China's Big-Three Oil Companies Restructured for Higher Competitiveness

大专a级英语考试真题1)、He _______ in jail because he broke the traffic law last night. [单选题]A、was put(正确答案)B、drankC、was drinkingD、put2)、They must try to _______ the boundaries of knowledge. [单选题]A、extend(正确答案)B、increaseC、enrichD、develop3)、He did not _______ on my proposal about the new project. [单选题]A、recommendB、comment(正确答案)C、commandD、mount4)、He _______ to Shanghai for I saw him a minute ago. [单选题]A、can’t goB、can’t have gone(正确答案)C、didn’t goD、couldn't go5)、As a result of his hard work, he has gained _______ to the Beijing University. [单选题]A、admission(正确答案)B、rewardC、opportunityD、achievement6)、I many projects and gained skills in this area . [单选题]A、joined(正确答案)B、rewardedC、recognizedD、played7)、Listen! The baby _______ in the next room. [单选题]A、criesB、criedC、is crying(正确答案)D、has cried8)、I enjoy _______ books in the library. [单选题]A、readB、reading(正确答案)C、to readD、have read9)、They work in the same company and they are _______ with each other. [单选题]A、goodB、familiar(正确答案)C、interestedD、sad10)、I would like to do the job _______ you don’t force me to study. [单选题]A、in caseB、althoughC、as long as(正确答案)D、even if11)、_______ he left school at 16, he still managed to become a great writer. [单选题]A、Even though(正确答案)B、Even ifC、Even althoughD、But12)、Many western festivals are _______ at the very beginning. [单选题]A、traditionalB、religious(正确答案)C、originalD、interesting13)、Kids must _______ when they walk to school. [单选题]A、on guardB、be on their guard(正确答案)C、on their guardD、been on their guard14)、Bankers were __________ of a world banking crisis. [单选题]A、fearful(正确答案)B、fearC、tiedD、tired15)、This is not like him. Something _______ be wrong. [单选题]A、must(正确答案)B、canC、mayD、might16)、The novel I bought last week is _______ of reading I think. [单选题]A、worthy(正确答案)B、worthC、that worthD、that is worth17)、The police saw him _______ on the ground when they arrived. [单选题]A、to lieB、layC、lying(正确答案)D、lain18)、The gunman stood _______ the theatre and shoot at the audience inside. [单选题]A、at front ofB、at the front of(正确答案)C、on front ofD、front of19)、-Which is the _______ season in Shanghai? [单选题]- I think it’s autumn.A、goodB、betterC、best(正确答案)D、fine20)、I am very familiar with him, so I recognized his voice _______. [单选题]A、particularlyB、especiallyC、immediately(正确答案)D、finally21)、The air in Beijing is getting much _______ now than a few years ago. [单选题]A、cleanB、more cleanerC、cleaner(正确答案)D、most clean22)、Everything in it _______ that Jacob is a Christian. [单选题]A、suggests(正确答案)B、celebratesC、yieldsD、makes23)、- _______ do you usually travel abroad? [单选题]- Once a year.A、How often(正确答案)B、How longC、How much timeD、How many years24)、The _______ were shocked to see the workers pulling the car along the street. [单选题]A、passers-by(正确答案)B、passer-bysC、passers-bysD、passer-by25)、_______ day of June is International Children's Day. [单选题]A、The first(正确答案)B、FirstC、OneD、One first26)、There are some visitors _______ to our marketing department next week. [单选题]A、comeB、coming(正确答案)C、to comingD、came27)、She is _______ General Manager of _______ big company. [单选题]A、a, anB、the, a(正确答案)C、a, theD、the, the28)、I am very pleased to be a member of the _______. [单选题]A、houseB、household(正确答案)C、homeD、mansion29)、I hope our plan will _______ by the board. [单选题]A、approveB、be approvingC、be approved(正确答案)D、been approved30)、You’d better _______ at home and _______ your homework. [单选题]A、to stay, doB、stay, do(正确答案)C、stay, to doD、to stay, to do31)、I thought you _______ like something to read. So I have brought you some books. [单选题]A、willB、might(正确答案)C、canD、shall32)、People can't live without _______ sun. [单选题]A、aB、anC、the(正确答案)D、/33)、_______ she wins _______ loses, this is her last chance. [单选题]B、Whether…or(正确答案)C、Whether…or notD、If...or not34)、Jack _______ his mobile phone at home this morning. [单选题]A、leaveB、left(正确答案)C、leavedD、have left35)、Tom is good at playing _______ piano. [单选题]A、aB、anC、the(正确答案)D、/36)、The light is still on. He _______ in the office now. [单选题]A、must workB、must be working(正确答案)C、can’t be workingD、can work37)、I’d like to know what time we can get the container _______ it is in the port. [单选题]B、when(正确答案)C、whereD、what38)、We lived in the same village then and had an amazing _______ together. [单选题]A、childhood(正确答案)B、shareC、hardshipD、parenthood39)、It’s 8 o’clock. The students _______ an English class. [单选题]A、haveB、havingC、are having(正确答案)D、will have40)、The train is running fifty miles _______. [单选题]A、an hour(正确答案)B、the hourC、a hourD、an hours41)、They _______ some social work at the weekends. [单选题]A、do(正确答案)C、didD、done42)、I saw him _______，and afterwards he was caught by the police. [单选题]A、steal(正确答案)B、stoleC、stolenD、been stolen43)、She also suggests that foreign students ____ housing with American students. [单选题]A、share(正确答案)B、will shareC、sharedD、shares44)、John _______ three bottles of beer just now, so he can’t drive himself home now. [单选题]A、does drinkB、did drink(正确答案)C、do drinkD、done drink45)、Peter _______ come with us tonight, but he isn't very sure. [单选题]B、may(正确答案)C、canD、shall46)、Social workers should learn how to _______ people. [单选题]A、look atB、look intoC、look after(正确答案)D、look up47)、It's been a(n) _______ tradition ever since. People celebrate it every year. [单选题]A、annual(正确答案)B、deliciousC、crowdedD、biannual48)、They often saw me _______. [单选题]A、in and aboutB、about and outC、out and about(正确答案)D、in and out49)、We can’t afford a bicycle, _______ a car. [单选题]A、even ifB、let alone(正确答案)C、let outD、though50)、The old lady _______ Tom for breaking the window. [单选题]A、blamed(正确答案)B、praisedC、askedD、inquired51)、Bai Mei doesn't know Liu Hui, so Zhuang Hua _______ her to Liu Hui. [单选题]A、introduces(正确答案)B、speaksC、talksD、tells52)、The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month. It is the time when the moon is said to be ____ its brightest and fullest. [单选题]A、at(正确答案)B、inC、onD、for53)、The street is _______ for five cars to go side by side. [单选题]A、wideC、enough wideD、wider enough54)、_______ students are playing on the ground. [单选题]A、The number ofB、A number of(正确答案)C、A numberD、The number55)、Well, I heard him _________ he'd cover the afternoon shift. [单选题]A、say(正确答案)B、saidC、to sayD、to have said56)、We stopped _______ when the teacher asked us to be quiet. [单选题]A、talkB、talking(正确答案)C、to talkD、talked57)、Jim is one of the most popular ________ in my company. [单选题]A、classmatesB、citizensD、students58)、I _______ an Open University student. [单选题]A、am(正确答案)B、areC、isD、been59)、Tom is a worker. He _______ in a factory and his sisters _______ in a hospital. [单选题]A、work, workB、works, work(正确答案)C、work, worksD、works, works60)、The police asked the driver to _______ the car to have an alcohol test. [单选题]A、pull over(正确答案)B、pull outC、pull onD、pull down61)、The government _______ them with accommodation. [单选题]A、offersB、givesD、makes62)、I would _______ any weakness and any fear. [单选题]A、comeB、overcome(正确答案)C、throwD、give in63)、They have lived next to this mountain for _________. [单选题]A、circumstancesB、occasionsC、generations(正确答案)D、celebration64)、The case happened _______ Tuesday afternoon. [单选题]A、inB、on(正确答案)C、atD、/65)、Is Sunday the _______ day of the week? [单选题]A、oneB、first(正确答案)C、onceD、only66)、The CEO _______ that Tony was appointed as the manager of the marketing department in today's meeting. [单选题]A、announced(正确答案)B、declinedC、attendedD、guessed67)、He _______ be over 40 years old. He looks so young! [单选题]A、may notB、can not(正确答案)C、need notD、shoud not68)、China is _______ country in the world. [单选题]A、the third largest(正确答案)B、the largest thirdC、the third largeD、the large thrid69)、He is respected as a very aggressive and ________ executive. [单选题]A、competitive(正确答案)B、completedC、complicatedD、charitable70)、Tom is considered to be _______ the other students in her class. [单选题]A、less intelligentB、the most intelligentC、as intelligent as(正确答案)D、more intelligent71)、John _______ go to the concert tomorrow because of a serious cold. [单选题]A、mightB、can’t(正确答案)C、mustD、should72)、He usually _______ from headache. [单选题]A、enduresB、suffers(正确答案)C、receivesD、hears73)、They got there an hour __________ than the others. [单选题]A、earlyB、much earlyC、earlier(正确答案)D、more earlier74)、_______ recent report stated that the number of Spanish speakers in the U.S .would be higher than the number of English speakers by _______ year 2090. [单选题]A、A, the(正确答案)B、A, /C、The, /D、/, /75)、Well, I hope you _______ coming to the party tomorrow afternoon. [单选题]A、are all(正确答案)B、all areC、allD、all will76)、He _______ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday. [单选题]A、givesB、is going to give(正确答案)C、gaveD、is given77)、You are _______ to finish your homework on time. [单选题]A、supposingB、supposed(正确答案)C、not supposedD、been supposed78)、A student will probably attend four or five courses during each _______. [单选题]A、seminarB、semester(正确答案)C、seasonD、school79)、You’d better _______ the car because you are drunk. [单选题]A、let me drive(正确答案)B、let me to drive toC、to let me driveD、not let me drive80)、It was raining hard when he _______ home. [单选题]A、got(正确答案)B、getsC、is gettingD、getting81)、They _______ some social work at the weekends last year. [单选题]A、doB、doesC、did(正确答案)D、have done82)、He gave no _______ of being a suspect. [单选题]A、accidentB、incidentC、indication(正确答案)D、imagination83)、Joan has been charged ____ a misdemeanor by asking her 13-year-old son to drive, putting her child in a dangerous situation. [单选题]A、ofB、with(正确答案)C、forD、in84)、The _______ driver was seriously hurt in the traffic accident. [单选题]A、40-years-oldB、40-year-old(正确答案)C、40 year oldD、40 years old85)、He suggested that the drunk driver _______. [单选题]A、be punished(正确答案)B、to be punishedC、punishedD、been punished86)、The schools informed the parents _______ the case immediately. [单选题]A、inB、toC、of(正确答案)D、for87)、The girl _______ the case to the staff when her parents arrived. [单选题]A、was reporting(正确答案)B、reportedC、were reportingD、has been reported88)、The pace of _______ growth is picking up. [单选题]A、economyB、economicalC、economic(正确答案)D、econimics89)、Don’t forget to _______ your seat belt when you 're driving. [单选题]A、put upB、put offC、put on(正确答案)D、put away90)、May is _______ of the year. [单选题]A、the fifth month(正确答案)B、the five monthsC、the five monthD、the fifth months91)、The higher the temperature，_______ the liquid evaporates. [单选题]A、the faster(正确答案)B、fasterC、the slowerD、slower92)、If it rains tomorrow, we _________ to picnic. [单选题]A、wouldn't go toB、can't goC、won't go(正确答案)D、should go93)、He made up a good _______ for staying at home. [单选题]A、reasonB、explanationC、excuse(正确答案)D、precondition94)、Many people live in large families. In a big family, all the people share one _______. [单选题]A、roomB、familyC、household(正确答案)D、building95)、The couple was _______ that they couldn’t drive home. [单选题]A、so drunk(正确答案)B、too drunkC、drunk enoughD、such drunk96)、When you feel _______, you should go to see a doctor. [单选题]A、sick(正确答案)B、safeC、sadD、sullen97)、The little girl was _________ that she could not utter a sound. [单选题]A、so scared(正确答案)B、too scaredC、scared enoughD、such scared98)、The firefighters are going to _______ the cause of the fire. [单选题]A、look into(正确答案)B、look upC、look downD、look around99)、The traffic accident _______ three days ago. [单选题]A、happensB、took place(正确答案)C、was occurredD、took100)、Our classroom is _______ beautiful than theirs. [单选题]A、more(正确答案)B、veryC、muchD、most。

U1 How to be happy1、吵闹的邻居的确对我们家庭不和有很大影响。

Noisy neighbors are one of the major causes of domestic upset.2、在职场上，如果一个同事对我们表示威吓的话，会造成难以言表的抑郁情绪。

A colleague at work who bullies or dismisses us creates untold wretchedness.3、我们不可能适应这种敌对关系，这种不良的人际关系会损害身心健康。

We can never fully adapt to hostile relationships, which inevitably damage our wellbeing.4、如果这种坏情绪长时间留在人们的心里，会让人陷入无法解决的恶性心理困境。

If this bad mood stays inside our mind, it will lead us to an unresolved destructive depression.5、我们不应当回避这些问题，而是要正确面对它们。

We should not avoid these problems but face them instead.U21、随着大量市民被迫迁到遥远的效外，汽车的需求量正在飞涨。

The demand for cars is soaring as growing numbers of citizens are pushed into distant suburbs.2、生态城市将把传统设计要素同最先进的绿色技术相结合。

The eco-city will combine elements of traditional design with the latest green technologies.3、预计到2010年将有一千辆燃料电池车投入使用，而到2012年将增至一万辆。

Climate change is one of the biggest challenges of our times. Global warming has causedextreme weather events, losses of species and their habitats, rising sea levels, and a range ofother impacts. These pose fundamental threats to the livelihood of humans. “The speed at which temperatures are increasing is alarming,” said Pascal Peduzzi, director of GRID-Geneva at the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP). To fight climate change, all the countries must take action and reduce their greenhouse gas emissions.China aims to peak its CO2 emissions CHINA’S CARBON NEUTRALITY PLEDGE12before 2030 and achieve carbonneutrality before 2060, according to an announcement from Chinese President Xi Jinping at the general debate of the 75th session of the United NationsGeneral Assembly via video in September 2020.Since then, vigorous policies have been rolled out in addition to already hefty input in green development. At a March meeting of the Central Committee for Financial and Economic Affairs, Xi called for incorporating the carbon emissions peaking and carbon neutrality into the overall blueprint for building an ecological civilization.“Peaking carbon emissions and achieving carbon neutrality is a tough battle and also a major test of the Party’s capabilities in governing the country,the meeting stressed.While China’s economic rise over theChina’s ambitious plan to reach carbon neutrality represents a “game-c hanger” for global climate actionFEATURESCopyright©博看网. All Rights Reserved.。

油砂资源分布及开采技术综述摘要：油砂是一种重要的非常规石油资源，世界油砂资源折算为油砂稠油约4000×108t，大于天然石油探明储量。

世界上最大的油砂矿在加拿大西部的沉积盆地，总储量约占世界储量的50%。

委内瑞拉也拥有巨大的油砂稠油资源，其次为俄罗斯和美国等，中国的油砂资源尚未经详细勘察。

油砂的结构可以分为亲水性和亲油性两类，亲水性油砂较易将稠油与固体颗粒分开，而亲油性油砂则较难将稠油与固体颗粒开。

油砂开发、稠油提取以及油砂干馏主要有露天开发和稠油提取、油砂干馏、地下就地提取稠油三类工艺。

工业上油砂露天开采、经热碱水抽提制取的稠油了直接出售，也可加工改质制成合成原油或轻质油品出售，加工改质主要有延迟化和流化焦化两种工艺流程。

目前世界上只有加拿大有大规模的油砂开发和提取油及稠油加工工业，阿尔伯达省油砂稠油等油品的总产量达到130×104bbl/d，占加拿大总原油产量的45%，盈利较丰厚。

美国有几家公司正在进行美国油砂的提取研究和中型试验，尚无工业生产。

中国石油大学等进行了中国及其他一些国家砂的抽提和干馏研究；中国石油勘探开发研究院廊坊分院等进行了中国油砂抽提和干馏等研究及中试。

中国三大石油公司都涉足加拿大油砂工业的开发利用。

本文论述了油砂资源的分布、开采方法和油砂的分离方法，可为我国油砂的和利用提供有益的信息，促进油砂开采及加工分离技术的发展。

关键词:油砂；循环蒸汽刺激法(CSS)；蒸汽辅助重力泄油法(SAGD)；露天开发；就地开采；油砂分离技术Resource distribution and exploitation of oil sandstechnology ReviewAbstract：The oil sands is an important unconventional oil resources, the world's oil sands resources are converted into oil sands, heavy oil of about 4000 × 108t, greater than the natural oil proved reserves. The world's largest oil sands in western Canada sedimentary basin, the total reserves of about 50 percent of world reserves. V enezuela has huge resources of oil sands, heavy oil, followed by Russia and the United States, China's oil sands resources has not been a detailed investigation. The structure of the oil sands can be divided into hydrophilic and lipophilic two types of hydrophilic oil sands easier to separate heavy oil and solid particles, lipophilic oil sands is more difficult to open the heavy oil and solid particles. Oil sands development, the dry distillation of heavy oil extraction and oil sands open development and heavy oil extraction, the dry distillation of oil sands underground, in situ extraction of heavy oil three types of technology. Industrial oil sands open pit mining, sold directly by the hot alkaline extraction preparation of heavy oil can be processed, but also made of modified synthetic crude oil or light oil for sale, processing modified delay and fluidized coking two kinds of process. World, only Canada has a large-scale oil sands development and extraction of oil and heavy oil processing industry, the Alberta oil sands heavy oil production reached 130 × 104bbl / d, accounting for 45% of Canada's total crude oil production , the more profitable lucrative. The United States there are a few ongoing oil sands extraction research and medium-sized trial, there is no industrial production. China Petroleum University of China and some other countries of sand extraction and the dry distillation of research; Langfang Branch of China Petroleum Exploration and Development Institute, Chinese oil sand extraction and distillation of such as research and pilot. China's three major oil companies are involved in the development and utilization of the Canadian oil sands industry. This paper discusses the distribution of oil sands resources, mining methods a nd the separation of the oil sands can provide useful information for China's oil sands and utilization to promote the development of oil sands mining and processing of separation technology.Key words：Oil sands;Cyclic steam stimulation;Steam assisted gravity drainage method；Open development；In situ mining；Oil sands separation technology目录1绪论 (1)1.1本文研究的目的及意义 (1)1.2国内外现状 (2)1.3本文研究的主要内容 (10)2国内外油砂的资源量，埋藏地点和矿藏特征 (11)2.1加拿大油砂资源量，埋藏地点和矿藏特征 (12)2.2其他国外油砂资源量，埋藏地点和矿藏特征 (13)2.3国内油砂资源量，埋藏地点和矿藏特征 (13)3世界油砂资源主要的开采技术 (16)3.1国外油砂资源开采技术 (16)3.2国内油砂资源开采技术 (21)3.3国内外油砂资源与开采技术对比 (24)4我国油砂资源开发技术展望 (26)4.1我国目前油砂资源开发程度 (26)4.2我国油砂资源开发技术的发展现状 (26)4.3我国油砂资源开发面临的困难 (26)5结论和建议 (28)5.1结论 (28)5.2建议 (28)参考文献 (30)致谢 (31)1绪论1.1本文研究的目的及意义油砂是一种含有天然沥青的砂岩或其他岩石，是由砂、沥青、矿物质、粘土和水组成的混合物。

中国公司在环境保护方面取得的成就英语作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1China's Companies Going Green!Do you know what pollution is? It's when there are too many yucky things in the air, water, and land that can make people and animals sick. Pollution is a really big problem, but Chinese companies are working super hard to help fix it!In China, there are lots of big factories that make all sorts of cool things like toys, electronics, clothes, and furniture. But factories can create a lot of pollution if they aren't careful. The good news is that more and more Chinese companies are putting a huge focus on being environmentally friendly and protecting nature.One way they are doing this is by using renewable energy sources like solar power, wind power, and water power instead of fossil fuels like coal that cause air pollution. Companies are building huge solar panel farms and wind turbine fields to capture energy from the sun and wind. It's so amazing to see these massive spinning windmills and fields covered in shinysolar panels! The renewable energy they produce doesn't release nasty gases and chemicals into the air.Another way Chinese companies are going green is by improving their manufacturing processes to reduce waste and use fewer natural resources like water, metals, and plastics. They have engineers who design fancy new machinery and systems to recycle materials over and over instead of just throwing them away after one use. Isn't that smart?Companies are also coming up with amazing inventions to turn waste products into useful things instead of just letting them pollute the environment. For example, some are taking food waste and plant scraps and turning them into plant-based plastic bottles, packaging, and even construction materials! Others are capturing methane gas from landfills and farms and using it as fuel to generate electricity. It's like they are turning trash into treasure!Of course, it's not just about having green factories and production. Chinese companies have to think green for their whole business. That means using less paper, water, and electricity in offices. It means cutting down on packaging waste from shipping products. And it means investing in eco-friendly company vehicles likes hybrid and electric cars and trucks.Leaders of these Chinese companies realize that going green is not just good for the planet, it's good for their bottom line too! Green practices help them save tons of money by using less energy and fewer raw materials. Plus, customers these days really value and want to support businesses that care about sustainability.I think it's so cool that China is a world leader in renewable energy and green technology manufacturing. We can already see the positive impacts it's having on reducing emissions and cleaning up polluted cities. The air quality in major cities like Beijing has improved a lot over the past decade thanks to companies switching to cleaner production methods.Chinese companies aren't just focused on being green in China either. They are sharing knowledge and exporting green technologies all around the world to help other countries too. It's amazing to see wind turbine farms built by Chinese companies in places like the United States, Spain, and Australia! Talk about going global while going green!There's still a lot of work to do, but I'm really proud of how hard Chinese businesses are working to protect the environment. They are proving that you can have economic growth and be a manufacturing powerhouse while still being eco-friendly. Mydream is to one day work for a green energy or environmental technology company in China!Every day I learn about some new cool invention or program that companies in China are doing to tackle pollution, conserve resources, and protect plants and animals. I can't wait to see what other amazing green breakthroughs they come up with in the future! I bet China will keep leading the way in renewable energy, sustainable manufacturing, and all sorts of othereco-friendly innovations to build a cleaner, greener world for everyone.篇2China's Green Heroes: How Chinese Companies are Saving Our PlanetHi there! My name is Xiaoming and I'm a 10-year-old student from Beijing. Today, I want to tell you all about the amazing work Chinese companies are doing to protect the environment. Get ready to be impressed!We all know that pollution and climate change are huge problems facing the world today. The skies are often gray from smog, the air is hard to breathe, and climate disasters like floods, droughts, and heatwaves are becoming more common. It can allseem pretty scary. But you know what? Chinese companies have been working super hard to turn things around and make our planet greener and cleaner. They are true environmental heroes!Let me give you some examples of the incredible things they've achieved:Clean and Renewable EnergyOne of the biggest ways companies in China are helping the environment is by developing loads of clean, renewable energy sources like solar, wind, and hydropower. This means we can make electricity without burning nasty fossil fuels like coal that pollute the air and cause climate change.Did you know that China is now the global leader in renewable energy? Chinese companies have built enormous wind farms with thousands of huge turbines capturing energy from the wind across the country. They've also constructed gigantic solar farms that use panels to absorb energy from the sun. China is even working on ambitious new technologies like nuclear fusion which could provide virtually unlimited clean energy in the future! How awesome is that?A lot of big Chinese companies like Huawei, Tencent, and Alibaba have also installed solar panels and wind turbines attheir offices and facilities. Some companies generate so much renewable energy that they actually send extra clean electricity back to power other homes and businesses. They're like real-life superheroes fighting climate change with sun and wind power!Green TransportationAnother major way Chinese companies are protecting the environment is by developing environmentally-friendly transportation systems. They know that gas-guzzling cars and smoky trucks are choking our cities with pollution, so they're finding greener ways to get people and goods moving.A great example is the electric car company BYD which is one of the largest electric vehicle makers in the world. Their sleek and modern electric cars don't need gas at all - they run completely on rechargeable batteries! That means no smelly exhaust fumes polluting our air. So cool!China also now has the longest network of high-speed electric trains in the world. These bullet trains can travel at super fast speeds while producing way less pollution than planes or cars. Just last year, I got to ride one from Beijing to Shanghai and it was such an amazing experience zooming through the countryside.Lots of big cities in China like Shenzhen have also built huge networks of rented public bicycles and electric scooters. This gives people an easy way to get around town without needing to drive a car that creates emissions. You just pick one up from the nearest station, ride to your destination, and drop it off again! It's so convenient and environmentally-friendly.Green Buildings and InfrastructureWhile we're on the topic of cities, let me tell you about all the incredible green buildings and infrastructure Chinese companies have been constructing. They understand that our homes, offices, and public spaces need to be designed to protect nature as much as possible.More and more skyscrapers and shopping malls in China are now being built with eco-friendly designs that use less energy and water. Things like solar panels, green roofs with plants and gardens, smart heating and cooling systems, and recycling centers for waste are becoming standard in new construction projects across the country.Entire cities are even being master-planned from the ground up with sustainability in mind! I recently learned about the Xiongan New Area that's being built near Beijing. It will use cutting-edge technologies like AI systems to carefully managethings like energy usage, traffic, and pollution levels. Trees and parks will be woven throughout to create a balance between urban life and nature. It's being called a model for cities of the future.Chinese construction companies are also using more environmentally-friendly materials like recycled concrete and steel, sustainable wood products, and non-toxic paints. My dad is an engineer and he tells me about all the new green innovations his company is using on major infrastructure projects like dams, bridges, and public transit systems too. The focus everywhere is on doing things the sustainable way.Protecting Habitats and WildlifeAs Chinese companies work hard on renewable energy, green transportation, and eco-cities, they're also making major efforts to protect the natural environment around us. Conserving habitats for endangered plants and animals is a huge priority.Companies have partnered with the government and environmental groups on initiatives to establish new national parks, wildlife reserves and marine protected areas across the country. This creates safe havens where rare and threatened species like giant pandas, golden monkeys, red-crowned cranes,and Chinese sturgeon can live and thrive without being disturbed.Chinese companies like China Mobile and Sinopec have adopted specific endangered species like the crested ibis as mascots. They fund research, anti-poaching efforts, habitat restoration and public education programs to save these precious animals from going extinct. I absolutely love learning about all the unique and amazing creatures we're working to conserve.Corporations in China are also heavily involved in huge tree planting and reforestation projects to expand and connect green spaces across the country. They organize events where thousands of their employees go out and help plant tree seedlings in areas that have lost forests due to wildfires, farming, or urban development. The goal is to bring back lush, healthy forests that provide homes for wildlife.Reducing Waste and PollutionThe last way I'll mention that Chinese companies are environmental champions is through their work to reduce waste and pollution of all kinds - from plastics to chemical contaminants. They know that trash and pollutants are really badfor the health of both people and nature, so they're using smart practices to cut way down on these problems.Loads of companies have policies to reduce paper use, phase out single-use plastics, cut down on food waste from cafeterias, and generally make operations more efficient with less wasted resources. Many have big recycling programs for separating out and processing materials like metal, glass, ande-waste so they don't end up in landfills. Some are even developing fancy new recycling technologies that can break waste down into reusable chemical components!Factories and manufacturers have been redesigning their production processes to generate less hazardous waste, air pollution, and water contamination using techniques like waste treatment systems, smokestack filters, and closed-loop recycling. It's an ongoing process, but the trends are going in a much greener direction!On the consumer side, Chinese companies offer apps and services to make it easier for households like mine to reduce and properly recycle all our garbage. We can schedule pickups for recyclable materials, get reminders about waste sorting, learn about ways to cut down on single-use plastics, and much more. It's awesome how everyone is working together on this.In ConclusionSo those are just some of the incredible ways Chinese companies have become environmental heroes working hard to protect our planet. From renewable energy to eco-cities, from wildlife conservation to zero waste, they are really leading the charge to build a cleaner, greener and more sustainable future for us all.It fills me with so much hope and excitement to think about where all these green innovations might take China and the world in the years ahead. I can't wait to grow up and join the fight against climate change and pollution myself one day! Maybe I'll be an engineer designing the next generation of high-speed electric trains and solar power plants. Or perhaps I'll dedicate my career to preserving habitats and endangered species. So many possibilities!In the meantime, I'll do my part by learning everything I can, recycling diligently, and treating nature with respect and care. I hope that you are inspired to make green choices too after hearing about all the great work Chinese companies are doing. Together, we can all be environmental champions and build a healthy planet for ourselves and generations to come!篇3Protecting Our Beautiful Planet: Chinese Companies Going GreenHi there! My name is Xiaoming and I'm a 4th grader at Beijing Elementary School. Today I want to talk to you about something really important - how Chinese companies are helping to protect our amazing planet Earth.You've probably heard about things like air pollution, climate change, and plastic waste in the oceans. Those are really big problems that can harm the environment and all the animals and plants that live on Earth. But you know what? Chinese companies have been working super hard to become more environmentally friendly and reduce their impact on nature. Isn't that great?Let me tell you about some of the cool things they've been doing. First up, let's talk about reducing air pollution from factories and cars. Chinese companies have been installing fancy new equipment to trap harmful gases and particles before they can go into the air we breathe. They've also been making more electric vehicles that don't release any emissions at all! My dadjust got an electric car and it's so quiet and smooth. Maybe one day all our cars will be zero-emission.Next, let's look at renewable energy like solar and wind power. You've definitely seen those huge windmills with the long blades spinning around? Those generate clean electricity without burning any coal or oil. Well, Chinese companies have been building massive wind farms and covering deserts and fields with solar panels. All that renewable energy means we don't have to burn as many fossil fuels which is better for the planet.Protecting forests is another big way companies are going green. Trees are so important for absorbing carbon dioxide and providing homes for wildlife. Some Chinese companies have created huge tree planting programs and invested in sustainable forest management. They make sure that for every tree they cut down, they plant several more. My family went to a national park last year and it was full of beautiful, lush forests thanks to these conservation efforts.Reducing plastic waste is a tough challenge, but Chinese businesses are working on it. Many companies have stopped using as much single-use plastic packaging and are switching to eco-friendly materials instead. And get this - some are even turning used plastics into brand new products through a processcalled recycling! It's like giving plastic waste a second life. So cool, right?Those are just a few examples, but there's so much more happening across China's industries. From making biodegradable products to conserving water to tracking their carbon footprints, companies are really making an effort. Of course, there's still more progress to be made, but it makes me really proud to see my country's businesses being leaders in environmental protection.Why is this so important? Well, Earth is the only planet we've got and we all need to work together to take care of it. By going green, Chinese companies are helping to reduce pollution, fight climate change, and preserve natural habitats for all the cute animals. After all, this beautiful planet is their home too!I'm just a kid, but I know how crucial it is to protect the environment today so that my generation and future generations can live in a clean, healthy world tomorrow. Every little action we take adds up to something big. So let's follow the example of these awesome Chinese companies and do our part - recycle, save energy, and cherish nature. Together we can build a better, greener future!What do you think? I hope you found this interesting and that it inspires you to go green as well. We're all Earthlings on this pale blue dot floating through space. It's the only homewe've got, so we need to take good care of it! Let me know if you have any other questions. Reducing our environmental footprint can seem hard, but I know we can do it one step at a time.。

-牛津版小学英语课本 (1-5 年级 ) 全部单词分类学校 Schoolshool 学校 [sku:l] n. uniform 制服；军服 ['ju:ni fɔ :m] n. term 学期；期限 [tə:m] n class 班级 [klɑ:s] n.b ook 书 [buk] n. pencil 铅笔 ['pensəl] n.bag 书包 [bæɡ ] n. pen 钢笔 [pen] n.ruler 尺子 ['ru:lə] n. pencil-case 铅笔盒 ['penslkeis] n. eraser 橡皮 [i'reizə] n. crayon 蜡笔 ['kreiən] n.sharpener 卷笔刀 [' ʃɑ: pənə] n. ink 墨水[iŋk] nlesson 功课；课程 ['lesən] n. paper 纸 ['peipə] n.text 课文；文本 [tekst] n brush 毛笔 [brʌʃ] n.have a lesson 上课Chinese book 语文书have lessons 上课young pioneer 少年先锋队员eye-exercises 眼保操s tudent （大中学）学生 ['stju:dənt] n classmate 同学 ['kl ɑ :smeit] n homework 家庭作业 ['həumwə:k] npupil 小学生 ['pjupəl] n. blackboard 黑板 ['blækb ɔ :d] nred scarf 红领巾playground 操场 ['plei ɡ raund] n exercise-book 练习本have English class 上英语课begin classes 开始上课talk in English 用英语讲paint 颜料 [peint] n morning exercises 早操timetable 课程表 ['taim,teibl] n teacher 教师 ['ti:tʃə] n.break 课间休息；休息 [breik] n felt pen 毡头笔 [felt] nnote 纸币；笔记 [nəut] n teacher’s desk 讲台seat 座位 [si:t] n class is over 下课了-go home 回家school is over. 放学了课程 Subjectsubject 科目 [' sʌbdʒikt ] n. Chinese 语文 ['t ʃ ai'ni:z] n. English 英语['iŋgli ʃ] n. math 数学[mæ θ ] nscience 科学；技术 ['saiəns] n physical education 体育课['fizikəl] [,edjukei ʃ n] nart 美术 [ɑ:t] n. music 音乐 ['mju:zik] ntext 课文；文本 [tekst] n书 Bookpoem 诗 ['pəuim] n module 单元；组件 ['m ɔ dju:l] n unit 单元；单位 ['ju:nit] n word 单词；言辞；歌词 [wə:d] n page 页 [peid ʒ ] n letter 字母；文字 ['letə] nsheet 印刷品；表格 [ ʃ i:t] n vocabulary 词汇 [və'kæbjuləri] n grammar 语法 ['græmə] n dictionary 字典 ['dik ʃəneri]b ook 书 [buk] n. content 目录；容 [kən'tent] n身体 Bodybody 身体 ['b ɔ di] n. hair 头发[hεə] n.head 头 [hed] n. face 脸 [feis] n.hand 手 [hænd] n. mouth 嘴[mauθ] n.n ose 鼻子 [nəuz] n. ear 耳朵 [iə] n.eye 眼睛 [ai] n. finger 手指['fiŋ ɡə] n.a rm 胳膊 [ ɑ: m] n. feet 脚（复数） ['fi:t] n.foot 脚 [fut] n. stomach ['stʌmək] n.throat 喉咙[θrəut] n. teeth 牙 ( 复数) [ti:θ] ntooth 牙齿[tu:θ] n.toe 脚趾 [təu] n.-leg 腿 [le ɡ ] n. knee 膝盖 [ni:] n.back 后背 [bæk] n bone 骨头 [bəun] n颜色 colourcolour 颜色 ['kʌlə] n. red 红色的 [red] adj. yellow 黄色的 ['jeləu] adj. green 绿色的 [ ɡ ri:n] adj. blue 蓝色的 [blu:] adj. purple 紫色的 ['pə:pl] adj. white 白色的 [hwait] adj. black 黑色的 [blæk] adj. orange 橙色的 [ 'ɔ rin dʒ ] adj. pink 粉色的[piŋk] adj.b rown 棕色的 [braun] adj. grey 灰色的 [ɡrei] adj. 动物 Animalanimal 动物 ['æniməl] n dog 狗 [dɔɡ] n. cat 猫；猫科动物 [kæt] n. kitty 小猫 ['kiti:] n.puppy 小狗 ['p ʌ pi] n rabbit 兔子 ['ræbit] n.duck 鸭子 [dʌk] n. hare 野兔[h εə ] nduckling 小鸭 ['d ʌkliŋ] n pig 猪 [pi ɡ ] n.parrot 鹦鹉 ['pærət] n bear 熊[bεə] n.bird 鸟；禽 [bə:d] n. bee 蜜蜂，勤劳的人 [bi:] n. elephant 大象 ['elifənt] n. mouse 老鼠 [maus] n.squirrel 松鼠 ['skwə:rəl] n. monkey 猴子；顽童 ['m ʌŋki] n. swan 天鹅 [sw ɔ n] n giraffe 长颈鹿 [dʒi'rɑ:f] n. zebra 斑马；有斑纹的 ['zi:brə] n lizard 蜥蜴 ['lizəd] nfox 狐狸；狡猾的人 [f ɔ ks] n panda 熊猫 ['pændə] n. crocodile 鳄鱼 ['krɔkə,dail] n. chick 小鸡 [tʃik] n.cow 母牛 [kau] n chicken 鸡 ['tʃikin] n. dinosaur 恐龙 ['dainəs ɔ :] n donkey 驴；傻瓜 ['d ɔŋki] n-dragon 龙 ['dræɡən] n. snake 蛇 [sneik] nlion 狮子；勇敢的人 ['laiən] n tiger 老虎；凶残的人 ['tai ɡə] n owl 猫头鹰 [aul] n fish 鱼 [fiʃ] n.sheep 羊；害羞的人 [ ʃ i:p] n tortoise 乌龟 [ 'tɔ: təs] npet 宠物；宝贝 [pet] n kangaroo 袋鼠[,kæŋgə'ru:] n caterpillar 毛虫；蝶 ['kætə,pilə] n butterfly 蝴蝶 ['bʌtəflai] n. dolphin 海豚 ['d ɔ lfin] n moth 蛾；蛀虫 [m ɔθ] ngoose 鹅 [ ɡ u:s] n frog 青蛙 [fr ɔɡ ] ntadpole 蝌蚪 ['tædpəul] n geese 鹅 ( 复数 ) [ ɡ i:s]wolf 狼 [wulf] n seal 海豹 [si:l] nhorse 马 [h ɔ :s] n shark 鲨鱼 [' ʃɑ: k] ncocoon 茧；卵袋 [kə'ku:n] n 食物 Food feeler 触角；触须 ['fi:lə] n insect 昆虫 ['insekt] nfood 食物 [fu:d] n. vegetable 蔬菜 ['vedʒitəbl] n. fruit 水果 [fru:t] n. drink 饮料[driŋk] nbread 面包 [bred] n cake 蛋糕 [keik] nBigMac 巨无霸 n. hot dog 热狗McChicken 麦香鸡 n sausage 香肠 ['s ɔ :sid ʒ ] n hamburger 汉堡包 ['hæmbə: ɡə] n chicken 鸡肉 ['t ʃ ikin] n French fries 榨薯条 [frent ʃ fraiz] n. chocolate 巧克力 ['t ʃɔ kəlit] n crisp 松脆饼干；薯片 [krisp] n. Coke 可乐 [kəuk] nwater 水 ['w ɔ :tə] n tea 茶 [ti:] n milk 牛奶 [milk] njuice 果汁；汁 [d ʒ u:s] ncoffee 咖啡 ['k ɔ fi] n egg 蛋 [e ɡ ] nrice 米饭 [rais] n jam 果酱 [d ʒ æm] n.-noodles 面条（通常复数 ['nu:dl] n carrot 胡萝卜；红头发 ['kærət] n tomato 番茄 [ tə'mɑ:təu] n. potato 马铃薯 [pə'teitəu] n cabbage 卷心菜 ['kæbid ʒ ] n honey 蜂蜜 ['h ʌ ni] napple 苹果 ['æpl] n bean 豆 [bi:n] n.pear 梨[pεə] n pineapple 菠萝；凤梨 ['pain,æpl] n orange 橘子 ['ɔrindʒ ] n banana 香蕉 [bə'nɑ:nə] n . watermelon 西瓜 ['w ɔ :tə,melən] n grape 葡萄；葡萄酒 [greip] nlime 酸橙；菩提树 [laim] n plum 梅子；洋 [pl ʌ m] abutter 黄油；奶油 ['b ʌ tə] n durian 榴莲 ['djuəriən] nsugar 糖 [' ʃ ugə] n flour 面粉；粉状物质 [flauə] n corm 谷物 [k ɔ :m] n salt 盐 [s ɔ :lt] n数字 Numbernumber ['nʌmbə] n. one 一 [w ʌ n] num.two 二 [tu:] num. three 三[θri:] num.four 四 [f ɔ :] num. five 五 [faiv] num.six 六 [siks] num. seven 七 ['sevən] num.eight 八 [eit] num. nine 九 [nain] num.ten 十 [ten] num. eleven 十一 [i'levən] num.twelve 十二 [twelv] num. thirteen 十三['θə:'ti:n] num. fourteen 十四 ['fɔ:'ti:n] num. fifteen 十五 ['fifti:n] num. sixteen 十六 ['siks'ti:n] num. seventeen 十七 [,sevən'ti:n] num. eighteen 十八 ['ei'ti:n] num. nineteen 十九 [,nain'ti:n] num. twenty 二十 ['twenti] num. thirty 三十['θə:ti] num.forty 四十 ['fɔ:ti] num. fifty 五十 ['fifti] num.sixty 六十 ['siksti] num. seventy 七十 ['sevənti] num.-eighty 八十 ['eiti] num. ninety 九十 ['nainti] num.hundred 一百 ['hʌndrəd] num. thousand 一千['θauzənd] num.twenty-five 二十五 numfirst 第一；首先 [fə:st] num second 第二 ['sekənd] numthird 第三[θə:d] num fourth 第四 [f ɔ:θ] numfifth 第五[fif θ ] num sixth 第六[siks θ ] numseventh 第七['sevn θ ] num eighth 第八[eit θ ] numninth 第九[nain θ ] num tenth 第十[ten θ ] numeleventh 第十一[i'levn θ ] num twelfth 第十二[twelf θ ] numtwentieth 第二十['twentii θ ] num thirtieth 第三十['θə:tii θ ] numtwenty-first 第二十一 [,twenti'fə:st] num 冠词 Articlea 一 [ei] art. an 一 [ən] artthe 这，那 [[ði]] art.Be 动词am ( 我 ) 是 [æm] v.is （他，她，它）是 [ iz ] v. 主格 NominativeI 我 [ai] pron.he 他 [hi: ] pron.we 我们 [wi:] pron.宾格 O bjective Caseme 我 [mi:] pronhim 他 [him] pronus 我们 [ʌs] pron are ( 你，你们，我们，他们，她们，它们 ) 是 [ ɑ :] v.you 你，你们 [ju:] pron.she 她 [ʃi:] pron.they 他 ( 她；它 ) 们 [ðei] pron. it 它 [it] pron.you 你，你们 [ju:] pron.her 她 [hə:] pronthem 他 ( 她；它 ) 们 [ðem] pron it 它 [it] pron.-形容词性物主代词my 我的 [mai] pronhis 他的 [hiz] pronour 我们的 ['auə] pron名词性物主代词mine 我的 [main] pronhis 他的 [hiz] pronours 我们的 ['auəz] pron反身代词myself 我自己 [mai'self] pron.itself 它自己 [it'self]pron. herself 她自己 [hə:'self] pron.himself 他自己 [him'self] pron. 介词 prepositionrom 从……[fr ɔ m] prep.about 关于 [ə'baut] prep.above 在…… 上方 [ə'b ʌ v] prep. behind 在…… 后面 [bi'haind] prep. down 向下 [daun] prep. 或 ad. after 在… 后面 [' ɑ :ftə] prep. before 在…… 之前 [bi'fɔ:] prep. like 像 [laik] prep.beside 在…… 旁边 [bi'said] prep. your 你的；你们的 [jɔ: ] pronher 她 ( 宾格 ) [hə:] prontheir 他 ( 她；它 ) 们的[ðεə] pronits 它的 [its] pronyours 你的；你们的 [juəz] pronhers 她的 [hə:z] prontheirs 他 ( 她；它 ) 们的[ðєəz] pron its 它的 [its] pronyourself 你自己 [jɔ:'self] pron.yourselves 你们自己 [jɔ:'selvz] pron. themselves 他们自己 [ðəm'selvz] pron. ourselves 我们自己 [,auə'selvz] pron. self 自己；自我；本质 [self] nin 在…… 之 [in] prep.into 到…… 里 ['intu: ] prep.at 在 ... ；在…… 时 [æt] prep.to 到；向 [tu: ] prep.by 在… 旁；靠近 prep.on 在…… 之上（时候） [ɔn ] prep. under 在…… 下面 [' ʌ ndə] prepplus 加 [plʌs ] prep.minus 减 'mainəs] prep.inside 在…… 里面 [in'said] prep outside 在…… 外面 ['aut'said] prep away 离…… ；外出 [ə'wei]-between 在 ( 两者 ) 之间 [bi'twi:n] prep up 向上；上升；在…… 上面[ ʌ p] prep. 或 ad.come in. 进来 ['k ʌ m in]out 向外 [aut] prep.out 通过…… 而出 [aut] prep介词短语from beijing 从来的over there 在那边go to the door 到门那儿去in front of 在… 前面out of 向 ( 在)… 外面wait for 等候it's time for 是… 的时候了play with 玩…be afraid of 害怕so much like 很像at the back 在后面pick up 拾起next to 与…… 相邻 [nekst]地点 Placesshool 学校 [sku:l]n.park 公园 [pɑ:k] nhome 家 [həum]n.house 房屋 [haus]n. near 靠近 [niə] prepover 越 ( 过 ) ['əuvə] prep.for 为；代替；因为；为得到 [ f ɔ :] prep with . 用；和… 在一起 [wið ] prep. through 穿过[θru:] prepat the zoo 在动物园里at three 在三时；在三点at home 在家look at 看……a lot of 许多…a pair of trousers 一条裤子of course 当然 [k ɔ :s]look for 寻找hurry up! 快点！run away 跑掉by underground 乘地铁try on 试穿put into 放到… 里listen to 听……library 图书馆 ['laibrəri] nzoo 动物园 [zu:] ncinema 电影院 ['sinəmə] nfactory 工厂 ['fæktəri] nsquare 广场[skwεə] ncrossing 十字路口 ['kr ɔ:siŋ] n-room 房间 [ru:m] n.classroom 教室 ['kl ɑ : srum] n bathroom 浴室['bæθrum] n kitchen 厨房 ['kit ʃ in] n bookstore 书店 ['bukst ɔ :] n sitting room 起居室study 书房 ['st ʌ di] ntheatre 剧场['θiətə] n restaurant 餐厅 ['restər ɔ nt] n road 路；街道 [rəud] nbeach 海滩 [bi:t ʃ ] nfarm 农场 [fɑ:m] njungle 丛林 ['d ʒʌŋgl] nblock 大楼；大厦 [bl ɔ k] n palace 宫殿 ['pælis] n国家 Nationnation 国家 ['neiʃən]n.China 中国 ['t ʃai nə] n America 美国；美洲 [ə'merikə] n England 英国 ['inglənd] nRussia 俄罗斯 ['rʌʃə]n. motherland 祖国 ['m ʌ ðəlænd] n 星期 Weekweek 周，星期 [wi:k]n. Tuesday 星期二 ['tju:zdi ] n bedroom 卧室 ['bedrum] nliving room 客厅dining room 餐室；餐厅 nhall 食堂，会堂 [hɔ:l]n.supermarket 超市 ['sju:pə,mɑ:kit]police station 警署；派出所station 车站；电台；基地 ['stei ʃən] n tower 塔；高楼 ['tauə] ntemple 庙宇；圣堂；寺院 ['templ] n country park 乡村公园 ['k ʌ ntri]garden 花园；菜园；游乐场 ['gɑ:dn] n castle 城堡 ['kɑ:sl] ncage 笼子；监牢 [keid ʒ ] nnational 国家的 ['næʃənəl] adj.Chinese 中国的；汉语；中国人 ['t ʃ ai'ni:z] Amercian 美国的；美国人 [ə'merikən] English 英国的；英语；英国人['iŋgli ʃ ] Russian 俄语 , 俄国人 ['r ʃən]capital 首都 ['kæpitəl] nthe capital of China 中国首都national flag 国旗 [flæɡ]Monday 星期一 ['m ʌ ndi] nWednesday 星期三 ['wenzdei ] nFriday 星期五 ['fraidi] nSunday 星期天 ['s ʌ ndi] n-Thursday 星期四['θə:zdi] n Saturday 星期六 ['sætədi] n月份 Monthmonth 月 [mʌnθ] n.February 二月 ['februəri] nApril 四月 ['eiprəl] nJune 六月 [d ʒ u:n] nAugust 八月 [ ɔ :'g ʌ st] n October 十月 [ ɔ k'təubə] n季节 Seasonseason 季节 ['si:zn] nsummer 夏天 ['sʌmə]n.fall 秋天 [f ɔ :l] n衣服 Clothesclothes 衣服 [klɔθ ] ncap 帽子 [kæp] nshirt ( 男式 ) 衬衫 [ ʃə:t] nscarf 围巾，领巾 [skɑ:f] nT-shirt T 恤衫pants 长裤 [pænt] nsize 大小；尺寸； [saiz] n trousers 裤子；长裤 ['tr au zəz] n glove 手套 [g lʌ v] n职业 Jobjob 职业 [dʒɔb]n. January 一月 ['d ʒ ænjueri] n March 三月 [mɑ:t ʃ ] nMay 五月 [mei]n.July 七月 [d ʒ u:'lai] nSeptember 九月 [sep'tembə] n November 十一月 [nəu'vembə] n December 十二月 [di'sembə] n spring 春天[spriŋ] nautumn 秋天 ['ɔ:təm]n.winter 冬天 ['wintə]n.wear 穿戴[wεə] n. 或 v.coat 上衣 [kəut] nblouse ( 女式 ) 衬衫 [blauz] nskirt 裙子；边缘；外围 [skə:t] n jacket 外衣；夹克；皮 ['d ʒ ækit] n dress 连衣裙 [dres] njeans 牛仔裤；斜纹棉布 [ dʒi :n] n sock(s) 袜子（复数） [ sɔk ] nmask 面具；遮蔽物；口罩 [ mɑ: sk] n shoe(s) 鞋子（复数） [ ʃ u:] nwork 工作 [wə:k] n. 或 v.farmer 农民 ['fɑ:mə] nartist 画家；艺术家 ['ɑ:tist] n teacher 教师 ['ti:t ʃə] nstudent 学生 ['stju:dənt]n.-peasant 农民 ['pezənt] ndoctor 医生；博士 ['d ɔ ktə] n scientist 科学家 ['saiəntist] n nurse 护士 [nə:s] nwriter 作家 ['raitə] nengineer 工程师 [,end ʒ i'niə] n policeman 男警察 [pə'li:smən] n cleaner 清洁工 ['kli:nə] n accountant 会计 [ə'kauntənt] n driver 司机 ['draivə] ndentist 牙医 ['dentist] ncook 厨师 [kuk] npostman 邮递员 ['pəustmən] n waiter 服务员（男） ['weitə] n diver 跳水者；潜水员 ['daivə] n soldier 士兵；兵蚁 ['səuld ʒə] n 家庭 Familyfamily 家庭；家族 ['fæmili] n family tree 家谱 [tri:]mother 母亲 ['mʌðə]n.dad 爸爸（口语） [dæd] n father 父亲 ['fɑ:ðə]n.son 儿子；女婿 [s ʌ n] naunt 姑姑；婶；姨 [ɑ:nt] n sister 姐妹 ['sistə] n model 模型；模特；模 ['m ɔ dl] n actress 女演员 ['æktris] nactor 男演员 ['æktə] npolicewoman 女警 [pə'li:s,wumən] n salesperson 销售员 ['seilz,pə:sən] nTV reporter 电视台记者 [ri'p ɔ :tə] fireman 消防员 ['faiəmən] nsinger 歌唱家；歌手 ['sind ʒə] npilot 飞行员；舵手 ['pailət] nwaitress 女服务员 ['weitris] nzoo keeper 饲养员 ['ki:pə] nshop assistant 营业员 [ə'sistənt] n ambulance (man) 急救员 ['æmbjuləns] n love 爱 [l ʌ v] nfamily member 家庭成员 ['membə] n parents 父母['pєərənts] nmum 妈妈（口语） [m ʌ m] ngrandpa 爷爷；外公 ['grændpɑ:] n grandma 奶奶；外婆 ['grændmɑ:] n daughter 女儿；媳妇；妇女 ['d ɔ :tə] n uncle 叔叔舅舅姨夫姑父 [' ʌŋkl] n brother 兄弟 ['brʌðə] n.nephew 侄子；外甥 ['nefju:]n.man 男子 [mæn] nmen 男子（复数） [ men] n-cousin 堂兄弟姐妹 ['kʌzən]n. niece 侄女；外甥女 [ni:s]n.人 Peoplepeople 人 ( 复数 ) ['pi:pl]n. friend 朋友 [frend] nchild 小孩 [t ʃ aild] nchildren 小孩（复数 ['tʃildrən]n. baby 婴儿；幼畜 ['beibi] nMiss 女士；小姐；少女 [mis] n Mr. 先生 (mister 缩写 ) ['mistə] n Mrs. 太太，夫人 ['misiz]n.运动 Sportsports 体育运动 [sp ɔ :ts] n basketball 篮球 ['bæskitb ɔ :l] n volleyball 排球 ['vɔlibɔ:l]n. soccer 英式足球 ['sɔkə]n.bat 球拍 ; 击球 [bæt] n天气 Weatherweather 天气 ['weðə] n.sun 太阳 [s ʌ n] nsky 天空 [skai] nstar 星星 [stɑ:] ncloud 云 [klaud] nrain 雨；下雨 [rein] n raindrop 雨点 ['reindr ɔ p] n woman 妇女 ['wumən] nwomen 妇女 ['wimin]n.boy 男孩；儿子；小儿子 [b ɔ i] n girl 女孩；女儿 [ɡə:l] nMr. and Mrs. white 怀特先生和夫人lady 女士；夫人；小姐 ['leidi] n gentleman 先生，绅士 ['dʒentlmən]n tennis 网球 ['tenis]n.tabletennis 乒乓球pingpong 乒乓球；桌球['piŋp ɔŋ] n badminton 羽毛球 ['bædmintən]n. football 足球；橄榄球 ['futb ɔ :l] n earth 地球 [ə:θ]n.air 空气；天空；气氛[εə] nmoon 月亮；月光 [mu:n] nsunny 晴朗的 ['s ʌ ni] adj.moon 月亮 [mu:n]n.cloudy 多云的 ['klaudi]n.rainy 雨天；多雨的 ['reini] adj. rainbow 彩虹 ['reinbəu] nsnowy 下雪的 ['snəui] adj.windy 有风的；风大的 ['windi] adj. stormy 暴风雨的 ['stɔ:mi]n. lightning 闪电['laitniŋ]n.lunch 午餐 [l ʌ nt ʃ ] n-snow 雪；下雪 [snəu]n.wind 风 [wind]n.storm 暴风雨 [st ɔ :m] n thunder 雷；雷声['θ ʌ ndə] n餐 Mealmeal 一餐 [mi:l]n.breakfast 早餐 ['brekfəst] n supper 晚饭；晚餐会 ['s ʌ pə] n dessert 甜点；餐后甜点 [di'zə:t] n have breakfast 吃早饭家具 Furniturefurniture 家具 ['fə:nitʃə]n.wall 墙 [w ɔ :l] nchair 椅子 [t ʃɛə] ndoor 门；出口 [d ɔ :] nsofa 沙发；长椅 ['səufə] nroof 屋顶；车顶 [ru:f] n一些名词box 盒子 [b ɔ ks] numbrella 伞 [ ʌ m'brelə] nbottle 瓶；酒 ['b ɔ tl] n newspaper 报纸 ['nju:s,peipə] n key 钥匙 [ki:] nspoon 勺子 [spu:n] nplate 盘子 [pleit] n dinner 晚餐 ['dinə]n.dish 碟子；盘子 [di ʃ ] ndining 进餐['dainiŋ] neat breakfast 吃早饭 [i:t] ['brekfəst] bench 长凳 [bent ʃ ] nfloor 地板 [fl ɔ :] nwindow 窗 ['windəu] ncupboard 小厨；碗柜 ['k ʌ bəd] n shelf 书架 [ ʃ elf] ntable 桌子 ['teibl] nknife 小刀；手术刀；匕首 [naif] n glass 玻璃杯 [ɡlɑ:s] ncup 杯子；奖杯 [k ʌ p] nboard 写字板；牌子；伙食 [b ɔ :d] n chopsticks 筷子（复数） ['t ʃɔ pstik] n fork 叉子；岔口 [f ɔ :k] nbrush 刷 ( 子 ) [br ʌʃ ] ncushion 靠垫；坐垫 ['ku ʃən] n scissors 剪刀 ['sizəz] nglue 胶水 [glu:] nshaker 搅拌器 [' ʃ eikə] nglasses 眼镜；双筒望远镜 ['gl ɑ :siz] n packet 小包 ['pækit] nsunglasses 太阳镜 ['s ʌ nglɑ:siz] n sketchbook 写生簿 ['sket ʃ buk] n-screwdriver 螺丝刀 ['skru:,draivə] bell 铃 , 铃声 [bel] n.bin 垃圾箱；容器 [bin] n hammer 锤子；链球 ['hæmə] n mirror 镜子；榜样 ['mirə] nphone [fəun]n.hoop 呼啦圈；戒指 [hu:p] n telephone ['telifəun] n.watch 手表； [w ɔ t ʃ ] nbasket 筐 ['bɑ:skit] ntoy car 玩具车clock 钟 [kl ɔ k] nparty 聚会；党派 ['pɑ:ti] n skateboard 滑板 ['skeitb ɔ :d] n puppet 木偶；傀儡 ['p ʌ pit] n parcel 小包；包裹 ['pɑ:sl] ntape 胶带；带子；磁带 [teip] n swing 荡；荡秋千[swiŋ] vdrill 钻头钻床 [dril] nbell 铃；门铃 [bel] nrope 绳子 [rəup] nname 名字 [neim] nnew 新的；新闻 [nju:] nmoney 钱；收入 ['m ʌ ni] n picture 图画；照片 ['pikt ʃə] n doll 玩具娃娃 [d ɔ l] nmap 地图 [mæp] nmodel plane 模型飞机model ship 模型轮船toy 玩具；玩物 [t ɔ i] nrug 小地毯 [r ʌ g] npuzzle 拼图板；猜谜 ['p ʌ zl] nbar 栅栏 [bɑ:] nstring 绳子；线[striŋ] ndiary 日记；日记簿 ['daiəri] nballoon 气球 [bə'lu:n] ntype 类型；样式；榜样 [taip] nexpression 表达；表现力；表情 [iks'preʃən] n project 方案；计划 [prə'd ʒ ekt] nriver 河流；巨量 ['rivə] nmountain 山；山脉 ['mauntin] nlight 灯；光；火花；眼神 ['lait] nlamp 灯 [læmp]n.robot 机器人 ['r ɔ bət] npool 池 [pu:l] nswimming-pool 游泳池ground 地面 [gra ʊ nd] nbasin 盆；脸盆 ['beisən] nchess 西洋棋 [t ʃ es] nbirthday 生日 ['bə:θdei] n-lake 湖 [leik] nway 路；路程 [wei] nletter 信 ['letə] nMatch 比赛；对手 [mæt ʃ ] n game 游戏 [ɡeim] nquestion 问题 ['kwest ʃən] n news 消息；新闻 [nju:z] nnest 鸟巢 [nest] nrace 比赛 [reis] nfun 乐趣；娱乐 [f ʌ n]group 组；小组 [gru:p] nskate 滑冰（鞋） [skeit] n hiking 徒步旅行['haikiŋ] n vshell 贝壳；果壳 [ ʃ el] n computer game 电脑游戏number 号； ['n ʌ mbə] nphoto 照片 ['fəutəu] nfront 前面；前部；正面 [fr ʌ nt] n pioneer 先锋 [,paiə'niə] n stream 河；溪 [stri:m] naviary 鸟巢禽舍 ['eiviəri] n stone 石头 [stəun] nhole 洞；孔眼 [həul] nrock 石头；磐石 [r ɔ k] nisland 岛；安全岛 ['ailənd] n hobby 爱好 ['h ɔ bi] ncomic book 漫画 ['k ɔ mik] [buk]noise 噪声 [n ɔ iz] nlife 生命；生活 [laif] npicture-book 图画书post card 明信片 [pə u st] [kɑ:d] n matter 事情；麻烦 ['mætə] ncomic 连环图画；喜剧的 ['k ɔ mik] n wave 浪；波浪 [weiv] nfire 火 [faiə] nfountain 喷水池；泉水 ['fauntin] n rubbish 垃圾；废话 ['r ʌ bi ʃ ] npen friend 笔友thing 东西；事情[θiŋ] ntop 顶部；头顶；山顶 [t ɔ p] nbottom 底部 ['bɔtəm]n.aquarium 水族馆；鱼缸 [ə'kw ɛəriəm] n way(= method) ['meθəd] 方法 ngoal 得分；守门员 [gəul] nscore 得分；起跑线；终点线 [sk ɔ :] n elf 小精灵；顽皮的孩子 [elf] npop 流行；流行音乐 [p ɔ p] ngrass 草；草坪 [grɑ:s] nlawn 草坪 [lɔ:n]n.painting 绘画['peintiŋ]n-picnic 野餐 ['piknik] nwing 翅膀[wiŋ] npond 水池；池塘 [p ɔ nd] n millimeter 毫米；公厘 ['mili,mi:tə] a shadow 影子；阴影 [' ʃ ædəu] n wood 木材 [wud]n.hay 干草 [hei] nlog 原木；木材 [l ɔ g] nroom 房间 [ru:m] nrule 规则 [ru:l] n植物 Plantplant 植物 [plɑ:nt]n.branch 树枝 [brɑ:nt ʃ ] nstalk 主茎 [st ɔ :k] nseed 种子 [si:d] n家用电器computer 计算机 [kəm'pju:tə] nTV 电视radio 收音机；电台 ['reidiəu] n乐器 Instrumentinstrument 乐器 ['instrumənt] violin 小提琴 [vaiə'lin] ndrum 鼓 [dr ʌ m] n交通 Traffictraffic 交通 ['træfik] n ocean 海洋 ['əu ʃən] nsale 打折销售；出售 [seil] n invitation 请帖 [,invi'tei ʃən] n flower 花 ['flauə] ntree 树 [tri:] ntrunk 树干；大皮箱 [tr ʌŋk] n sprout 苗；芽 [spraut] nsoil 土壤 [s ɔ il] nfan 扇子；电扇；螺旋桨 [fæn] n fridge 冰箱 [frid ʒ ] nvideo 录像机 ['vidiəu]n.triangle 三角铁['traiæŋgl] npiano 钢琴 [pi'ænəu] nrecorder 八孔直笛 [ri'k ɔ :də] n guitar 吉他 [gi'tɑ:] ntraffic light 红绿灯 [lait]traffic rule 交通规则 ru:l]traffic jam 塞车 [dʒæm]rolley-bus 无轨电车 ['tr ɔ lib ʌ s] n underground. 地铁 [' ʌ ndəgraund] n spaceship 宇宙飞船 ['speis ʃ ip] n bike 自行车 [baik]n.bicycle 自行车 ['baisikl]n.boat 小船 [bəut] nbus 公交车 [bʌs]n.-stop 停车站 [st ɔ p] nsign 指示牌；手势 [sain] aeroplane 飞机 [' ɛərəplein] n motorbike 摩托车 ['məutəbaik] n tram （有轨）电车 [træm] n plane 飞机 [plein] ncar 小汽车 [kɑ:] nship 轮船 [ʃip]n.bus stop 公共汽车站 [st ɔ p] ferry 摆渡 ['feri]n.lorry 卡车 ['l ɔ :ri] n一些形容词long 长的 [l ɔŋ] atall 高的 [t ɔ :l] ayoung 年轻的 [j ʌŋ] aold 年老的 [əuld] agood 好的 [ɡud] nbad 坏的 [bæd]n.right 对的 ; 右边的 [rait] a nfat 胖的；厚的 [fæt] athick 厚的 [θik]n.open 开；开阔的 ['əupən] v quiet 安静的 ['kwaiət] anoisy 嘈杂的 ['nɔizi]a.heavy 重的；沉重的 ['hevi] a wheel 轮子；车轮 [hwi:l] n engine 引擎；发动机 ['end ʒ in] n short 短的；矮的 [ ʃɔ :t] ahigh 高的 [hai] abig 大的 [biɡ] asmall 小的 [sm ɔ :l] aclean 清洁的 [kli:n] adirty 脏的 ['də:ti]n.wrong 错误的 [rɔŋ]n.left 左边的thin 瘦的；薄的[θin]n.strong 健壮的；坚固的 [str ɔŋ] a cold 寒冷的 [kəuld] ahot 热的 [hɔt]a.warm 暖和的 [w ɔ :m] acool 凉爽的 [ku:l] alate 晚的 [leit]a.close 近的 [kləuz]a.full 满的，饱的 [ful]a.thirsty 口渴的['θə:sti]a.excited 兴奋的 [ik'saitid] a bored 无聊的；烦人的 [b ɔ :d] a angry 生气的['æŋgri] ahard 硬的 [hɑ:d]a.low 轻声的，低的 [ləu]a.-early 早 , 早的 ['ə:li] afar 远的 [fɑ:] aempty 空的 ['empti] ahungry 饿的 ['hʌŋɡri]a.tired 疲劳的；累的 ['taiəd] a happy 高兴的 ['hæpi] asad 忧伤的；悲伤的 [sæd] a bright 明亮的；开朗的 [brait] a dark 黑暗的 ['dɑ:k]a.soft 柔软的 [s ɔ ft] aloud 响的 [laud] asweet 甜的；悦耳的 [swi:t] a bitter 苦的 ['bitə]a.dry 干的，干旱的 [drai] a brave 勇敢的 [breiv] nlarge 大的 [lɑ:d ʒ ] abig 大的 [biɡ]a.giant 巨人的，巨人 ['d ʒ aiənt] n blind 瞎的 [blaind] nround 圆的 [raund] ablunt 钝的 [bl ʌ nt] aclever 聪明的 ['klevə]wise 聪明的 [waiz]smart 聪明的young 年轻的 [jʌŋ]sour 酸的 ['sauə]a.salt 咸的 [sɔ:lt]a.wet 潮湿的 [wet]a.dear 亲爱的；可爱的 [diə] a small 小的 [smɔ:l]a.deaf 聋的 [def]a.dumb 哑的 [dʌm]busy 忙 ['bizi] asharp 锋利的 [ʃɑ:p]foolish 愚蠢的，傻的 ['fu:liʃ] stupid 愚蠢的 ['stju:pid]old 旧的，老的 [əuld] anew 新的 [nju:]nice 美好的 [nais]beautiful 漂亮的 ['bju:tiful] dangerous 危险的 ['deind ʒərəs] a safe 安全的 [seif]same 相同的 [seim] adifferent 不同的 ['difərənt] a favorite 特别喜爱 ['feivərit] a oral 口试 [' ɔ :rəl] nshiny 光亮的；闪耀的 [' ʃ aini] a healthy 健康的['helθi]a.slow 慢的 [sləu]a.quick 快的 [kwik]a.-ugly 丑的 [' ʌ gli] acheap 便宜的 [t ʃ i:p] adear 昂贵的；珍贵的 [diə] a asleep 睡着的 [ə'sli:p] aawake 醒着的 [ə'weik]rough 粗糙的 [r ʌ f] asmooth 光滑的 [smu:ð]sore 疼的 [s ɔ ] adaily 每日的；日常的 ['deili] a sure 当然；一定 [ ʃ uə] awell 健康的 [wel] aafraid 害怕的 [ə'freid] afast 快 [fɑ:st] alittle 少许；一点点；幼小 ['litl] a only 只有；仅仅 ['əunli] a much 大量的 [mʌtʃ]a.some 一些 [səm]a.fluffy 蓬松的 ['fl ʌ fi] a病痛 Illnesshurt 疼痛 [hə:t] n vhave a fever 发烧 [hæv] ['fi:və] have a headache 头疼 ['hedeik] 形状 Shapeshape 形状 [ʃeip]n.circle 圆 ['sə:kl]n. every 每个的 ['evri] astraight 成直线的 [streit] amany 大量的 [mʌtʃ]a.any 任何的，所有的 ['eni]a.sick 有病的 [sik] aill 生病的，坏的 [il]a.last 上一个的；仅余的；最后的 [lɑ:st] musical 音乐的 ['mju:zikəl] ahave a cold 感冒 [kəuld]have a toothache 牙疼['tu:θeik]have a stomachache 胃疼 ['stʌməkeik] have a sore throat 喉咙疼 [s ɔ:] [θrəut] oval 椭圆形 ['əuvəl]n.star 星 [stɑ:]n.triangle 三角形['traiæŋɡl]n.angle 角度，角['æŋɡl]n.date 日期 [deit] nseason 季节 ['si:zən]n.month 月 [m ʌnθ] nday 一天，白天 [dei]n.today 今天 [tə'dei] ntomorrow 明天 [tə'mɔrəu]n.the day after tomorrow 后天noon 中午 [nu:n]n.evening 傍晚；晚上['i:vniŋ] n-square 正方形[skwεə]n. rectangle 长方形['rek,tæŋɡl]n. 时间 Timetime 时间，次数 [taim]n.yaer 年 [jə:]n.week 周，星期 [wi:k]n.weekend 周末 ['wi:kend] n yesterday 昨天 ['jestədei]n.the day before yesterday 前天morning 早晨 ['m ɔ:niŋ] n afternoon 下午 [,ɑ:ftə:'nu:n]n. night 晚上 [nait]n.bright 明亮的 [brait] ahalf past eight 八点半past 过 [pɑ:st] vclock 钟 [kl ɔ k] no'clock 点钟 [ə' kl ɔ k] sometimes 有时候 [' sʌ mtaimz] ad usually 通常 ['ju:ʒuəli]ad.never 从不 ['nevə]ad.yet 已经，还 ; [jet]ad. 或 conj. now 现在 [nau]n.good morning! 早上好this afternoon 今天下午next Saturday 下个周六midnight 午夜 ['midnait]n.dark 黑暗（的） [dɑ:k] n 或 aa quarter to nine 八点四十五half 半 [hɑ:f] n adquarter 四分之一；一刻 ['kw ɔ :tə] n often 经常；常常 [' ɔ :fən] ad always 一直 ['ɔ:lweiz]ad.seldom 不常 ['seldəm]ad.ever 曾经 ['evə]ad.all the time 一直just now 刚才next week 下周last month 上个月once a week 每周一次once 一次 [w ʌ ns] adtouch 摸 [t ʌ t ʃ ] vsound 听 [saund]v.look 看，注意 [luk]vwatch 看，观看 [wɔtʃ]see 看见 [si:]vskate 滑冰 [skeit ] vstudy 学习；研究；学问 ['st ʌ di] n sweep 扫 [swi:p] vshow 展示；演出 [ ʃəu] npass 传递；经过；度过 [pɑ:s] v-right now 立刻一些动词taste 尝 [teist] vtsmell 嗅闻 [smel] vtfeel 感觉 ['fi:l]v.hear 听 [hiə]v.play 玩；演奏；表演 [plei] v n ski 滑雪 , 雪橇 [ski] nrow 划；划船 [rau] vwrite 写 [rait] vmop 擦；抹；拖 [m ɔ p] veat 吃 [i:t] vdrink 喝[driŋk]v.shine 照耀；发光 [ ʃ ain] vi dance 跳舞；舞蹈 ['dɑ:ns] v sing 唱；唱歌[siŋ] vjoin 参加 [d ʒɔ in] vhave 有 [hæv] vhas 有，第三人称单数 [hæz] v do 做 [du:] vcan 能够；可以；究竟 [kæn] want 要；想见；追捕 [w ɔ nt] v close 关；结账 [kləuz] vlet 让；出租 [let] vask 问；提问 [ɑ:sk] v Try 试；试一下 [trai] vwalk 走路；步行 [w ɔ :k] v take 拿；乘 [teik] vswim 游泳 [swim] vspeak 说 [spi:k] vguess 猜 [ɡes] vthank [θæŋk] v nplease 请 [pli:z] vgo 去 [ɡəu] vclean 把… 弄干净 [kli:n] v like 喜欢；愿意；希望 [laik] v think 想；认为[θiŋk] vgive 给；生产；出售 [ɡiv] v wait 等待 [weit] vpick 采；摘 [pik] vfight 打架 [fait] vclimb 往上爬 [klaim] vturn 转弯 [tə:n] vpeel 剥（皮） [pi:l] nshout 叫喊 [ ʃ aut] vsmoke 抽烟 [sməuk] vspell 拼；拼写 [spel] v show 出示 [ ʃəu] vtdraw 画 [dr ɔ :] vtell 告诉；吩咐 [tel] n-help 帮助；治疗 [help] v win 赢；获胜 [win] vsleep 睡觉 [sli:p] vneed 需要 [ni:d] vmean 意指 [mi:n] vtvisit 游览 ['vizit] vwear 穿；佩戴 [w ɛə] v hide 把…… 藏起来 [haid] vt rise 升起 [raiz] visit 坐 [sit] vread 读；察觉 [ri:d] vstop 停止 [st ɔ p] v nget 得到 [ɡet] nanswer 回答 ['ɑ:nsə] vwait 等 [weit] vuse 使用 [ju:z] vtbegin 开始 [bi'gin] welcome 欢迎 ['welkəm]fly 飞 [flai] vdig 挖 [dig] vsail 驾驶（船只） [seil] n live 居住；生活 [liv] v become 变成 [bi'k ʌ m] v cross 穿过度过 [kr ɔ :s] v plant 种植 [plɑ:nt] vt stand 站；站立 [stænd] vnod 点头 [n ɔ d] vtshake 摇动 [ʃeik]vsay 说 [sei] vwash 洗 [w ɔʃ ] vbuy 买 [bai]vget 到达 [get] vthrow 扔；转动（开关）[θrəu] v shake 摇；抖动 [ ʃ eik] nbake 烤；烘 [beik] vdrink 喝；饮；举杯祝贺[driŋk] vlay （ eggs ）下（蛋）；产卵 [lei] v cook 烹调；煮 [kuk] vcut 切；割；砍 k ʌ t] vfeed 喂养；饲养 [fi:d] vcount 数 [kaunt] v nroll 打滚；转动；晃动 [rəul] vjump 跳 [d ʒʌ mp] vrun 跑；行驶；运行；逃跑 [r ʌ n] n colour 给…… 颜色 ['k ʌ lə] vmake 做；制作；作出举动 [meik] v catch 赶上；抓住 [kæt ʃ ] v-blow 吹 [bləu] vt vichase 追赶 [t ʃ eis] vleave 离开 [li:v] vrest 休息 [rest] vhurry 匆忙；赶紧 ['h ʌ ri] vbring 带来；拿来[briŋ] vtcall 叫 [k ɔ :l] vride 骑；乘 [raid] vexercise 练习；运动 ['eksəsaiz] v一些单词and 和 [ænd] conj or 或；还是 [ ɔ :] conjhere 这儿 [hiə] ad n there 那儿[ðεə] adthis 这，这个 [ðis ] pron that 那，那个 [ðæt ] pronthese 这些 [ði:z] pron those 那些 [ðəuz] proncan 能，可以 [kæn] aux can't 不能 [k ɑ :nt]must 必须；应该 [m ʌ st] aux. may 可能 [mei] auxshould 应该 [ ʃ ud ] aux maybe 也许；可能 ['meibi] adboth 两 [bəuθ] pron all 全部；都；尽可能的 [ ɔ :l] ad pron nother 另外的 [' ʌ ðə] pron then 那么；然后 [ðen] ads o 这样；这么；所以 ['səu] ad t hankss orry 对不起 ['s ɔ ri] intstill 还；仍旧 [stil] adno 不；不是 [nəu] ad but 但是；而是；然而 [b ʌ t] conj because 因为 [bi'k ɔ z] conjhow 怎么；如何 [hau] adwhich 哪一个 [hwit ʃ ] advwhat 什么；（感叹）多少 [hw ɔ t] pron int when 什么时候 [(h)wen] advwhose 谁的 [hu:z] pron。

COMAC航空科技英语等级考试B1（技术类）样题Test Time：120 minutes部门_______________ 姓名____________ 工号____________Part I Listening （30%）Section 1 Conversation and Lecture（10%）Directions: In this section, you will hear a long conversation and a lecture. At the end of the conversation or the lecture, you will hear five questions. The conversation, the lecture and the questions will be spoken ONLY ONCE. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices.Conversation1. A) They get you directly to holiday destination.B) Their tickets can be bought on the internet.C) They offer excellent services to customers.D) They’re much cheaper than famous airlines.2. A) They have sprung up recently and become successful.B) They change prices on the basis of customers’ demand.C) They always offer travelers the extremely cheap flight.D) They do much advertising but few people ever watch it.3. A) By travelling before public holidays.B) By buying tickets a day in advance.C) By booking at the very last minute.D) By flying at peak time like Fridays.4. A) They try every possible means to reduce expenses.B) They charge different prices depending on demand.C) They don’t serve any food on any of their flights.D) They have increased the speed of their aero planes.5. A) They only offer cheap tickets online.B) They fail to offer satisfactory service.C) They spend little time on the ground.D) They fly to and from smaller airports.Lecture6. A) The 845m2 wing area is large enough to park 70 cars.B) The plane has the potential to carry 550 passengers.C) The tail is about as long as the Great Sphinx in Egypt.D) The two deck fuselage is as high as a 7-storey building.7. A) It is as economical to run as a common jet.B) It burns more fuel than other jumbo jets.C) It can fly an amazing 15,000 km non-stop.D) It can carry more fuel than other planes.8. A) Toulouse in France.B) England and Wales.C) All over the Europe.D) Spain and Germany.9. A) It is remarkably expensive.B) It is impressively efficient.C) It is a nation-wide project.D) It is extremely complicated.10.A) The expenses.B) The designing.C) The electronics.D) The cooperation.Section 2 Compound Dictation （10%）Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage TWICE. You have its script in the following, but with eleven blanks in it. You are required to fill in the first eight blanks with the exact words you have just heard. For last three blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Remember, there will be a pause for the last three blanks.Laurence Barron, President of Airbus China, defended the A380 superjumbo jet as its safety performance has been called into question.“The Qantas A380 suffered an (1) ______________ engine failure, a fairly rare event, which also damaged the aircraft itself. The aircraft performed as expected and (2) ______________ safely, so no, there is nothing wrong with the A380. It’s a (3) ______________ aircraft.”Barron also says the engine issue will not (4) ______________ next summer’s scheduled delivery of the A380 to China Southern Airlines, the only (5) ______________ carrier to purchase the plane.Meanwhile, Barron explains that the lack of orders for its A350 aircraft, which is under development, from Chinese carriers is due to the country’s (6) ______________ planning structure.“The Chinese government, as you are well aware, works on a 5-year-plan basis, and they are about to (7) ______________ the 12th 5-year-plan which runs from 2011 to 2015. The A350 deliveries that we can offer are now in the what will become the 13th 5-year-plan period.”Eric Chen, Airbus China‘s Vice President, adds that the Chinese carriers’timid (8) _____________ to the A350 is due to its competing product, Boeing’s 787.“Several years ago, Chinese airlines ordered more than 60 Boeing 787’s and for various reasons, airlines lack this kind of courage and determination to be a launching customer for a new program again. In other words, we are buying the bill for our rivals’ dilemma and consequences.”(9) __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________“I don’t really understand the world ‘challenge’. Our industry is challenging. There are lots of challenges but this is not a challenge, this is a competitor. (10) __________________________________________________________________________ Beverly Wyse, Vice President of Boeing’s 737 program, says Boeing is open to work with C919’s manufacturer.“I think (11) ______________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________”Four Chinese airlines and two aircraft leasing companies have signed agreements to purchase 100 C919’s as launching costumers.Section 3 Listening and translating （10%）Directions: In this section you are going to hear five short passages. You will hear them ONLY ONCE. In each of these passages some of the sentences are already printed. You are required to translate the missing parts into Chinese. After each of the passages there will be a pause lasting one anda half minutes. The pause is intended for you to do the translation.1)The ARJ21-700 jetliner, China’s first self-designed aircraft, willundertake its maiden flight before the end of the year. COMAC chairman, Zhang Qingwei says this first homegrown regional jet has aroused great interest from aviation companies at home and abroad.” I just came back from the United States and Canada.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.”2)Nine top tier US manufacturing companies won competitive contracts tobuild and supply the aviation system for China‘s new aircraft program, the C919. Airport infrastructure needs are filling opportunities in the US companies as well.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3)The Deputy Chief of the China’s Civic Aviation Administration, XiaXinghua, says more cooperation is crucial for the Chinese side. “Firstly, we need to strengthen our cooperation on sustainable security development, expanding the relationship in a pragmatic way.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________”4)The Transportation Secretary Ray LaHood said that the review would becomprehensive covering design, manufacturing and assembly of the Dreamliner. Michael Huerta of the Federal Aviation Administration saidemphasis would be put on electrical systems and how these and the plane’s sophisticated mechanical systems interact._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.5)Though the tricycle arrangement may be most popular today, that was notalways the case. The tail wheel undercarriage dominated aircraft design for the first four decades of flight and is still widely used on many small piston-engine planes. What makes this form of landing gear most attractive is its simplicity. Another potential advantage results from the fact that _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Part II Reading Comprehension（30%）Section 1 Skimming and Scanning (10%)Directions: In this section there are 10 incomplete statements. Based on the following passage, please complete the statements with the information given in the passage.Commercial aviation is an essential component of the global economy. The cost of aviation fuel is directly determined by the prevailing world price of oil, and it accounts for a major proportion of airplane operating costs. Several airline companies now add a fuel surcharge to the ticket cost of a commercial flight to compensate for the recent rapid rise in fuel costs. World oil prices are expected to remain high for several years. The prospect of sustained high aviation fuel prices could propel airline companies to seek alternative aviation fuels. Seeking alternative fuel could become paramount （最高的） for the airline industry should the peak-oil phenomenon actually occur.Breakthroughs and ResearchIt may become possible for super-cooled liquid hydrogen（氢）to eventually be used as an alternative fuel for some types of commercial airline service. Other alternative fuels may include high-density energy-storage technologies that result from breakthroughs in research in the areas of nanotechnology(纳米技术) and in high-temperature superconductivity(超导性). High-temperature superconductivity holds great promise for use in high-density energy-storage technology. Advances in nanotechnology could enable superconductive materials to eventually be manufactured at a cost that could justify their application in airliner propulsion.Electrical Storage and PropulsionEnergy stored in a superconductive storage technology could power electric motors that drive the identical propulsion fans that are found at the front-end of modern, “high-bypass” turbo-fan aircraft engines. Such fans provide up to 90% of the propulsive thrust of the turbo-fan engine. Each electrically powered propulsion fan may be driven by multiple (induction) lightweight electric motors during take-off. Some electric motors would “cut-out” under reduced power demand at cruising altitude so that the remaining motors will operate at higher efficiency (electric motors have poor part-load efficiency).Coanda fans may propel subsonic commercial aircraft that use high-density electrical storage technology. Such units were originally developed by physicist Henri Coanda and can operate at comparable efficiency and at comparable flight speeds as turbine-driven propulsion fans. Electrically powered aircraft that use either turbine propulsion fans or Coanda fans could be flown in thinner air at higher altitude (up to 65,000-feet) to reduce energy consumption (less drag on aircraft) on extended flights. The cooler air found at such altitudes could assist in keeping the superconductive energy storage systems functioning properly.Superconductive energy storage systems used in future commercial aircraft would likely be cooled by liquid nitrogen(氮). Both systems would need to be frequently recharged, which would likely be both energy-intensive as well as time consuming.It may be possible to design the energy storage systems along with their cooling systems to be removed and replaced during shorts layovers—such technology could help reduce the turn-around time of the aircraft. The introduction of superconductive energy storage systems in commercial aircraft in the long-term future would require that future airport terminals be equipped with power generation technology at or near the premises. Power GenerationThe number of electrically powered and hydrogen powered road and railway vehicles would likely increase during a post peak-oil period. Commuter aircraft that operate short-haul service could be powered by ethanol(乙醇) or by hydrogen while future supersonic aircraft could use liquid hydrogen as fuel. The commercial aviation industry of the future (post peak oil) could likely require vast amounts of electric power to recharge superconductive energy storage systems, recharge liquid nitrogen cooling systems as well as to generate, compress and supercool large amounts of hydrogen.Modern commercial aircraft are energy intensive during take-off. Airports that serve metropolitan areas presently process continual processions of large long-distance aircraft during peak periods. Such aircraft could require between 300-Mw-hr and 1000-Mw-hr of power to undertake trans-oceanic flights at subsonic speed. The power requirements of a future electrically based commercial aviation industry could likely overwhelm thepower generation industry of most developed nations.Major international airports may eventually need to generate electric power on-site to meet the energy needs of future fleets of electrically powered and hydrogen-fueled commercial aircraft. Airport power stations may be nuclear; use hydrogen fusion or be based on some other unconventional power generation technology that is still subject to research.Energy StorageThe ability to store large amounts of energy at or near major airports could gain importance during a post peak-oil period. Electric power could be purchased from the grid during their off-peak periods and put into short-term storage. Airport power stations that encounter off-peak periods could replenish(装满) airport energy storage systems that may include superconductive storage, flow batteries, hydraulic storage in hydroelectric dams in nearby mountains (coastal airports) or off-site pneumatic storage (subterranean salt domes that were emptied). Air that is exhausted from pneumatic storage systems may be sufficiently cold to assist in “replenishing” liquid nitrogen super-cooling systems.Power Regulation (Airports)Power stations that provide energy for air transportation use may have to be excluded from the regulatory framework. Most of the electrically powered airliners that will be recharged would be “foreign” owned, thatis, the owners would be domiciled in a different jurisdiction(司法权) to where the aircraft would be recharged. The idea of regulators in one jurisdiction looking after the interests of parties who live, do business and pay taxes in another jurisdiction is quite ludicrous. Power stations that supply a future airline industry with electric power would need to be regulatory-free despite the “foreign” airline owners being “captive”customers. It would be possible for power to be supplied to a single airport by several small providers who compete against each other. Power providers and airline companies could negotiate deals, perhaps even on a daily basis. ConclusionFuture scientific breakthroughs are likely to occur in both nanotechnology and in superconductivity. High-density energy storage technologies could be the likely result and appear in the distant future. Electrically powered commercial aircraft that fly at subsonic speeds could appear in the future irrespective of whether or not peak-oil actually occurs. Alternative liquid fuels that are cost-competitive to fossil oil are also likely to appear and find applications in aviation. Large ground-effect aircraft（地效飞行器） that fly above water and that carry either passengers or freight between coastal cities are also likely appear in the future. 1.The prospect of sustained high aviation fuel prices could propel airlinecompanies to seek _______________________.2.Breakthroughs in nanotechnology could enable _______________________ tobe available in their application in airliner propulsion.3.Coanda fans were first developed by _______________________ .4._______________________ could be used to cool superconductive energystorage system used in future commercial aircraft.5._______________________, which operates short-haul service, could bepowered by ethanol(乙醇) or by hydrogen.6.Future airport power stations may be_______________________; use hydrogenfusion or be based on some other unconventional power generation technology.7.During a post peak-oil period, the ability to_______________________ ator near major airports could gain importance.8.Power stations that provide energy for air transportation use are likelyto be _______________________ from the regulatory framework.9.Electrically powered commercial aircraft that fly at_______________________ speeds could appear in the future.10.Aircrafts flying above water and carrying either passengers or freightbetween coastal cities are called _______________________.Section 2 Reading Comprehension (10%)Directions: The following passage is followed by some questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should choose the best answer from the four choices.Living standards have soared during the twentieth century, and economists expect them to continue rising in the decades ahead. Does that mean that we humans can look forward to increasing Happiness?Not necessarily, warns Richard A. Easterlin, an economist at the University of Southern California, in his new book, Growth Triumphant: The Twenty-first Century in Historical Perspective. Easterlin concedes that richer people are more likely to report themselves as being happy than poorer people are. But steady improvements in the American economy have not been accompanied by steady increases in people’s self-assessments of their own Happiness.The explanation for this paradox(悖论) may be that people become less satisfied over time with a given level of income. In Easterlin’s word: “As incomes rise, the aspiration level does too, and the effect of this increase in aspirations is to vitiate (破坏) the expected growth in Happiness due to higher income.”Money can buy Happiness, Easterlin seems to be saying, but only if one’s amounts get bigger and other people aren’t getting more. His analysis helps to explain sociologist Lee Rainwater’s finding that Americans’perception of the income “necessary to get along” rose between 1950 and 1986 in the same proportion as actual per capita income. We feel rich if we have more than our neighbors, poor if we have less, and feeling relatively well-off is equated with being happy.Easterlin’s findings, challenge psychologist Abraham Maslow’s “hierarchy(等级) of wants”as a reliable guide to future human motivation. Maslow suggested that as people’s basic material wants are satisfied they seek to achieve nonmaterial or spiritual goals. But Easterlin’s evidence points to the persistence of materialism.“Despite a general level of affluence never before realized in the history of the world.”Easterlin observes, “Material concerns in the wealthiest nations today are as pressing as ever and the pursuit of material need as intense.”The evidence suggests there is no evolution toward higher order goals. Rather, each step upward on the ladder of economic development merely stimulates new economic desires that lead the chase ever onward.Needs are limited, but not greeds. Science has developed no cure for envy, so our wealth boosts our Happiness only briefly while shrinking that of our neighbors. Thus the outlook for the future is gloomy in Easterlin’s view.“The triumph of economic growth is not a triumph of humanity over material wants; rather, it is the triumph of material wants over humanity.”1. What does Easterlin warn in his new book?A)Humans can look forward to increasing happiness with soaring livingstandards.B)Humans might not be able to enjoy increasing happiness with soaringliving standards.C)Richer people tend to report themselves as being happy more than poorerpeople do.D)Richer people tend to report themselves as being happy less than poorerpeople do.2.Which of the following statements may account for the paradox(悖论)mentioned in paragraph 3?A)People become less satisfied though the income rises over time.B)A general level of affluence never before realized in the history ofthe world.C)Though the American economy improved steadily, there isn’t a steadyincrease in people’s self-assessments of their own happiness.D)As incomes rise, there will be an increase in the aspiration level,which will hamper the expected growth in Happiness due to higher income.3.Whose finding is against the theory of “Hierarchy of wants”?A)Easterlin’s B) Maslow’s C) Rainwater’s D) Lee’s4.According to Easterlin, the outlook of the future of happiness is ________.A)bright B) sad C) unclear D) thrilling5.From the quotation in the end of the passage (paragraph 7), we can inferthat ___________?A)The triumph of economic growth results in more humanity.B)The triumph of economic growth results in more material wants.C)Humanity contributes more to the triumph of economic growth.D)Material wants contributes more to the triumph of economic growth. Section 3 Short Answer Questions (10%)Directions: Read the following passage and then answer the questions. The answer should not be more than 25 words.The maximum allowable weight for an aircraft is determined by design considerations. However, the maximum operational weight may be less than themaximum allowable weight due to such considerations as high-density altitude or high-drag field conditions caused by wet grass or water on the runway. The maximum operational weight may also be limited by the departure or arrival airport’s runway length.One important preflight consideration is the distribution of the load in the aircraft. Loading the aircraft so the gross weight is less than the maximum allowable is not enough. This weight must be distributed to keep the center of gravity (CG) within the limits specified in the POH or AFM.If the CG is too far forward, a heavy passenger can be moved to one of the rear seats or baggage can be shifted to a rear compartment. If the CG is too far aft, passenger weight or baggage can be shifted forward. The fuel load should be balanced laterally: the pilot should pay special attention to the POH or AFM regarding the operation of the fuel system, in order to keep the aircraft balanced in flight. Weight and balance of a helicopter is far more critical than for an airplane. With some helicopters, they may be properly loaded for takeoff, but near the end of a long flight when the fuel tanks are almost empty, the CG may have shifted enough for the helicopter to be out of balance laterally or longitudinally. Before making any long flight, the CG with the fuel available for landing must be checked to ensure it will be within the allowable range.Changes of fixed equipment may have a major effect upon the weight of the aircraft. The replacement of older, heavy electronic equipment with newer, lighter types results in a weight reduction, which will probably cause the CG to shift and must be computed and annotated in the weight and balance record.Repairs and alteration are the major sources of weight changes. The A&P mechanic must compute the CG and record the new empty weight and EWCG in the aircraft weight and balance record.The A&P mechanic or repairman conducting an annual or condition inspection must ensure the weight and balance data in the aircraft records is current and accurate. It is the responsibility of the pilot in command to use the most current weight and balance data when operating the aircraft. Questions:1.What conditions might cause the operational weight of a plane to be lessthan the maximum allowable weight?2.What should be done if the CG is too far aft in an aircraft?3.Why is the weight and balance for a helicopter far more critical than foran airplane?4.According to the passage, what might lead to weight changes and cause theCG to shift in an aircraft?5.Who are responsible for recording and using the most current and accuratedata of the weight and balance?Part III Translation (15%)Section 1 English-Chinese Translation (10%)Direction: In this section there are two passages in English. Please read these passages and translate the underlined parts into Chinese.Passage 1The airplane propeller consists of two or more blades and a central hub to which the blades are attached. 1) Each blade of an airplane propeller is essentially a rotating wing. As a result of their construction, the propeller blades are like airfoils and produce forces that create the thrust to pull, or push, the airplane through the air.The power needed to rotate the propeller blades is furnished by the engine. The engine rotates the airfoils of the blades through the air at high speeds, and the propeller transforms the rotary power of the engine into forward thrust.2) An airplane moving through the air creates a drag force opposing itsforward motion. Consequently, if an airplane is to fly, there must be a force applied to it that is equal to the drag, but acting forward. This force is called “thrust.”Passage 2Aircraft flight control systems are classified as primary and secondary.3) The primary control systems consist of those that are required to safely control an airplane during flight. Secondary control systems improve the performance characteristics of the airplane, or relieve the pilot of excessive control forces. Those included in the primary control systems are the ailerons, elevator (or stabilator), and rudder. Examples of secondary control systems are wing flaps and trim systems.Airplane control systems are carefully designed to provide a natural feel, and at the same time, allow adequate responsiveness to control inputs. 4) At low airspeeds, the controls usually feel soft and sluggish, and the airplane responds slowly to control applications. At high speeds, the controls feel firm and the response is more rapid.Movement of any of the three primary flight control surfaces changes the airflow and pressure distribution over and around the airfoil. These changes affect the lift and drag produced by the airfoil/control surface combination, and allow a pilot to control the airplane about its three axes of rotation.Design features limit the amount of deflection of flight control surfaces. For example, control-stop mechanisms may be incorporated into the flight controls, or movement of the control column and/or rudder pedals may be limited. The purpose of these design limits is to prevent the pilot from inadvertently overcontrolling and overstressing the aircraft during normal maneuvers.5) A properly designed airplane should be stable and easily controlled during maneuvering. Control surface inputs cause movement about the three axes of rotation. The types of stability an airplane exhibits also relate to the three axes of rotation.Section 2 Chinese-English Translation (5%)Direction: In this section there are five sentences in Chinese. Please translate them into English.1.太阳能动力飞机的平均飞行时速为70公里，暂时不会对商用飞机构成威胁。

世界最⼤的英⽂翻译 想知道世界上最⼤的英⽂翻译是什么吗，接下来我们⼀起来看看吧。

世界最⼤的 world's largest 接下来我们来看⼀看例句吧 它以经成为了全世界最⼤的珍珠⽣产中⼼之⼀。

It has become one of the largest pearl-producing hubs in the world. 这就是为什么今年中国会成为全世界最⼤的讲英语的国家。

That's why this year China will become the world's largest English speaking country.英国⽯油(BP)是英国最⼤的公司之⼀，也是世界最⼤的⽯油和⽯化集团之⼀。

BP is one of Britain's biggest companies and one of the world's largest oil andpetrochemicals groups.中国已经成为了世界最⼤的⼤⾖进⼝国，进⼝量占到了全球⼤⾖贸易量的60%。

China has become the world's largest soybean importer, buying about 60% of theglobally traded soybeans. 中国正在和印度竞争以成为世界最⼤的钻⽯加⼯中⼼。

China is competing to displace India as the world's largest diamond processingcentre. 于是他们修建了全世界最⼤的厕所。

That's when they built the world's largest toilet. 美国，这个世界最⼤的消费者，也是世界最⼤的污染者。

America, the world's biggest consumer, is the world's biggest polluter. 我们不仅是两个全世界最⼤的两个经济体我们还是两个太平洋⼤国。

China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) is an integrated international energy company. Based in China, we have oil and gas assets and interests in 30 countries in Africa, Central Asia-Russia, South America, the Middle East and the Asia-Pacific.CNPC is China's largest oil and gas producer and supplier, as well as one of the world's major oilfield service providers and a globally reputed contractor in engineering construction, with businesses covering petroleum exploration & production, natural gas & pipelines, refining & marketing, oilfield services, engineering construction, petroleum equipment manufacturing and new energy development, as well as capital management, finance and insurance services.Crude output: 2.75 million barrels/dayNatural gas output: 7.22 billion cubic feet/dayCrude oil production: 54.4% of the nation's totalNatural gas production: 82.3% of the nation's totalCrude runs: 2.70 million barrels/dayDomestic service stations: 17,262（Data as of December 31, 2009）.Domestic pipelines: 50,652 kilometers, including 13,189 kilometers for crude oil (nearly 70% of the nation's total), 28,595 kilometers for natural gas (nearly 90% of the nation's total) and 8,868 kilometers for refined products (nearly 50% of the nation's total)Providing oilfield services and engineering construction in 49 countries around the world.To be a world-leading integrated international energy company with the general business portfolio of an international energy corporation and the characteristics of China's national energy corporation.Our Mission：Caring for Energy, Caring for You；Energize • Harmonize • RealizeChina National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) is committed to "Caring for Energy, Caring for You". We strive for harmonious relationships between operations and safety, energy and the environment, corporate and community interests, and employers and employees.Our Values and Operating Principles：Dynamic, loyal, honest, committed；Achieving excellence through innovation and integrityOur StrategyIncreasing resourcesEndeavoring to maximize and diversify oil and gas resources, ensuring an orderly replacement of reserves, and maintaining the domestic leadership of our upstream business.Expanding marketTaking full advantage of economies of scale and the integration of upstream and downstream operations to seek a dominant position in the market and maximize profits.Seeking a greater international roleFocusing on oil and gas business, being active and prudent in enhancing international cooperation, strengthening capital operations, and expanding international oil and gas trading in a mutually beneficial way.Our Goal: To build an integrated international energy corporationFocusing on oil and gas business supplemented by oilfield engineering and technical services, integrating upstream and downstream operations, developing our domestic and overseas businesses in a coordinated way and promoting the orderly development of new energy.CNPC's Logo and Brand1. The History of Our LogoCNPC's logo embodies our commitment to ensuring harmony between the development of energy and the environment. The flower-shaped logo's colors are those of China's national flag, with its ten petals representing our core businesses. The solid red base illustrates CNPC's strength and cohesion as a state-owned enterprise, while the rising sun highlights our brilliant future.The acronym "CNPC" has a history of more than 20 years. Our flower-shaped logo and its two-color combination (red and yellow) make the CNPC brand stand out and greatly enhance our company's popularity cognition degree. The logo represents not only the quality of our products and services, but also our professional service capabilities and values.As our core brand, CNPC represents what we do and what we expect to achieve in the future.2. Our Core BrandCNPC is our main global brand, which exists on our oil production platforms, refineries, equipment manufacturing products and in the offices of the company, as well as on our lubricating oil products and service stations.The acronym CNPC first appeared in public in 1998 and, thanks to our quality products and good service, the brand has become well known to millions of customers.Harmony is part of our brand values, as well as the way in which we manage our company's relationships with society, our employees and our customers. We strive to realize harmonious development in all respects through our hard work, broad vision and creativity. In fact, this value has already been integrated into the company's business operations. In addition to harmony, our brand values also include honesty, innovation, performance and safety.3. KunlunCNPC launched the "Kunlun" petrochemical products brand in 2001, with "caring" as its core value, which has strengthened interaction and communication between CNPC and its consumers. The values of the brand are "caring for your machines, caring for our consumers, caring for nature and caring for our employees".China National Petroleum Corporation and PetroChina Company Limited registered "Kunlun "(Chinese characters) and "Kunlun" text and graphics trademarks respectively in different categories and services, and also registered them with the following organizations and conventions: World Intellectual Property Organization, Intellectual Property Department of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China, Myanmar trademark owner affidavit, etc.History of the Kunlun BrandIn August 2001, the Kunlun brand first appeared as a lubricating product, just one of a number of reliable lubricating product brands offered by CNPC.In September 2003, Kunlun took the lead in the medium- and high-end lubricant markets in China, and then the company positioned the "Kunlun" brand's core value as "caring".In February 2005, CNPC integrated its competitive lubricant and petrochemical brands and launched the new "Kunlun" brand, making it synonymous with CNPC's high-end lubricants and chemical products. Kunlun became one of the top five lubricants in terms of global market share. CNPC EQUIPMENT"CNPC EQUIPMENT" brand was officially launched on September 28, 2009. As an endorsed brand, it will be tied to the original registered trademarks of authorized equipment products.The values of the brand are "Strive for excellence, Serve the energy industry". We, focusing on quality and customer's satisfaction, with market as orientation and technology as breakthrough, are committed to enhance the strength and value of CNPC manufacturing business. We endeavor tostrengthen technological innovation, promote industrial upgrade, speed up the change of growth mode, continuously increase competitiveness and build an integrated brand of CNPC equipment. HistoryThe predecessor of CNPC was the Ministry of Petroleum Industry of the People's Republic of China, which was founded in July 1955, supervising the exploration and development of oil and gas resources in China.China National Petroleum CorporationChina National Petroleum Corporation was established on September 17, 1988 on the basis of the Ministry of Petroleum Industry, mainly in charge of oil and gas upstream operations. It is a state oil company endowed with certain governmental administrative functions.China National Petroleum Corporation (Group)On July 27, 1998, China National Petroleum Corporation was reorganized to become an integrated group with businesses covering oil and gas upstream and downstream operations, as well as oilfield services and engineering construction.PetroChina was established under the Company Law and the Special Regulations on the Overseas Offering and Listing of Shares by Joint Stock Limited Companies on November 5, 1999. The American Depositary Shares (ADS) and H shares of PetroChina were listed on the New York Stock Exchange on April 6, 2000 (stock code: PTR) and the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited on April 7, 2000 (stock code: 857) respectively. It was listed on Shanghai Stock Exchange on November 5, 2007 (stock code: 601857). By the end of 2007, China National Petroleum Corporation possessed 86.29% of PetroChina shares.CNPC's major refined products include gasoline, kerosene, diesel, lube oil, chemical light oil, fuel oil, solvent oil, paraffin, bitumen, petroleum coke and LPG.FuelGasolineWe offer automobile gasoline, automobile alcohol fuel and aviation gasoline. Automobile gasoline covers the 90#, 93#, 95#, 97# and 98# grades. Our increasing investment in scientific research and the continuous improvement of our refining technologies enable us to offer high-grade and clean automobile gasoline products.DieselDiesel generally fuels compression-ignition engines in trucks, tractors, diesel locomotives and ships. CNPC's service stations typically supply diesoline covering six grades. In the descending order of their freezing point, these grades are: 10#, 0#, -10#, -20#, -35#, and -50#.KeroseneOur kerosene products mainly include lamp oil and 3# aviation jet fuel which meet corresponding technical requirements. Our standard for 3# aviation jet fuel is defined according to the quality standards of kerosene-type jet fuel such as JetA-1 and JP-8 of the US, DERD2494 of the UK, and the standard of the IATA (International Air Transport Association).LPG: CNPC has LPG service stations in major Chinese cities providing LPG for automobiles, as well as heating, domestic and commercial applications.ParaffinCNPC produces different paraffin products from its abundant resources. Its crude oil from the Daqing and Shenbei oilfields is world-renowned high paraffin-content oil that has a paraffincontent of 25% and 42% respectively. This unique, scarce resource of high-paraffin-base crude gives CNPC great advantages in the production of quality paraffin products. CNPC has the only high-pressure paraffin hydrofining unit in China. Designed to run at a pressure as high as 18Mpa, this unit can produce food-grade paraffin products and high-melting-point paraffin products. Our fully refined paraffin meets the non-toxicity and benzene requirements of many countries, and is the only paraffin product exempted from FDA inspection before its entry to the American market. Lube oilWe produce Kunlun brand lube oil and grease using premium base oil. Our flagship products include the Tianrun, Tianlai, Tianxie, Tianwei, Tianhong, Tianli and Tiansheng series, satisfying market demand for high-grade car lubricants, motorcycle lubricants and diesel engine oils. With the base oil hydrocracking technique, we produce lube products that are more environmentally friendly. Kunlun lube has been designated for the assembly and service of Deutz, a German manufacturer of top-class heavy-duty diesel engines. Maersk Sealand has three global lubricant suppliers, of which CNPC is the only one from China.1. Car Lubricants2. Lubricants for Medium and High-grade Commercial Vehicles3. Lubricants for Heavy-duty Commercial Vehicles4. Medium-grade and Normal Commercial Vehicle Lubricants5. Lubricants for Engineering Machinery6. Elevator Oil7. Motorcycle OilBitumenCNPC is one of the most important bitumen product suppliers in China and produces Kunlun brand premium bitumen products. Suitable crude oil is crucial for quality bitumen production. Our bitumen products made from heavy oil from the Xinjiang and Liaohe oilfields have excellent thermal stability, low-temperature extensibility, cohesiveness and low paraffin content. They are widely used in expressways, urban roads, airport runways, autodromes, bridge pavements and hydraulic engineering. Our base bitumen for airports is a special product that allows for onsite polymer modification. Assessment of its application at ten airports including Xining Airport, Yan'an Airport and Qingdao Liuting International Airport has indicated that Kunlun airport runway pavement bitumen demonstrates excellent resistance to rolling at high temperatures and cracking at low temperatures, perfect aging resistance and resistance to permanent deformation, as well as good storage stability and compliance with all special technical specifications for bitumen runway pavements. CNPC's major bitumen products include 70#, 90#, and 110# heavy-duty road bitumen, 100# and 140# road bitumen, 10# building bitumen and SBS modified bitumen.。

China Fact Sheet | August 2011China Fact SheetHighlights of OperationsChevron has expanded operations in China with a wide range of businesses—from exploration and production to the marketing of fuels and lubricants. In addition, we contribute to the development of people and technology.Chevron has a production-sharing contract with China National Petroleum Corporation for the joint development of the Chuandongbei natural gas area in Sichuan Basin in central China. Chevron also works with partners to develop offshore energy resources in the South China Sea and in Bohai Bay. In 2010, we obtained interests in three deepwater exploration blocks in the South China Sea.Our Caltex™ brand has become a well-established marketer of gasoline and lubricant products in China.Our joint venture Chevron Phillips Chemical Co LLC and its affiliates (CPChem) operate a plant in Zhangjiagang and also hold an interest in a facility in Jinshanwei.We support social and educational programs in the communities where we work.Business PortfolioExploration and ProductionChevron has interests in four operated and four nonoperated production-sharing contracts in China. Total average daily production in 2010 from the company's interests in China was 86,000 barrels of crude oil and condensate (18,000 net) and 46 million cubic feet of natural gas (13 million net).Major Development at ChuandongbeiChevron operates the 487,000-acre (1,969-sq-km) Chuandongbei natural gas area in the onshore Sichuan Basin. We have a 49 percent interest in the project. At an estimated cost of $5 billion, Chuandongbei is one of the large capital projects Chevron is developing in 2011. Plans call for two sour-gas processing plants with a combined capacity of 740 million cubic feet per day connected to five natural gas fields. Sour gas is natural gas containing hydrogen sulfide. It typically is processed into gas that meets customer specifications, natural gas liquids and elemental sulfur. Elemental sulfur can be used in fertilizer and other products.In 2010, Chevron began construction of the project's first natural gas purification plant and started development of the Luojiazhai and Gunziping gas fields. An exploration well is planned to begin by the third quarter of 2011.Construction of a second natural gas purification plant and gathering system in the northern part of the concession is planned to begin in the third quarter of 2011.The first phase of the project is expected to begin production in 2012, with planned maximum total natural gas production of 558 million cubic feet per day upon completion.Moving Into Deep Water in the South China SeaOur work is expanding in China. In September 2010, Chevron acquired operated interests in three deepwater blocks in the South China Sea that cover approximately 5.2 million acres (21,000 sq km). The company has a 100 percent interest in Block 53-30 and Block 64-18 and a 59.2 percent interest in Block 42-05, under separate production-sharing contracts for each block.In the fourth quarter of 2010, work started on a 3-D seismic acquisition program. An exploration well and an environmental impact study are planned for 2011.Strong Partnerships OffshoreChevron works in the Pearl River Mouth Basin area of the South China Sea with China National Offshore Oil Corp. (CNOOC) and ENI in the CACT Operators Group.Under the CACT partnership, Chevron has a 32.7 percent nonoperated working interest in offshore Blocks 16/08 and 16/19, which comprise 12 oil fields, including the HZ 25-3 and HZ 25-1 fields. First production was reported in March 2010.In Bohai Bay, the company holds a 16.2 percent interest in Block 11/19, which is operated by CNOOC.Also in Bohai Bay, Chevron has a 24.5 percent working interest in the QHD 32-6 oil field, which was the first CNOOC-operated development involving foreign participation.Marketing and RetailThere are more than 80 Caltex™ service stations in China, including in the Hong Kong and Macau Special Administrative regions. We also expanded our network of retail outlets, mainly in Guangdong province. The stations, operated by Caltex South China Investment Ltd., are equipped with retail convenience stores.Our Caltex lubricants business has sales and marketing, manufacturing, and distribution operations throughout the country, including in key markets such as Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Chengdu, Tianjin and Hong Kong. We also sell and distribute our products in central China through a joint venture in Shanghai.In 2010, we increased lubricants sales nationwide by more than 25 percent over the previous year by expanding our distributor network and forging new relationships with Chinese and international original equipment manufacturers. Caltex Havoline® and Delo® engine oils and coolants are among the best-selling lubricants and specialty products in their class and are widely used as factory fill and after-market products by automotive and original equipment manufacturers.Chevron Global Aviation is one of the major jet fuel suppliers at Hong Kong International Airport. We also sell jet fuel to airlines that use Macau International Airport.Chevron Phillips Chemical Co LLC and its affiliates (CPChem), which is 50 percent-owned by Chevron, operates a polystyrene plant in Zhangjiagang that is capable of producing 100,000 metric tons per year of polystyrene, used for plastic consumer products.CPChem also has a 40 percent interest in Shanghai Golden Petrochemical Co. Ltd., a high-density polyethylene (HDPE) plant in Shanghai. HDPE is used in food and beverage containers, plastic pipe, merchandise bags, and milk jugs, among other things.In addition, CPChem sells styrene monomer, a raw material used in the manufacture of packaging, automotive parts, electronics, rubber products, paper, housewares, construction materials, carpeting and toys.Chevron Oronite maintains an office in Beijing to handle the sales of lubricants and fuel additives to national and international oil companies as well as to local lubricants blenders. The company provides products for marine, automotive, industrial and specialty uses.In the CommunityEarning the respect of the communities where we work is vital to Chevron's goal of being admired for people, performance and partnership. We support educational, environmental, health and other social programs in China and provide grants to nonprofit organizations that meet local needs.EducationWorking through the Spring Bud program managed by the China Children and Teenagers Fund, Chevron supports a program that enables young women from low-income areas to continue their education. In recent years, Spring Bud has helped several hundred students in Sichuan, Hebei, Xinjiang and Shanxi.Chevron's Caltex business supports programs that benefit needy children and families. In Hong Kong, Caltex provides a wide range of activities through Caltex Project Chance. These efforts broaden the learning opportunities for children living in poverty.Caltex Project Chance also helps improve the social and emotional development of needy families. The program promotes better parent-child relationships and improved health and physical well-being for the children. The program also links families with community support groups.EnvironmentIn China, Chevron is a key sponsor of the Jane Goodall Institute and supports the Roots & Shoots program, which organizes out-of-school classes and other environmental and animal protection activities. In 2010, Chevron sponsored Dr. Jane Goodall's tour of China. Goodall gave public lectures and traveled with a photo exhibition of her 50 years of research on chimpanzees in the Gombe National Park in Tanzania.Serious water shortages affect people living in China's arid western region. Chevron is a partner with China Women's Development Foundation in a project that creates water cellars and provides drinking water for farmers. In the past few years, Chevron donations have benefited more than 500 families in western China.HealthSince 1997, Chevron has supported Operation Smile, which provides free surgeries to correct facial deformities for children living in disadvantaged regions throughout China. In November 2010, Chevron's participation helped 63 children from Kai County in the Chuandongbei project area receive treatment.Chevron supports an HIV public awareness program run by Red Cross China. The program aims to reduce discrimination toward people living with HIV, prevent the spread of the disease and provide care for people living with HIV. In April 2010, a one-year program was launched in Chengdu, Sichuan, to educate more than 10,000 college students, migrant workers and residents about AIDS.Disaster ReliefChevron also provides timely assistance when natural disasters occur. After the Sichuan earthquake in May 2008, we donated more than $2 million for immediate relief efforts, which included recovery and reconstruction projects.Record of AchievementChevron first entered China in 1904, when it began selling kerosene for lamps and home heating. In the 1920s, we opened service stations and sales outlets in major Chinese cities, and during the late 1930s, we began marketing petroleum products under the Caltex™ brand.In 1979, Chevron was one of the first Western companies to reenter China. Chevron became a partner in one of China's first offshore oil production projects, in the Pearl River Mouth Basin of the South China Sea. Discovered in 1985, the Huizhou oil fields began production in 1990.In 2007, the company signed a 30-year production-sharing contract with China National Petroleum Corporation for the joint development of the Chuandongbei natural gas field in central China.Chevron participates as a one-sixth owner of the Australian North West Shelf Venture liquefied natural gas (LNG) project, which won the right to provide natural gas to China's first-ever LNG supply contract. In 2006, the Chevron-operated Northern Swan LNG carrier made the first North West Shelf deliveries to China's first LNG facility, in Guangdong province.Through our joint venture Chevron Phillips Chemical Co LLC and its affiliates (CPChem), we built a $90 million polystyrene plant in Zhangjiagang City, Jiangsu province, in 2000. Polystyrene is used to make plastic dinnerware, CD cases, insulation and foam drink cups, among other things.Development ProgramsChevron provides the local Chinese workforce with many learning and development opportunities. Courses cover subjects ranging from management and leadership training to communication skills and petroleum industry primers.Chevron launched a career development program in 2008 in China. Ten positions were made available to university master's degree graduates in the first two years. As of early 2011, another five positions were expected to be offered to Chinese graduates with backgrounds in petroleum studies.Chevron also extends development programs to our joint-venture partners. For example, new employees entering the CACT Operators Group are given hands-on training in order to work effectively and safely. We frequently use employee exchanges to share technology and skills with our Chinese partners. In 2009, 18 field operators from PetroChina received three months of training on how to work safely with advanced equipment that will be used in sour-gas production. The training was provided at Chevron's Employee Resource Training Center in Lafayette, Louisiana.In 1985, Chevron began licensing our proprietary Vacuum Residue Desulfurization technology to Sinopec Qilu Petrochemicals in Shandong province. The technology is used to reduce sulfur content in fuel. This was followed by a hydroprocessing technology license to Sinopec Qilu. Chevron's hydroprocessing technology helps refiners improve the quality and increase the quantity of their base oil production.Awards and RecognitionIn August 2010, Chevron and our partners in Bohai Bay received two awards from the Chinese government. The National Auditing Agency recognized the joint venture for compliance with auditing, business ethics and anticorruption efforts. The second award was from the Chinese Environmental Protection Agency for replacing a crude-burning generator with a gas turbine generator. Gas that was previously flared generated power and saved more than 100 barrels of oil per day from being burned.Several publications and their readers presented Caltex with many honors in 2010.•Reader's Digest recognized Caltex stations for the best service for the 10th straight year.•Hong Kong's Next Magazine gave Caltex the Top Service Award for the fourth year in a row.•Sing Tao Daily News gave Caltex the Diamond Service Brand Award.•Hong Kong's Car and Driver magazine honored Caltex with its Best Service Award.The company was also recognized in 2010 by the Hong Kong Council of Social Service, a group comprising 370 nongovernmental organizations. For the fifth year running, Chevron received the Caring Company Award for our sponsorship of Project Chance, a program organized by the Boys and Girls Clubs Association of Hong Kong.Contact UsChevron UpstreamJun LinUnit 1601, China World TowerNo. 1 Jian Guo Men Wai Ave.Beijing 100004People's Republic of ChinaTelephone: +86.10.8590.5500junlin@Chevron DownstreamChevron Public Affairs TeamChevron Downstream China/Hong Kong15/F, Tower B, Manulife Financial Centre,223-231 Wai Yip St.,Kwun Tong, Kowloon,Hong Kong, SARTelephone: +85.2.2802.8338Email: pgpa.hongkong@Updated: May 2011CAUTIONARY STATEMENT RELEVANT TO FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION FOR THE PURPOSE OF “SAFE HARBOR” PROVISIONS OF THE PRIVATE SECURITIES LITIGATION REFORM ACT OF 1995This page from contains forward-looking statements relating to Chevron’s operations that are based on management’s current expectations, estimates and projections about the petroleum, chemicals and other energy-related industries. Words such as “anticipates,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans,” “targets,” “projects,” “believes,” “seeks,” “schedules,” “estimates,” “budgets” and similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to certain risks, uncertainties and other factors, some of which are beyond the company’s control and are difficult to predict. Therefore, actual outcomes and results may differ materially from what is expressed or forecasted in such forward-looking statements. The reader should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this report. Unless legally required, Chevron undertakes no obligation to update publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.Among the important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements are: changing crude oil and natural gas prices; changing refining, marketing and chemical margins; actions of competitors or regulators; timing of exploration expenses; timing of crude oil liftings; the competitiveness of alternate-energy sources or product substitutes; technological developments; the results of operations and financial condition of equity affiliates; the inability or failureof the company’s joint-venture partners to fund their share of operations and development activities; the potential failure to achieve expected net production from existing and future crude oil and natural gas development projects; potential delays in the development, construction or start-up of planned projects; the potential disruption or interruption of the company’s net production or manufacturing facilities or delivery/transportation networks due to war, accidents, political events, civil unrest, severe weather or crude oil production quotas that might be imposed by the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries; the potential liability for remedial actions or assessments under existing or future environmental regulations and litigation; significant investment or product changes under existing or future environmental statutes, regulations and litigation; the potential liability resulting from other pending or future litigation; the company’s future acquisition or disposition of assets and gains and losses from asset dispositions or impairments; government-mandated sales, divestitures, recapitalizations, industry-specific taxes, changes in fiscal terms or restrictions on scope of company operations; foreign currency movements compared with the U.S. dollar; the effects of changed accounting rules under generally accepted accounting principles promulgated by rule-setting bodies; and the factors set forth under the heading “Risk Factors” in Chevron’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010. In addition, such statements could be affected by general domestic and international economic and political conditions. Unpredictable or unknown factors not discussed in Chevron’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010 could also have material adverse effects on forward-looking statements.CHEVRON, the CHEVRON HALLMARK, CALTEX, TEXACO, DELO, HAVOLINE, ISOCRACKING, ISODEWAXING, ISOFINISHING, POWER DIESEL, REVTEX, STAR MART, STAR LUBE, TECHRON, TOWN COUNTRY, URSA, and XPRESS LUBE are registered trademarks of Chevron Intellectual Property LLC.。

中译英翻译范文㈠⑴中国作为一个发展中国家，面临着发展经济与保护环境的双重任务。

我国人口众多，资源相对不足，经济规模越来越大。

经济发展与资源和环境的矛盾日益突出。

环境污染严重、生态状况恶化、资源耗费巨大、回收率低而导致环境破坏等问题，已成为中国经济保持可持续发展的瓶颈。

⑵从国情出发，中国在全面推进现代化的过程中，将环境保护视为一项基本国策，将实现经济持续发展视为一项重要战略，同时在全国范围内开展污染防治工作和生态环境保护活动，同时环境恶化的状况已基本得到了控制。

⑶实践证明，我们协调经济发展与环境保护两者之间关系的做法是行之有效的。

⑷中国作为国际社会中的成员，在努力保护自己环境的同时，还积极参与国际环保事务，促进国际环保合作，并认真履行了国际义务。

所有这些都充分表明了中国政府和人们保护全球环境的诚意和决心。

☆翻译☆⑴As a developing country, China is confronted with the dual task of developing the economy and protecting the environment. As a country with a large population, relative insufficiency of natural resources and expanding economy, China suffers an increasingly significant disparity between economic development on the one hand and natural resources and the environment on the other hand. Environmental deterioration caused by severe pollution, deteriorated ecological conditions, massive consumption of resources and low reclamation has become a bottleneck against the continuous development of Chinese economy.⑵Proceeding from its national conditions, China has, in the process of promoting its overall modernization program, made environmental protection one of its basic national policies, regarded the realization of sustained economic development as an important strategy and meanwhile, carried out throughout the country campaigns for pollution prevention and treatment as well as ecological environmental protection, and in the meantime its environment has basically ceased from deteriorating.⑶The end-results of our work have shown that China's endeavor in striking a balance between economic development and environmental protection has been effective.⑷As a member of the international community, China, while making great efforts to protect its own environment, has taken an active part in international environmental protection affairs to promote international cooperation in environmental protection, and earnestly fulfilled her international obligations. All these have given full expression to the sincerity and determination of the Chinese government and people to protect the global environment.㈡⑴科学杰出之处就在于它能创造人为的可控之物，科学和工程学使我们能够建造我们今天得以生活在其中的部分人工化了的环境，在这个环境里充满了无数大桥、卡车、飞机、抗生素和基因变异物种。

中国公司致力于环境保护英语作文Title: Chinese Companies Going Green!Do you know what's really cool these days? Chinese companies are doing a lot to help protect our planet! They're making sure that the air we breathe, the water we drink, and the land we live on stay clean and healthy for all of us.One company that's doing awesome things is Alibaba. They're a huge online shopping company, and they've started using electric vehicles to deliver packages. That means fewer gas-powered trucks on the roads, which is better for the environment. They're also using more recycled materials for their packaging, so less waste ends up in landfills or oceans.Another company doing great things is Tencent. They're a tech giant, and they've been working hard to reduce their carbon footprint. That's a fancy way of saying they're trying to produce less of the greenhouse gases that contribute to climate change. They've started using more renewable energy like solar and wind power to run their offices and data centers.But it's not just the big companies that are going green. Smaller businesses are doing their part too. For example, there's a company called Chabaidui that makes eco-friendly tablewarefrom plant materials like bamboo and sugarcane. Their products are not only good for the environment, but they're also really cool and stylish!Speaking of cool and stylish, have you heard of the company Xtep? They make sportswear and athletic shoes, but they're also really focused on being environmentally friendly. They use recycled materials in their products and have even started a program to recycle old shoes so they don't end up in landfills.But it's not just about the products these companies make. They're also trying to be more energy-efficient in their factories and offices. For example, Haier, a company that makes home appliances, has been working on using more solar power and improving insulation in their buildings to save energy.And it's not just the companies themselves that are going green. They're also encouraging their employees and customers to be more eco-friendly too. Lots of companies are starting recycling programs or offering incentives for people to use public transportation or carpool to work.So the next time you're shopping online, buying a new pair of shoes, or using a cool new app, remember that the company behind it might be doing their part to go green. And who knows,maybe one day you'll be working for a company that's helping to save the environment too!。

Marke Due DiligenceCIMC1. JV willingnessCIMC has shown very strong interest in entering the life insurance business with Aegon for the following major reasons:-CIMC has the necessary financial resources and capabilities to invest in the life insurance venture-They have been looking for some non-core business opportunities and have already invested in them such as the real estate.-They have had strong interests in the financial sector for a long time and invested in some financial institutions such as Merchants Bank and brokerage companies in past.-They consider good investment in the financial sector could generate some steady returns over time.-They will be able to further improve the CIMC’s name recognition by forming a JV with Aegon given Aegon’s world market position in the insurance business, which will likely bring more core business to CIMC.Since CIMC is unfamiliar with life insurance business and this is not going to be their core business, CIMC has no intention to run this life insurance JV and does not have any problem of letting Aegon have the controlling share if the Chinese regulation permits.CIMC will vote against involving any third-party investor in the JV if there is no benefit of having a third-party investor.pany and its BusinessChina International Marine Containers(Group)Ltd.(CIMC) is a world leading marine container manufacturer. Its major business includes production of a full range ofcontainers and in addition, CIMC also engages in other businesses in the timber industry, mechanical and electrical equipment manufacturing, real estate and public infrastructure.With its head office in Shenzhen, CIMC has more than 10,000 employees and controls over 20 subsidiaries in Shenzhen, Shanghai, Nanjin, Nantong, Dalian,Xinhui,Qingdao,Tianjin,Hong Kong,Suriname and Cambodia.CIMC held a more than 1/3 of the market share in the world total container sales in 2000 and it has a competitive edge over the competitors in not only the amount of sales, but also in the many types of containers it produces.The company maintains that it has strong customer trust and always conducts its business in a legitimate and responsible manner. However, one of its subsidiaries, an airportequipment maker, faced a law suit filed by Jetway, an American company and lost the case. (Refer to FDD comments for more details)pany ReputationBased on our desk research, CIMC appears to be a well recognised company and has received several business honors such as,-One of the top 500 industrial enterprise in China-One of the top 10 export companies in China-One of the top 10 best-performing listed companies on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange-Among China’s top 50 listed companies in 1999, 2000 and 20014.Management TeamMore than 80% of the high level management staff have at least BA degrees. About 2 – 3 of the 11 top executives can fully communicate in English and had some years of work experience in Hong Kong. Most others can read and understand English, but relatively poor in spoken English. Given that CIMC was once under the management of a Danish bank, most management staff are well oriented in terms of western management /business philosophies and practice making it easier for CIMC to develop any newbusiness with foreign companies.5. Business growth potentialThe future prospects for CIMC’s business may be between “strong growth and steady growth” and reasons are as follows:-large untapped market potential in China given the low percentage use of containers in transportation; impact of China’s accession to the WTO and growing foreign trade will most likely increase demand for containers.-less developed countries’ needs and demand for containers will remain fairly strong which includes demand for new containers and replacement of the old containers.-developed countries’ demand for containers will not grow significantly, but will remain stable in the future.-Demand for special-purpose containers such as refrigerated containers will grow strongly in the future.Since CIMC’s revenue from the non-core business activities is a very small part of the total, it will have only a negligible impact on the company’s growth in the future.Our desk research did not find strong reasons to reject the above reasons for thecompany’s future growth potential. According to information from international sources such as the Containerization International, IMF 2001 World Economic Outlook and our analysis, CIMC’s container business growth may be around 8% over the next five years.This is based on assumptions that international container shipping growth rate is onaverage 3% higher than the growth rate of world trade and if CIMC will be able tomaintain its current 38% global container market share and 90% of its containers are exported. Since the 8% future growth rate has not taken into account of any possible increasing container demand inside China, it may be reasonable to conclude that the CIMC’s future container business growth rate could reach higher than 8%.CIMC’s main customers include 50 large foreign companies (see Appendix $$$ forCIMC’s top10 foreign customers). The largest two local customers include the China Ocean Shipping Company and the Ministry of Railway. Most of the CIMC’s business activities in China concentrate in coastal cities from the north to south. Overseasbusinesses are done mainly through Hong Kongernment and Media RelationshipCIMC has normal working relationship with the press / media. But it does not use the press / media aggressively to promote or report on the company’s activities. In its view, a listed company should be careful about how to use press / media coverage and in this regard, the company prefers to be more “conservative” or keep a low profile. Most often, the company will use the newspapers such as “China Securities”, Securities Times” and Xinbao (a HK newspaper) as the company’s main vehicles for news releases. During our desk research, we noticed that there has been significant amount of news reports on the CIMC, therefore, the company is still well covered in the media even if the company has not tried to approach the media aggressively based on the management team.Since CIMC is a leading container manufacturer in the world, a key player in the Chinese manufacturing industry and a big “tax payer” to the local governments where it hasmanufacturing facilities / plants, they usually enjoy strong support from the local as well as the central governments. This is probably true even though we have not spoken to any local governments in this regard.CNOOC1.JV willingnessCNOOC is definitely interested in diversifying its business and investment into theinsurance business. Currently, they are not only speaking to Aegon, but also oneJapanese life insurance company and one from Switzerland. They will make a choice after doing their own comprehensive assessment of each company’s financial andbusiness conditions.Since CNOOC is unfamiliar with life insurance business currently and this is not going to be their main line of business, they are more interested in getting reasonable “investment returns” rather than having a controlling majority share in the future. Therefore, they do not see a problem of letting Aegon have the controlling share if the regulation permits.CNOOC does not want to have three investors in a life insurance JV.2. Company and its BusinessCNOOC is one of the three companies in oil exploration and production business inChina. Based on the management team’s comments, CNOOC is the smallest of the three oil companies in output level and the total number of employees, but it is the mostefficient and profitable compared with the other two producers, Sinopec and PetroChina.According to our desk research, in China’s total domestic crude oil production (150million tons) CNOOC’s share is estimated to be around 13% to 15% with only about0.5% of the total employment in the industry. This seems to support what we have heardfrom the management in regard to its business efficiency and profitability.CNOOC has invested in a variety of businesses and gained lots of industry experience.For instance, our desk top research shows that the company owns China Offshore Oil Research Center, one chemical company, eight specialized services companies, fivelogistic companies and a JV with Shell. In addition, it has four overseas offices inHouston, Jakarta, Tokyo and Singapore. But none of the above businesses is in lifeinsurance and according to the management, their knowledge about life insurance is limited at this moment.3. Company ReputationOver the years, the company has some major honors including-30 different kinds of awards for its technological innovation from the State-one of the top 500 industrial enterprises in China (rank 12)-one of the top 200 companies for export (rank 3)-No.50 among the world top 50 oil companies-Among the top 10 of China’s best-performing enterprises for 2001The company seems to have a strong and positive image in the public and we did not find any “negative” news relating to the company’s reputation or business ethics. CNOOC has signed over 100 contracts with more than 40 countries, according to the managementteam it has not had any legal disputes. Moody’s Investors Services and Standard &Poor’s have assigned an Baa2 and BBB issuer rating respectively which are the highest ever received by the Chinese companies and the first SOEs.4.Management TeamMore than 90% of CNOOC’s management staff have at least a university degree. About a quarter of the mid and high level management staff studied overseas and have theirMBAs. The manager of their finance department is an expatriate staff with a PhD from the US. Given the education and professional background, it should not be majorproblem for Aegon to communicate easily with CNOOC.5.Business growth potentialThe company has had strong and steady growth over the past years since the company was established. The company’s oil output grew from less than 100,000 tons 1982 to $$$$ in 2000. According to our desk research, the potential resources in China’s Bohai Bay,Yellow Sea, East China Sea and northern continental shelf of South China Sea areestimated to be around 27.53 billion tons of oil and 10.6 BCM of gas, but the discovery rate is only 18.5% and 9.2% respectively for oil and gas. Considering of the country’s economic growth, rising energy demand and large untapped oil / gas resources, themanagement’s confidence in the company’s future growth does not appear unreasonable to us. To achieve its future growth, one of the company’s strategies is to expand into oil related new businesses such as oil refineries and fertilizer plants. (See Appendix $$) CNOOC expects to achieve at least a15% rate of investment from all the projects they are going to invest in.CNOOC’s main customers are large oil refineries in China and abroad. Most of their domestic customers and business activities are located in China’s coastal regions.6. Government and Media RelationshipThe company maintains a good working relationship with the Chinese press / media as well as different levels of the Chinese government. Our desk research experience has found lots of press reports on the company in local and overseas media.Given that the company has the rights granted by the State Council for the exploitation of offshare oil and natural gas in China in co-operation with foreign companies, and because of the importance and role CNOOC plays in the country’s economy, CNOOC’s topexecutive is usually appointed by the central government , therefore it is probablyreasonable to assume that it enjoys good support from the central and local governments.。

汉语热在全球兴起的原因英语作文全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1The Reasons for the Global Rise of Chinese Language FeverHi there! My name is Emma and I'm 10 years old. Today, I want to tell you all about why learning Chinese has become so popular all over the world. It's a really cool language and more and more people are getting interested in it every day!First off, Chinese is one of the most widely spoken languages in the world. Over a billion people speak some form of Chinese as their native language! That's a huge number – way more than any other language. English is the next most common with only around 400 million native speakers. With so many Chinese speakers out there, learning the language can really help you communicate with lots of new people.Another big reason is that China's economy has been growing super quickly over the past few decades. China is now a major power in business, technology, and lots of other important areas. Speaking Chinese can give you an advantage when trying to work or do business with Chinese companies. My dad's friendlearned Chinese and it helped him get a really cool job working for a big Chinese tech firm!China itself is also becoming a more and more popular place to visit as a tourist. It has amazing historical sites like the Great Wall and Forbidden City. It also has huge, modern cities like Shanghai that are really neat to explore. If you know Chinese, you can get around way easier and understand things better when traveling there. My parents took a trip to Beijing last year and said it was extremely useful that my mom studied Chinese in college.The culture behind the Chinese language is just incredibly deep and interesting too. There are beautiful poems, paintings, scripts, histories, and philosophies that go back thousands of years. Learning Chinese opens a window into understanding all of those rich traditions. I think the writing system of Chinese characters is particularly awesome and artistic. My Chinese teacher shows us examples of gorgeous calligraphy.Plus, China is becoming more influential around the globe in areas like politics, media, and entertainment. If you know the language, you can read and understand Chinese news, books, movies, and shows without needing translations. Chinese animations and music are getting popular in my school too. I canunderstand what they're saying without needing subtitles, which is pretty neat.With China's rise, a bunch of other countries are also making it a priority to teach Chinese in schools from an early age. That way, kids like me can start learning the language when we're young and have an easier time mastering the tones and writing system. My little brother is already taking Chinese lessons as part of his elementary curriculum. By the time we're adults, way more of us globally will be able to speak, read, and write Chinese compared to previous generations.Those are some of the biggest factors driving the worldwide rise in interest for studying Chinese. The language opens up the ability to communicate and connect with over a billion people. It provides career opportunities with the world's largest rising economies. It allows richer travel and cultural understanding when visiting Chinese societies. And it lets you fully experience amazing histories, stories, and art without needing translations.Chinese is almost like a golden key that lets you into a vast, incredible world. With China's growing importance on the global stage, being bilingual in English and Chinese can only become more and more useful over time. While the tones and characters were pretty hard for me at first, I now feel really proud to belearning this awesome language. It's going to keep rising in popularity for sure!篇2The Rise of Chinese Fever Around the WorldHi there! My name is Emily, and I'm a 10-year-old student from the United States. Today, I want to talk to you about something that's been really popular lately – learning Chinese! You might have noticed that more and more people around the world are getting interested in the Chinese language and culture. But why is this happening? Let me share with you some of the reasons behind this "Chinese fever" that's sweeping across the globe.First of all, China has become an economic powerhouse in recent years. With its rapidly growing economy and increasing global influence, many people see learning Chinese as a way to open up new opportunities for business, trade, and career advancement. Companies are looking for employees who can communicate with Chinese partners and clients, and individuals who speak Chinese may have an advantage in the job market.Secondly, China has a rich and fascinating culture that has captured the interest of people worldwide. From ancientphilosophies and traditions to modern art and cuisine, Chinese culture offers a unique and intriguing perspective. Learning the language can help people better understand and appreciate this rich cultural heritage.Another reason for the Chinese fever is the growing popularity of Chinese entertainment. From martial arts movies and historical dramas to K-pop music and online games, Chinese pop culture has gained a massive following around the world. People who are fans of these forms of entertainment often want to learn the language to better appreciate the nuances and subtleties of the content.Moreover, the increasing number of Chinese tourists and immigrants worldwide has also contributed to the demand for learning Chinese. As more and more Chinese people travel and settle in different countries, there is a greater need for locals to communicate with them effectively, whether for business, education, or social purposes.But it's not just about practical reasons – learning a new language can also be a fun and rewarding experience! Chinese is considered one of the most challenging languages for native English speakers to learn, with its tonal system and complex writing system. But many people find the challenge exciting andrewarding, and the sense of accomplishment that comes with mastering a new language is truly satisfying.Despite these difficulties, the popularity of Chinese language learning continues to grow. More and more schools and universities around the world are offering Chinese language courses, and there are numerous online resources and apps available to help learners of all ages and levels.Personally, I think it's really cool to see so many people interested in learning Chinese. It's a language with a rich history and culture, and it opens up so many opportunities for communication and understanding between different cultures. Who knows, maybe one day I'll even learn it myself!So there you have it – some of the reasons behind the global Chinese fever. Whether it's for business, cultural appreciation, or personal enrichment, learning Chinese has become an increasingly popular pursuit around the world. And with China's growing influence and the ongoing globalization of our world, this trend is likely to continue in the years to come.篇3The Rise of Chinese Language Learning Around the WorldHi there! My name is Emma and I'm a 5th grader. Today I want to talk to you about why so many people around the world are learning Chinese these days. It's a really cool trend that I've noticed!First of all, let me tell you a bit about the Chinese language itself. Chinese is considered one of the most difficult languages for English speakers to learn. But it's also really fascinating and unique. Instead of an alphabet, Chinese uses thousands of written characters that kind of look like little pictures. And when you speak it, it has a very different sound than English with those fun tones that go up and down.So why is Chinese becoming so popular lately? Well, there are a bunch of reasons:China's Growing ImportanceOne of the biggest reasons is that China is becoming a major world power. China has the largest population of any country and one of the biggest economies too. As China gets more influential globally, more people want to be able to communicate with Chinese speakers and understand the culture.Business OpportunitiesKnowing Chinese can open up lots of potential business opportunities. China has a huge consumer market that companies want to sell products and services to. Chinese skills make you a very attractive job candidate for businesses operating in China or doing trade with Chinese partners.Educational BenefitsStudies show that learning Chinese can give your brain an extra workout and make you smarter! The writing system uses different brain pathways than alphabet-based languages. Chinese proficiency has been linked to better math abilities, focus, and creativity in kids.Travel and CultureAs more people visit China for business or tourism, an interest in the language naturally follows. Once you start learning about fascinating Chinese culture, arts, history, and cuisine, you want to understand more. Knowing Chinese allows you to truly experience the culture.Personal GrowthTaking on the challenge of an extremely difficult language like Chinese is a great way to push yourself. Mastering such a different writing system and tonal sounds can be very rewardingpersonal growth. Plus, you get to learn awesome skills like using chopsticks!Cool FactorLet's be honest, for a lot of kids and teens, Chinese is just viewed as a really cool language to know these days. With Chinese pop culture like movies, music, games, and anime gaining popularity, Chinese ability makes you look ultra-trendy.Those are some of the biggest reasons driving the boom in Chinese learning around the globe. China's rising influence, economic ties, educational benefits, and cultural appeal are inspiring millions to take on this linguistic challenge.For me personally, I think the Chinese writing system is just so beautiful and intricate. I love looking at the detailed character shapes and trying to decipher the meanings behind them. And the sounds are really fun to mimic - my favorite tone is the rising tone that goes up like this: "má."My Chinese classes at school have definitely made me a more dedicated student overall. I've learned discipline, focus, and study techniques that will help me with any subject. I'm so glad my parents encouraged me to start learning this amazing language from an early age.While Chinese isn't easy, little by little I'm getting better and more fluent each year. Who knows, maybe one day I'll get to use my skills to work for an international company or travel to China! Studying Chinese has already opened my eyes to a whole new world.If you're considering taking up Chinese, I say go for it! It's a difficult but incredibly rewarding pursuit. Don't get discouraged, stick with it, and you'll be amazed at what you can accomplish. Maybe I'll see you in Chi nese class sometime! Zàijiàn!篇4The Rise of Chinese Language Fever Around the WorldI'm just a kid, but I've noticed something really fascinating happening lately. More and more people all over the world are getting excited about learning Chinese! Kids in my class are taking Chinese lessons, and even my parents are trying to learn a few phrases. Everywhere I look, there seems to be this growing "Chinese language fever." But why is this happening? Let me share my thoughts.One major reason is that China is becoming a true global superpower. China has the world's largest population and the second biggest economy after the United States. Morebusinesses than ever are trading and operating in China. To succeed in business dealings with the Chinese, it really helps to speak their language. That's why so many companies are sending their employees to Chinese classes. My dad's coworker just got back from a Chinese language training program in Beijing!Beyond business, China's enormous influence is felt in so many areas like technology, manufacturing, culture, and politics. With China playing such a major role globally, there is a practical need and incentive for people to learn Chinese to better understand and engage with China. I remember my teacher saying that Chinese is already one of the six official languages used at the United Nations. Chinese isn't just for Chinese people anymore.Another big factor driving the Chinese craze is China's impressive economic growth over the past few decades. China used to be a relatively poor country, but its economy has been rapidly developing and modernizing. Tons of products we use every day are stamped "Made in China." China's booming cities are quickly becoming international centers of finance, innovation and culture. People see opportunities in China's economic rise. By learning Chinese, they hope to get better jobs, make moremoney, and enjoy more success in the expanding marketplace of 1.4 billion Chinese consumers.My cousin is actually learning Mandarin Chinese because she thinks it will give her an advantage in college admissions. Top universities love applicants with strong language skills, especially in Chinese. Knowing Chinese is like having a secret weapon to get into elite schools. My cousin believes being fluent in Chinese and English will allow her to work anywhere in the world she wants, for any multinational company. Lots of students are following a similar strategy.What also sparks interest in Chinese is the fact that it is considered one of the most challenging major languages for English speakers to learn. There's a serious "cool factor" in being able to master written Chinese with its vast numbers of intricate characters. It's like a mental fitness challenge that expands your brain power. My parents always say children should start learning Chinese as early as possible when our minds are most flexible. I'm proud that I've been taking Chinese lessons since first grade.Fascination with China's rich history and culture is another reason behind Chinese fever. China has one of the world's oldest civilizations going back thousands of years. Its culture is just sodifferent and unique compared to Western traditions. Chinese opera, cuisine, festivals, literature, arts, and philosophy have an exotic appeal to people abroad. You can't fully experience and understand these dimensions of Chinese culture without knowing the language. I think people really enjoy unraveling the deeper meanings behind Chinese proverbs and idioms.China's global success in recent Olympic games has also sparked more interest in Chinese worldwide. Crowds were wowed by the amazing opening ceremony of the Beijing Olympics with its dazzling displays of choreography, music, and special effects. China is establishing itself as a force in international athletics. When countries dominate at high-profile sports like the Olympics, their language and culture gain more prestige too.Last but not least, the spread of Chinese entertainment is making the language hipper and more mainstream globally. Chinese movies, television dramas, music, and celebrities are exploding in popularity internationally through platforms like Netflix. My Mandarin teacher showed our class some classic Kung Fu films last semester and I thought they were incredibly cool, even with the subtitles. Lots of Chinese slang andcatchphrases are working their way into youth culture around the world.With China's rising clout, people of all ages are racing to get in on the Chinese language for a wide mix of motivations. Some are lured by economic and career ambitions related to China's booming growth. For others, it's the intellectual challenge or desire to connect with China's ancient culture. And for young folks like me, Chinese is just gaining a certain chicness and status as a vital, global language of the future.Mandarin Chinese is already one of the most widely spoken languages in the world. But the way Chinese fever continues spreading across continents and generations, it's evident that Chinese language skills will grow even more essential for success in the decades ahead, no matter your age or background. That's a trend I'll be watching closely as I advance in my own studies.篇5The Worldwide Rise of the Chinese Language FeverHi there! My name is Emma and I'm going to tell you all about why learning Chinese is becoming super popular all around the world. Buckle up because this is going to be an exciting ride!First off, I want to talk about how huge China is. Like, seriously massive! China has the biggest population of any country on Earth with over 1.4 billion people. That's amind-boggling number! With so many people speaking Chinese as their native language, it's no wonder the Chinese language is spreading far and wide.But it's not just about the vast numbers. China's economy is growing at an incredible rate too. These days, China is a global superpower with a ton of economic might. Major companies all over the world want to do business with China. So if you know Chinese, that can open up lots of exciting job opportunities for you down the road.Speaking of jobs, get this – Chinese is already one of the most useful languages for finding employment. Businesses everywhere are seeking people who can communicate in Chinese to help them engage with the gigantic Chinese market. Knowing the language can make you stand out from the crowd. How cool is that?Another fascinating thing about Chinese is its rich cultural heritage spanning thousands of years. China has gifted the world with incredible literature, philosophies, arts, inventions and more. By learning the language, you get a VIP pass to explore theseamazing cultural treasures. It's like unlocking a whole new world of wisdom and beauty.And let's not forget the delicious Chinese cuisine! Mmm...just thinking about dumplings, noodles, and Peking duck makes my mouth water. If you know Chinese, you'll be able to order the most authentic dishes and really savor the nuances of the food. Your taste buds will thank you!But look, I get it – Chinese isn't the easiest language to learn, especially for us native English speakers. The tones, the characters, the different grammar...it can seem daunting at first. But here's the thing – the challenge itself is part of what makes it so rewarding and fun! It exercises your brain in new ways and that's excellent mental exercise.Plus, tons of learning resources exist nowadays to make Chinese easier than ever before. There are apps, video lessons, tutors, you name it. You can tailor the process to your interests and learning style. And don't forget – kids' brains are like super-sponges when it comes to picking up languages. We have an advantage over the adults!Speaking Chinese gives you a competitive edge too. As more and more people jump on the Chinese bandwagon, being bilingual in English and Chinese sets you apart. It's a key skill thatcan open doors for you globally in all kinds of industries like business, tourism, diplomacy, and so on. How powerful is that?!And let's be honest, it's just plain impressive when someone can speak multiple languages fluently. You get international street cred for being multilingual. All your friends will be like "Whoa, you know Chinese?? That's so cool!" It makes you stand out as a worldly, cultured person.But at the end of the day, one of the best reasons to learn Chinese is the sheer joy of being able to connect with over a billion people across the globe. Imagine making friends with kids in Beijing and being able to chat seamlessly. Or traveling to Shanghai and having full conversations with locals. It'smind-blowing! Speaking the language bridges cultures in amazing ways.I could go on and on, but I'll wrap it up for now. Learning Chinese admittedly requires hard work, discipline and patience. But the payoffs are massive in terms of opportunities, cultural enrichment, mental stimulation and so much more. If you ask me, hopping on the Chinese fever train is one of the smartest moves you can make.Who's with me? Let's add some Chinese fuel to our language engines! The world is becoming increasingly connected andbilingual – we've got to stay on trend. Let's explore this ancient yet modern language together and be part of the global Chinese revolution!篇6Certainly! Here's an essay in English about the reasons for the rise of Chinese language fever globally, written from the perspective of an elementary school student, with a length of approximately 2000 words.The Rise of Chinese Language Fever Around the WorldNi hao! That means "hello" in Chinese, one of the coolest languages in the world. Did you know that more and more people are learning Chinese these days? It's like a fever that's spreading across the globe, and I'm going to tell you why.First of all, China is a really big deal on the world stage. It's a huge country with a massive population, and its economy is growing like a bamboo shoot on steroids! With so many people and so much money, China has become a major player in global trade and business. Companies from all over the world want to do business with China, and speaking Chinese can give you a serious advantage.But it's not just about making money. Chinese culture is also super fascinating and rich in history. From ancient philosophers like Confucius to amazing inventions like paper, gunpowder, and the compass, China has contributed so much to human civilization. Learning Chinese can help you understand and appreciate this incredible heritage.Plus, Chinese is just a really cool language to learn. It's like cracking a secret code with all those intricate characters and tones. It's almost like a puzzle or a game, and mastering it can be really satisfying. And let's not forget about all the delicious Chinese food you'll be able to order without needing a menu translation!Another reason why Chinese fever is spreading is because of the increasing connections between China and the rest of the world. More and more Chinese people are traveling, studying, and working abroad, and vice versa. Being able to speak Chinese can help you communicate with these globetrotters and make new friends from all over.Speaking of friends, learning Chinese can also help you bond with your classmates who are of Chinese descent. You'll be able to understand their language and culture better, and maybe even impress them with your mad Chinese skills.But wait, there's more! Did you know that Chinese is one of the most widely spoken languages in the world? That's right, with over a billion native speakers, learning Chinese can open up a whole new world of communication possibilities. Imagine being able to chat with people from all corners of the globe without needing a translator!So, what are you waiting for? Join the Chinese language fever and start your journey towards fluency today! Who knows, maybe one day you'll be the one teaching Chinese to others and spreading the love for this amazing language.In conclusion, the rise of Chinese language fever around the world is fueled by China's growing economic and cultural influence, the fascinating nature of the language itself, increasing global connections, opportunities for cross-cultural understanding, and the practical benefits of being able to communicate with over a billion people. So, grab your textbooks, fire up those language learning apps, and get ready to embark on an adventure that will open up a whole new world of possibilities.。

Ukraine country profileUkraine gained independence after the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 and has since veered between seeking closer integration with Western Europe and reconciliation with Russia, which supplies most of the country's energy.Europe's second largest country, Ukraine is a land of wide, fertile agricultural plains, with large pockets of heavy industry in the east.While Ukraine and Russia share common historical origins, the west of the country has close ties with its European neighbours, particularly Poland, and Ukrainian nationalist sentiment is strongest there.Pressure grows on Ukraine over rights at Euro 2012KIEV (Reuters) - Denmark and the Netherlands increased pressure on Ukraine to improve its human rights record at the Euro 2012 football finals on Saturday by meeting victims of alleged police torture in the city where opposition leader Yulia Tymoshenko is jailed.The two European Union states' sports ministers held three hours of talks on police brutality, homophobia and the need for an independent judiciary in the eastern city of Kharkiv before their nations met in a Group B match."Our role in the European Union is to push for change by the politicians in the country. The people I have spoken to today show that you can be randomly arrested and tortured," Dutch Health and Sports Minister Edith Schippers told Reuters."That is not a sign of a civil law state that wants to be part of the EU," she said by telephone after the talks.Participants said the ministers did not discuss Tymoshenko's case, which has prompted politicians from several EU states to boycott matches being held in Ukraine during the month-long tournament which it is co-hosting with Poland.But the talks put the spotlight on issues that could further damage Ukraine's image and dent President Viktor Yanukovich's hopes that hosting the finals will boost its chances of joining the27-state EU, Europe's elite democratic club.Government officials were not immediately available for comment but are already reeling from bad publicity over Tymoshenko's case and allegations of racism in the build-up to the tournament gathering the pick of Europe's national teams.Germany, France and Britain have led the boycott over the treatment of Tymoshenko, a former prime minister sentenced to seven years in prison last October for abuse of office.She is now being treated in a Kharkiv clinic for chronic back problems and says she was physically manhandled by prison guards in April, a charge which prison authorities deny.Ukraine, Russia, Canada agree to create Ukraine's first telecom satellite in 2013Ukrainian, Russian and Canadian participants of the international project on Ukraine's first national telecommunications satellite - the Lybid - have agreed a schedule of work on the construction and launch of the satellite in December 2013.The document was signed following a meeting of the management of the companies involved in the project in Kyiv on May 24-26, Interfax-Ukraine learned at the State Space Agency of Ukraine.The meeting participants included representatives of the customer of the satellite - the State Space Agency of Ukraine, the operator of the satellite – Ukraine's state-owned enterprises Ukrkosmos, the general contractor – Canada's MacDonald, Dettwiler and Associates (MDA), a contractor for the production of the satellite's platform – Russia's OJSC Information Satellite Systems "Reshetnev Company" (ISS-Reshetnev), and a contractor for the satellite launch services – Russia's Center for Ground-Based Space Infrastructure Facilities Operation. The meeting was also attended by Pivdenne Design Bureau and by Pivdenny Machine-Building Plant (Pivdenmash) (both based in Dnipropetrovsk), which work on the first and second stage of the launch vehicle (LV) for the satellite.Ukraine invites bidsfrom energy groupsUkraine has invited bids from international energy groups to explore for oil and natural gas in two vast offshore fields on its Black Sea coast as Kiev steps up efforts to reduce the country’s reliance on increasingly expensive Russian gas imports. Officials said bidswere expected within the next two months to explorethe 16,700 sq km Skifska field, located close to U kraine’s offshore border with Romania, and the 13,600 sq km Foroska field, off Ukraine’s Crimean peninsula.Viktor Yanukovich, Ukraine’s president, has repeatedly described import prices charged by Russia’s Gazprom as unfairly high, and his administration has stepped up efforts to boost domestic hydrocarbon production.Experts have described the planned exploration projects as a shift for Ukraine, whose price disputes with Moscow have twice since 2006 triggered supply disruptions to Europe. The plans mark the first significant attempt by Kiev to break its heavy dependence on Russian fuel by bringing overseas investors into a sector long dominated by domestic and Russian groups. It imports about 40bn cubic metres of gas from Russia annually.The new tenders come weeks after Ukraine chose Chevron of the US and Royal Dutch Shell as winning bidders in two multibillion-dollar onshore exploration projects that are expected to utilise shale and other unconventional technologies to unearth hydrocarbons. Ukraine is estimated to hold Europe’s fourth largest shale gas reserves. Government and industry sources said that companies eyeing the new offshore exploration projects include Shell, ExxonMobil, China’s Sinopec Italy’s Eni, Austria’s OMV, Brazil’s Petrobras and France’s Total.The winning bidders are expected to pay an upfront premium of at least $300m to Ukraine’s cash-strapped government, an official said. Should commercially viable hydrocar bons be found, Ukraine’s government wants a 20 per cent share for domestic use.Citing government estimates, Kiev-based investment bank Dragon Capital said annual production from the Skifska and Foroska fields might ―peak at 3bn-4bn cubic metres and 2bn-3bn cubic metres, respectively. With water depths in these areas reaching1,500m, we think commercial development of these fields can realistically start in seven to eight years.‖Investors will not be required to sell their share of hydrocarbons to Ukraine, but this option is likely to be attractive given the prices the country is paying for Russian gas imports.Ukraine seeks energy majors for Black Sea explorationUkraine has launched its second round of hydrocarbon exploration tenders of this year, stepping up efforts to cut down on expensive Russian natural gas imports.To do that, the nation will have to boost domestic production with the investment and know-how of the world’s largest energy companies.According to a June 2 announcement in the Uryadovy Kuryer government newspaper, an Aug. 2 deadline has been set for bids to explore for natural gas and oil in two vast offshore fields on Ukraine’s Black Sea coast.The 16,700 square kilometers Skifska and 13,600 square kilometers Foroska fields are located off Ukraine’s Crimean peninsula.Ukrainian officials and industry insiders said they expect bids from the world’s largest energy companies, the likes of Shell, ExxonMobil, China’s Sinopec, Italy’s Eni, Austria’s OMV, Brazil’s Petrobras and France’s Total.The new tenders come weeks after Ukraine chose US-based Chevron and Royal Dutch Shell as winning bidders in two multibillion-dollar onshore exploration projects. Those deals are expected tap the nation's shale gas reserves, believed to be the fourth largest in Europe.The offshore exploration projects could also involve billions of dollars of investment.The winning bidders are expected pay an upfront premium of at least $300 million to Ukraine’s government, an official source said. Should commercially viable hydrocarbons be found, Ukraine’s government seeks no less than a 20 percent share of it for domestic use.Ukraine wants to boost renewable energy sources by 2.3 times in 2012, says agencyThe state agency for energy efficiency and energy saving has forecasted that the capacity of renewable energy sources will be increased by 2.3 times in 2012, to one gigawatt, the agency's head, Mykola Pashkevych, said at a press conference in Kyiv on Thursday.The agency said that the total installed capacity of alternative energy facilities in Ukraine is 411 megawatts (107 operating facilities – 76 hydroelectric power plants, 18 solar power plants, 11 wind farms and two bio-energy facilities) or 0.8% of the power generating capacity of the country.In 2011, 257 megawatts of alternative energy facilities were commissioned, and it is expected that in 2012 wind farms with a total capacity of 252 megawatts and solar power plants with the total capacity of 290 megawatts will be launched.Pashkevych also said that National Energy Company Ukrenergo has issued a permit to connect 3,027 megawatts of wind farms and 1,500 megawatts of solar power plants to the Ukrainian power grid.The agency also said that this year it is planned to build some new facilities in the country's regions. Czech company Ekotechnik Praha will finish the construction of a 42 megawatts solar power plants in Kyiv region (Bohuslav) and will start installing 50 megawatts facilities in Dnipropetrovsk region. Rentechno will complete construction of a 1.8 megawatt solar power plant in Vinnytsia region and will start building 11 megawatt facilities in Kherson region. Rengy Development will build six solar power plants with a combined capacity of 50 megawatts in Vinnytsia region. Israeli SunElectra wants to build 10 solar power plants with the capacity of 25-30 megawatts.Tokmak Solar Energy plans to launch a solar power plant with the capacity of nine megawatts and Ukrgelios will launch a 15 megawatt plant in Zaporizhia region. France's Helios Strategia plans to build several roof solar power plants with the capacity of seven megawatts in Ukraine.The following wind farm projects will be realized: Germany's Windguard – a wind farm of 400 megawatts in Luhansk region and Germany's Windcraft - facilities in Crimea and Kherson region.World Economic Forum Expert Group Assists UkraineGlobal Agenda Council on Ukraine was launched at the World Economic Forum (WEF) on the Middle East, North Africa and Eurasia.The Council was initiated as a result of the meeting between Professor Klaus Schwab, Founder and Executive Chairman of the WEF, and Viktor Yanukovych, President of Ukraine. The WEF Council will generate ideas to further social, political, and economic progress in Ukraine.Among other topics, the Council will concentrate on democracy, human rights and energy security issues as well as Ukraine's position in Europe. The experts will also examine the progress of the state's economic reforms and its social sector.The Council will include government, business, academia and civil society experts who will address global, political, economic and social positioning of the country. The Executive Chairman of the WEF will personally appoint all the members of the expert group on Ukraine. It is planned that the Council will operate within the Network of Global Agenda Councils (an expert body of over 1,200 members, who monitor key trends and develop recommendations for problem-solving).The President of Ukraine visited the WEF following the invitation of the head of the Turkish government Prime Minister Erdoğan. Viktor Yanukovych participated in the Future of European Integration summit session dedicated to political and economic aspects of the EU development. The president addressed an issue of European perspective of Ukraine and noted that both Europe and Russia would benefit from cooperation with Ukraine. He also discussed the possibility of holding the next Regional Summit of the World Economic Forum in Ukraine.The heads of state and government of Eurasia, the Middle East and North Africa, heads of international organizations, among them - the IMF, World Bank, Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, EBRD, the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), NATO, OSCE participated in the Summit.Ukraine Starts Free Trade With EFTAThe free trade agreement between the EFTA states (Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, and Switzerland) and Ukraine came into force on May 1, 2012. Signed in 2010, the document regulates trade in goods and services between the signees, competition in the market, government procurement, investment, and intellectual property rights protection.According to the document, the parties abolish all customs duties on imports of a wide range of products. Moreover, "no new customs duties on imports shall be introduced," reads the text. The agreement also provides for the gradual abolition of export duties. The document includes anti-dumping provisions.The agreement lists a set of objectives the parties mean to meet in the future - liberalization of trade in goods and services, removing barriers in trade, increase of investment opportunities, promotion of competition in their economies, as well as public tender liberalization.Concerning trade in services, each party takes upon itself the responsibility to ensure all measures of general application affecting trade in services to be "administered in a reasonable, objective and impartial manner." As for investment, the new document guarantees the signees would avoid the imposition of restrictions to safeguard the balance of payments.In 2011 the bilateral merchandise trade between Ukraine and the EFTA countries reached USD 1.2 billion, reports EFTA official Web site. Over the last decade the annual growth of this indicator amounted to 19 percent. Furthermore, Ukraine is listed as the second most important export destination in Europe outside the EU for the EFTA traders.Ukraine mostly exports inorganic chemicals to the EFTA countries. The prevailing EFTA export to Ukraine is fish and pharmaceutical goods.IMF presses Ukraine to raise gas prices Ukraine needs to hike gas prices for domestic consumers and let its currency trade more flexibly ifit wants to get funds flowing again under its suspended International Monetary Fund bailout, the head of a visiting Fund mission said on Monday.With a parliamentary election in October, the Kiev government has baulked at taking IMF advice to raise gas and heating prices for Ukrainian households by 30 to 50 percent, which economists say is needed to put public finances on a more sustainable track.The government hopes to re-negotiate a cheaper price for deliveries of natural gas from Russia to circumvent the problem, though a compromise with Moscow has to far proved elusive and it has forfeited $6 billion in tranches of IMF money in the meantime.Asked what Ukraine would have to do for the Fund to resume its aid programme, IMF mission chief Christopher Jarvis said: "We recommend significant upfront (gas) tariff increases and regular increases thereafter as part of a time-bound plan to eliminate subsidies."On the national currency, the hryvnia, Jarvis told reporters: "We continue to believe that greater exchange rate flexibility can better serve Ukraine in adapting to changing economic circumstances and can provide a buffer for external shocks."The Central Bank's policy has been to maintain the hryvnia at close to 8 hryvnias per dollar through regular interventions on the interbank market.Jarvis warned, however, that this policy would lead to a widening of the current account deficit which was around 5.5 per cent of gross domestic product (GDP) in 2011."We expect the current account deficit to widen to 6.5 percent on current policy though if policies are tightened the deficit could be lower," he said, adding: "Ukraine still needs to resolve a range of important issues and deal with external and internal challenges."Ukraine, US working out schedule of work at joint facility for disposal of solid rocket fuel from SS-24sUkraine and the United States are working out a schedule of work at a joint facility beingbuilt at the Pavlohrad Chemical Plant in Dnipropetrovsk region as part of the program to dispose of solid rocket fuel from SS-24 intercontinental ballistic missiles."Today the U.S. side, as part of the commitments it assumed, has mostly completed the delivery of special equipment for a plant for the disposal of solid rocket fuel and the empty shells of ICBM motors. Its installation has begun. It is planned to complete the working out of the schedule of work at the facility by June," a source familiar with the implementation of the project told Interfax-Ukraine.According to preliminary estimates, the commissioning of a joint facility for the disposal of solid rocket fuel and the empty shells of ICBM engines is slated for this autumn.According to the Space Agency of Ukraine, in 2011, the program for the disposal of solid rocket fuel from SS-24 intercontinental ballistic missiles was 68% financed: UAH 103.97 million out of UAH 152.58 million planned was allocated. In 2012, the budget financing foresees UAH 229.68 million for the purpose.In April 2011 equipment for the hydraulic washing out of solid rocket fuel was launched at Pavlohrad Chemical Plant. The U.S. Department of Defense in 2010 agreed to increase funding for the program to $24 million to complete the program in 2013.Ukraine is obliged to dispose of solid rocket fuel from SS-22 ballistic missiles at Pavlohrad Chemical Plant under the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START-1) and state programs on the elimination of SS-22 ballistic missiles and solid fuel from these missiles.Under the program, it is planned to dispose of all of the solid rocket propellant in Ukraine, of which there is about 5,000 tonnes, by late 2013.Ukraine's Euro 2012 hotel crisis eases, a littleKIEV — Slammed by UEFA chief Michel Platini for allowing Euro 2012 hotel prices tosky-rocket, embattled co-host Ukraine has tried to make good on a pledge to try to ease the burden on fans' pockets."We've seen that there is now more on offer, so prices have gone down," UEFA spokesman Thomas Giordano told AFP. "It's clear that there is still overpriced accommodation out there but nobody's going to book it," he added.Just four weeks ago, during an assessment visit by European football's governing body, Platini lashed out at "crooks" in Ukraine's tourist sector for trying to make easy money.In some cases, hoteliers took advantage of the mismatch between supply in the ex-Soviet republic and demand from fans to increase prices as much as eighty-fold.Chastened, Ukrainian authorities vowed to take action within 30 days, with Prime Minister Mykola Azarov even threatening to introduce state control of hotel tariffs.Swollen prices have stoked fears that a slice of the 700,000 fans Ukraine is hoping to draw will stay away -- tarnishing the first-ever edition of the tournament behind the former Iron Curtain.That was underlined by the unprecedented failure to sell out matches to England's normally ardent fans for their group games in the eastern city of Donetsk.According to Markian Lubkivsky, head of Ukraine's organising committee, a total of 25,000 tickets remain unsold for matches there, against 50,000 three weeks ago.Games in co-host Poland in contrast have sold out.Prices remain far from perfect compared with previous, west European editions of the16-nation tournament, where fans could also get better quality for their cash.。

China's new approach to cleaning its air中国找到了驱散雾霾的新办法Lost in all the coverage of China's air pollution crisis is that the country continues to build more coal-fired power plants -- with 363 new ones under construction at last count. You can't blame the Chinese; they need all the energy they can get. They've been building out wind and solar power as fast as they can, but those sources still account for less than 1% of China's power needs. The country has an ambitious nuclear program, but even that won't solve the problem. If China keeps on its current course, by 2030 roughly two-thirds of its power will still come from fossil fuels, mainly coal.尽管对中国空气污染危机的报道连篇累牍，但不为人注意的是，中国国内同时还在建设更多的煤电厂——最新统计显示，目前在建的煤电厂多达363家。

不能因此就指责中国，因为这个国家需要竭尽所能获取能源。

中国一直在以最快的速度建设风力发电站和太阳能发电站，但这些电站所提供的电力不足国内能源需求的1%。