English literature-Unit 1

UNIT 1 Of Marriage and Single Life Francis Bacon 弗兰西斯。

培根1.What are the advantages and disadvantages of a married life according to Bacon? Advantages:1.Be responsible for family and careful;2.Hortative, put men in mind of their wives and children ,for soldiers;3. A kind of discipline of humanity , grave natures led by custom are commonly lovinghusbands;4.Wives are young men’s mistress , companions for middle age , and old men’s nurses Disadvantages:1.giving hostages to fortune2.impediments to great enterprises3.an abatament of a man’s riches and a family will bing a man bonds and shacklesUNIT 4 Letter to Lord Chesterfield Samuel Johnson 塞缪尔。

约翰逊2.What is the importance of this letter in the history of English literature?1.John’s letter has been described as literature’s “Declaration ofIndependence”;Independence of writers2. It’s a poor writer to the big man’s indictment-like , showing contempt for the writer ofthe elite.3. It has been the subject of critical comment over since in the literary world.4.It represents the English new bourgeoisie(资产阶级)’ resistance against feudalism（封建主义）.5.It embodies the author’s rebellion.*6、事实上，此后英国文坛上的保护制度（Patronage）在英国，在欧洲大陆逐渐消失了。

大学英语第一册课文unit1简短英语大一下学期课本unit1(四篇)精选大学英语第一册课文unit1简短一精选大学英语第一册课文unit1简短四what college education means to me大学教育对我的意义the title of my speech is ”what college education means to me “.now reflecting on the past two and half years of my college experience, i come to realize how much it has shaped me.今日我演讲的题目是“大学教育对我的意义”。

回忆思考着逝去的两年半的大学生活，我慢慢熟悉到大学教育对我产生的巨大影响。

for me, college education is a marvelous ship-builder who designed me from kneel plates up.对我来说，大学教育如同一位技艺精湛的造船师，从船头至船尾地塑造了我。

with great vision, college education has equipped me, first with a powerful propeller----the sophisticated knowledge in certain field and wide exposure to other disciplines. by dedicating myself to the engineering courses in the day and immersing myselfin the rich banquet of the world literature at night, i”ve amassed the driving force for the future and enriched my soul.首先，具有远见卓识的大学教育为我装配了一只马力强劲的推动器;精深的专业学问及广博的课外学问给我带来无限动力。

Unit one A Brief History of EnglishPaul McHenry Roberts (1917- 1967) was an American author and journalist. He taught college English for over twenty years，first at San Jose State College and later at Cornell University. He published numerous books on linguistics, including Understanding Grammar (1954)，Patterns of English (1956)，and Understanding English (1958). In this selection excerpted from the book Understanding English (1958)，Roberts recounts the major events in the English history and discusses their implications for the development of the English language.No understanding of the English language can be very satisfactory without a notion of the history of the language. But we shall have to make do with just a notion. The history of English is long and complicated, and we can only hit the high spots.The history of our language begins a little after A.D. 600. Everything before that is pre-history, which means that we can guess at it but cannot prove much. For a thousand years or so before the birth of Christ our linguistic ancestors, the Anglo-Saxons, were wandering through the forests of northern Europe. Their language was a part of the Germanic branch of the Indo-European Family.Not much is surely known about the arrival of the Anglo-Saxons in England. We do know, however, that they were a long time securing themselves in England. Fighting went on for as long as a hundred years before the Celts in England were all killed, driven into Wales, or reduced to slavery. This is the period of King Arthur, who was not entirely mythological. He was a Romanized Celt, a general, though probably not a king. He had some success against the Anglo-Saxons, but it was only temporary. By 550 or so the Anglo-Saxons were firmly established. English was in England.It is customary to divide the history of the English language into three periods: Old English, Middle English, and Modern English. Old English runs from the earliest records—i.e., seventh century— to about 1100 ; Middle English from 1100 to 1450 or 1500; Modern English from 1500 to the present day. Sometimes Modern English is further divided into Early Modern,1500-1700, and Late Modern.1700 to the present.When England came into history, it was divided into several more or less autonomous kingdoms, some of which at times exercised a certain amount of control over the others. In the sixth century themost advanced kingdom. Northumbria, developed a respectable civilization, the finest in Europe. It was in this period that best of the Old English literature was written, including the epic poem Beowulf.In the eighth century. Northumbrian power declined, and the center of influence moved southward to Mercia, the kingdom of the Midlands. A century later the center shifted again, and Wessex the country of the West Saxons, became the leading power. The most famous king of the West Saxons was Alfred the great, whose military accomplishment was his successful opposition to the Viking invasions. In the ninth and tenth centuries, the Norsemen emerged in their ships from their homelands in Denmark and the Scandinavian Peninsula. The linguistic result of all this was a considerable injection of Norse into the English language. Norse was at this time not so different from English as Norwegian or Danish is now. Probably speakers of English could understand, more or less, the language of the newcomers who had moved into eastern England. At any rate, there was considerable interchange and word borrowing. Examples of Norse words in the English language are sky, give, law. egg, outlaw, leg. ugly, scant, sly, crawl, scowl, take, thrust. There are hundreds more. We have even borrowed some pronouns from Norse-they, their and them.These words were borrowed first by the eastern and northern dialects and then in the course of hundreds of years made their way into English generally.In grammar, Old English was much more highly inflected than modern English is. That is, there were more case endings for nouns, more person and number endings for verbs, a more complicated pronoun system, various endings for adjectives, and so on. Present-day English has only two cases for nouns- common case and possessive case. Adjectives now have no case system at all. On the other hand, we now use a more rigid word order and more structure words (prepositions, auxiliaries, and the like) to express relationships than Old English did. In vocabulary, most of the Old English words are what we may call native English: that is, words which have not been borrowed from other languages but which have been a part of English ever since English was a part of Indo-European. Old English did certainly contain borrowed words. We have seen that many borrowings were coming in from Norse. Rather large numbers had been borrowed from Latin, too. Some of these were taken while the Anglo-Saxons were still on the Continent (cheese, butter, bishop, kettle, etc.). But the greatmajority of Old English words were native English. Now, on the contrary, the majority of words in English are borrowed，and only about 14 percent are native.Sometime between the years 1000 and 1200 various important changes took place in the structure of English, and Old English became Middle English. The political event which facilitated these changes was the Norman Conquest. The Normans, as the name shows, came originally from Scandinavia. In the early tenth century they established themselves in northern France, adopted the French language, and developed a vigorous kingdom and a very passable civilization. In the year 1066, led by Duke William, they crossed the Channel and made themselves masters of England. For the next several hundred years, England was ruled by kings whose first language was French.One might wonder why, after the Norman Conquest, French did not become the national language, replacing English entirely. The reason is that the Conquest was not a national migration, as the earlier Anglo -Saxon invasion had been. Great numbers of Normans came to England, but they came as rulers and landlords. French became the language of the court, the language of the nobility, the language of polite society, the language of literature . But it did not replace English as the language of the people. There must always have been hundreds of towns and villages in which French was never heard except when visitors of high station passed through.But English, though it survived as the national language, was profoundly changed after the Norman Conquest. It is in vocabulary that the effects of the Conquest are most obvious. French ceased, after a hundred years or so, to be the native language of very many people in England, but it continued - and continues still ---to be a zealously cultivated second language, the mirror of elegance and civilization . When one spoke English, one introduced not only French ideas and French things but also their French names. This was not only easy but socially useful. To pepper one’s conversation with French expressions was to show that one was well- bred, elegant, au courant. The last sentence shows that the process is not yet dead. By using au courant instead of, say , abreast of thing the writer indicates that he is no dull clod who knows only English but an elegant person aware of how things are done in le haunt monde.Thus French words came into English, all sorts of them. These words to do with government：parliament , majesty, treaty , alliance , tax ,government ; church words：parson, sermon, baptism, incense, crucifix, religion; words for foods : veal , beef ，mutton , bacon , jelly，peach, lemon, cream, biscuit; colors : blue , scarlet , vermilion ; household words : curtain , chair , lamp , towel , blanket , parlor ; play words : dance , chess , music, leisure , conversation ; literary words : story , romance , poet, literary ; learned words : study, logic , grammar , noun , surgeon , an atomy , stomach ; just ordinary words of all sorts : nice, second ,very, age bucket, gentle , final , fault , flower , cry , count, sure , move , surprise , plain．All these and thousands more poured into the English vocabulary between 1100 and 1500 until, at the end of that time, many people must have had more French words than English at their command. This is not to say that English became French. English remained English in sound structure and in grammar, though these also felt the ripples of French influence. The very heart of the vocabulary, too, remained English. Most of the high-frequency words -- the pronouns, the preposition, the conjunctions , the auxiliaries , as well as a great many ordinary nouns and verbs and adjectives---were not replaced by borrowings.Middle English, then, was still a Germanic language, but it differed from Old English in many ways. The sound system and the grammar changed a good deal. Speakers made less use of case systems and other inflectional devices and relied more on word order and structure words to express their meanings. This is often said to be a simplification, but it is not really. Languages don ' t become simpler; they merely exchange one kind of complexity for another. Modern English is not a simple language, as any foreign speaker who tries to learn it will hasten to tell you.The period of Early Modern English --that is , the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries --was also the period of the English Renaissance，when people developed , on the one hand , a keen Interest in the past and , on the other , a more daring and imaginative view of the future. New ideas multiplied, and new ideas meant new language. Englishmen had grown accustomed to borrowing words from French as a result of the Norman Conquest; now they borrowed from Latin and Greek. As we have seen, English had been raiding Latin from Old English times and before, but now the floodgates really opened, and thousands of words from the classical languages pouredin.Pedestrian,bonus,anatomy,controdict,climax,dictionary,benefit,multiply,exist,paragraph,initiate,sc ene,inspire are random examples. Probably the average educated American today has more words from French in his vocabulary than from native English sources, and more from Latin than from French.The greatest writer of the Early Modern English period is of course Shakespeare, and the best-known book is the King James Version of the Bible, published in 1611. The Bible (if not Shakespeare) has made many features of Early Modern English perfectly familiar to many people down to the present time, even though we do not use these features in present-day speech and writing. For instance, the old pronoun thou and thee have dropped out of use now, but they are still familiar to us in prayer and in Biblical quotations, such as “Whither thou goest, I will go.”The history of English since 1700 is filled with many movements and countermovement, of which we can notice only a couple. One of these is the vigorous attempt made in the eighteenth century, and the rather half-heated attempts made since, to regulate and control the English language. Many people of the eighteenth century, not understanding very well the forces which govern language, proposed to polish and prune and restrict English, which they felt was proliferating too widely. There was much talk of an academy which would rule on what people could and could not say and write. The academy never came into being, but the eighteenth century did not succeed in establishing certain attitudes which, though they ha ven’t had much effect on the development of the language itself, have certainly changed the native speaker’s feeling about the language.In part, a product of the wish to fix and establish the language was the development of the dictionary. The first English dictionary was published in 1603; it was a list of 2500 words briefly defined. Many others were published his English Dictionary in 1755. This, steadily revised, dominated the field in England for nearly a hundred years. Meanwhile in America, Noah Webster published his dictionary in 1828, and before long dictionary publishing was a big business in this country. The last century has seen the publication of one great dictionary: the twelve-volume Oxford English Dictionary, compiled in the course of seventy-five years through the labors of many scholars. We have also, of course, numerous commercial dictionaries which are as good as the public wantsthem to be if not, indeed, rather better.Another product of the eighteenth century was the invention of “English grammar.” As English came to replace Latin as the language of scholarship, it was felt that one should also be able to control and dissect it, parse and analyze it, as one could Latin. What happened in practice was that the grammatical description that applied to Latin was removed and superimposed on English. This was silly, because English is an entirely different kind of language, with its own forms and signals and ways of producing meaning. Nevertheless, English grammars on Latin model were worked out and taught in the schools. In many schools they are still being children, but it is sometimes an interesting and instructive exercise in logic. The principal harm in it is that it has tended to keep people from being interested in English and has obscured the real features of English structure.But probably the most important force on the development of English in the modern period has been tremendous expansion of English-speaking peoples. In 1500 English was a minor language, spoken by a few people on a small island. Now it is perhaps the greatest language of the world, spoken natively by over a quarter of a billion people and as a second language by many millions more. When we speak of English now, we must specify whether we mean American English, British English, Australian English, Indian English, or what, since the differences are considerable. The American cannot go to England or the Englishman to America confident that he will always understand and be understood. It is only because communication has become fast and easy that English in this period of its expansion has not broken into a dozen mutually unintelligible languages.。

北师大版英语选择性必修二unit1作文As a student of English literature, I have always been fascinated by the works of Shakespeare. It is remarkable how his plays and poetry continue to resonate with readers worldwide. 作为一个英语文学专业的学生，我一直对莎士比亚的作品着迷。

他的剧作和诗歌如何在全世界的读者中产生共鸣，这令人惊叹。

Shakespeare's ability to capture the complexities of human emotion and relationships is unparalleled. From the tragic love story of Romeo and Juliet to the political intrigue of Macbeth, his works are timeless and relevant even in today's world. 莎士比亚捕捉人类情感和人际关系的复杂性的能力是无与伦比的。

从罗密欧与朱丽叶的悲剧爱情故事到麦克白的政治阴谋，他的作品在今天的世界仍然是不朽和有关的。

One of the things that I admire most about Shakespeare is his use of language. His command of the English language is unparalleled, and he was able to create some of the most memorable lines in literature. His words have a way of staying with the reader long after the play or poem has ended. 我最钦佩莎士比亚的一点是他对语言的运用。

高中北师大英语选修一(新版)单词表全文共10篇示例，供读者参考篇1Hello everyone! Today I want to talk about the English textbook we use in high school, which is called "North Normal University English Elective 1 (New Edition)". It's a pretty cool book that helps us learn English in a fun and interesting way.First of all, there are lots of cool stories and articles in the book that are really fun to read. They are not too long or too boring, so we don't get tired of reading them. Plus, they teach us about different cultures and traditions from around the world, which is super interesting.Secondly, there are lots of exercises and activities in the book that help us practice our English skills. There are things like grammar exercises, vocabulary quizzes, and even some creative writing prompts. It's a great way to make sure we understand the material and can use it in real-life situations.I also like that the book comes with a CD that has recordings of all the stories and articles. This way, we can listen to nativespeakers and practice our listening skills. It's really helpful, especially when we're trying to improve our pronunciation.Overall, I think "North Normal University English Elective 1 (New Edition)" is a great textbook for high school students. It's fun, engaging, and really helps us improve our English skills. I'm excited to keep using it and learn even more!篇2Okie dokie! Here we go!My School's English ClassHi everyone! Today, I want to tell you all about my awesome English class in high school. It's called "North Beijing Normal University English Elective 1" or "" for short.First of all, my English teacher is super cool! She always makes learning fun by playing games, watching videos, and even singing songs in English. We get to practice speaking, listening, reading, and writing every day. Plus, we learn about British and American culture, which is so interesting!In our textbook, we study different topics like education, technology, and the environment. We also read stories, poems, and articles to improve our reading skills. Sometimes, we havedebates or discussions about current events to practice our speaking skills.One of my favorite things about our English class is the group projects. We get to work with our classmates to create presentations, skits, or posters on different topics. It's a great way to practice teamwork and creativity!Overall, I think my English class is amazing! I have learned so much and improved my English skills a lot. I can't wait to continue learning and having fun in future classes. Thanks for reading my article about my school's English class! Bye bye!篇3Hi guys! Today, I'm going to talk about the High School North Normal University English elective course, Unit 1. It's super cool and interesting, so let's dive right in!In Unit 1, we learn all about the history of the English language. Did you know that English has been around for over 1,500 years? Crazy, right? We also learn about how English has changed over time, and how it's been influenced by other languages like Latin and French.One of the coolest parts of Unit 1 is learning about Old English and Middle English. It's so fun to see how words have changed and evolved over the centuries. We also learn about the different dialects of English, like American English and British English. It's really cool to see how English can be spoken in so many different ways!Another fun part of Unit 1 is learning about the different writing systems of English. We learn how English used to be written in runes, and how it eventually evolved into the alphabet we use today. It's so interesting to see how writing has changed over time.Overall, Unit 1 of the High School North Normal University English elective course is super fun and informative. I can't wait to learn more about the history of the English language in the next unit! Thanks for reading, guys!篇4Once upon a time, there was a group of high school students who took the elective course of English at Beijing Normal University. The course was called "English Elective One" and it was a really cool class.In this class, the students learned all about English literature, grammar, and writing. They read famous works by Shakespeare, Dickens, and other amazing authors. They also learned how to write essays, stories, and even poems in English.One day, their teacher gave them a special assignment –they had to write a reflection on what they had learned in the course so far. The students were excited to share their thoughts and experiences.One student, named Lily, wrote about how she had improved her English skills by reading so many great books. Another student, named Jack, talked about how he had learned to analyze and interpret literature in a whole new way. And then there was Sarah, who shared how writing essays had helped her to organize her thoughts and express herself more clearly.All of the students were amazed at how much they had learned and grown in the course. They were grateful for their teacher and the opportunity to study English in such a fun and engaging way.In the end, they all agreed that "English Elective One" was the best class they had ever taken. And they couldn't wait to continue their English studies in the future.篇5Okie dokie! Here we go:My English Book ReportHey guys! Today I'm gonna tell you all about my super cool book report on the high school textbook "North China Normal University English Elective Course One." Woohoo!First of all, this book is like, really awesome 'cause it helps us learn all kinds of cool stuff about English. We get to dive into different topics, like literature, culture, and even practical skills. It's like a treasure trove of knowledge, y'all!One of the things I love most about this book is the way it makes learning English so fun and easy. The stories and articles are super interesting, and they help us improve our reading and comprehension skills without even realizing it. Plus, there are lots of cool activities and exercises to help us practice what we've learned. It's like learning English while having a blast!Another thing I really dig about this book is that it helps us understand English in a real-world context. We get to learn about different cultures and traditions, and how English is usedin everyday life. It's like taking a trip around the world without even leaving the classroom!Overall, I totally recommend this book to all my friends. It's fun, engaging, and super helpful for anyone learning English. So grab a copy and get ready to dive into the awesome world of "North China Normal University English Elective Course One." Happy reading, y'all!篇6Hey guys! Today, I want to talk to you about the book list for High School Beijing Normal University English Elective Course One (New Edition). It's super important to know what books you need to read for this course so you can be prepared and do well in class.First up, we have "Jane Eyre" by Charlotte Bronte. This is a classic novel that tells the story of a young orphan girl who faces many challenges in her life. It's a really interesting read and you'll learn a lot about love, loyalty, and independence.Next, we have "To Kill a Mockingbird" by Harper Lee. This book is all about racism and injustice in the American South. It's a powerful story that will make you think about the importance of standing up for what is right, even when it's hard.Another book on the list is "The Great Gatsby" by F. Scott Fitzgerald. This novel is set in the 1920s and follows the lives of wealthy socialites in New York. It's a captivating read that explores themes of love, wealth, and the American Dream.Lastly, we have "Brave New World" by Aldous Huxley. This book is a dystopian novel that imagines a future society where people are controlled and oppressed. It's a thought-provoking read that will make you reflect on the dangers of power and conformity.So there you have it, the book list for High School Beijing Normal University English Elective Course One (New Edition). Make sure to read these books carefully and take notes so you can participate in class discussions and do well on your assignments. Happy reading!篇7Hey guys, have you ever wondered what you're gonna learn in North Normal University High School's English elective course? Well, sit tight because I'm about to give you the lowdown on all the cool stuff you'll be studying!In North Normal University High School, the English elective course is all about exploring different aspects of the Englishlanguage and literature. From learning about the history of the English language to analyzing famous English literature works, you'll be diving deep into the world of English.One of the exciting things you'll be studying is the evolution of the English language. You'll get to learn how English has changed over the centuries and how it has become the global language it is today. You'll also study different dialects and accents to understand the diversity of the English language.In addition to studying language, you'll also be reading and analyzing famous English literature works. From Shakespearean plays to modern novels, you'll be exploring different genres and styles of writing. You'll learn how to analyze characters, themes, and literary devices to better understand the meaning behind the text.Overall, the English elective course at North Normal University High School is a fantastic opportunity to expand your knowledge of the English language and literature. So get ready to dive into the world of English and discover all the amazing things it has to offer!篇8Hello everyone, today I'm gonna talk about the North Normal University High School English Elective Course One. It's like a super cool class where we learn all about English in a fun way!First of all, we learn a lot of new words and phrases in this class. We have this book called the textbook which has so many interesting stories and articles in it. We get to read them and learn new vocab words. Sometimes our teacher even makes us play games to help us remember the words better.Next, we talk a lot in this class. Our teacher always asks us questions and we have to answer them in English. It's kinda scary at first, but then you get used to it and it's not so bad. We also do group discussions where we talk with our friends about different topics. It's really fun to hear what everyone thinks about stuff.We also do a lot of writing in this class. We have to write essays and reports on different topics. It's kinda hard sometimes, but our teacher helps us a lot. She teaches us how to organize our ideas and put them into words.Overall, I really like the North Normal University High School English Elective Course One. It's a fun and interactive way to learn English. I've learned so much already and I can't wait to learn even more in the future!篇9Sure! Here is a sample article in a more casual and child-like tone for the High School Beijing Normal University English elective course:Hi everyone! Today I want to talk about my English textbook for High School Beijing Normal University. It's called "English Elective One (New Edition)" and it's super cool!First of all, the book is filled with fun stories and interesting articles. There are so many cool characters and adventures to read about. It's like going on a journey through the English language!Secondly, there are lots of activities and exercises in the book. They help me practice my English skills and learn new words and grammar rules. It's like a fun puzzle that I get to solve!And guess what? There are also audio files that I can listen to while reading. It helps me improve my listening skills and get used to different accents. It's like having a mini English lesson on my phone!I love using this textbook because it's not boring like some other textbooks. It makes learning English fun and exciting. I feel more confident in my English skills thanks to this book.Overall, I would highly recommend "English Elective One (New Edition)" to any high school student who wants to improve their English. It's a great way to learn and have fun at the same time. Give it a try and see for yourself!篇10Hey guys, today I wanna talk about our English textbook in high school, "North Normal University English Elective 1 (New Edition)". It's a pretty cool book that we use to learn English in class. It's got a bunch of interesting stories, articles, and grammar rules to help us improve our English skills.One of the things I like about this book is the stories. They're really fun to read and they help us learn new vocabulary and grammar. There are stories about different cultures, famous people, and even some funny jokes. I always look forward to reading them in class.Another thing I like about the book is the grammar exercises. They are super helpful in teaching us how to use different tenses, verbs, and adjectives correctly. Sometimes they can be a bittricky, but with the help of our teacher, we always manage to figure them out.Overall, I think this textbook is a great resource for us to improve our English skills. It's easy to understand and it makes learning English fun. I'm really grateful that we have such a good textbook to help us in our English classes.So yeah, that's my thoughts on the "North Normal University English Elective 1 (New Edition)" textbook. I hope you guys find it helpful too!。

LiteratureScript:Wondering how a writer creates a story that holds your curiosity throughout play or drama? Well, fiction is one of the types of literature that includes novels, prose, poems, short stories and dramas. Fiction is defined as a narrative that is based on imagination. A complete work involves how an author organizes his ideas, the points he covers. Has he used any techniques such as foreshadowing method (e.g. Shakespearean dramas like Hamlet, King Lear, Othello) to keep the interest of the reader or audience throughout the play? How does the poetic deviation method make Wordsworth's poem a melody? Yes, there are lots of factors that help decide the flow of the whole story. These factors are specific methods used in literary language. A successful fiction story may make a reader feel strongly identified with one of its interesting characters even in real life, too. Let's respond to the above questions with the help of the elements of fiction...Elements of FictionPlotThe story revolves around the plot. A plot contains incidents composed of many parts. The sequence begins with an exposition (background), blooms in the conflict (rising actions, between two forces, protagonist or antagonist), climax (peak of the story in the middle) and resolution (victory, defeat, sad ending or happy ending). Plato's concept of plot is based on place, time and manner.SettingThe actual place where the story takes place is the setting. Basically, the setting depends on the theme and choice of the places as the author's story may require such as a house, jungle, palace, or workplace. It can be different places according to the sequence of events in the plot.ThemeWhat the author wants to convey is the central idea of the story and is known as the “'theme”. Sometimes, the theme may be more than one. The main theme supports the subject and the moral of the narrative, which the reader indirectly comes across in a play. Love, revenge, historic, political, picturesque and allegory are some of the themes used in romantic poem such as Robert Burns' –“My Love is Like a Red, Red Rose” - has love as a theme.CharacterWriter presents his characters in two ways. Direct presentation follows in theatrical plays. Second way is an indirect presentation where the character's words, actions and feelings are shown in indirect way with the support of imagery and soliloquy. A narrative fiction will generally have round, flat, dynamic and static characters.Sometimes there are two opposite characters, such as protagonist and antagonist. Point of ViewThe story presents the point of view of the narrator. Who is the narrator of the story? Is it writer himself or the character introduces others in the story? The point of view can be presented in different forms:First-person point of view: I, me, we - like the author or a character within the story. Second-person point of view: You - that includes readers. This form is rarely used. Third-person point of view: He, she, it or imaginary (or omniscient figures, god-like persons, fairytale creatures.)There are some more types found that are objective, subjective and multiple-person narrative mode point of view.Language DictionLanguage diction refers to the choice of wording used by the author. Every culture, all over the world, has its own literature. An author can use simple, ornamental, foregrounding, rustic language, figures of speech or amalgams of various languages in the narrative. In poetry, rhyme, rhythm, tone (rising and falling), deviation and exaggeration methods are followed to form it into a melodic stanza.Audience or ReadersThe passive listener/audience (in a drama) or readers (in a novel, poem or short story) are important factors in a narration, as the entire story unfolds. The true success of an author's work can be considered the attention or influence or impact it leaves on a reader. In the same way, active participation of the audience indicates the success of author's play.Text B British Literature is GreatScript:Poets, playwrights and novelists, Britain is famous for its literary talent. From Chaucer’s Tales to J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter… so much of the world’s greatest literature has come from Britain.And the greatest British writer of them all is the Bard himself: William Shakespeare, and this is Shakespeare’s Globe in London, on the banks of the River Thames. William Shakespeare wrote some of the most famous plays in the world. Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet and Macbeth are among his best-known works. Many of his plays were performed at the original Globe Theatre, a short distance from here. It burnt down in 1613, during a performance of Henry VIII.Shakespeare’s Globe opened to the public fifteen years ago. It’s an idea or “best guess”at what the Globe might have looked like. It’s a theatre, exhibition space and place of international education. It aims to bring an appreciation of Shakespeare to awider audience.Dominic Dromgoole is the Globe's artistic director.Richard: Dominic, tell me about the Globe.Dominic: The Globe is a recreation of Shakespeare's theatre which was originally built in 1599 by Shakespeare's own company to house his own work and the work of many other playwrights. It's an extraordinary theatre. It has no roof, as you can see, which makes it extraordinary within itself. It has a curved auditorium and a beautiful frons scenae, and it's probably one of the most exciting theatres to watch a play in or to act in in the world.Richard: So what happens here?Dominic: We do about 300 performances every year, about 1,500 people attend every performance. We do a variety of plays by Shakespeare, by other contemporaries of Shakespeare, by... new plays as well, and an extraordinary audience comes from all over the world.Richard: Do you think Shakespeare is still relevant today?Dominic: More than ever. Shakespeare speaks to us about our own personal feelings, about love, about grief, about jealousy, about joy, about bereavement, about any of a huge number of things. I can hardly think of a contemporary writer who is as relevant as Shakespeare is.Do you know what? I’ve got a real feeling of what a theatre would have been like hundreds of years ago. It’s inspirational…“To be or not to be? That's the question”, isn't it?The British landscape has had a huge influence on generations of writers and has inspired them to produce some of their greatest works.The beauty of the Dorset countryside shines through Thomas Hardy's novels, and Wordsworth's poetry is clearly affected by his love of the Lake District.The landscape of the city has also influenced authors. The plight of the urban poor inspired one the giants of English literature, Charles Dickens.Charles Dickens was a great British novelist. He lived here, at 48 Doughty Street in London, and his old home has now been turned into a museum. I’m going to step back in time to see how Dickens might have lived.The Charles Dickens Museum has over 100,000 rare books, works of art and many personal items owned by Dickens himself. Some of his best-loved works, like Oliver Twist and Nicholas Nickleby, were written here. Dickens was popular in his day, but his work has never gone out of print.Julia Ziemer works at the museum.Richard: Julia, tell me about the museum.Julia: So, the museum is based at 48 Doughty Street in London. It's where Dickens lived for 2 years with his young family and where he wrote Oliver Twist, The Pickwick Papers and Nicholas Nickleby.Richard: What are your most important pieces?Julia: We have original manuscript material from Oliver Twist and Nicholas Nickleby. We have the desk that Dickens wrote on for his final novel and the painting by R.W. Buss called Dickens's Dream.Richard: Dickens led a very hard life. Do you think that influenced his writing? Julia: Absolutely. Dickens was sent to work in a factory when he was just 10 years old, and that experience stayed with him for the rest of his life. If you look at his novels, lots of characters are young children working in horrible conditions. Richard: Why was he such an important figure?Julia: Dickens was a unique writer in his time in that he was very popular with the working classes but also respected by the literature community and read by the higher classes.Richard: He was born 200 years ago. Do you think he's still relevant today?Julia: Definitely. 200 years on, the things that Dickens was writing about - social inequality, poverty - are still very relevant today.This is the last desk that Dickens ever wrote at and I can’t wait to have a read of these. Dickens’ work seems to be able to cross the centuries, but he’s not alone. Other British novelists from the past are still popular today.Part IV HomeworkSection A Listening Task.Exercise: Spot DictationDirection: Listen to the passage about John Steinbeck and fill in the blanks with what you hear.John Steinbeck was born in Salinas, California, in 1902. His parents were active in the community and encouraged his love of reading and writing. During the summertime, the young Steinbeck worked on nearby ranches as a hired hand, giving him a (1) deep appreciation for the countryside of California and the people who lived there.After his graduation from high school, Steinbeck attended Stanford University, where he started out as an English major. He then began to pursue (2) independent study programs, and attended school sporadically while working a variety of different jobs. Steinbeck permanently left Stanford in 1925 with the idea of pursuing (3)his formal writing career in New York City. However, he was unable to get anything published, so he returned to California, where he published his first novel, titled A Cup of Gold.Although his first book attracted very little attention from (4) critics and the public, but Steinbeck continued his pursuit, publishing two more novels, To a God Unknown and The Pastures of Heaven. Both of these books were also (5) received poorly by the world of literature, but undaunted, Steinbeck continued writing. He married Carol Henning, his first wife, in 1930 and they made their home in Pacific Grove. It was there that Steinbeck gathered much of the material he used in writing Tortilla Flat and Cannery Row. Both of these books (6) marked aturning point in the career of Steinbeck, with Tortilla Flat receiving the California Commonwealth Club’s Gold Medal honoring the best novel by an author in California. With his (7) long-awaited recognition as encouragement, Steinbeck wrote his seminal The Grapes of Wrath, for which he won the Pulitzer Prize. He continued to write prolifically, and in 1962 he was awarded the (8) Nobel Prize for Literature.Today, 17 miles from Monterey, a (9) scenic drive will take you to the John Steinbeck Center, located in the heart of Steinbeck’s stomping grounds in historic old town Salinas. The Center provides visitors with three experiences in history and literature, (10) art and agriculture, and special events and (11) educational programs. The John Steinbeck Exhibition Hall offers visitors an assortment of multisensory (12) interactive exhibits for all ages. The hall also contains rare artifacts as well as seven theaters showcasing some of Steinbeck’s most noted works, including East of Eden, Of Mice and Men, Cannery Row, and The Grapes of Wrath.The Rabobank Agriculture Museum gives visitors the chance to explore the tales of the Salinas Valley, which has long been considered (13) "the Salad Bowl of the World." This permanent exhibit (14) pays homage to the people, history, and technology of the agricultural industry developed through decades of farming on California’s Central Coast. (15) Multiple gallery areas offer changing art works and cultural exhibits, supporting the ideas Steinbeck wrote about. His works routinely focused on championing the disenfranchised and forgotten people of small farming communities, while affirming the (16) underlying strength of the human spirit.。

人教版英语高中必修一Unit 1单词及课文录音翻译，英汉对照内容全1Unit One单词录音翻译Unit One 词汇1. teenage / ˈti:neɪdʒ/ adj.十几岁的（指13至19岁）;青少年的2. teenager / ˈti:neɪdʒə(r)/ n.（13至19岁之间的）青少年3. ballet /ˈbæleɪ/ n.芭蕾舞；芭蕾舞剧4. volunteer /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)/ n.志愿者5. debate /dɪ‘beɪt/n．辩论；争 vt．& vi辩论；争论6. prefer / prɪˈfɜ:(r)/ vt.更喜欢prefer…to…喜欢……多于……7. content / ‘kɒntent / n.内容; [pl]目录;（书、讲话、节目等的）主题8. movement / ˈmu:vmənt / n.动作；运动;活动9. greenhouse / ˈgri:nhaʊs/ n.温室；暖房10. clean up打扫（或清除）干净11. suitable /ˈsu:təbl/ adj.适合的；适用的suitablefor对……适合的12. actually / ˈæktʃuəli/ adv.事实上;的确13. challenge /ˈtʃæləndʒ/n.挑战；艰巨任务vt.怀疑；向……挑战14. title /ˈtaɪtl/ n.（书、诗歌等的）名称；标题；职称；头衔15. topic / ˈtɒpɪk/ n.话题;标题16. freshman / ˈfreʃmən / n.（especially NAmE）（中学）九年级学生；（大学）一年级新生17. confuse /kən’fju:z/ vt.使糊涂；使迷惑18.confusing /kənˈfju:zɪŋ/ adj.难以理解的；不清楚的19.confused /kənˈfju:zd/ adj.人感到糊涂的；迷惑的20. fluent/’flu:ənt/ adj.（尤指外语）流利的；熟练的21. graduate/’ɡrædʒʊeɪt/ vi. &vt．毕业；获得学位/’ɡrædʒʊət/ n.毕业生22. recommend /ˌrekəˈmend/ vt.建议；推荐；介绍23. sign up ( for sth)报名（参加课程）24. advanced / ədˈvɑ:nst/ adj.高级的；高等的；先进的25. advance / ədˈvɑ:ns /n.前进；发展vi.前进；发展vt.发展；促进26. literature / ˈlɪtrətʃə(r)/ n.文学;文学作品27. extra-curricular / ‘ekstrəkə’rɪkjələ(r)/adj.课外的;课程以外的28. extra /’ekstrə/ adj.额外的；附加的29. obviously / ˈɒbviəsli/ adv.显然地；明显地30. quit / kwɪt/ vi. &vt.（quit，quit，quitting）停止；戒掉；离开（工作职位、学校等）31. improve /ɪm’pru:v/ vi. &vt.改进；改善32. responsible /rɪˈspɒnsəbl/adj.负责的；有责任的be responsible for对……负责任33.responsibility /rɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪləti/ n.责任；义务34. solution / səˈlu:ʃn/ n.解决办法;答案35. schedule /ˈʃedju:l；NAmE ˈskedʒul /n.工作计划；日程安排vt.安排；预定36. editor /ˈedɪtə(r)/ n.主编；编辑；编者37. plate /pleɪt/ n.盘子，碟子38. adventure /ədˈventʃə(r)/ n.冒险;奇遇39. expert /’ekspɜːt/n.专家；行家adj.熟练的；内行的；专家的40. youth /ju:θ/ n.青年时期;青春41. behaviour /bɪˈheɪvjə(r)/ n.行为;举止42. generation /ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃn/ n.一代（人）43. attract /ə’trækt/ vt.吸引；引起……的注意（或兴趣）beattracted to喜爱44. focus / ˈfəʊkəs /vi. &vt.集中（精力、注意力等）；（使）调节焦距n.中心；重点；焦点45.addicted /əˈdɪktɪd/ adj.有瘾的；上瘾的；入迷的addictedto对……很入迷46.addict /ˈædɪkt/ n.对…入迷的人；吸毒成瘾的人47. adult /ˈædʌlt/ n.成年人 adj. 成年的；成熟的48. Chicago / ʃɪ’kɑ:gəʊ/ n.芝加哥（美国城市名）49. Seoul /səʊl/ n.首尔（韩国首都）2课文录音翻译Unit OneTHE FRESHMAN CHALLENGE新生的挑战原文，录音及翻译Reading and Thinking 录音Hi! My name is Adam and I’m a freshman at senior high school. Going from junior high school to senior high school is a really big challenge.The first week was a little confusing. 嗨！我叫亚当，是高中一年级的新生。

牛津高中英语模块一,电子课本篇一：牛津高中英语模块一unit1-school life电子版篇二：译林牛津高中英语模块一Unit_1_教材答案译林牛津高中英语模块一Unit 1 教材答案Language practicePart A1 (Page 86)1 enjoyable3 challenging 5 fun 7 exciting2 experience 4 e-mail6 satisfaction 8 encouragementPart A2 (Page 86)1 with 3 like5 on7 at2 to at4 to6 for about 8 on onPart B1 (Page 87)1 making preparations for2 inform…of3 such as4 are required to5 in charge of6 make good use of7 looked back on 8 much more thanPart B2 (Page 87)1 a 他被认为是美国最优秀的电视节目主持人之一。

b 我们很高兴地得知他已应邀下个月来我们城市主持一场晚会。

2 a 我们要等上几天，等待学校批准我们今年春季在校园里多植树的计划。

b 布朗夫人不赞成在公共场所吸烟。

3 a 我看不懂这机器的使用说明。

你能给我演示一下如何操作这台机器吗?b 每天有三个班次的公共汽车开往城里，因此你可以乘公共汽车去那儿。

c 孩子们在雪地里奔跑和玩耍着。

4 a 他向我收取了100元修电脑的费用。

b 你可以向她询问更多细节，因为她是这个项目的负责人。

Part C1 (Page 88)2 4 5 6 7 9Part C2 (Page 88)1 This is the school where/in which I studied five years ago·2 In this school there are about 30 foreign students who/that have come to study Chinese．3 These students whose parents have come to China for business like the school very much.4 The teaching building that/which was put up last year looks nice.5 The man who is standing in front of the school library is the headmaster.6 Next to him stands a girl whose name is Tina.7 Tina is the student who won a prize in the writing competition.8 Tina likes reading the novels which/that were written by Charles Dickens·9 Tina is the host of the school’s radio club that/which was started two years ago．10 Students like the school news(that/which)the radio club broadcasts．Part D1 (Page 89)1 exciting 3 achieving5 selected7 attend2 prepare 4 clubs 6 Literature 8 experiencePart D2 (Page 89)1 I think the best way to protect the environment is to plant more trees．2 Going to the park for a picnic at the weekend sounds like a good idea．3 When I look back on my childhood，I still think of itas the happiest time in my life．4 The girl who used to be a model is now a famous actress．5 Talk to her more，and you will find that she isn’t as bad as you thought she was．6 As it was getting dark，I decided to find a place to stay．7 Students who make good use of their time usually achieve high scores．8 Though it is difficult to improve your cooking skills in such a short time，you should still keeppractising．ReadingPart A (Page 90)1 It will help them feel like part of a group and also it will make the school’s sports teams feelencouraged．2 To gain knowledge．3 Because they are comfortable and do not need special care．4 He thinks that they look very boring．5 No．He thinks that students could wear theirfavourite clothes at home or at the weekendPart B (Page 91)1 Yes，they do．2 Because she can help students choose a good college，and she is good at helping nervousstudents relax．3 Because students do not study the same subjects．4 They might go to school early because they want to use the Internet service，and they mightstay late because of after—school activities．5 Yes，she does．Because after-school activities are great fun and they might also help her getinto a good college．ListeningParts A and B (Page 92)I:1 fifteen2 English Maths 3 basketballDad：1 letters2 practice book 3 computerAustralian students：1 Maths Science 2 friendly tallPart C (Page 92)1 English 3 practice book 5 tall2 Maths4 basketball6 letters 7 friendly 8computerWritingPart B (Page 93)Dear MickeyI came to see you but you happened to be out．I'd like to invite you to visit me at my school whenyou have time．Here’s how to get to my dormitory．When you get to the school gate，you’ll see the playground in front of you with the gym on the left and three classroom buildings on the right．Go towards the gym．Then，walk along the roadbetween the playground and the gym．Go straight，past the library and the teachers office，untilyou reach a small river．Take a right turn to get to the bridge．After you cross the bridge，you’ll seethree buildings ahead．The one in the middle iS our canteen．The two buildings on either side ofthe canteen are the dormitories．The one on the left is Dorm 1．That’s where I live．See you soonAndyReadingA 1 She thought it was a very enjoyable and exciting experience.2 English, History, English Literature, Computer Science, Maths, Science, PE, Art, Cookingand French.3 ManchesterC1 1 F 2 T 3 T 4 F 5 F 6 FC2 1 They should devote themselves to study.2 Because there were different students in some classes.3 Because all the homework was in English.4 The teachers gave her much encouragement.5 She used English every day and spent an hour each day reading English books in thelibrray.6 They like to eat dessert at the end of dinner.D1 d 2 g 3 a 4 e 5 b 6 c7 fE (1) experienced(2) fond(3) Literature(4) dessert(5) struggle (6) respect (7) encouragementWord powerB If you are standing at the door of the dormitories, first turn right and go past the medicalcentre and the gym. Then turn right and walk past the Science Laboratory. Then turn left, andClassroom 4 is on your right.C (1) car park (2) classrooms (3) library (4) labs(5) gym(6) swimming pool(7) dormitories (8) medical centre(9) canteenDGrammar and usageParagraph 1 most helpful students; the relative pronoun, that, used as the object in the clause)In 2004, he went to Oxford University (Theantecedent: Oxford University; the relative adverb: where, used as the adverbial in the clause.Paragraph 2Nanjing. (The antecedent: some of the cities; the relative pronoun: which, used as the object in the clause)Most of the students have become his friends. (The antecedent: most of thestudents; the relative pronoun: whom, used as the object in the clause)Paragraph 3 antecedent: gifts; the relative pronoun:that, used as the object in the clause)The painting are being shown in the exhibition room. (Theantecedent: the paintings; the relative pronoun; that, used as the object in the clause)Answers(1) who(2) which(3) who (4) whom/who(5) which(6) which(7) whose(8) whom/whoB 2 who/that are from different countries3 that/which I like best4 who/that teaches us English5 that/which are very interesting6 whose name is Sally/who is called Sally7 that/which is quiet and comfortableTask:Answers:1 A2 B3 A4 C5 CAnswers:(1) 3 p.m. (2) Scientist(3) Room 306, Building 4(4) Famous football players (5) 25 Oct (6) FriAnswers:The rise of the Dynasties, written by Prof Gu Yahui本文由52求学网论坛微光整理篇三：牛津高中英语模块1课文翻译牛津高中英语模块1课文翻译M1 U1 Reading School life in the UK 在英国的学校生活Going to a British high school for one year was a very enjoyable and exciting experience for me. 在英国上了一年的中学对我来说是一段非常令人愉快和兴奋的经历。