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二硫化钼润滑脂标准
二硫化钼润滑脂是一种高效的润滑材料，广泛应用于机械制造、汽车制造、航空航天等领域。
为了保证二硫化钼润滑脂的品质，制定了一系列的标准。
本文将介绍二硫化钼润滑脂的标准，包括其性能、检测方法、使用要求等方面。
一、性能要求
1. 外观：应为光滑均匀的黑色膏状物。
2. 锥入度：不大于310mm。
3. 滴点：不低于230℃。
4. 氧化安定性：在100℃下，24h内酸值变化不超过
0.5mgKOH/g。
5. 机械稳定性：在60次往返运动后，锥入度变化不超过30%。
6. 腐蚀性：铜片腐蚀等级不高于1级。
7. 防锈性：在96h内，铜片腐蚀等级不高于1级。
二、检测方法
1. 锥入度：按GB/T 269标准测定。
2. 滴点：按GB/T 3498标准测定。
3. 氧化安定性：按SH/T 0325标准测定。
4. 机械稳定性：按GB/T 7321标准测定。
5. 腐蚀性：按GB/T 5018标准测定。
6. 防锈性：按GB/T 7326标准测定。
三、使用要求
1. 在使用前应先清洗润滑部位，并确保其干燥无水。
2. 使用时应均匀涂抹在润滑部位，避免过量使用。
3. 在高温环境下使用时，应注意防止二硫化钼润滑脂炭化。
4. 在低温环境下使用时，应注意防止润滑脂过度硬化，影响润滑效果。
5. 在长期存储时，应存放在干燥、阴凉、通风的地方，避免受潮。
以上就是关于二硫化钼润滑脂标准的介绍。
通过严格执行标准，可以保证二硫化钼润滑脂的品质和性能，提高机械设备的使用寿命和效率。
润滑脂性能测试方法研究润滑脂是一种常用于机械设备中的润滑剂，其性能的好坏直接影响着机械设备的运行效果和寿命。
为了确保润滑剂的质量和性能，科研人员不断探索和改进润滑脂性能测试方法。
本文将就润滑脂性能测试方法进行研究与讨论。
一、黏度测试方法黏度是润滑脂最基本的性能之一，润滑脂的黏度对机械设备的润滑效果有着重要的影响。
目前常用的润滑脂黏度测试方法有多种，如锥板黏度法、均质化仪法和旋转黏度法等。
这些测试方法的原理和操作步骤略有不同，但都能较为准确地测量出润滑脂的黏度。
二、滴点测试方法滴点是润滑脂的另一个重要性能指标，它在高温下测量润滑脂在液态和固态之间的转变点。
滴点测试方法目前主要有两种，即滴点式和滴沥式。
滴点式测试方法是通过将润滑脂样品加热，然后放置在试验设备中，观察其滴下转变为滴沥的温度。
而滴沥式测试方法是通过将润滑脂样品在试验设备中加热、旋转，然后观察其滴沥的温度。
这两种方法都能较为准确地测量出润滑脂的滴点。
三、极压性能测试方法极压性能是润滑脂在极高压力下保持润滑性能的能力。
现有的极压性能测试方法主要有四球法、滚珠法和扭矩法等。
其中，四球法是通过将三个小球加压到润滑脂样品上，然后用第四个大球滚动在小球上，观察润滑脂的极压性能。
滚珠法是通过在机械设备上设置滚珠，然后在一定的条件下测量滚珠的滚动阻力来评估润滑脂的极压性能。
扭矩法是通过在设备上加上一定的扭矩，然后测量润滑脂能承受的最大扭矩来判断其极压性能。
四、抗氧化性能测试方法抗氧化性能是衡量润滑脂长期使用寿命的重要指标之一。
目前常用的抗氧化性能测试方法有旋转氧化安定性测试法（ROT）、氧化安定性试验法和微量热法等。
这些方法均通过模拟润滑脂在高温、高氧环境下的长期使用情况，评估其抗氧化性能。
综上所述，润滑脂性能测试方法的研究对于确保润滑脂质量和性能至关重要。
黏度、滴点、极压性能和抗氧化性能是润滑脂的重要性能指标，并且可以通过相应的测试方法进行准确测量。
润滑脂nlgi标准astm检测方法润滑脂的品质直接影响着机械设备的运行效果和使用寿命，因此正确选择和检测润滑脂至关重要。
在众多润滑脂品牌中，NLGI标准的润滑脂是一种常见的选择。
那么，如何检测这种润滑脂的品质呢？这就需要了解ASTM检测方法。
一、NLGI标准润滑脂简介NLGI标准润滑脂是一种低针入度、高粘度的润滑脂，其针入度为50-150，颜色为黑色。
这种润滑脂通常用于需要高粘性、低磨损的机械设备中，如轴承、齿轮等部位。
它能够有效地减少摩擦和磨损，提高机械设备的运行效率和寿命。
二、ASTM检测方法1. 样品准备：首先，需要准备适量的润滑脂样品，确保其符合NLGI标准。
2. 粘度检测：使用粘度计对润滑脂进行检测，确保其粘度符合要求。
3. 老化测试：将润滑脂样品在规定的环境下进行老化测试，以检测其性能变化。
4. 摩擦试验：进行摩擦试验，比较不同润滑脂在不同条件下的摩擦系数，以确定润滑脂的性能。
5. 耐久性测试：模拟机械设备的使用环境，对润滑脂进行耐久性测试，以评估其在实际使用中的表现。
三、检测过程中的注意事项1. 确保检测环境符合规定，避免环境因素对检测结果的影响。
2. 确保润滑脂样品的质量，避免因样品问题导致检测结果不准确。
3. 在进行摩擦试验时，应使用相同的试验条件和方法，以便于对比和评估。
4. 测试过程中要保持数据的准确记录，以便于分析和评估。
四、检测结果的应用通过以上步骤的检测，可以确定所使用的NLGI标准润滑脂是否符合要求。
如果检测结果符合标准，那么可以放心使用；如果不符合标准，则需要更换合格的润滑脂，以保障机械设备的正常运行。
同时，根据检测结果可以进行必要的调整和优化，以提高机械设备的性能和寿命。
总之，正确的选择和检测润滑脂对于保障机械设备的安全运行至关重要。
通过了解NLGI标准和ASTM检测方法，我们可以更科学地选择和使用润滑脂，提高机械设备的性能和寿命。
润滑剂（润滑油脂）的性能及其测试方法、参考标准润滑剂（润滑油脂）的性能是润滑剂（润滑油脂）的组成及配制工艺的综合体现。
润滑剂（润滑油脂）性能的测试不但在生产上和研究工作上有决定性的意义，而且在生产部分、使用部门对润滑剂（润滑油脂）的选用和检验上也是必不可少的。
实践证明理化性能试验、模拟试验、台架试验，是开发润滑剂（润滑油脂）新品必不可少的步骤：（1）在实验室评价润滑油脂的理化性能。
试验方法必须有代表性、简单和快速。
（2）模拟试验。
将润滑油脂润滑的特定机械部件在标准化的试验条件下（如温度、速度、载荷等）进行试验。
所选用的试验条件尽量能模拟实际使用情况。
（3）台架试验。
将内燃机油在选用的发动机上按标准化条件进行一定时间的运转后评定其性能。
发动机台架试验的结果是判定内燃机油质量等级的依据，对于内燃机油特别重要。
在生产和销售中则以理化试验作为衡量产品性能的主要尺度。
现对润滑剂（润滑油脂）性能及三个测试步骤的内容分述于下。
一、润滑油的性能现代润滑油必备的基本性能，是要保证机械润滑的最低粘度；粘度随温度变化小的高粘度指数；优良的抗氧化性和耐热性；在便用条件下具有良好的流动性优良的抗磨损及润滑性；对氧化产物溶解能力强；对机械无腐蚀和锈蚀；在使用环境下的低挥发性；良好的抗乳化和抗泡性等。
二、理化性能试验理化性能试验简单快速，具有代表性，现在常用的理化性能试验项目为：（1）粘度：是液体流动内摩擦阻力的量度，是评价油品流动性的最基本指标，是各种润滑油分类分级，质量鉴别和确定用途的重要指标。
馏分相同而化学组成不同的润滑油，其粘度不同。
动力粘度:动力粘度是液体在一定剪切应力下流动时内摩擦力的量度，其值为所加于流动液体的剪切应力和剪切速率之比。
国际单位制中以帕•秒表示。
在低温下测定的动力粘度，可以表征油品的低温启动性。
运动粘度:是液体在重力作用下流动时内摩擦力的量度，其值为相同温度下液体的动力粘度与其密度之比，国际单位中以米2/秒表示。
Symbol森博检测服务中心
1 润滑脂滴点检测方法及内容
润滑脂的滴点是考察润滑脂高温状态下的成脂能力.
当然也不是所有的润滑脂都存在滴点的！
锂基脂滴点在180度~200之间
复合锂基脂滴点在260度以上,不到340度
聚脲润滑脂的滴点在250度~300度之间,看配方设计.
而无机稠化剂稠化的润滑脂,如二氧化硅,膨润土等稠化的润滑脂,则无固定的滴点.
检测项目有：
GB/T3498工作锥入度GB/T269延长工作锥入度(10万次) SH/T0189磨斑直径
SH/T0338相似黏度SH/T0109抗水淋性GB/T5018防腐蚀性
下面来看一下按照国家标准来实施的试验流程：
1.调节温度计位置，使浴中的温度计水银球位置与试验试管中温度计的位置高度在一个水平
面上；
2.取试样（不能取表面试样）将试样装满脂杯用刮刀除去多余试样。
从杯底小孔将金属棒插
入，旋转向上伸出，带出试样，将带出试样去除，使脂杯内侧留下厚度可重复的光滑脂膜；
3. 将脂杯和温度计放入试管中，把试管挂在油浴中。
使油面距试管边缘不超过6mm；
4.开启电源开关，搅拌油浴，按4-70C/min的速度升温，直到油浴温度比预期滴点约低170C
的温度。
然后降低加热速度，使试管里的温度与油浴温度差值在20C或低于20C范围内，
继续加热，以1-1.50C/min的速度加热油浴，使其温度差维持在1-20C之间。
当温度继续升
高试样逐渐从脂杯中露出从脂杯中滴出滴1滴流体时，立即记录两个温度计上的温度。
两个温度计读数的平均值即为测试结果；。
Designation:D1743–05a e1An American National Standard Standard Test Method forDetermining Corrosion Preventive Properties of Lubricating Greases1This standard is issued under thefixed designation D1743;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.e1N OTE—Editorially replaced Stoddard solvent with mineral spirits in the test method to match approved change to7.5inDecember2005.1.Scope*1.1This test method covers the determination of the corro-sion preventive properties of greases using grease-lubricated tapered roller bearings stored under wet conditions.This test method is based on CRC Technique L412that shows correla-tions between laboratory results and service for grease lubri-cated aircraft wheel bearings.1.2Apparatus Dimensions—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard.The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3All Other Values—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.4This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents32.1ASTM Standards:D1193Specification for Reagent Water3.Terminology3.1Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1corrosion,n—the chemical or electrochemical reac-tion between a material,usually a metal,and its environment that produces a deterioration of the material and its properties.3.1.1.1Discussion—In this test method,corrosion is mani-fested by red rust or black stains on the bearing race.Stains, through which the underlying metal surface is still visible,are not considered corrosion in Test Method D1743and shall be ignored.4.Summary of Test Method4.1New,cleaned,and lubricated bearings are run under a light thrust load for6063s to distribute the lubricant in a pattern that might be found in service.The bearings are exposed to water,then stored for4860.5h at5261°C(125 62°F)and100%relative humidity.After cleaning,the bearing cups are examined for evidence of corrosion.5.Significance and Use5.1This test method differentiates the relative corrosion-preventive capabilities of lubricating greases under the condi-tions of the test.6.Apparatus6.1Bearings—Timken bearing cone and roller assembly LM11949,and cup LM11910.4,56.2Motor,1750650-rpm speed,1⁄15hp(min).6.3Bearing Holder,consists of a160.10kg weight,upper and lower plastic collars for the bearing cone(Parts A and B),a metal screw,and a plastic collar for the cup(Part C).(See Fig.1.)6.4Plastic Test Jar,as shown in Fig.2.6.5Run-in Stand,as shown in Fig.3.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.G0on Lubricating Grease.Current edition approved July1,2005.Published July2005.Originally approved st previous edition approved in2005as D1743–05.2“Research Technique for Determining Rust-Preventive Properties of Lubricat-ing Greases in the Presence of Free Water,”L-41-957,undated,CoordinatingResearch Council,Inc.,219Perimeter Center Parkway,Atlanta,GA30346.3For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,,or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@.For Annual Book of ASTM Standards volume information,refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.4The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time is The Timken Co.,Canton,OH44706.5If you are aware of alternative suppliers,please provide this information to ASTM International Headquarters.Your comments will receive careful consider-ation at a meeting of the responsible technical committee,1which you may attend.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard. Copyright©ASTM International,100Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA19428-2959,United States.6.6Spindle/Thrust Loading Device ,as shown in Fig.4.(See Table 1for metric equivalents.)6.7Mechanical Grease Packer ,as shown in Fig.5and Fig.6.6.8Pliers,5,6as shown in Fig.7.6.9Syringe ,of at least 100-mL volume and with a needle of at least 16gage and a minimum length of 100mm (4in.).6.10Timer ,capable of measuring a 6063-s interval.6The sole source of supply of the Waldes Truarc Plier No.4modified as in Fig.7known to the committee at this time is TRUARC Company LLC,70East Willow Street,Millburn,NJ07041.KEY DESCRIPTIONQUANTITY1PISTON 12O RING 13WEIGHT14UPPER FLANGE 15LOWER FLANGE161⁄4−2031-1⁄4FILLISTER HD.MACH.SCREW S.S.17O RING18BEARING HOLDER 19PLASTIC JAR 110O RING1FIG.1Bearing HolderAssembly6.11Oven —A laboratory oven,essentially free of vibration,capable of maintaining 5261°C.7.Reagents7.1Purity of Reagents —Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests.Unless otherwise indicated,it is intended that all reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-tee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society,where such specifications are available.7Other grades may be used,provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening the accuracy of the determination.7.2Purity of Water —Unless otherwise indicated,references to water shall be understood to mean reagent water conforming to Specification D 1193,Type III.7.3Isopropyl Alcohol.Warning—Flammable.7.4Solvent Rinse Solution of the following composition by volume:7.4.1Isopropyl Alcohol ,90%.7.4.2Distilled Water ,9%.7.4.3Ammonium Hydroxide ,1%.Warning—Poison.Causes burns.Vapor extremely irritating.Can be fatal if swallowed.Harmful if inhaled.7.5Mineral Spirits ,reagent grade,minimum purity.(Warning—Combustible.Vapor harmful.)8.Standardization of Thrust Loading Device8.1Pack a bearing,install it into the holder and place the assembly into a plastic jar as described in 10.1through 10.4.Place the jar onto the base of the motor drive spindle and center it under the indexing pin of the drive.Lower the drive until the O ring just contacts the 1-kg weight.Run the bottom nut of the depth gage (see Fig.3)down to the stop.Place a 3-mm spacer on top of this nut.Bring the top nut down to the spacer.While holding the top nut in position,remove the spacer and run the bottom nut up and tighten it against the top nut.When the O ring is compressed against the 1-kg weight until the adjustment nut hits the stop,there will be a 29-N load added,giving a total load of 39N on the bearing.(The loads described are provided by the forces of the spring in the thrust loading spindle and sum of the 1-kg weight and spring,respectively.These loads are approximate.The 1-kg weights should be within 0.010kg of their stated values.The thrust loading spindle should be calibrated by some suitable method when it is first put into service,recalibrated periodically,and replaced if its spring does not provide sufficient force to spin the test bearings without slippage during the 60s run to distribute the grease.)Examine the O ring periodically and replace it if it shows any cracks or other signs of deterioration.8.2The thrust loading device should be standardized before use,once per day if used daily,and again if there is reason to believe that the standardization has changed.The thrust load-ing device may be standardized using one of the greases to be tested.9.Preparation of Bearings9.1Examine the test bearings carefully and select only bearings that have outer races (cups)and rollers entirely free of corrosion.During the bearing preparation handle the bearings with tongs or rubber or plastic gloves.Do not touch bearings with the fingers at any time.9.2Wash the selected bearing thoroughly in hot (52to 66°C)mineral spirits,reagent grade (Warning—Combustible.Vapor harmful.)to remove the rust preventive.Wipe the bearing cone and cup with tissue moistened in hot solvent to remove any remaining residue.Rinse the bearing a second time in fresh,hot mineral spirits,reagent grade.N OTE 1—The washing temperatures specified are considerably above the flash point of the mineral spirits,reagent grade.Accordingly,the washing operation should be carried out in a well-ventilated hood where no flames or other ignition sources are present.9.3Transfer the bearing from the mineral spirits,reagent grade to the solvent rinse solution (Warning—Poison.Causes burns.Vapor extremely irritating.Can be fatal if swallowed.Harmful if inhaled.)to remove the mineral spirits,reagent grade and any fingerprints that are present.Then rinse the bearing and slowly rotate in fresh hot (6665°C)solvent rinse solution.N OTE 2—Use fresh rinse solution to avoid the selective evaporation of the components at the rinse temperature.9.4Remove the bearing from the solvent rinse solution and place on filter paper to drain.After draining,dry the bearing in an oven at 7065°C for 15to 30min.7Reagent Chemicals,American Chemical Society Specifications ,American Chemical Society,Washington,DC.For suggestions on the testing of reagents not listed by the American Chemical Society,see Analar Standards for Laboratory Chemicals,BDH Ltd.,Poole,Dorset,U.K.,and the United States Pharmacopeia and National Formulary,U.S.Pharmacopeial Convention,Inc.(USPC),Rockville,MD.Test Jar SpecificationsInner Diameter Range:3.11–3.31in.(79–84mm)Inner Height Range:3.5–4.0in.(89–102mm)FIG.2Plastic TestJarFIG.3Run-in StandDrawingFIG.4Spindle/Thrust Loading Device TABLE1Metric Equivalents for Figs.3and4 Inches Millimetres 1⁄320.79 1⁄8 3.18 5⁄32 3.97 3⁄16 4.76 5⁄327.14 5⁄167.94 3⁄89.53 7⁄1611.11 1⁄212.70 19⁄3215.08 21⁄3216.67 3⁄419.05 125.40 11⁄828.58 13⁄1631.26 11⁄431.75 111⁄3234.131.49537.971.50038.1019⁄1639.69 11⁄444.451.78545.34115⁄1649.211.94649.4327⁄3256.36 21⁄457.15 211⁄3259.53 376.209.5Permit the bearing to cool to room temperature and reexamine surfaces to assure that corrosion-free and free-turning specimens have been selected.(Care should be taken not to spin the bearings after cleaning and drying.)9.6Wash and dry the bearing packer using the same technique as for the preparation of the bearings.10.Procedure10.1With the reservoir of grease packer resting on a clean bench top,and while wearing gloves,place bearing cup with small diameter face down into the recess of the packer.Place the bearing cone over the cup,and while holding the bearing assembly against the packer,lift and invert the whole unit and return it to the bench.10.2Fill the reservoir with the grease sample,and use the plunger to force grease through the bearing.Carefully remove the plunger from the reservoir to avoid sucking air into the bearing,and slide the packer unit over the edge of the bench.While holding the bearing assembly in the packer,invert the unit to its original position on the bench.10.3Using a small square-ended spatula,remove excess grease from the bearing bore and the annulus between the grease packer and outer perimeter of the bearing cup.The bearing is removed from the packer by either use of the pliers or by placing gloved index finger in the bore and lifting out.While holding the bearing,use the spatula to remove excess grease above the cage on both sides of the bearing.This procedure is done to ensure that approximately the same volume of grease is used each time.10.4Using Fig.1as a guide,hold the packed bearing between gloved fingers with large inside diameter of cup downward and insert the small diameter plastic flange on top of the bore,and the larger flange into the bottom of the bore.Slide the bearing assembly onto the 1-kg weight so that the largediameter flange fits into the recess on the top of the weight.Insert the bolt through the assembly and screw the bolt tightly into the weight.Lower the plastic bearing holder (Part 8)over the bearing (the large O ring faces upward).Press down the holder so that the bearing fits squarely into the holder.10.5Invert a plastic jar over the bearing assembly.Slide the two components over the edge of the bench,and with fingers pressing the weight against the inner bottom of the jar,invert the entire assembly.10.6Place the jar onto the base of the motor driven spindle and center under the indexing pin of the drive.Start the motor and bring the drive into the center of the 1-kg weight and load until the nut hits the depth stop.Run for 60s,raise the drive,and allow the bearing to coast to a stop.Extreme care should be taken not to break the contact between the races and rollers at this point and in the following steps.10.6.1At no time during or after the 60s run shall the grease be redistributed or forced back into the bearing.10.7Freshly boil the distilled water for 1065min to remove carbon dioxide and cool to 2565°C.10.8Fill a clean syringe with 10065mL of distilled water from 10.7.With the run-in bearing in the jar,simultaneously start a timer and begin adding the water into the hole provided for this purpose in the bearing holder.Add the 100mL of water within 2063s.When the timer shows 5063s start withdrawing the water.When the timer shows 6063s,complete the withdrawal of 7065mL of water.Leave the remaining 3065mL of water in the jar.Make sure that water does not touch the bearing after 7065mL is withdrawn.It may be difficult to withdraw 7065mL water in 10s using a 16gage needle.A larger needle may be required.10.9Screw the cap on the jar and transfer to a dark oven essentially free from vibration for 48h at 5261°C.N OTE —Tolerances are 0.003in.unless specified otherwise.FIG.5Bearing PackerBrass10.10Prepare three bearings with each grease to be tested.Each group of three bearings is one test.11.Rating Procedure11.1Remove the bearing from the test jar and place the bearing cup in a 50+50mixture by volume of isopropyl alcohol (Warning—Flammable)and mineral spirits,reagent grade (Warning—Combustible.Vapor harmful).The solvent mixture can be heated to facilitate the removal of the grease.Agitate vigorously to remove the grease.Repeat the rinsing using fresh solvent mixture or gently wipe the bearing with a clean cloth or tissue to ensure that traces of grease are removed.11.2Transfer the bearing cup from the solvent and allow to dry on clean filter paper.11.3Examine the cup raceway for evidence of corrosion without the use of magnification (Section 5).Use only a pass or fail rating.Criteria for failure shall be the presence of any corrosion spot 1.0mm or larger in the longest dimension.Ignore the number ofspots.KEY DESCRIPTIONQUANTITY1GREASE PACK PLUNGER 12CYLINDER13LM11900BEARING ASSEMBLY 14STUD 15BASE1FIG.6BearingPacker—Alternative11.3.1Spots that are easily removed by rubbing lightly with soft tissue (alone or wetted with any solvent nonreactive to rust or steel at room temperature)shall not be considered as corrosion in the rating.12.Report12.1The reported result shall be the pass or fail rating as determined by at least two of the three bearings.13.Precision and Bias13.1Due to the nature of the results,the precision of this test method was not obtained in accordance with RR:D02–1007,“Manual on Determining Precision Data for ASTM Methods on Petroleum Products and Lubricants.”13.2Precision —The precision of this test method as deter-mined by statistical examination of interlaboratory results is as follows:13.2.1Repeatability may be judged by the fact that 94%of duplicate results obtained by nine laboratories with six samples were in agreement.13.2.2Reproducibility may be judged by the fact that nine laboratories matched consensus 96%of the time with six samples showing good or poor protection against corrosion.13.3Bias —No statement is made about the bias of this test method since the result merely states whether there is conform-ance to the criteria for success specified in the procedure.14.Keywords14.1bearing;corrosion;lubricating grease;rustAPPENDIXES(Nonmandatory Information)X1.RATIONALEX1.1The current version of Test Method D 1743differs primarily from the older version Test Method D 1743–73(1981)e 2in two major areas.X1.1.1First,the current procedure uses a new run-in stand and bearing holder.This equipment change was designed to reduce the possibility of the bearing rollers and race breaking contact after run-in.When these surfaces break contact,direct water contamination and unrepeatable rusting can occur.X1.1.2Second,the rating procedure was simplified to a pass/fail statement.Instead of relating failure to the number of corrosion spots,the current procedure now defines a failure in terms of one corrosion spot greater than 1.0mm in length.X1.2One disadvantage of the current procedure is thatfewer tests can be run per unit time without purchasing additional bearing holders.X1.2.1The committee felt that the procedure for Test Method D 1743–73should remain available for those labora-tories needing a quicker screening test method.During the round-robin development of the current test method,a limited comparison of the two test methods was made.Although not enough data was collected for a meaningful statistical analysis,the two procedures gave good agreement.X1.3The procedure of D 1743–73modified with the new rating method is incorporated as Appendix X2.It should be noted however,that the current procedure shall be used for refereepurposes.FIG.7Plier to Remove Bearing from GreasePackerX2.ALTERNATE CORROSION TEST PROCEDUREX2.1ScopeX2.1.1This test method covers the determination of the corrosion preventive properties of greases using grease-lubricated tapered roller bearings stored under wet conditions.This test method is based on CRC Technique L 41that shows correlation between laboratory results and service for grease lubricated aircraft wheel bearings.X2.1.2The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.X2.2Referenced Documents X2.2.1See Section 2.X2.3Terminology X2.3.1See Section 3.X2.4Summary of Test MethodX2.4.1Clean new bearings are lubricated,then run under a light thrust load for 6063s so as to distribute the lubricant in a pattern that might be found in service.The bearings are subsequently stored for 4860.5h at 5261°C (12562°F)and 100%relative humidity.After cleaning,the bearing cups are examined for evidence of corrosion.X2.5Significance and Use X2.5.1See Section 5.X2.6ApparatusX2.6.1Bearings ,4,5Timken bearing cone and roller assem-bly and cup.X2.6.2Container ,237-cm 3(8-oz)clear glass jar (85.7mm (33⁄8in.)high,69.8mm (23⁄4in.)in diameter)fitted with a wax-lined screw cap.X2.6.3Bearing Support ,14⁄35to 18⁄38taper glass adapter.5,8X2.6.4Motor ,1750650-r/min speed.X2.6.5Spindle ,No.4rubber stopper drilled and fitted to motor shaft.X2.6.6Thrust Loading Device ,as shown in Fig.X2.1.(See Table X2.1for metric equivalents.)X2.6.7Mechanical Grease Packer ,similar or equivalent to the mechanical bearing packer as shown in Fig.X2.2.(See Table X2.1for metric equivalents.)X2.7ReagentsX2.7.1See Section 7.8The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time is Thomas Scientific Co.,P.O.Box 99,Swedesboro,NJ08085.FIG.X2.1Thrust LoadingDevicesX2.8Standardization of Thrust Loading DeviceX2.8.1Place the handle of the thrust loading device (Fig.X2.1)in a vise with the thrust loading device in an upright position.Place a 2.760.3-kg (660.7-lb)weight on the cup and mark the barrel to identify the proper handle position.X2.9Preparation of BearingsX2.9.1Examine the test bearings carefully and select only bearings which are entirely free of corrosion.During the bearing preparation handle the bearing with tongs.Bearings should not be touched with the fingers at any time.X2.9.2Wash the selected bearing thoroughly in hot (52to 66°C (125to 150°F))Stoddard solvent (Warning—Combustible.Vapor harmful.)to remove the rust preventive.To ensure complete removal of the rust preventive,subject the bearing to a second wash in fresh hot 52to 66°C Stoddard solvent.X2.9.3Transfer the bearing from the Stoddard solvent to the solvent rinse solution to remove the Stoddard solvent and any fingerprints that are present.Then rinse the bearing and slowly rotate in fresh hot (minimum 66°C)solvent rinse solution (Warning—Poison.Causes burns.Vapor extremely irritating.Can be fatal if swallowed.Harmful if inhaled.).X2.9.4Remove the bearing from the solvent rinse solution and place on filter paper to drain.After draining,dry the bearing in an oven at 7065°C (160°F)for 15to 30min.X2.9.5Permit the bearing to cool to room temperature and reexamine surfaces to assure that corrosion-free and free-turning specimens have been selected.(Care should be taken not to spin the bearings after cleaning and drying.)X2.9.6Wash and dry the thrust loading device and bearing packer using the same technique as for the preparation of the bearings.X2.10ProcedureX2.10.1Three new bearings are required for each test.Weigh the bearing (cone and cup assembly)to the nearest 0.1g using clean oil-resistant gloves while handling the bearing.X2.10.2Pack the assembled bearing with the grease sample using a mechanical packer similar or equivalent to the oneshown in Fig.X2.2.Keep the cone and cup assembled for the remaining operations through step X2.10.10.X2.10.3Wipe off the excess grease and place the assembled bearing in the thrust loading device (Fig.X2.1).Lock the bearing in place with the locking screw.X2.10.4Place the bearing cone against the rubber stopper on the motor shaft and apply a thrust load by pushing the handle of the thrust loading device up to the calibration mark on the barrel.X2.10.5Rotate the bearings at 1750650r/min for 1061s,turn off the motor and allow to coast to stop.Remove the bearing from the spindle and loosen the locking screw and push the bearing out of the cup with the rod.X2.10.6By removal of the excess grease and uniform redistribution of the sample,adjust the total quantity of grease on the assembled cone and cup to within 2.160.1cm 3(2.060.1g).Then wipe over the exterior surfaces of the assembled bearing a thin film of grease (about 0.1g).For greases having densities significantly higher than mineral oil based greases,adjust the quantity of the grease to equal 2.160.1cm 3.X2.10.7Place the bearing in the thrust loading device and lock the bearing with the locking screw.Place the bearing cone against the rubber stopper on the motor shaft and apply a thrust load of 26.7N (6lbf)by pushing the handle up to the calibration mark on the barrel.X2.10.8Rotate the bearing at 1750650rpm for 6063s,turn off the motor and allow to coast to stop (see Note X2.1).Remove the bearing from the spindle and loosen the locking screw and push the bearing out of the cup with the rod.Extreme care should be taken not to break the contact between the races and rollers at this point and in the following steps.X2.10.9Place the bearing on the bearing support in such a manner that the weight of the outer race will maintain contact between the races and rolling elements.By means of the bearing support immerse the entire assembly for 1062s into freshly boiled distilled water which has been cooled to 2565°C (use a new supply of water for each bearing).X2.10.10Allowing any water on the bearing to remain,place the assembly in the glass jar to which has been added 561mL of distilled water,tighten the screw cap firmly (Note X2.1)and store in a dark oven,located in an area essentially free from vibration for 4860.5h at 5261°C (12562°F).N OTE X2.1—It is recommended that a tube or rod be attached to the center of the screw cap to drop over or inside the glass adapter or that other suitable means be used to prevent the assembly from sliding to the side of the jar during handling.Any such attachments should not cause rotation of the bearing adapter when tightening the screw cap on the jar.X2.11Rating ProcedureX2.11.1Remove the bearing from the test jar and place the bearing cup in a 50+50mixture by volume of isopropyl alcohol and Stoddard solvent.The solvent mixture can be heated to facilitate the removal of the grease,observing the proper precautions for a flammable mixture.Agitate vigorously to remove the grease.Repeat the rinsing using fresh solvent mixture to ensure that traces of grease are removed.X2.11.2Transfer the bearing cup from the solvent and allow to dry on clean filter paper.TABLE X2.1Metric Equivalents for Figs.X2.1and X2.2in.mm in.mm 0.0010.02511⁄828.60.0030.076113⁄1630.21⁄320.7911⁄431.81⁄16 1.59 1.37334.871⁄8 3.18 1.37534.923⁄16 4.7617⁄1636.57⁄32 5.5615⁄841.31⁄4 6.35 1.936849.195⁄167.94 1.938049.2210⁄327.94161⁄6449.65⁄1210.58250.87⁄1611.1221⁄457.21⁄212.7023⁄860.30.5914.99376.23⁄419.05613⁄161730.812520.6481⁄1620515⁄1623.81X2.11.3Examine the cup raceway for evidence of corrosion without the use of magnification (Section 3).Only a pass or fail rating shall be used.Criteria for failure shall be the presence of any corrosion spot 1.0mm or larger in the longest dimension.The number of spots is ignored (see Note X2.1).X2.12ReportX2.12.1See Section 12.X2.13Precision and BiasX2.13.1No precision in accordance with RR:D02–1007,“Manual on Determining Precision Data for ASTM Methods on Petroleum Products and Lubricants,”was established.X2.13.2Precision —Limited testing conducted in concert with testing done to establish the repeatability and reproduc-ibility precision for the revised procedure indicated that this procedure may have similar precision.X2.13.3Bias —No statement is made about the bias of this test method since the result merely states whether there is conformance to the criteria for success in the procedure.SUMMARY OF CHANGESSubcommittee D02.G0has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue,(D 1743–05),that may impact the use of this standard.(Approved July 1,2005.)(1)Added Fig.2.(2)Deleted Falex equipment footnote.Subcommittee D02.G0has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue,(D 1743–01),that may impact the use of this standard.(Approved June 1,2005.)(1)Deleted Specification D 235from the Referenced Docu-ments and 7.5.(2)Revised 7.5.FIG.X2.2Mechanical BearingPackerCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania 19428, USA Distributed under ASTM license agreement by Shanghai Institute of Standardization (SIS)Addr: 1219, 1227 Changle Rd., Shanghai, 200031. Tel: 86-21-64370807D1743–05a e1ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this ers of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights,and the riskof infringement of such rights,are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed everyfive years andif not revised,either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters.Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee,which you may attend.If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards,at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International,100Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA19428-2959,United States.Individual reprints(single or multiple copies)of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at610-832-9585(phone),610-832-9555(fax),or service@(e-mail);or through the ASTM website().11ASTM International 版权所有, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania 19428, USA由上海市标准化研究院（SIS）根据ASTM授权协议进行销售 地址: 上海市长乐路1219/1227号 邮编: 200031联系。
润滑剂（润滑油脂）的性能及其测试方法、参考标准润滑剂（润滑油脂）的性能是润滑剂（润滑油脂）的组成及配制工艺的综合体现。
润滑剂（润滑油脂）性能的测试不但在生产上和研究工作上有决定性的意义，而且在生产部分、使用部门对润滑剂（润滑油脂）的选用和检验上也是必不可少的。
实践证明理化性能试验、模拟试验、台架试验，是开发润滑剂（润滑油脂）新品必不可少的步骤：(1)在实验室评价润滑油脂的理化性能。
试验方法必须有代表性、简单和快速。
(2)模拟试验。
将润滑油脂润滑的特定机械部件在标准化的试验条件下(如温度、速度、载荷等)进行试验。
所选用的试验条件尽量能模拟实际使用情况。
(3)台架试验。
将内燃机油在选用的发动机上按标准化条件进行一定时间的运转后评定其性能。
发动机台架试验的结果是判定内燃机油质量等级的依据，对于内燃机油特别重要。
在生产和销售中则以理化试验作为衡量产品性能的主要尺度。
现对润滑剂（润滑油脂）性能及三个测试步骤的内容分述于下。
一、润滑油的性能现代润滑油必备的基本性能，是要保证机械润滑的最低粘度;粘度随温度变化小的高粘度指数;优良的抗氧化性和耐热性;在便用条件下具有良好的流动性;优良的抗磨损及润滑性;对氧化产物溶解能力强;对机械无腐蚀和锈蚀;在使用环境下的低挥发性;良好的抗乳化和抗泡性等。
二、理化性能试验理化性能试验简单快速，具有代表性，现在常用的理化性能试验项目为:(1)粘度：是液体流动内摩擦阻力的量度，是评价油品流动性的最基本指标，是各种润滑油分类分级，质量鉴别和确定用途的重要指标。
馏分相同而化学组成不同的润滑油，其粘度不同。
动力粘度:动力粘度是液体在一定剪切应力下流动时内摩擦力的量度，其值为所加于流动液体的剪切应力和剪切速率之比。
国际单位制中以帕.秒表示。
在低温下测定的动力粘度，可以表征油品的低温启动性。
运动粘度:是液体在重力作用下流动时内摩擦力的量度，其值为相同温度下液体的动力粘度与其密度之比，国际单位中以米2/秒表示。
