全国2013年4月英语翻译练习题

（英语）英语翻译练习题含答案含解析一、高中英语翻译1．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1．美食是人们造访上海的乐趣之一。

（visit）2．街头艺术家运用创意将鲜艳明亮的色彩带进了老社区。

（bring）3．在你生命中，如果有一个人你需要对他说对不起，那么就去向他道歉吧。

（apology）4．这个游戏的独特之处在于它让孩子学会如何应对现实生活中的问题。

（what）5．申请材料需要精心准备，这样你心仪的学校才会对你的能力有全面、准确地了解。

（in order that）【答案】1．Delicious food is one of the pleasures when people visit Shanghai.2．Street artists bring bright and vivid colors into older neighborhoods with originality3．If there is someone to whom you need say sorry in your life, make an apology to him. 4．What makes this game peculiar lies in that it teaches kids how to handle the problems in real life.5．The applications should be carefully prepared in order that the school you like can have an overall and accurate knowledge of your abilities.【解析】【分析】1．本句重点考察两个知识点。

2013年英语四级真题及答案翻译(茶和咖啡)【翻译原文】"你要茶还是咖啡?"是用餐人常被问到的问题，许多西方人会选咖啡，而中国人则会选茶，相传，中国的一位帝王于五千年前发现了茶，并用来治病，在明清(the qing dynasties)期间，茶馆遍布全国，饮茶在六世纪传到日本，但直到18世纪才传到欧美，如今，茶是世界上最流行的饮料(beverage)之一，茶是中国的瑰宝。

也是中国传统和文化的重要组成部分。

【参考译文一】"Would you like tea or coffee?" Meals are frequently asked questions，many westerners will choose coffee， and the Chinese will choose tea， according to legend， a Chinese emperor discovered tea in five thousand years ago， and used to heal， in the Ming and qing dynasties ， tea houses all over the country， tea drinking spread to Japan in the 6th century and spread to Europe and the United States，but it was not until the 18th century today， tea is one of the most popular beverage in the world， tea is the treasure of China. Is also an important part of Chinese tradition and culture.【参考译文二】“Would you like tea or coffee?” This is a question which the dining people are frequently asked. Some westerners tend to choose coffee， while the Chinese usually choose tea. There is a legend that one Chinese emperor found tea 5，000 years ago and used it to cure illnesses. During the Ming and Q ing Dynasties， tea houses were widespread throughout China. Tea-drinking was spread to Japan in the 6th century but to Europe and America until the 18th century. Nowadays， tea is one of the most popular beverages in the world. Tea is the treasure of China， and it is also an important part of the Chinese tradition and culture.【参考译文三】As for the dinning people，”Tea or Coffee?” is a question frequently asked. Coffee is usually the Westerns’ first choice， while tea is the preferment of Chinese. Tradition has it that tea is found by one Chinese Emperor，who lived in 5000 years ago. At that time， tea is used to heal sickness. During Ming-Qing dynasties， teahouses are across the country. Tea drinking spread into Japanese as early as in the 6th century， yet it did not spread into Europe and Americauntil the 18th century. Nowadays， tea is one of the most popular beverages all over the world. Tea is the treasure of China and the important component of Chinese tradition and culture.【参考译文四】"Tea or coffee?", diners are frequently asked this question. Western people may choose coffee, while Chinese may prefer tea. It is said that 5,000 years ago, an emperor in China discovered tea and used it to cure disease. In the Ming and Qing Dynasty, tea houses could be found all over the country. Tea-drinking was introduced to Japan in the sixth century, but was not introduced to Europe and America until the 17th and 18th century. Up to now, tea has become one of the most popular beverages in the world. It is the national drink of China and an important part of Chinese traditional culture.翻译(信息技术)【翻译原文】信息技术(Information Technology)，正在飞速的发展，中国公民也越来越重视信息技术，有些学校甚至将信息技术作为必修课程，对这一现象大家持不同观点。

洛基英语，中国在线英语教育领导品牌2013年12月大学英语四级翻译模拟试题及答案51.(这个计划成功的关键) ___________is good planning.2. The specific use of leisure______(每一人都不同)3. The ship ' s generator broke down and the pumps____________________( 不得不用手工操作) instead of mechanically.4. Although punctual himself, the professor was quite used______________( 习惯了学生迟到) his lecture.5. I prefer to communicate with my customers ______( 通过写电子邮件而不是打电话)6. After the terrorist attack, tourists ______ ( 被劝告暂时不要去该国旅游)7.( 他把自己奉献于社区工作) ______ and is passionate about what he is doing.8. Man should not exploit the natural resources ______ ( 以牺牲其他物种为代价).9. When Sandy recovered from cancer, her doctor ______ ( 把此归因于她对未来的信念).10. At the end of his speech, the school master encouraged the children to work hard ______ ( 不要让父母失望).11. In the budget for this building, they failed to __( 考虑价格增长的因素).12. Only after I slapped him on the back ____( 他才发现我并高兴得叫起来).13. I didn ' t even speak to him, ____( 更不用说与他讨论事情).14. Some young people would rather try hard themselves to go through life than _____( 求助于他们的父母) with a sense of guilt.15. The victim _____( 本来有机会活下来) if he had been taken to hospital in time .Answer:1. The key to the success of this project「超级单词」key除作名词"钥匙"外，后接介词to，表示"……的钥匙，……的答案，……的关键".2. from individual to individual.「超级短语」不及物动词vary 的用法。

1.Charity groups organized various activities to _raise money for those who survived the earthquake (为地震幸存者捐款)2.Linda_could not have received my e-mail__(不可能收到我的邮件)；Otherwise she would have replied.3.it is my mother （一直在鼓励我不要灰心）who has always been encouraging me not to lose heart when I have difficulties in my study.4. The publishing house has to take the popularity of the novel into account（考虑这部小说的受欢迎程度）。

5. it is absolutely wrong to_define happiness only by money (仅仅以金钱来定义幸福)6. The flowers looked as if they hadn’t been watered for a long time (好长时间没有浇水了)7. Fred bought a car last week. It is 1000 pounds cheaper than mine (比我的车便宜一千英镑)8. This TV program is quite boring. We might (just) as well listen to music（不妨听听音乐）9. He left his office in a hurry, with light on and door open (灯亮着，门开着)10. The famous novel is said to have been translated into many other languages（已经被翻译成多种语言）11. The university authorities did not approve the regulation, nor did they explain why（也没有解释什么）12,Jane is tired of dealing with customer complaints and wished that she could be assigned to another task ( 能被分配做另外一项工作)13．John rescued the drowning child_at the risk of his own life（冒着自己的生命危险）14．George called his boss from the airport but it was his assistant who received the phone (接电话的却是他的助手)15. Although he was interested in philosophy,_his father persuade him into（他的父亲说服他）majoring in law16.(为了确保他参加会议) In order to ensure him to attend the meetingI called him up in advance.17. The magnificent museum is said to have been built（据说建成于）about a hundred years ago.18. there would be no life on earth without its unique environment（没有地球独特的环境）19.what impressed the tourists most（给游客印象最深刻的）was the friendliness and warmth of the local people.20. They requested that _the book I borrowed be returned to the library （我借的书还回图书馆）by next Friday.21.Because of the noise outside, Nancy had great difficulty concentrating on the experiment_（集中注意力在实验上）22. The manger never laughed; neither did she ever lose her temper（她也从来没有发过脾气）23. We look forward to being invited to attend the opening ceremony （被邀请出席开幕式）24. It is suggested that the air conditioner be installed next to the window（要装在窗户边上）25. The 16-year-old girl decided to travel abroad on her own despite her parents’ strong objection (她父母的强烈反对).26. Y ou would not failed if you had followed my instructions（按照我的指令去做）.27.Despite the hardship he encountered, Mark never gave up the pursuit of knowledge（放弃对知识的追求）.28.Scientists agree that it will be a long time before we find the methods of curing cancer（我们找到治愈癌症的方法）.29. Production has to be increased considerably to_keep pace with the constantly increasing needs of consumers （与消费者不断增长的需求保持一致）.30. The more exercise you take, the less likely you will catch cold_（你越不大可能感冒）.31.Soon after he transferred to the new school, Ali found that he had difficulty in keeping with up his classmates_（很难跟上班里的同学）in math and English.32.If she had returned an hour earlier, Mary would not have beencaught by the heavy rain (就不会被大雨淋了)33.It is said that those who are stressed or working overtime are_more likely to gain weight（更有可能增加体重）34.(很多人没有意识到)_What many people don’t realize _i s that Simon is a lover of sports and football in particular.35. The study shows that the poor function of the human body is closely related to the lack of exercise（与缺乏锻炼密切相关）36. Medical researches are painfully aware that there are many problems_which they have not found a solution to（他们至今还没有答案）37.（大多数父母关心的）what concerned most parents is providing the best education possible for their children.38. you would better take a sweater with you_in case it turns cold_（以防天气变冷）39. Through the project, many people have received training and decided to launch their own business（决定自己创业）.40 The anti-virus agent was not known until a doctor discovered it accidently（直到一名医生偶然发现了它）.41.Our efforts will pay off if the results of this research can be applied to the development of new technology（能应用与新技术的开发）42. I can not boot my computer now. Something _must go wrong（一定出了什么毛病）with its operation system.43. Leaving one’s job, _no matter what it is (不管是什么工作) is a difficult change, even for those who look forward to retiring.44. Compared with the place where I grew up（与我成长的地方相比），this town is more prosperous and exciting.45. Not until he had accomplished his mission_ (直到完成使命)did he realize that he was seriously ill.46. _Thanks to a serious of new inventions__（多亏了有一系列的发明），doctors can treat this disease successfully.47.in my sixties, one change I notice is that I am more inclined to get tired than before（我比以前更容易累了）48.i am going to pursue this course, no matter what cost I have to sacrifice（无论我要做出什么样的牺牲）.49. I would prefer shopping online to shopping in a department store because it is more convenient and time-saving ( 他更加方便和省时). 50. Many Americans live on credit, and the quality of life is measured in terms of how much they can loan（是用他们能借到多少来衡量的）, not how much they can earn.51. The finding of this study failed to _take people’s quality of sleep into account（将人们的睡眠质量考虑在内）.52. The prevent and treatment of AIDS is _the field where we can cooperate（我们可以合作的领域）.53. Because of the leg injury, the athlete_decided to quit the match（决定退出比赛）.54. To make donations or for more information, please contact us at the following address（按一下地址和我们进行联系）.55. Please come here at ten tomorrow morning at your convenience （如果你方便的话）。

2013 年 4 月全国自考英语（二）真题一、Vocabulary and Structure （ 10 points,1 point for each item）从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

1.Experts have found that normal sleep can be divided into five______stages.A.moderateB.initialC.distinctD.advanced答案： C.这句话只是陈述过去的一个事实,没有对现在造成影响,也没有持续 ,2.The student_____described the beautiful mountains and rivers in his home town.A.artificiallyB.vividlyC.criticallyD.viciously答案： B3.What her grandfather said left a_____impression on her mind.She still remembersit.A.finalB.vagueC.deepD.main答案： C4.By the end of next year the bridge _____.A.is to completeB.has been completedC.will be completingD.will have been completed答案： D5.We have greatly _____the procedure according to the chairmans suggestion.A.stimulatedB.perceivedC.obscuredD.simplified答案： D6.We should_____this in mind:Dont judge a person by his appearance.A.bear【习惯用法】B.putC.placeD.print答案： A7.Even after decades of _____， the two brothers recognized eachother immediately.A.separationB.cooperationC.correspondencemunication答案： A8.The spokesman occasionally_____his speech with gestures.A.acknowledgesB.accompaniesC.attributesD.anticipates答案： B9.In order to follow fashions ， the girl has to_____great discomforts.A.catch up withB.put up withC.keep up withD.fall in with答案： BThere be 句型是一常见的表示“存在”的句型 . There is a flower in the bottle. 瓶里有一朵花 . There is some money in the purse. 钱包里有些钱 .10.There is something wrong with my mobile phone.I must have it_____.A.repairB.to repairC.repairingD.repaired答案： Dhave sth done（过分）有“让事情发生”的意思表示将来时.have sb.do sth:使某人做某事have sth.done:使某事被做二、 Cloze Test（10 points,1 point for each item ）下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。

洛基英语，中国在线英语教育领导品牌2013年12月大学英语四级翻译模拟试题及答案51.(这个计划成功的关键) ___________is good planning.2. The specific use of leisure______(每一人都不同)3. The ship ' s generator broke down and the pumps____________________( 不得不用手工操作) instead of mechanically.4. Although punctual himself, the professor was quite used______________( 习惯了学生迟到) his lecture.5. I prefer to communicate with my customers ______( 通过写电子邮件而不是打电话)6. After the terrorist attack, tourists ______ ( 被劝告暂时不要去该国旅游)7.( 他把自己奉献于社区工作) ______ and is passionate about what he is doing.8. Man should not exploit the natural resources ______ ( 以牺牲其他物种为代价).9. When Sandy recovered from cancer, her doctor ______ ( 把此归因于她对未来的信念).10. At the end of his speech, the school master encouraged the children to work hard ______ ( 不要让父母失望).11. In the budget for this building, they failed to __( 考虑价格增长的因素).12. Only after I slapped him on the back ____( 他才发现我并高兴得叫起来).13. I didn ' t even speak to him, ____( 更不用说与他讨论事情).14. Some young people would rather try hard themselves to go through life than _____( 求助于他们的父母) with a sense of guilt.15. The victim _____( 本来有机会活下来) if he had been taken to hospital in time .Answer:1. The key to the success of this project「超级单词」key除作名词"钥匙"外，后接介词to，表示"……的钥匙，……的答案，……的关键".2. from individual to individual.「超级短语」不及物动词vary 的用法。

TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2013)— GRADE FOUR—TIME LIMIT: 130 MINPART 4 GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY 15 MINThere are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.51. Facing the board of directors, he didn‟t deny ________ breaking the agreement.A. himB. itC. hisD. its52. Xinchun returned from aboard a different man. The italicized part functions as a (n) ______.A. appositive (同位语)B. objectC. adverbialD. complement.53. Which of the following is a compound word (复合词)? ______. A. Nonsmoker. B. Deadline. C. Meanness. D. Misfit.54. Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood? ______.A. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 o‟clock?B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city metro.C. Walk straight ahead, and don't turn till the second traffic lights.D. Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.55. The following determiners(限定词) can be used with both plural and uncountable nounsEXCEPT ______. A. moreB. enough.C. many. D. such.56. Which of the italicized parts indicates CONTRAST? ______.A. She opened the door and quietly went in.B. Victoria likes music and Sam is fond of sports.C. Think it over again and you‟ll get an answer.D. He is somewhat arrogant, and I don't like this.57. Which of the following CANNOT be used as a nominal substitute(名词替代词)? ______.A. Much.B. Neither.C. One.D. Quarter.58. All the following sentences definitely indicate future time EXCEPT ______.A. Mother is to have tea with Aunt Betty at four.B. The President is coming to the UN next week.C. The school pupils will be home by now.D. He is going to email me the necessary information.59. Which of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECT? ______.A. Politics are the art or science of government.B. Ten miles seems like a long walk to me.C. Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.D. All the furniture has arrived undamaged.60. Which of in the following phrases indicates a subject-predicate relationship? ______.A. The arrival of the touristsB. The law of NewtonC. The occupation of the islandD. The plays of Oscar Wilde61. Which of the following italicized parts serves as an appositive? ______.A. He is not the man to draw back.B. Tony hit back the urge to tell a lie.C. Larry has a large family to support.D. There is really nothing to fear.62. Which of the following is NOT an imperative sentence? ______.A.Let me drive you home, shall I? CYou will mind your own business!e and have dinner with us.D I wish you could stay behind. …63. If it ______ tomorrow, the match would be put off.A. were to rainB. was to rainC. was rainingD. had rained64. Which of the following sentences expresses a fact? ______.A. Mary and her son must be home by now.B.Careless reading must give poor results.C. It‟s getting late, and I must leave now.D. He must be working late at the office.65. The following are all dynamic verbs(动态动词) EXCEPT ______. A. remain. B. turn. C. write. D. knock.66. ____ to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected.A. Adhering B Adopting CAdjusting D. Acquainting67. He is fed up with the same old dreary routine, and wants to quit his job. The underlined partmeans _________. A. dull B. boring C. long D. hard68. At last night‟s party Larry said something that I though was beyond me. The underlinedpart means ________.A. I was unable to do C. I was unable to stopB. I couldn‟t understand D. I couldn‟t tolerate69. The couple ______their old house and sold it for a vast profit.A. did for B did in Cdid with D. did up70. Sally contributed a lot to the project, but she never once accepted all the ____ for herself.A. creditB. attentionC. focusD. award71. The child nodded, apparently content with his mother‟s promise. The underlined partmeans _________. A. as far as one has learnt B. as far as one is concerned C. as far as one can seeD. as far as one is told72. The ________ that sport builds character is well accepted by people nowadays.A. issueB. argumentC. pointD. sentence73. Everyone in the office knows that Melinda takes infinite care over her work. Theunderlined part means ________. A. limited B. unnecessary C. overdue D. much74. The new measure will reduce the chance of serious injury in the event of an accident.The underlined part means _________.A. if an accident happensB. if an accident can be preventedC. before an accidentD. during an accident75. Traditionally, local midwives would ________ all the babies in the area. A. handle B. produce C. deliver D. help76. No food or drink is allowed on the premises. The underlined part means ________.A. propositionB. advertisementC. buildingD. street77. The court would not accept his appeal unless ________ evidence is provided.A. conclusiveB. definiteC. eventualD. concluding78. As soon as he opened the door, a ________ of cold air swept through the house.A. flowB. movementC. rushD. blast79. She really wanted to say something at the meeting, but eventually ________ from it.A. preventedB. refrainedC. limitedD. restricted80. The couple told the decorator that they wanted their bedroom gaily painted. The underlined part means _________.A. brightlyB. light-heartedlyC. cheerfullyD. lightlyPART V READING COMPREHENSION 25 MINIn this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers m arked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.TEXT AThe art of public speaking began in ancient Greece over 2,000 years ago. Now, twitter, instant messaging, e-mail, blogs and chat forums offer rival approaches to communication - but none can replace the role of a great speech.The spoken word can handle various vital functions: persuading or inspiring, informing, paying tribute, entertaining, or simply i ntroducing someone or something or accepting something. Over the past year, the human voice has helped guide us over the ups and downs of what was certainly a stormy time.Persuasion is used in dealing with or reconciling different points of view. When the leaders met inCopenhagen in December 2009, persuasive words from activists encouraged them to commit themselves to firmer action. Inspirational speeches confront the emotions. They focus on topics and matters that are close to people's hearts. During wars, generals u sed inspiring speeches to preparethe troops for battle.A speech that conveys knowledge and enhances understanding can inform us. The information must be clear, accurate, and expre ssed in a meaningful and interesting way.（流行病）announced, the idea of “swine flu” many people. Informative speeches from World Health Organization officials helped people t o keep their panic under control so they could take sensible precautions.Sad events are never easy to deal with but a speech that pays tribute to the loss of a loved one and gives praise for their contribu tion can be comforting. Madonna's speech about Michael Jackson,after his death, highlighted the fact that he will continue to liv e on through his music.It's not only in world forums where public speaking plays an important role. It can also be surprisingly helpful in the course of o ur own lives.If you‟re taking part in a debate you need to persuade the listeners of the soundness ofyour argument. In sports, athletes know the importance of a pep talk（鼓舞士气的讲话） before a match to inspire teammates. You yourself may be asked to do a presentation at college or work to inform the other s about an area of vital importance.On a more personal level, a friend may be upset and need comforting. Or you might beasked to introduce a speaker at a family event or to speak at a wedding, where your language will be needed to move people or make them laugh.Great speaking ability is not something we're born with. Even Barack Obama works hardto perfect every speech. For a brilliant speech, there are rules that you can put to good use. To learn those rules you have to pract ice and learn from some outstanding speeches in the past.81. The author thinks the spoken word is still irreplaceable because ______.A. it has always been used to inspire or persuade people.B. it has a big role to play in the entertainment business.C. it plays important roles in human communication.D. it is of great use in everyday-life context.82. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about the role of public speaking? _____A. Speeches at world forums can lead to effective solutions to world problems.B. Speeches from medical authorities can calm people down in times of pandemics.C. The morale of soldiers before a battle can be boosted by senior officers' speeches.D. Speeches paying tribute to the dead can comfort the mourners.83. Public speaking can play all the following roles EXCEPT ______.A. to convince people in a debate.B. to inform people at a presentation.C. to advise people at work.D. to entertain people at a wedding.84. According to the passage, which of the following best explains the author's view on ______ “great speaking ability”?A. It comes from observing rules.B. It can be perfected with easy effort.C. It can be acquired from birth.D. It comes from learning and practice.85. What is the main idea of the passage? ______.A. Public speaking in international forums.B. The many uses of public speaking.C. Public speaking in daily life context.D. The rules of public speaking.TEXT BEvery business needs two things, says Skullcandy CEO Rick Alden: inspiration and desperation. In 2001, Alden had both. He'd sold two snowboarding businesses, and he was desperately bored. But he had an idea: He wanted to make a new kind of headpho ne. “I kept seeing people missing their cell phone calls because they were listening to music,” he explains. Then I'm in a chairli ft, I've got my headphones on, and I realize my phone is ringing. As 1 take my gloves off and reach for my phone, I think, “It can't be that tough to make headphones with two plugs, one for music and one for your cell phone.” Alden described what he wante d to a designer, perfected a prototype, and outsourced（外包）manufacturing overseas.Alden then started designing headphones into helmets, backpacks - anywhere that would make it easy to listen to music while sn owboarding. “Selling into board and skate shops wasn't a big research effort,” he explains. “Those were the only guys I knew!”Alden didn‟t want to be a manufacturer. And by outsourcing, he'd hoped he could get thebusiness off the ground without debt. But he was wrong. So he asked his wife, “Can I put a（抵押贷款） on the house? She said, …What is the worst thing that can happen? Welose the house, we sell our cars, and we start all over again.‟ I definitely married the rightwoman!”For the next two years, Alden juggled mortgage payments and payments to his manufacturers. “Factories won't ship your produc t till they get paid,” he says. “But it takes four or five months to get a mortgage company so upset that they knock on your door. So we paid the factory first.”Gradually, non-snowboarders began to notice the colorful headphones. In 2006, the company started selling them in 1,400 FYE ( For Your Entertainment) stores. “We knew that nine out often people walking into that store would be learning about Skullcandy for the first time. Why would they look at brands they knew and take home a new brand instead? We had agreed to buy back a nything we didn‟t sell, but we were dealing with huge numbers. It‟d kill us to take back all the productsAlden‟s fears faded as Skullcandy became the No. 1 headphone seller in those stores andtripled its revenue to $120 million in one year. His key insight was that headphones weren‟tgadgets; they were a fashion accessory. “In the beginning,” he says, “that little white wire that said you had an iPod ---that was cool. But now wearing the white bud means you‟re just like everyone else. Headphones occupy this critical piece of cranial real estate and are highly visible.”Today, Skullcandy is America's second-largest headphone supplier, after Sony. With 79 employees, the company is bigger than Al den ever imagined.86. Alden came up with the idea of a new kind of headphone because he ______.A. was no longer in snowboarding business.B. had no other business opportunities.C. was very fond of modern music.D. saw an inconvenience among mobile users.87. The new headphone was originally designed for ______.A. snowboarders.B. motorcyclists.C. mountain hikers.D. marathon runners.88. Did Alden solve the money problem? ______.A. He sold his house and his cars.B. Factories could ship products before being paid.C. He borrowed money from a mortgage company.D. He borrowed money from his wife's family.89. What did Alden do to promote sales in FYE stores? ______.A. He spent more money on product advertising.B. He promised to buy back products not sold.C. He agreed to sell products at a discount.D. He improved the colour design of the product.90. Alden sees headphones as ______.A. a sign of self-confidence.B. a symbol of status.C. part of fashion.D. a kind of device.TEXT CI was standing in my kitchen wondering what to have for lunch when my friend Taj called. “Sit down,” she said. I thought she was going to tell me she had just gotten the haircut from hell. Ilaughed and said, “It can't be that bad.”But it was. Before the phone call, I had 30 years of retirement saving in a “safe” fund with abrilliant financial guru（金融大亨）.When I put down the phone, my savings weregone. I felt as if I had died and, for some unknown reason, was still breathing.Since Bernie Madoff‟s arrest on charges of running a $65 million Ponzi scheme, I'veread many articles about how we investors should have known what was going on. I wish Icould say I had reservations about Madoff before “the Call”, but I did not.On New Year's Eve, three weeks after we lost our savings, six of us Madoff people gathered atTaj's house for dinner. As we were sitting around the table, someone asked, “If you could haveyour money back right now, but it would mean giving up what you have learned by losing it,would you take the money or would you take what losing the money has given you?”My husband was still in financial shock. He said, “I just want the money back.” I wasn't certain where I stood. I knew that losin g our money had cracked me wide open. I‟d been walking around like what the Buddhists call a hungry ghost: always focused o n the bite that was yet to come, not the one in my mouth. No matter how much I ate or had or experienced, it didn‟t satisfy me, because I wasn‟t really taking it in, wasn't absorbing it. Now I was forced to pay attention. Still, I couldn't honestly say that if s omeone had offered me the money back, I would turn it down.But the other four all said that what they were seeing about themselves was incalculable, andthey didn‟t think it would have become apparent without the ground of financial stability beingripped out from underneath them.My friend Michael said,I‟d started to get complacent. It‟s as if the muscles of my heart started to atrophy（萎缩）. Now they‟re awake, alive—and I don‟t want to go back.”Theseweren‟tjust empty words. Michael and his wife needed to take in boarders to meet their expenses. Taj was so broke that she was moving into someone‟s garage apartment in three weeks. Three friends had declared bankruptcy and weren't sure where or how they we re going to live.91. What did the author learn from Taj‟s call?A. had got an awful haircut.B. They had lost their retirement savings.C. Taj had just retired from work.D. They were going to meet for lunch.92. How did the author feel in the following weeks?A. Angry.B. Disappointed.C. Indifferent.D. Desperate.93. According to the passage, to which was she “forced to pay attention”?A. Her friends.B. Her husband.C. Her lost savings.D. Her experience.94. Which of the following statements is CORRECT about her friends?A. Her friends valued their experience more.B. Her friends felt the same as she did.C. Her friends were in a better financial situation. D Her friends were more optimistic than she.95. What is the message of the passage?A. Desire for money is human nature.B. One has to be decisive during crises.C. Understanding gained is more important than money lost.D. It is natural to see varied responses to financial crises.TEXT DIn the 19th century, there used to be a model of how to be a good person. There are all these torrents of passion flowing through y ou. Your job, as captain of your soul, is to erect dams to keep these passions in check. Your job is to just say no to laziness, lust, greed, drug use and the other sins.These days that model is out of fashion. You usually can‟t change your behaviour by simply resolving to do something. Knowin g what to do is not the same as being able to do it.Your willpower is not like a dam that can block the torrent of self-indulgence. It's more like a muscle, which tires easily. Moreo ver, you're a social being. If everybody around you is overeating, you‟ll probably do so, too.The 19th-century character model was based on an understanding of free will. Today, weknow that free will is bounded. People can change their lives, but ordering change is notsimple because many things, even within ourselves, are beyond our direct control.Much of our behaviour, for example, is guided by unconscious habits. Researchers atDuke University calculated that more than 40 percent of the actions we take are governed byhabit, not actual decisions. Researchers have also come to understand the structure of habits—cue, routine, reward.You can change your own personal habits. If you leave running shorts on the floor atnight, that'll be a cue to go running in the morning. Don‟t try to ignore your afternoon snackcraving. Every time you feel the cue for a snack, insert another routine. Take a walk.Their research thus implies a different character model, which is supposed to manipulatethe neural（神经系统的）networks inside.To be an effective person, under this model, you are supposed to coolly examine yourown unconscious habits, and the habits of those under your care. You are supposed to devisestrategies to alter the cues and routines. Every relationship becomes slightly manipulative, including your relationship with you rself. You're trying to arouse certain responses by implanting certain cues.This is a bit disturbing, because the important habitual neural networks are not formedby mere routine, nor can they be reversed by clever cues. They are burned in by emotion andstrengthened by strong yearnings, like the yearnings for admiration and righteousness. If you think you can change your life in a clever way, the way an advertiser can get you to buy an air freshener, you're probably wrong. As the Victorians understood, if yo u want to change your life, don‟t just look for a clever cue. Commit to some larger global belief.96. Which of the following is a key element in the 19th-century character model?A. Passion.B. Action.C. Capability.D. Determination.97. The 19th-century model supposedly does not work because ______.A. there were many other factors beyond one's control.B. it has worked unsatisfactorily most of the time.C. the comparison of free will to a dam is groundless.D. what one wishes to do should be considered carefully.98. What is the main implication of the research at Duke University?A. Habit is key to one's behavior.B. One's behavior is difficult to change.C. Both habit and will power are important.D. Habit has an unidentified structure.99. According to the new character model, personal behavior could be altered through ______.A. cues to stop all the former unconscious habits.B. cues to manipulate the habitual neural responses.C. techniques to devise different physical cues.D. techniques to supplement old routines.100. We learn from the passage that the new character model ______.A. stresses the neural and psychological aspects of habit change.B. can bring about changes in one's life like what advertisers do.C. has been used to change behaviour successfully.D. deals better with emotional aspects of behaviour.PART VI WRITINGSECTION A COMPOSITION 45 MINMost of us, as students, are careful with our money in daily life: we collect all kinds of coupons;we look for group-buy deals if we eat out or travel; we don't buy clothes unless in a sale. However, some people think that all thi s may not make us smart consumers. What is your opinion?Write on ANSWER SHEET THREE a composition of about 200 words. Y ou are to write in three parts.In the first part, state specifically what your opinion is.In the second part, provide one or two reasons or your experience (s) to support your opinion.In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary.You should supply an appropriate title for your composition.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, language and appropriateness.SECTION B NOTE-WRITING [10 MIN] Write on ANSWER SHEET THREE a note of about 50-60 words based on the following situation:Your former high-school classmate (Mathew or Grace) is coming to visit you in the dorm. But, you have got something urgent to do and thus cannot wait for him/her there. Leave a note on the door, expressing your apology and telling him/her how to find yo u. You must make clear where you are in the note.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, language and appropriateness.附：【答案详解】PART 1 DictationWhat is a dream for?One theory is that we dream to release the deep secret desires. We don't express these desires in real life because of the rules of polite society. Another theory is that dreams allow us to solve problems that we can't solve in real life. We go to sleep with the problem and wake up with the solution. This maybe a way to use our dreams rather than a purpose of dreaming. If you believe that your dreams are important, then analyzing them may help you to focus on the problem and help you to find the solution. The modern image is that the dreams are the brains' wave of cleaning up the computer's hard disk. Dreams organize the events of the day into folders and delete what is not needed. But we all know that very little of what we dream is concerned with what happened to us that day.PART 2 LITENING COMPREHENSION 1-10 ABCAD ACAAD11-20 DCADB BBDAC21-30 DBADB CBBCA PART 3 CLOZE 31-40 DACBD CBACB41-50 DCADB BCDBBPART 4 GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY51. Facing the board of directors,he didn't deny __________ breaking the agreement. A. him B. it C. his D. its解析：本题考查动名词的逻辑主语。

初一英语基础翻译练习题30题1. 我有一个蓝色的书包。

（汉译英）A. I have a blue schoolbagB. I has a blue schoolbagC. I have blue schoolbag答案：A。

解析：主语I是第一人称，后面的动词用原形have，“一个蓝色的书包”需要用a blue schoolbag表示。

2. 我的妈妈是一名医生。

（汉译英）A. My mother are a doctorB. My mother is a doctorC. My mother be a doctor答案：B。

解析：主语my mother是第三人称单数，be动词用is。

3. 他有三把尺子。

（汉译英）A. He have three rulersB. He has three rulersC. He is three rulers答案：B。

解析：主语he是第三人称单数，动词用has，表示“拥有”。

4. 那是一个红色的苹果。

（汉译英）A. That is a red appleB. That are a red appleC. That a red apple答案：A。

解析：that是单数指示代词，be动词用is。

5. 我家有五口人。

（汉译英）A. There are five people in my familyB. There is five people in my familyC. My family have five people答案：A。

解析：“某地有某物”用there be句型，five people是复数，be动词用are。

6. 她的铅笔是黑色的。

（汉译英）A. Her pencil is blackB. Her pencil are blackC. Her pencils is black答案：A。

解析：主语her pencil是单数，be动词用is。

7. 我看见两个杯子。

过去的七年，中国的房地产业(real estate)经历了前所未有的高速增长。

对于那些月薪较低却渴望在大城市拥有一套属于自己的体面、舒适的栖身之所的人来说，高昂的房价是他们无法承受的负担。

鉴于这一状况，政府近来采取了一系列的措施来防止房价过快增长，包括提高利率及增加房产税等。

目前，这些措施在部分城市已经取得了初步的成效。

In the past seven years, China’s real estate industry has developed in a record high speed. For those who earn less but are eager to own a decent and comfortable place of their own in a big city, the high housing price is a heavy burden that they cannot afford. For this reason, the government has taken a series of measures to prevent the housing price from rising too fast, including raising interest rates and increasing taxes on real estate etc. Presently, these measures have achieved initial effects in some cities.练习二北京有无数的胡同(hutong)。

平民百姓在胡同里的生活给古都北京带来了无穷的魅力。

北京的胡同不仅仅是平民百姓的生活环境，而且还是一门建筑艺术。

通常，胡同内有一个大杂院，房间够4到10个家庭的差不多20 口人住。

所以，胡同里的生活充满了友善和人情味。

如今，随着社会和经济的飞速发展，很多胡同被新的高楼大厦所取代。

2013年最新英语四级考试真题与答案Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Design of all the new tools and implements is based on careful experiments with electronic instruments. First, a human “guinea pig”is tested using a regular tool. Measurements are taken of the amount of work done, and the buildup of heat in the body. Twisted joints and stretched muscles can not perform as well, it has been found, as joints and muscles in their normal positions. The same person is then tested again, using a tool designed according to the suggestions made by Dr. Tichauer. All these tests have shown the great improvement of the new designs over the old.One of the electronic instruments used by Dr. Tichauer, the myograph （肌动记器）, makes visible through electrical signals the work done by human muscle.Another machine measures any dangerous features of tools, thus proving information upon which to base a new design.One conclusion of tests made with this machine is that a tripod stepladder is more stable and safer to use than one with four legs.（old design）This work has attracted the attention of efficiency experts and time-and-motion-study engineer, but its value goes far beyond that. Dr. Tichauer’s first thought is for the health of the tool user. With the repeated use of the same tool all day long on production lines and in other jobs, even light manual work can put a heavy stress on one small area of the body. In time, such stress can cause a disabling disease. Furthermore, muscle fatigue is a serious safety hazard.Efficiency is the by-product of comfort, Dr. Tichauer believes, and his new designs for traditional tools have proved his point.21. What are involved in the design of a new tool according to the passage?A) Electronic instruments and a regular tool.B) A human “guinea pig”and a regular tool.C) Electronic instruments and a human “guinea pig”.D) Electronic instruments, a human “guinea pig”and a regular tool.22. From the passage we know that joints and muscles perform best when __________________.A) they are twisted and stretchedB) they are in their normal positionsC) they are tested with a human “guinea pig”D) they are tested with electronic instruments23. A “myograph”(Para. 2, Line 1) is an electronic instrument that ________________.A) is able to design new toolsB) measures the amount of energy usedC) enable people to see the muscular movementsD) visualizes electrical signals24. It can be inferred from the passage that ________________.A) a stepladder used to have four legs.B) it is dangerous to use toolsC) a tripod is safer in a tool designD) workers are safer on production lines25. Dr. Tichauer started his experiments initially to _________________.A) improve efficiencyB) increase productionC) reduce work loadD) improve comfortQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:More and more, the operations of our businesses, governments, and financial institutions are controlled by information that exists only inside computer memories. Anyone clever enough to modify this information for his own purposes can reap big reward. Even worse, a number of people who have done this and been caught at it have managed to get away without punishment.It’s easy for computer crimes to go undetected if no one checks up on what the computer is doing. But even if the crime is detected, the criminal may walk away not only unpunished but with a glowing recommendation from his former employers.Of course, we have no statistics on crimes that go undetected. But it’s disturbing to note how many of the crimes we do know about were detected by accident, not by systematic inspections or other security procedures. The computer criminals who have been caught may have been the victims of uncommonly bad luck.Unlike other lawbreakers, who must leave the country, commit suicide, or go to jail, computer criminals sometimes escape punishment, demanding not only that they not be charged but that they be given good recommendations and perhaps other benefits. All too often, their demands have been met.Why? Because company executives are afraid of the bad publicity that would result if the public found out that their computer had been misused. They hesitate at the thought of a criminal boasting in open court of how he juggled (诈骗) the most confidential （保密）records right under the noses of the company’s executives, accountants, and security staff. And so another computer criminal departs with just the recommendations he needs to continue his crimes elsewhere.26. It can be concluded from the passage that ___排除法____________.A) it is still impossible to detect computer crimes todayB) people commit computer crimes at the request of their companyC) computer criminals escape punishment because they can’t be detectedD) computer crimes are the most serious problem in the operation of financial institutions27. It is implied in the third paragraph that _________________.A) most computer criminals who are caught blame their bad luckB) the rapid increase of computer crimes is a troublesome problemC) most computer criminals are smart enough to cover up their crimesD) many more computer crimes go undetected that are discovered（估计是掉词了，应该表达的是undetected的比discovered的多）28. Which of the following statements is mentioned in the passage?A) A strict law against computer crimes must be enforcedB) Companies usually hesitate to uncover computer crimes to protect their reputationC) Companies will guard against computer crimes to protect their reputationD) Companies need to impose restrictions on confidential information29. What may happen to computer criminals once they are caught?A) With a bad reputation they can hardly find another job.B) They may walk away and easily find another job.C) They will be denied access to confidential recordsD) They must leave the country to go to jail.30. The passage is mainly about _________________.A) why computer criminals are often able to escape punishmentB) why computer crimes are difficult to detect by systematic inspectionsC) how computer criminals mange to get good recommendations from their former employersD) why computer crimes can’t be eliminatedQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.In a family where the roles of men and women are not sharply separated and where many household tasks are shared to a greater or lesser extent, notions of male superiority are hard to maintain. The pattern of sharing in tasks and indecision makes for equality and this in turn leads to further sharing. In such a home, the growing boy and girl learn to accept equality more easily than did their parents and to prepare more fully for participation in a world characterized by cooperation rather than by the “battle of the sexes”.If the process goes too far and man’s role is regarded as less important –and that has happened in some cases –we are as badly off as before, only in reverse.It is time to reassess the role of the man in the American family. We are getting a little tired of “Momism”–but we don’t want to exchange it for a “neo-Popism”. What we need, rather, is the recognition that bringing up children involves a partnership of equals. There are signs that psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, and specialists on the family are becoming more aware of the part men play and that they have decided that women should not receive all the credit – nor the blame. We have almost given up saying that a woman’s place is in the home. We are beginning, however, to analyse man’s place in the home and to insist that he does have a place in it. Nor is that place irrelevant to the healthy development of the child.The family is a co-operative enterprise for which it is difficult to lay down rules, because each family needs to work out its own ways for solving its own problems.Excessive authoritarianism（命令主义）has unhappy consequences, whether it wears skirts or trousers, and the ideal of equal rights and equal responsibilities is pertinent （相关的，切题的）not only to a healthy democracy, but also to a healthy family.31. The ideal of equal rights and equal responsibilities is _________________.A) fundamental to a sound democracyB) not pertinent to healthy family lifeC) responsible for MomismD) what we have almost given up32. The danger in the sharing of household tasks by the mother and the father is that ___________.A) the role of the father may become an inferior one’B) the role of the mother may become an inferior oneC) C) the children will grow up believing that life is a battle of sexesD) sharing leads to constant arguing33. The author states that bringing up children ________________.A) is mainly the mother’s jobB) belongs among the duties of the fatherC) is the job of schools and churchesD) involves a partnership of equals34. According to the author, the father’s role in the home is ____________________.A) minor because he is an ineffectual parentB) irrelevant to the healthy development of the childC) pertinent to the healthy development of the childD) identical to the role of the child’s mother35. With which of the following statements would the author be most likely to agree?A) A healthy, co-operative family is a basic ingredient of a healthy society.B) Men are basically opposed to sharing household chores.C) Division of household responsibilities is workable only in theory.D) A woman’s place in the home –now as always.Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:Teaching children to read well from the start is the most important task of elementary schools. But relying on educators to approach this task correctly can be a great mistake. Many schools continue to employ instructional methods that have been proven ineffective. The staying power of the “look-say” or “who le-word” method of teaching beginning reading is perhaps the most flagrant example of this failure to instruct effectively.The whole-word approach to reading stresses the meaning of words over the meaning of letters, thinking over decoding, developing a sight vocabulary of familiar words over developing the ability to unlock the pronunciation of unfamiliar words. It fits in with the self-directed, “learning how to learn”activities recommended by advocates （倡导者）of “open”classrooms and with the concept that children have to be developmentally ready to begin reading. Before 1963, no major publisher put out anything but these “Run-Spot-Run” readers.However, in 1955, Rudolf Flesch touched off what has been called “the great debate”in beginning reading. In his best-seller Why Johnny Can’t Read, Flesch indicted（控诉）the nation’s public schools for miseducating students by using the look-say method. He said –and morescholarly studies by Jeane Chall and Rovert Dykstra later confirmed –that another approach to beginning reading, founded on phonics（语音学）, is far superior.Systematic phonics first teachers children to associate letters and letter combinations with sounds; it then teaches them how to blend these sounds together to make words. Rather than building up a relatively limited vocabulary of memorized words, it imparts a code by which the pronunciations of the vast majority of the most common words in the English language can be learned. Phonics does not devalue the importance of thinking about the meaning of words and sentences; it simply recognizes that decoding is the logical and necessary first step.36. The author feels that counting on educators to teach reading correctly is _____________.A) only logical and natural B) the expected positionC) probably a mistake D) merely effective instruction37. The author indicts the look-say reading approach because _________________.A) it overlooks decoding B) Rudolf Flesch agrees with himC) he says it is boring D) many schools continue to use this method38. One major difference between the look-say method of learning reading and the phonics method is _______________.A) look-say is simpler B) Phonics takes longer to learnC) look-say is easier to teach D) phonics gives readers access to far more words39. The phrase “touch-off”(Para 3, Line 1) most probably means _____________.A) talk about shortly B) start or causeC) compare with D) oppose40. According to the author, which of the following statements is true?A) Phonics approach regards whole-word method as unimportant.B) The whole-word approach emphasizes decoding.C) In phonics approach, it is necessary and logical to employ decoding.D) Phonics is superior because it stresses the meaning of words thus the vast majority of mostcommon words can be learned.Part Three V ocabulary and StructureDirections: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.41. Word had come from the manager ____________ a new transaction would be concluded.A) whoB) thatC) whichD) when42. There was a traffic jam, but she ____________ get to the destination in time.A) couldB) mightC) ought toD) was able to43. "Do you think ____________ I should attend the lecture?" she asked me.A) thatB) whetherC) ifD) when44. Their room was on the third floor, its window ____________ the sports ground.A) overlooksB) overlookingC) overlookedD) to overlook45. On no account ____________ to anyone who works in the company.A) my name must be mentionedB) my name must mentionC) must my name be mentionedD) must my name mention46. Jim knows little of mathematics, ____________ of chemistry.A) and still lessB) as well asC) no less thanD) and still more47. The man denied ____________ any thing at the supermarket when he was questioned by the police.A) to have stolenB) to stealC) having stolenD) having been stealing48. Did he tell you what ____________ if he had a chance?A) was he going to doB) he would doC) be had doneD) had to do49. The results were to ____________ yesterday, but we have heard nothing.A) revealB) have revealedC) be revealedD) have been revealed50. Calculations, which are astronomically exact, have been made ____________ with the use of computers.A) possibleB) it possibleC) possiblyD) to be possible51. To handle the delicate situation, you must ；be____________A) more than carefulB) more carefullyC) carefully enoughD) enough carefully52. The governess agreed to teach the temperamental child ____________ she was given complete authority.A) whetherB) forC) thatD) provided53. According to the periodic table, ____________ still some elements undiscovered.A) there seem to beB) it seems to beC) it seems thatD) here seem54. The farmer used wood to build a house ____________ to store grain.A) withB) in whichC) whichD) where55. A beam of light will not bend round the corners unless ____________ to do so with the help of a reflecting device.A) being doneB) madeC) to be madeD) having made56. ____________, the more severe the winters are.A) The more north you goB) The farther you go the northC) The more you go northD) The farther north you go57. Vicky has been sad recently, for her plan to go to college ____________ at the last moment.A) fell outB) fell behindC) fell throughD) fell off58. You had better ____________ teasing these newcomers, for that will hurt their feeling.A) leave outB) leave forC) leave offD) leave behind59. Don't lose heart! You should _____________ your courage and overcome the difficulty.A) hold upB) set upC) pull upD) pluck up60. He ____________ a sum of money every month to help the two orphans.A) sets asideB) sets upC) sets alongD) sets in61. His debts had to be _____________ after he committed suicide with his rifle.A) laid offB) written offC) turned offD) put off62. The gentleman ____________ a cherub with his letter.A) combinedB) includedC) keptD) enclosed63. At the meeting both sides exchanged their views on a wide ____________ of topics they were interested in.A) extentB) numberC) collectionD) range64. His ____________ has changed but he has kept the fine qualities of a scientific researcher.A) stateB) statusC) stationD) statue65. She can speak French and German, to ____________ nothing of English.A) sayB) speakC) talkD) tell66. If you play with electricity, you may get an electric ____________A) strikeB) beatC) shockD) knock67. It was a wonderful play with a ____________ of over fifty actors and actresses.A) listB) groupC) bunchD) herd68. A ____________change in policy is needed if relations are ever to improve.A) strictB) wideC) everD) radical69. Please give my best ____________ to your family.A) noticeB) attentionC) regardsD) cares70. They bought the land with a ____________ to build a new office block.A) purposeB) viewC) goalD) reasonPart IV Close (15 minutes )Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage, For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the one that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Methods of studying vary; what works__71__ for some students doesn’t work at all for others. The only thing you can do is experiment __72__ you find a system that does work for you. But two things are sure: __73__ else can do your studying for you, and unless you do find a system that works, you won' t although college. Meantime, there are a few rules that__74__ for everybody. The hint is "don't get ___75___ ".The problem of studying, __76__ enough to start with, becomes almost__77__ when you are trying to do __78__ in one weekend.__79__ the fastest readers have trouble __80__ that. And if you are behind in written work that must be __81__, the teacher who accepts it __82__late will probably not give you good credit. Perhaps he may not accept it__83__ . Getting behind in one class because you are spending so much time on another is really no __84__. Feeling pretty virtuous about the seven hours you 'spend on chemistry won' t __85__one bit if the history teacher pops a quiz. And many freshmen do get into trouble by spending too much time on one class at the __86__of the others, either because they like one class much better or because they find it so much harder that they think, they should __87__all their time to it. __88__the reason, going the whole work for one class and neglecting the rest of them is a mistake, if you face this __89__, begin with the shortest and easiest __90__. Get them out of the way and then go to the more difficult, time consuming work.71. A) good B) easily C) sufficiently D) well72. A) until B) after C) while D ) so73. A) somebody B) nobody C) everybody D) anybody74. A) follow B) go C) operate D) work75. A) behind B) after C) slow D) later76. A) hardly B) unpleasant C) hard D) heavy77. A) improbable B) necessary C) impossible D) inevitable78. A) three week's work B) three weeks' worksC) three weeks' work D) three week' s works79. A) Even B) Almost C) If D) with80. A) to do B) doing C) at doing D) with doing81. A) turned in B) tuned up C) turned out D) given in82. A) very B) quite C) such D) that83. A) anyway B) either C) at all D) too84. A) solution B) method C) answer D) excuse85. A) help B) encourage C) assist D) improve86. A) expense B) pay C) debt D) charge87. A) devote B) put C) spend D) take88. A) Whichever B) Whatever C) However D) Wherever89. A) attraction B) decision C) temptation D) dilemma90. A) arrangements B) way C) assignments D) classPart V WritingDirections: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Good Manners. You should write at least 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline(given in Chinese)below:1世界上的人都看重良好的行为举止.2在公共场合的一些奶好的行为举止.3如果每个人都培养起了好的行为举止,答案及详解Part One Listening ComprehensionSection A1-10 CCBDB DACDD11-20 DABCB AACBATapescriptSection A1. M: Would you like a copy of professor Smith's article?W: Thanks, if it's not too much trouble.Q: What does the woman imply?2. W: Did you visit the Television Tower when you had your vacation in Shanghai last summer?M: I couldn't make it last June. But I finally visited it two months later. I plan to visit it again sometime next year.Q: What do we learn about the man?3. M: Prof. Kennedy has been very busy this semester. As far as I know, he works until mid-night every day.W: I wouldn't have troubled him so much if I had know he was so busy.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?4. W: If I were you, I would have accepted the job.M: I turned down the offer because it would mean frequent business trips away from my family:Q: Why didn't the man accept the job?5. M: How are you getting on with your essay, Mary? I'm having a real hard time with mine.W: After two sleepless nights, I'm finally through with it.Q: What do we learn from this conversation?6. W: Where did you say you found this bag?M: It was lying under a big tree between the park and the apartment buildingQ: Where did the man find the bag?7. M: Wouldn't you get bored with the same routine year after year teaching the same things to children?W: I don't think it would be as boring as working in an office. Teaching is mat stimulating.Q: What does the woman imply about office work?8. M: I was terribly embarrassed when some of the audience got up and left in the middle of the performance.W: Well, some people just can't seem to appreciate real-life drama.Q: What are they talking about?9. W: Oh, it's so cold. We haven't had such a severe winter for so long, have we?M: Yes, the forecast says it's going to get worse before it warms up.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?10. M: You were seen hanging about the store on the night when it was robbed, weren't you?W: Me? You must have made a mistake. I was at home that night.Q: What are they talking about?Section BPassage OneThere are three groups of English learners: beginners, intermediate learners, and learners of special English. Beginners need to learn the basics of English. Students who have reached an intermediate level benefit from learning general English skills. But what about student who want to learn specialist English for their work or professional life? Most students, who fit into this thirdgroup have a clear idea about what they want to learn. A bank clerk, for example, wants to use this specialist vocabulary and technical terms of finance. But for teachers, deciding how to teach specialist English is not always so easy. For a start, the variety is enormous. Every field from air- line pilots to secretaries has its own vocabulary and technical terms. Teachers also need to have an up-to-date knowledge of that specialist language, and not many teachers are exposed to working environments outside the classroom. These issues have influenced the way specialist English is taught in schools. This type of course is usually known as English for Specific Purposes, or ESP and there are ESP courses for almost every area of professional and working life. In Britain, for example, there are courses which teach English for doctors, lawyers, reporters, travel agents and people working in the hotel industry. By far, the most popular ESP courses are for business English.Questions 11 to 14 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. What is the characteristic of learners of special English?12. Who needs ESP courses most?13. What are the most popular ESP courses in Britain?14. What is the speaker mainly talking about?Passage TwoThe first step to stop drug abuse is knowing why people start to use drugs. The reasons people abuse drugs are as different as people are from one to another. But there seems to be one common thread: people seem to take drugs to change the way they feel. They want to feel better or feel happy or to feel nothing. Sometimes, they want to forget or to remember. People often feel better about the roseleaf when they are under the influence of drugs. But the effects don't' last long. Drugs don't solve problems. They just postpone them. No matter how far drugs may take you, it's always around trip. After a while, people who miss drugs may feel worse about thorn-' selves, and then they may use more drugs. If someone you know is using or abusing drugs, you can help. The most important part you can play is to be there. You can let your friends know that you care. You can listen and try to solve the problem behind your friend' s need to use drugs. Two people together can often solve a problem that seems too big for one person alone. Studies of., heavy abusers in the United States show that they felt unloved and unwanted. They didn't have close friends to talk to. When you or your friends take the time to care for each other, you're all helping to stop drugs abuse. After all, what is a friend for?Questions 15 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.15. Why do some people abuse drugs?16. According to the passage, what is the best way to stop friends from abusing drugs?17. What are the findings of the studies about heavy drug users?Passage ThreeBows and arrows are one of man's oldest weapons. They gave early man an effective weapon to kill his enemies. The ordinary bow or short bow was used by nearly all early people. This bow had limited power and short range. However, man overcame these faults by learning to track his targets at a close range. The long bow was most likely discovered when someone found out that a five-foot piece of wood made a better bow than a three-foot piece. Hundreds of thou- sands of these bows were made and used for three hundred years. However, not one is known to survive today. We believe that a force of about one hundred pounds was needs to pull the string all the way back on a long bow. For a long time the bow was just a bent stick and string. In fact, more changes have taken place in a bow in the past 25 years than in the last 7 centuries. Today, bow is forceful. It is as exact as a gun. In addition, it requires little strength to draw the string. Modern bows also have precise aiming devices. In indoor contests, perfect scores from 40 yards are common. The invention of the bows itself ranks with discovery of fire and the wheel. It was a great-step-forward for man.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. Why did man have to track his target at a close range when using a short bow?19. What does the passage tell us about the long bow?20. What do we know about modem bows?。

大学英语四级考试汉译英部分专项练习1.I wish_________________________________(我的家乡四季如春)2.If you had not run the red light, ______________________________(事故就不会发生了)3.John couldn't have known the news, __________________________________(否则他早发出申请了）4.but for his help, ____________________________________(我们就不会以这么低的价格租到房子了）5.It was necessary that ________________________________(在居民区设立更多的流动商店）1.It annoyed him that no sooner_____________________________________（他刚上车，就发现忘了带钱包）2.________________________________________（直到所有的证据都摆在他面前)did he confess hiscrime.3.Were I in your position，______________________________(我会毫不犹豫地抓住机会）4.Not only_________________________________________ (他们不仅做了音乐表演）, but they alsogave a brief introduction to the history of Western brass instruments。

5.Only after the accident______________________________（他才让人对他的车进行了仔细地检查）。

2013年中考英语专题句子翻译(2)附参考答案（一）(2013．扬州)1．在我们学校图书馆里有好几千本书。

_____________________________________________________________________________ 2．扬州园林(Yangzhou Gardens)不仅在中国出名，而且在全世界也很有名。

_____________________________________________________________________________ 3．谁将应邀主持下周的演出？_____________________________________________________________________________ 4．在这个公园里，除非你有地图，否则很容易迷路。

_____________________________________________________________________________ 5．对他们来说，像以前那样经常见到这样的美景不容易了。

_____________________________________________________________________________ （二）（2013．福州）1．你的电脑出了什么问题？(matter)_____________________________________________________________________________ 2．昨天我邀请他和我一起吃晚餐。

(invite，dinner)_____________________________________________________________________________ 3．她确信她能通过这场考试。

(be sure，that)_____________________________________________________________________________ 4．只要努力学习，你就会取得进步。

2013年4月20日英语专业四级TEM4真题及答案(含部分解析)TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2013)-GRADE FOUR-TIME LIMIT: 135 MINPART I DICTATION [15 MIN]Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to youfour times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listenand try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passagewill be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds.The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you shouldcheck your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work oncemore.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]In Sections A B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefullyand then answer the questions that follow. Mark the best answer to each questionon Answer Sheet Two.SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversationscarefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listento the conversation.1. Accordi ng to the conversation, an example of “Christmas trimmings” couldbe _______.A. presentsB. fruitsC. sauceD. meat.2. A Christmas lunch would include all the following EXCEPT _______.A. roast turkeyB. sweet potatoesC. meatD. carrots.3. Why did Helen come to Rob?s house?A. She wanted to talk to Rob.B. She had come to helpRob.C. She had been invited to lunch.D. She was interestedin cooking.Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of theconversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listento the conversation.4. Why did the woman phone the club?A. She wanted to know more about it.B. She was a new comerand felt lonely. C. She wanted to learn a new language. D. She wasinterested in social activities.5. We learn from the conversation that the club _______.A. mainly organizes language activitiesB. accepts members from localstudentsC. has been set up for a long timeD. is increasing its membership6. According to the conversation, the woman might come to practice German on_______.A. WednesdayB. TuesdayC. MondayD.Friday7. What is the man going to do after the conversation?A. Call up the woman for her address.B. Wait for the woman to callhim again.C. Mail the woman some information.D. Wait for the woman to pickup a form.Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now listento the conversation.8. According to the woman, what actually makes her job difficult?A. Difficult questions from interviewees.B. Embarrassing requests from interviewees.C. Lack of professional background.D. Lack of interviewingskills.9. The woman uses all the following adjectives when talking about attendingjob fairs EXCEPT _______.A. prospectiveB. usefulC. importantD. tiring10. We learn from the conversation that the woman _______.A. works better at job fairsB. prefers honest peopleC. often works on her ownD. is experienced in her work.SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefullyand then answer the questions that follow.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.11. According to today's weather forecast, which part of Europe has dry weather?A. Scandinavian mountains.B. Northwestern Europe.C. Northern Europe.D. Southern Europe.12. In which part of Europe does the weather stay both fine and cool?A. Southern Europe.B. Northern Europe.C. Eastern Europe.D. Northwestern Europe.13. In which region will the weather change tomorrow?A. Northern parts of the Mediterranean.B. Eastern parts of the Mediterranean.C. Central parts of the Mediterranean.D. Southern parts of the Mediterranean.Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.14. According to the passage, what benefit can technology bring to people?A. Closer contact with modern devices.B. Greater changes in social organization.C. Better understanding of mass media.D. More useful information to better their life.15. The speaker questions about everybody?s access to technological advances. The main reason is _______.A. illiteracyB. povertyC. food shortageD. ignorance16. According to the UN plan, all the following will be achieved within ten years EXCEPT _______.A. giving everyone a radio or TVB. starting to carry out the scheme in ten yearsC. offering internet service to more peopleD. providing more job opportunities17. What could be the topic of the passage?A. Growth in telecommunications.B. Technology and thedeveloping world.C. Education and medical care.D. Building an information society.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.18. People in Latin America wear something _______ to express their hopes for wealth in the New Year.A. newB. redC. whiteD. yellow19. Which of the following New Year?s traditions signals friendship?A. Throwing old dishes.B. Wearing something red.C. Wearing something white.D. Eating round fruits.20. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one's own New Year?s tradition?A. Watching TV at home.B. Going to bed early.C. Visiting friends.D. Running and shouting outside.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now. listen to the news.21. What is happening to the schools in Fairfax County this school year?A. 15 schools have started social studies.B. 15 schools have used digital textbooks.C. Students are ready to use electronic resources.D. Digital textbooks are used for social studies.22. With digital textbooks, schools have saved about _______ million dollars.A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 4Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.23. Who found the suspicious item at the airport?A. TSA agents.B. FBI agents.C. The police.D. Passengers.24. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. The terminal was closed temporarily afterwards.B. There was a thorough search inside the airport.C. Passengers at the airport were safe and sound.D. The security authorities identified the explosives.Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.25. According to the news item, doctors use art therapy to treat the following problems EXCEPT _______.A. alcohol abuseB. smokingC. depressionD. schizophrenia26. Why did doctors introduce art therapy in the first place?A. To prevent patients from smoking.B. To better understand patients.C. To get patients occupied.D. To teach patients some skills.Questions 27 and 28 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.27. What is the main purpose of the new rules?A. To reduce the number of pilots on duty.B. To prevent pilots from working overtime.C. To ensure an adequate amount of sleep.D. To fix the amount of work for each pilot.28. The Independent Pilots Association was unhappy about the new rules because they _______.A. had only covered cargo plane pilotsB. had failed to cover all the pilotsC. would be put into effect in two yearsD. would be too costly if implementedQuestions 29 and 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.29. Why is increase in livestock production necessary?A. Because livestock production is highly efficient.B. Because more people will become wealthier.C. Because it may help double food production.D. Because it has fewer ecological risks.30. What does the word “challenge” mean in the news item?A. Balance between human survival and ecology.B. Conflict between less land and more production.C. Difference between present and future needs.D. Calls by environmental critics to consume less meat.PART III CLOZE [15 MIN]Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on ANSWER SHEET TWO.Everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a modern state: Without it, it (31)____ not be possible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us; (32)____ the workers in government offices who (33)____ our health, our food, our water, and all the other things that we cannot do for ourselves; nor the ministers and members of parliament(国会) who govern the country for us. (34)____ taxation, we pay for things that we need just (35)____ we need somewhere to live and something to eat. But (36)____ everyone knows that taxation is necessary, different people have different ideas about (37)____ taxation should be arranged. Should each person have to pay a certain amount of money to the government each year? Or should there be tax on things that people buy and sell? If the first kind of taxation is used, should everyone pay the same tax, whether he is rich or poor? If the second kind of tax is preferred, should everything be taxed equally? In most countries, a direct tax on (38)____, which is called income tax, (39)____. It is arranged in such a(40)____ that the poorest people pay nothing, and the percentage of tax grows(41)____ as the taxpayer?s income grows. In England, for example, the tax on the richest people (42)____ as high as ninety-five percent! (43)____ countries with direct taxation nearly (44)____ have indirect taxation too. Many things imported into the country have to pay taxes or “duties”. Of course, it is the men and women who buy these imported things in the shops (45)____ really have to pay the duties, in the (46)____ of higher prices. In some countries, (47)____, there is a tax on things sold in the shops. If the most necessary things are taxed, a lot of money is (48)____, but the poor people suffer most. If unnecessary things (49)____ jewels and fur coats are taxed, less money is got but the tax is (50)____, as the rich pay it.31. A. can B. may C. could D. would32. A. nor B. neither C. never D. not33. A. look into B. look over C. look after D. look through34. A. In accordance to B. By means of C. With reference to D. On account of35. A. as well as B. as good as C. as such as D. as much as36. A. if B. when C. though D. as37. A. when B. how C. why D. which38. A. persons B. sectors C. communities D. classes39. A. remains B. stays C. exists D. happens40. A. form B. way C. measure D. method41. A. quicker B. speedier C. more D. larger42. A. grows up B. increases up C. goes up D. lifts up43. A. But B. Consequently C. Similarly D. And44. A. periodically B. almost C. often D. always45. A. which B. who C. what D. whom46. A. manner B. form C. means D. why47. A. either B. also C. too D. often48. A. lent B. saved C. borrowed D. collected49. A. alike B. like C. as D. for50. A. heavier B. fairer C. finer D. betterPART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY [15 MIN]There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.51. Facing the board of directors, he didn't deny ______ breaking the agreement.A. himB. itC. hisD. its52. Xinchun returned from abroad a different man. The italicized part functions as a(n) ______.A. appositive(同位语)B. objectC. adverbialD. complement.53. Which of the following is a compound word (复合词)A. NonsmokerB. DeadlineC. MeannessD. Misfit54. Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood?A. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 o?clock?B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city metro.C. Walk straight ahead, and don't turn till the second traffic lights.D. Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.55. The following determiners(限定词) can be used with both plural and uncountable nouns EXCEPT ______.A. moreB. enoughC. manyD. such56. Which of the italicized parts indicates CONTRAST?A. She opened the door and quietly went in.B. Victoria likes music and Sam is fond of sports.C. Think it over again and you'll get an answer.D. He is somewhat arrogant, and I don?t like this.57. Which of the following CANNOT be used as a nominal substitute(名词替代词)A. MuchB. NeitherC. OneD. Quarter58. All the following sentences definitely indicate future time EXCEPT ______.A. Mother is to have tea with Aunt Betty at four.B. The President is coming to the UN next week,C. The school pupils will be home by now.D. He is going to email me the necessary information.59. Which of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECT?A. Politics are the art or science of government.B. Ten miles seems like a long walk to me.C. Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.D. All the furniture has arrived undamaged.60. Which of in the following phrases indicates a subject-predicate relationship?A. The arrival of the touristsB. The law of NewtonC. The occupation of the islandD. The plays of Oscar Wilde61. Which of the following italicized parts serves as an appositive?A. He is not the man to draw back.B. Tony hit back the urge to tell a lie.C. Larry has a large family to support.D. There is really nothing to fear.62. Which of the following is NOT an imperative sentence?A. Let me drive you home, shall I?B. You will mind your own business.C. Come and have dinner with us.D. I wish you could stay behind.63. If it ______ tomorrow, the match would be put off.A. were to rainB. was to rainC. was rainingD. had rained64. Which of the following sentences expresses a fact?A. Mary and her son must be home by now.B. Careless reading must givepoor results.C. It's getting late, and I must leave now.D. He must be working lateat the office.65. The following are all dynamic verbs(动态动词) EXCEPT ______.A. remainB. turnC. writeD.knock66. ______ to school life was less difficult than the pupil had expected.A. AdheringB. AdoptingC. AdjustingD. Acquainting67. He is fed up with the same old dreary routine, and wants to quit his job.The underlined part means ______.A. dullB. boringC. longD. hard68. At last night's party Larry said something that I thought was beyond me.The underlined part means ______.A. I was unable to doB. I couldn't understandC. I was unable to stopD. I couldn't tolerate69. The couple ______ their old house and sold it for a vast profit.A. did forB. did inC. did withD.did up70. Sally contributed a lot to the project, but she never once accepted allthe ______ for herself.A. creditB. attentionC. focusD. award71. The child nodded, apparently content with his mother's promise. The underlined part means ______.A. as far as one has learntB. as far as one is concernedC. as far as one can seeD. as far as one is told72. The ______ that sport builds character is well accepted by people nowadays.A. issueB. argumentC. pointD. sentence73. Everyone in the office knows that Melinda takes infinite care over her work. The underlined part means ______.A. limitedB. unnecessaryC. overdueD. much74. The new measure will reduce the chance of serious injury in the event of an accident. The underlined part means ______.A. if an accident happensB. if an accident can be preventedC. before an accidentD. during an accident75. Traditionally, local midwives would ______ all the babies in the area.A. handleB. produceC. deliverD. help76. No food or drink is allowed on the premises. The underlined part means ______.A. propositionB. advertisementC. buildingD. string77. The court would not accept his appeal unless ______ evidence is provided.A. conclusiveB. definiteC. eventualD. concluding78. As soon as he opened the door, a ______ of cold air swept through the house.A. flowB. movementC. rushD. blast79. She really wanted to say something at the meeting, but eventually ______ from it.A. preventedB. refrainedC. limitedD. restricted80. The couple told the decorator that they wanted their bedroom gaily painted. The underlined part means ______.A. brightlyB. light-heartedlyC. cheerfullyD. lightlyPART V READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.TEXT ASaying “thank you” is probably the first thing most of us learn to do in a foreign language. After all, we're brought up to be polite, and it is importantto make a good impression upon other people —especially across national divides. The art of public speaking began in ancient Greece over 2,000 years ago. Now, twitter, instant messaging, e-mail, blogs and chat forums offer rival approaches to communication - but none can replace the role of a great speech. The spoken word can handle various vital functions: persuading or inspiring, informing, paying tribute, entertaining, or simply introducing someone or something or accepting something. Over the past year, the human voice has helped guide us over the ups and downs of what was certainly a stormy time. Persuasion is used in dealing with or reconciling different points of view. When the leaders met in Copenhagen in 5 December 2009, persuasive words from activists encouraged them to commit themselves to firmer action. Inspirational speeches confront the emotions. They focus on topics and matters that are close to people's hearts. During wars, generals used inspiring speeches to prepare the troops for battle. A speech that conveys knowledge and enhances understanding can inform us. The information must be clear, accurate, and expressed in a meaningful and interesting way. When the H1N1 pandemic流行病was announced, the idea of “swine flu”猪流感scared many people. Informative speeches from World Health Organization officials helped people to keep their panic under control so they could take sensible precautions. Sad events are never easy to deal with but a speech that pays tribute to the loss of a loved one and gives praise for their contribution can be comforting. Madonna's speech about Michael Jackson, after his death, highlighted the fact that he will continue to live on through his music. It's not only in world forums where public speaking plays an important role. It can also be surprisingly helpful in the course of our own lives. If you?re taking part in a debate you need to persuade the listeners of the soundness of your argument. In sports, athletes know the importance of a pep talk鼓舞士气的讲话before a match to inspire teammates. You yourself may be asked to do a presentation at college or work to inform the others about an area of vital importance. On a more personal level, a friend may be upset and need comforting. Or you might be asked to introduce a speaker at a family event or to speak at a wedding, where your language will be needed to move people or make them laugh. Great speaking ability is not something we're born with. Even Barack Obama works hard to perfect every speech. For a brilliant speech, there are rules that you can put to good use. To learn those rules you have to practice and learn from some outstanding speeches in the past.81. The author thinks the spoken word is still irreplaceable because _____.A. it has always been used to inspire or persuade people.B. it has a big role to play in the entertainment business.C. it plays important roles in human communication.D. it is of great use in everyday-life context.82. Which of the following statements is IN CORRECT about the role of public speaking?A. Speeches at world forums can lead to effective solutions to world problems.B. Speeches from medical authorities can calm people down in times of pandemics.C. The morale of soldiers before a battle can be boosted by senior officers' speeches.D. Speeches paying tribute to the dead can comfort the mourners.83.Public speaking can play all the following roles EXCEPT _____.A. to convince people in a debate.B. to inform people at a presentation.C. to advise people at work.D. to entertain people at a wedding.84. According to the passage, which of the following best explains the author's view on “great speaking ability”?A. It comes from observing rules.B. It can be perfected with easy effort.C. It can be acquired from birth.D. It comes from learning and practice.85. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Public speaking in international forums.B. The many uses of public speaking.C. Public speaking in daily life context.D. The rules of public speaking.TEXT BEvery business needs two things, says Skull candy CEO Rick Alden: inspiration and desperation. In 2001, Alden had both. He'd sold two snowboarding businesses, and he was desperately bored. But he had an idea: He wanted to make a new kind of headphone. “I kept seeing people missing their cell phone calls because they were listening to music,” he explains. Then I'm in a chairlift索道, I've got my headphones on, and I realize my phone is ringing. As 1 take my gloves off and reach for my phone, I think, “It can't be that tough to make headphones with two plugs, one for music and one for your cell phone.” Alden described what he wanted to a designer, perfected a prototype, and outsourced外包manufacturing overseas. Alden then started designing headphones into helmets, backpacks - anywhere that would make it easy to listen to music while snowboarding. “Selling into board and skate shops wasn't a big research effort,” he explains. “Those were the only guys I knew!” Alden didn't want to be a manufacturer. And by outsourcing, he'd hoped he could get the business off the ground without debt. But he was wrong. So he asked his wife, “Can I put a m ortgage抵押贷款on the house? She said, ?What is the worst thing that can happen? We lose the house, we sell our cars, and we start all over again.? I definitely married the right woman!” For the next two years, Alden juggled mortgage payments and payments to his manufacturers.“Factories won't ship your product till they get paid,” he says. “But it takes four or five months to get a mortgage company so upset that they knock on your door. So we paid the factory first.” Gradually, non-snowboarders began to notice the colorful headphones. In 2006, the company started selling them in 1,400 FYE (For Your Entertainment) stores. “We knew that nine out often people walking into that store would be learning about Skullcandy for the first time. Why would they look at brands they knew and take home a new brand instead? We had agreed to buy back anything we didn't sell, but we were dealing with huge numbers. It'd kill us to take back all the products.” Alden's fears faded as Skullcandy became the No. 1 headphone seller in those stores and tripled its revenue to $120 million in one year . His key insight was that headphones weren't gadgets; they were a fashion accessory. “In the beginning,” he says, “that little white wire that said you had an iPod—that was cool. But now wearing the white bud means you're just like everyone else. Headphones occupy this critical piece of cranial real estate and are highly visible.” Today, Skullcandy is America's second-largest headphone supplier, after Sony. With 79 employees, the company is bigger than Alden ever imagined.86. Alden came up with the idea of a new kind of headphone because he _____.A. was no longer in snowboarding businessB. had no other business opportunitiesC. was very fond of modern musicD. saw an inconvenience among mobile users87. The new headphone was originally designed for _____.A. snowboardersB. motorcyclistsC. mountain hikersD. marathon runners88. Did Alden solve the money problem?A. He sold his house and his cars.B. Factories could ship products before being paid.C. He borrowed money from a mortgage company.D. He borrowed money from his wife's family.89. What did Alden do to promote sales in FYE stores?A. He spent more money on product advertising.B. He promised to buy back products not sold.C. He agreed to sell products at a discount.D. He improved the colour design of the product.90. Alden sees headphones as _____.A. a sign of self-confidenceB. a symbol of statusC. part of fashionD. a kind of deviceTEXT C“I'm a little worried about my future,” said Dustin Hoffman in The Graduate. He should be so lucky. All he had to worry about was whether to have an affair with Mrs Robinson. In the sixties, that was the sum total of post-graduation anxiety syndrome. I was standing in my kitchen wondering what to have for lunch when my friend Taj called. “Sit down,” she said. I thought she was going to tell me she had just gotten the haircut from hell. I laughed and said, “It can't be that bad.” But it was. Before the phone call, I had 30 years of retirement saving in a “safe” fund with a brilliant financial guru金融大亨.When I put down the phone, my savings were gone. I felt as if I had died and, for some unknown reason, was still breathing. Since Bernie Madoff?s arrest on charges of running a $65 million Ponzi scheme, I've read many articles about how we investors should have known what was going on. I wish I could say I had reservations about Madoff before “the Call”, but I did not. On New Year's Eve, three weeks after we lost our savings, six of us Madoff people gathered at Taj's house for dinner. As we were sitting around the table, someone asked, “If you could have your money back right now, but it would mean giving up what you have learned by losing it, would you take the money or would you take what losing the money has given you?” My husband was still in financial shock. He said, “I just want the money back.” I wasn't certain where I stood. I knew that losing our money had cracked me wide open. I?d been walking around like what the Buddhists call a hungry ghost: always focused on the bite that was yet to come, not the one in my mouth. No matter how much I ate or had or experienced, it didn't satisfy me, because I wasn't really taking it in, wasn't absorbing it. Now I was forced to pay attention. Still, I couldn't honestly say that if someone had offered me the money back, I would turn it down. But the other four all said that what they were seeing about themselves was incalculable, and they didn't think it would have become apparent without the ground of financial stability being ripped out from underneath them. My friend Michael said, “I?d started to get complacent. It?s as if the muscles of my heart started to atrophy萎缩. Now they?re awake, alive—and I don?t want to go back.” These weren't just empty words. Michael and his wife needed to take in boarders to meet their expenses. Taj was so broke that she was moving into someone?s garage apartment in three weeks. Three friends had declared bankruptcy and weren't sure where or how they were going to live.91. What did the author learn from Taj's call?A. had got an awful haircut.B. They had lost their retirement savings.C. Taj had just retired from work.D. They were going to meet for lunch.92. How did the author feel in the following weeks?A. Angry.B. Disappointed.C. Indifferent.D. Desperate.。

翻译1春节贴年画(pasting New Year Prints)的风俗源自于往房子外面的门上贴门神(Door Gods）的传统。

随着木质雕刻品（board carvings）的出现，年画包含了更广泛的主题，最出名的就是门神，三大神——福神、薪神和寿神（Three Gods of Blessing, Salary and Longevity），寓意着庄稼丰收、家畜兴旺和庆祝春节。

年画的四大产地分别是苏州桃花坞、河北武强和山东潍坊。

现在中国农村仍然保持着贴年画的传统，而在城市里很少有人贴年画。

译：The custom of pasting New Year Prints in Spring Festival originated from the tradition of pasting Door Gods on the external doors of the house. With the creation of board carvings, New Year paintings cover a wide range of subjects, The most famous ones are Door God and Three Gods of Blessing, Salary and Longevity, signifying the abundant harvest of crops, the prosperity of domestic animals and thecelebration of Spring Festival. Four producing areas of New Year Prints are Taohuawu of Suzhou, Yangliuqing of Tianjing, Wuqiang of Hebei and Weifang Of Shandong. Now the tradition of pasting New Year paintings is still kept in rural China, while it is seldom followed in cities.“2春联（The Spring Couplet）”也被成为“对联（couplet）”，在中国是一种特殊的文学形式。

2013考研英语（一）翻译真题及解析--中域教育网46. yet when one looks at the photographs of the gardens created by the homeless, it strikes one that, for all their diversity of styles, these gardens speak of various other fundamental urges beyond that of decoration and creative expression.解析考察重点：非谓语动词做后置定语，状语从句，插入语这个句子结构非常清晰：it strikes one that, for all their diversity of styles,these gardens speak of various other fundamental urges beyond that of decoration and creative expression.是主句，其中for all their diversity of styles是插入语。

时间壮语从句yet when one looks at the photographs of the gardens created by the homeless,提前至主句之前，其中created by the homeless 是过去分词短语充当后置定语，用来修饰the gardens。

词汇的识别：句子中的动词looks at，对应的宾语是the photographs of the gardens,因此翻译成“观看”。

句子中created by the homeless对应的宾语是the gardens,因此翻译成“创建、建立”。

句子中的动词speak of对应的宾语是various other fundamental urges，因此翻译成“透露、显示、表明”。

2013考研英语（一）翻译真题及解析--中域教育网46. yet when one looks at the photographs of the gardens created by the homeless, it strikes one that, for all their diversity of styles, these gardens speak of various other fundamental urges beyond that of decoration and creative expression.解析考察重点：非谓语动词做后置定语，状语从句，插入语这个句子结构非常清晰：it strikes one that, for all their diversity of styles,these gardens speak of various other fundamental urges beyond that of decoration and creative expression.是主句，其中for all their diversity of styles是插入语。

时间壮语从句yet when one looks at the photographs of the gardens created by the homeless,提前至主句之前，其中created by the homeless 是过去分词短语充当后置定语，用来修饰the gardens。

词汇的识别：句子中的动词looks at，对应的宾语是the photographs of the gardens,因此翻译成“观看”。

句子中created by the homeless对应的宾语是the gardens,因此翻译成“创建、建立”。

句子中的动词speak of对应的宾语是various other fundamental urges，因此翻译成“透露、显示、表明”。