九年级下册英语复习提纲(仁爱版)
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九年级下册英语复习提纲(仁爱版)
找出它们之间的不同冠词的用法. 现以冠词为例:1.John
was given _______ orange bag for his birthday but ______ bag was
lost just now. A.an,a B.a,the C.the,a D.an,the 2.There's
________ old tree near _______ house. A.a,an B.an,the C.a,the
D.the,a 3.There is ___ 800-metre-long road behind ___
hospital.A.an,an B.a,a C.an,the D.a,the 4._______
good,kind girl she is! A.How B.What a C.What D.How a
5.________ bad weather!I hope it won't last long. A.How B.What
C.What a D.How a 6._______ they are listening to the teacher!
A.How careful B.What careful C.How carefully D.What carefully
由上例题我们可以发现冠词和感叹句是必考内容。同样,象宾语从句
的语序、代词的格、主谓语一致、动词和介词的搭配、近义词的比较
以及习惯表达法和情态动词的使用等,无一不在考查之列。 所有这一
切语言基础知识,我都将通过对典型试题的解题分析,展开讨论,分
层展示难易对比,系统归纳。 对于语言基础知识是这样处理,那么对
以能力测试为主要目的的中考其他试题形式又该怎么办呢? 这里我们
以一篇完形填空题为例: A poor farmer had never left his
small village.After he(1) a lot of money,he decided to spend a
holiday in an expensive hotel(旅馆)in a bigtown.(2)lunch time
came on his first day there,he went to eat in the restaurant(餐
馆)of the hotel(3) his new clothes.The head waiter(服务
员)(4)him to the table,took his order and went away.When he
turned and (5)the farmer again,he had a (6)!The farmer had
tied(系)his table cloth round his (7). The head waiter told
another waiter to go to the farmer and (8) him that people (9)
do such a thing in his restaurant.So the waiter went tothe farmer
and said in a (10) voice(声音),"Good morning,sir.Would you like
a haircut?" 1.A.lent B.made C.paid D.gave 2.A.During
B.Though C.When D.Because 3.A.for B.with C.on D.in
4.A.wanted B.put C.showed D.brought 5.A.looked at
B.watched C.saw D.found 6.A.look B.rest C.table cloth
D.surprise 7.A.arm B.neck C.hand D.head 8.A.ask B.tell
C.taught D.told 9.A.can't B.don't C.won't D.mustn't
10.A.friendly B.tired C.sad D.ter 要求考生从所给的选项中
选出正确答案,使补足后的短文意思通顺,结构完整。对此,考生必
须通篇考虑,不能拿来就做,那样必然顾此失彼,前后意思不得连贯。
目前的中考完型还侧重于语法,这将在逐年试题的变革中转向按上下
文的要求来推断理解。 在解这类题时,必须掌握“词感现象”,
注意学会区分“干扰项”。所谓词感,“the sense of word"是指一种
对词或词群的感受能力。对词的感受力强,在解题时会较为容易地找
到它与情景的关系。词感并不仅仅指词与词之间的细微差异,也并不
注重词的搭配与组合,它较多地强调选用恰当的词,以利于对情景作
出合乎逻辑的判断。同时也就把其它三个作为干扰项的选择项排除掉
了。最后复读一篇全文,就会语感流畅,句意明确。 这儿举例的
目的是想说明,我从一个较高的立意来对中考题型,特别是完形、阅
读等,进行分析、探讨,借以使同学们获得较为完整的解题思路和解
题方法。 词汇(一) 这一讲里,主要帮助同学们掌握名词、冠
词、数词的用法,特别是针对同学不易掌握的方面。 一、名词 关
于名词,我们必须掌握名词的数,名词的格。 单数可用a、an
来修饰可数名词单数,在元音发音开头的单词前用an,而不是a 1.
复数的构成方法:(1)一般在复数名词后加s,如:dog--dogs。 (2)
以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词加es,如:watch--watches。 (3)
以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加es, 如:country--countries。
请区别:如果是元音字母加y结尾的名词,则只须加s。 如:
monkey--monkeys。 (4)以o结尾的名词,只有potato(土豆),
tomato(西红柿)加es构成复数。 (5)以f、fe结尾的名词,变f、
fe为v再加es, 如:knife--knives。 2.单复数形式相同的词:
sheep--sheep,fish--fish Chinese--Chinese,Japanese--Japanese
3.特殊变化的单词有:(1)tooth--teeth,foot--feeth
(2)man--men,woman--women,
policeman--policemen,Frenchman--Frenchmen 请区别:
German(德国人)—Germans (3)child—children 4.常以复数形
式出现的名词:people(人),clothes(衣服),trousers(裤子)
glasses(眼镜) ,这些名词作主语时,同学们应特别注意它们的谓语,
用复数。 如:My clothes are (be) newer than yours. 5.有些
名词看似复数形式,实际上是单数。这一点是同学不易掌握的,应特
别加以记忆。如:news(消息),maths(数学),physics(物理) No news
is good news. 6.可用how many,many,a few,few,a lot of,
lots of,some,any等来修饰可数名词复数。 How many are there in
your pencil-box?(knife) 不可数名词:1.常见的不可数名词有:
water,rice,fish,meat,等。应特别记
medicine,news,work,homework,housework,money,chalk,weather,co
tton,wood. 2.不可数名词无复数,作主语时常看成单数。如:Some
bread__________over there.(be) 3.常用how much,much,a
little,little,a lot of,some,any等来修饰不可数名词。 4.常
用a piece of,a cup of等来表示不可数名词的量。如要表达“两片
面包”这样的意义,bread仍为不可数名词,不加s,而piece则可加
s。即:twopiecesof bread 请区别:可数名词也可用量来表示,
如:三箱苹果three boxes of apples 例: 1、These two pieces
of bread __________over there.(be) 2、Could I have three
___________,please? A.piece of bread B.piece of breads
C.pieces of bread D.pieces of breads 名词的格 名词所有格
的构成方法,在名词后加“ 's”。如:Tom→Tom's译为“…的”,若
遇上以s结尾的复数名词,则在s后加“ '”即可。如:Teachers'Day ,
twoweeks'holiday,而不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格,仍按惯例加
's 。如:Children's Day 关于名词所有格,应掌握以下几点:
1.可用名词所有格表示地点。 如:my aunt's 我姑姑家。 go to the
doctor's 去医生家。 2.表示两人共同拥有,在最后一个名词后
加's 如:Lucy and Lily's 露西和莉莉的 3.掌握词组:a girl of
five 一个五岁的女孩 a friend of mine 我的一个朋友 eg;The
white shirt is and blue one is . A、Kate,my B.Kate's,mine
C.Kate,mine D.Kate's,my 二、冠词 冠词是词汇中的基础的,
也是简单的部分,所以同学们有必要掌握其基本用法,归纳起来,同
学们应该掌握以下几点: 1.冠词指不定冠词a,an和定冠词the 2.
不定冠词an常用于元音发音开头的词前,如:an hour,an English car.
请区别:a useful machine 3.指上文提到过的人或物,用定冠词
the 4.在世界上独一无二的事物前用定冠词the.如:the sun,the
moon,the earth 5.定冠词the用于序数词前,表示方位的名词和
形容词级前。如:the first,the best ,in the south 6.在复数
姓氏前加the,表示××一家人,常看成复数。 如:The Browns
are going to Shanghai for a holiday this summer. 7.在介词
短语中常用定冠词the,如:in the box ,behind the chair 8.
特别注意不能用定冠词the的几个方面: (1)在节日、星期、月
份、季节、年等词前不用冠词。如:in summer,in August 请区
别:in the spring of 1945. (这里表示特指,故加the) (2)一
日三餐和球类运动名不用冠词。 如:have breakfast ,play football