五年级上册英语语法知识汇总

五年级上册英语语法知识汇总(一)

一、名词复数规则

1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds

2．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches

3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families,

strawberry-strawberries

4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives

5．不规则名词复数： man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen,

policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth

fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanes

二、

（一）一般现在时的构成

1. be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如： I am a boy.我是一个男孩。

2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如： We study English.我们学习英语。

当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。

如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。

（二）一般现在时的变化

1. be动词的变化。

否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。

如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。

一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。

如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.

特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike?

2.行为动词的变化。

否定句：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。

如： I don't like bread.

当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。如： He doesn't often play.

一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如： - Do you often play football?

- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.

当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。

如： - Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.

特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work?

动词+s的变化规则

1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks

2．以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches,

go-goes

3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies

三、现在进行时

1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。

2．现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.

3．现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。

4．现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。

5．现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词不达意 + be + 主语 + 动词ing?

但疑问词当主语时其结构为：疑问词不达意 + be + 动词ing?

动词加ing的变化规则

1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking

2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting

3．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping

练习：

1、写出下列各词的复数

I _________him _________this ___________her ______watch _______

child _______photo ________ diary ______day________ foot________

book_______ dress ________tooth_______ sheep ______box_______

strawberry _____thief _______yo-yo ______ peach______

sandwich_____ man______ woman_______ paper_______ juice___________

water________ milk________ rice__________ tea__________

2、写出下列动词的第三人称单数 drink ________ go _______ stay ________

make ________look _________ have_______ carry ____ come________

watch______ plant_______ fly ________ study_______ brush_______

do_________ teach_______ pass_______

3、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。

1.） He often ________(have) dinner at home.

2. ）Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.

3. ）We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.

4. ）Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 4、、写出下列动词的现在分词：

play________ run__________ swim _________make__________go_________

like________ write________ ski___________ read________ have_________ sing

________ dance_________put_________ see________ buy _________

love____________ live_______ take_________ come ________

get_________stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________ 二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：

1. The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.

2. Listen .Some girl’s _______________ (sing) in the classroom.

3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now.

4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now? 5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .

人称代词和物主代词 要点归纳：

一．主格 ( I you he she it we you they )

1. 在句子中可以作主语，放于句首，后接动词。

(1) _______ am a student.

(2) _______ comes from China , but ______ comes from American.

(3) _______ is my aunt.

二．宾格 ( me you him her it us you them )

1. 在句子中可以作宾语，用于句尾，动词之后。

(1) The boy in the photo is _______.

(2) Let ______ to play football.

(3) We often go to visit __________.

2. 在句子中可以作宾语，用于句尾，介词之后。

(1) The pen of ______ is the same with ______.

(2) Come with ________.

(3) The teacher wants you to return that book of ________.

3. 人称代词作表语时,一般用宾格,特别是在日常会话中。

“Who is knocking at the door? ” “It's ________. ” ----“谁在敲门?” ---“是我。”

三．形容词性物主代词 ( my your his her it our your their )

1. 形容词性物主代词一般位于名词前，用作定语，限定该名词的意义。

(1) ______ book is over there.

(2) I ate all ________ sandwiches yesterday.

(3) Tell Tom not to forget _______ book.

四．名词性物主代词 ( mine yours his hers its ours yourrs theirs) 1. 名词性物主代词在句中独立使用，即不后接名词，其句法作用相当于一个 名词,即“形容词性物主代词+名词”。

(1) My bag is bigger than ________. =My bag is bigger than ________ _________.

(2) _______ is a great country. 我们的国家是一个伟大的国家。（用 作主语，一般用于正式文体）

(3) I forgot to bring my dictionary. Could I use _______? 我忘了 带词典，我可以用一下你的吗？（用作动词的宾语）

(4) He wasn’t in my room. He might be in _______. 他（刚才）不在 我的房间。他可能在自己的房间。（用作介词的宾语）

(5) Whose book is this? — It’s _______. 这是谁的书？——是她的。

(6) Jack is a friend of _______. 杰克是我的一个朋友。（用于双重所有格）

2.名词性物主代词用作主语时，谓语动词的数应随所指者的数而定。

(1)Is this pencil _______ or _______? — It’s _______. Hers is in her bag. (Hers =

Her pencil) ---这支铅笔是你的还是她的？——是我的。她的铅笔在她包里。

3．用于of后面。 He visited a friend of _________ yesterday.

一般现在时练习: 一般现在时：表示经常性的事情。

时间状语ofte经常,usuall通常, always总是， every每个, sometimes有时，

at„在几点钟 只有第三人称单数用动词三单，其余动词均用原形

1. We often___________(play) in the playgound.

2. He _________(get) up at six o’clock.

3. __________you _________(brush) your teeth every morning.

4. What _________ (do) he usually (do) after school?

5. _________Danny_________ (study) English,Chinese,Maths,Science and Art in

school.

6. _________Mike sometimes_________ (go) to the park with his sister?

7. At eight at night, she __________(watch) TV with his parents.

8. ________ Mike________(read) English every day?

9. How many lessons________ your classmate________ (have) on Monday?

10. What time_________ his mother_________(do) the housework?

现在进行时练习: 现在进行时：表示现在进行的动作句子结构：be+动词ing

时间状语：now, look, listen，It’s „o clck,

1. What are you _________ (do) now? I ___________ (eat) bread.

2. It’s nine o’clock. My father_______________ (work) in the office.

3.Look, the boy____________(put) the rubbish into the bin.

4.__________he__________(clean) the classroom? No, he isn’t.

He____________(play).

5.Where is Mak? He___________(run) on the grass.

6.Listen, who____________(sing)in the music room?

Oh,Mary_____________(sing) there.