示经常性或习惯性的动作。

2.一般过去时：表示过去发生的动作或状态。

常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如：last year, yesterday等。

3.一般将来时：表示将要发生的动作或状态，常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如：tomorrow, next year等。

4.现在进行时：表示现在正在进行的动作，常与now, at the moment等时间状语连用。

5.过去进行时：表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，常与at this time yesterday, at that moment等时间状语连用。

6.现在完成时：表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与already, yet, just等副词连用。

7.过去完成时：表示在过去某一时间之前已经发生的动作，常与before, by the time等引导的短语或从句连用。

8.将来完成时：表示在将来某一时间之前将要完成的动作，常与by the time等引导的短语或从句连用。

中考初中英语语法八大时态总结（附答案）初中英语语法八大时态1.结构肯定句式: 主语+动词原形/动词的第三人称单数+其他否定句式: 主语+（助动词） don't/doesn't +动词原形+其他一般疑问句式: Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他简略回答: (肯)Yes,主语+do/does (否)No,主语+do/does not缩写形式: don't = do not doesn't = does not例句：He often goes swimming in summer.I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning.2.用法1）表示经常的、习惯性的动作或存在的状态，常与表示频度的副词连用。

常用的频度副词有： always、often、 usually、seldom、never、sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays.频度副词在句中通常放在行为动词之前，系动词、助动词之后。

例如: He often goes swimming in summer.I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning.2）表示主语具备的性格、特征和能力等。

例如：All my family love football .My sister is always ready to help others .Ann writes good English but does not speak well.3)表示客观真理、客观存在、自然现象。

例如：The earth moves around the sun.Shanghai lies in the east of China.4）表示按计划或安排好的，或将要发生的动作，可用一般现在时表将来。

上海中考英语复习八大时态集团标准化工作小组 #Q8QGGQT-GX8G08Q8-GNQGJ8-MHHGN#上海中考英语复习-八大动词时态一、一般现在时1、结构肯定式:主语+ am /is/are +其他否定式:主语+ am/is/are +not + 其他一般疑问句式:Am /Is /Are + 主语+ 其他简略回答: (肯) Yes,主语 + am/ is /are （否）No,主语+am/is/are not肯定句式: 主语+动词原形/动词的第三人称单数+其他否定句式: 主语+（助动词） don't/doesn't +动词原形+其他一般疑问句式: Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他简略回答: (肯)Yes,主语+do/does (否)No,主语+do/does not缩写形式: don't = do not doesn't = does not2、用法1）表示经常的或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的副词连用。

常用的频度副词有：always、often、 usually、seldom、never、sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays。

频度副词在句中通常放在行为动词之前，系动词、助动词之后。

例如: He often goes swimming in summer.他夏天经常游泳。

I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。

2）表示现在的状态。

例如：My father is at is very busy. 我父亲在工作，他很忙。

The boy is twelve. 这男孩十二岁。

3）表示主语具备的性格、特征和能力等。

例如：All my family love football .我全家人都喜欢足球。

【导语】时态是英语学习中⼀个⾄关重要的内容，⼴⼤初中学⽣在实际运⽤时，往往对时态总是倍感棘⼿，下⾯就归纳复习⼀下这⼏种时态。

⼀起看卡吧⼀、⼀般现在时概念：经常、反复发⽣的动作或⾏为及现在的某种状况。

时间状语：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day,year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, etc.基本结构：①be动词;②⾏为动词否定形式：①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为⾏为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三⼈称单数，则⽤doesn't，同时还原⾏为动词。

⼀般疑问句：①把be动词放于句⾸;②⽤助动词do提问，如主语为第三⼈称单数，则⽤does，同时，还原⾏为动词。

⼆、⼀般过去时概念：过去某个时间⾥发⽣的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、⾏为。

时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, lastweek(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, longlong ago, once upon a time, etc.基本结构：①be动词;②⾏为动词否定形式：①was/were+not;②在⾏为动词前加didn't，同时还原⾏为动词。

⼀般疑问句：①was或were放于句⾸;②⽤助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原⾏为动词。

三、现在进⾏时概念：表⽰现阶段或说话时正在进⾏的动作及⾏为。

时间状语：now, at this time, these days, etc.基本结构：am/is/are+doing否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.⼀般疑问句：把be动词放于句⾸。

四、过去进⾏时概念：表⽰过去某段时间或某⼀时刻正在发⽣或进⾏的⾏为或动作。

上海中考英语复习专题动词(包含初中英语八种时态)专题概述：一般认为英语的完整句子不可缺少谓语。

而谓语只能由动词担任。

句子谓语表示行为动作或状态的时态、语气和语态。

初中阶段动词的正确形式填空，主要是动词的时态和语态填空。

解此类题学生必备的语法知识是：1. 时态概念。

时态概念是时态选择的依据。

它和时间状语，上下文的提示和某些特定句型有关（如，带条件状语从句的复合句和一些带有时间状语从句的复合句，主从句有时态呼应的规定；带宾语从句的复合句，其宾语从句的时态受主句的时态的限制等）。

2. 谓语结构。

谓语结构是固定的结构，如现在完成时的结构是have/ has +过去分词，过去将来时的谓语结构是would +动词原形，学生应该掌握初中阶段八种时态的谓语结构。

3. 三式两分词。

即：现在式，单三现在式，过去式，现在分词和过去分词。

如果学生知道时态概念，掌握谓语结构，但三式两分词有误，仍然不能正确解答。

学生应该掌握所有教材中动词的三式两分词。

4. 语态概念和被动语态的谓语结构。

学生应学会判断主语和谓语是执行者与动作的关系还是承受者与动作的关系，掌握被动语态的谓语结构。

解此类题学生必须注意的是：1. 找出时间状语，判断用什么时态。

如果试题是复合句或并列句或由多句组成，则要考虑上下文决定；2. 考虑用主动还是被动结构；3. 考虑主语与谓语的数的一致；4. 知道祈使句，否定句，疑问句，带有情态动词以及括号内有副词的时态填空如何答题；5. 知道如何在语段中做时态填空。

例如：1) The Class Four students (listen) to a lecture about UFOs this time yesterday.2) Don’t make any noise. Grandma (sleep).3) The rain (stop). Shall we go on with our volleyball match?4) I’ll give the message to her as soon as she (return).5) The foreigner said he (visit) Pudong New Area soon.6) The rain (not, stop) yet. You’d better not go out.7) ’ office as soon as she8) What you (do) when I called you yesterday evening?9) Now many kinds of work (can do) by robots.10) More money (spend) on education next year.11) Milk (usually bring) to a city in large trucks.12) Mr. Wang (leave) Shanghai more than 50 years ago. Last week he flew back, and was surprised to see that Shanghai (change) a lot. He said he (spend) the rest of his life here.根据市教育考试院关于试题改革的最新精神，本题题型有可能稍作改变，即将各小题括号内的动词原形集中在方框内。

中考英语--8 大时态结构知识点一、一般现在时1、概念：表示经常发生的情况；有规律出现的情况；总是发生的；事实真理。

2.时间状语: Always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week (day, year, month…), on Sundays (on Mondays…), etc.3.基本结构：主语+动词原形（如主语为第三人称单数，动词上要改为第三人称单数形式）4.否定形式：主语+am / is / are+not+其他；此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't，如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。

5.一般疑问句：把be 动词放于句首；用助动词do 提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。

eg：①It seldom snows here. 这里很少下雪。

②He is always ready to help others. 他总是乐于帮助别人。

③Action speaks louder than words. 事实胜雄辩。

二、一般过去时1.概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。

2.时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week,last (year,night,month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time,etc.3.基本结构：主语+动词的过去式或be 的过去式+名词4.否定形式：主语+was / were+not+其他；在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。

5.一般疑问句：was 或were 放于句首；用助动词do 的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。

精心整理上海中考英语复习-八大动词时态一、一般现在时1、结构肯定式:主语+am/is/are+其他否定式:主语+am/is/are+not+其他一般疑问句式:Am/Is/Are+主语+其他?简略回答:(肯)Yes,主语+am/is/are （否）No,主语+am/is/arenot肯定句式:主语+动词原形/动词的第三人称单数+其他2、用法1） often 、usually 。

频2） 3） 4） 5） 表限于6） 将来要发生的动作。

例如：I'lltellhimthenewswhenhecomesback.他回来时，我将告诉他这个消息。

Ifyoutakethejob,theywilltalkwithyouingreaterdetails.如果你接受这份工作，他们将和你谈谈细节。

写出下列动词的单数第三人称形式。

1.cook_______2.watch________3.build_________4.have________5.wash________1、结构肯定式:否定式:2、用法1）表示状语2例如：3例如：Didyouseehimtoday?今天你看见他了吗？1、结构肯定句式：主语+助动词will+动词原形+其他否定句式：主语+助动词will+动词原形+not+其他一般疑问句式：助动词Will+主语+动词原形+其他2、用法1）表常与等连用。

2例如：I3例如：4）例如：例如：Lookatthedarkclouds,thereisgoingtobeastorm.看那乌云，快要下雨了。

5）注意：begoingto和will之间的区别。

①两者都用于预测时，begoingto意指有迹象表明某件事将要发生，属客观的推测；will则意指说话人认为/相信某件事将要发生，属主观的推测。

②两者在时间的发生上，begoingto通常表示马上要发生或相当快就要发生的事情；而will不指明任何具体时间，可以指遥远的未来。

基本概念讲解（一）一般现在时含义：（1）表示现在经常发生的动作或存在的状态She is a teacher. She works in a middle school.（2）客观真理或普遍真理The earth moves around the sun.标志词：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never, at weekends, on Sundays, every week/day/year (注意：有这些标志词并不一定就用一般现在时，还要结合具体语境)结构：（1）主语+am, is, are +其他。

(2) 主语+动词（三单/原形）+ 其他。

（二）现在进行时结构：主语+am/is/are +现在分词（ing）+其他。

含义：（1）现在此时此刻正在发生的动作。

标志词：now，look, listen, be quite, at the moment, these days, this weekBe quite. The baby is sleeping.Look! She is dancing.These days we are helping the farmers work on the farm.（2）可以表示一般将来时。

此时多与arrive, go, come, leave, get…等表示位移的动词连用We are leaving for Shanghai. 我们即将动身去上海。

He is coming in three days.（三）一般过去时含义：（1）过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态。

与last week/month/year, yesterday, two years ago, in the past, once, in 1990等连用。

（2）过去习惯性或经常性的动作，此时和always, often, usually 等连用结构：主语+动词过去式+其他。

时态是英语学习中一个至关重要的内容，广大初中学生在实际运用时，往往对时态总是倍感棘手，下面我们就归纳复习一下這几种时态。

一、一般现在时：概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况时间状语：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, etc.基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词否定形式：①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。

一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首；②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。

二、一般过去时：概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。

时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, a t the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词否定形式：①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。

一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首；②用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。

三、现在进行时：概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。

时间状语：now, at this time, these days, etc.基本结构：am/is/are+doing否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。

四、过去进行时：概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。

教学目标：了解各种时态的意义、构成以及用法，会在做题中进行运用教学重点：八种时态的用法教学难点：八种时态之间的联系和区别教学过程：1、时态讲解2、时态题目练习3、事态辨析4、家庭作业（中考真题练习）一、一般现在时（一）定义表示经常性或习惯性的动作，或存在的状态，还表示主语具备的性格和能力及客观真理。

例：I get up at 6:30 in the morning .She is at home .(二)构成主要用动词原形表示，当主语是第三人称单数时，在动词词尾加s/es。

(三)句型1、肯定句：主语+谓语+其他。

She reads English everyday .2、否定句：主语+don’t/doesn’t+谓语+其他。

He doesn’t get up at 6:30 in the morning .3、一般疑问句：Do/Does+主语+V原+其他？Do you like English ? Yes ,I do ./No, I don’t .4、特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+do/does+主语+V原+其他？What time do you get up every morning ?Where does your father work ?（三）用法1、表示经常性或习惯性的动作，或存在的状态，带与表示频率的时间状语如：often , sometimes , usually，always , everyday year，month．．．）, once/twice a week (month , year , etc.) , seldom , on sundays等连用。

I leave home for school at seven every morning .2、表示客观真理，科学事实、格言警句。

The sun rises in the east .日出东方。

The earth goes around the sun .地球绕着太阳转。

第二章用动词的正确形式填空专题概述：一般认为英语的完整句子不可缺少谓语。

而谓语只能由动词担任。

句子谓语表示行为动作或状态的时态、语气和语态。

初中阶段动词的正确形式填空，主要是动词的时态和语态填空。

解此类题学生必备的语法知识是：1.时态概念。

时态概念是时态选择的依据。

它和时间状语，上下文的提示和某些特定句型有关（如，带条件状语从句的复合句和一些带有时间状语从句的复合句，主从句有时态呼应的规定；带宾语从句的复合句，其宾语从句的时态受主句的时态的限制等）。

2.谓语结构。

谓语结构是固定的结构，如现在完成时的结构是have/ has +过去分词，过去将来时的谓语结构是would +动词原形，学生应该掌握初中阶段八种时态的谓语结构。

3.三式两分词。

即：现在式，单三现在式，过去式，现在分词和过去分词。

如果学生知道时态概念，掌握谓语结构，但三式两分词有误，仍然不能正确解答。

学生应该掌握所有教材中动词的三式两分词。

4.语态概念和被动语态的谓语结构。

学生应学会判断主语和谓语是执行者与动作的关系还是承受者与动作的关系，掌握被动语态的谓语结构。

解此类题学生必须注意的是：1.找出时间状语，判断用什么时态。

如果试题是复合句或并列句或由多句组成，则要考虑上下文决定；2.考虑用主动还是被动结构；3.考虑主语与谓语的数的一致；4.知道祈使句，否定句，疑问句，带有情态动词以及括号内有副词的时态填空如何答题；5.知道如何在语段中做时态填空。

例如：1)The Class Four students (listen) to a lecture about UFOs this time yesterday.2)Don’t make any noise. Grandma (sleep).3)The rain (stop). Shall we go on with our volleyball match?4)I’ll give the message to her as soon as she (return).5)The foreigner said he (visit) Pudong New Area soon.6)The rain (not, stop) yet. You’d better not go out.7)(tell) her to come to the teachers’ office as soon as she (come).8)What you (do) when I called you yesterday evening?9)Now many kinds of work (can do) by robots.10)More money (spend) on education next year.11)Milk (usually bring) to a city in large trucks.12)Mr. Wang (leave) Shanghai more than 50 years ago. Last week he flew back, and was surprised to see that Shanghai (change) a lot. He said he (spend) the rest of his life here.根据市教育考试院关于试题改革的最新精神，本题题型有可能稍作改变，即将各小题括号内的动词原形集中在方框内。

上海中考英语复习-八大动词时态一、一般现在时1、结构肯定式：主语+ am /is/are +其他否定式：主语+ am/is/are +not + 其他一般疑问句式:Am /Is /Are + 主语+ 其他?简略回答: (肯) Yes,主语+ am/ is /are (否)No，主语+am/is/are not肯定句式：主语+动词原形/动词的第三人称单数+其他否定句式：主语+（助动词) don't/doesn't +动词原形+其他一般疑问句式：Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他简略回答: (肯)Yes，主语+do/does （否)No，主语+do/does not缩写形式：don’t = do not doesn’t = does not2、用法1）表示经常的或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的副词连用.常用的频度副词有: always、often、usually、seldom、never、sometimes，every week (day，year, month…）, once a week，on Sundays。

频度副词在句中通常放在行为动词之前，系动词、助动词之后。

例如：He often goes swimming in summer.他夏天经常游泳。

I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning。

每天早上我七点离开家。

2）表示现在的状态。

例如：My father is at work。

He is very busy. 我父亲在工作，他很忙。

The boy is twelve。

这男孩十二岁.3）表示主语具备的性格、特征和能力等。

例如：All my family love football .我全家人都喜欢足球.My sister is always ready to help others 。

我妹妹总是乐于助人。

Ann writes good English but does not speak well。

中考英语必考8种基本时态解析本文归纳了八种基本时态，是历年中考英语必考语法点，建议还没完全掌握的同学，赶紧掌握熟练哦。

1. 一般现在时概念：表示经常发生的动作或经常存在的状态。

常和always , often , usually , sometimes , everyday 等表时间的状语连用。

例如：1) I go to school every day. 我每天都去学校。

(表经常)2) He is always like that. 他总是那样。

(表状态)构成：1) 主语+ be (am / are / is ) +……2) 主语+ 实义动词/三单动词+ …2.一般过去时概念：1) 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。

常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如：yesterday , last week , in 1998 , two days ago等。

如：I went to a movie yesterday. 我昨天去看了一场电影.2) 也可表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。

如:He always went to work by bike last week.构成：1) 主语+ be (was / were ) +……2) 主语+ 实义动词过去式+……3. 现在进行时概念：表示现在(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作。

例如：He is singing.They are watching TV now.构成：主语+ 助动词be(am/are/is) + 动词-ing形式构成.4. 过去进行时概念：表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。

这一特定的过去时间除了有上下文暗示外，一般用时间状语来表示。

例如：1) ---What were you doing?---I was jumping.2) ---What was the boy doing when the UFO arrived?---He was sleeping.构成：主语+ 助动词be(was/were) + 动词-ing形式构成.5. 一般将来时概念：表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作,常与表示将来的时间状语连用,如: tomorrow, next week, next year, in the future等。

上海中考英语用法手册1. 时态和语态a. 一般现在时(Simple Present Tense)- 表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态。

- 示例：I go to school every day.b. 现在进行时(Present Continuous Tense)- 表示现在正在进行的动作。

- 示例：She is studying for the exam.c. 一般过去时(Simple Past Tense)- 表示过去发生的动作或状态。

- 示例：He visited his grandparents last weekend.d. 过去进行时(Past Continuous Tense)- 表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作。

- 示例：They were playing basketball when it started raining.e. 将来时(Future Tense)- 表示将来要发生的动作或状态。

- 示例：We will have a party tomorrow.f. 被动语态(Passive V oice)- 主语是动作的承受者。

- 示例：The book was written by Mark Twain.2. 介词用法a. in- 表示在某个时间点、季节、年代或某个范围内。

- 示例：I will see you in the morning.b. on- 表示在某个具体日期、星期几或特定的日子。

- 示例：We have a meeting on Monday.c. at- 表示在某个具体时间或地点。

- 示例：I will meet you at 3 o'clock.d. for- 表示持续的时间。

- 示例：They have been friends for 10 years.e. with- 表示伴随或使用某物。

- 示例：She went to the party with her friends.3. 形容词和副词比较级a. 比较级(Comparative)- 表示两者之间的比较，通常在形容词前加"er"或用"more"来修饰。

）八大时态讲解：一般现在时：现在的状况，经常性、习惯性的动作或状态，真理、自然规律或客观事实等。

表示时刻表上发生的事实。

时间状语：always、often 、usually、every day、twice a week、from time to time、at present等。

现在进行时：现在正在进行的动作。

一段时间内所进行的动作。

部分移动类动词（go、come、move、arrive、leave、start等）的进行表将来。

时间状语：now, these days，at the moment, it's ten o'clock, Where is...?Look, Listen，Be quiet等。

现在完成时：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。

发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作或状态。

五个基本句式：①for+时段②since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从……以来）③since+时段+ago④since+从句（过去时）●⑤It is/has been+时段+since+从句（过去时）It is the first time that +现在完成时(用how long对它们进行提问）标志词：already、just、yet、ever、never、so far、before、in the past few weeksrecently、these days、以动作发生的次数为标志等。

have gone to、have been to、have been in的区别瞬间性变为延续性：buy----have borrow -----keep go out----be outleave ----be away come/arrive/reach/get to-----be inbegin-----be on finish----be over open----be openclose -----be closed die----be deadfall asleep----be asleep join----be in/ be a member ofmarry----be married return/come back----be backcatch/get a cold----have a cold一般过去时：过去某时间的动作或状态。