英语句子成分修改版
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英语句子成分主语谓语宾语表语定语状语补语同位语讲解[整理版]主语从句即一个句子作主语如:what he said is true. what he said是一个句子具备最短的句子所应有的主语(he)和谓语动词(said)。
又应有what引导词所以做从句,又Is 是大句子中的谓语动词,在主句中,所以其前的成分为主语,主语是一个句子,叫做主语从句。
宾语从句和主语从句同理,事不过宾语从句是在谓语动词后的句子,谓语后的成分是宾语。
如: He said that the girl is beautiful. that the girl is beautiful为宾语从句,做动词said后的宾语。
表语从句依然如此,只是动词为系动词或感官动词,动词后为表语从句。
如:He is who I am looking for. who I am looking for. 为表语从句,做系动词is的表语。
前几种句子均为名词性从句,引导词指人用who whose whom,指物用which,what。
其中which有范围 what没范围。
连接副词有:when where why how四种。
如:I don't know where he is going.(宾从)定语从句为形容词性从句,即一个句子像一个形容词,修饰一个名词或代词,而被修饰的词在句子前面,叫做先行词。
如:The girl who wears a red coat is my classmate. 其中who wears a red coat 是定语从句,修饰the girl, 所以the girl为先行词,主句为The girl is my classmate。
定语从句引导词指人和名词性从句相同,who whose whom;指物只用which,没有what;that 即指人又指物。
关系副词没有how 即 when,where,why.如: The year when I arrived there is 2000. (when I arrived there为从句)状语从句考点比较简单,记住他引导词的意思就行了,如时间是when while 等,地点是where wherever,原因是why 结果because等就可以了英语主谓宾表定状补成分精简讲解一(主语:主语(subject) 是一个句子的主题( theme),是句子所述说的主体。
句子成分(Members of a Sentence)什么叫句子成分呢?句子的组成成分叫句子成分。
在句子中,词与词之间有一定的组合关系,按照不同的关系,可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。
句子成分由词或词组充当。
现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种,即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。
英语的基本成分有七种:主语(subject)、谓语(predicate)、表语(predicative)、宾语(object)、定语(attribute)、状语(adverbial) 和补语(complement)。
英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。
掌握这五种基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。
英语五种基本句型列式如下:一:SV(主+谓)二:SVP(主+系+表)三:SVO(主+谓+宾)四:SVoO(主+谓+间宾+直宾)五:SVOC(主+谓+宾+宾补)基本句型一:SV(主+谓)主语:可以作主语的成分有名词(如boy),主格代词(如you),动词不定式,动名词等。
主语一般在句首。
注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家!谓语:谓语由动词构成,是英语时态、语态变化的主角,一般在主语之后。
不及物动词(vi.)没有宾语,形成主谓结构,如:We come.此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。
这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。
S│V(不及物动词)1. The sun │was shining. 太阳在照耀着。
2. The moon │rose. 月亮升起了。
3. The universe │remains. 宇宙长存。
4. We all │breathe, eat, and drink. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。
5. Who │cares? 管它呢?6. What he said │does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系。
7. They │talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。
初中英语句子结构模块一:句子结构【重点】一、词性的概念:英语中的单词根据词义、句法作用和形式特征所作的分类。
共有十类:名词、动词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。
1、名词,"名"就是名称---人或事物的名称.具体的人或物体的名称:人名---Mike, Li Ming;地名—America, China动物名---pig, dog;植物名---tree, wheat。
抽象的事物的名称: idea(主意), victory(胜利), knowledge(知识).2、代词,何谓“代”?即是替代的意思,主要是来替代名词,所以说名词和代词关系是很近的,或者说代词的实质就是名词,正是这种血液关系,绝大多数时候代词跟名词在句中起的作用是一样的。
代词,从英语词汇的整体来看数量并不多。
3、动词,"动"就是动作--人的五官动作: walk, jump, swim;人的大脑动作(心理活动): think, imagine。
也有些动词是表示静止的,如:am,is,are。
4、形容词,我们在谈论人或物时,常说:“你描述一下是什么样子。
”你就要用上:tall(高的),short矮的),black(黑的),white(白的)这些词往往是修饰名词,它们就是形容词。
5、副词,说人行走得快慢,讲话清楚,在英语里就要用quickly(快地),slowly(慢地),clearly(清楚地)这些词往往来修饰动词。
它们就是副词。
副词很多是从形容词加ly构成的,所以看单词词尾是否有ly是判断是否是副词的一种方法,但是词尾是ly的也不一定都是副词,可能是形容词,不过只有少量的单词(常见的有likely,friendly lovely,lonely,weekly,monthly,yearly),这几个单词需要加强记忆,也不就是几个单词特殊嘛,不过考试往往就考特殊的,你要小心才是呀!6、介词,英语用词里介词也属于难缠的一个。
英语句子成分1英语句子成分由不同词类的单词,按照一定的语法规则组合在一起,能表达一个完整意思的语言单位叫做句子。
一个句子由各个功能不同的部分构成,这些部分叫做句子成分(members of the sentence)。
英语的句子成分有八种:主语、谓语动词、表语、宾语、定语、状语、主语补足语和宾语补足语。
现分述如下:(一)主语主语(subject)是句子所要说明的人或事物,是句子的主体。
主语的位置通常在句首,一般不省略。
注意名词的单数形式常和冠词不分家。
可以担当主语的有名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词和主语从句。
例如:1.名词做主语(1)Walls have ears.隔墙有耳。
(2)The sun rises([raɪz]上升)in the east.太阳从东方升起。
2.代词做主语(1)He will take you(带你) to the hospital.他会带你去医院(2)No one knows for sure, and making predictions([prɪ'dɪkʃnz]预言)is a risky([ˈrɪski]冒险的) business([ˈbɪznəs]生意;商业).没有人确切知道,做预测是一件冒险的事。
Even more incredible is that some murderers arereleased from prison after three or four years.更令人难以置信的是,一些杀人犯在三四年后被释放出狱。
3.数词做主语(1)Twenty years is a short time in history([ˈhɪstri]历史,历史学) 。
二十年在历史上是短暂的。
(2)Three plus([plʌs]加) four equals([ˈi:kwəl]等于) seven.三加四等于七(3)One of my classmates is from Shanghai.我的一个同学来自上海。
I.指出下列各句中斜体词的词性,并将句子译成汉语。
1.The driver backed the car out of the garage.2.The man was fined 20 dollars for smoking in the theatre.3.You've done a pretty good job.4.The boy asked the actors present to sign their names in his notebook.5.In the darkness we inched against the wall.6.We walked about the school campus during the break.7.There was a burst of laughter in the classroom.8.The climber bought a lot of canned food.9.These medicines will be shipped to an African country.10.The lady put the fish dish at the window to cool it.11.Harris learned how to milk a cow.12.The crops are growing badly in such dry weather.13.The wastebasket has been emptied.14.Too much fat is bad for one's health.15. A new plan has formed in his mind.16.The girl has a gift for language learning.17.The rain saved us the trouble to water the flowers.18.They had a good laugh over the story.19.The owner named his coffee shop "Dream".20.The hall can seat about one thousand people.21.The robber was sentenced to death.22.His debt totaled £ 20,000.23.They sat still, with their eyes fixed on the teacher.24.We looked at the eagle flying high in the sky.25.Is he home already?26.The old man likes to walk his dog after breakfast.27.She has longed to have a room of her own.28.Some road signs were set up along the highway.29.Nancy stopped to have a smoke.30.I booked two tickets beforehand.II.指出下列各句的基本结构。
高考英语句子成分分析(word版可编辑修改)编辑整理:尊敬的读者朋友们:这里是精品文档编辑中心,本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的,发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对,但是难免会有疏漏的地方,但是任然希望(高考英语句子成分分析(word 版可编辑修改))的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈,这将是我们进步的源泉,前进的动力。
本文可编辑可修改,如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅,最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步,以下为高考英语句子成分分析(word版可编辑修改)的全部内容。
Part1英语句子成分一、词类英语词类分十种:名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词. 1、名词(n。
):表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称.如:boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange.2、代词(pron.):主要用来代替名词。
如:who, she, you, it .3、形容词(adj..):表示人或事物的性质或特征.如:good, right, white, orange .4、数词(num.):表示数目或事物的顺序.如:one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth.5、动词(v。
):表示动作或状态。
如:am, is,are,have,see .6、副词(adv.):修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等.如:now, very,here, often, quietly, slowly。
7、冠词(art.。
):用在名词前,帮助说明名词。
如:a, an, the.8、介词(prep。
):表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。
如in, on, from,above, behind。
9、连词(conj.): 用来连接词、短语或句子。
如and, but, before .10、感叹词(interj。
高考英语句子成分分析(推荐完整)编辑整理:尊敬的读者朋友们:这里是精品文档编辑中心,本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的,发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对,但是难免会有疏漏的地方,但是任然希望(高考英语句子成分分析(推荐完整))的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈,这将是我们进步的源泉,前进的动力。
本文可编辑可修改,如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅,最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步,以下为高考英语句子成分分析(推荐完整)的全部内容。
高考英语句子成分分析(推荐完整)编辑整理:张嬗雒老师尊敬的读者朋友们:这里是精品文档编辑中心,本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布到文库,发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对,但是难免会有疏漏的地方,但是我们任然希望高考英语句子成分分析(推荐完整) 这篇文档能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
同时我们也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈到下面的留言区,这将是我们进步的源泉,前进的动力。
本文可编辑可修改,如果觉得对您有帮助请下载收藏以便随时查阅,最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步,以下为〈高考英语句子成分分析(推荐完整)〉这篇文档的全部内容.Part1英语句子成分一、词类英语词类分十种:名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。
1、名词(n.):表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称.如:boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange.2、代词(pron。
):主要用来代替名词.如:who, she, you, it .3、形容词(adj。
.):表示人或事物的性质或特征。
如:good, right, white, orange 。
4、数词(num。
):表示数目或事物的顺序。
如:one, two, three, first, second, third,fourth.5、动词(v。
):表示动作或状态.如:am, is,are,have,see 。
一、句子成分(一)句子成分的定义:构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。
句子成分有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分有主语和谓语;次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。
(二)主语:主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。
但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。
主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
例如:During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.(名词)We often speak English in class.(代词)One-third of the students in this class are girls.(数词)To swim in the river is a great pleasure.(不定式)Smoking does harm to the health.(动名词)The rich should help the poor.(名词化的形容词)When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.(主语从句)It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式)(三)谓语:谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。
动词在句中作谓语,一般放在主语之后。
谓语的构成如下:1、简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。
如:He practices running every morning.2、复合谓语:(1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。
如:You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. (2)由系动词加表语构成。
英语句子成分教学目标:让学生掌握句子的基本成分,写作时避免句子出错。
教学重点:谓语和补足语教学难点:系表结构和补足语教学课时:1课时(一)句子成分的定义:构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。
句子成分有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分有主语和谓语;次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。
(二)主语:主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。
但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语是疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。
主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
找出下列句子的主语。
1. Mr. Chen is a well-known scientist.2. He works very hard at school3. To go to a good university is his first goal.4. Doing morning exercise is good for your health.5When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.6. It is necessary to master a foreign language.(三)谓语:谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。
动词在句中作谓语,一般放在主语之后。
找出下列句子的谓语1. We love China.2. We have finished reading this book.3. He can speak English.4. She seems tired. We are students.简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。
复合谓语:(1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。
(2)由系动词加表语构成。
(四)表语:表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态,它一般位于系动词(如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等)之后。
表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。
例如:1. I am a teacher.2. They are on the playground.3. My job is teaching English.4. It gets cold.5. It sounds interesting.6. The machine must be out of order.7.Time is up. The class is over. 8. The truth is that he has never been abroad.系动词的分类:注意:系动词无被动语态可带名词作表语的系动词:become, make, look, sound, fall, prove, remain, turn(该词后接的单数名词前多不用冠词。
如:He turned teacher.)。
(五)宾语:宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者,一般位于及物动词和介词后面。
找出下列宾语1. She is doing her homework now.2. They went to see an exhibition yesterday.3. The heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time.4. He pretended not to see me.5. I enjoy listening to popular music.6.I think(that)he is fit for his office.宾语种类:(六)宾语补足语:英语中有些及物动词,除有一个直接宾语以外,还要有一个宾语补语,才能使句子的意义完整。
带有宾语补足语的一般句型为:某些及物动词(如make等+宾语+宾补)。
宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。
找出下列句子的宾语补足语。
1. They elected John monitor.2. We call him Iron Ox.3. The doctor told me to do more exercise.4. They made her happy.5. He is going to have hair cut.6. They saw a bird flying in the sky.(七)定语:修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。
找出下列句子的定语:1. The black bike is mine.2. She is a chemistry teacher.3. The man in blue is my brother.4. The girl playing the piano is my younger sister.5. The lady who is wearing red dress is our new teacher.6. The shortest distance between two points is a straight line.7. We didn’t meet anybody new at the meet ing.8. The boy, tired, hungry and thirsty, fell down on the beach.9. He is a man suitable for the job.你能归纳出定语的位置吗?(八)状语:修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子,说明动作或状态特征的句子成分,叫做状语。
1. We often help him.2. I really don’t like the food.3. He did his homework carefully at home.4.Her mother goes out to do some shopping on Sunday.5. When I grow up, I am going to be a doctor.状语种类如下:How about meeting again at six?(时间状语)Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain.(原因状语)I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.(条件状语)Mr Smith lives on the third floor.(地点状语)She put the eggs into the basket with great care.(方式状语)She came in with a dictionary in her hand.(伴随状语)In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder.(目的状语)He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.(结果状语)She works very hard though she is old.(让步状语)I am taller than he is.(比较状语)英语句子成分基础练习I.分析下列句子成分1. Our school is not far from my home.2. It is a great pleasure to talk with you3. My grandfather bought me a pair of sports shoes.4. He broke a piece of glass.5. He made it clear that he would leave the city.6. They pushed the door open7. Do you know the latest news about him? 8 He asked us to sing an English song.9. Trees turn green when spring comes. 10. Go back where you came from.11. No matter how difficult the task may be, we must fulfill it this month.12. Don't get nervous,help yourself to what you like.13. There are so many people in the hall that it's hard for me to find him.14. Luckily the 1989 earthquake did not happen in the center of town.2. 句子结构1.英语句子类型2.五种基本句型(简单句)(1.) 主语+ 系动词+ 表语Eg. 1.2.(2). 主语+ 谓语1.2.(3)主语+ 谓语+ 宾语1.2.(4) 主语+ 谓语+ 间接宾语+ 直接宾语1.2.(5) 主语+ 谓语+ 宾语+ 宾语补足语1.2.主谓宾排序先找出主谓宾1.我昨天在山上看风景I scenery yesterday on the mountain enjoy_____________________________________________________________________ 2.那只猫趴在树上睡着了That sleeping is on the tree cat_____________________________________________________________________ 3.一个人会因唱一首歌而被知道One known by a song may be_____________________________________________________________________ 4.午饭后要坐,晚饭后要走。
After lunch sit after a while supper walk a while._____________________________________________________________________ 5. 患难(adversity)见真友in adversity a friend is find best。