2011最新版考研英语词汇下载

2011（一）完形 - 笑与情绪 Part1 单词1、impair v.损害；削弱2、sacrifice n.牺牲3、determine v.查明，主语（⼈人或调查）决定，主语（某原因）4、manageable a.可操纵的；可处理理的5、renewable a.可再⽣生的；可延⻓长有效期的6、decrease v.降低increase v.增⻓长7、varnish n.清漆8、apparently ad.似乎（显然地）9、tone n.[僻]肌⾁肉结实10、asthma n.哮喘11、subconscious a.潜意识的12、internal a.体内的，内⼼心的13、exhaust v.筋疲⼒力力尽（+⼈人）（+物，耗尽）14、suppress v.抑制15、jockey n.⻢马骑师16、contract v.[僻]收缩（使动）Part2 短语1、despite sth. to the contrary 尽管有...与此相反claim / evidence / idea / advice statement2、the way = as 引导⽅方式状语从句句eg. the way walking does 就像散步⼀一样3、in turn 轮流：强调顺序相应地：强调因果关系eg. Interest rates were cut and, in turn, share prices rose.利利率下降，相应地，股票就上涨了了。

4、die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐平息5、draw nearer the point of ... 近乎(做某事)6、up to 胜任，取决于，多达7、as for ⾄至于，关于= as to8、not + v. +because 否定转移9、turn to 求助于；使⽤用新东⻄西eg. Many people here are turning to solar power.这的⼈人都开始使⽤用太阳能。

2011（二）完形- 提供网络安全保障的措施更多资料信息联系QQ：3324785561Part1 单词1、anonymity n.匿名，名字不公开2、blessing n.好事，有益之事3、explosion 【僻】n.激增4、cyber-crime n.网络犯罪cyber-czar n.网络总管5、preserve v.保护，维护6、voluntary a.资源的，自动的7、registered a.注册的，登记过的8、navigate v.(在互联网或网站上)导航9、infrastructure n.基础建设10、administration n.(尤指美国)政府11、applaud v.称赞，赞许12、initiative n.倡议，新方案13、compulsory a.(因法律或规则而)必须做的，强制的14、mentality n.心态，思想状况15、envision v.展望，想象Part2 短语1、population explosion 人口急剧增长;explosion of interest 兴趣的陡增2、the International Tennis Federation 国际网球联合会3、a United Nations peace initiative 联合国的和平倡议a government initiative to combat unemployment政府应付失业问题的新方案4、compulsory subject / education 必修科目/义务教育;Text 1 - 外部董事Part1 单词1、compensation n.报酬，薪水2、biased a.有偏见的，结果偏倚的3、weather v.平安渡过(难关)，挨过，经受住4、proxy n.代表权，委托书5、departure n.离开，离去6、subsequently ad.其后，随后，接着7、blow n.打击，意外的灾害，摧毁8、incentive n.动机，鼓励，刺激Part2 短语1、under fire 受到攻击和批评2、bonus payouts 奖金支出3、outside director 外部董事4、for the rest of 余下的...... 间5、by the end of 2009 到2009 年末6、be biased against 对......存偏见7、to weather the recession 挺过萧条期8、a firm’s board 公司董事会9、make one ’ s wealth and reputation成就功名10、a proxy for 是......的代表11、be suggestive of sth 暗示......的12、proxy statement 股东委托书13、deport a board 从董事会离职14、a surprise departure 突然离职15、restate earnings 重申盈利16、federal class-action lawsuit 联邦集体诉讼17、a correlation between ... and ... ......与......之间的联系18、jump off a sinking ship 跳离沉船19、a blow reputations 有损名誉20、be on the board 在董事会任职21、follow the example of 效仿22、on campus 在校园Text 2 - 挣扎求生的美国报业Part1 单词1、recession n.经济衰退，不景气;后退，撤退2、chronicle v.将(某事物)载入编年史;记录3、commission n.委员会，委员4、subsidize v.以津贴补助;以金钱收买;向......发放奖金5、inhabit v.居住;在......出现;填满6、routine n.常规，通常情况7、afloat ad.漂流着的，漂浮不定8、overboard ad.越过船边坠入水中9、revenues n.(复数)总收入10、reliance n.依靠，依赖11、proportion n.比，比率，比例12、stable a.稳定的13、whirlwind n.旋风;猛烈的势力;破坏性的力量或事物14、distinctive a.有特色的，与众不同的;区别的，有鉴别性的15、bureau n.局;(提供某方面信息的)办事处16、savagely ad.野蛮的;残忍的;粗野的17、virtue n.美德;德行;价值;长处Part2 短语1、launch into sth 开始、着手做某事2、flee to the internet 转向互联网3、launch a round of talks 发起一轮讨论4、shrug off 耸肩表示蔑视;抖去;摆脱5、sign of crisis 危机迹象6、return to profit 恢复赢利7、profit margins 利润空间8、all the same 虽......，仍然9、have the nerve 好意思做某事，有胆量做某事10、desperate measures 孤注一掷的措施11、in proportion (大小、数量、程度)按比例地out of proportion 不成比例12、a healthier mix of revenues 更加健康的收益比例13、in reliance on sth 对......依赖14、not surprisingly 毫无疑问15、restate earnings 重申盈利16、the Federal Bureau of Investigation 美国联邦调查局17、by / in virtue of 因为，由于;make a virtue of 将(不乐意的事)变成有利的18、sweep through 掠过，扫过19、film reviewers 电影评论员Text 3 - 简约设计风Part1 单词1、prosperity n.繁荣，兴旺，昌盛2、restraint n.抑制，控制，限制，约束3、stylish a.时髦的，流行的，入时的4、stimulus n.刺激物，刺激因素5、architect n.建筑师，设计师6、signature n.签名,署名;识别标志，鲜明特征7、laminated a.由薄片叠成的,分层的,迭片的8、sophisticated a.复杂的，精致的9、elegant a.优美的，漂亮的，简练的，简洁的10、equivalent n.对等物11、modest a.适度的，适中的，端庄的12、commission v.委任，授予13、aesthetic a.美学的，审美的14、forthright a.直率的，直接的，(观点)明确的15、mechanic n.技工，机修工16、acquire v.获得，取得17、desirable a.令人满意的,值得拥有的,可取的18、inevitable a.不可避免的;必然发生的Part2 短语1、by the millions 数以百万计2、line up 排队3、marriage bureau 婚姻登记处4、when it comes to sth 在某个方面，说到某事5、common sense 常识6、live with 忍受，容忍7、take up posts 就职8、architecture school 建筑学院9、derive from 由......起源;取自10、signature phrase 口头禅11、take granted for 认为......理所当然12、mask the fact 掩盖事实13、rather than 而非14、Chicago’s Lake Shore Drive 芝加哥湖滨大道Gold Coast 黄金海岸15、equivalent of 对应物16、abstract art 抽象艺术17、to delay the inevitable 缓兵之计18、acquire sth as a skill or habit 获得(技能);养成(习惯)Text 4 - 欧盟的危机Part1 单词1、cheerleader n.啦啦队长;(强有力的)支持者2、acute a.尖锐的，严重的3、converge v.(线条、运动的物体等)会于一点;使聚集4、devaluation n.(货币)贬值5、disintegration n.瓦解，崩溃6、stuck a.动不了的，被卡住的，被难住的7、harmonization n.和谐，协调，相称8、quasi-automatic a.准自动的9、sanction n.制裁，处罚10、mega-project n.特大型项目11、suspension n.暂停，悬挂12、ministerial a.内阁的，部长的，行政(上)的13、rigour n.严苛，严酷14、intervene v.介于......之间15、fiscal a.(美)财政上的16、murmur v.咕哝，发牢骚，私下抱怨17、curb v.制止，束缚;限制，抑制18、remarkable ad.引人注目的，明显的，非常的19、liberal a.开明的，自由的20、blunt v.使迟钝21、benign a.温和的，仁慈的，善良的Part2 短语1、a leading cheerleader for 主要支持者2、converge on a place 汇集于一处3、chronic problems 长期性棘手问题4、an acute crisis 一场迫在眉睫的危机5、quick fix 应急措施，权宜之计6、save from 使...... 免遭7、dominate powers 主导力量8、agree on 对......取得一致性意见9、sanction against sth 为制止某事而实施的制裁10、with the full rigour of the law 严格依法办理11、backed by 依靠，在......的支持下12、a small majority 微弱多数13、headed by 由...... 带领的，以......为首的14、intervene in 介入，干预15、fiscal transfers 财政转移16、corporate-tax rates 企业税率17、labour costs 劳动力成本18、write off 毁掉，结束掉;认定......不重要(或无用);忽视19、trading block 贸易集团，贸易区块20、blunt an edge 使边角变钝，磨光新题型- 名医呼吁打压垃圾食品Part1 单词1、figure n.人物2、outlet n.经销店;廉价经销店3、restrict v.限制，限定，约束4、sponsorship n.赞助者的地位; 赞助行为，资助行为5、halt v.使停止;使中断; 阻止6、spiral v.盘旋上升(或下降)，(物价等)不断急剧的上升(或下降)7、diabetes n.<医>糖尿病;多尿症8、Paediatrics n.儿科学，小儿科9、inconceivable a.不能想象的，不可思议的，难以置信的10、courageous a.勇敢的，无畏的，有胆量的11、alarm v. 警告12、campaigner n.竞选者，集会者，社会运动人士13、centerpiece n.中心装饰品14、bold a.勇敢的，无畏的，莽撞的15、inducement n.诱导，诱惑，诱因16、lure v.吸引，引诱17、takeaway n.外卖食品，外卖店18、tactics n.战术，策略，手段19、deploy v.展开，施展，部署Part2 短语1、in respect of 关于，涉及2、product placement 产品植入;植入式广告;置入性行销翻译- 绿色IT的神话Part1 单词1、volume n.量2、emission n.排放，排放物，散发物(尤指气体)Part2 短语1、take a toll on 造成损失(或危害、伤亡)作文1 - 建议信Dear Bob，I' m exceedingly delighted to hear the news that you have just been enrolled by Stanford University. Congratulations! And I am writing to give you several suggestions on preparation for college life.First, compared with high school, there will be more freedom and spare time in Ivory Tower. Accordingly, it is advisable to read extensively in library. It is reading that enables you to build up knowledge and ability. Second, college life is best characterized by a rich variety of activities, which will bring opportunities to show your talents, help you to make more friends and arouse your enthusiasm for life; therefore, it is essential to participate in them.Please consider my sincere advice and make your plan, and I am convinced that your college life will be fruitful and meaningful.Your truly,Zhang Wei译：亲爱的鲍勃：听到你刚被斯坦福大学录取的消息，我非常高兴。

考研英语作文专用词汇教育类词汇文凭 diplomas and certificates考研热 the craze for graduate school study应试教育 the examination—oriented education义务教育 compulsory education复合型人才 interdisciplinary talents文化底蕴 the rich cultural deposits大学生创业 the university students’ innovative undertakings扩招 expand enrollment被授予学位 be granted a an official certificate from高分低能 good scores but low qualities片面追求升学率 place undue emphasis on the proportion of students entering schools of a high er level退学 drop out of the school形成淘汰制度 frame an elimination system教书育人 impart knowledge and educate people因材施教 teach students according to their aptitude德才兼备 possess political integrity and professional ability品学兼优 be a students of fine qualities and fine scholar提高学生身心素质 improve the health and psychological quality适应社会的改变 adjust to the social changes quickly满足社会的急需 meet the urgent need of the society保护知识产权 protect the intellectual property才疏学浅 be wanting in ability and shallow in knowledge努力获得精神文明 make efforts to seek cultural and ideological progress减轻负担 reduce the heavy burdens更加有意义和丰富的生活 a more vigorous， colorful and dynamic life工作类词汇崇高职业 noble career白领工作 white-collar workers跳槽 job-hopping试用期 probationary period人才流动和双向选择 talent flow and a dual-way selection自由职业 freelance work拜金主义 money worship获得名利 achieve fame and wealth充分发挥个人的潜力 develop fully one's potential and creativity实干精神 steadfast and earnest in one’s work工作出色 excel in one's work无忧无虑 be care—free社会和个人的尊重 social and personal esteem生计问题 a bread and butter issue生活补助 living subsidies人才交流 talents exchange培养人才 cultivate talents推荐人才 recommend the virtuous and able人才外流 brain drain优化产业结构 optimize the structure精简人员 cut off the overstaffed offices提高综合素质 improve the comprehensive quality解决劳动就业问题tackle the problem of labor force utilization砸掉大锅饭 shatter the convention of iron bowl坚持改革 be persistent in the reform progress造成失业问题 bring about the unemployment problem下岗人员 the laid-off workers自谋生路 be self-employed给出优惠政策 give preferential treatment享受失业救济金 enjoy unemployment pension需要安全感和生活保障 need a sense of security and guarantee of life劳动力短缺 shortage of manpower提高文化，智慧，品质修养 enhance their cultural and moral quality商业类词汇服务行业 service trade家用电器 household electrical appliances物美价廉 with low price and high quality售后服务 after—sale service旺季 during peak selling seasons销售渠道 distribution channel商标冒用 trade—mark infringement稳定物价 stabilize the commodity prices加强品牌效应 strengthen the brand effect提高购买力 raise the purchasing power保持市场的良好的秩序 keep to market in good order适销对路 be good for sale脱销 out of stock刺激购买欲 stimulate the desire to buy促销 promote sales超前消费 premature consumption有效期 term of validity零售价 retail price批发价 whole price紧俏商品 commodities in short supply假冒伪劣 forged and fake commodities工业类词汇产业结构升级 upgrade the structure of industry外向型经济：export-oriented economy企业凝聚力 the cohesive force in enterprise亏损企业 enterprise in the red创收 generate profits精简开支 cut down the outlay扭转局面 reverse the tide有外需 have a potential in overseas market医药健康词汇杀虫剂 pesticide卫生环境 sanitary environment营养不良 malnourished传染病 infectious disease呼吸疾病 respiratory disease建设卫生城市 hygienic city政治经济词汇立法会议 legislative sessions行政处罚 administrative penalty司法部门 enforcement apartment侵犯个人隐私 invasion of privacy修改宪法 revise the constitution假账 deceptive accounting漏税 tax evasion刑事诉讼 criminal proceeding行贿和受贿 take and offer bribes要求索赔 claim compensation目无法规 defy the law and social disciplines法律监督 function as a legal supervisor扰乱治安 disturb the social order建立奖励和制约机制 establish a incentive and disincentive system物质和精神文明建设 material and ideological progress精简机构 streamline government organs集思广益 pool ones wisdom扩大内需 expand the domestic demand环境保护类单词沙尘暴 Sand/dust storms生态失衡 Disruption of ecological balance温室效应 Greenhouse effect全球变暖 Global warming淡水资源短缺 Shortage of fresh water环境意识 Environmental awareness生态系统 Ecosystem市场类单词国有企业 state-owned enterprise私人企业 private enterprise市场 monopolize the market偷税漏税 tax evasion跨国集团 multinational corporation贸易制裁 trade sanction贸易壁垒 trade barriers全球经济一体化 integration with the global economy西部大开发 Go-West Campaign中国加入WTO China's entry into WTO乱摊派乱收费 imposition of arbitrary quotas and service charge 考研英语作文经常遇到的中国特色词汇中华民族的喜庆节日（Chinese Festival）国庆节National Day中秋节Mia-Autumn Festival春节Spring Festival元宵节Lantern Festival台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分。

历年考研英语的高频单词（3～13次）历年考研英语的高频单词（2次）2011年考研大纲词汇AA,anart.一(个);任何一个;每,每一件abandonv.放弃;抛弃abidev.(by)坚持,遵守abilityn.能力,智能;才能,才干ablea.有能力的,能干的,显示出才华的able to inf. 能,会abnormala.反常的,不正常的aboardad.在船(飞机,车)上,上船（飞机,车）prep.在（船,飞机,车）上,上（船,飞机,车）abolishv.废除,取消aboutad.在周围,附近,到处;大约,差不多prep.关于,对于;在…周围,在…附近a.准备be about to+inf.即将aboveprep.在…上面,超过,高于a.上面的,上述的ad.在上面,以上above all首要,尤其abroadad.到国外,在国外;到处abrupta.突然的,意外的;(举止,言谈等)唐突的,鲁莽的absencen.缺席,不在场;缺乏,没有absenta.(from)缺席,不在场;缺乏的漫不经心的absolutea.绝对的,完全的absorbv.吸收;吸收,使专心be absorbed in专心于absorptionn.吸收abstracta.抽象的n.摘要,提要v.提(抽取)absurda.荒唐的abundancen.丰富,充裕abundanta.(in)丰富的,充分的,充裕的abusev./n.滥用;虐待;谩骂academica.学院的;学术的academyn.学院acceleratev.加快,促进accelerationn.加速(度)accentn.腔调,口音;重音(符号)acceptv.接受,认可;同意,认可acceptablea.可接受的acceptancen.接受,验收;承认,认可accessn.接近,进入;入口,通道,入口;接近（或进入）的方法have/gain access to可以获得accessoryn.附件,配件a.附属的accidentn.事故;意外的事,偶然的事by accident偶然accidentala. 偶然的,意外的accommodatev.留宿,收容;供应,供给accommodation(s)n.住宿,留宿;膳宿供应accompanyv.陪同,伴随;为…伴奏accomplishv.完成accordancen.一致in accordance with与…一致according to按照,根据accordinglyad.因此,从而,相应地,照着（办）accountn.账（目,户）;叙述,说明v.说明,解释account for说明（原因等）on account of因为,由于take …into account考虑accumulatev.积累,积蓄,堆积accuracyn.准确,准确度accuratea.精确的,准确的accusev.（of）控告,谴责accustomv.（to）使习惯accustomeda.惯常的,习惯的be accustomed to习惯于achev.痛n.疼痛,酸痛achievev.完成;达到,达成,获得acidn.酸a.酸的acknowledgev.承认;致谢acquaintv.(sb.with)使认识,使了解acquaintancen.熟人,相识acquirev.取得,获得;学到acquisitionn.获得,获得物acren.英亩acrossprep.横过,穿过;在...对面,与...交叉ad.横过,穿过,横断;宽,阔actv.行动,做事;(on)起作用;表演n.行为,动作;(一)幕;法令,条例actionn.行动,行为;动作,活动;(on)作用activatev.使活动,起动activea.有活力的,活跃的,敏捷的,在活动中的activityn.活动;活性,活力actorn.男演员actressn.女演员actuala.实际的,现实的acutea.敏锐的,尖锐的;(疾病)急性的AD/A.D. n.公元ad=advertisementn.广告adaptv.(to)(使)适应,适合;改编,改写adaptationn.改编;适应addv.(to)加,增加;补充说,又说add up to合计,总计additionn.(增)加,加法;附加(物)in addition另外in addition to除...之外additionala.附加的,另外的,额外的addressn.地址,通讯处,致词v.致函,写姓名地址;向...讲话adequatea.足够的,充分的,恰当的adherev.(to)粘附,胶着;坚持adjacenta.(to)邻近的,毗连的adjectiven./a.形容词(的)adjoinv.毗连,靠近adjustv.调节,调整,校正administrate/administerv.掌管,料理...的事务;实施,执行;给予,投(药) administrationn.管理,经营;行政(机关,部门);政府admirationn.钦佩,赞美admirev.钦佩,赞赏,羡慕admissionn.允许进入,接纳,收容;承认admitv.让...进入,接纳;承认adolescentn.青少年a.青春期的,青少年的adoptv.采用,采纳,通过;收养adoptionn.采用,采纳,通过;收养adultn.成(年)人a.成年人的,已成熟的advancev.前进,进展;推进,促进;提出(建议等);提前n.前进,进展;预付,预支in advance提前,预先advanceda. 高级的,先进的,前进的advantagen.优点,长处,有利条件;利益,好处gain/have an advantage over胜过,优于take advantage of利用advantageousa.有利的adventuren.冒险,冒险活动;奇遇adverbn.副词advertisev.做广告advicen.劝告,忠告,(医生等的)意见advisablen.可取的,适当的advisev.劝告,忠告;建议;通知advocaten.提倡者,鼓吹者v.提倡,鼓吹aeriala.空中的,航空的n.天线aeroplane/airplanen.飞机aerospacen.太空,宇宙空间aesthetic/esthetica.美学的,艺术的;审美的affairn.事,事情,事件affectv.影响;感动affectionn.爱,慈爱,感情;影响affiliatev.使隶属(或附属)于n.附属机构,分公司affirmv.断言,肯定affirmativea.肯定的affordv.担负得起,买得起,花得起(时间);供给,给予afraida.(of)怕,害怕的;恐怕,担心的African.非洲Africana.非洲(人)的n.非洲人afterprep.在…以后,在...后面conj.在...后ad.以后,后来afternoonn.下午,午后afterward(s)ad.后来,以后againad.又,再(次),重新againstprep.对(着),逆;反对;违反;靠近,倚在;对比agen.年龄;时期,时代v.变老,老化agencyn.代理(处),代办处agendan.议事日程agentn.代理商(人),代表aggravatev.恶化,加重,加剧aggressivea.侵略的,好斗的;敢作敢为的,有进取心的agitatev.鼓动,搅动;搅拌agoad.以前,...前agonyn.苦恼,痛苦agreev.(to,with)同意,赞成;一致,适合agreeablea.惬意的,令人愉快的;易相处的;同意的agreementn.同意,一致;协定,协议agriculturala.农业的agriculturen.农业aheadad.在前,向前,提前,前头ahead of在...前面,先于aidv.援助,救援,帮助n.援助,救护;助手,辅助物,辅助设备aimv.(at)目的在于,旨在;瞄准,针对n.目标,目的airn.空气,大气,天空;神气,架子v.使通风in the air在流行中,在传播中aircraftn.航空器,飞机airlinen.航线;航空公司airmailn.航空邮件,航空邮政airplane/aeroplanen.飞机airportn.机场,航空站alarmn.警报;惊恐,惊慌v.使惊恐,惊动,惊吓;向...报警alcoholn.酒精,乙醇alerta.警惕的;机灵的alienn.外侨;外星人a.外国的;(from)相异的;(to)不相容的alikea.相同的,想像的alivea.活着着;活跃的,热闹的alla.所有的,全部的pron.一切,全部ad.完全,都,十分above all首要,尤其after all终于,毕竟;虽然这样all but几乎,差一点;除...之外其余都all out全力以赴,竭尽全力all over遍及,到处all right行,可以;顺利,良好at all完全,根本in all总共,共计not at all一点也不allegev.断言,宣称alleviatev.减轻,缓解,缓和alliancen.结盟,联盟;联姻in alliance with与...联盟allieda.联合的,同盟的allocatev.分配,分派,把...拨给allowv.允许,准许;承认;让...得到allow for考虑到allowancen.津贴,补助(费)make allowance(s) for考虑到,顾及;体谅,原谅alloyn.合金allyn.同盟国,同盟者;支持者v.(with)使结盟almostad.几乎,差不多alonea.单独,独立,独一无二的ad.仅仅,只;单独地,独自leave/let...alone听其自然,不要去管let alone更不用说alongprep.沿着ad.向前along with与...一起alongsideprep.在…旁边,横靠,与...并肩ad.并排地,并肩地aloudad.出声地,大声地alphabetn.字母表alreadyad.已,已经alsoad.也,同样;而且,还not only...but also不但...而且alterv.改变,变更alterationn.改变,变更alternatea.交替的,轮流的v.交替,轮流alternativea.两者挑一的n.可供选择的事物,替换物,选择对象althoughconj.尽管,虽然,即使altituden.高度,海拔altogetherad.完全,全部地;总共;总之aluminum/aluminiumn.铝alwaysad.永远,始终;总是,一直AM/A.M./a.m.上午amateura.业余的n.业余(活动)爱好者amazev.使惊奇,使惊愕,使惊叹ambassadorn.大使ambiguousa.模棱两可的ambitionn.雄心,野心ambitiousa.有雄心的,野心勃勃的ambulancen.救护车amendv.修改,修正American.美洲;美国Americana.美洲(人)的;美国(人)的n.美国人;美国人among(st)prep.在…之中,在...中间amountn.数量,总额v.(to)合计,总共达,等于amperen.安培amplea.充分的,富裕的;宽敞的,宽大的amplifiern.放大器,扩音机amplifyv.放大,增强amusev.逗...笑,给...以娱乐(消遣) amusementn.娱乐,消遣;娱乐活动analog/analoguen.类似物;模拟analogyn.比拟,类比by analogy用类推的方法analysisn.分析,分解analytic(al)a.分析的,分解的analyze/analysev.分析,分解ancestorn.祖宗,祖先anchorn.锚v.抛锚,停泊ancienta.古代的,古老的andconj.和,与,而且;那么;接连,又angeln.天使angern.(愤)怒,气愤v.使发怒,激怒anglen.角;角度,方面,观点angrya.愤怒的;生气的;(风雨等)狂暴的animaln.动物,野兽,牲畜a.动物的,野兽的anklen.踝anniversaryn.周年(纪念日)announcev.宣布,发表,通行;报告...的来到announcern.播音员,报幕员annoyv.使恼怒,使生气,打搅annuala.每年的,年度的n.年刊,年鉴anonymousa.匿名的;无名的;无特色的anothera.另一,再一;别的,不同的pron.另一个,类似的一个one after another一个接一个one another互相answerv.回答,答复,响应;(for)负责,保证;(to)符合,适合n.回答,答复,答案antn.蚂蚁antarctica.南极(区)的n.[the Antarctic]南极洲,南极(圈)antennan.天线anticipatev.预期,预料,预感,期望anxietyn.挂念,焦虑,焦急,忧虑;渴望,热望anxiousa.(about)忧虑的,担心的,焦急的;渴望的anya.[否定,疑问,条件句中]什么,一些;任何的,任一的pron.无论哪个,无论哪些;一个,一些ad.稍,丝毫anybodypron.任何人,无论谁;重要人物anyhowad.不管怎样,无论如何;不论用何种办法anyone=anybodypron.任何人,无论谁anythingpron.无论什么事(物),一切;什么事(物),任何事(物)anything but除...以外任何事(物),根本不anyway=anyhowad.无论如何anywheread.在什么地方,无论哪里apartad.撇开;分开,分离;相距,相隔apart from除去apartmentn.[英]房间,套间;[美]公寓apologize/apologisev.(to,for)道歉,认错apologyn.道歉,歉意,认错apparatusn.器械,设备,仪器,装置apparenta.(to)明显的,显而易见的;表面的,貌似的appealv.(to)呼吁,要求;对...有吸引力;申述,上诉n.(to)呼吁,要求;吸引力;申诉,上诉appearv.出现,显露;出场,问世;来到;好像是,仿佛appearancen.出现,出场,露面;外表,外貌,外观appendixn.附录,附属物appetiten.食欲,胃口;欲望,爱好,要求applaudv.喝彩,欢呼,鼓掌,称赞applausen.鼓掌欢迎,欢呼applen.苹果(树)appliancen.用具,器具applicablea.(to)能应用的,适用的applicationn.请求,申请(书,表);应用,运用;施用,敷用applyv.(for)申请,请求;(to)适用,应用,运用appointv.任命,委任;约定,指定appointmentn.任命,委任;约定,指定appraisaln.估计,估量;评价appreciablea.可以察觉的,可估计的appreciatev.感谢,感激;正确评价,欣赏,赏识apprehensionn.忧虑,担心,疑惧;理解,领悟approachv.靠近,接近,邻近n.方法,途径;探讨appropriatea.(to)适当的,恰如其分的approvaln.赞成,同意;认可,批准approvev.(of)赞成,满意,同意;批准,审定,通过approximatelyad.近似地,大约Apriln.四月apta.恰当的,适宜的;(习性)易于...的,有...倾向的Arabiann.阿拉伯人a.阿拉伯(人)的arbitrarya.任意的,专断的archn.拱门,弓形结构,桥拱洞v.拱起,(使)变成弓形architectn.建筑师architecturen.建筑(式样,风格);建筑学arctica.北极(区)的n.[the Arctic]北极,北极圈arean.面积;地区,区域;范围,领域arguev.争论,辩论;主张,论证;说服argumentn.争论,辨认;论据,论点arisev.出现,发生;(from)由…引起,由...产生arithmeticn.算术armn.(手)臂,臂状物;扶手,衣袖;[pl.][总称]武器,武装v.武装,装备armyn.军(队),陆军;大群aroundad.各处,到处;周围,在附近;大约prep.在...周围,在...附近,在...各地arousev.唤醒,唤起;激起,引起arrangev.整理,排列,布置;安排,筹备arrayn.一系列,大量;排列v.排列arrestv./n.逮捕,拘留arrivaln.到来,到达;到达的人或物arrivev.到达,来到arrive at达到,得出arrown.箭;箭头(符号),箭状物artn.艺术,美术;技术,技艺;[pl.]文科,人文学科articlen.文章,论文;物品,商品;项目,条款;冠词articulatea.善于表达的,口齿清晰的v.明确有力地表达artificiala.人工的,人造的;人为的,娇揉造作的artistn.艺术家,美术家artistica.艺术(家)的,美术(家)的asad.一样,同样conj.像...一样;由于;正当;以致;虽然,尽管prep.作为,如同as...as像...一样as for至于,就...方面说as if好像,仿佛as though好像,仿佛as to至于,关于as well也,又as well as(除...之外)也,既...又not as/so...as不如...那样ascendv.攀登,上升ascertainv.查明,弄清,确定ashn.灰(烬)ashameda.(of)羞耻,惭愧,害臊ashoread.在岸上,上岸Asian.亚洲Asiana.亚洲(人)的n.亚洲人asidead.在旁边,到旁边aside from除...以外askv.(询)问;请求,要求;(邀)请,约请ask after询问,问候ask for请求,要求asleepa.睡着的aspectn.样子,外表,面貌;(问题等的)方面assaultv./n.袭击,攻击assemblev.集合,集会,会议;装配assemblyn.集合,集会,会议;装配assertv.断言,宣称assessv.估价,评价assignv.分配,委派;指定(时间,地点等)assignmentn.分配,委派;任务,(课外)作业assimilatev.(被)吸收,(被)消化;(使或被)同化assistv.帮助,援助,协助assistancen.帮助,援助assistantn.助手,助教a.辅助的,助理的associatev.(with)使联系,使联合;交往,结合n.合作人,伙伴,同事,同行a.副的associationn.协会,团体;联合,联系,交往;联想assumev.假装;假定,设想;采取,承担;呈现assumptionn.假定,设想;采取;承担assurancen.确保,断言;保证,担保assurev.使确信,使放心;保证,担保astonishv.使惊讶,使吃惊astronautn.宇航员astronomyn.天文学atprep.[表示地点,位置,场合]在,于,到...处;[表示时刻,时节,年龄]在...时,当;[表示目标,方向]对着,向;[表示速度,价格等]以,在...方面athleten.运动员Atlantica.大西洋的n.[the Atlantic]大西洋atmospheren.大气(层);空气;气氛,环境;大气压(压力单位) atmospherica.大气的,空气的atomn.原子;微粒,微量attachv.(to)缚上,系上,贴上;使依附,使隶属,使依恋attached to附属于,隶属于attackv./n.攻击,进攻,抨击;着手,开始n.(病)发作attainv.达到,获得attemptv.尝试,试图n.(at)企图,努力attendv.出席,参加;(to)照顾,护理attendancen.到场,出席attendantn.服务员,值班员;护理人员attentionn.注意(力),留心;立正pay attentin to注意attentivea.注意的,留神的attituden.(to,towards)态度,看法;姿势attorneyn.律师attractv.吸引,招引,引诱,引起(注意等)attractivea.有吸引力的,引起兴趣的,动人的attributen.属性,品质,特征v.(to)把…归于;认为...是...所为audiencen.听众,观众,读者;谒见,会见augmentv.扩大,增加,提高Augustn.八月auntn.伯母,婶母,姑母,舅母,姨母aural a.听觉的Australian.澳大利亚,澳洲Australiana.澳洲的;澳大利亚(人)的n.澳大利亚人authorn.作者;创始人authorityn.权力,威信,权威;权威者,有权威性的典籍;[pl.]当局,官方auton.汽车automaticn.自动机构a.自动的,无意识的,机械的automationn.自动(化)automobilen.汽车autumnn.秋(季)auxiliarya.辅助的,补助的availn.[一般用于否定句或疑问句中]效用,利益,帮助v.有用于,有助于avail (oneself) of利用of/to no avail不起作用,没有用availablea.可用的,可得到的;可以见到的,随时可来的avenuen.林荫道,大街;途径,手段averagen.平均(数)a.平均的;通常的,一般的v.平均,均分on (the/an) average平均,一般说来avertv.防止,避免;转移(目光,注意力等)aviationn.航空,飞行avoidv.避免,回避,逃避awaitv.等候,期待awakea.醒着的,警觉的v.唤醒,唤起;醒,觉醒,醒悟到,认识到awardn.奖(品)v.授予,奖给awarea.(of)知道的,意识到的awayad.离开,远离;…去,...掉;不断...下去right away立即,马上awfula.极度的,极坏的,糟糕的;威严的,可怕的ad.十分,极度地awfullyad.非常,很awkwarda.笨拙的,不灵活的;棘手的,尴尬的;使用不便的ax/axen.斧(子)axisn.轴(线);构图中心线Bbabyn.婴儿,孩子bachelorn.单身汉;[亦作B-]学士(学位)backn.背(面),后面a.后面的ad.在后,向后;回,回复;以前v.后退;支持back and forth来回,往返,来来往往地back down/off放弃,让步,退却back of在...后部,在...背部back up支持,援助;倒退,后退backgroundn.背景,经历backwarda.向后的,倒行的,落后的;迟钝的ad.(also backwards)向后,朝反方向baconn.咸肉,熏肉bacterium([pl.]bacteria)n.细菌bada.坏的,恶的,错的;低劣的,拙劣的;不舒服的,病的;腐败的;严重的badgen.徽章badlyad.坏,恶劣地;严重地,非常,厉害地badmintonn.羽毛球bagn.袋,包baggagen.行李bakev.烤,烘,焙;烧硬,焙干bakeryn.面包房balance v.称,(使)平衡n.天平,称;平衡,均衡;差额,结余,余款balda.秃的,秃头的balln.球,球状物;舞会balloonn.气球banv.取缔,查禁;(from)禁止n.禁止,禁令bananan.香蕉bandn.条,带;乐队;波段;一群,一伙v.缚,绑扎bandagen.绷带v.用绷带扎缚bangn.砰砰的声音;猛击,猛撞v.砰地关上,猛撞,猛击bankn.岸,堤;银行,库v.存入银行bankrupta.破产的bankruptcyn.破产v.使破产bannern.旗(帜)barn.条,杆,棒,棍,闩;酒吧,餐柜;栅,栏,障碍(物) v.闩上,阻拦,拦住,妨碍barbern.理发师barea.赤裸的,光秃的,空的;稀少的,仅有的v.露出,暴露barelyad.赤裸裸地,无遮蔽地;仅仅,勉强,几乎没有bargainn.廉价货;交易,契约,合同v.议价,成交barkv.吠叫,咆哮n.吠声,狗叫声barnn.谷仓,仓库barreln.桶;枪管,炮管barriern.栅栏,屏障;障碍(物)basen.基础,底部;基地,根据地v.(on)把...基于,以...为根据baseballn.棒球basementn.建筑物的底部,地下室,地窖basica.基本的,基础的basinn.盆,脸盆;内海,盆地basisn.基础,根据on the basis of根据,在...的基础上basketn.篮(子),篓basketballn.篮球batn.球拍,球棒,短棒;蝙蝠batchn.一批,一组,一群bathn.沐浴,洗澡;浴室(池,盆)v.(给...)洗澡bathev.游泳,洗澡,浸,弄湿bathroomn.浴室;盥洗室,卫生间batteryn.电池(组);炮兵连,炮组battlen.战役,战斗;斗争v.战斗,斗争,搏斗bayn.海湾,(港)湾BC/B.C.公元前bev.(就)是,等于;(存)在;到达,来到,发生beachn.海滩,湖滩,河滩beamn.(横)梁,桁条;(光线的)束,柱v.微笑;发光beann.豆;菜豆,蚕豆bearn.熊v.忍受,容忍;负担,负荷;结果实,生子女beardn.胡须beastn.兽,牲畜;凶残的人,举止粗鲁的人beatn.敲打,敲击声,节拍;(心脏等)跳动,搏动v.打,敲;打败,战胜;(心脏等)跳动,搏动beautifula.美(好)的beautyn.美(丽);美人,美丽的东西becauseconj.因为because of由于,因为becomev.成为,变得;适宜,同...相称bedn.床(位);苗床,圃,花坛;河床,矿床,海底bedroomn.卧室been.(蜜)蜂beefn.牛肉beern.啤酒beforeprep.在…以前;在...前面,当着...的面conj.在...之前ad.前面,从前,早些时候beforehandad.预先,事先begv.乞求,乞讨;请求,恳求beginv.开始begin with从...开始beginnern.初学者beginningn.开始,开端behalfn.利益on behalf of代表,为了behavev.举止,举动,表现;运转,开动behavior/behaviourn.行为,举止;(机器的)特性behindprep.在…后面,落后于ad.在后,向后,落后beingn.生物,人;存在,生存beliefn.信仰,信条;相信,信念believev.(in)相信,信仰;认为make believe假装belln.钟,铃belongv.(to)属于,附属,隶属;应归入(类别,范畴等) beloveda./n.受爱戴的,敬爱的;爱人,被心爱的人belowprep.在...下面,在...以下ad.在下面,向下beltn.(皮)带,腰带;地带benchn.长凳,条凳;(工作)台,座bendv.(使)弯曲;屈从,屈服n.弯曲(处),曲折处beneathprep.在…下边,在...之下ad.在下方beneficiala.(to)有利的,有益的benefitn.利益,好处,恩惠v.有益于;(from,by)受益benta.弯曲的berryn.浆果besideprep.在…旁边,在...附近;与...相比besidesprep.除...之外ad.而且,还有besta.最好的ad.最,最好(地)at (the) best充其量,至多do/try one’s best (to+inf.)尽力,努力get the best of胜过make the best of充分利用,妥善处理betv.赌,打赌n.打赌,赌注betrayv.背叛,出卖;暴露,流露,泄露bettera.较好的,更好的ad.更好(地)v.改良,改善n.较佳者,较优者for the better好转,改善get the betterr of占上风,胜过had better最好还是,应该betweenprep.在(两者)之间ad.当中,中间bewarev.当心,谨防bewilderv.使迷惑,难住beyondprep.在(或向)...的那边,远于;迟于;超出ad.在那边,在远处biasn./v.(使有)偏见,偏心,偏袒Biblen.圣经bicyclen.自行车bidv.祝愿;命令,吩咐;报价,投标n.出众,投标biga.大的,巨大的;重大的,重要的biken.自行车billn.账单;招贴,广告;单子,清单,(人员,职称等的)表;钞票billionnum./n.[美]十亿,[英]万亿bindv.捆,绑,包括,束缚biographyn.传记biologyn.生物学birdn.鸟,禽birthn.出生,分娩;出身,血统biscuitn.饼干,点心bitn.一点,一片,一些bitev./n.咬,叮n.一口bittera.(有)苦(味)的;痛苦的,厉害的blacka.黑(色)的,黑暗的n.黑人,黑色blackboardn.黑板blamev.责备;怪,怨,把…归咎于n.责任,过错;责备blanka.空白的,空着的;失色的,无表情的n.空白;表格blanketn.毛毯,毯子blastn.一阵(风),一股(气流);爆炸冲击波;管乐器或汽笛声v.爆炸,爆破blazen.火焰;火光;闪光,光辉v.燃烧,冒火焰bleaka.荒凉的;冷酷的;没有希望的bleedv.出血,流血blendn.混合(物)v.混和,混杂blessv.祝福,保佑blessingn.祈祷,祝福blinda.瞎的;盲目的v.使失明;蒙蔽n.百叶窗blockn.大块木料(或石料,金属);一排房屋,街区;阻塞v.阻塞,拦阻,封锁bloodn.血(液);血统,宗族,门第;血气,气质bloodya.流血的,血腥的bloomn.花(朵);开花(期)v.开花blossomn.花v.开花blowv.吹(气),充气,打气;吹响(乐器,号角等),吹风;爆炸,爆裂n.打,殴打,一击,打击bluea.(天)蓝色的,青的;伤心的,沮丧的,忧郁的n.蓝色blunderv.(因无知,粗心等而)犯大错;踉踉跄跄地走n.大错blunta.率直的;钝的v.(使)钝;(使)迟钝blushv./n.脸红boardn.板,木板,纸板;全体委员,委员会,部门;伙食;船舷v.上船(车,飞机)on board在船(车,飞机)上boastv.(of,about)自夸,夸耀n.自夸,大话boatn.小船,艇bodyn.身体,躯体,本体;主体;尸体;物体;(一)群,批,堆boilv.(使)沸腾,煮(沸)boilern.锅炉;煮器(壶,锅等)bolda.大胆的,勇敢的;冒失的;黑体的,粗体的boltn.螺栓,(门,窗的)插销v.闩(门),关窗,拴住bombn.炸弹v.投弹于,轰炸bondn.结合(物),粘结(剂),联结;公债,债券,契约bonen.骨(骼)bonusn.奖金,红利bookn.书(籍);卷,篇,册v.预定,订(票,房间等)boomv.迅速发展,兴旺;发出隆隆声bootn.(长统)靴boothn.电话亭,货摊bordern.边界,国界;边(沿)v.交界,与...接壤;接近borev.钻(孔),挖(洞),打眼,钻探;烦扰,使厌烦n.讨厌的人,麻烦事borna.出身于...的,天生的,生来的borrowv.借(用)bosomn.(心)胸bossn.工头,老板,上司v.指挥,支配,发号施令bothpron.二者,双方a.两,双both...and既...又...,两个都botherv.打扰,烦扰;烦恼,操心n.麻烦bottlen.瓶(子)v.装瓶bottomn.底(部);基础,根基;海底,湖底,河床boughn.大树枝,主枝bouncev.跳起,弹起n.(球)跳起,弹回boundv./n.跳(跃)a.被束缚的,理应...的,必定的,一定的;准备(或正在)到...去的,开往...的boundaryn.分界线,边界bowv./n.鞠躬,点头n.弓(形);蝴蝶结bowln.碗(状物),钵boxn.箱(子),盒(子);包厢v.拳击,打耳光boyn.男孩;男服务员,男仆boycottn./v.(联合)抵制,拒绝参与bracev.使防备,使受锻炼;支撑;使(手,足,肩等)绷紧n.托架,支架bracketn.(方)括号brainn.(大)脑,骨髓;[pl.]脑力,智能brakev./n.制动(器),闸,刹车branchn.(树)条,分支;分部,分店;(学科)分科,部门;支流,支脉,支线brandn.商标,标记,牌子v.使铭记;打火印,打烙印brandyn.白兰地酒brassn.黄铜,铜器bravea.勇敢的braveryn.大胆,勇敢breadn.面包breadthn.宽度,幅break v.打破,折断,破碎;使中止,打断;破坏,违反n.打断,中止;休息时间break away(from)脱离,逃跑break down损坏,分解,瓦解break in强行进入,闯入;打断,插嘴break into闯入break off断绝,结束break out突然发生,爆发;(of)逃出break through突破break up中止,结束;打碎,拆散breakdownn.垮,衰竭;损坏,故障,倒塌breakfastn.早饭,早餐v.吃早饭breastn.胸膛,乳房breathn.呼吸,气息catch one’s breath屏息,歇口气out of breath喘不过气来,上气不接下气breathev.呼吸,吸入breedv.(使)繁殖,生殖;产生,引起;教养,抚养,饲养n.品种,种类breezen.微风,和风briben.贿赂v.向...行贿,买通brickn.砖(状物)briden.新娘bridgen.桥(梁)v.架桥,建桥briefa.简短的,简洁的v.简短介绍,简要汇报in brief简单地说,简言之brighta.明亮的,辉煌的;聪明的,伶俐的;欢快的,美好的brillianta.光辉的,灿烂的;卓越的,有才华的brimn.边缘,帽沿bringv.带来,拿来;引起,导致bring about带来,造成bring down打倒,挫伤;降低bring forth产生,提出bring forward提出bring out使出现,使显明;公布,出版bring to使恢复知觉bring up教育,培养,使成长briska.轻快的;生气勃勃的;兴隆的Britainn.不列颠,英国Britisha.不列颠的;英国(人)的brittlea.易碎的,脆(弱)的broada.宽的,广阔的;广大的,广泛的;宽宏的,豁达的broadcastv./n.广播(节目)brochuren.小册子brokena.破碎(了)的bronzen.青铜(色),青铜制品brookn.小河,溪broomn.扫帚brothern.兄弟;同胞;教友brown.眉(毛);额brownn./a.褐色(的),棕色(的)brushn.刷(子),毛刷;画笔v.刷,擦,掸,拂;擦过,掠过brutala.残忍的;严峻的;严酷的bubblen.泡,水泡,气泡v.冒泡,起泡,沸腾bucketn.水桶,吊桶budn.芽,花苞v.发芽,含苞欲放budgetn.预算v.做预算buffetn.自助餐bugn.臭虫;小毛病;窃听器v.窃听buildv.造,建筑,建设,建立build up积累,堵塞;树立,逐步建立;增进,锻炼building n.建筑(物),房屋,大楼bulbn.灯泡,球状物bulkn.体积,容积;主体,大批,大量,大块in bulk散装;大批,大量bulln.公牛bulletn.子弹,枪弹bulletinn.公报,公告,告示bumpv.(against,into)碰,撞;颠簸着前进n.碰撞;隆起物bunchn.(一)簇,束,捆,串bundlen.捆,包,束burdenn.担子,负担,重担bureaun.署,局,司,处burnv.燃烧,烧毁,烧伤n.烧伤,灼伤burn out烧掉burn up烧起来,旺起来;烧完,烧尽burstv.爆裂,炸破;突然发生,突然发作n.突然破裂,爆发buryv.埋(葬),安葬;埋藏,遮盖busn.公共汽车trolley bus无轨电车bushn.灌木(从)businessn.商业,生意;事务,业务,职责on business因公,因事busya.忙的,繁忙的;(with)忙于...的v.使忙于butconj.可是,但是,而;除...外prep.除...外ad.只,仅仅,不过but for除...以外,倘没有,除非butchern.屠夫,卖肉者buttern.黄油,奶油v.涂黄油于...上butterflyn.蝴蝶buttonn.纽扣,按钮(开关)v.扣紧;扣上纽扣buyv.(购)买n.购买,买卖byprep.在...旁,靠近;被,由;经,沿,通过;不迟于,到...时为止;根据,按照;[表示方法,手段]靠,用,通过ad.在近旁,经过bypass/by-passn.旁路,迂回的旁道by-productn.副产品Ccabbagen.洋白菜,卷心菜cabinn.客舱,机舱;小(木)屋cabinetn.橱柜;内阁cablen.电报;电缆;缆,索,钢丝绳v.拍电报cafen.咖啡馆,(小)餐馆cafeterian.自助食堂cagen.鸟笼caken.饼,(蛋)糕calculatev.计算,推算;计划,打算calendarn.日历,月历calln.叫喊,呼声;(电话)通话v.叫(喊),招呼;把...叫做,称...为;(on,at)访问,拜访;打电话call for邀请;要求,需要call forth唤起,引起;振作起,鼓起call off放弃,取消call on/upon访问,拜访;号召,呼吁call up召集,动员;打电话;使人想起calma.(天气,海洋等)静的,平静的;镇静的,沉着的n.平静,风平浪静v.(使)平静;(使)镇定cameln.骆驼cameran.照相机,摄影机campn.野营,营地;帐篷,阵营v.设营,宿营campaignn.战役;运动campusn.(大学)校园canaux.v.能,会;可以;可能n.罐头v.装罐头Canadan.加拿大Canadiana.加拿大的n.加拿大人canaln.运河;(沟)渠cancelv.取消,把...作废;删去,划掉cancern.癌candidaten.候选人,候补者;报考者candlen.蜡烛candyn.糖果cannonn.大炮,火炮canoen.独木舟,小游艇canteenn.食堂canvasn.帆布;油画布,油画capn.便帽,军帽;盖,罩,套v.覆盖于...顶端capablea.有本领的,有能力的;(of)可以...的,能...的capacityn.容量,容积;能量,能力;接受力capitaln.首都,首府;大写字母;资本,资金a.首位的,最重要的,基本的capitalismn.资本主义capsulen.胶囊;太空舱captainn.首领,队长;船长;上尉v.做...的首领,指挥captiven.俘虏a.被俘虏的,被监禁的capturev./n.捕获,俘虏v.夺得,攻占carn.车(辆),汽车;(火车)车厢carbonn.碳carbon dioxide二氧化碳cardn.卡片,名片;纸牌;纸片ID card身份证credit card信用卡caren.小心,谨慎,注意;关怀,操心,照料v.(about)关心,介意,计较care for照管,关心;喜欢,意欲take care小心,当心take care of照顾,照料;承担,处理,负责careern.生涯,经历;专业,职业carefula.小心的,仔细的;细致的,精心的cargon.船货,货物carpentern.木工,木匠carpetn.地毯carriagen.(四轮)马车;(火车)客车厢carriern.搬运人;载体carrotn.胡罗卜carryv.运送,搬运;传送,传播;领,带carry off夺去carry on继续下去,坚持下去;从事,经营carry out贯彻,执行,实现cartn.(二轮货运)马车,手推车cartoonn.漫画,幽默画;动画片carvev.(雕)刻casen.箱,盒,容器;情况,事实;病例;案件in any case无论如何,总之in case假如,以防(万一),免得in case of假使,万一in no case决不cashn.现金,现款v.兑现,付(或收)现款cashiern.收银员,出纳员cassetten.盒子;盒式磁带castv.投,扔,掷,抛;铸造n.演员表castlen.城堡casuala.偶然的,碰巧的;临时的,非正式的casualtyn.伤亡人员;受害人catn.猫catalog/cataloguen.目录(册)v.编目(录)catchv.捕捉,捕获;赶上;感染;理解,听到catch on理解,明白catch up with追上,赶上categoryn.种类,类目cathedraln.大教堂Catholica.天主教的n.天主教徒cattlen.牛;牲口,家畜causen.原因,理由;事业,事件,奋斗目标v.使产生,引起cautionn.小心,谨慎;警告,告诫v.警告cautiousa.(of)小心的,谨慎的caven.洞,穴ceasev./n.停止,中止ceilingn.天花板celebratev.庆祝celln.细胞;小房间;蜂房;电池cellarn.地窑,地下室cementn.水泥;胶泥,胶接剂v.胶合;巩固,加强censusn.人口普查(调查)centn.分(币);百per cent百分之center/centren.中心(区),中央v.集中centigraden./a.摄氏温度计(的);百分度(的) centimetre/centimetren.厘米centrala.中心的,中央的,中枢的;主要的centuryn.世纪,(一)百年ceremonyn.典礼,仪式;礼节,礼仪certaina.某,某一,某些;(of)一定的,确信的,可靠的certainlyad.一定,必定,无疑;当然,行certaintyn.必然,肯定;必然的事certificaten.证(明)书,执照chainn.链(条);[pl.]镣铐;一连串,一系列,连锁v.用链条拴住chairn.椅子;主席(职位)chairmann.主席,议长,会长,董事长chalkn.粉笔,白垩challengen.挑战(书);艰巨任务,难题v.向...挑战chambern.房间,室championn.冠军,得胜者;拥护者,斗士chancen.机会;可能性,或然性;偶然性,运气v.碰巧,偶然发生by chance偶然,碰巧take a chance冒险一试changen.改变,变化;零钱,找头v.更换,调换,交换,互换;改变,变化channeln.海峡,水道;信道,波道;路线,途径chaosn.混乱,紊乱chaptern.章(节),回charactern.性格,品质,特性,特征;人物,角色;字符,(汉)字characteristica.(of)特有的,独特的n.特征,特性characterize/characterisev.表示...的特性;描述...特性chargev.索(价),要(人)支付,收费;控告,指控;充电n.[pl.]费用,代价;电荷,负荷in charge (of)负责,主管take charge of担任,负责charityn.慈善(团体),仁慈,施舍charmn.吸引力,魅力;美貌v.迷人,(使)陶醉;施魔法于charminga.迷人的,可爱的chartn.图,图表charterv.租船,租车n.宪章chasev./n.追逐,追求chatv./n.闲谈,聊天cheapa.便宜的;低劣的,不值钱的cheatv.欺骗;作弊n.骗子;欺诈,欺骗行为checkv.检查,核对;制止,控制;(凭票)托运或寄存n.(=cheque)检查,核对;方格图案,格子织物check in办理登记手续check out结帐后离开;检验,核查check up/(up)on校对,检查,检验check/chequen.支票cheekn.面颊,脸cheerv.(使)振奋,(使)高兴v./n.喝彩,欢呼cheer up使高兴,使振奋;高兴起来,振作起来cheerfula.愉快的,高兴的cheesen.干酪,乳酪chemicala.化学的n.[pl.]化学制品,化学药品chemist。

考研英语真题单词-2011（英一）2011（一）完形 - 笑与情绪 Part1 单词1、impair v.损害；削弱2、sacrifice n.牺牲3、determine v.查明，主语（?人或调查）决定，主语（某原因）4、manageable a.可操纵的；可处理理的5、renewable a.可再?生的；可延?长有效期的6、decrease v.降低increase v.增?长7、varnish n.清漆8、apparently ad.似乎（显然地）9、tone n.[僻]肌?肉结实10、asthma n.哮喘11、subconscious a.潜意识的12、internal a.体内的，内?心的13、exhaust v.筋疲?力力尽（+?人）（+物，耗尽）14、suppress v.抑制15、jockey n.?马骑师16、contract v.[僻]收缩（使动）Part2 短语1、despite sth. to the contrary 尽管有...与此相反claim / evidence / idea / advice statement2、the way = as 引导?方式状语从句句eg. the way walking does 就像散步?一样3、in turn 轮流：强调顺序相应地：强调因果关系eg. Interest rates were cut and, in turn, share prices rose. 利利率下降，相应地，股票就上涨了了。

4、die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐平息5、draw nearer the point of ... 近乎(做某事)6、up to 胜任，取决于，多达7、as for ?至于，关于= as to8、not + v. +because 否定转移9、turn to 求助于；使?用新东?西eg. Many people here are turning to solar power.这的?人都开始使?用太阳能。

秋风清，秋月明,落叶聚还散,寒鸦栖复惊。

2011考研英语词汇第一部分考研英语核心词汇记单词时不要采用从A——Z的顺序，而是要灵活搭配，比如A和J，B和O，C和N，D和L等，这样记起来既不觉得累又有成就感。

一定记住吴老师的建议：每天晚上看1-2页，把自己已经记住的暂时划出来，第二天早上无论多忙都要把前一天晚上看过的单词复习一遍，然后再分别过3天、7天、15天、30天各复习一遍，坚持下来，到考前一周看最后一遍时，你会觉得大部分单词都已经很熟悉了。

另外，务必要把自己做过的历年真题或模拟题中的词汇题集中整理起来，这样的对比记忆特别有助于我们对近义近形词汇的辨析。

这样坚持学习，双管齐下，一定会取得良好学习效果！abide 遵循（…by）；容忍The one thing she cannot abide is lying.abnormal 反常的abnormal behaviorabolish 彻底废除（法律、制度、习俗等）abolish old customabrupt 突然的，意外的an abrupt departureabsolute 纯粹的，完全的have absolute trust in sb.absorb 吸收，吸进A sponge absorbs water.abstract 抽象的A flower is beautiful, but beauty itself is abstract.absurd 荒谬的，荒唐的The idea that number 14 brings bad luck is absurd.abuse 滥用abuse one's authority(office)aaccelerate 加速，增速accelerate one’s stepsaccess 接近（或进入）的机会have regular and immediate access to the President accommodate 使适应，使符合一致accommodate oneself to changed circumstances accompany 陪伴，伴随She was accompanied to a dinner by her friend.accomplish 达到（目的），完成（任务），实现（计划，诺言等）accomplish one's purpose accord 使符合，相一致(with) His violent action do not accord with his peaceful words. account 记述，叙述give a brief account of what has happenedaccumulate 积累，积攒，积聚accumulate wisdomaccurate 准确的，精确的an accurate estimateaccuse 指控，指责They accused her publicly of stealing their books.accustom 使习惯于accustom oneself to rising (to rise) earlyacquaint 使认识，使了解activate 使活动起来，使开始起作用，启动They have planted secret agents in many countrieswho could be activated whenever needed. acute 尖锐的，敏锐的an acute thinkeradapt （使）适应adapt oneself to new conditionsaddress 演说 a television addressadhere 黏附，附着Paste is used to make one surface adhere to another.adjacent 临近的，毗邻的(to) a city and its adjacent suburbsadjoin 贴近，与...毗邻His house adjoins the lake.administrate 掌管，料理...的事务In many Japanese homes, the funds are administrated by thewife.adolescent （尤指16岁以下的）青少年 a film aimed at adolescentsadvance 使向前移动advance a chessmanadvantage 有利条件，优点Sitting Presidents hold built-in advantages when seeking anotherterm.adverse 不友好的，敌对的She felt adverse to her husband's friends.advocate 拥护，提倡，主张advocate self-defenceaesthetic 美学的，艺术的，审美an aesthetic theoryaffliliate 使隶属（或附属）于，使成为会员 a government affiliated companyaffirm 断言，申明affirm the truth of a statementaggravate 加重，加剧，恶化aggravate the declining economyaggressive 侵犯的，侵略的an aggressive weaponagitate 搅动（液体等）The machine agitated the mixture.alarm 惊恐，忧虑The bandits scattered in alarm.alert 警惕的，留神的In our reading we should always be alert for new usages.alien 外国的adjust to an alien cultureallege 断言，宣称The newspaper alleges the mayor's guilt.allocate 分配，分派，把...拨给allocate funds for new projectsallied 结盟的，有关联的allied nationsallow 允给，准许，允许He missed her more than he would allow himself to admit. allowance 津贴，补贴，零用钱 a housing allowancealter 改变，更改alter an attitudealternate 交替，轮流Night and day alternate.amateur （艺术，科学等的）业余爱好者an amateur golferamaze 使惊愕，使惊异I am amazed that he should get the post.ambiguous 含糊不清的，模棱两可的an ambiguous answerambition （对名利等的）强烈欲望，野心His political ambitions still burn.amend 修改，修订amend the spelling in sb.'s paperamuse 逗乐，逗笑，给...提供娱乐（或消遣）The clown at the circus amused the children. anchor 锚The anchor catches (drags).announce 宣布，声称It is officially announced that he will not run for reelection.annoy 使恼怒，使生气She was annoyed at (with) his lightheard attitude.annual 每年的，年度的the annual output of steelanonymous 匿名的，无名的an anonymous letter (phone call)answer 回答，响应Henry took ages to answer the door.anticipate 预期，预料The directors anticipated a fall in demand (that demand would fall). anxious 焦虑的，发愁的(about, at) They become anxious at her delay.apart 成零碎Such cheap clothes come apart after a few washings.apparent 显然的，明明白白的It was apparent that they all understood.appeal 呼吁，恳求I appealed to the children to make less noise.applaud 鼓掌，喝彩，叫好The audience applauds the performers for three minutes.apply 涂，敷He applied two coats of paint to the table.appoint 任命，委派They appointed his father (to be 或as) postmaster.appraise 估量，估计appraise the infant's weightappreciate 感激I appreciated your help much.apprehend 对...担心Do you apprehend that there will be any difficulty?approach 靠近，接近John is approaching manhood.appropriate 恰当的，相称的Plain, simple clothes are appropriate for school wear.approve 赞成，同意I couldn't approve his conduct.approximate 大概的，大约的，近似的The approximate time is 10 o'clock.apt （习性）易于......的，有......倾向的A careless person is apt to make mistakes.arbitrary 随心所欲的，个人武断的，任意的an arbitrary choicearise 起立，起身arise from one's seatarouse 使......奋发A man like Tom will be aroused. Don’t worry.array 排列，队形The troops were formed in battle array.articulate 发音清晰的，善于表达的He is articulate about everything in the field ofeconomics.artificial 人工的，人造的，人为的artificial price controlsascend 登高，（渐渐）上升，升高The airplane ascended into the cloud.ascertain 查明，弄清，确定I ascertained that he was dead.ashamed 惭愧的，羞耻的I am ashamed for being so stupid.ashore 向岸，向陆地He swam ashore.aside 在旁边We stood aside to let her pass.assault 攻击，袭击We made an assault on the enemy fort.assemble 集合，召集assemble the members of Parliament for a special meeting.assert 肯定地说（出），坚定地断言He asserted his innocence.assess 估价，评价，评论assess the present state of the economyassign 分配，布置（作业）The teacher assigned (us) a new lesson.assimilate 吸收，消化He is quick to assimilate new ideas.associate （使）联系，（使）结合We naturally associated the name of Darwin with the doctrineof evolution.assume 假定，假设Farmers will have a bumper harvest, assuming (that) the weather sifavarable.assure 深信不疑地对......说，向......保证assurance 保证，把握，信心He gave me his assurance that he would help.astonish 使惊讶I was astonished at his sudden appearance.attach 系，贴，连接attach a label to a suitcaseattain 达到，获得attain one’s goalattend 出席，参加（会议等）attend a weddingattendance 出席，参加，出席人数，出席率Our class has perfect attendance today. attentive 注意的，专心的an attentive audienceattribute 把归因于，把......（过错的责任等）归于(to) He attributed his success to hard work. auxiliary 辅助的an auxiliary rocketavail 有利于，有助于Will force alone avail us?average 平均数，平均The paper receives an average of nearly 100 articles a day.avert 挡开，防止，避免Many traffic accidents can be averted by courtesy.awake 醒，觉醒awake from sleepaward 授予（奖品等）The university awarded him an honorary degree.ban （以官方明令）禁止，取缔He was banned from entering the city.bang （突发的）sudden loud bangbar 条，块，杆，棒 a bar of goldbare 赤裸的，光秃的，空无内容的walk in bare feetbeforehand 预先，事先If you wanted soup for lunch you should have told me beforehand. behave 举止端正，听话Do behave.bewilder 使迷惑，使糊涂I’m bewildered as to which one to buy.bias 偏见，偏心have a bias against sb.(或sth.)blame 责备，责怪Public opinion blames Mrs Smith for leading the girl astray.blast 一阵（风），一股（气流） a blast of windblaze 火焰The fire sprang into a blaze.blunt 钝的The sun was blazing down and the heat was oppressive.blush （因害羞、激动、窘困）脸红blush with(或for) joyboast 自吹自擂，自夸的话He is full of boasts.bolt 螺栓，（门，窗的）插销 a small bag of nuts and boltsboom 低沉有回响的声音The great bell tolled with a deep boom.border 边界，边境，边沿 a district on the Kampuchean side of the border with Thailand bore 钻孔，挖（通道）bore through a wallbounce 弹起，反弹The ball doesn’t bounce well.bound 跳跃，弹回She bounded to her feet and waved her right hand triumphantly.boycott （联合起来）抑制，拒绝参加boycott uncooperative manufacturesbrace 托架，支架He braced his muscles and lifted the weight.breed （使）繁殖Rabbits breed families rapidly.bribe 贿赂accept(或take)a bribe from sb.brief 短暂的，简短的，简洁的 a brief holidaybrisk 轻快的，生气勃勃的 a brisk pacebrittle 易碎的，一碰就破的brittle glassbrush 刷子，毛刷 a laundry brushbump 碰，撞(against, into) The truck bumped against the wall in the dark.burst 爆炸，爆裂The boiler burst.calculate 计算，推算calculate the distance between New Y ork and Chicagocall 喊，叫Please call the names of all the people who are present.cancel 取消，废除，删去cancel a tripcapture 俘虏，捕获capture butterfliescase 事例，事实，事情This is a case of poor judgment.cast 投，扔，抛，撒，掷cast doubt(s) on the feasibility of a schemecasual 偶然的，无计划的，随便的，非正式的 a casual meetingcease 停止，终止，结束The music ceased suddenly.certify 证明，证实The accounts were certified (as) correct.challenge 向...挑战Our school challenged the local champion team to a football match. character （事物的）性质，特质The furniture in Tom’s apartment was pretentious and withoutcharacter.charge 要（价），收（费）The airlines charge half price for students.charm 魅力，魔力This thriving resort town has retained its village charm.chase 追逐，追求The police chased the escaping thief and caught him at last.check 使突然停止，制止check one’s stepscherish 珍爱，珍视cherish one’s native landchew 嚼，咀嚼He chewed a mouthful of meat.choke 窒息，噎住be choked by smokechorus 合唱队chronic （疾病）慢性的，（人）久病的chronic indigestionclarity 澄清，阐明clarify an issuecling 粘着The frightened child clung to her mother.clumsy 笨拙的 a clumsy boycluster （果实，花等的）串，束，簇; (人或物)的群，组 a cluster of touristsclutch 紧抓，紧握clutch at an opportunitycoherent 一致的，协调的lack coherent political goalscoin 硬币，钱币，金属货币 a silver coincoincide 相符，相一致100 Centigrade coincides with 212 Fahrenheit.collaborate （尤指在文艺、科学等方面）合作，协作He and I collaborated in writing plays. collapse 倒坍，崩溃，瓦解The roof collapsed under the weight of the snow.collide 碰撞，互撞The car collided with the truck.come 来，来到Will you come to the dance tonight?commemorate 纪念，庆祝commemorate a holidaycommend 表扬，称赞commend a soldier for braverycompact 紧密的，坚实的 a compact piece of luggagecompare 比较，对照(with, to) compare the body to a finely tuned machinecompatible 能和睦相处的，合的来的Y ou should choose a roommate more compatible toyour tastes.compile 汇编，编制compile an anthology of poemscomply 遵从，顺从，服从comply with rules(safety regulations)compose 组成，构成England, Scotland, and Wales compose the island of Great Britain. compress 压缩He compresses a lifetime as a soldier into a few sentencescomprise 包含，包括The shipyard comprises three docks.compromise 妥协，折衷compromise over the hard-fought next.compulsory 必须做的，义务的 a compulsory subjectconceal 隐藏，隐瞒，隐蔽He concealed his disappointment from his friends.conceive 构想出，设想conceive an ideaconcentrate 集中，专心concentrate one’s attentioncondemn 谴责We all condemn cruelty to children.condense （使）压缩，（使）凝结，使简洁condense a speech to halfconfer 商谈，商议confer with sb. Over (on, about, concerning) sth.confess 坦白，供认，承认，忏悔confess one’s crimeconfidence 信任break sb.’s confidenceconfine 限制，使局限They succeeded in confining the fire to a small area.confirm 证实，肯定confirm a rumourconflict （尤指长期的）战争，战斗The conflict between Greece and Troy lasted ten years. conform 遵照，适应confirm to(或with) the rules(the law)confront （使）面临，（使）遭遇The war confronted him with hardships.confuse 使混乱，混淆He confused the arrangements by arriving late.connect 连接，连接The bridge connects the island with(或to) the mainland.conscious 意识到的，自觉地They were conscious that he disapproved.consent 同意，赞同，准许The people will never consent to another war.conserve 保护，保藏，保存conserve natural resourcesconsider 考虑，细想Consider carefully before doing anything.consist 组成，构成(of) The house consists of six rooms.consolidate 巩固，加强consolidate one’s positionconspicuous 显眼的，明显的，引人瞩目的He felt as conspicuous as if he had stood on astage.constant 经常的，不断的 a constant noiseconstitute 组成，构成constitute a threat to sb.consult 请教，与......商量consult a doctor about one’s illnessconsume 消费,花费: consume much of one’s time in readingcontact 接触,联系,交往: be in contact with sbcontain 包括,容纳, a list containing twelve itemscontaminate弄脏,污染,玷污,毒害: Fumes contaminate the aircontempt轻视,轻蔑:show a contempt for sbcontest竞赛,比赛,竞争:the contest between the two powers for the control of the region contract合同,契约:enter into(make)a contact withcontradict反驳,同….相矛盾,同….相抵触:The facts contradict his theorycontrary相反的,对抗的:take the contrary viewcontrast对照,对比,(对比之下显出的)差异:the contrast between the two forms of government contribute捐(款等),捐献:He contributed 5dollars to the charity every paydaycontrive设计,想出:contrive a new methodcontroversy(尤之以文字形式进行的争论),辨证:a point of controversyconvention(正式)会议,(定期)大会:draft a new constitution at a conventionconvert转变,转化:convert coal to (into) pipeline gasconvey运送,输送,传送:a wire conveys an electric currentconvict(经审讯)证明…有罪,宣判…有罪:He was convicted of smugglingcoordinate调节,协调:coordinate the functions of government agenciescordial热情友好的,热诚的,真心的:a cordial hello(smile, invitation)correspond相符合相称(to,with):Fulfillment seldom corresponds to anticipationcorrespondent通信者,通讯员,记者:a good(bad)correspondentcorresponding符合的,一致的:corresponding fingerprintscorrode(渐渐)损害,(一点一点地)损伤:Bribery corrodes the confidence that must exist betweenbuyer and sellercorrupt堕落的,腐败的,贪赃舞弊的:lead a corrupt lifecount数,计算: count the moneycourse课程,科目:an English coursecourtesy 谦恭有礼。

历年考研英语的高频单词（3～13次）历年考研英语的高频单词（2次）2011年考研大纲词汇AA,anart.一(个);任何一个;每,每一件abandonv.放弃;抛弃abidev.(by)坚持,遵守abilityn.能力,智能;才能,才干ablea.有能力的,能干的,显示出才华的able to inf. 能,会abnormala.反常的,不正常的aboardad.在船(飞机,车)上,上船（飞机,车）prep.在（船,飞机,车）上,上（船,飞机,车）abolishv.废除,取消aboutad.在周围,附近,到处;大约,差不多prep.关于,对于;在…周围,在…附近a.准备be about to+inf.即将aboveprep.在…上面,超过,高于a.上面的,上述的ad.在上面,以上above all首要,尤其abroadad.到国外,在国外;到处abrupta.突然的,意外的;(举止,言谈等)唐突的,鲁莽的absencen.缺席,不在场;缺乏,没有absenta.(from)缺席,不在场;缺乏的漫不经心的absolutea.绝对的,完全的absorbv.吸收;吸收,使专心be absorbed in专心于absorptionn.吸收abstracta.抽象的n.摘要,提要v.提(抽取)absurda.荒唐的abundancen.丰富,充裕abundanta.(in)丰富的,充分的,充裕的abusev./n.滥用;虐待;谩骂academica.学院的;学术的academyn.学院acceleratev.加快,促进accelerationn.加速(度)accentn.腔调,口音;重音(符号)acceptv.接受,认可;同意,认可acceptablea.可接受的acceptancen.接受,验收;承认,认可accessn.接近,进入;入口,通道,入口;接近（或进入）的方法have/gain access to可以获得accessoryn.附件,配件a.附属的accidentn.事故;意外的事,偶然的事by accident偶然accidentala. 偶然的,意外的accommodatev.留宿,收容;供应,供给accommodation(s)n.住宿,留宿;膳宿供应accompanyv.陪同,伴随;为…伴奏accomplishv.完成accordancen.一致in accordance with与…一致according to按照,根据accordinglyad.因此,从而,相应地,照着（办）accountn.账（目,户）;叙述,说明v.说明,解释account for说明（原因等）on account of因为,由于take …into account考虑accumulatev.积累,积蓄,堆积accuracyn.准确,准确度accuratea.精确的,准确的accusev.（of）控告,谴责accustomv.（to）使习惯accustomeda.惯常的,习惯的be accustomed to习惯于achev.痛n.疼痛,酸痛achievev.完成;达到,达成,获得acidn.酸a.酸的acknowledgev.承认;致谢acquaintv.(sb.with)使认识,使了解acquaintancen.熟人,相识acquirev.取得,获得;学到acquisitionn.获得,获得物acren.英亩acrossprep.横过,穿过;在...对面,与...交叉ad.横过,穿过,横断;宽,阔actv.行动,做事;(on)起作用;表演n.行为,动作;(一)幕;法令,条例actionn.行动,行为;动作,活动;(on)作用activatev.使活动,起动activea.有活力的,活跃的,敏捷的,在活动中的activityn.活动;活性,活力actorn.男演员actressn.女演员actuala.实际的,现实的acutea.敏锐的,尖锐的;(疾病)急性的AD/A.D. n.公元ad=advertisementn.广告adaptv.(to)(使)适应,适合;改编,改写adaptationn.改编;适应addv.(to)加,增加;补充说,又说add up to合计,总计additionn.(增)加,加法;附加(物)in addition另外in addition to除...之外additionala.附加的,另外的,额外的addressn.地址,通讯处,致词v.致函,写姓名地址;向...讲话adequatea.足够的,充分的,恰当的adherev.(to)粘附,胶着;坚持adjacenta.(to)邻近的,毗连的adjectiven./a.形容词(的)adjoinv.毗连,靠近adjustv.调节,调整,校正administrate/administerv.掌管,料理...的事务;实施,执行;给予,投(药) administrationn.管理,经营;行政(机关,部门);政府admirationn.钦佩,赞美admirev.钦佩,赞赏,羡慕admissionn.允许进入,接纳,收容;承认admitv.让...进入,接纳;承认adolescentn.青少年a.青春期的,青少年的adoptv.采用,采纳,通过;收养adoptionn.采用,采纳,通过;收养adultn.成(年)人a.成年人的,已成熟的advancev.前进,进展;推进,促进;提出(建议等);提前n.前进,进展;预付,预支in advance提前,预先advanceda. 高级的,先进的,前进的advantagen.优点,长处,有利条件;利益,好处gain/have an advantage over胜过,优于take advantage of利用advantageousa.有利的adventuren.冒险,冒险活动;奇遇adverbn.副词advertisev.做广告advicen.劝告,忠告,(医生等的)意见advisablen.可取的,适当的advisev.劝告,忠告;建议;通知advocaten.提倡者,鼓吹者v.提倡,鼓吹aeriala.空中的,航空的n.天线aeroplane/airplanen.飞机aerospacen.太空,宇宙空间aesthetic/esthetica.美学的,艺术的;审美的affairn.事,事情,事件affectv.影响;感动affectionn.爱,慈爱,感情;影响affiliatev.使隶属(或附属)于n.附属机构,分公司affirmv.断言,肯定affirmativea.肯定的affordv.担负得起,买得起,花得起(时间);供给,给予afraida.(of)怕,害怕的;恐怕,担心的African.非洲Africana.非洲(人)的n.非洲人afterprep.在…以后,在...后面conj.在...后ad.以后,后来afternoonn.下午,午后afterward(s)ad.后来,以后againad.又,再(次),重新againstprep.对(着),逆;反对;违反;靠近,倚在;对比agen.年龄;时期,时代v.变老,老化agencyn.代理(处),代办处agendan.议事日程agentn.代理商(人),代表aggravatev.恶化,加重,加剧aggressivea.侵略的,好斗的;敢作敢为的,有进取心的agitatev.鼓动,搅动;搅拌agoad.以前,...前agonyn.苦恼,痛苦agreev.(to,with)同意,赞成;一致,适合agreeablea.惬意的,令人愉快的;易相处的;同意的agreementn.同意,一致;协定,协议agriculturala.农业的agriculturen.农业aheadad.在前,向前,提前,前头ahead of在...前面,先于aidv.援助,救援,帮助n.援助,救护;助手,辅助物,辅助设备aimv.(at)目的在于,旨在;瞄准,针对n.目标,目的airn.空气,大气,天空;神气,架子v.使通风in the air在流行中,在传播中aircraftn.航空器,飞机airlinen.航线;航空公司airmailn.航空邮件,航空邮政airplane/aeroplanen.飞机airportn.机场,航空站alarmn.警报;惊恐,惊慌v.使惊恐,惊动,惊吓;向...报警alcoholn.酒精,乙醇alerta.警惕的;机灵的alienn.外侨;外星人a.外国的;(from)相异的;(to)不相容的alikea.相同的,想像的alivea.活着着;活跃的,热闹的alla.所有的,全部的pron.一切,全部ad.完全,都,十分above all首要,尤其after all终于,毕竟;虽然这样all but几乎,差一点;除...之外其余都all out全力以赴,竭尽全力all over遍及,到处all right行,可以;顺利,良好at all完全,根本in all总共,共计not at all一点也不allegev.断言,宣称alleviatev.减轻,缓解,缓和alliancen.结盟,联盟;联姻in alliance with与...联盟allieda.联合的,同盟的allocatev.分配,分派,把...拨给allowv.允许,准许;承认;让...得到allow for考虑到allowancen.津贴,补助(费)make allowance(s) for考虑到,顾及;体谅,原谅alloyn.合金allyn.同盟国,同盟者;支持者v.(with)使结盟almostad.几乎,差不多alonea.单独,独立,独一无二的ad.仅仅,只;单独地,独自leave/let...alone听其自然,不要去管let alone更不用说alongprep.沿着ad.向前along with与...一起alongsideprep.在…旁边,横靠,与...并肩ad.并排地,并肩地aloudad.出声地,大声地alphabetn.字母表alreadyad.已,已经alsoad.也,同样;而且,还not only...but also不但...而且alterv.改变,变更alterationn.改变,变更alternatea.交替的,轮流的v.交替,轮流alternativea.两者挑一的n.可供选择的事物,替换物,选择对象althoughconj.尽管,虽然,即使altituden.高度,海拔altogetherad.完全,全部地;总共;总之aluminum/aluminiumn.铝alwaysad.永远,始终;总是,一直AM/A.M./a.m.上午amateura.业余的n.业余(活动)爱好者amazev.使惊奇,使惊愕,使惊叹ambassadorn.大使ambiguousa.模棱两可的ambitionn.雄心,野心ambitiousa.有雄心的,野心勃勃的ambulancen.救护车amendv.修改,修正American.美洲;美国Americana.美洲(人)的;美国(人)的n.美国人;美国人among(st)prep.在…之中,在...中间amountn.数量,总额v.(to)合计,总共达,等于amperen.安培amplea.充分的,富裕的;宽敞的,宽大的amplifiern.放大器,扩音机amplifyv.放大,增强amusev.逗...笑,给...以娱乐(消遣) amusementn.娱乐,消遣;娱乐活动analog/analoguen.类似物;模拟analogyn.比拟,类比by analogy用类推的方法analysisn.分析,分解analytic(al)a.分析的,分解的analyze/analysev.分析,分解ancestorn.祖宗,祖先anchorn.锚v.抛锚,停泊ancienta.古代的,古老的andconj.和,与,而且;那么;接连,又angeln.天使angern.(愤)怒,气愤v.使发怒,激怒anglen.角;角度,方面,观点angrya.愤怒的;生气的;(风雨等)狂暴的animaln.动物,野兽,牲畜a.动物的,野兽的anklen.踝anniversaryn.周年(纪念日)announcev.宣布,发表,通行;报告...的来到announcern.播音员,报幕员annoyv.使恼怒,使生气,打搅annuala.每年的,年度的n.年刊,年鉴anonymousa.匿名的;无名的;无特色的anothera.另一,再一;别的,不同的pron.另一个,类似的一个one after another一个接一个one another互相answerv.回答,答复,响应;(for)负责,保证;(to)符合,适合n.回答,答复,答案antn.蚂蚁antarctica.南极(区)的n.[the Antarctic]南极洲,南极(圈)antennan.天线anticipatev.预期,预料,预感,期望anxietyn.挂念,焦虑,焦急,忧虑;渴望,热望anxiousa.(about)忧虑的,担心的,焦急的;渴望的anya.[否定,疑问,条件句中]什么,一些;任何的,任一的pron.无论哪个,无论哪些;一个,一些ad.稍,丝毫anybodypron.任何人,无论谁;重要人物anyhowad.不管怎样,无论如何;不论用何种办法anyone=anybodypron.任何人,无论谁anythingpron.无论什么事(物),一切;什么事(物),任何事(物)anything but除...以外任何事(物),根本不anyway=anyhowad.无论如何anywheread.在什么地方,无论哪里apartad.撇开;分开,分离;相距,相隔apart from除去apartmentn.[英]房间,套间;[美]公寓apologize/apologisev.(to,for)道歉,认错apologyn.道歉,歉意,认错apparatusn.器械,设备,仪器,装置apparenta.(to)明显的,显而易见的;表面的,貌似的appealv.(to)呼吁,要求;对...有吸引力;申述,上诉n.(to)呼吁,要求;吸引力;申诉,上诉appearv.出现,显露;出场,问世;来到;好像是,仿佛appearancen.出现,出场,露面;外表,外貌,外观appendixn.附录,附属物appetiten.食欲,胃口;欲望,爱好,要求applaudv.喝彩,欢呼,鼓掌,称赞applausen.鼓掌欢迎,欢呼applen.苹果(树)appliancen.用具,器具applicablea.(to)能应用的,适用的applicationn.请求,申请(书,表);应用,运用;施用,敷用applyv.(for)申请,请求;(to)适用,应用,运用appointv.任命,委任;约定,指定appointmentn.任命,委任;约定,指定appraisaln.估计,估量;评价appreciablea.可以察觉的,可估计的appreciatev.感谢,感激;正确评价,欣赏,赏识apprehensionn.忧虑,担心,疑惧;理解,领悟approachv.靠近,接近,邻近n.方法,途径;探讨appropriatea.(to)适当的,恰如其分的approvaln.赞成,同意;认可,批准approvev.(of)赞成,满意,同意;批准,审定,通过approximatelyad.近似地,大约Apriln.四月apta.恰当的,适宜的;(习性)易于...的,有...倾向的Arabiann.阿拉伯人a.阿拉伯(人)的arbitrarya.任意的,专断的archn.拱门,弓形结构,桥拱洞v.拱起,(使)变成弓形architectn.建筑师architecturen.建筑(式样,风格);建筑学arctica.北极(区)的n.[the Arctic]北极,北极圈arean.面积;地区,区域;范围,领域arguev.争论,辩论;主张,论证;说服argumentn.争论,辨认;论据,论点arisev.出现,发生;(from)由…引起,由...产生arithmeticn.算术armn.(手)臂,臂状物;扶手,衣袖;[pl.][总称]武器,武装v.武装,装备armyn.军(队),陆军;大群aroundad.各处,到处;周围,在附近;大约prep.在...周围,在...附近,在...各地arousev.唤醒,唤起;激起,引起arrangev.整理,排列,布置;安排,筹备arrayn.一系列,大量;排列v.排列arrestv./n.逮捕,拘留arrivaln.到来,到达;到达的人或物arrivev.到达,来到arrive at达到,得出arrown.箭;箭头(符号),箭状物artn.艺术,美术;技术,技艺;[pl.]文科,人文学科articlen.文章,论文;物品,商品;项目,条款;冠词articulatea.善于表达的,口齿清晰的v.明确有力地表达artificiala.人工的,人造的;人为的,娇揉造作的artistn.艺术家,美术家artistica.艺术(家)的,美术(家)的asad.一样,同样conj.像...一样;由于;正当;以致;虽然,尽管prep.作为,如同as...as像...一样as for至于,就...方面说as if好像,仿佛as though好像,仿佛as to至于,关于as well也,又as well as(除...之外)也,既...又not as/so...as不如...那样ascendv.攀登,上升ascertainv.查明,弄清,确定ashn.灰(烬)ashameda.(of)羞耻,惭愧,害臊ashoread.在岸上,上岸Asian.亚洲Asiana.亚洲(人)的n.亚洲人asidead.在旁边,到旁边aside from除...以外askv.(询)问;请求,要求;(邀)请,约请ask after询问,问候ask for请求,要求asleepa.睡着的aspectn.样子,外表,面貌;(问题等的)方面assaultv./n.袭击,攻击assemblev.集合,集会,会议;装配assemblyn.集合,集会,会议;装配assertv.断言,宣称assessv.估价,评价assignv.分配,委派;指定(时间,地点等)assignmentn.分配,委派;任务,(课外)作业assimilatev.(被)吸收,(被)消化;(使或被)同化assistv.帮助,援助,协助assistancen.帮助,援助assistantn.助手,助教a.辅助的,助理的associatev.(with)使联系,使联合;交往,结合n.合作人,伙伴,同事,同行a.副的associationn.协会,团体;联合,联系,交往;联想assumev.假装;假定,设想;采取,承担;呈现assumptionn.假定,设想;采取;承担assurancen.确保,断言;保证,担保assurev.使确信,使放心;保证,担保astonishv.使惊讶,使吃惊astronautn.宇航员astronomyn.天文学atprep.[表示地点,位置,场合]在,于,到...处;[表示时刻,时节,年龄]在...时,当;[表示目标,方向]对着,向;[表示速度,价格等]以,在...方面athleten.运动员Atlantica.大西洋的n.[the Atlantic]大西洋atmospheren.大气(层);空气;气氛,环境;大气压(压力单位) atmospherica.大气的,空气的atomn.原子;微粒,微量attachv.(to)缚上,系上,贴上;使依附,使隶属,使依恋attached to附属于,隶属于attackv./n.攻击,进攻,抨击;着手,开始n.(病)发作attainv.达到,获得attemptv.尝试,试图n.(at)企图,努力attendv.出席,参加;(to)照顾,护理attendancen.到场,出席attendantn.服务员,值班员;护理人员attentionn.注意(力),留心;立正pay attentin to注意attentivea.注意的,留神的attituden.(to,towards)态度,看法;姿势attorneyn.律师attractv.吸引,招引,引诱,引起(注意等)attractivea.有吸引力的,引起兴趣的,动人的attributen.属性,品质,特征v.(to)把…归于;认为...是...所为audiencen.听众,观众,读者;谒见,会见augmentv.扩大,增加,提高Augustn.八月auntn.伯母,婶母,姑母,舅母,姨母aural a.听觉的Australian.澳大利亚,澳洲Australiana.澳洲的;澳大利亚(人)的n.澳大利亚人authorn.作者;创始人authorityn.权力,威信,权威;权威者,有权威性的典籍;[pl.]当局,官方auton.汽车automaticn.自动机构a.自动的,无意识的,机械的automationn.自动(化)automobilen.汽车autumnn.秋(季)auxiliarya.辅助的,补助的availn.[一般用于否定句或疑问句中]效用,利益,帮助v.有用于,有助于avail (oneself) of利用of/to no avail不起作用,没有用availablea.可用的,可得到的;可以见到的,随时可来的avenuen.林荫道,大街;途径,手段averagen.平均(数)a.平均的;通常的,一般的v.平均,均分on (the/an) average平均,一般说来avertv.防止,避免;转移(目光,注意力等)aviationn.航空,飞行avoidv.避免,回避,逃避awaitv.等候,期待awakea.醒着的,警觉的v.唤醒,唤起;醒,觉醒,醒悟到,认识到awardn.奖(品)v.授予,奖给awarea.(of)知道的,意识到的awayad.离开,远离;…去,...掉;不断...下去right away立即,马上awfula.极度的,极坏的,糟糕的;威严的,可怕的ad.十分,极度地awfullyad.非常,很awkwarda.笨拙的,不灵活的;棘手的,尴尬的;使用不便的ax/axen.斧(子)axisn.轴(线);构图中心线Bbabyn.婴儿,孩子bachelorn.单身汉;[亦作B-]学士(学位)backn.背(面),后面a.后面的ad.在后,向后;回,回复;以前v.后退;支持back and forth来回,往返,来来往往地back down/off放弃,让步,退却back of在...后部,在...背部back up支持,援助;倒退,后退backgroundn.背景,经历backwarda.向后的,倒行的,落后的;迟钝的ad.(also backwards)向后,朝反方向baconn.咸肉,熏肉bacterium([pl.]bacteria)n.细菌bada.坏的,恶的,错的;低劣的,拙劣的;不舒服的,病的;腐败的;严重的badgen.徽章badlyad.坏,恶劣地;严重地,非常,厉害地badmintonn.羽毛球bagn.袋,包baggagen.行李bakev.烤,烘,焙;烧硬,焙干bakeryn.面包房balance v.称,(使)平衡n.天平,称;平衡,均衡;差额,结余,余款balda.秃的,秃头的balln.球,球状物;舞会balloonn.气球banv.取缔,查禁;(from)禁止n.禁止,禁令bananan.香蕉bandn.条,带;乐队;波段;一群,一伙v.缚,绑扎bandagen.绷带v.用绷带扎缚bangn.砰砰的声音;猛击,猛撞v.砰地关上,猛撞,猛击bankn.岸,堤;银行,库v.存入银行bankrupta.破产的bankruptcyn.破产v.使破产bannern.旗(帜)barn.条,杆,棒,棍,闩;酒吧,餐柜;栅,栏,障碍(物) v.闩上,阻拦,拦住,妨碍barbern.理发师barea.赤裸的,光秃的,空的;稀少的,仅有的v.露出,暴露barelyad.赤裸裸地,无遮蔽地;仅仅,勉强,几乎没有bargainn.廉价货;交易,契约,合同v.议价,成交barkv.吠叫,咆哮n.吠声,狗叫声barnn.谷仓,仓库barreln.桶;枪管,炮管barriern.栅栏,屏障;障碍(物)basen.基础,底部;基地,根据地v.(on)把...基于,以...为根据baseballn.棒球basementn.建筑物的底部,地下室,地窖basica.基本的,基础的basinn.盆,脸盆;内海,盆地basisn.基础,根据on the basis of根据,在...的基础上basketn.篮(子),篓basketballn.篮球batn.球拍,球棒,短棒;蝙蝠batchn.一批,一组,一群bathn.沐浴,洗澡;浴室(池,盆)v.(给...)洗澡bathev.游泳,洗澡,浸,弄湿bathroomn.浴室;盥洗室,卫生间batteryn.电池(组);炮兵连,炮组battlen.战役,战斗;斗争v.战斗,斗争,搏斗bayn.海湾,(港)湾BC/B.C.公元前bev.(就)是,等于;(存)在;到达,来到,发生beachn.海滩,湖滩,河滩beamn.(横)梁,桁条;(光线的)束,柱v.微笑;发光beann.豆;菜豆,蚕豆bearn.熊v.忍受,容忍;负担,负荷;结果实,生子女beardn.胡须beastn.兽,牲畜;凶残的人,举止粗鲁的人beatn.敲打,敲击声,节拍;(心脏等)跳动,搏动v.打,敲;打败,战胜;(心脏等)跳动,搏动beautifula.美(好)的beautyn.美(丽);美人,美丽的东西becauseconj.因为because of由于,因为becomev.成为,变得;适宜,同...相称bedn.床(位);苗床,圃,花坛;河床,矿床,海底bedroomn.卧室been.(蜜)蜂beefn.牛肉beern.啤酒beforeprep.在…以前;在...前面,当着...的面conj.在...之前ad.前面,从前,早些时候beforehandad.预先,事先begv.乞求,乞讨;请求,恳求beginv.开始begin with从...开始beginnern.初学者beginningn.开始,开端behalfn.利益on behalf of代表,为了behavev.举止,举动,表现;运转,开动behavior/behaviourn.行为,举止;(机器的)特性behindprep.在…后面,落后于ad.在后,向后,落后beingn.生物,人;存在,生存beliefn.信仰,信条;相信,信念believev.(in)相信,信仰;认为make believe假装belln.钟,铃belongv.(to)属于,附属,隶属;应归入(类别,范畴等) beloveda./n.受爱戴的,敬爱的;爱人,被心爱的人belowprep.在...下面,在...以下ad.在下面,向下beltn.(皮)带,腰带;地带benchn.长凳,条凳;(工作)台,座bendv.(使)弯曲;屈从,屈服n.弯曲(处),曲折处beneathprep.在…下边,在...之下ad.在下方beneficiala.(to)有利的,有益的benefitn.利益,好处,恩惠v.有益于;(from,by)受益benta.弯曲的berryn.浆果besideprep.在…旁边,在...附近;与...相比besidesprep.除...之外ad.而且,还有besta.最好的ad.最,最好(地)at (the) best充其量,至多do/try one’s best (to+inf.)尽力,努力get the best of胜过make the best of充分利用,妥善处理betv.赌,打赌n.打赌,赌注betrayv.背叛,出卖;暴露,流露,泄露bettera.较好的,更好的ad.更好(地)v.改良,改善n.较佳者,较优者for the better好转,改善get the betterr of占上风,胜过had better最好还是,应该betweenprep.在(两者)之间ad.当中,中间bewarev.当心,谨防bewilderv.使迷惑,难住beyondprep.在(或向)...的那边,远于;迟于;超出ad.在那边,在远处biasn./v.(使有)偏见,偏心,偏袒Biblen.圣经bicyclen.自行车bidv.祝愿;命令,吩咐;报价,投标n.出众,投标biga.大的,巨大的;重大的,重要的biken.自行车billn.账单;招贴,广告;单子,清单,(人员,职称等的)表;钞票billionnum./n.[美]十亿,[英]万亿bindv.捆,绑,包括,束缚biographyn.传记biologyn.生物学birdn.鸟,禽birthn.出生,分娩;出身,血统biscuitn.饼干,点心bitn.一点,一片,一些bitev./n.咬,叮n.一口bittera.(有)苦(味)的;痛苦的,厉害的blacka.黑(色)的,黑暗的n.黑人,黑色blackboardn.黑板blamev.责备;怪,怨,把…归咎于n.责任,过错;责备blanka.空白的,空着的;失色的,无表情的n.空白;表格blanketn.毛毯,毯子blastn.一阵(风),一股(气流);爆炸冲击波;管乐器或汽笛声v.爆炸,爆破blazen.火焰;火光;闪光,光辉v.燃烧,冒火焰bleaka.荒凉的;冷酷的;没有希望的bleedv.出血,流血blendn.混合(物)v.混和,混杂blessv.祝福,保佑blessingn.祈祷,祝福blinda.瞎的;盲目的v.使失明;蒙蔽n.百叶窗blockn.大块木料(或石料,金属);一排房屋,街区;阻塞v.阻塞,拦阻,封锁bloodn.血(液);血统,宗族,门第;血气,气质bloodya.流血的,血腥的bloomn.花(朵);开花(期)v.开花blossomn.花v.开花blowv.吹(气),充气,打气;吹响(乐器,号角等),吹风;爆炸,爆裂n.打,殴打,一击,打击bluea.(天)蓝色的,青的;伤心的,沮丧的,忧郁的n.蓝色blunderv.(因无知,粗心等而)犯大错;踉踉跄跄地走n.大错blunta.率直的;钝的v.(使)钝;(使)迟钝blushv./n.脸红boardn.板,木板,纸板;全体委员,委员会,部门;伙食;船舷v.上船(车,飞机)on board在船(车,飞机)上boastv.(of,about)自夸,夸耀n.自夸,大话boatn.小船,艇bodyn.身体,躯体,本体;主体;尸体;物体;(一)群,批,堆boilv.(使)沸腾,煮(沸)boilern.锅炉;煮器(壶,锅等)bolda.大胆的,勇敢的;冒失的;黑体的,粗体的boltn.螺栓,(门,窗的)插销v.闩(门),关窗,拴住bombn.炸弹v.投弹于,轰炸bondn.结合(物),粘结(剂),联结;公债,债券,契约bonen.骨(骼)bonusn.奖金,红利bookn.书(籍);卷,篇,册v.预定,订(票,房间等)boomv.迅速发展,兴旺;发出隆隆声bootn.(长统)靴boothn.电话亭,货摊bordern.边界,国界;边(沿)v.交界,与...接壤;接近borev.钻(孔),挖(洞),打眼,钻探;烦扰,使厌烦n.讨厌的人,麻烦事borna.出身于...的,天生的,生来的borrowv.借(用)bosomn.(心)胸bossn.工头,老板,上司v.指挥,支配,发号施令bothpron.二者,双方a.两,双both...and既...又...,两个都botherv.打扰,烦扰;烦恼,操心n.麻烦bottlen.瓶(子)v.装瓶bottomn.底(部);基础,根基;海底,湖底,河床boughn.大树枝,主枝bouncev.跳起,弹起n.(球)跳起,弹回boundv./n.跳(跃)a.被束缚的,理应...的,必定的,一定的;准备(或正在)到...去的,开往...的boundaryn.分界线,边界bowv./n.鞠躬,点头n.弓(形);蝴蝶结bowln.碗(状物),钵boxn.箱(子),盒(子);包厢v.拳击,打耳光boyn.男孩;男服务员,男仆boycottn./v.(联合)抵制,拒绝参与bracev.使防备,使受锻炼;支撑;使(手,足,肩等)绷紧n.托架,支架bracketn.(方)括号brainn.(大)脑,骨髓;[pl.]脑力,智能brakev./n.制动(器),闸,刹车branchn.(树)条,分支;分部,分店;(学科)分科,部门;支流,支脉,支线brandn.商标,标记,牌子v.使铭记;打火印,打烙印brandyn.白兰地酒brassn.黄铜,铜器bravea.勇敢的braveryn.大胆,勇敢breadn.面包breadthn.宽度,幅break v.打破,折断,破碎;使中止,打断;破坏,违反n.打断,中止;休息时间break away(from)脱离,逃跑break down损坏,分解,瓦解break in强行进入,闯入;打断,插嘴break into闯入break off断绝,结束break out突然发生,爆发;(of)逃出break through突破break up中止,结束;打碎,拆散breakdownn.垮,衰竭;损坏,故障,倒塌breakfastn.早饭,早餐v.吃早饭breastn.胸膛,乳房breathn.呼吸,气息catch one’s breath屏息,歇口气out of breath喘不过气来,上气不接下气breathev.呼吸,吸入breedv.(使)繁殖,生殖;产生,引起;教养,抚养,饲养n.品种,种类breezen.微风,和风briben.贿赂v.向...行贿,买通brickn.砖(状物)briden.新娘bridgen.桥(梁)v.架桥,建桥briefa.简短的,简洁的v.简短介绍,简要汇报in brief简单地说,简言之brighta.明亮的,辉煌的;聪明的,伶俐的;欢快的,美好的brillianta.光辉的,灿烂的;卓越的,有才华的brimn.边缘,帽沿bringv.带来,拿来;引起,导致bring about带来,造成bring down打倒,挫伤;降低bring forth产生,提出bring forward提出bring out使出现,使显明;公布,出版bring to使恢复知觉bring up教育,培养,使成长briska.轻快的;生气勃勃的;兴隆的Britainn.不列颠,英国Britisha.不列颠的;英国(人)的brittlea.易碎的,脆(弱)的broada.宽的,广阔的;广大的,广泛的;宽宏的,豁达的broadcastv./n.广播(节目)brochuren.小册子brokena.破碎(了)的bronzen.青铜(色),青铜制品brookn.小河,溪broomn.扫帚brothern.兄弟;同胞;教友brown.眉(毛);额brownn./a.褐色(的),棕色(的)brushn.刷(子),毛刷;画笔v.刷,擦,掸,拂;擦过,掠过brutala.残忍的;严峻的;严酷的bubblen.泡,水泡,气泡v.冒泡,起泡,沸腾bucketn.水桶,吊桶budn.芽,花苞v.发芽,含苞欲放budgetn.预算v.做预算buffetn.自助餐bugn.臭虫;小毛病;窃听器v.窃听buildv.造,建筑,建设,建立build up积累,堵塞;树立,逐步建立;增进,锻炼building n.建筑(物),房屋,大楼bulbn.灯泡,球状物bulkn.体积,容积;主体,大批,大量,大块in bulk散装;大批,大量bulln.公牛bulletn.子弹,枪弹bulletinn.公报,公告,告示bumpv.(against,into)碰,撞;颠簸着前进n.碰撞;隆起物bunchn.(一)簇,束,捆,串bundlen.捆,包,束burdenn.担子,负担,重担bureaun.署,局,司,处burnv.燃烧,烧毁,烧伤n.烧伤,灼伤burn out烧掉burn up烧起来,旺起来;烧完,烧尽burstv.爆裂,炸破;突然发生,突然发作n.突然破裂,爆发buryv.埋(葬),安葬;埋藏,遮盖busn.公共汽车trolley bus无轨电车bushn.灌木(从)businessn.商业,生意;事务,业务,职责on business因公,因事busya.忙的,繁忙的;(with)忙于...的v.使忙于butconj.可是,但是,而;除...外prep.除...外ad.只,仅仅,不过but for除...以外,倘没有,除非butchern.屠夫,卖肉者buttern.黄油,奶油v.涂黄油于...上butterflyn.蝴蝶buttonn.纽扣,按钮(开关)v.扣紧;扣上纽扣buyv.(购)买n.购买,买卖byprep.在...旁,靠近;被,由;经,沿,通过;不迟于,到...时为止;根据,按照;[表示方法,手段]靠,用,通过ad.在近旁,经过bypass/by-passn.旁路,迂回的旁道by-productn.副产品Ccabbagen.洋白菜,卷心菜cabinn.客舱,机舱;小(木)屋cabinetn.橱柜;内阁cablen.电报;电缆;缆,索,钢丝绳v.拍电报cafen.咖啡馆,(小)餐馆cafeterian.自助食堂cagen.鸟笼caken.饼,(蛋)糕calculatev.计算,推算;计划,打算calendarn.日历,月历calln.叫喊,呼声;(电话)通话v.叫(喊),招呼;把...叫做,称...为;(on,at)访问,拜访;打电话call for邀请;要求,需要call forth唤起,引起;振作起,鼓起call off放弃,取消call on/upon访问,拜访;号召,呼吁call up召集,动员;打电话;使人想起calma.(天气,海洋等)静的,平静的;镇静的,沉着的n.平静,风平浪静v.(使)平静;(使)镇定cameln.骆驼cameran.照相机,摄影机campn.野营,营地;帐篷,阵营v.设营,宿营campaignn.战役;运动campusn.(大学)校园canaux.v.能,会;可以;可能n.罐头v.装罐头Canadan.加拿大Canadiana.加拿大的n.加拿大人canaln.运河;(沟)渠cancelv.取消,把...作废;删去,划掉cancern.癌candidaten.候选人,候补者;报考者candlen.蜡烛candyn.糖果cannonn.大炮,火炮canoen.独木舟,小游艇canteenn.食堂canvasn.帆布;油画布,油画capn.便帽,军帽;盖,罩,套v.覆盖于...顶端capablea.有本领的,有能力的;(of)可以...的,能...的capacityn.容量,容积;能量,能力;接受力capitaln.首都,首府;大写字母;资本,资金a.首位的,最重要的,基本的capitalismn.资本主义capsulen.胶囊;太空舱captainn.首领,队长;船长;上尉v.做...的首领,指挥captiven.俘虏a.被俘虏的,被监禁的capturev./n.捕获,俘虏v.夺得,攻占carn.车(辆),汽车;(火车)车厢carbonn.碳carbon dioxide二氧化碳cardn.卡片,名片;纸牌;纸片ID card身份证credit card信用卡caren.小心,谨慎,注意;关怀,操心,照料v.(about)关心,介意,计较care for照管,关心;喜欢,意欲take care小心,当心take care of照顾,照料;承担,处理,负责careern.生涯,经历;专业,职业carefula.小心的,仔细的;细致的,精心的cargon.船货,货物carpentern.木工,木匠carpetn.地毯carriagen.(四轮)马车;(火车)客车厢carriern.搬运人;载体carrotn.胡罗卜carryv.运送,搬运;传送,传播;领,带carry off夺去carry on继续下去,坚持下去;从事,经营carry out贯彻,执行,实现cartn.(二轮货运)马车,手推车cartoonn.漫画,幽默画;动画片carvev.(雕)刻casen.箱,盒,容器;情况,事实;病例;案件in any case无论如何,总之in case假如,以防(万一),免得in case of假使,万一in no case决不cashn.现金,现款v.兑现,付(或收)现款cashiern.收银员,出纳员cassetten.盒子;盒式磁带castv.投,扔,掷,抛;铸造n.演员表castlen.城堡casuala.偶然的,碰巧的;临时的,非正式的casualtyn.伤亡人员;受害人catn.猫catalog/cataloguen.目录(册)v.编目(录)catchv.捕捉,捕获;赶上;感染;理解,听到catch on理解,明白catch up with追上,赶上categoryn.种类,类目cathedraln.大教堂Catholica.天主教的n.天主教徒cattlen.牛;牲口,家畜causen.原因,理由;事业,事件,奋斗目标v.使产生,引起cautionn.小心,谨慎;警告,告诫v.警告cautiousa.(of)小心的,谨慎的caven.洞,穴ceasev./n.停止,中止ceilingn.天花板celebratev.庆祝celln.细胞;小房间;蜂房;电池cellarn.地窑,地下室cementn.水泥;胶泥,胶接剂v.胶合;巩固,加强censusn.人口普查(调查)centn.分(币);百per cent百分之center/centren.中心(区),中央v.集中centigraden./a.摄氏温度计(的);百分度(的) centimetre/centimetren.厘米centrala.中心的,中央的,中枢的;主要的centuryn.世纪,(一)百年ceremonyn.典礼,仪式;礼节,礼仪certaina.某,某一,某些;(of)一定的,确信的,可靠的certainlyad.一定,必定,无疑;当然,行certaintyn.必然,肯定;必然的事certificaten.证(明)书,执照chainn.链(条);[pl.]镣铐;一连串,一系列,连锁v.用链条拴住chairn.椅子;主席(职位)chairmann.主席,议长,会长,董事长chalkn.粉笔,白垩challengen.挑战(书);艰巨任务,难题v.向...挑战chambern.房间,室championn.冠军,得胜者;拥护者,斗士chancen.机会;可能性,或然性;偶然性,运气v.碰巧,偶然发生by chance偶然,碰巧take a chance冒险一试changen.改变,变化;零钱,找头v.更换,调换,交换,互换;改变,变化channeln.海峡,水道;信道,波道;路线,途径chaosn.混乱,紊乱chaptern.章(节),回charactern.性格,品质,特性,特征;人物,角色;字符,(汉)字characteristica.(of)特有的,独特的n.特征,特性characterize/characterisev.表示...的特性;描述...特性chargev.索(价),要(人)支付,收费;控告,指控;充电n.[pl.]费用,代价;电荷,负荷in charge (of)负责,主管take charge of担任,负责charityn.慈善(团体),仁慈,施舍charmn.吸引力,魅力;美貌v.迷人,(使)陶醉;施魔法于charminga.迷人的,可爱的chartn.图,图表charterv.租船,租车n.宪章chasev./n.追逐,追求chatv./n.闲谈,聊天cheapa.便宜的;低劣的,不值钱的cheatv.欺骗;作弊n.骗子;欺诈,欺骗行为checkv.检查,核对;制止,控制;(凭票)托运或寄存n.(=cheque)检查,核对;方格图案,格子织物check in办理登记手续check out结帐后离开;检验,核查check up/(up)on校对,检查,检验check/chequen.支票cheekn.面颊,脸cheerv.(使)振奋,(使)高兴v./n.喝彩,欢呼cheer up使高兴,使振奋;高兴起来,振作起来cheerfula.愉快的,高兴的cheesen.干酪,乳酪chemicala.化学的n.[pl.]化学制品,化学药品chemist。

2011年真题完型填空部分precious a.宝贵的，珍贵的claim n.声明；宣称；断言to the contrary 与此相反（的）fitness n.健康blood vessel 血管oxygen n.氧气consumption n.消耗量，消费量jogging n.慢跑strain v.用力拉，拉紧；拉伤build v.发展，构成apparently ad.看来，似乎，好像date back to 自……存在至今，追溯到……年代tone n.（肌肉）结实、强壮【僻义】die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐平息conceivably ad.可想象地，可信地feedback n.反馈state n.状况，状态muscular a.肌肉的artificial a.人为的；非自然的enthusiastically ad.热心地；满腔热情地contract v.（使某物）紧缩或收缩【僻义】frown n.皱眉the other way around 相反地、倒过来、以相反方式阅读理解部分Text 1【词汇注释】Philharmonic n.爱乐乐团favorable a.称赞的sober-sided a.持重的，严肃的comparatively ad.比较上，相对地unpretentious a.不爱炫耀的air n.感觉；印象；神态formidable a.可怕的；令人敬畏的conductor n.指挥家orchestra n.管弦乐队hitherto ad.迄今composition n.音乐作品devoted a.挚爱的；忠诚的；全心全意的concertgoer n.音乐会常客substitute n.代替者；代替物instrumentalist n.乐器演奏家troupe n.演出团，剧团，歌舞团institution n.由来已久的习惯，制度markedly ad.显著地，明显地repertoire n.（剧团、表演者的）全部曲目/节目【词汇搭配】the talk of 讨论的话题to say the least 至少可以说with no air of 没有……的架子strike...as...给某人以……印象for one's part 就某人来说a variety of 各种各样的orchestral music 交响乐boot up 装入操作系统，启动计算机公众号：八爪丸子live/recorded performance 现场/录音演奏of one's choosing 自主选择bring about 引起，导致be capable of 具备能力expand the orchestra's repertoire 增加表演节目Text 2【词汇注释】straight a.坦率的，直截了当的cloak v.遮盖；掩盖vague a.含糊的，不明确的broadcast v.公开宣布（信息等）board n.董事会impulsive a.冲动造成的aspiration n.渴望，抱负，志向executive n.高管scrutinize v.仔细查看；认真检查succession n.继承，继任，继承权turbulent a.动荡的；动乱的cautious a.小心的；谨慎的pronouncement n.声明，公告，宣告cloud v.使模糊；给……蒙上阴影turnover n.人事变更率；人员调整率abound v.大量存在headhunter n.猎头instruct v.指示；命令sitting a.现任的recruiter n.招聘人员disgrace n.丢脸，耻辱【词汇搭配】depart as 辞去……职务come out 公开表明（同意或不同意）reflect on 认真思考succession plans 继任计划，接班人的培训计划get the nod 得到点头认可take hold 开始完全控制，变得十分强大deputy chiefs 副总裁，二把手pick up 恢复，改善adhere to 坚持，墨守，遵从attend to 处理；对付；照料；关怀Text 3【词汇注释】exploit v.运用，利用alternative a.可供替代的；其他的promote v.宣传（某物）以促进销售leverage v.利用alert n.警报，文中引申为“提醒”approach v.着手处理（事务、难题等）act v.充当；起作用initiator n.创始人，发起人define v.阐明；明确；界定traffic n.流量appeal n.吸引力voice v.表露，表达（感情或意见）hijack v.劫持asset n.财产，资产hostage n.人质，本文衍生为“劫持物”公众号：八爪丸子stakeholder n.利益相关者activist n.激进分子allegation n.说法，指控boycott v.抵制steep a.（上升或下降）突然的；急剧的alleviate v.减轻engage v.与……建立密切关系；尽力理解dominance n.支配，控制【词汇搭配】print advertisement 平面广告promote sth.to sb.将某物推荐给某人stem from 是……的结果，起源于be obsessed with 牵挂、着迷或痴迷于act as 充当，担任define...as...将……定义为……in one's infancy 处于萌芽状态，幼年期go further 走得更远，有更大发展the presence of ……的出现/存在user traffic 用户访问量dramatic technological changes 重大技术变革voice one's opinions 发表意见the opposite of ……的反面become hostage to 成为……的人质make negative allegations 发表负面评论apply pressure on 向……施加压力put sb./sth.at risk 使……处于危机中racall crisis 召回危机well-orchestrated 精心策划的engage with sb.与……接洽，交流Text 4【词汇注释】insightful a.富有洞察力的fulfilling a.让人感觉有意义的；令人满足的miserable a.不幸的，可怜的dampen v.使扫兴，使沮丧newsstand n.报摊pregnant a.怀孕的feature v.以……为特色persistently ad.持续不断地celebrate v.颂扬procreation n.生育provoke v.煽动，激励gape v.张开；裂开；豁开dumb a.愚钝的glamorous a.富有魅力的，诱人的happiness-enhancing a.提升幸福感的【词汇搭配】child rearing 育儿anything less than 绝不是moment-to-moment joy 即时即地的快乐day-to-day experience 日复一日的经历dampen one's moods 使人心情沮丧as well as 既……又……；此外mom-to-be 准妈妈be equivalent to 等同于公众号：八爪丸子be bothered with 受……困扰lean on 依赖，依靠on one's own 独自round-the-clock 日夜不停，夜以继日的a piece of cake 小菜一碟in a small way 以细微的方式contribute to 增加、增进新题型部分【词汇注释】professionalism n.专业化enthusiasm n.热切，热情humanities n.［复数］人文学科concern n.忧虑，担心，关切discipline n.知识领域，学科leading a.最重要的，首要的grounding n.基础训练canon n.原则，准则，标准glue n.胶，粘合剂professorship n.教授的级别（或职位等）post n.职务，岗位award v.授予（奖项、学位等）variety n.种类，类型non-specialist n.非专业人员qualification n.专业资格professionalise v.使专业化grant n.（政府、机构的）拨款faculty n.（大学的）系或院，全体教员acquisition n.（知识、技能等的）获得prerequisite n.先决条件，前提specialisation n.专业transmissible a.可传递的transferable a.可转用的，行得通的academic n.大学教师detach v.挣脱，脱离society n.［作可数名词时］社会（指有共同的法律、组织、习俗等的某个群体）inquiry n.调查，探索exclusionary a.排外的holistic a.整体的，全面的quite ad.完全地，真正地subtle a.微妙的，精致的intelligent a.睿智的，聪明的resistance n.抵抗，抵制capture v.捕捉；（准确地）表达、描述【经典搭配】seize on 突然大为关注，抓住drop out 退学；辍学go out of style 过时major in 主修，专攻have/get a grounding in sth.在某方面有基础educated person 受到良好教育的人end up with 以……结束；最终成为graduate school 研究生院，研究所cut across 抄近路穿过，径直穿过，与……相抵触liberal-arts education 文科教育embark on/upon sth.着手，开始（新的或艰难的事情）公众号：八爪丸子rise/increase fourfold 增加至四倍，增长了三倍take its toll (on sb./sth.)产生恶果；造成重大损失turn sb./sth.into sth.使某人或某物变成翻译部分【词汇注释】weaver n.织布工，编织者in-depth a.彻底的，深入详尽的assumption n.假定，假设erroneous a.错误的sustain v.使保持，使稳定持续illusion n.错觉presence n.出席，存在embody v.具体表现contention n.看法，观点justification n.正当理由rationalization n.合理化，理性化exploitation n.剥削，榨取superiority n.优越inferiority n.低等，卑微knee-jerk a.本能反应的prospect n.成功的机会，前途biographer n.传记作家sobering a.使人警醒的，使人清醒的upside n.（糟糕局面的）好的一面，正面array n.一系列，大量【经典搭配】be faced with 面临across with 符合，一致be designed to 被设计用于bring out 激发，激起be up to 取决于……的，须由……决定的【亮点表达】we are continually faced with 我们不断面对……be damaged by the presenceof 因……的出现而受到损害写作部分小作文部分【必备表达】inspirational a.给予启迪的self-discovery 自我发现aspirant a.有抱负的undergo v.经历"ugly duckling-swan"phase 丑小鸭变天鹅历程be true to oneself 忠于本心the glamour of fashion industry 时尚界的光鲜魅力【活用外刊】strike a chord with...引起……的共鸣add appeal to...为……增加吸引力大作文部分公众号：八爪丸子【必备表达】recklessly ad.不在意地scenery n.景色be littered with...充满……的spoil v.毁坏；破坏poignant criticism 尖锐犀利的批评uncivil conduct 不文明行为scenic spot 景点casually ad.不经意地no big deal 没什么了不起的passer-by 过客swallow up 吞没for one thing...for another...一方面……另一方面……relevant authorities 相关部门supervise v.监督law breaker 违法者shared efforts 共同的努力landscape n.风景magnificent a.壮丽的ancient monument 古迹tourism industry 旅游产业scenery/scenicspot/touristattraction 景区household garbage 生活垃圾the deterioration of our environment at tourist spots 景区环境退化【活用外刊】clutter v.乱堆放/n.杂乱的东西a clutter of 形容放置混乱的物品assume responsibility for...接受……的责任2012年真题完型填空部分ethical a.伦理的，道德的justice n.法官legitimacy n.合法，合理，正当guardian n.保护者；守卫者the rule of law 法治impartial a.公正的，中立的code n.道德准则judiciary n.司法部，司法系统framer n.制定者envision v.展望；想象apart from 远离，脱离开permanent a.永久的，永恒的constitutional a.宪法的，立宪的fundamental a.基本的，根本的inescapably ad.不可避免地ideological a.意识形态的阅读理解部分Text 1【词汇注释】whisper v.小声说，耳语contend v.主张，坚决认为recipient n.接受者state-sponsored a.州政府资助的perceptive a.敏锐的，有洞察力的critique n.批评，评论lameness n.缺陷，不足之处spot-on a.准确的公众号：八爪丸子mobilize v.调动，动员glaring a.明显的probe v.探索，探究subtle a.不易察觉的，微妙的bureaucrat n.官员、官僚steer n.引导virtuous a.有道德的tactic n.方法，策略engineer v.策划，设计【僻义】【经典搭配】whispered message 耳语peer pressure 同侪压力lead to no good 带不来什么好事social cure 社会治疗group dynamics 群体互动in action 进行中的，正在发挥作用的set out to do sth.开始做某事HIV-prevention initiative 预防艾滋病毒的倡议dare to do sth.敢于做某事desire nothing more than...最渴望……fit in 融入，合群take a page from sb.向某人学习general effectiveness 整体效果a glaring flaw 明显的缺陷lasting changes 持久的变化exert influence on sth.对某事产生影响positive/negative health habits 积极/消极健康习惯break up 拆开the back row 后排pair A with B 将A 和B 配对insist on doing sth.坚持做某事Text 2【词汇注释】involve v.包含，牵连supplier n.供应者，供应商justified a.合理的；无可厚非的outrage n.义愤，愤怒longstanding a.长时间的constitutionality n.合宪性desperate a.不顾一切的，孤注一掷的surface v.（隐藏或掩盖一段时间后）浮出水面，显露reactor n.反应堆approval n.赞成，批准，认可operate v.工作，运转subject a.取决于；视……而定legislature n.立法机关foresee v.预见，预知partial a.部分的，不完全的collapse n.突然倒下；倒塌；坍塌leakage n.渗漏；泄漏invalid a.无效的regulatory a.管理的，控制的obscure a.不分明的，费解的precedent-setting a.开创先例的patchwork n.拼缝物，补丁pledge v.保证给予、正式承诺review v.复审，重新考虑公众号：八爪丸子defy v.藐视，蔑视，违抗withdraw v.撤回【经典搭配】energy supplier 能源供应商renege on 背信弃义，食言alongstandingcommitmentto 对……的一项长期承诺abide by 遵守challenge the constitutionality of 质疑……的合宪性federal court 联邦法院a desperate effort 拼死努力as a condition of 作为……的条件seek permission from 获取……的许可extension of the license 许可证延期be subject to 服从，受……支配，取决于live by 按照某种信念或原则生活、做事；遵守a string of 一连串raise questions about...引起对……的质疑keep one's words 遵守承诺beside the point 与讨论的问题无关，无关紧要go to war with 与……开战pledge to do 保证，发誓keep in mind 牢记Text 3【词汇注释】idealize v.（使）理想化context n.背景，环境subsequent a.随后的，后来的misinterpretation n.误解self-deception n.自欺deceptiveness n.欺骗protoscience n.源科学stake v.用桩支撑，标桩mining n.采矿scrutiny n.仔细而彻底的检查credibility n.可信，可靠inspection n.检查，审查intellectual a.智力的interaction n.相互作用，相互影响paradox n.悖论，自相矛盾的话duplication n.重复，复制modification n.修改，修饰refutation n.辩驳，反驳novelty n.新奇的事物physiologist n.生理学家inspire v.激发想法、启发、启迪correspond v.相一致、符合revise v.校订，修正conception n.理解；概念【经典搭配】idealized version 理想方式carry out one's work 开展工作follow a...route 沿着……路径prior knowledge 先验知识opportunities for...……的可能性stake (out)a claim 公开声明对……拥有所有权公众号：八爪丸子full of potential 充满潜能transform...into 将……转变为……take control of 掌控act as 担任……角色work one's way through 排除困难朝特定方向前进be viewed as 被视为not surprisingly 毫不奇怪地appear to be 貌似……open to challenge 面对挑战happen to 突然降临到……身上correspond to 相当于Text 4【词汇注释】represent v.为……代言，维护……的利益prime n.全盛时期unionized a.加入到工会的bright a.聪明的dominate v.支配，控制，影响fearsome a.可怕的，害怕的budget n.预算patrol v.巡查，巡逻backload v.回程装载modest a.些许的，不太大（或太贵等）generous a.大量的，丰富的secure v.（尤指经过努力）获得augment v.增加，增大oppose v.反对，反抗notoriously ad.出名地academy n.私立中学，学院，学会variable n.可变的事物，可变的量hardline a.强硬的，不妥协的norm n.标准，规范【经典搭配】civil servants 公务员be in one's prime 正值鼎盛时期public sector 公共部门private sector 私有部门left-of-centre politics 中左政治go back a long way 由来已久Labor Party 工党as its name implies 顾名思义at the...level 在……层面/范围state's budget 州政府预算keep an eye on 密切留意work practices 工作惯例、体制pay deals 工资协定charter schools 特许学校merit pay 绩效工资get rid of 摆脱clamp down 镇压rally against 召集人群以反对……norms of culture 文化标准civil services 行政部门stay out 保持不变high achievers 成功人士fat pay packets 丰厚工资attract much criticism 饱受指摘新题型部分【词汇注释】公众号：八爪丸子fleeting a.短暂的，飞逝的laptop n.笔记本电脑，便携式电脑brown-paper a.牛皮纸的envelope n.信封，封皮marvel n.奇迹inheritor n.（生活或思想的）继承人entrepreneur n.企业家visionary n.梦想家，有远见的人labour v.辛勤工作，努力studio n.录音室，播音室；工作室distribution n.分配，分发reception n.接收；接待celebrate v.赞美，称颂upload v.（信息、计算机程序等）上传beaver n.海狸superfluous a.多余的，不必要的sculpture n.雕刻，雕塑architecture n.建筑stuck a.不能动；不能继续做某事advent n.出现，到来pyramid n.金字塔modify v.修改，更改tap n.水龙头（文中为比喻用法）flow v.流动stickiness n.粘性；吸引人adhere v.粘着，依附，追随precisely ad.恰好，正是strip v.除去，剥夺constituent n.成分，构成humanity n.人性millennium n.千禧年embed v.使嵌入access v.到达，进入，使用spark v.引起，导致shape v.对……有影响mount v.发起，施加bear v.具有，带有，显示persistence n.持续、持久性reverse v.颠倒，彻底改变【经典搭配】a dream come true 梦想成真printing press 印刷机the mail carrier 邮差act with caution 步步小心，言行谨慎commercial agenda 商业模式at work 在起作用，在运作中move through 穿过，通过（movethrough the world 在文中比喻“动物在世上生存”）turn around 反过来，扭转过来strip sb.of sth.剥夺（头衔、财产或权力）（A 项）翻译部分【词汇注释】characterize v.以……特征enterprise n.（尤指艰巨而重大的）事业commonality n.普遍性，共性explicatory a.解释的unification n.统一generative a.生成的equation n.等式，公式simplification n.简化公众号：八爪丸子dimension n.范围universe n.领域entail v.牵涉，使（某事物）必要justification n.证明为正当，辩护trace v.追溯，追查constrained a.受限制的，受约束的bewildering a.令人眼花缭乱的courtship n.求爱ritual n.仪式cognitive a.认知的comparative a.比较的trait n.特性consider v.讨论universality n.普遍性initiate v.发起，创始innate a.天生的acquisition n.（语言）习得dictate v.命令，支配unfold v.展现，充分表现empirical a.经验主义的identify v.确定，辨认constraint n.限制，束缚track v.穿过，通过predict v.预言，预测lineage n.宗族，谱系【经典搭配】filter out...from...过滤courtship rituals 示爱仪式in terms of 在某一方面，从某方面来说in the light of 根据，按照result from 由……造成family tree 谱系bear out 证实【亮点表达】bind...into...束缚，约束take sth.to extreme 把某事物推向极端itseemsreasonabletosupposethat 似乎有理由认为put sth.to the test 使受考验、检验be independent of 不相关的，不受影响的strong co-dependencies between...紧密互依性、相互依赖写作部分小作文部分【必备表达】facilitate v.使便利，促进overcome language barriers 克服语言障碍practice diligently 勤练it is advisable to...建议……boast v.有，以拥有……而自豪fulfilling a.有意义的，实现自我的【活用外刊】culture shock 文化冲击get acquainted with （使某人或自己）开始了解、熟悉某事be familiar with 熟悉、精通……大作文部分公众号：八爪丸子【必备表达】get tipped over 被打翻在地spill v.泼洒，使溅出gloomy a.沮丧的，情绪低落的wear a ...look 面带……之色lament v.悲叹agreeably ad.愉悦地reach out 伸手去拿confront v.（问题或困境）降临于spell v.（通常是坏事）招致，意味着spur v.鞭策，激励self-evident a.不言而喻的，明显的adversity n.逆境strike v.打击a comprehensive perspective 辩证全面的眼光keep forging ahead 快速前进，不断进步optimistic a.乐观的optimist n.乐观者positive a.积极的bright a.光明的promising a.有前途的sanguine a.乐观的pessimistic a.悲观的pessimist n.悲观者negative a.消极的grim a.（前景）暗淡的despair v./n.绝望【活用外刊】curse one's luck 骂自己运气不好look for a silver lining 在困境中寻找一线光明2013年真题完型填空部分unbiased a.公正的，无偏见的speculate v.推测，猜测sentence v.宣判，判决defendant n.被告turn to 改用，开始转向（新的方法、新的对象等）admission n.允许进入，录用scale n.等级，级别in conjunction with sb./sth.与某人/某物一起candidate n.应试者，投考者otherwise ad.用别的方法，在另外的情况下阅读理解部分Text 1【词汇注释】version n.版本descend v.下降；下去bargin n.便宜货doubtless ad.无疑地；确定地feverish a.发热的；焦躁不安的indictment n.起诉书；控告label n.标签；商标anticipate v.预期，期望公众号：八爪丸子turnaround n.转变；转向inventory n.存货，存货清单disposable a.可任意处理的wash n.洗涤，洗一水dirt-cheap a.非常便宜的hijack v.抢劫victim n.受害人；牺牲品knit n.编织衣物strain v.滥用non-durable a.不耐用的roughly ad.概略地craft n.工艺；手艺curb v.控制exhibit v.表现出；显示idealism n.理想主义sustainability n.持续性；永续性vanity n.虚荣心constant n.恒量【经典搭配】played by 由……饰演scold sb.for sth.因……斥责某人descend from...to...由……降至……over the years 这些年来，多年来fashion show 时装秀，时装展out of date 过时at odds with 与……相矛盾react to 对……做出反应anticipate demand 预测需求style-conscious consumers 有时尚意识的消费者last only a wash or two 只禁得住洗一两次on-trend items 正流行的物品at dirt-cheap price 以极低的价格long accustomed to 长久以来习惯于……be limited to 仅限于……rely on 依赖，依靠order in volumes 大量下订单massive amount of 大量的fill a hunger and need 满足食欲和需求nomatterhowmuch/how many/when/how...无论多少/什么时候/如何……towards the end of 在……即将结束之时assb.isthefirst tonote/mention/write 正如被……首次注意到/提到/写到的一样it takes sb ...to do sth.花费……做某事knock off 迅速而轻松地完成make efforts to do sth.努力做某事curb one's impact on 控制……对……的影响collection line 某一时装系列effect lasting change 生成持久的变化common to 常见于某一群体之中shop sustainably 可持续性购买，绿色购物Text 2【词汇注释】公众号：八爪丸子fraction n.部分behavioural a.行为的illustrate v.阐明，举例说明fine-grained a.精准的assume v.假定track v.追踪explicit a.明确的；清楚的permission n.允许，许可browser n.浏览器alliance n.联盟，联合default n.系统默认值horrify v.使恐惧；惊骇setting n.设置preference n.偏爱，倾向oblige v.迫使；强制comply v.遵守；顺从guarantee n.保证favourably ad.有利地blog v.发博客【经典搭配】An old saying has it that...常言道……The trouble is...问题是……advertising budget 广告预算in the internet age 在互联网时代at least in theory 至少在理论上search for 搜索click on 点击aim sth.at sb.使某物针对某人most likely to do sth.最有可能做某事in the past couple of weeks 在过去的几周里fine-grained information 精准信息explicit permission 明确许可Federal Trade Commission FTC ，美国联邦贸易委员会internet browser 互联网浏览器due to do sth.预定做某事get crack on 加快做某事的速度respond to 对……做出反应set off the row 挑起争论human nature being what it is 人性使然stick with 坚持chief executive 最高层管理者worse off 恶化，情况更坏better off 情况好转oblige sb.to do sth.迫使某人做某事object to 反对press on 坚定地继续go it alone 单独行动，独自干comply with 顺从，遵从work out 想出，得出huge selling point 大卖点compare...favourably with...将……与……进行有利对比on that count 在那一方面Text 3【词汇注释】vision n.美景；幻象uniformly ad.一致地glowingly ad.白热地；灼热地ill n.不幸；困难公众号：八爪丸子fulfilment n.实现，完成utopia n.乌托邦（理想中最美好的社会）unfashionable a.过时的；不时髦的appreciation n.认识；理解asteroid n.小行星epidemic a.流行的；传染性的tempt v.诱惑gloominess n.悲观；沮丧misplace v.放错地方endure v.持续Homo sapiens 智人（现代人的学名）adaptable a.能适应的flagship n.旗舰mechanical a.机械的wilfully ad.任性固执地dazzlingly ad.耀眼地fiction n.小说；虚构futurologist n.未来学家envisage v.想象publication n.出版物considerable a.相当大的assurance n.保证descendant n.后裔；子孙pessimistic a.悲观的fad n.时尚；一时流行的狂热rosy a.美好的knowledgeable a.知识渊博的【经典搭配】by no means 绝不glowingly positive 极为乐观cure ills 治疗疾病，解决问题lead to 通往，引入gain an appreciation of...获得对……的认识face a threat 面临威胁asteroid strike 小行星撞击be tempted to 禁不住……look forward to 展望，期盼fossil record 化石记录have an excellent chance 大有希望look up 查阅threatened species 濒危物种result in 导致，致使population decline 种群衰落，人口下降flagship project 旗舰项目mark time 计时thousands of years hence此后数千年immediate/near future 近期未来，不久的将来social consequence 社会影响it's best to do sth.最好做某事launch a publication 发行一本刊物dedicated to 致力于take a ...view 采取……的视角a surprising amount 惊人的数量identify a pattern 识别出一种模式shape the history of...塑造……的历史make forecast 作出预测long perspective 长远视角pessimistic view 悲观看法a passing fad 一时的风尚to be sure 的确，诚然reduce risk 减少风险公众号：八爪丸子threaten the existence of...威胁……的生存improve the lot of 改善……命运Text 4【词汇注释】Constitution n.宪法defeat n.失败overturn v.推翻，倾覆contest v.质疑，提出异议provision n.规定，条款fashion v.使成形，做成parallel a.平行的deliberately ad.谨慎地，慎重地intrude v.闯入，侵入privileged a.享有特权的verify v.核实；查证enforcement n.执行conflict v.冲突statute n.法规；法令robust a.强有力的assertion n.声明invalidate v.使无效legitimate a.合法的exclusively ad.唯一地；专有地administration n.管理；行政rightly ad.合适地；恰当地remarkable a.值得注意的；惊人的【经典搭配】knock out 破坏、使无效on the matter of 在……的问题上upset the balance of powerbetween...打破两者间力量的平衡（使情况向有利自身的方向发展）have sb.do sth.使某人做某事run parallel to 与……平行contested provision 受质疑条款intrude on 侵犯，违背privileged powers 特权come in contact with 接触到law enforcement 执法agree with 同意conflict with 与……相抵触、冲突go back to 追溯到turn on 以……为中心、取决于comply with 遵守；符合to the letter 丝毫不差；不折不扣in effect 实际上，事实上in essence 实际上，其实carry out 执行、贯彻、完成、实现新题型部分【词汇注释】flouring a.繁荣的academia n.学术界swell v.增加，上涨enormous a.庞大的，巨大的sustainable a.可持续的agro-technological a.农业技术的eradicate v.根除artificial a.人造的fertilizer n.肥料paraphrase v.（用更容易理解的文字）解释公众号：八爪丸子destruction n.破坏，毁灭disciplinary a.学科的internal a.内部的external a.外部的tackle v.处理accumulation n.积聚，累积trick n.窍门，技巧direct v.控制，管理specifically ad.专门地，特意地collaborative a.合作的，协作的endeavor n.努力integrate v.使……完整；使……成整体demographic a.人口统计学的marine a.海洋的mindset n.心态，思维方式evolve v.发展specialized a.专业的stem v.阻止consumption n.消费；消耗reluctant a.不情愿的；勉强的cross-cutting n.跨领域，交叉【经典搭配】as of 直至，在……时not necessarily 不一定，未必so long as 只要be up in arms over sth.对某事强烈反对翻译部分【词汇注释】speculate v.推测irrepressible a.抑制不住的strike v.使意识到（尤指强烈地），突然想到，猛然意识到speak of 显示出urge n.强烈的欲望；冲动turbulence n.（环境或情绪的）混乱，迷惑sacred a.神圣的；受崇敬的crude a.粗糙的，简陋的，未精加工的composure n.镇静，沉着，宁静discerniblea.可识别的；可辨别inarticulate a.沉默无言的intrinsic a.固有的，内在的，本质的demoralization n.道德败坏，精神颓废，士气消沉，自暴自弃oppression n.压抑，沉闷，苦恼vanish v.消失；突然不见；消亡unfeasible a.不能实行的，难实施的implicit a.不言明的；含蓄的；隐含的synthetic a.合成的，人造的biophilia n.热爱生命的天性yearning n.思念，渴望uncanny a.神秘的【经典搭配】in the midst of 在……之中；在……的时候in effect 事实上，实际上be deprived of 丧失；被剥夺give in to 屈服于公众号：八爪丸子【亮点表达】There is no doubt that...……是毋庸置疑的wh-ever/however 无论/不管……blame sth.on sb./sth.把某坏事归咎于某人/某事写作部分小作文部分【必备表达】host n.主持人plain a.简单的，平实的contemporary a.当代的perseverance n.坚持不懈late a.已故的heartbreakingly ad.使人心碎地extraordinary a.非凡的intellectual n.知识分子diligent a.勤奋的【活用外刊】benefit...alike 使……都受益at earliest convenience方便时请早日……大作文部分【必备表达】a flock of 一群a fork in the road 分岔路口an air of...……的样子dilemma n.困境it's imperative to...必须……make a prudent and sensible decision 做出谨慎而明智的决定an objective appraisal of one's abilities 对自己的能力进行客观评估It may sound cliche ……也许听起来陈词滥调set one's heart on...对……下定决心compass n.指南针make an optimal choice 做出最优选择choice/option/selection 选择life path 人生道路life journey 人生旅程make a wise/good choice 做出明智的/好的选择make a careful choice/carefully choose from 小心地选择【活用外刊】hunt for jobs 求职，找工作go a long way to/toward 对……大有帮助/好处2014年真题完型填空部分acquaintance n.相识的人，熟人occurrence n.（事件的）发生，发生的事senior n.老年人，较年长的人innocent a.无害的，无恶意的公众号：八爪丸子systematically ad.系统地，成体系地modify v.稍改，修改，（尤指）使改进resistance n.抵抗力，抗力，耐力vary v.使某事物有变化，改变阅读理解部分Text 1【词汇注释】Chancellor n.大臣，长官Exchequer n.英国财政部upfront a.预先的，预付的eligible a.有资格的，符合条件的fortnightly ad.两星期一次地，每两周地allowance n.津贴，补贴claim v.声称，断言benefit n.津贴，救济金complete with 装备有某事物，具有某特点indulgent a.放纵的，纵容的subsidise v.给……津贴或补助zeal n.热心，热情claimant n.申请人，要求者prospect n.可能性，机会，希望psychologically ad.心理上地embarrassing a.使人尴尬的，令人为难的feed v.养活instinct n.本能dependency n.依赖性ready a.愿意falsehood n.错误，虚伪insure v.保证，确保unconditional a.无条件的，无限制的payment n.支付款，支付的金额entitlement n.拥有或获得某物的权利insurance n.保障，保障措施【经典搭配】introduce a scheme 引进/推行一项计划only if...will...只有……才能……register for 登记、注册be eligible for 有资格的sign on 注册，登记stay off...远离……those on benefits 那些依靠救济生活的人get into work 找到工作on first hearing 乍听之下demand sth.from sb.要求某人做某事skip down 蹦蹦跳跳with a song in one's heart 心哼小曲、暗自兴奋delighted at the prospect of 因对……的憧憬而兴奋double your income 收入翻番be excluded from 被排除在……之外first instinct 第一直觉too ready to 非常愿意……，过分愿意……公众号：八爪丸子ever-tougher 日益严厉insure...against the risk of 保障……抵抗……风险unconditional payment 无条件支付conditional on 以……为条件Text 2【词汇注释】generate v.引发（某种感情）；造成（某种情况）hostility n.敌意，愤怒ground n.（常复数）充分的理由inflation n.通货膨胀（率）skyscraper n.摩天大楼pile v.蜂拥，拥挤nuisance n.（法律）妨碍公共利益的行为filer n.诉讼律师tort n.民事侵权行为costly a.昂贵的，代价高的excessive a.过多的，过分的path n.（达到或成就某事的）途径，方式the bar 法律专业（人士），法律界sensible a.明智的，合理的，实际的around ad.存在着body n.团体，机构implement v.实施，落实stern a.严厉的，严格的liberalize v.使自由化，放松对……的限制【经典搭配】all around the world 全世界范围内generate hostility 招惹敌意with the possible exception of...……可能排除在外have grounds for...有……的理由the economic crisis 经济危机legal services 法律服务make skyscrapers-full of money 赚得盆满钵满pile into 涌入the tort system 民事侵权法律系统excessive costs 高昂的费用；过高的代价legal education 法律教育the American Bar Association 美国律师协会the bar exam 律师资格考试average law-school graduate 普通的法学院毕业生on top of 除……之外work fearsomely hard 拼命努力工作for a long time 一段时间state-level body 州级机构too conservative to...太过保守以至于不能……sit for the bar 参加律师资格考试a would-by lawyer 想要成为律师的人cut...by a third将……削减三分之一guild-like ownership structure 行会式所有权结构公众号：八爪丸子from within the profession 从该行业内部isolate...from...使……远离……law firm 律师事务所professional manager 职业经理人focus on 聚焦于……after all 毕竟Text 3【词汇注释】Fundamental physics 基础物理学string n.一连串，一系列lucrative a.利润丰厚的，赚大钱的telephone-number-sized 像电话号码一样长的benefactor n.捐助者，捐资人a handful of 几个，少数class n.阶级，社会等级upstart a.暴富的exercise n.（为达到某种结果而进行的）活动，任务self-promotion 自我宣传distort v.扭曲，使失真peer review 同行评审，专家互相评阅cement v.加强，巩固status quo 现状perpetuate v.使持续scattered a.分散的distribute v.分配，分散recipient n.接受者，领受者outgrow v.长得太大了而不适用collaborative a.合力的，协作的row n.争论，争议boson n.玻色子legitimacy n.合法性，正统性mechanism n.机制gratitude n.感激，感谢grace n.优美，优雅【经典搭配】Fundamental Physics Prize 基础物理学奖be far from sth.远非……a string of 一连串，一系列be funded from 由……资助telephone-number-sized bankaccounts 巨额银行存款draw (sb)attention to...吸引对……的注意力news feature 新闻专题、特写you cannot buy class 金钱买不来地位draw...into...把……吸引入……make one's career在事业上有所成就some legitimate concerns about...一些关于……的合理担忧take a...view of sth.以……的眼光看某事when it comes to 当提及……的时候，涉及……的时候set up 设立as much as 尽管很……complain about 对……抱怨rather than 而不是公众号：八爪丸子Text 4【词汇注释】affirm v.确认，证实，断言the humanities and social sciences 人文与社会科学regrettably ad.令人遗憾地address v.处理，解决congressional a.国会的，议会的excellence n.优点，卓越top-tier 顶尖的，一流的prominent a.突出的，杰出的admirable a.值得赞扬的，可贵的presuppose v.预先设定，以……为先决条件informed a.了解情况的，见多识广的citizenry n.公民，市民（集合称）craft v.精制coherent a.连贯的curriculan.课程，课程体系（curriculum 的复数）illiberal a.缺乏人文教育的；无需人文教育的deprive v.剥夺，夺取，使丧失inquiry n.调查，质询，探究vehicle n.工具，传播媒介progressive a.进步的，不断前进的routinely ad.例行公事地，惯常地portray v.描述，描绘self-reliance 自力更生，自给自足display v.显示，展示obscure v.掩盖illuminate v.阐明，说明【经典搭配】deserve praise 值得赞扬liberal democracy 自由民主制the true nature 真实本质liberal education 人文教育cause more harm than good 招致更多损害而非好处take actions 采取行动individual benefactor 个人捐助者top-tier-university president 顶尖大学校长business executive 企业高管prominent figure 重要人物representative government 代议制政府an informed citizenry 开明的公民群体full literacy 全民教育digital technology 数字技术call for 呼吁coherent curricula 连贯的课程bring sth.to bear on/upon sth.用某物对某物施加压力/影响international affairs 国际事务study abroad program 留学项目in the making 在发展中，在形成中get to the heart of the matter 直击问题核心be deprived of 丧失，被剥夺at home 驾轻就熟，运用自如liberal idea 人文思想公众号：八爪丸子。

2011-2012英语词汇accommodate 使适应，使符合一致accommodate oneself to changed circumstances accompany 陪伴，伴随She was accompanied to a dinner by her friend.accomplish 达到（目的），完成（任务），实现（计划，诺言等）accomplish one's purpose accord 使符合，相一致(with) His violent action do not accord with his peaceful words. account 记述，叙述give a brief account of what has happenedaccumulate 积累，积攒，积聚accumulate wisdomaccurate 准确的，精确的an accurate estimateaccuse 指控，指责They accused her publicly of stealing their books.accustom 使习惯于accustom oneself to rising (to rise) earlyacquaint 使认识，使了解activate 使活动起来，使开始起作用，启动They have planted secret agents in many countrieswho could be activated whenever needed. acute 尖锐的，敏锐的an acute thinkeraddress 演说 a television addressadhere 黏附，附着Paste is used to make one surface adhere to another.adjacent 临近的，毗邻的(to) a city and its adjacent suburbsadjoin 贴近，与...毗邻His house adjoins the lake.administrate 掌管，料理...的事务In many Japanese homes, the funds are administrated by thewife.adolescent （尤指16岁以下的）青少年 a film aimed at adolescentsadvance 使向前移动advance a chessmanadvantage 有利条件，优点Sitting Presidents hold built-in advantages when seeking anotherterm.adverse 不友好的，敌对的She felt adverse to her husband's friends.advocate 拥护，提倡，主张advocate self-defenceaesthetic 美学的，艺术的，审美an aesthetic theoryaffliliate 使隶属（或附属）于，使成为会员 a government affiliated companyaffirm 断言，申明affirm the truth of a statementaggravate 加重，加剧，恶化aggravate the declining economyaggressive 侵犯的，侵略的an aggressive weaponagitate 搅动（液体等）The machine agitated the mixture.alarm 惊恐，忧虑The bandits scattered in alarm.alert 警惕的，留神的In our reading we should always be alert for new usages.allege 断言，宣称The newspaper alleges the mayor's guilt.allocate 分配，分派，把...拨给allocate funds for new projectsallied 结盟的，有关联的allied nationsallowance 津贴，补贴，零用钱 a housing allowancealternate 交替，轮流Night and day alternate.amateur （艺术，科学等的）业余爱好者an amateur golferambiguous 含糊不清的，模棱两可的an ambiguous answeramend 修改，修订amend the spelling in sb.'s paperamuse 逗乐，逗笑，给...提供娱乐（或消遣）The clown at the circus amused the children. anchor 锚The anchor catches (drags).announce 宣布，声称It is officially announced that he will not run for reelection.annoy 使恼怒，使生气She was annoyed at (with) his lightheard attitude.anonymous 匿名的，无名的an anonymous letter (phone call)anticipate 预期，预料The directors anticipated a fall in demand (that demand would fall). apart 成零碎Such cheap clothes come apart after a few washings.apparent 显然的，明明白白的It was apparent that they all understood.applaud 鼓掌，喝彩，叫好The audience applauds the performers for three minutes.apply 涂，敷He applied two coats of paint to the table.appoint 任命，委派They appointed his father (to be 或as) postmaster.appraise 估量，估计appraise the infant's weightappreciate 感激I appreciated your help much.apprehend 对...担心Do you apprehend that there will be any difficulty?approach 靠近，接近John is approaching manhood.appropriate 恰当的，相称的Plain, simple clothes are appropriate for school wear.approve 赞成，同意I couldn't approve his conduct.approximate 大概的，大约的，近似的The approximate time is 10 o'clock.apt （习性）易于......的，有......倾向的 A careless person is apt to make mistakes.arbitrary 随心所欲的，个人武断的，任意的an arbitrary choicearise 起立，起身arise from one's seatarouse 使......奋发 A man like Tom will be aroused. Don’t worry.array 排列，队形The troops were formed in battle array.articulate 发音清晰的，善于表达的He is articulate about everything in the field ofeconomics.artificial 人工的，人造的，人为的artificial price controlsascend 登高，（渐渐）上升，升高The airplane ascended into the cloud.ascertain 查明，弄清，确定I ascertained that he was dead.ashamed 惭愧的，羞耻的I am ashamed for being so stupid.ashore 向岸，向陆地He swam ashore.aside 在旁边We stood aside to let her pass.assault 攻击，袭击We made an assault on the enemy fort.assemble 集合，召集assemble the members of Parliament for a special meeting.assert 肯定地说（出），坚定地断言He asserted his innocence.assess 估价，评价，评论assess the present state of the economyassign 分配，布置（作业）The teacher assigned (us) a new lesson.assimilate 吸收，消化He is quick to assimilate new ideas.associate （使）联系，（使）结合We naturally associated the name of Darwin with the doctrineof evolution.assume 假定，假设Farmers will have a bumper harvest, assuming (that) the weather sifavarable.assure 深信不疑地对......说，向......保证assurance 保证，把握，信心He gave me his assurance that he would help.astonish 使惊讶I was astonished at his sudden appearance.attach 系，贴，连接attach a label to a suitcaseattain 达到，获得attain one’s goalattend 出席，参加（会议等）attend a weddingattendance 出席，参加，出席人数，出席率Our class has perfect attendance today. attentive 注意的，专心的an attentive audienceattribute 把归因于，把......（过错的责任等）归于(to) He attributed his success to hard work. auxiliary 辅助的an auxiliary rocketavail 有利于，有助于Will force alone avail us?average 平均数，平均The paper receives an average of nearly 100 articles a day.avert 挡开，防止，避免Many traffic accidents can be averted by courtesy.awake 醒，觉醒awake from sleepbang （突发的）sudden loud bangbare 赤裸的，光秃的，空无内容的walk in bare feetbeforehand 预先，事先If you wanted soup for lunch you should have told me beforehand. behave 举止端正，听话Do behave.bewilder 使迷惑，使糊涂I’m bewildered as to which one to buy.bias 偏见，偏心have a bias against sb.(或sth.)blame 责备，责怪Public opinion blames Mrs Smith for leading the girl astray.blast 一阵（风），一股（气流） a blast of windblaze 火焰The fire sprang into a blaze.blunt 钝的The sun was blazing down and the heat was oppressive.blush （因害羞、激动、窘困）脸红blush with(或for) joyboast 自吹自擂，自夸的话He is full of boasts.bolt 螺栓，（门，窗的）插销 a small bag of nuts and boltsboom 低沉有回响的声音The great bell tolled with a deep boom.border 边界，边境，边沿 a district on the Kampuchean side of the border with Thailand bore 钻孔，挖（通道）bore through a wallbound 跳跃，弹回She bounded to her feet and waved her right hand triumphantly.boycott （联合起来）抑制，拒绝参加boycott uncooperative manufacturesbrace 托架，支架He braced his muscles and lifted the weight.breed （使）繁殖Rabbits breed families rapidly.bribe 贿赂accept(或take)a bribe from sb.brief 短暂的，简短的，简洁的 a brief holidaybrisk 轻快的，生气勃勃的 a brisk pacebrittle 易碎的，一碰就破的brittle glassbrush 刷子，毛刷 a laundry brushbump 碰，撞(against, into) The truck bumped against the wall in the dark.burst 爆炸，爆裂The boiler burst.calculate 计算，推算calculate the distance between New York and Chicagocapture 俘虏，捕获capture butterfliescase 事例，事实，事情This is a case of poor judgment.cast 投，扔，抛，撒，掷cast doubt(s) on the feasibility of a schemecasual 偶然的，无计划的，随便的，非正式的 a casual meetingcease 停止，终止，结束The music ceased suddenly.character （事物的）性质，特质The furniture in Tom’s apartment was pretentious and withoutcharacter.charge 要（价），收（费）The airlines charge half price for students.charm 魅力，魔力This thriving resort town has retained its village charm.chase 追逐，追求The police chased the escaping thief and caught him at last.check 使突然停止，制止check one’s stepscherish 珍爱，珍视cherish one’s native landchew 嚼，咀嚼He chewed a mouthful of meat.choke 窒息，噎住be choked by smokechorus 合唱队chronic （疾病）慢性的，（人）久病的chronic indigestionclarity 澄清，阐明clarify an issuecling 粘着The frightened child clung to her mother.clumsy 笨拙的 a clumsy boycluster （果实，花等的）串，束，簇; (人或物)的群，组 a cluster of touristsclutch 紧抓，紧握clutch at an opportunitycoherent 一致的，协调的lack coherent political goalscoincide 相符，相一致100 Centigrade coincides with 212 Fahrenheit.collaborate （尤指在文艺、科学等方面）合作，协作He and I collaborated in writing plays. collapse 倒坍，崩溃，瓦解The roof collapsed under the weight of the snow.collide 碰撞，互撞The car collided with the truck.commemorate 纪念，庆祝commemorate a holidaycommend 表扬，称赞commend a soldier for braverycompact 紧密的，坚实的 a compact piece of luggagecompare 比较，对照(with, to) compare the body to a finely tuned machinecompatible 能和睦相处的，合的来的You should choose a roommate more compatible toyour tastes.compile 汇编，编制compile an anthology of poemscomply 遵从，顺从，服从comply with rules(safety regulations)compose 组成，构成England, Scotland, and Wales compose the island of Great Britain. compress 压缩He compresses a lifetime as a soldier into a few sentencescomprise 包含，包括The shipyard comprises three docks.compromise 妥协，折衷compromise over the hard-fought next.compulsory 必须做的，义务的 a compulsory subjectconceal 隐藏，隐瞒，隐蔽He concealed his disappointment from his friends.conceive 构想出，设想conceive an ideaconcentrate 集中，专心concentrate one’s attentioncondemn 谴责We all condemn cruelty to children.condense （使）压缩，（使）凝结，使简洁condense a speech to halfconfine 限制，使局限They succeeded in confining the fire to a small area.conform 遵照，适应confirm to(或with) the rules(the law)confront （使）面临，（使）遭遇The war confronted him with hardships.conscious 意识到的，自觉地They were conscious that he disapproved.consent 同意，赞同，准许The people will never consent to another war.conserve 保护，保藏，保存conserve natural resourcesconsider 考虑，细想Consider carefully before doing anything.consist 组成，构成(of) The house consists of six rooms.consolidate 巩固，加强consolidate one’s positionconspicuous 显眼的，明显的，引人瞩目的He felt as conspicuous as if he had stood on astage.constitute 组成，构成constitute a threat to sb.consult 请教，与......商量consult a doctor about one’s illnessconsume 消费,花费: consume muc h of one’s time in readingcontact 接触,联系,交往: be in contact with sbcontain 包括,容纳, a list containing twelve itemscontaminate弄脏,污染,玷污,毒害: Fumes contaminate the aircontempt轻视,轻蔑:show a contempt for sbcontest竞赛,比赛,竞争:the contest between the two powers for the control of the region contract合同,契约:enter into(make)a contact withcontradict反驳,同….相矛盾,同….相抵触:The facts contradict his theorycontrary相反的,对抗的:take the contrary viewcontrast对照,对比,(对比之下显出的)差异:the contrast between the two forms of government contribute捐(款等),捐献:He contributed 5dollars to the charity every paydaycontrive设计,想出:contrive a new methodcontroversy(尤之以文字形式进行的争论),辨证:a point of controversyconvention(正式)会议,(定期)大会:draft a new constitution at a conventionconvert转变,转化:convert coal to (into) pipeline gasconvey运送,输送,传送:a wire conveys an electric currentconvict(经审讯)证明…有罪,宣判…有罪:He was convicted of smugglingcoordinate调节,协调:coordinate the functions of government agenciescordial热情友好的,热诚的,真心的:a cordial hello(smile, invitation)correspond相符合相称(to,with):Fulfillment seldom corresponds to anticipation correspondent通信者,通讯员,记者:a good(bad)correspondentcorresponding符合的,一致的:corresponding fingerprintscorrode(渐渐)损害,(一点一点地)损伤:Bribery corrodes the confidence that must exist betweenbuyer and sellercorrupt堕落的,腐败的,贪赃舞弊的:lead a corrupt lifecount数,计算: count the moneycourse课程,科目:an English coursecourtesy 谦恭有礼。