大学体验英语综合教程2 第三版 Unit 3 电子教案

Unit OneLead-in1 competing2 variety3 choose4 drink5 consumers6 compare7 make decisions8 respond 9Pollution 10 provides Passage AThink About It1 Yes, of course. For example, I have learned from one ad saying that different kinds of used cans and bottles should be thrown into different dustbins so as to help classify them for recycling. Not only did I myself do so, I also asked other people to follow the advice.2 Here are some e xamples: “Smoking is dangerous for people’s health.” “For the safety of your family and yourself, drive carefully.”3 Yes, I do. They help raise people’s awareness of some public concerns. For instance, nowadays people have become much more conscious about environment protection and public service campaigns play a big part in it.Read About ItContent AwarenessRead And Think2 Work with your partner and answer the following questions.1 The Ad Council is a public service organization that helps to solve the most pressing social issues.2 They can raise people’s awareness, inspire individuals to take action,and save lives.3 The purpose of UNCF is to help minority students to graduate from college.4 They remind people of wearing safety belts.5 Public service advertisements play an important role in society. They can help people raise awareness of environmental protection, reduce traffic accidents, save water and energy, etc.3 Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F) according to the passage.1 F2 F3 T4 T5 T4 Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.1 economic2 estimated3 measurable 4inspired 5 maximize6 motivate 7created 8 distribute 9 concerning 10 abuses5 Complete the following sentences with phrases or expressions from the passage. Change the form where necessary.1 by name2 identify, with 3participate in 4 speak for 5 take, action6 Fill in each blank with a word from Passage A according to the definition given in the brackets. The number of the paragraph in which the target word appears is also supplied in the brackets. Change the form where necessary.1 awareness2 recruiting3 motivate4 concerning5 adopt7 Translate the following sentences into English.1 I find it increasingly difficult to live within my income.2 Modern politicians try to reach out to ordinary people in their TV speeches.3 Pupils should be helped to adopt a positive attitude to life.4 Everyone in the class is expected to participate in these discussions.5 If you commit a crime you must expect to be punished.8 Read and compare the English sentences, paying attention to their italicized parts, and then translate the Chinese sentences by simulating the structure of the English sentences.1 You may not know how a computer works, but you do know that it is an inseparable part in our daily life.2 Computers are more than a calculating tool – they enable people to do a lot more things, such as searching for information, communicating with friends online, shopping via the Internet, etc.3 Since the cartoon was introduced to the Asian market, more and more young people have become his fans.4 She feels that her mission in life is to help old people.5 Crime has been on the increase in recent months. Hence, we need more police to protect us.9 Look at the following public service advertisements. Have a discussion with your partner and share your view on what publicservice advertisement can do for us in China. The following words, phrases and sentence patterns may be of help to you.Public service advertising, with its focus on public welfare, is very popular around the world. Oftentimes we come across public service advertisements with catchy slogans and vivid cartoon characters. The general public like these advertisements. As a matter of fact, many of these advertisements are more than memorable –they raise awareness and inspire people to act in an upright, moral way and engage in philanthropy. They motivate people to join in social struggle between good and evil.Like elsewhere, public service advertising in China also plays a major role in improving public welfare. Many public service advertisements have been created to encourage people to say NO to smoking and drug abuse, and to show concern for environment and homeless children etc. Celebrities such as Jackie Chen and Yao Ming have taken an active part in the public service advertising, and for their personal charm, they have influenced a lot of people in doing good to society.10 Write a short passage of around 80 words explaining the functions of public service advertisements. The following two points should be included and the possible key words and phrases are given to help you.Public service advertising plays a very important role in every country. Itusually targets at one of the most pressing social issues. Different kinds of public service advertisements are created to raise awareness, inspire people to act in an upright, moral way and engage in philanthropy. They motivate people to join in social struggle between good and evil.In the Internet age, advertising has been developing fast along with the advancement of information technology. To remain committed and vigilant in establishing a foothold for public service advertising in a rapidly changing media landscape, we need more and better public service advertisements.Passage BThink About It1Some of the advantages of advertisements are:• a more efficient way to promote products for manufacturers (e.g.launching new products, promotion sales);•quicker access to potential customers (e.g. advertising on radio and TV, in newspapers and magazines, through ad brochures and instruction sheets, etc);•convenient for comparing prices and specifications of the commodities advertised by different suppliers; real-time information sources (e.g. information of job vacancies);• a quick and strong means of public service education (e.g. public service advertisements about AIDS, cancer).Some of the disadvantages of advertisements are:•misleading and false information and claims (e.g. exaggeration of the quality of the promoted products);•negative influence on people’s mind and health (e.g. alcohol and tobacco advertising).2 I would agree with what happens with regards to emotions. If an ad is capable of striking a consumer right at the heart of his emotions, it’s got to be effective. This is why manufacturers are playing on emotions in all of their promotional activities. Emotions are hard influencers and we all feel them so we are a weak target for advertising people.3 Open.Reference points:•Many highly promoted “healthy” products sales turn out to be cheating.•People who look for bargain sales usually feel disappointed and cheated in the end.Read About ItContent AwarenessRead And Think11 Work with your partner and answer the following questions.1 They are placed in the classified sections because it is more economical to do so.2 By acting as sponsors for sports, large companies make their products known to the consumers whereas sports get financial support for development.3 Since advertisement is one of the most efficient methods to reach potential employees in a country, an employer can select the best of the job seekers.4 Misleading the public is the most common form of abuse of advertisement.5 It tries to attract the attention of the viewers by bombarding them with relentless advertisement.12 Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F) according to the passage.1 T2 F3 T4 T5 F13 Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.1 bargain2 discard3 sponsor4 reveal5 destructive6 abuses7 authorities8 economical9 staged 10 eliminate14 Complete the following sentences with phrases or expressions from the passage. Change the form where necessary.1 In short2 weed out3 comes in contact with4 turn a blind eye to5 be taken in15 Translate the following sentences into English.1 The old woman was numbed by her son’s death.2 In the midst of all troubles, he managed to remain cheerful.3 They managed to carry on their experiments in spite of the difficulties.4 We have to weed out unqualified applicants.5 The doctor told him to cut down on smoking.17 Read each of the following sentences, and fill in the coordinating conjunction that best expresses the relationship between the two complete thoughts.1 but2 so3 for4 and5 or18 Each of the following thoughts is complete by itself, but you can join two of them together to make more interesting sentences. Combine these thoughts into pairs, using and, but, yet, for, so, and or, and write six new sentences on the lines below. Punctuate correctly.1 Teeth fascinate him, so Jack has decided to become a dentist.2 He will rent a small apartment by himself, or he will get a large place with a friend.3 Since the 1840s, American women had fought for the right to vote, yet they did not win that right until 19204 A curious crowd gathered on the sidewalk, and live models danced in the store window.5 They are the best pool players on the block, but they can’t beat my cousin from Cleveland.6 The ancient Chinese valued peaches, for they believed that eating peaches made a person immortal.19 Add an idea after each conjunctive adverb. Keep in mind the meaning of furthermore, however, nevertheless, and therefore. The idea you add should help to form an entire sentence that makes sense.1 they are interesting, articulate people2 he sleeps with a light on in his room3 I took the test and got an A4 I won’t wear the ten-gallon hat5 we can stay later at the park。

大学体验英语项目组《大学体验英语综合教程（2）》（第3版）学习指南Unit3一、词汇短语Passage Acompel[]vt.强迫，迫使，强迫发生【例句】His cleverness and skill compel our admiration.他的聪明和技巧使我们赞叹不已。

【助记】com+pel（驱使）→驱使去做→强迫，迫使【派生】compelling adj.引人注目的；强制的；激发兴趣的slogan[]n.口号，标语【例句】The slogan was a pun on the name of the product.广告标语与其产品名称一语双关。

【助记】S（谐音：死）+lo（形似：10）+gan（拼音：干）→死10个人也要干成这件事→口号。

campaign[]n.战役；（政治或商业性的）活动，竞选运动vi.参加活动；参加竞选；作战【例句】This is an advertising campaign for a new product.这是一项旨在推出新产品的广告计划。

【助记】camp+pain阵营疼痛；阵营里发出疼痛声，原来是一系列战役造成的；军营里喝champagne，战役【派生】campaigner n.竞选者；从军者；出征者；老兵fatality[]n.命运决定的事物，不幸，灾祸，天命【例句】There have been ten swimming fatalities this summer.今年夏季已有十人游泳遇溺。

【词组】fatality rate致死率the fatality of certain diseases某些疾病的致命性tagline[]n.标语；品牌口号dummy[]n.假人，哑巴adj.虚拟的，假的【例句】The bottles of whisky on display are all dummies.陈列的威士忌酒都是假的。

【词组】dummy hinges for ornament装饰用的假铰链look like a dummy显出呆头呆脑的样子a dummy president名义校长dummy a newspaper把报纸放大样stimulate[]v.刺激，（使）兴奋；鼓励，鼓舞【例句】The intention of lowering interest rates is to stimulate the economy anddevelop industries.降低利率的目的是为了刺激经济、发展工业。

Unit 3 大学体验英语第二册电子教案Unit Three AdvertisingLearning Objectives 1. Listen and Talk about the advantages and disadvantages of advertising2. Grasp the main idea of the two passages3. Master the key language points4. Write about why people fall victim to advertising5. Learn about conjunctions and connective words6. Learn to write a personal adPassage A The VictimI. Pre-reading TasksA. Introductory Questions1. How often do you shop for clothes?2. Do you always follow fashion when buying clothes for yourself? Explain3. Do you think the clothes one wears define what kind of person he or she is? ExplainB. Introductory RemarksThe author once was a compulsive shopper, and might even be addicted to shopping. Shetended to buy more clothes than she needed, and often looked for famous brands, and evendiscounts. Later in her life, when she became a marketing student, this helped her understand howmuch her shopping was influenced by advertising. This influence began to be felt in middle schoolwhen she became concerned about her appearance. As an adult she was more aware of hermotives while shopping, but was still influenced by advertising, consciously or subconsciously.The conclusion drawn by the author is: nobody can escape the influence of advertising.Advertising uses our weaknesses and insecurities against us, and makes us want to be moreattractive, popular, or loveable. It makes us uncomfortable with who we are, and makes us want tobe like the models in the ads. Thus we may buy things that we think are "new, cool, or hot."II. While-reading ActivitiesA. Language Points1. shop-a-holic: A shop-a-holic is a compulsive person who finds great joy in shopping, almost tothe point of being a hobby, but finds it hard to stop shopping and buys things thatare not needed.2. fashion: n. the way of dressing or behaving that is consideredthe best at a certain timeeg. 1) Fashions have changed since I was a girl.2) Fashions for men’s clothes change less frequently than fashionsfo r women’sclothes.3. brand: n. a class of goods which is the product of a particular firm of producereg.1) What is your favorite brand of soap?12) There are two brands of the article on the market.4. clutter: v. make untidy or confusedeg. 1) The room was cluttered with furniture2) Don’t clutter your room.3)The road was cluttered with refugees.5. victim: n. person, animal, etc. suffering injury, pain, loss, etc. as result of other people’sactions, or of illness, bad luck, etc.eg. 1) He was the victim of ill-treatment as a child.2) Many thousands of animals have been victims of this strange new disease.6. necessity: n. something that is necessaryeg. 1) Food and clothing are necessities of life.2) We’ll take only the necessities f or the camping trip.7. dress up: make (something, or oneself) more attractive, esp. with clothingeg.1) They dressed up for the occasion.2) Are you going to dress up for the party, or is it informal?8. be concerned with: to be abouteg. 1) This story is concerned with fairies and wicked magicians.2)The film is concerned with morals.9.define: v. show the character or nature ofeg. 1) Good manners define the gentlemen.2) What defines us as human?10. feed off:1? if an animal feeds off something, it gets food from it:eg. 1) The pigeons feed off our neighbor’s crops.2?an insulting way of saying that someone uses something to continue their activities:eg. 1) The press feeds off gossip and tittle-tattle.11. identify with: cause or consider (someone to be connected with something)eg. 1) Weather cannot be identified with happiness.2) The world identifies Mrs. Pankhurst with female emancipation.12. turn to: go to … for help, advice, sympathy, comfort, etc.eg. 1) The child felt there was no one he could turn to with his problems.2) I had to turn to the dictionary for help.13.quest: n. search, attempt to findeg. 1) The quest for gold was long and difficult.2) He went to the library in quest of something to read.14. affect: v. influenceeg. 1) The amount of rain affects the growth of crops.2)The economic crisis has seriously affected German exports.15. add to: put together with something else so as to increase the number, size, importanceeg. 1) He added some wood to the fire.2)The music added to our enjoyment.16.glamorous: adj. attractive or full of charmeg. 1) She is the most glamorous star in motion pictures.17. be one’s fault: be something for which one can rightly be blamed2eg. 1) It is your own fault for not learning.2) Whose fault is it (that) we are late? It is not our fault.18.means: n. a method or wayeg. 1) The quickest means of travel is by plane.2)He hoped to achieve his goal by peaceful means.19.consumption: n. the act of consumingeg. 1)There is too great a consumption of alcohol in Britain.2)That price rise did not reduce consumption.20. step back: think about as if not involvedeg. 1) From time to time, the teachers should step back and lettheir pupils run things theirway.B. Sentence Explanation1. You could call me a shop-a-holic, as most of my friends do, but I call myself a lover offashion. (para. 1)You could call me a shopping addict, as most of my friends do, but I’d rather say I love to buythings in fashion.2. But as I progressed to high school, advertising became a big influence. (para. 3)But as I moved ahead to high school, I paid more attention to advertising.3. The clothing in high school became something that defined you.High school students seem to adopt a notion that by wearing expensive clothes they are wealthy,smart, or superior in some way.4. Yet my friends and I still turn to advertising, now not only to stay in fashion but more soto find our own style. (para. 4)Yet my friends and I still pay attention to advertising, not only to follow the fashions, but moreto find our own personal style.5. Advertising feeds off human insecurities and make us want to belike these beautifulpeople.Advertising makes people insecure about who they are and need expensive clothes to makethem look good.6. Advertisers show us people around us, yet they choose only acertain look. (para. 5)We see average people in the advertisements, but they are shown in deliberately chosen images.7. Is it the victim’s fault for believing, or the fault of societyfor allowing advertisers to do so?(para. 6)Is it the buyer’s fault for believing the advertising, orsociety’s fault for allowing ads to be madeso powerful and influential?III. After-reading Tasks:1. Do some exercises after the text.2. Dictation.3. Practice making sentences with the important words or expressions.3Passage B The Ad Council at a Glance I. Pre-reading TasksA. Introductory Questions1. Have you ever benefited from public service advertisement?2. Can you give one or two slogans used in public service advertisement?3. Do you think public service campaigns are necessary? Explain.B. Introductory RemarksThe Ad Council was founded during World War II to help sell War Bonds. After the war itcontinued to address pressing social issues with public service advertisements (PSA's). Since 1942it has created over 1000 advertising campaigns on such issues as forest fires, safe and soberdriving, minority education, crime, drugs, child abuse, recycling, and AIDS. Some of its mostfamous messages are "Only You Can Prevent Forest Fires," "Friends Don't Let Friends DriveDrunk," and "A Mind is a Terrible Thing to Waste." Seat belt usage rose from 21% to 70% afterthe Crash Test Dummies were introduced in 1985. The Ad Council's current major campaigns areto help children achieve their full potential and to encourage Americans to support the war onterrorism.II. While-reading ActivitiesA. Language Points1. inspire: v. encourage in (someone) the ability to acteg. 1) We need a new captain—someone who can inspire the team.2) Success inspires us for fresh efforts.2. take action: start to do something, begin to acteg. 1)They took action to stop him.2)The government has promised to take quick action on the energy crisis.3. individual: n. person; any human beingeg. 1) The individual doesn’t count for much in the situation, the nation must come first.2) The purpose of the law is to protect the rights of the individual.4. testify to: formal to be a clear sign that something is trueeg. 1) Mrs Parson’s nervous behavior testified to the strain shewas under.2) Her red face testified to her guilt.unch: v. get started; set goingeg. 1) The government has launched a new plan to build more houses.2) The firm launched the new product with a big advertising campaign.6. estimate: v. form judgments about; calculate (the lost, value, size, etc.)eg. 1) She made plans and estimated means and resources.2) I asked three building firms to estimate for the repairs to the roof.7.rally: v. (cause to) come or bring together for a purposeeg. 1) To rally people is to bring them together for a great united effort.2) The whole nation rallied to help the government with the war.8.recruit: v. get somebody to do something4eg. 1) The wartime government first recruited men (into the force) from nonessentialindustries.2) The coach recruited nine boys for the baseball team.9.symbol: n. a sign, shape, image, or object which represents a person, idea, value, etc.eg. 1) The lion is often used as a symbol of courage.2) The dove is the symbol of peace.10.stimulate: v. make…more active or alerteg. 1) He was stimulated into greater efforts.2) Praise stimulated the child to study hard.11. make a / the difference: see or show (two things) to be differenteg. 1)If you do so it will make a great difference.2) The extra money would have made all the difference.12.motivate: v. provide someone with a reason or cause for doing somethingeg. 1) He was motivated only by his wish to help, and expected nothing in return.2) These children just sit around all day doing nothing; they need someone tomotivate them.13.concerning: prep. about; with regard toeg. 1) He wrote to me concerning a business arrangement.T 2) his is, I believe, all the news concerning the society.14.abuse: n. wrong use; bad or cruel treatmenteg. 1)Here are some recent abuses of the word.2) Child abuse is a punishable offence.15.adopt: v. take (an idea, custom, etc.) and useeg. 1) I like your methods of teaching and shall adopt them in my school.2) Congress adopted the new measures.16. speak for: express the thoughts, opinions, etc. of…eg. 1)Speaking for yourself, I find the housing quite satisfactory.2) He is old enough to speak for himself.17. approximately: adv. very near (to); very nearlyeg. 1)There are approximately 50 people who attended the lecture.2) The time is approximately ten o’clock.18. pledge: n. a solemn promise or agreementeg. 1) He was under pledge to spend the money in the best way.2) He gave a pledge to handle the affair in a friendly manner.19. decline: v. going from a better to a worse position, or from higher to lowereg. 1) Our business has gone into a decline this year.2) There is a sharp decline in sports in our town.20. distribute: v. divide among several or manyeg. 1) The teacher distributed the examination papers to the class.2) He distributed the prizes among the winners.21. inform: v. tell; give information toeg. 1) He informed me of his arrival.2) He would like to be informed of any new developments.5B. Sentence Explanation1. Our slogans and characters are more than memorable--- they raise awareness, inspireindividuals to take action, and save lives. (para. 1)Our slogans and characters are not just easy to remember, they also greatly influence people’sattitudes and actions, and they save lives.2. The War Advertising Council, a private, non-profit organization, was founded to rallysupport for World War II-related efforts. (para. 6) The War Advertising Council, which was not established by the government or for profit, wasaimed to encourage people to support World War II.3. The Ad Council’s mission is to identi fy a select number of significant public issues andstimulate action on those issues through communications programsthat make ameasurable difference in our society. (para. 7) The Ad Council’s main goal is to decide on a few of vital well-chosen public issues and encourage people to do something that helps to improve the society through effectivecommunications programs.4. The Ad Council reached out to the federal government as well as important nationalnon-profits with an offer to create and also distribute theircrisis-related messages tomedia outlets nationwide. (para. 10)The Ad Council appealed to the American government and the major national non-profitorganizations for producing and distributing messages about the 9-11 disaster to various mediaoutlets throughout the country.III. After-reading Tasks1. Do some exercises after the text.2. Dictation.6。

【最新整理，下载后即可编辑】课程：大学体验英语综合教程3（第三版）教师：王晓芳Unit 3 Famous Brand NamesListen and TalkI.Teaching Objectives1.To train the students’ ability to listen through listening practice.2.To cultivate the students’ ability to talk about famous brandnames.3.To let students learn something about making advertisements andtheir business success.II.Time Allotment1st period：Lead-in(25min)2nd period：Discussion(25min)3rd period：Dialogue samples(30min)4th period：Communicative tasks(20min)III.Teaching Content1.Lead-in: Listen to the passage at least 3times and try to rearrangethe paragraphs which are not in the correct order.2.Discussion: Several pictures are presented to encourage studentsto make advertisements as if they were ad designers.3.Dialogue samples: Two dialoguesDialogue 1 The Pros and Cons of Famous BrandsDialogue 2 Why Piracy Exists4. Communicative tasks: Two situations are designed to help students practice oral English.Task 1 Talking about Favorite DrinksTask 2 Discussing Computer Software PiracyIV. Teaching Procedures1.Lead-inStep1:Teach students the words in P 210.Step2: Ask the students to listen to the passage at least 3 times and try to rearrange the paragraphs which are not in the correct order.1. risk n. 危险take risk 冒险2. marketing n. 市场营销3. entrepreneur n. 企业家4. penny wise and pound foolish 小时聪明，大事糊涂2. DiscussionStep 1. Show students with several pictures of world famousbrands which are familiar to students and tell theirsuccessful stories.Step 2. Ask students to form partners or groups to designadvertisements with the help of the pictures.1) sell a house to a snail2) sell a refrigerator to an Inuit3) sell a swimming suit to a fishFor reference: Inuit /ˈɪnuːɪt/ are a group of culturally similar indigenous peoples inhabiting the Arctic regionsof Greenland, Canada, and Alaska. Inuit is a plural noun; thesingular is Inuk. The word Inuit means "the people" in the Inuitlanguage of Inuktitut.3. Dialogue samplesStep 1. (1)Ask students to listen to dialogue 11. designer n. 设计师2. insecure adj. 无把握的，不肯定的3. catwalk n. 时装秀台4. beyond one’s means 超出某人的支付能力5. sturdy n. 结实的6. underwear n. 内衣(2)Ask students to repeat the dialogue line by line with one speaking after the other.Step 2. (1)Ask students to listen to dialogue 21. piracy n. 盗版行为2. author v. 创作出版3. undercut v. 廉价出售4. elite n. 精英(2) Ask students to repeat the dialogue line by line with onespeaking after the other.4. Communicative tasksAsk students to create a dialogue with their partneraccording to the given situation, using the expressions andsentence patterns for making the interviews in the table.Situation 1Two students are talking about their favorite drinks, eachtrying to argue for his / her own preferred brand andagainst the other’s choice.For referenceA: Hmmm, I’m thirsty. Shall we go and get a drink?B: Yeah, that sounds like a good idea. I could do with a nice cup of tea.A: Tea! Yuck! Coke for me.B: Coke? Do you really like it? I always think it tastes so artificial ... and it’s so sweet.A: And you like the taste of tea?B: Well, at least tea doesn’t rot my teeth.A: That depends on how much sugar you put in.B: I don’t put sugar in my tea. I drink it ‘cos it’s natural, and it tastes good. Besides, coke’s much moreexpensive.A: Some things are worth spending money on.B: Maybe, but coke’s beyond my means. And my theory is that tea’s healthy, it’s good for you.A: Well, that depends on what kind of tea you drink. You know some teas have loads of caffeine in them ... morethan coke even.B: Huh, okay. I can see I’m not going to win this one. And all this talking is making me thirsty. Let’s go and get thatdrink. You can have your coke if you want to. I’ll stickto my tea.Situation 2Two friends are discussing computer software piracy.For referenceA: Hey, I got a great new program for my computeryesterday. It’s a brilliant game. You should come overand play.B: Another program? I don’t know how you can afford them all.A: Well you know ... it’s a pirate copy.B: Don’t you feel bad supporting the pirates?A: I can’t afford the real thing!B: But it’s illegal ...A: Illegal to want to save money? It’s as good as the real thing but costs a quarter of the price.B: Maybe, but you see the problem is that with pirates the people who really do all the work end up losing out.A: Look, I’m just an average consumer. I’ve got to think about what’s good for me.B: But in the long run it’s not good for you. This pirate thing is getting out of control. You see, the more moneythe manufacturers lose through being pirated, the higherthe price of the real thing will become. In the end only anelite few can afford the genuine articles.A: I see what you mean. But if they made the programscheaper they could reduce the illegal copying.B: But they wouldn’t make any profit!A: In the short term perhaps but in the longer term theyprobably would. Honestly, I’d prefer to buy the originalsbut I just can’t. Now do you want to come and play ornot?V. AssignmentAsk students to work in pairs to discuss how to make advertisements, and preview the passage A.。

Unit 3 大学体验英语第二册电子教案Unit Three AdvertisingLearning Objectives 1. Listen and Talk about the advantages and disadvantages of advertising2. Grasp the main idea of the two passages3. Master the key language points4. Write about why people fall victim to advertising5. Learn about conjunctions and connective words6. Learn to write a personal adPassage A The VictimI. Pre-reading TasksA. Introductory Questions1. How often do you shop for clothes?2. Do you always follow fashion when buying clothes for yourself? Explain3. Do you think the clothes one wears define what kind of person he or she is? ExplainB. Introductory RemarksThe author once was a compulsive shopper, and might even be addicted to shopping. Shetended to buy more clothes than she needed, and often looked for famous brands, and evendiscounts. Later in her life, when she became a marketing student, this helped her understand howmuch her shopping was influenced by advertising. This influence began to be felt in middle schoolwhen she became concerned about her appearance. As an adult she was more aware of hermotives while shopping, but was still influenced by advertising, consciously or subconsciously.The conclusion drawn by the author is: nobody can escape the influence of advertising.Advertising uses our weaknesses and insecurities against us, and makes us want to be moreattractive, popular, or loveable. It makes us uncomfortable with who we are, and makes us want tobe like the models in the ads. Thus we may buy things that we think are "new, cool, or hot."II. While-reading ActivitiesA. Language Points1. shop-a-holic: A shop-a-holic is a compulsive person who finds great joy in shopping, almost tothe point of being a hobby, but finds it hard to stop shopping and buys things thatare not needed.2. fashion: n. the way of dressing or behaving that is consideredthe best at a certain timeeg. 1) Fashions have changed since I was a girl.2) Fashions for men’s clothes change less frequently than fashionsfo r women’sclothes.3. brand: n. a class of goods which is the product of a particular firm of producereg.1) What is your favorite brand of soap?12) There are two brands of the article on the market.4. clutter: v. make untidy or confusedeg. 1) The room was cluttered with furniture2) Don’t clutter your room.3)The road was cluttered with refugees.5. victim: n. person, animal, etc. suffering injury, pain, loss, etc. as result of other people’sactions, or of illness, bad luck, etc.eg. 1) He was the victim of ill-treatment as a child.2) Many thousands of animals have been victims of this strange new disease.6. necessity: n. something that is necessaryeg. 1) Food and clothing are necessities of life.2) We’ll take only the necessities f or the camping trip.7. dress up: make (something, or oneself) more attractive, esp. with clothingeg.1) They dressed up for the occasion.2) Are you going to dress up for the party, or is it informal?8. be concerned with: to be abouteg. 1) This story is concerned with fairies and wicked magicians.2)The film is concerned with morals.9.define: v. show the character or nature ofeg. 1) Good manners define the gentlemen.2) What defines us as human?10. feed off:1? if an animal feeds off something, it gets food from it:eg. 1) The pigeons feed off our neighbor’s crops.2?an insulting way of saying that someone uses something to continue their activities:eg. 1) The press feeds off gossip and tittle-tattle.11. identify with: cause or consider (someone to be connected with something)eg. 1) Weather cannot be identified with happiness.2) The world identifies Mrs. Pankhurst with female emancipation.12. turn to: go to … for help, advice, sympathy, comfort, etc.eg. 1) The child felt there was no one he could turn to with his problems.2) I had to turn to the dictionary for help.13.quest: n. search, attempt to findeg. 1) The quest for gold was long and difficult.2) He went to the library in quest of something to read.14. affect: v. influenceeg. 1) The amount of rain affects the growth of crops.2)The economic crisis has seriously affected German exports.15. add to: put together with something else so as to increase the number, size, importanceeg. 1) He added some wood to the fire.2)The music added to our enjoyment.16.glamorous: adj. attractive or full of charmeg. 1) She is the most glamorous star in motion pictures.17. be one’s fault: be something for which one can rightly be blamed2eg. 1) It is your own fault for not learning.2) Whose fault is it (that) we are late? It is not our fault.18.means: n. a method or wayeg. 1) The quickest means of travel is by plane.2)He hoped to achieve his goal by peaceful means.19.consumption: n. the act of consumingeg. 1)There is too great a consumption of alcohol in Britain.2)That price rise did not reduce consumption.20. step back: think about as if not involvedeg. 1) From time to time, the teachers should step back and lettheir pupils run things theirway.B. Sentence Explanation1. You could call me a shop-a-holic, as most of my friends do, but I call myself a lover offashion. (para. 1)You could call me a shopping addict, as most of my friends do, but I’d rather say I love to buythings in fashion.2. But as I progressed to high school, advertising became a big influence. (para. 3)But as I moved ahead to high school, I paid more attention to advertising.3. The clothing in high school became something that defined you.High school students seem to adopt a notion that by wearing expensive clothes they are wealthy,smart, or superior in some way.4. Yet my friends and I still turn to advertising, now not only to stay in fashion but more soto find our own style. (para. 4)Yet my friends and I still pay attention to advertising, not only to follow the fashions, but moreto find our own personal style.5. Advertising feeds off human insecurities and make us want to belike these beautifulpeople.Advertising makes people insecure about who they are and need expensive clothes to makethem look good.6. Advertisers show us people around us, yet they choose only acertain look. (para. 5)We see average people in the advertisements, but they are shown in deliberately chosen images.7. Is it the victim’s fault for believing, or the fault of societyfor allowing advertisers to do so?(para. 6)Is it the buyer’s fault for believing the advertising, orsociety’s fault for allowing ads to be madeso powerful and influential?III. After-reading Tasks:1. Do some exercises after the text.2. Dictation.3. Practice making sentences with the important words or expressions.3Passage B The Ad Council at a Glance I. Pre-reading TasksA. Introductory Questions1. Have you ever benefited from public service advertisement?2. Can you give one or two slogans used in public service advertisement?3. Do you think public service campaigns are necessary? Explain.B. Introductory RemarksThe Ad Council was founded during World War II to help sell War Bonds. After the war itcontinued to address pressing social issues with public service advertisements (PSA's). Since 1942it has created over 1000 advertising campaigns on such issues as forest fires, safe and soberdriving, minority education, crime, drugs, child abuse, recycling, and AIDS. Some of its mostfamous messages are "Only You Can Prevent Forest Fires," "Friends Don't Let Friends DriveDrunk," and "A Mind is a Terrible Thing to Waste." Seat belt usage rose from 21% to 70% afterthe Crash Test Dummies were introduced in 1985. The Ad Council's current major campaigns areto help children achieve their full potential and to encourage Americans to support the war onterrorism.II. While-reading ActivitiesA. Language Points1. inspire: v. encourage in (someone) the ability to acteg. 1) We need a new captain—someone who can inspire the team.2) Success inspires us for fresh efforts.2. take action: start to do something, begin to acteg. 1)They took action to stop him.2)The government has promised to take quick action on the energy crisis.3. individual: n. person; any human beingeg. 1) The individual doesn’t count for much in the situation, the nation must come first.2) The purpose of the law is to protect the rights of the individual.4. testify to: formal to be a clear sign that something is trueeg. 1) Mrs Parson’s nervous behavior testified to the strain shewas under.2) Her red face testified to her guilt.unch: v. get started; set goingeg. 1) The government has launched a new plan to build more houses.2) The firm launched the new product with a big advertising campaign.6. estimate: v. form judgments about; calculate (the lost, value, size, etc.)eg. 1) She made plans and estimated means and resources.2) I asked three building firms to estimate for the repairs to the roof.7.rally: v. (cause to) come or bring together for a purposeeg. 1) To rally people is to bring them together for a great united effort.2) The whole nation rallied to help the government with the war.8.recruit: v. get somebody to do something4eg. 1) The wartime government first recruited men (into the force) from nonessentialindustries.2) The coach recruited nine boys for the baseball team.9.symbol: n. a sign, shape, image, or object which represents a person, idea, value, etc.eg. 1) The lion is often used as a symbol of courage.2) The dove is the symbol of peace.10.stimulate: v. make…more active or alerteg. 1) He was stimulated into greater efforts.2) Praise stimulated the child to study hard.11. make a / the difference: see or show (two things) to be differenteg. 1)If you do so it will make a great difference.2) The extra money would have made all the difference.12.motivate: v. provide someone with a reason or cause for doing somethingeg. 1) He was motivated only by his wish to help, and expected nothing in return.2) These children just sit around all day doing nothing; they need someone tomotivate them.13.concerning: prep. about; with regard toeg. 1) He wrote to me concerning a business arrangement.T 2) his is, I believe, all the news concerning the society.14.abuse: n. wrong use; bad or cruel treatmenteg. 1)Here are some recent abuses of the word.2) Child abuse is a punishable offence.15.adopt: v. take (an idea, custom, etc.) and useeg. 1) I like your methods of teaching and shall adopt them in my school.2) Congress adopted the new measures.16. speak for: express the thoughts, opinions, etc. of…eg. 1)Speaking for yourself, I find the housing quite satisfactory.2) He is old enough to speak for himself.17. approximately: adv. very near (to); very nearlyeg. 1)There are approximately 50 people who attended the lecture.2) The time is approximately ten o’clock.18. pledge: n. a solemn promise or agreementeg. 1) He was under pledge to spend the money in the best way.2) He gave a pledge to handle the affair in a friendly manner.19. decline: v. going from a better to a worse position, or from higher to lowereg. 1) Our business has gone into a decline this year.2) There is a sharp decline in sports in our town.20. distribute: v. divide among several or manyeg. 1) The teacher distributed the examination papers to the class.2) He distributed the prizes among the winners.21. inform: v. tell; give information toeg. 1) He informed me of his arrival.2) He would like to be informed of any new developments.5B. Sentence Explanation1. Our slogans and characters are more than memorable--- they raise awareness, inspireindividuals to take action, and save lives. (para. 1)Our slogans and characters are not just easy to remember, they also greatly influence people’sattitudes and actions, and they save lives.2. The War Advertising Council, a private, non-profit organization, was founded to rallysupport for World War II-related efforts. (para. 6) The War Advertising Council, which was not established by the government or for profit, wasaimed to encourage people to support World War II.3. The Ad Council’s mission is to identi fy a select number of significant public issues andstimulate action on those issues through communications programsthat make ameasurable difference in our society. (para. 7) The Ad Council’s main goal is to decide on a few of vital well-chosen public issues and encourage people to do something that helps to improve the society through effectivecommunications programs.4. The Ad Council reached out to the federal government as well as important nationalnon-profits with an offer to create and also distribute theircrisis-related messages tomedia outlets nationwide. (para. 10)The Ad Council appealed to the American government and the major national non-profitorganizations for producing and distributing messages about the 9-11 disaster to various mediaoutlets throughout the country.III. After-reading Tasks1. Do some exercises after the text.2. Dictation.6。