For this part

Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Is It Appropriate for College Students to Rent Apartments Outside Campus? You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below:1. 简单说明目前大学生在外租房情况2. 对这种情况进行利弊分析3. 根据利弊分析得出结论，表明观点Part ⅡReading Comprehension (15 minutes)Directions:In this part,you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-4,markY(for YES)if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N(for NO)if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG(for NOT GIVEN)if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 5-10,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Reading for LifeToday is the first day of the rest of your life. How can reading fill it to overflowing with adventure, richness, and fullness?Your Pleasure-giving SkillSkills are skills. Pleasures are pleasures. But some skills are lasting pleasures. Such is reading. Listen to Hazilitt-"The greatest pleasure in life is that of reading." Or Macauly- "I would rather be a poor man in a garret with plenty of books than a king who did not love reading." To them and countless others all over the world, reading is a source of the deepest and fullest enjoyment. That's true from early school days to days of leisure and retirement.Your Fountain of YouthReading is more than that. It can be your fountain of youth. Virginia Woolf said, "The true reader is essentially young." One of your major problems is how to stay alive as long as you live. Some die at 30 but are not buried until they're 70. With some, youth slips away before being properly savored. Reading provides a spring of living water, refreshing and life-giving. Stay young for life with reading.Your Dream-fulfillment AidPart of youth lies in dreaming-dreaming impossible dreams that you can sometimes make possible. Robert F. Kennedy said this,"Some men see things as they are and say ‘Why?' I dream things that never were and say ‘Why not?'" Certain books push the boundaries of the human mind out beyond belief. After all, a little bit of greatness hides in everyone. Let books bring it into full bloom.Your Know-thyself AidWhat's your most important quest? Finding yourself. Finding your own identity. The Greeks epitomized that problem in two words: Know thyself. Well, articles and books help in that all important search. They supply assurance of the power and worth of your own life, a measure of your possibilities.To see yourself in proper perspective, you need detailed picture of real people in real situations. We need to see three-dimensional characters, with all the typical human fears and limitations. Then, and only then, can you begin to see and know yourself as you should.Your Vocational Counselor and ConsultantWhat about practical questions, such as those about your vocation? Will reading help you decide more intelligently what to do, how to prepare yourself and how to succeed on the job?To answer the first question, you have to know your own talents, abilities, and interests well.You must also, however, know the opportunities in the world around you. Some Bureau of Labor Statistics, for example, predicted a surplus of approximately two million school teachers. Still another source indicated that right now "the health fields are the only fields in which we have shortages." Balance such information with self-knowledge and you have some of the ingredients needed to make intelligent, perceptive choices.Second, you've decided on a career. How and where do you get the required preparation? Again, turn to reading. You'll probably find a listing of school programs to choose from. You may even find them rated. If so, you'll know exactly where to go for the best possible preparation.Third, don't stop yet. You've selected a career and trained yourself. Learn on reading now to help you succeed on the job. A variety of magazines and books will provide guidance and help.But that's not all. The day of only one lifetime career may be almost over. All too often, change throws hundreds out of work. Change hits the aircraft industry, for example. Result? Hundreds of well-qualified engineers suddenly out on the street.If you manage things well, keeping a close eye on changing conditions. You can avoid the pain of waking up to find yourself out of a job. Through reading develop some new skills and interests. Then if conditions change, you can slip with comparative ease from one field into another, hardly breaking stride.Most of the things taught in school-typing, shorthand, key punching, language, farming, business management-are readily available in interesting self-help articles and books. Let them smooth your path in any new direction you decide to take.Your Experience ExtenderWhat's the best teacher? Experience, of course! It's priceless. It comes from what you yourself have seen, heard, tasted, smelled, and felt - what you yourself have lived through.Take a closer look. Look at our limitations. No wonder experience is so precious. We can't begin to get enough of it. We can't even experience again what we just lived through. We're not born with instant replay. We can't actually relive any moment. And, obviously, we're limited to one lifetime.Space and time! How they limit us. Who has a time machine to carry him back into history? No one. It's the same with space. We can't literally be in two places at the same time. Right now you can't be sitting where you are and at the same time be strolling down the famed Champs Elysees in Paris.Here's where reading fits. It can bring us almost unlimited additional experience. To be sure, it's secondhand experience. But it's often so vivid that it seems firsthand, just as if we're living through it ourselves, being moved to tears, laughter, or suspense. That rich range of experience provides the ideal supplement to our own limited experience. In this way, reading becomes one of our most profound mind-shaping activities.Furthermore, all this experience is available when we want it. Books never impose on us. When we want them, we reach out and pull them off the shelf or table. At our convenience we invite them to share their unbelievable wealth with us.Carlyle sums this all up nicely,"All that mankind has done, thought, gained, or been; it islying as in magic preservation in the pages of books." Help yourself! Make reading your experience-extender for the rest of your life.1. According to the passage, reading is the lasting pleasure.2. Reading provides all the people in the world with a source of deepest and fullest enjoyment.3. Reading is a fountain of youth in that one can always learn something new from books and never cease to be young in spirit.4. The passage explains how books help fulfill your long-cherished dreams.5. To find your own identity simply means6. To make an intelligent decision on what to do, you should have an adequate knowledge of your own .7. According to the author, reading is even after you have selected a career and trained yourself.8. You should develop some new skills and interests with the help of books in order to prepare for .9. Though our experience is limited by , reading can bring us unlimited additional secondhand experience.10. Carlyle calls on people to make reading their for the rest of their life.Part ⅢListening Comprehension（35 minutes）Section ADirections: In this section,you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations.At the end of each conversation,one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After each question there will be a pause. During the pause,you must read the four choices marked A),B),C)and D),and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11. A) He feels very excited. B) He feels very happy.C) He feels very angry. D) He feels very sorry.12. A) Reading newspaper. B) Watching television.C) Discussing a sports program. D) Listening to the music.13. A) At a railway station. B) At an airport.C) On an airplane. D) At a bus stop.14. A) To go to study. B) To play computer games.C) To ask for his father's permission. D) To be quiet and not to disturb his father.15. A) A film. B) A book. C) A fencing match. D) A popular singer.16. A) The woman is satisfied with the man's apologies.B) The woman forgives the man's negligence.C) The woman is not at all pleased with the man's apologies.D) The woman doesn't need the man's apologies.17. A) The students will take an English exam tomorrow morning.B) The students will attend a meeting.C) The teacher postponed the meeting.D) There won't be an exam this afternoon.18. A) The man doesn't want to pay for the room.B) The man likes smoking.C) The man wants to have a non-smoking room.D) There's no more room in the hotel.Conversation One19. A) A giant ocean wave. B) A kind of food.C) A bus. D) A Japanese person.20. A) There will be an eastward ocean current.B) There will be a westward ocean current.C) They would be swallowed up by the ocean waves.D) They would be able to eat fish.21. A) Cool. B) Calm. C) Dangerous. D) Frightening.22. A) An earthquake. B) A volcano.C) A landside. D) A warm current.Conversation Two23. A) He never took illegal commissions.B) He sold the company's products at higher prices.C) He sold more of the company's products than other salespeople.D) He is getting along well with his colleagues.24. A) He knows more customers than any other employees.B) Only he knows how to get a certain large contract.C) He used to be a manager of a large company.D) A relative of his is the manager of a large company.25. A) She mistook the man for Carl Smith.B) She raised the man's pay by mistake.C) She praised the wrong person.D) She almost fired the wrong person.Section BDirections:In this section,you will hear 3 short passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear some questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) The Federal agencies. B) The religious groups.C) The state and local governments. D) The school board of trustees.27. A) 12. B) 16. C) 18. D) 20.28. A) Most of them are operated by religious groups.B) Most of them do not receive government money.C) They must be approved by the local government.D) They can be found in all states and territories.29. A) One million. B) Four million.C) Six million. D) Forty-six million.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. A) Aggressive behaviour exhibited by birds and mammals.B) The control of the larger animals over the small ones.C) A geographical area that an animal claims dominance.D) A place with a centre and extending over its outer limits.31. A) The larger dog has left the territory.B) The larger dog has calmed down.C) He realizes that the larger dog is stronger.D) He is not supposed to exceed the limits.32. A) They grow larger and stronger.B) They exhibit greater stress and anxiety.C) They begin to establish their own territories.D) They exert dominance over others' territories.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. A) More than 500. B) More than 250.C) 193. D) One-third of Chinese cities.34. A) Making reasonable development plans.B) Building effective operated infrastructure.C) Continuing the improvement of the city environment.D) Treating industrial waste.35. A) More and more cities appear.B) There are increasing complaints about environmental problems.C) More and more people pour into cities.D) One-third of industrial sewage in the cities went untreated.Section CDirections:In this section,you will hear a passage three times.When the passage is read for the first time,you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for the second time,you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard.For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information.For these blanks,you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words.Finally,when the passage is read for the third time,you should check what you have written.Over a century after it ended, the Civil War remains the (36) turning point in American history. It produced a loss of life (37) in the American experience. The 620,000 combatants who (38) in the conflict nearly outnumber those who died in all other American wars (39) .The conflict also (40) affected the future course of national development. In the physical (41) it brought to the South, the economic changes it produced throughout the nation, the new technologies it (42) , and the new ideas it spawned, the war (43) the lives of several generations of Americans.Slavery lay at the root of the crisis that produced the Civil War. During the first half of the nineteenth century, (44) . As the South united in defense of a way of life based on slavery, the North increasingly celebrated the superiority of free labor.(45)The North went to war to preserve the Union after eleven Southern states seceded in 1860and 1861. In time, the conflict became a struggle to destroy slavery and emancipate African Americans in bondage.(46) .Yet the war left it to the future generations to confront the legacies of slavery and to embark on the still unfinished struggle for racial justice.Part ⅣReading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)(25 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements.Read the passage carefully.Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words on Answer Sheet 2.Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage.For most people, shopping is still a matter of wandering down the high street or loading a cart in a shopping mall. Soon, that will change. Electronic commerce is growing fast and will soon bring people more choice. There will, however, be a cost:Protecting the consumer from fraud will be harder. Many governments therefore want to extend highstreet regulations to the electronic world. But politicians would be wiser to see cyberspace as a basis for a new era of corporate self-regulation.Consumers in rich countries have grown used to the idea that the government takes responsibility for everything from the stability of the banks to the safety of the drugs, or their rights to refund(退款) when goods are faulty. But governments cannot enforce national laws on businesses whose only presence in their country is on the screen. Other countries have regulators, but the rules of consumer protection differ, as does enforcement. Even where a clear right to compensation exists, the online catalogue customer in Tokyo, say, can hardly go to New York to extract a refund for a dud purchase.One answer is for governments to cooperate more: to recognize each other's rules. But that requires years of work and volumes of detailed rules. And plenty of countries have rules too fanciful for sober states to accept. There is, however, an alternative. Let the electronic businesses do the "regulation" themselves. They do, after all, have a self-interest in doing so.In electronic commerce, a reputation for honest dealing will be a valuable competitive asset. Governments, too, may compete to be trusted. For instance, customers ordering medicines online may prefer to buy from the United States because they trust the rigorous screening of the Food and Drug Administration; or they may decide that the FDA's rules are too strict, and buy from Switzerland instead.Consumers will need to use their judgment. But precisely because the technology is new, electronic shoppers are likely for a while to be a lot more cautious than consumers of the normal sort-and the new technology will also make it easier for them to complain noisily when a company lets them down. In this way, at least, the advent of cyberspace may argue for fewer consumer protection laws, not more.47. What can people benefit from the fast-growing development of electronic commerce?48. When goods are faulty, consumers in rich countries tend to think that it is who takes responsibility for everything.49. In the author's view, why do businesses place a high premium on honest dealing in the electronic world?50. We can infer from the passage that in licensing new drugs the FDA in the United States is .51. We can learn from the passage that are probably more cautious than consumers of thenormal sort when buying things.Section BDirections:There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.Some people say that the study of liberal arts is a useless luxury we can not afford in hard times. Students, they argue, who do not develop salable skills will find it difficult to land a job upon graduation. But there is a problem in speaking of "salable skills". What skills are salable? Right now, skills for making automobiles are not highly salable, but they have been for decades and might be again. Skills are another example of varying salability, as the job market fluctuates. What's more, if one wants to build a curriculum exclusively on what is salable, one will have to make the courses very short and change them very often, in order to keep up with the rapid changes in the job market. But will not the effort be in vain? In very few things can we be sure of future salability, and in a society where people are free to study what they want, and work where they want, and invest as they want, there is no way to keep supply and demand in labor in perfect accord.A school that devotes itself totally to salable skills, especially in a time of high unemployment, sending young men and women into the world armed with only a narrow range of skills, is also sending lambs into the lion's den. If those people gain nothing more from their studies than supposedly salable skills, and can't make the sale because of changes in the job market, they have been cheated. But if those skills were more than salable, if study gave them a better understanding of the world around them and greater adaptability in a changing world, they have not been cheated. They will find some kind of job soon enough. Flexibility, and ability to change and learn new things, is a valuable skill. People who have learned how to learn can learn outside of school. That is where most of us have learned to do what we do, not in school. Learning to learn is one of the highest liberal skills.52. From the passage, we can learn that the author is in favor of .A) teaching practical skills that can be sold in the current job marketB) a flexible curriculum that changes with the timesC) a liberal educationD) keeping a balance between the supply and demand in the labor market53. The word "fluctuate"(Line 5,Para.1) most probably means .A) remain steady B) change in an irregular wayC) follow a set pattern D) become worse and worse54. According to the author, who of the following is more likely to get a job in times of high unemployment?A) A person with the ability to learn by himself.B) A construction worker.C) A car repairman.D) A person with quite a few salable skills.55. According to the author, in developing a curriculum school should .A) predict the salability of skills in the future job marketB) take the current job market into considerationC) consider what skills are salableD) focus on the ability to adapt to changes56. We can learn from the passage that .A) liberal arts education is being challenged nowB) schools that teach practical skills fare better during hard timesC) extracurricular activities are more important than classroom learningD) many students feel cheated by the educational systemPassage TwoQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Over the past decade, American companies have tried hard to find ways to discourage senior from feathering their own nests at the expense of their shareholders. The three most popular reforms have been recruiting more outside directors in order to make boards more independent, linking bosses'pay to various performance measures, and giving bosses share options, so that they have the same long-term interests as their shareholders.These reforms have been widely adopted by American's larger companies, and surveys suggest that many more companies are thinking of following their lead. But have they done any good? Three papers presented at the annual meeting of the Academy of Management in Boston this week suggest not. As is usually the case with boardroom tinkering, the consequences have differed from those intended.Start with those independent boards. On the face of it, dismissing the boss's friends from the board and replacing them with outsiders looks a perfect way to make senior managers more accountable. But that is not the conclusion of a study by Professor James Westphal. Instead, he found that bosses with a boardroom full of outsides spend much of their time building alliances, doing personal favors and generally pleasing the outsiders.All too often, these seductions succeed. Mr.Westphal found that, to a remarkable degree, "independent" boards pursue strategies that are likely to favor senior managers rather than shareholders. Such companies diversify their business, increase the pay of executives and weaken the link between pay and performance.To assess the impact of performance related pay, Mr.Westphal asked the bosses of 103 companies with sales of over $1 billion what measurements were used to determine their pay. The measurements varied widely, ranging from sales to earnings per share. But the researcher's big discovery was that bosses attend to measures that affect their own incomes and ignore or play down other factors that affect a company's overall success.In short, bosses are quick to turn every imaginable system of corporate government to their advantage-which is probably why they are the people who are put in charge of things. Here is a paradox for the management theorists: any boss who cannot beat a system designed to keep him under control is probably not worth having.57. What is the purpose of the large companies in recruiting outsiders and putting them on the board of directors?A) To diversify the business of the corporation.B) To enhance the cooperation between the senior managers and the board directors.C) To introduce effective reforms in business management.D) To protect the interests of the shareholders.58. What does Professor James Westphal's study suggest?A) Boardroom reforms have failed to achieve the desired result.B) Outside board directors tend to be more independent.C) With a boardroom full of outsiders, senior managers work more conscientiously.D) Cooperation between senior managers and board directors suffered from the reforms.59. The word "seduction"(Line 1,Para.4) probably means " ".A) efforts to conquerB) attempts to win overC) endeavors to increase profitsD) exertions to understand60. Which of the following statements is true?A) Corporate executives in general are worth the high pay they receive.B) The income of corporate executives is proportional to the growth of corporate profits.C) Corporate executives tend to take advantage of their position to enrich themselves.D) The performance of corporate executives affects their own interests more than those of the shareholders.61. How does the author feel about the efforts to control senior executives?A) Doubtful. B) Optimistic. C) Positive. D) Approving.Directions:This part consists of a short passage.In this passage,there are altogether 10 mistakes,one in each numbered line.You may have to change a word,add a word or delete a word.Mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided.If you change a word,cross it out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank.If you add a word,put an insertion mark(∧)in the right place and write the missing word in the blank.If you delete a word,cross it out and put a slash(/)in the blank.Conflict is a necessary element in fiction. Indeed, it isthe backbone of a story; it is conflict that gives us the senseof a story going somewhere.The conflict in a story must first be obvious importance 62to the characters involved. We can illustrate this byreference to experience. All of us face constant conflicts ourdaily lives-whenever we cross a street, for example, orwhenever the alarm goes off and we have to get up for aclass. Most of our conflicts are easily resolved-we wait fortraffic and then cross the street without fear, or we shut offthe alarm, get up, and after two cups of coffee forget ourpain. Furthermore, we also experience conflicts that are not 63easily resolved. All of us, for example, are faced almostdaily with conflicts which have some kind of a permanenteffect to us-which alter our basic values or our conception 64of human nature. Should we report the fellow student whomwe look cheating on an examination? Should we pad (虚报) 65our accounts for books and supplies in that letter home-particularly since we know that father cheats a little hereand there on his income-tax returns? None of us have 66witnessed teachers or ministers or high public officialspreach one thing and practice other. All of us have found 67ourselves in that most common of all dilemmas-the choicebetween holding to a set of moral and ethical convictionsand violate them in order to be accepted by our group. 68These are the kinds of conflicts which we find fiction; and 69because they are of this nature, we call fictional conflictscrisis situations. We mean by this that as a result of a givenconflict, the character or characters involving will never 70again be quite the same people that they are before the 71incident occurred.Part ⅥTranslation(5 minutes)Directions:Complete the following sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.72. If I had (足够的钱,我会毫不犹豫地买一辆名牌车).73. With tears in her eyes, the mother (看着吸毒成瘾的女儿被带上了警车).74. After the outbreak of the infectious disease, all the citizens (被警告暂时取消任何旅行计划).75. Nowadays, the young people prefer to correspond with each other (通过发电子邮件而不是写信).76. It must be kept in mind that (你只有通过终身学习才能在这个竞争激烈的社会中生存).Part ⅠWritingIs It Appropriate for College Students to Rent Apartments Outside Campus?Nowadays, many university students do not like to live in a dorm in the campus, but choose to rent apartments outside. If we want to know whether it is appropriate to do so, we should analyze its advantages and disadvantages.The advantages of living outside campus are obvious. Students who live outside can enjoy more freedom and have more independence. For senior students, they may also have more opportunities for jobs. But there are also many disadvantages. For instance, they may have less time to know other students, they have to spend time traveling forth and back, their life may be less interesting, and it is obviously more expensive and less safe to live outside.Considering the advantages and disadvantages, I think students should decide according to their own situations. If they want to save money and have more time to study and more contacts with other students, it is better for them to live inside the campus. But if they value freedom and independence more than anything else and do not have to worry about the costs, it is also appropriate for them to rent a room or an apartment outside the campus. Whatever they decide, their decisions should be appropriate for themselves.Part ⅡReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)1. Y本题的判断依据为文章第一个小标题下的第三、四句"But some skills are lasting pleasures. Such is reading.(阅读能给人以持久的快乐。

Part I. Writing (10 points) Directions:For this part, you are allowed to write a composition based on the following requirements, entitled My study and Life at College.Y ou should write 100-120 words. Write down your composition on Answer Sheet 2.1.My biggest gain in the first half semester.2.My greatest difficulty at present.My Study and Life at CollegePart II. Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(1 point each, 10 points) Directions:In this part, you have to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions. Then mark the corresponding letter (A—Y; B—N; C—NG) on Answer Sheet 1Y(for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage.N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage.NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.Broken WingMaybe you‘ve heard the saying, ―A bird with a broken wing will never fly as high.‖ I am sure that Ware was made to feel this way almost every day in school.By high school, Ware was the most celebrated troublemaker in his town. He wasn‘t very talkative, didn‘t answer questions and got into lots of fights. He had failed in almost every class. I met Ware for the first time at a weekend training program, which was designed to have students become more involved in their communities. Ware was one of 405 students who signed up for the program. When I showed up to lead them, the communities leaders gave me this overview(概况) of the attending students: ―We have different kinds of students today, from the student body president to T. J. Ware, the boy with the longest arrest record in the history of town.‖ Somehow, I knew that I wasn‘t the first to hear about Ware‘s dark side as the first words of introduction.At the start of the program, Ware was literally standing outside the circle of students, against the back wall. He didn‘t readily join the discussion groups and seemed to have little to say. But slowly, the interactive（互动式的）games drew him in. The ice really melted when the groups started building a list of positive and negative things that had occurred at school that year. Ware had some definite thoughts on those situations. The other students in Ware‘s group welcomed his comments. All of a sudden Ware felt like a part of the group, and before long he was being treated like a leader. He was saying things that made a lot of sense, and everyone was listening. Ware was a smart guy and had some great ideas. The next day, Ware was very active in all the sessions. By the end of the program, he had joined the Homeless Project team. He knew something about poverty, hunger and hopelessness. Impressed with his passionate(热情的)concern and ideas, the other students on the team elected Ware chairman of the team.Two weeks later, Ware led the team to collect food for needy families. In just two hours they collected 2,854 cans of food, which could support the poor family in the area for 75 days. The local newspaper covered the event with a full-page article the next day. That newspaper story and Ware‘s picture were posted on the main bulletin board at school. Every day he was reminded about what he did. He was being acknowledged as leadership material. Then Ware started showing up at school every day and answered questions from teachers for the first time.Ware‘s story reminds us that a bird with a broken wing only needs mending. But once it hashealed(痊愈), it can fly higher than the rest.( ) 1. By high school, T. J. Ware wasn‘t very talkative, didn‘t answer questions and got into lots of fights.( ) 2. T. J. Ware was one of 408 students who signed up for the program.( ) 3.The author was the first to hear about Ware‘s dark side as the first words of introduction. ( ) 4. At the beginning of the training program, T. J. Ware was reluctant to join the students in their activities.( ) 5. Through the program, T. J. Ware demonstrated potential as a leader.( ) 6. It was getting warmer when the students carried out their program.( ) 7. T. J. Ware had joined the Homeless Project team by the end of the program.( ) 8. T. J. Ware was always devoted to aiding those in need.( ) 9. Encouragement from the teacher helped T. J. Ware to reform himself.( ) 10. The weekend training program lasted for two weeks.Part III. Listening Comprehension (20 points) Section A (0.5 point each, 5 points) Directions:In this section, you‘ll hear ten short conversations. After each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and questions will be read only once. Listen carefully and choose the best answer to each question. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center.11. A. What do you do? B. Fine thanks.C. I‘ m a college student.D. I do well in my studies.12. A. She is very kind. B. She is very well.C. She is still very young.D. She is doing her homework now.13. A. By taking a course. B. V ery well.C. In the library.D. In the morning.14. A. She looks very well. B. She likes parties a lot.C. She likes her father.D. She is like a model, tall and pretty.15. A. I bought it at a sale. B. It‘s very nice.C. It‘s my sister‘s.D. My sister likes it.16. A. At 9:00 B. At 9:15.C. At 9:30.D. At 9:50.17. A. 5 dollars. B. 10 dollars.C. 20 dollars.D. 15 dollars.18. A. One. B. TwoC: Three D. Four19. A. It‘s beside a hotel. B. It‘s beside a busy road.C. It‘s next to a hotel.D. It‘s opposite a hotel on a busy road.20. A. He often teaches English in his free time. B. He‘s an English teacher.C. He often teaches English for nothing.D. He gives three English lessons each week. Section B (1 points each, 10 points) Directions:In this section you will hear two long conversations and a passage. The conversations and passage will be read only once. Listen carefully and choose the best answer to each question. Mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through thecenter.Conversation One21. A. The differences between languages.B. The importance of foreign language learning.C. What languages they speak.D. The major difficulties in foreign language learning.22. A. Both Mrs. Brown and Mr. Green are foreign language teachers.B. Both Mrs. Brown and Mr. Green speak several languages.C. Neither Mrs. Brown nor Mr. Green is a native speaker of English.D. Neither Mrs. Brown nor Mr. Green speaks Japanese.23. A. Mr. Brown speaks Japanese better than Mrs. Brown.B. Spelling is the most difficult part in foreign language learning.C. French is often spoken by English-speaking people.D. Mr. Green often makes business trips to the Middle East. Conversation Two24. A. In the morning.B. In the afternoon.C. In the evening.D. At night.25. A. The mother.B. The father.C Keith.D. Everybody shares.26. A. Happy.B. Sad.C. AngryD. Surprised.Passage27. A. He is a bus driver.B. He is a repairman.C. He is an engineer.D. He is a mechanic.28. A. He came back home very late and very angry.B. He came back home very early and very angry.C. He came back home very early and very happy.D. He came back home very late and very happy.29. A. He takes a bus.B. He walks to his factory but takes a bus to get home after work.C. He always walks.D. He takes a bus to get to his factory and walks home after work.30. A. Bill prefers walking to taking a bus.B. Bill tries to save money when he can.C. Bill thinks of nothing but monkey.D. Bill has saved a lot of money.Section C (0.5 point each, 5 points) Directions:In this section you will hear a passage three times. You are required to fill in the blanks. Then write down your answers on Answer Sheet 2.Our words –spoken or written—can become deeds of kindness that build hope, ease pains even change lives. Here is a story of how kind words helped an old lady on her life __31___.When Mrs. Law learned that her 25-year-old daughter, Julia, was killed in a car accident, she was ___32____. Following the ___33____, Mrs. Law went to her daughter‗s office to clean out her desk. ____34____, several of Julia‘s fellow workers came by to express their sympathy. All ___35____ ended with, ―If there is anything I can do…..‖ Mrs. Law responded by asking them to write down their __36_____ about her daughter and mail them to her. ―I told them that receiving their notes would ___37____ me with a glimpse of Julia‘s life that I didn‘t know about.‖Over the next few weeks, Mrs. Law received ___38____ of letters from Julia‘s fellow workers. ―When I begin to feel blue, I read those letters ___39____ and am comforted,‖ Mrs. Law says. ―There are no words to express how much those letters have ___40____ to me.‖Part IV. Reading Comprehension (reading in depth) (30 points) Section A (1 point each, 10 points) Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. Y ou are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please write down the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Do not treat all new words in exactly the same way. Have you ever complaine d___41___ your memory because you find it simply __42_____to memorize all the new words you are learning? But in fact, it is not your___43___that is at fault. If you cram your head with too many new words at a time, some of them are ___44____ to be crowded out. What you need to do is to deal with new words in different ways according to ___45___frequently they occur in every use. ___46____ active words demand ___47___practice and useful words must be ___48____to memory, words that do not often occur in everyday situations require just a nodding acquaintance. Y ou will find concentrating ___49___ active and useful words the most ___50___route toSection B (2 points each, 20 points) Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Y ou should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center. Passage OneWhen Berenice Belizaire arrived in New Y ork from Haiti with her mother and sister in 1987, she wasn‘t very happy. She spoke no English. The family had to live in a small and crowdedBrooklyn apartment, a far cry from the comfortable house they‘d had in Haiti. Her mother, a nurse, worked long hours. School was torture(折磨). Berenice had always been a good student, but now she was learning a new language while enduring constant taunts(嘲笑)from the Americans. They cursed(咒骂)her in the cafeteria and threw food at her. Someone hit her sister in the head with a book. ―Why can‘t we go home?‖ Berenice asked her mother.Because home was dangerous. The schools weren‘t always open anymore, and education---her mother insisted---was the most important thing. Her mother had always pushed her: memorize everything, she ordered. ―I have a pretty good memory,‖Berenice admitted last week. Indeed, the other kids at school began to notice that Berenice always, somehow, knew the answers.‖ They started coming to me for help,‖ she says. ―They never called me a nerd(书呆子).‖Within two years Berenice was speaking English, though not well enough to get into one of New Y ork‘s elite(精英)public high school. She had to settle for a neighborhood school, James Madison, a school with a history of unlikely success stories. ―I didn‘t realize what we had in Berenice at first,‖ says math teacher Judith Khan. ―She was good at math, but she was quiet. And the things she didn‘t know. She applied for a summer program in Buffalo and asked me how to get there on the subway. But she always seemed to ask the right questions. She understood the big ideas. She could think on her feet. She could explain difficult problems so the other kids could understand them. Eventually I realized she wasn‘t just pushing for grades, she was hungry for knowledge… And you know it never occurred to me that she also was doing well in English and history, all these subjects that had to be much tougher for her than math.‖51. Berenice and her family came to the United States so that_________________________.A.S he could get a good educationB.They could live a comfortable lifeC.They could learn to speak perfect EnglishD. she would enjoy school together with her sister52. How did the American students treat Berenice and her sister when they first came to New Y ork?A.T hey tried to help them.B.They looked down upon them.C.They tried to make friends with them.D. They kept a distance from them.53. How was it that the American children never called Berenice a nerd?A.T hey came to know she had a pretty good memory.B.She spoke English as if she were a native American,C.She could help them with their schoolwork.D.They knew she had always been a good student.54. Why didn‘t Berenice get into an elite public school?A.H er family couldn‘t afford the cost.B.Her English wasn‘t good enough.C.It was too far away from where her family lived.D.The neighborhood school she went to had a history of unlikely success stories.55. Why did Berenice make such rapid progress in her studies after she came to America according to her math teacher?A.T here were so many things she didn‘t know.B.The summer program she went to helped her a lot.C.Her mother pressed her for good grades.D.She had a thirst for knowledge.Passage TwoOne of the greatest mysteries in biology—how the monarch butterfly(帝王蝶)travels thousands of kilometers on its yearly migration(迁移) –has just been solved.Monarch butterflies use the sun to set their body clocks and make their journeys, according to US scientists. No other butterfly in the world migrates like the orange and black monarchs of North America. They cannot live for long periods in cold weather. Each autumn, thousands travel up to 3,000 km to spend the winter in the mountains of Mexico. There are so many, they almost block out the sky, and you can hear their wings beating.It usually takes the butterflies two months to reach Mexico. After staying five months, they head back up north in the spring. But not one butterfly finishes the whole round-trip. They lay eggs along the way and die.Three generations of butterflies will live and die during the spring journey alone. The fourth and final generation of the year is born in early autumn and will reach the north. But it hardly gets to rest before starting the long journey south to Mexico.The most amazing thing about these butterflies is that they return to the very same tree in Mexico that their great-great-grandparents used the winter before. Past studies have shown that the insects use the sun as a compass to show them the way. But experts are unsure how the butterflies change their directions as the sun moves in the sky.This new study now shows that the insects use a ―circadian(生理节奏的)‖clock in their bodies as part of their sun compass. In laboratory tests, monarch butterflies were found to fly in the right direction under normal daylight hours. But those flying in 24-hour light headed straight towards the sun. That is, they no longer had any sense of time.Scientist Steven Reppert, who led the research, said: ―We have shown the need for the circadian clock for monarch butterfly migration. When the clock is interrupted, monarchs are unable to fly towards Mexico.‖56. What is the focus of the passage?A. Monarch butterflies‘ yearly migration.B. The unique living style of monarch butterflies.C. The guidance of the sun in monarch butterflies‘ navigation.D. Monarch butterflies use body clocks as part of their sun compass.57. Which of the following statements is true about monarch butterflies?A. Each autumn they fly north to North America.B. In spring they fly south to Mexico.C. Only a few of them can finish the round trip.D. Their color is orange and black.58. The most surprising finding about the butterflies is that_______________________.A. not one butterfly finishes the whole-round tripB. they can find the same tree in Mexico that their great-great-grandparents used the winter beforeC. it takes as long as two months for the butterflies to fly to MexicoD. they use the sun as a compass59. What can be learned from the passage about past studies and the new discovery?A. Past studies discovered the new function of a body clock.B. The new study discovers the use of the sun as a compass.C. The new discovery throws light on an old mystery.D. Past studies showed how the butterflies could change direction.60. What was found in the laboratory?A. Monarch butterflies lost their sense of time.B. The sun was not important in their migration.C. Butterflies flying in 24-hour light lost their sense of time.D. Their body clocks were interrupted by the sun.Part V. Cloze (0.5 point each, 10 points) Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Y ou should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center.What actually happens when we read? Some people think that we read one word __61____, understand it and then go on to the next. Other people think that our eyes smoothly ___62___ over each line from left to right, then back to the beginning of the ___63___ line, and so on. In fact, the physical action of reading usually doesn‘t work in __64____ of those ways.___65___ you do this experiment with a friend. Get hold of a book with a large page ___66___ and with lines that go right ___67___ the page. __68____ your friend to ___69___ the book up and to read it with the top of the book just __70____ his eye level. This ___71___ that you can watch the movement of his eyes as he reads the page. ___72___ you do this, you will see that your friend‘s eyes do not make a continuous forward sweep. ___73___ they progress by little ―jumps‖ moving, then stopping, as they progress along the line.___74___ to be this starting and stopping movement ___75___ the eye can see only when it is not moving. Every time the eye ___76___ it sees a phrase or even a sentence, then jumps to the next part of the line, and so on.There is another interesting fact about eye movement. Y ou will notice that, ___77___, the reader goes back and looks again at something he ___78___ before, in other words, he returns to an earlier part of the text probably because he __79____ he is not understanding it properly. Then he comes back ___80___ he stopped and continues reading.61. A. at a time B. at one time C. at time D. at times62. A. turn B. fly C. move D. sway63. A above B. next C same D. second64. A. either B. neither C. all D. both65. A. Think B. Guess C. Suppose D. Suggest66. A. number B. quantity C. space D. size67. A. off B. across C. up D. down68. A. Have B. To have C. Get D. To get69. A. hold B. pick C. put D. set70. A. below B. in C. beside D. on71. A. shows B. means C. expresses D. proves72. A. Unless B. If C. Because D. Although73. A. However B. Altogether C. Therefore D. Instead74. A. It has B. It is C. There has D. There is75. A. if B. unless C. although D. because76. A. jumps B. moves C. pauses D. turns77.A.from time to time B. at the same time C. on time D. in no time78. A. read B. has read C. was reading D. had read79. A. wonders B. knows C. realizes D. fears80. A. what B. which C. that D. wherePart VI. Translation (1points each, 20 points) Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. Please write your answers on Answer Sheet 2.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答，只需写出译文部分。

1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic:Attend Your Classes Regularly。

You should write at least 120 words following theoutline given below in Chinese.1. 现在大学校园里，迟到、早退、旷课是常见的现象2保证学生的出勤率对大学教育的重要性3作为一个大学生应该怎样做Attend Your Classes RegularlyNowadays it is a very common phenomenon that some university studentsare late for or even absent from classes. And still there are some students whoslip out of the classroom before the class is over. Class attendance has becomea thorny problem to both the students and teachers.In fact, it is very important for the students to attend their classes regularly.First, it will ensure you to catch up with the teachers in your learning. That isvery helpful to you if you want to do a good job in your study. Second, attending classes regularly is a way of showing respect to your teachers ,too. Yourteachers will feel bad if the students do not attend their classes, which, in turn,will affect their teaching and be no good for the students. Third, attendingclasses regularly will help to form a good habit of punctuality, which is of great importance for the students to do a good job in the future.Therefore, we university students should form the good habit of attendingour classes regularly from now on. And some day we’ll benefit from it.2For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Students’ Rating of Their Teachers。

For this part of “Tips for Applying to US Colleges” we visited Shenandoah University in the US state of Virginia. It is a private institution with about 4,000 students from 55 countries. We asked them some of questions about adapting to American culture and writing admissions essays.A. How can I succeed in applying to American colleges?B. What advice do you have for writing an admission essay?C. Why should I study abroad?D. What are some difficulties students have adapting to US culture?E. What about religious life on campus?F. What are some academic difficulties foreign students face?1._______________I think everyone should travel and live and work and study abroad. I think it’s great for a lot of reasons. One—of course you’re going to learn something about other people. And that’s good, we should know about other people because we live in what is called a “globalized world.” More importantly, you’re going to learn something about yourself. You’re going to learn about how strong you really are. You’re going to learn that you have capabilities that you never knew you had. When you’re in another place and maybe you don’t even speak the language very well, you’re gonna find that you still figure a way to communicate. Maybe you can do something even bigger and even more, a little more challenging.2._______________Students often misunderstand policies that we have here. And I think sometimes that can get students into trouble. I think we have had some issues with students who have worked a little too closely together for our professors’ level, and so that has created some challenges at times for those students. In terms of that, kind of, power structure between a professor and a student here, I would say our environment, our culture here at Shenandoah, there’s not a whole lot of that. I mean it’s very much of an environment where that sort-of barrier between professor and student is a little less than what it might be the case at other institutions. So that part of it is not as much of an issue.3._______________I would say the important thing is to also be authentic. Be yourself. Most students are reading a lot of essays and after a while they start to kind of sound the same. And so you want to give that person the curiosity to know you. And you’re special. You’re different than everybody else that’s applying. So, I think if you can try your best. Of course, there are things you think,“I need to say these things because that’s what they want to hear.” Certainly if there are topics that they are asking you to respond to, you want to do that. But, to try as much as you can to give the person who’s reading your essay an idea of who you are and what makes you unique. I think that would be my main advice.4.______________We are open to all religions, of all backgrounds. I mean we have a Catholic campus ministry, we have a Muslim student association, and we have a Jewish student association. We really do aim to be inclusive of all students regardless of their religious beliefs. Students certainly feel included, they certainly feel comfortable being here, you know, they’re—regardless of whatever their religious beliefs might be and even if that’s—even if they don’t have any religious beliefs. We certainly have students who are that way too.5._______________A lot of it breaks down to different communication styles. Some are what we would call “high context cultures.” It means that you shouldn’t have to say what the problems is. Some cultures like American culture is very low context. We expect you say exactly what you mean. And if you didn’t say it, we probably don’t know it’s a problem. So sometime we—I have seen some students maybe have some roommate issues because the international student is upset with something and they assume the roommate must know that they’re upset. But the roommate—the American roommate—maybe doesn’t even know that it’s a problem. And one of the things I would caution new international students is that it's kind of an American way to be very open and friendly with everyone.1.C2.F3.B4.E5.D【解析】试题分析：考查⽂章标题的匹配1.2.3.4.5.考点：考查⽂章标题匹配。

2021年6月英语六级真题答案（完整版+解析）2021年6月英语六级答案(完整版)Part Ⅰ Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Impact of the Internet on Interpersonal Communication. Your essay should start with a brief description of the picture. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. 作文标准版The Impact of the Internet on Interpersonal Communication As is described in the picture, a father asks her daughter how her school today goes on. Instead of answering directly, the daughter tells her father to read her blog. It is common that youngsters nowadays incline to communicate with others on internet increasingly, and lack communication with people around them. With the development of Internet, it has influenced our society to a large extent, especially interpersonal communication.To begin with, we can communicate with others anytime via internet. Otherwise, we would have to arrange our schedules strictly in advance. Also, interpersonal communication through the internet is not restricted by space. For example, in most multinational corporations, instant messages and video conferences help colleagues solve problems timely and efficiently. Last but not least, the internet can greatly speed up our interpersonal communication. Whereas, there are also disadvantages that the internet brings to us. More and more people complained that they have lost face-to-face communicating skills. As a result, people become more and more indifferent to each other in real life. Some netizens who are immersed in virtual world even have difficulty in making friends in reality.In conclusion, communication through the internet could bring us both convenience and inconvenience. We should strike a balance between them and make the best of the internet. 【解析】这次的六级写作是请考生谈谈网络对人际交流的影响。

硕士学位英语考试试题PAPER ONEPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (15 MINUTES, 15 points) Section A ( 1 point each )1. A. He was on vacation. B. He was moving furniture.C. He was sick.D. He was working for a new company.2. A. He does not understand it. B. He does not like it.C. He is used to it.D. He does not have to take it.3. A. He is interested only in her ideas.B. He will not accept a late paper from her.C. He wants her to hand in her paper immediately.D. He will accept a late paper from her.4. A. In a kitchen. B. In a garden. C. At the pictures. D. In an office.5. A. Five B. Four. C. Seven. D. Six.6. A. She was experienced in riding a bicycle.B. She was riding very slowly at that moment.C. She was riding a new bike.D. Some passes-by help her.7. A. She can't see. B. Her ears was hurt.C. She can’t hear.D. Her eyes hurt.8. A. She feels that he won't accept anything.B. She thinks he has almost everything he wants.C. She's sure he already has a pocket calculator.D. She's afraid he wants more than she can afford.9. A. At the jewelry store. B. Down the hall.C. From other customers.D. From a machineSection B ( 1 point each )Question 10 through 12 are base on the following conversation.10. A. Peter's research paper. B. Peter's composition.C.A library book.D. Peter's take-home exam.11. A. By studying in the library. B. He was absent that day.C. He did very well.D. He did very poorly.12. A. Talk to the professor. B. Quit working.C. Get a better-paying job.D. Try to get a job on the campus.Question 13 through 15 are base on the following passage.13. A. The development of animals. B. The development of land animal.C. The origin of sea creatures.D. The origin of human beings14. A. Stand on their heads. B. Swim backward.C. Move on their fins.D. Swim upside down.15. A. The appearance of tile fish. B. The size and the color of fish.C. The way the fish swims.D. The way the Fish uses its fins.PART II VOCABULARY ( 10 MINUTES, 10 POINTS )Section A ( 0.5 point each )16. Frank and Jauntier asked their science teacher to settle the dispute once and for all.A. temporarilyB. permanentlyC. cautiouslyD. decisively17.The police found it difficult to apprehend the criminal because of the incomplete details supplied by the witness.A. sketchyB. complicatedC. sternD. artistic18.In order to maintain physical well-being, a person should eat wholesome food and get sufficient exercise.A. freshB. staleC. well-cookedD. healthful19. Not afraid of being fired, John Smith continued to defy the boss.A. avoidB. admireC. opposeD. guide20. Many pure metals have little use because they are too soft, rust too easily, or have some other drawbacks.A. propertiesB. behaviorC. disadvantagesD. performances21. After a number of disagreements with the committee, the chairman decided to quit.A. resignB. dismissC. retireD. desert22. The experiment shows this cathode emits electrons in a controlled environment.A. submitsB. gives offC. rejectsD. passes by .23. To what place are you going to haul the furniture that you no longer need.A. sellB. putC. transportD. paint24. The zealous demonstrators were ignored by all the media of this country.A. passionateB. colorfulC. rudeD. clever25. In prehistoric times, eclipses of the moon and Sun were probably terrifying to people.A. meaningfulB. fascinatingC. frighteningD. helpfulSection B (0.5 point each)26. Lisa objected to wearing her championship pin; she didn't want to be considered ______.A. obscureB. VainC. dishonestD. humble27. The meeting ended ______.when a police officer told club members that the building was on fire.A. affectedlyB. fatallyC. exhaustinglyD. abruptlyZ8.Marie fainted in the store and found herself in the hospital when she ______.A. came alongB. came backC. came toD. came out29.The boys knew they broken the rules and regulations, and they were______happy when they were called to the headmaster's office.A. nothing butB. all butC. anything butD. all too30. His parents gave him many expensive toys as some form of ______.for his lameness and inability to lay active games.A. compensationB. remedyC. treatmentD. gratitude3l. The teacher was______.of his duty, and he was criticized for this.A. illegibleB. NegligentC. illegalD. negligible32. What I am telling you is strictly______. Don't let anyone know of it.A. secretiveB. specialC. individualD. confidential33. The beautiful flowers in the vase______.hrough lack of water.A. decreasedB. sweatedC. witheredD. ripened34. She's always______.the way I do things, so I can hardly get along welt with her.A. making the best ofB. finding fault withC. coming up withD. having the advantage over35. The young lady speaks so softly that her voice is not really______.A. fragileB. audibleC. brittleD. decentPART III CLOZE TEST (I0 MINUTES, 15 POINTS)Parents have to do much less for their children today than they used to do, and home has become much less of a workshop. Clothes can be bought ready 36, washing can go to the laundry, food can be bought cooked, canned or 37 ,bread is baked and delivered by the baker, milk 38 on the doorstep, meals can be had at the restaurant ,the works' canteen and the school dining-room.It is unusual now for father to 39 his trade or other employment at home, and his children rarely, 40, see him at his place of work. Boys are therefore seldom trained to 41 their father's occupation and in many towns they have a fair wide 42 of employment and so do girls. The young wage-earner often earns good money, and soon acquires a feeling of 43 independence. In textile areas it has 44 for mothers to go out to work, 45 this practice has become so widespread that the working mother is now a not unusual 46 in a child's home life the number of married women in employment having more than doubled in the last twenty-five years. With mother earning and his old children-draw 47 wages, father is seldom the 48 figure that he still was at the beginning of the Century. 49 mother work, economic advantages increase, but children lose something of 50 value if mother's employment prevent her from being home to greet them when they return from school.36. A. made B. shaped C. set D. fixed37. A. deserved B. preserved C. reserved D. conserved38. A. arrives B. reaches C. transports D. transfers39. A. persuade B. pursue C. purchase D. persecute40. A. if ever B. if not C. if any D. if only41. A. catch B. make C. get D. follow42. A. distribution B. opportunity C. fate D. choice43. A. economic B. economical C. personal D. living44. A. customary B. essential C. fundamental D. unnecessary45. A. or B. but C. so D. then46. A. focus B. favor C. factor D. fear47. A. inaccurate B. substantial C. inadequate D. standard48. A. negative B. modest C. superior D. dominant49. A. Even if B. Though C. Before D. When50. A. little B. small C. large D. greatPART IV READING COMPREHENSION (45 MINUTES, 30 POINTS)Passage OneWe use emotive language to express our own attitudes and feelings. We also direct emotive language at other people to persuade them to believe as we do or to do as we wantthem to do; and of course, other people direct emotive language at us to get us to believe or to do what they want.We are subjected to a constant stream of persuasion day in, day out, at home and in school, on the radio and on television. It comes from parents and teachers, from preachers and politicians, from editors and commentators, but, most of all, of course, from advertisers. Most of this persuasion is expressed in emotive language and is intended to appeal to our feelings rather than to be weighted up by our powers of reasoning.We should look at the motives behind all this persuasion. Why do they want to persuade us ? What do they want us to do ? We are not thinking very clearly unless we try to see through the veil of words and realize something of the speaker's purpose.An appeal to emotion is in itself neither good or bad. Our emotions on the highest levels and from the best of motives. A case in point is Churchill's wartime speeches: whatever people thought of Churchill as a politician, they were united behind him when he spoke as a national leader in those dark days their feelings responded to his call for resolution and unity.It is a characteristic of social groups that the members have a feeling of personal attachment to the group -- to the family in earliest childhood and extending later to the school, the team, the church, the nation, in patterns that vary from time to time. Hence a speaker from our group will find in us feelings to which he can readily and genuinely appeal, whether our reaction is favorable or not. We are at least open to the appeal and we appreciate the context in which it is made.51. The major functions of emotive language discussed in the passage are to______A. extend our powers of reasoning and carry out a purposeB. advertise and produce the wanted social effectsC. show one's Feelings and appeal to those of othersD. make others believe in us and respond to our feeling52. It is suggested in the third paragraph of this passage that we______A. should keep a cool head when subjected to persuasions of various kindsB. need to judge whether a persuasion is made for good or badC. have to carefully use our emotive languageD. should avoid being easily seen through by an appeal from others53. The source from which emotive language flows upon us in its greatest amount is______A. the mass mediaB. the educational institutionsC. the religious circlesD. the advertising business54. Churchill is mentioned in the passage as______A. an example of how people weighted up persuasion with reasoningB. a national leader who brought out people's best feelingsC. a positive example of appealing to people's emotionD. a politician who has been known as a good speaker55. What is NOT mentioned as relevant to our emotions in this passage ?A. SocialB. Personal experienceC. The personality of national leadersD. Religious belief56. It can be inferred from the passage that a persuasive speaker must______.A. find out what group his audience is attached toB. vary his speech patterns from time to timeC. know how to adapt his way of speaking to the needs of the audienceD. be aware whether the listeners are favorable to his opinion or notPassage TwoAs goods and services improved, people were persuaded to spend their money on changing from old to new, and found the change worth the expense. When an airline equipped itself with jets, for example, its costs (and therefore air fare) would go up, but the new planes meant such an improvement that the higher cost was justified. A new car (or wireless, washing machine, electric kettle)made life so much more comfortable than the old one that the high cost of replacement was fully repaid. Manufacturers still cry their wares as persuasively as ever, but are the improvements really worth paying for? In many field things have now reached such a high standard of performance that further progress is very limited and very, very expensive. Airlines, for example, go to enormous expense in buying the latest prestige jets, in which vast research costs we might lose the chance of cutting minutes away from flying times : but wouldn't it be better to see air fares drop dramatically, as capital costs become relatively insignificant ? Again, in the context of a 70 m.p.h. limit, with platoons of cars traveling so densely as to control each other's speeds, improvements in performance are virtually irrelevant; improvements in handling are unnecessary, as most production cars grip the road perfectly;and comfort has now reached a very high level indeed. Small improvements here are unlikely to be worth the thousands that anybody replacing an ordinary family car every two years may ultimately have spent on them. Let us instead have cars --- or wireless, electric kettles, washing machines, television sets-- which are made to last, and not to be replaced. Significant, progress is obviously a good thing; but the insignificant progression from model-change to model-change is not.57. The author obviously is challenging the social norm that______A. it is important to improve goods and servicesB. development of technology makes our life more comfortableC. it is reasonable that prices are going up all the timeD. slightly modified new products are worth buying58. According to this passage, air fares may rise because______.A. people tend to travel by new airplanesB. the airplane has been improvedC. the change is found to be reasonableD. the service on the airplane is better than before59. According to the author, passengers would be happier if they ______.A. could fly in the latest model of reputable planesB. could get tickets at much lower pricesC. see the airlines make vital changes in their servicesD. could spend less time flying in the air60. When manufacturers have improved the performance of their products to a certain level, then it would be _____.A. justified for them to cut the priceB. unnecessary for them to make any new changesC. difficult and costly to further better themD. insignificant for them to cut down the research costs61. In the case of cars, the author urges that we______A. cancel the speed limitB. further improve their performanceC. improve their durabilityD. change models every two years 62 The author's criticism is probably based on the fact that______A. we have been persuaded to live an extravagant life todayB. many products we buy turn out to be substandard or inferiorC. inflation is becoming a big problem in the world todayD. people are wasting their money on trivial technological progressPassage ThreeRecent studies on the male-female wage gap predict that even though entry-level salaries for males and females in the same occupation are nearly equal because women's market skills have improved vastly, the chances of the overall gap closing in the foreseeable future are minimal. This is due to several factors that are likely to change very slowly, if at all. An important reason is that women are concentrated in occupation- service and clerical- that pay less than traditional male jobs .It is possible that more women than men in their twenties are hesitant to commit themselves to a year-round lifetime career or job for many reasons. There is lingering attitude on both the part of women and their employers that women are not cut out for certain jobs. Not only does this attitude channel women into lower-paying work, but it also serves to keep them from top management positions.Another significant factor in the widening wage gap between men and women after entering the work force, even in comparable jobs, is that women often drop out at critical points in their careers to have a family. Women still have the primary responsibility for child rearing; even if they continue to work, they often forgo overtime and promotions that would conflict with home responsibilities. The ages of 25 to 35 have been shown repeatedly to be the period when working consistently and hard is vital to advancement and job security. These are precisely the years when women are likely to have children and begin to slide away from men in earning power. Consequently, a woman's income is more likely to be seen as secondary to her husband's .63. According to recent studies on the male-female wage gap _____.A. there is much hope of narrowing the male-female wage gap in the near futureB. working women will have many opportunities to hold high-paying jobs in the near futureC. women's pay will still stay at a level below that of men in the near futureD. salaries for males and females in the same , occupation will be equal in the nearfuture64. Women are kept from top management positions partly because they______A. decide to devote themselves to certain lifetime jobs in their twentiesB. are inclined to rank family second to workC. tend to have more quarrels with ,their employersD. still take an incorrect attitude towards themselves65.Which of the following is implied in the passage as a partial reason for women's concentration in certain occupations?A. Social division of laborB. Social prejudice against themC. Employment lawsD. Physiological weakness66. The word "forge" in Paragraph 2 could best be replaced by______A. give upB. drop outC. throw awayD. cut out67. It can be inferred from the second paragraph that______A. men's jobs are subject to changeB. women tend to be employed off and on at the same jobC. men's chances of promotion are minimalD. women used to be employed ail the year round68. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Women's market skills have improved greatly.B. child care is still chiefly women's work .C. Women are typically employed in clerical and service jobs.D. Domestic duties no longer conflict with women's jobs.Passage FourIt seems that the life of a television reporter is fantastically admired by many people. But this is only one side of the coin. First, he never goes deeply into any one subject-he may be expert at mastering a brief in a short time and "getting up" a subject, but a week later he is on to the next subject, and a week later still he is on to the subject after that. He seldom grasps with a full-scale investigation any one thing. He has to be able to forget what he was working on a few weeks before, otherwise his mind would become messed up.Second, a reporter does not have anything lasting to show for what he does-there is no shelf of books, no studio full of paintings. He pours his life into something which flickers in shadows across a screen and is gone forever. I have seen people in many television jobs turn at the end of watching one of their own programs and say something like: "Well, that's all those days / weeks / months of work. Travel and worry sunk without trace." As a way of life it comes to seem like blowing bubbles- entertaining to do, and the bubbles numerous and pretty to look at, and all different, but all disappearing into thin air.Third, the pace of the life is too fast. Not only is it destructive of one's private life; one does not even have time to give proper consideration to the things one is professionally concerned with not enough time to think, not enough time to read, not enough time to write one's commentary, prepare one's interviews and so on. When one disengages from it and allows one's perceptions, thinking, reading and the rest to proceed at their natural pace one gets an altogether unfamiliar sense of solidity and well--being.Fourth, the reporter is at the mercy of events. A revolution breaks out in Cuba so he is off here on the next plane. Somebody shoots President Reagan so he drops everything he is doing and flies to Washington. He is like a puppet pulled by strings -- the strings of the world's affairs. He is not motivated from within. He does not decide for himself what he would like to do , where he would like to go, what he would like to work on . He is activated from without, and his whole life becomes a kind of reflex action, a series of high-pressure responses to external stimuli. He has ceased to exist as an independent personality.69. A TV reporter never makes an in-depth study of a subject because______A. he usually gets one side of the pictureB. the subjects that he has to attend to often switch from one to anotherC. he does not know how to develop it to its full-scaleD. that is the life that suits him70. It is implied but not stated that many people______A. know nothing about the work of a TV reporterB. think the life of a TV reporter dull and boringC. have a biased opinion against the job of a TV reporterD. tend to underestimate the hard part of being a TV reporter71. TV reporting, according to this passage , is something______A. profitable for a person to take upB. interesting to do but quick to fade outC. causing a person to forget his previous workD. producing a lasting effect72. A TV reporter is in most need of______A. being a master of his timeB. proper consideration of his professionC. a comfortable life of his ownD. disengaging himself from work73. The activities of a TV reporter are largely geared to______A. his motivationB. his working styleC. current affairsD. reflex to pressure74. The title of this passage would best be given as______A. What a TV Reporter Can and Cannot AccomplishB. The Sorrows of TV ProfessionalsC. The Confession of a TV ReporterD. The Drawbacks in the Life of a TV ReporterPassage FiveThe urge to explore is innate in Man. Wherever his imagination wanders, Man seeks also to go. A large part of history is concerned with the exploration of the world in which we live. Time and again men have set out with amazing courage and resolution to probe into unknown regions and lands. They crossed the seas in flimsy boats, traversed continents, scaled mountains, fought their way through jungles and swamps, endure untold hardships -- all to explore, to see what had not yet been seen, to make known the unknown. Nor did Man confine his movements to the surface of land and sea. With kites balloons and aircraft he left the ground to range through the lower atmosphere. Now outer space receives his attention.The hard way to answer the question, why should Man bother about conquering space, is to attempt to list the specific practical benefits that will result. One knows, from past experience in other areas, that Man will surely see and discover new things in space, that will increase our store of scientific knowledge, and this new knowledge will find its way into valuable practical uses. What we learn about Man himself, from his experience in space, and from the effects of space and the space flight environment on him, will be invaluable. The new techniques developed to carry out the exploration of space, and to keep men alive in space, will inevitably find their way into valuable practical uses in everyday living. The areas that will benefit are manifold. They include communications, generation of power, transportation and travel, food production, conservation of resources, navigation, human comfort and welfare, biology and medicine, materials, fuels and many others. But to state specifically just what the practical outcomes will be is virtually impossible.75. Exploration of the unknown______A. often results in Man's power of imaginationB. is not common throughout human historyC. is generally sought after by men with courage and strengthD. is deeply rooted in the instinct of Man76. Which of the following best sketches the process of Man's probe into the unknown world?A. Surface of the earth, the air and spaceB. Waters, mountains and forestsC. Waters, mountains and forestsD. Urge, imagination and courage77. The benefits of space exploration are basically something______A. well-specifiedB. hypotheticalC. practicalD. inevitable78. According to this passage, the value of exploring the outer space will ultimately lie in______A. its testimony Man's courage and resolutionB. the knowledge it may help us to gain about our earthC. the results it may bring about in the interests of ManD. Man's mastery of techniques to fly and stay alive in space79. From this passage we can conclude that Man should have confidence in exploring space because______A. we have directed our attention to the right object of studyB. we have accumulated experience from previous success to other fields.C. we have found the correct answer to the question of why Man should bother about conquering spaceD. we have already made it possible for people to benefit from his endeavor80. The idea express in this passage can be use in an argument ______A. in favor of criticism on space exploration.B. against spacing million of money on space argument.C. supported of paralleling man’s conquest with of space .D. to justify space exploration with its for reaching significant in life.PAPER TWOPART V TRANSLATION (40 MINUTES, 20 POINTS )Section A (20 minutes, l0 points)Directions: Put the following passage into Chinese. Write your Chinese version on Answer Sheet II.Many stories in the history of science show that chance plays a definite part in scientific discovery. However, a further analysis of these stories also reveals that chance alone is not sufficient for findings of primary importance. Scientific discovery also depends on how a scientist utilizes accidental opportunities. To ensure success, a scientist must, first of all, be able to react in a positive manner to unexpected and even apparently adverse results, taking them as stimulation for further investigation. Secondly, he must possess a superior power of observation to recognize the significance of those phenomena which often seem trivial and, therefore, may easily escape notice. This power of observation consists in a dual quality of' being sensitive to, and curious about, small accidental occurrences and of possessing a frame of reference capable of suggesting the true significance of those phenomena. Finally, he should be equipped with the capacity to plan and undertake careful and systematic experimentation.Section B (20 minutes, 10 points)Directions: Put the following passage into English. Write your English version in the proper space on Answer Sheet II.为了解决人类在发展过程中出现的较为难以解决的问题，全球范围内最优秀的科学家，有必要开展有效的合作。

【导语】以下是整理的2016年12⽉英语四级真题及答案解析（三套完整版），希望对⼤家备考有所帮助。

【作⽂】 innovation创新 Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on innovation. Your essay should include the importance of innovation and measures to be taken to encourage innovation/creation/invention. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. 参考范⽂： In today's highly competitive world, innovation matters enormously to an organization or a country. It is the driving force behind increased competitiveness. Take growing a successful business as an example. In this day and age, social media are gaining popularity among the general public. A company that only relies on traditional media doing its marketing is more likely to get eliminated in the digital era. Put in another way, a company with its focus on social media to boost its brand recognition stands a better chance of standing out from the crowd. Clearly, innovation is a vital contributing factor to business success. What can be done to encourage innovation? To name only a few: Above all, a business or a country should strive to build a corporate culture or a social climate that values innovation. Second, anyone who participates in the innovation process should be rewarded. Third, we are in urgent need of an education system that stresses innovation over mechanical learning. Simply put, innovation is an important force that pushes our society forward. creation创造 Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on creation. Your essay should include the importance of innovation and measures to be taken to encourage innovation/creation/invention. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. 参考范⽂： It is universally acknowledged that innovation refers to being creative, unique and different. In fact, today it is impossibly difficult for us to image a 21st century without innovation. We should place a high value on innovation firstly because innovative spirit can enable an individual to ameliorate himself, so he can be equipped with capacity to see what others cannot see, be qualified for future career promotion, and be ready for meeting the forthcoming challenges. What’s more, we ought to attach importance to the role played by innovation in economic advancement. Put it another way, in this ever-changing world, innovation to economic growth is what water is to fish. To sum up, if innovation misses our attention in any possible way, we will suffer a great loss beyond imagination. In order to encourage innovation, it is wise for us to take some feasible measures. For example, mass media should greatly publicize the significance of creative spirit and encourage the public to cultivate awareness of innovation. Besides, those who manage to innovate should be awarded generous prize. Though there is a long way ahead to go, I am firmly certain that the shared efforts will be paid off. 【参考译⽂】 众所周知创新意味着有创造⼒，独⼀⽆⼆和不同。

2021年6月大学英语六级真题Part Ⅰ Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Certificate Craze. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below.1．现在许多人热衷于各类证书考试2．其目的各不相同3．在我看来……The Certificate Craze注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。

Minority ReportAmerican universities are accepting more minorities than ever. Graduating them is another matter.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

1. What is the author's main concern about American higher education?A) The small proportion of minority students.B) The low graduation rates of minority students.C) The growing conflicts among ethnic groups.D) The poor academic performance of students.2. What was the pride of President Barry Mills of Bowdoin College?A) The prestige of its liberal arts programs.B) Its ranking among universities in Maine.C) The high graduation rates of its students.D) Its increased enrollment of minority students.3. What is the risk facing America?A) Its schools will be overwhelmed by the growing number of illegal immigrants.B) The rising generation will be less well educated than the previous one.C) More poor and non-white students will be denied access to college.A) Fifty-six percent. C) Fifteen percent.B) Thirty-nine percent. D) Sixty-seven percent.5. Harvard, Yale, and Princeton show almost no gap between black and white graduation rates mainly because .A) their students work harder C) their classes are generally smallerB) they recruit the best students D) they give students more attention6. How does Amy Wilkins of the Education Trust view minority students' failure to get a degree?A) Universities are to blame.B) Students don't work hard.C) The government fails to provide the necessary support.D) Affirmative action should be held responsible.7. Why do some students drop out after a year or two according to the author?A) They have lost confidence in themselves.B) They cannot afford the high tuition.C) They cannot adapt to the rigor of the school.D) They fail to develop interest in their studies.8. To tackle the problem of graduation gap, the University of Wisconsin-Madison helps minority students get over the stereotype that _______.9. For years, private colleges such as Princeton and MIT have provided minority students with _______ during the summer before freshman year.10. Washington and Lee University is cited as an example to show that the gap of graduation rates between whites and minorities can _______.Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the correspond ing letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

In this part, I mainly is hierarchical, and distinguished teaching. Specific steps are as follows:1. In the front, on the basis of cognitive readiness, lead the students to do the up and down game, repeated several times until they feel tired, and asked "What 's the matter?" Leads to the word "tired" of learning, to make the students master the words in the sentence pattern, especially strengthen the reading practice word tired, make the students master the words in the existing cognitive level. This design accords with the cognitive law of students, break through the difficulty.2. Show me the other said a few words of feeling, and let the students to read, spell and collective, freedom, read the initial form of contact with new words, and use the "What 's the matter?" Sentences to ask questions of the feeling adjectives on the blackboard, use body movements to feel said out at the same time, the design, let the students in learning knowledge at the same time, the body move, break the classroom silence, at the same time also let they really understand the meaning of this class a few adjectives, and accurately.3. Based on the principle of exploratory teaching, in this section, first show me the book CPart of the wall charts, lets the student for each dialogue in the first picture, with more sentences for conversation practice. Then, please according to the chart of feeling said, with "Here... for you" sentence to provide the corresponding help. In the end, the students with questions, please think seriously about how to questions regarding the single and plural. To explore the answers in the whole process, the students understood the main。

2015年12月大学英语六级考试真题（第二套）Part IDirections:Writing (30 minutes)For this part, you are allowed 90 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should focus on the difficulty in acquiring useful information in spite of advanced information technology. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear some questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Conversation OneQuestions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A) Touch his heart. C) Remind him of his life.B) Make him cry. D) Make him feel young.2. A) It makes him exciting. C) It catches his attention.B) It isn’t very musical. D) It is hard for him to sing.3. A) He is good at singing operas. C) He can sing any song if he likes it.B) He enjoys complicated music. D) He loves country music in particular.4. A) Go to a bar and drink for horns. C) Go to see a performance in a concert hail.B) Go to an isolated place to sing blues. D) Go to work and wrap himself up in music. Conversation TwoQuestions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. A) How he became an announcer. C) How he makes his living.B) How he writes news stories. D) How he does his job.6. A) They write the first version of news stories. C) They polish incoming news stories.B) They gather news stories on the spot. D) They write comments on major news stories.7. A) Reading through the news stories in a given period of time.B) Having little time to read the news before going on the air.C) Having to change the tone of his voice from time to time.D) Getting all the words and phrases pronounced correctly.8. A) It shows where advertisements come in. C) It alerts him to something important.B) It gives a signal for him to slow down. D) It serves as a reminder of sad news.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B),C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single linethrough the centre.Passage OneQuestions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9. A) It gives pleasure to both adults and children. C) It can be found in many parts of the world.B) It is often carried around by small children. D) It was invented by an American Indian.10. A) They were made for earning a living.B) They were delicate geometric figures.C) They were small circus figures made of wire.D) They were collected by a number of museums.11. A) In art.B) In geometry.C) In engineering.D) In circus performance.Passage TwoQuestions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12. A) It is mostly imported from the Middle East.B) It is a sure indicator of its economic activity.C) It has a direct impact on the international oil market.D) It equals more than 30 million barrels of oil each day.13. A) It eventually turns into heat.B) It is used in a variety of forms.C) Its use is chiefly responsible for air pollution.D) Part of it is lost in the process of transmission.14. A) When it is used in rural areas.B) When it is environment-friendly.C) When it operates at near capacity.D) When it operates at regular times.15. A) Traffic jams in cities.B) Inefficient use of energy.C) Fuel shortage.D) Global warming.Section CDirections: In this section. you will hear recordings of lectures or talks followed by some questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Now listen to the following recording and answer questions 16 to 19.16. A) It is caused by stress from work or study.B) It has a great impact on people’s life.C) It results in some strange diseases nowadays.D) It gives people lots of trouble at work.17. A) Talk about it. C) Ignore it.B) Immerse ourselves in it. D) Shut it down.18. A) To release the negative emotion. C) To feel more comfortable.B) To relax ourselves. D) To have a short break.19. A) Looking down upon it. C) Giving it space and attention.B) Doing something else. D) Getting some amusement.Now listen to the following recording and answer questions 20 to 22.20. A) Stand up for themselves. C) Contribute more to the company.B) Never laugh at their workmates. D) Get close to their bosses.21. A) They are indifferent to their employees.B) They focus on the finished projects.C) They don’t know everybody in the company.D) They hate to see employees show off their work.22. A) People start repeating their achievements.B) People ask for rewards for their achievements.C) People look down upon their colleagues.D) People attract the attention of their bosses on purpose.Now listen to the following recording and answer questions 23 to 25.23. A) A primary school education and some secondary school.B) Basic skills they need to escape from poverty.C) Governments and many donors? support.D) The skills necessary to operate a business.24. A) The skills in numeracy and the ability to read and write.B) A bridge between school and work.C) The completion of the first few years of schooling.D) A process of remembering something by repeating it.25. A) Going to south of the Sahara Desert. C) Receiving training from skilled workers.B) Getting opportunities to learn through TV. D) Organizing system for women.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank isidentified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.According to a report from the Harvard School of Public Health, many everyday products, including some bug sprays and cleaning fluids, could lead to an increased risk of brain and behavioral disorders in children. The developing brain, the report says, is particularly 26 to the toxic effects of certain chemicals these products may contain, and the damage they cause can be 27. The official policy, however, is still evolving. Health and environmental 28 have long urged U. S. government agencies to 29 the use of some of the 11 chemicals the report cites and called for more studies on their long-term effects. In 2001, for example, the Environmental Protection Agency 30the type and amount of lead that could be present in paint and soil in homes and child-care 31, after concerns were raised about lead poisoning. The agency is now 32 the toxic effects of some of the chemicals in the latest report. But the threshold for regulation is high. Because children’s brain and behavioral disorders, like hyperactivity and lower grades, can also be linked to social and genetic factors, it’s tough to pin them on exposure to specific chemicals with solid 33 evidence, which is what the EPA requires. Even the Harvard study did not prove a direct 34but noted strong associations between exposure and risk of behavioral issues. Nonetheless, it’s smart to 35 caution. While it may be impossible to prevent kids from drinking tap water that may contain trace amounts of chemicals, keeping kids away from lawns recently sprayed with chemicals and freshly dry-cleaned clothes can’t hurt. .A) advocatesB) compactC) correlationD) exerciseE) facilitiesF) interactionG) investigatingH) overwhelmedI) particlesJ) permanentK) restrictedL) simulatingM) statisticalN) tightenO) vulnerableSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.The Impossibility of Rapid Energy Transitions[A] Politicians are fond of promising rapid energy transitions. Whether it is a transition from imported to domestic oil or from coal-powered electricity production to natural-gas power plants, politicians love to talk big. Unfortunately for them (and often the taxpayers), our energy systems are a bit like an aircraft carrier: they are unbelievably expensive, they are built to last for a very long time, they have a huge amount of inertia (meaning it takes a lot of energy to set them moving), and they have a lot of momentum once they are set in motion. No matter how hard you try, you can’t turn something that large on a dime (10美分的硬币), or even a few thousand dimes.[B] In physics, moving objects have two characteristics relevant to understanding the dynamics of energy systems: inertia and momentum. Inertia is the resistance of objects to efforts to change their state of motion. If you try to push a boulder (大圆石), it pushes you back. Once you have started the boulder rolling, it develops momentum, which is defined by its mass and velocity. Momentum is said to be “conserved,” that is, once you build it up, it has to go somewhere. So a heavy object, like a football player moving at a high speed, has a lot of momentum that is, once he is moving, it is hard to change his state of motion. If you want to change his course, you have only a few choices: you can stop him, transferring (possiblypainfully) some of his kinetic energy(动能) to your own body, or you can approach alongside and slowly apply pressure to gradually alter his course.[C] But there are other kinds of momentum as well. After all, we don’t speak only of objects or people as having momentum; we speak of entire systems having momentum. Whether it’s a sports team or a presidential campaign, everybody relishes having the big momentum, because it makes them harder to stop or change direction.[D] One kind of momentum is technological momentum. When a technology is deployed, its impacts reach far beyond itself. Consider the incandescent (白炽灯的) bulb, an object currently hated by many environmentalists and energy-efficiency advocates. The incandescent light bulb, invented by Thomas Edison, which came to be the symbol of inspiration, has been developed into hundreds, if not thousands, of forms. Today, a visit to a lighting store reveals a stunning array of choices. There are standard-shaped bulbs, flame-shaped bulbs, colored globe-shaped bulbs, and more. It is quite easy, with all that choice, to change a light bulb.[E] But the momentum of incandescent lighting does not stop there. All of those specialized bulbs led to the building of specialized light fixtures, from the desk lamp you study by, to the ugly but beloved hand-painted Chinese lamp you inherited from your grandmother, to the ceiling fixture in your closet, to the light in your oven or refrigerator, and to the light that the dentist points at you. It is easy to change a light bulb, sure, but it is harder to change the bulb and its fixture.[F] And there is more to the story, because not only are the devices that house incandescent bulbs shaped to their underlying characteristics, but rooms and entire buildings have been designed in accordance with how incandescent lighting reflects off walls and windows.[G] As lighting expert Howard Brandston points out, “generally, there are no bad light sources, only bad applications.” There are some very commendable characteristics of the CFL [compact Fluorescent(荧光的) light bulb], yet the selection of any light source remains inseparable from the luminaire (照明设备) that houses it, along with the space in which both are installed, and lighting requirements that need to be satisfied. The lamp, the fixture, and the room, all three must work in concert for the true benefits of end-users. If the CFL should be used for lighting a particular space, or an object within that space, the fixture must bedesigned to work with that lamp, and that fixture with the room. It is a symbiotic (共生的) relationship. A CFL cannot be simply installed in an incandescent fixture and then expected to produce a visual appearance that is more than washed out, foggy, and dim. The whole fixture must be replaced light source and luminaire and this is never an inexpensive proposition.[H] And Brandston knows a thing or two about lighting, being the man who illuminated the Statue of Liberty.[I] Another type of momentum we have to think about when planning for changes hi our energy systems is labor-pool momentum. It is one thing to say that we are going to shift 30 percent of our electricity supply from, say, coal to nuclear power in 20 years. But it is another thing to have a supply of trained talent that could let you carry out this promise. That is because the engineers, designers, regulators, operators, and all of the other skilled people needed for the new energy industry are specialists who have to be trained first (or retrained, if they are the ones being laid off in some related industry), and education, like any other complicated endeavor, takes time. And not only do our prospective new energy workers have to be trained, they have to be trained in the right sequence. One needs the designers, and perhaps the regulators, before the builders and operators, and each group of workers in training has to know there is work waiting beyond graduation. In some cases, colleges and universities might have to change their training programs, adding another layer of difficulty.[J] By far the biggest type of momentum that comes into play when it comes to changing our energy systems is economic momentum. The major components of our energy systems, such as fuel production, refining, electrical generation and distribution, are costly installations that have lengthy life spans. They have to operate for long periods of time before the costs of development have been recovered. When investors put up money to build, say, a nuclear power plant, they expect to earn that money back over the planned life of the plant, which is typically between 40 arid 60 years. Some coal power plants in the United States have operated for more than 70 years! The oldest continuously operated commercial hydro-electric plant in the United States is on New York’s Hudson River, and it went into commercial service in 1898.[K] As Vaclav Smil points out, “All the forecasts, plans, and anticipations cited above have failed so miserably because their authors and promoters thought the transitions theyhoped to implement would proceed unlike all previous energy transitions, and that their progress could be accelerated in an unprecedented manner.”[L] When you hear people speaking of making a rapid transition toward any type of energy, whether it is a switch from coal to nuclear power, or a switch from gasoline-powered cars to electric cars, or even a switch from an incandescent to a fluorescent light, understanding energy system inertia and momentum can help you decide whether their plans are feasible.36. Not only moving objects and people but all systems have momentum.37. Changing the current energy system requires the systematic training of professionals and skilled labor.38. Changing a light bulb is easier than changing the fixture housing it.39. Efforts to accelerate the current energy transitions didn’t succeed as expected.40. To change the light source is costly because you have to change the whole fixture.41. Energy systems, like an aircraft carrier set in motion, have huge momentum.42. The problem with lighting, if it arises, often doesn’t lie in light sources but in their applications.43. The biggest obstacle to energy transition is that the present energy system is too expensive to replace.44. The application of a technology can impact areas beyond itself.45. Physical characteristics of moving objects help explain the dynamics of energy systems.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.One hundred years ago, “colored” was the typical way of referring to Americans of African descent. Twenty years later, it was purposefully dropped to make way for Negro.? Bythe late 1960s, that term was overtaken by “Black.” And then, at a press conference in Chicago in 1988, Jesse Jackson declared that “African American” was the term to embrace. This one was chosen because it echoed the labels of groups, such as “Italian Americans” and “Irish Americans,” that had already been freed of widespread discrimination.A century’s worth of calculated name changes point to the fact that naming any group is a politically freighted exercise. A 2001 study cataloged all the ways in which the term “Black” carried connotations (涵义) that were more negative than those of “African American”.But if it was known that “Black” people were viewed differently from “African Americans,” researchers, until now, hadn’t identified what that gap in perception was derived from. A recent study, conducted by Emory University抯Erika Hall, found that 揃lack? people are viewed more negatively than “African Americans” because of a perceived difference in socioeconomic status. As a result, “Black” people are thought of as less competent and as having colder personalities.The study’s most striking findings shed light on the racial biases permeating the professional world. Even seemingly harmless details on a resume, it appears, can tap into recruiters’ biases. A job application might mention affiliations with groups such as the “Wisconsin Association of African- American Lawyers” or the “National Black Employees Association,” the names of which apparently have consequences, and are also beyond their members’control.In one of the study’s experiments, subjects were given a brief description of a man from Chicago with the last name Williams. To one group, he was identified as “African-American,” and another was told he was “Black.” With little else to go on, they were asked to estimate Mr. Williams’s salary, professional standing, and educational background.The “African-American” group estimated that he earned about $ 37,000 a year and had a two-year college degree. The “Black” group, on the other hand, put his salary at about $ 29,000, and guessed that he had only “some” college experience. Nearly three-quarters of the first group guessed that Mr. Williams worked at a managerial level, while only 38. 5 percent of the second group thought so.Hall’s findings suggest there’s an argument to be made for electing to use “African American,” though one can’t help but get the sense that it’s a decision that papers over theurgency of continued progress. Perhaps a new phrase is needed, one that can bring everyone one big step closer to realizing Du Bois’s original, idealistic hope: “It’s not the name------it’s the Thing that counts.”46. Why did Jesse Jackson embrace the term “African American” for people of African descent?A) It is free from racial biases.B) It represents social progress.C) It is in the interest of common Americans.D) It follows the standard naming practice.47. What does the author say about the naming of an ethnic group?A) It advances with the times. C) It merits intensive study.B) It is based on racial roots. D) It is politically sensitive.48. What do Erika Hall’s findings indicate?A) Racial biases are widespread in the professional world.B) Many applicants don’t attend to details on their resume.C) Job seekers should all be careful about their affiliations.D) Most recruiters are unable to control their racial biases.49.What does Erika Hall find in her experiment about a man with the last name Williams?A) African Americans fare better than many other ethnic groups.B) Black people’s socioeconomic status in America remains low.C) People’s conception of a person has much to do with the way he or she is labeled.D) One’s professional standing and income are related to their educational background.50. What is Dr. Du Bois’s ideal?A) All Americans enjoy equal rights.B) A person is judged by their worth.C) A new term is created to address African Americans.D) All ethnic groups share the nation’s continued progress.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Across the board, American colleges and universities are not doing a very good job of preparing their students for the workplace or their post-graduation lives. This was made clear by the work of two sociologists, Richard Arum and Josipa Roksa. In 2011 they released a landmark study titled “Academically Adrift,” which documented the lack of intellectual growth experienced by many people enrolled in college. In particular, Arum and Roksa found, college students were not developing the critical thinking, analytic reasoning and other higher-level skills that are necessary to thrive in today’s knowledge-based economy and to lead our nation in a time of complex challenges and dynamic change.Arum and Roksa placed the blame for students? lack of learning on a watered-down college curriculum and lowered undergraduate work standards. Although going to college is supposed to be a full-time job, students spent, on average, only 12 to 14 hours a week studying and many were skating through their semesters without doing a significant amount of reading and writing. Students who take more challenging classes and spend more time studying do learn more. But the priorities of many undergraduates are with extracurricular activities, playing sports, and partying and socializing.Laura Hamilton, the author of a study on parents who pay for college, will argue in a forthcoming book that college administrations are overly concerned with the social and athletic activities of their students. In Paying for the Party, Hamilton describes what she calls the “party pathway”, which eases many students through college, helped along by various clubs that send students into the party scene and a host of easier majors. By sanctioning this watered-down version of college, universities are “catering to the social and educational needs of wealthy students at the expense of others” who won’t enjoy the financial backing or social connections of richer students once they graduate.These students need to build skills and knowledge during college if they are to use their degrees as a stepping-stone to middle-class mobility. But more privileged students must not waste this opportunity either. As recent graduates can testify, the job market isn’t kind to candidates who can’t demonstrate genuine competence, along with a well-cultivated willingness to work hard. Nor is the global economy forgiving of an American workforce with increasingly weak literacy, math and science abilities. College graduates will still fare better than those with only a high school education, of course. But a university degreeunaccompanied by a gain in knowledge or skills is an empty achievement indeed. For students who have been coasting through college, and for American universities that have been demanding less work, offering more attractions and charging higher tuition, the party may soon be over.51. What is Arurn and Roksa’s finding about higher education in America?A) It aims at stimulating the intellectual curiosity of college students.B) It fails to prepare students to face the challenges of modem times.C) It has experienced dramatic changes in recent years.D) It has tried hard to satisfy students? various needs.52. What is responsible for the students? lack of higher-level skills? .A) The diluted college curriculum. C) The absence of rigorous discipline.B) The boring classroom activities. D) The outdated educational approach.53. What does Laura Hamilton say about college administrations?A) They fail to give adequate help to the needy students.B) They tend to offer too many less challenging courses.C) They seem to be out of touch with society.D) They prioritize non-academic activities.54. What can be learned about the socially and financially privileged students?A) They tend to have a sense of superiority over their peers.B) They can afford to choose easier majors in order to enjoy themselves.C) They spend a lot of time building strong connections with businesses.D) They can climb the social ladder even without a degree.55. What does the author suggest in the last paragraph?A) American higher education has lost its global competitiveness.B) People should not expect too much from American higher education.C) The current situation in American higher education may not last long.D) It will take a long time to change the current trend in higher education.Part lv Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.最近，中国政府决定将其工业升级：中国现在涉足建造高速列车、远洋船舶、机器人，甚至飞机。

大学英语六级真题Part I Writing (30 minutes)注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Due Attention Should Be Given to the Study of Chinese. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:1.近年来在学生中出现了忽视中文学习现象；2.出现这种现象原因和后果；3.我认为…Due Attention Should Be Given to the Study of ChineseAlmost no one in China can have failed to notice the fact that a number of students pay little attention to the study of Cheese nowadays. Taking a look around, one can find examples too many to list: some refuse to go to Chinese classes, some read few Chinese classics and some rarely write in Chinese。

A number of factors can account for such phenomenon, but the following might be the critical ones. For one thing, the craze for learning English affect, to some degree, students’ passion for the study of their native language. For another, the increasing emphasis on some so-called “practical subjects” closely related to th e pursuit for jobs also cut into students’ time and energy spent on the study of Chinese。

专升本模拟题Part I Listening comprehension (15%)Section ADirection: In this section, you will hear ten short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a questing will be asked about what was said. Bothe the conversation and the question will be spoken twice. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.1. A. He wants the others to follow him. B. He must study the animal he caught.C. He is behind in his school work.D. He will catch up with them2. A. He refused to drive her B. He is glad to drive herC. He forgot his driver’s licenseD. He has a new car3. A. On the grass B. In the pool C. At home D. On his bike4. 5 years B. 100 years C. 90 years D. 105 years5. A. The realization of expectationsB. The possibility of reaching the expectationC. The ability to handle the boatD. The stress from parents6. A. Freshmen and their parents’ fears B. Parents problemsC. Parents’ dreamD. The start f college7. A. He is seeking a political position B. He is interviewed on TVC. He is watching TVD. He is taking part in the election8. A. She missed her friendsB. She thinks she is catching another coldC. She likes tomato sauce on everything she eats.D. She has a lot of work to make up9. A. The modern art prints are too expensive.B. He really appreciates the woman’s gift.C. He hops the woman likes modern art.D. People who enjoy modern art would like the prints10. A. They didn’t sing as well as they shouldB. They should have arrived earlier for the performance.C. It is a pity that they didn’t try their bestD. It is unlucky that they didn’t win the first prizeSection BDirection: In this section, you will hear tow short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Bothe the passage and the questions will be spoken twice. After you hear a question, you must choice the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Question 11 and 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A. the climate varies a little all over the United StatesB. The climate varies a lot in the United StatesC. There is no variation in climate in the United StatesD. The climate is very pleasant all the year round12. A. It is cold in winter and hot in summerB. It is warm in winter and comfortably cool in summerC. It is warm in winter and unpleasantly hot in summerD. It is neither cold nor hot all the year round13. A. They grew them by themselvesB. They get them by shipsC. They get them by airplanesD. They get them by trucks and trainsQuestion 14 and 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A. At a bus stop B. At a crossroadsC. At the side of the roadD. At the library15. A. It was a foreign car B. The engine looked very badC. There were not proper toolsD. He did not know anything about the car at all.Part II Vocabulary and StructureDirection: There are number of incomplete sentences in the part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the One answer that best completes the sentence. The marked the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line across the center. (10%, 20×0.5 point)16. Ann never dreams of ___ for her to be sent abroad very soon.A. there being a chanceB. there to be a chanceC. there be a chanceD. being a chance17. When he realized the police had spotted him, the man ___ the exit as quickly as possible.A. made offB. made forC. made outD. made up18. It is time that he ___ his plan right away.A. carries outB. had carried outC. would carry outD. carried out19. The child was ____ to open the refrigerator door.A. barely tall enoughB. barely enough tallC. tall barely enoughD. enough barely tall20. He found a number of men already _____.A. workedB. workC. to workD. working21. We must begin testing this instrument no matter ___ difficult it is.A. howeverB. howC. whateverD. what22. The car was repaired but not quite to my ____.A. joyB. pleasureC. attractionD. satisfaction23. I haven’t seen him _____.A. since last weekB. last weekC. from last weekD. during last week24. There has not been a great response to the sale, ____?A. is thereB. does thereC. will thereD. has there25. What you say is, in a _____, true but I should express it differently.A. senseB. meaningC. conceptD. significance.26. The security of the passengers is supposed to be seen ____ by the captain.A. toB. ofC. inD. over27. When ____ the power station will have nine 70,000 KW generators.A. is completedB. completedC. being completedD. having completed28. The French pianist who had been praise very highly ___ to be a great disappointment.A. turned upB. turned inC. turned downD. turned out29. Only under special circumstances ___ to take make-up tests.A. are freshmen permittedB. permitted are freshmenC. freshmen are permittedD. are permitted freshmen30. Dick usually looks forward to ____ from her.A. hearB. be heardC. hearingD. have heard31. ____, the twins, having identical brains, would have roughly the same intelligence.A. To give equal opportunitiesB. Being given equal opportunitiesC. Given equal opportunitiesD. Equal opportunities given32. Such is the length of the bridge ___ the shape of the earth had to be taken into account by its designer.A. so thatB. soC. and soD. that33. _____that book a second time and you will probably have quite different interpretation of the events described in it.A. ReadB. As you readC. ReadingD. While reading34. The relief agencies have promised to do all ___ lies in their power to bring food to the starving population.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. as35. The speaker’s voice was so low she could hardly hear him, and ____.A. neither could IB. hardly could IC. so could ID. I could hardly, eitherPart III Reading ComprehensionDirection: There are several passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and marked the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single lien through the center (40%, 20×2 points)Question 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:Cars of 2050 will travel the nation’s highways in never-before-dream-of safety, comfort and convenience. These cars will float along never touching the ground and therefore will have no need for wheels.Annoying highway vibrations, caused by the rotations of the disc-and-tire-wheels, will be things of the past. The coming highway passenger cars will literally fly above the road, supported on columns of air compressed by turning-driven(涡轮驱动的) fans.The car without wheels has been called a “flying car”, and, in a sense, that’s just what it is, however, it will not back out of the family garage, start down the street, and then suddenly go quickly upward heading for some distant point. On the contrary, to avoid problems in aerial navigation, the wheelless vehicle probably will travel no more than three inches above road surface. It will travel over fairly rough road and even over smooth water!The inevitable problems of maritime(水上的) regulations, severe weather conditions, and running out of fuel in remote areas all will require new concepts of operation, servicing and vehicle regulation.36. The author believes that cars of the future _____.A. will be replaced by airplanesB. will have wheels unlike those of todayC. will use columns of air instead of wheelsD. will use wheels without tires37. Cars of the future will run ____.A. without annoying noiseB. without fuelC. much more smoothlyD. on a number of fans38. The car without wheels has been called a “flying car” because ___.A. it travels a few inches above the groundB. it can fly as a plane doesC. it moves at a very high speedD. it can travel over smooth water39. Where is a wheelless car LEAST fit to travel?A. Over soft land `B. Over rough country roadC. Over highwaysD. Over waterfalls40. Wheelless cars will _____.A. eliminate all traffic problemsB. create new traffic problemsC. eliminate parking problemsD. Both A and CQuestion 41 to 45 are based on the following passage:About 70 million Americans are trying to lose weight. That is almost I out of every 3 people in the United States. Some people go on diets. This means they eat less of certain foods, especially fats and sugars. Other people exercise with special equipment, take diet pills, or even have surgery. Losing weight is hard work, and it can also cost a lot of money. So why do so many people in the United States want to lose weight?Many people in the United States worry about not looking young and attractive. For many people, looking good also means being thin. Other people worry about their health. Many doctors say being overweight is not healthy. But are Americans really fat?Almost 30 million American weigh at least 20 percent more than their ideal weight. In fact, the United States is the most overweight country in the world. “The stored fat of adult Americans weighs 2.3 trillion pounds.” Says University of Massachusetts anthropologist(人类学家) George Armelagos. He says burning off that stored energy would produce enough power for 900,000 cars to go 12,000 miles.Losing weight is hard work, but most people want to find a fast and easy way to take off fat. Bookstores sell lots of diet books. These books tell readers how to lose weight. Each year, dozens of new books like these are written. Each one promises to get rid of fat.41. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way of losing weight?A. To eat less fats and sugarsB. To take much exerciseC. To have surgeryD. To work hard42. Many Americans are trying to lose weight because ____.A. they want to look attractiveB. they want t keep fitC. they are misled by doctorsD. both A and B43. The figures given in the third paragraph suggest that ____.A. Americans are dependent on carsB. cars consumer a lot of energyC. Americans need losing weightD. excess of fat can be a source of energy44. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ____.A. diet books are not always effectiveB. diet books are usually helpfulC. there are lots of ways of losing weightD. bookstores are keeping their promises45. It can be concluded form the passage that ____.A. people think too much of their appearanceB. there is not a sure way of losing weight as yetC. surgery is the fastest way of losing weightD. going on diet is a safe way of losing weightQuestion 46 to 50 are based on the following passage:Modern mass-production methods lower the cost of making goods and this give us better values. At the same time, American ingenuity(独创性)and science are constantly at work, improving the quality of products. In this way, better quality products at good values are continually being brought to the people of all income groups.As an example of how this works, when facial tissues (面巾纸) were first put on the market in 1924, they were made in limited quantities and sold at 65 cents per box of 200. People like these facial tissues immediately and began asking for them when they went into different stores. Because there was such a demand for the product, manufacturers began making tissues in larger and larger quantities. Because the manufacturers were making tissues in greater quantities, their production costs were lowered, so that the cost of tissues went down. IN the meanwhile, the quality of facial tissues was constantly improving, because more manufacturers went into business of making tissues, and each manufacturer strove to make his product better than his competitors’. Today, instead of costing 65 cents, a box of 200 tissues costs around one-third of that price, and they are both softer and stronger.When people are free to compete---when they are free to make more things and make them better---everyone benefits.46. In regard to the production of goods in greater quantities, the author states that ___.A. the price of the goods should dropB. the quality of the goods should improveC. the price and quality should both riseD. the quality should rise and the price should drop47. When the demand for facial tissues increased _____.A. the supply was quickly exhaustedB. its price went upC. the manufacturers tried to improve its qualityD. more manufacturers went into the business of making tissues48. Improved quality of facial tissues resulted from _____.A. mass-production methodsB. popular demand for a better productC. a decrease in production costsD. competition among manufacturers49. According to the passage we can see that lower prices and better quality occur ____.A. as a result of the effect of one on the otherB. always at the same timeC. independently of each otherD. when the demand exceeds the supply50. The author believe that in a nation where free enterprise(自由企业制) exists, manufacturers will produce ____.A. as much as they likeB. better quality merchandise (商品)C. more than they are able to sellD. both A and BQuestion 51 to 55 are based on the following passage:For any Englishman, there can never be any discussion as to who is the world’s greatest dramatist. Only one name can possibly suggest itself to him: that of William Shakespeare. Every Englishman has some knowledge, however slight, of the work of our greatest writer. All of us use words, phrases and quotations form Shakespeare’s writing that have become part of the common property of English-speaking people. Most of the time we are probably part of the common unaware of the source of the words we use, rather like the old lady who was taken to see a performance of Hamlet and complained that it was full of well-known proverbs and quotations.Shakespeare，more perhaps than any other writer，makes full use of the great resources of the English language. Most of us use about five thousand words in our normal employment of English；Shakespeare in his works used about twenty-five thousand！There is probably no better way for a foreigner to appreciate the richness and variety of the English language than by studying the various ways in which Shakespeare uses it. Such a study is well worth the effort （it is not，of course，recommended to beginners），even though some aspects of English usage，and the meaning of many words，have changed since Shakespeare’s day.51. English people_____A. have never discussed who is the world’s greatest poet and dramatistB. never discuss about the world’s greatest poet or dramatistC. are sure who is the world’s greatest poet and dramatistD. do not care who is the world’s greatest poet and dramatist52. Every Englishman knows _____.A. more or less about ShakespeareB. Shakespeare, but only slightlyC. all Shakespeare’s writingsD. only the mane of the greatest English writer53. Which of the following is true?A. We use all the words, phrases and quotations from Shakespeare’s writingsB. Shakespeare’s writings have become the property of those who are learning to speak English.C. It is likely to be true that people often do not know the origin of the word they useD. All the words people use are taken from the writing of Shakespeare54. What is Hamlet?A. A play written by ShakespeareB. A play recommended by ShakespeareC. A play appreciated by ShakespeareD. A play people have been complaining about55. Why is it worthwhile to study the various ways in which Shakespeare used English?A. English words have changed a lot since Shakespeare’s timeB. By doing so one can be fully aware of the richness of the English languageC. English words are now being used in the same way as in Shakespeare’s timeD. None of the abovePart IV ClozeDirection: There are a number of blanks in the following passage. For each blank there a re four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the One that best fits into the passage. The mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. (10%, 10×1 point)Most dog owners are so sentimental about their pets that they spoil them byMost dog owners are so sentimental about their pets that they spoil them by (56) them have their own way all the time．They make absurd（荒缪的）claims about their intelligence，and (57) to believe that dogs could do any harm．It is no use (58) them，either，that city life does not suit the breed they have chosen and it would be better if they (59) picked something smaller．There are other animal lovers，however，who argue that large dogs should be banned from cities for the (60) of their health．Recently I read about a coach dog that was living near a big park，and the vet(兽医) that it was taken to（61）it was ill had a house not far off．One day，the dog woke up with a had leg. When its owner took it (62) a walk，it limped painfully beside him (63) the park but then pulled its owner across the road. The owner followed it along several streets until it (64) the vet’s house，where it held (65) its injured foot and waited patiently for attention．56．A. asking B. seeing C. letting D．expecting57．A. deny B. insist C. cease D．refuse58．A. to say B. to tell C. saying D．telling59．A. have B. had C. would have D．should have60．A. help B. profit C. sake D．safety61．A. when B. as C. while D. since62. A. with B. for C. about D. on63. A. as far as B. as much as C. as long as D. as well as64. A. went B. got C. arrived D. reached65. A. off B. down C. up D. againstPart V Sentence TranslationDirection: the following sentences are underlined in the reading passages. Translate them into Chinese and write down your answers on Answer Sheet. (10%, 4×2.5 points)66. On the contrary, to avoid problems in serial navigation, the wheelless vehicle probably will travel no more than three inches above road surface.67. Losing weight is hard work, and it can also cost a lot of money. So why do so many people in the United States want to lose weight?68. Today, instead of costing 65 cents, a box of 200 tissues costs around one-third of that price, and they are both softer and stronger.69. All of us use words, phrases and quotations form Shakespeare’s writing that have become partof the common property of English-speaking people.Part VI Essay WritingDirection: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition of about 100 words according to the following topic. Your composition should be written on the Answer sheet. (15%). Saving the Earth1.如何保护环境已成为世界最大难题之一。

Model TestPart Ⅰ Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On Paying back Student Loans. You should write at least 150 words following the outline givenbelow.1. 现今，在高校有许多大学生通过助学贷款完成自己的学业2. 但是有些学生毕业后没有能力或拒绝按时还贷3. 我认为贷款的学生应如何对待还贷问题On Paying back Student LoansPart Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions：In this part you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer sheet 1.For questions 1-4, markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N(for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG(for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 5-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Reading Baby's MindThe helpless, seemingly awkward infant staring up at you from his little bed, has a lot more going on inside his head than you ever imagined. A wealth of new research is leading child psychologists to rethink their long-held beliefs about the emotional and intellectual abilities of even very young babies. Science is now giving us a much different picture of what goes on inside their hearts and heads. Long before they form their first words or attempt the feat of sitting up, they are already mastering complex emotions—jealousy, empathy (移情), frustration —that were once thought to be learned much later.A New Baby ResearchLittle Victoria Bateman is blue-eyed and as cute a baby as there ever was. At 6 months, she is also trusting and unsuspecting, which is a good thing, because otherwise she'd never go along with what's about to happen. It's a sunny June afternoon in Lubbock, Texas, and inside the Human Sciences lab at Texas Tech University, Victoria's mother is settling her daughter into a high chair, where she is the latest subject in an ongoing experiment aimed at understanding the way babies think. Sybil Hart, an associate professor of human development and leader of the study, trains video cameras on mother and daughter. Everything is set. Hart hands the mother,Cheryl Bateman, a children's book, Elmo Pops In, and instructs her to engross herself in its pages. “Just have a conversation with me about the book, ”Hart tells her. “The most important thing is, do not look at Victoria. ” As the two women chat, Victoria looks around the room, feeling a little bored.After a few minutes, Hart leaves the room and returns cradling a lifelike baby doll. Dramatically, Hart places it in Cheryl Bateman's arms, and tells her to embrace the doll while continuing to ignore Victoria. “That's OK, little baby, ” Bateman coos, hugging and rocking the doll. Victoria is not bored anymore. At first, she cracks her best smile. When that doesn't work, she begins kicking. But her mom pays her no mind. That's when Victoria loses it. Soon she's crying so hard it looks like she might spit up. Hart rushes in. “OK, we're done, ” she says, and takes back the doll. Cheryl Bateman goes to comfort her daughter. “I've never seen her react like that to anything, ”she says. Over the last 10 months, Hart has repeated the scene hundreds of times. It's the same in nearly every case: tiny babies, overwhelmed with jealousy. Even Hart was stunned to find that infants could experience an emotion, which, until recently, was thought to be way beyond their grasp.Findings of Baby ResearchThe new research is sure to confuse new parents—see, Junior is a genius—but it's more than just an academic exercise. Armed with the new information, pediatricians(儿科医生) are starting to change the way they evaluate their youngest patients. In addition to tracking physical development, they are now focusing much more deeply on emotional advancement. The research shows how powerful emotional well-being is to a child's future health. A baby who fails to meet certain key “emotional milestones” may have trouble learning to speak, read and, later, do well in school. By reading emotional responses, doctors have begun to discover ways to tell if a baby as young as 3 months is showing early signs of possible psychological disorders, including depression, anxiety, learning disabilities and perhaps autism.One of the earliest emotions that even tiny babies display is, admirably enough, empathy. In fact, concern for others may be hard-wired into babies' brains. Place a newborn down next to another crying infant, and chances are, both babies will soon be wailing (悲叹) away. “People have always known that babies cry when they hear other babies cry, ” says Martin Hoffman, a psychology professor at New York University who did the first studies on infant empathy in the 1970s. “The question was, why are they crying?”Does it mean that the baby is truly concerned for his fellow human, or just annoyed by the racket? A recent study conducted in Italy, which built on Hoffman's own work, has largely settled the question. Researchers played for infantstapes of other babies' crying. As predicted, that was enough to start the tears flowing. But when researchers played babies, recordings of their own cries, they rarely began crying themselves. The verdict:“there is some empathy in place, right from birth, ” Hoffman says. The intensity of the emotion tends to fade over time. Babies older than 6 months no longer cry but grimace(作苦相) at the discomfort of others. By 13 to 15 months, babies tend to take matters into their own hands. They'll try to comfort a crying playmate. “What I find most charming is when, even if the two mothers are present, they'll bring their own mother over to help, ”Hoffman says.Part of that empathy may come from another early-baby skill, the ability to discern emotions from the facial expressions of the people around them. “Most textbooks still say that babies younger than 6 months don't recognize emotions, ” says Diane Montague, assistant professor of psychology at LaSalle University in Philadelphia. To put that belief to the test, Montague came up with a twist on every infant's favorite game, and recruited dozens of 4-month-olds to play along. She began by peeking around a cloth with a big smile on her face. Predictably, the babies were delighted, and stared at her intently—the time-tested way to tell if a baby is interested. On the fourth peek, though, Montague emerged with a sad look on her face. This time, the response was much different. “They not only looked away, ”she says, but wouldn't look back even when she began smiling again. Refusing to make eye contact is a classic baby sign of distress. An angry face got their attention once again, but their faces showed no pleasure. “They seemed primed to be alert, even vigilant, ”Montague says. “I realize that's speculative in regard to infants. . . I think it shows that babies younger than 6 months find meaning in expressions. ”They are also far more sophisticated intellectually than we once believed. Babies, as young as 4 months, have advanced powers of deduction and an ability to understand the intricate patterns. They have a surprisingly visual palette(燃料，调色板), which enables them to notice small differences, especially in faces, that adults and older children lose the ability to see. Until a baby is 3 months old, he can recognize a photograph of his mother just as quickly as a photo in which everything is in the right place.Challenges and Dangers of Baby ResearchThis might be a good place to pause for a word about the challenges and dangers of baby research. Since the subjects can't speak for themselves, figuring out what's going on inside their heads is often a matter of reading their faces and body language. If this seems speculative, it's not. Over decades of trial and error, researchers have fine-tuned their observation skills and zeroed in on numerous consistent baby responses to various stimuli: how long they stare atan object, what they reach out for and what makes them recoil in fear or disgust can often tell experienced researchers everything they need to know. More recently, scientists have added EEGs and laser eye tracking, which allow more precise readings.1. The passage is mainly about those researches that focus on the emotional and intellectual abilities of those very young babies.2. The purpose of the experiment on Victoria Bateman is to find out how important the mother's love is to her baby.3. In the experiment, Victoria Bateman cried because she thought that her mother didn't love her any more.4. Only through reading emotional responses can doctors tell whether a 3-month baby will get possible psychological disorders.5. Pediatricians are now paying less attention to physical development of their baby patients but more to _________________.6. Hoffman's study revealed that babies are born to show other crying babies _________________.7. The findings of Diane's test demonstrated the baby's ability to recognize _________________.8. It is amazing to find that the visual palette of a baby helps him to notice _________________.9. As for the challenges, those researchers have to obtain those findings about babies' mind by reading _________________.10. In order to gain more precise readings about babies' mind, scientists have adopted the skills of EEGs and _________________.Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what wassaid. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After eachquestion there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11. A) The man should stick to what he's doing.B) The man should take up a new hobby.C) The man should stop playing tennis.D) The man should find the cause for his failure.12. A) He is very forgiving and tolerant. B) He probably has a poor memory.C) He is well liked by his customers. D) He has been introduced to the staff.13. A) She'd like to have the windows open.B) She likes to have the air-conditioner on.C) The air is heavily polluted.D) The windows are already open.14. A) She is not interested in the course.B) She doesn't like the way the professor teaches.C) She's having a hard time following the professor's lectures.D) She's having difficulty with the heavy reading assignments.15. A) The deadline is drawing near. B) She can't meet the deadline.C) She turned in the proposals today. D) They are two days ahead of time.16. A) On the 6th of June. B) On the 8th of June.C) On the 9th of June. D) On the 19th of June.17. A) The man was sorry to miss the football game.B) The man attended the concert, but didn't like it.C) The man was sorry that he didn't attend the concert.D) The man is more interested in football than classical music.18. A) She's going away for a while.B) She did well in the test.C) She worked hard and earned a lot of money.D) She didn't have to work hard for the exam.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) She has a temperature. B) She suffers from a headache.C) She has a sore throat. D) She often feels dizzy.20. A) She didn't have enough sleep. B) She has caught a bad cold.C) She is dying from a serious disease. D) She is too nervous to feel at home.21. A) She should take some medicine and more water.B) She should take care of her rest and drink more water.C) She should give up her term paper for her health.D) She should receive more check-up.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22. A) He doesn't want to take final exams.B) He hasn't prepared well for his tests.C) He has too many exams on the same day.D) He needs to get full scores on his tests.23. A) He should go to the Dean of Students Office.B) He ought to talk immediately to his professors.C) He should begin studying at once.D) He ought to decide which tests are most important.24. A) They are both excellent students.B) They both have to take history and psychology tests.C) They haven't taken final exams before.D) They live in the same dormitory.25. A) Psychology. B) History. C) Advanced Mathematics. D) Chemistry.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken onlyonce. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2witha single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) They worked on their own land.B) They produced whatever their families needed.C) They could get along well by relying on themselves.D) They didn't keep commercial ties with others.27. A) Banks and railroads. B) Weather and their own efforts.C) The specialized crops they sold. D) Commercial ties with others.28. A) Their lives are free and simple like that of the 19th century.B) They have more worries than those in the past.C) They suffer from the shipping rates set by the railroads.D) They miss the simple life in the 19th century.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. A) The painting materials used by Grandma Moses.B) The major artistic influences on Grandma Moses.C) The folk art of Grandma Moses.D) The life of Grandma Moses.30. A) She started it without much success. B) She started it in her sixties.C) She started it after much study. D) She started it by producing greeting cards.31. A) Building. B) Needlework.C) Photographs. D) Country life. Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32. A) More than 130 people. B) At least 400 people.C) Hundreds of people. D) The deaths were still unknown.33. A) Lack of safety measures. B) Checks on weather conditions.C) Underload. D) Lightning strikes.34. A) Epidemic disease. B) Ferry disaster.C) Big fire in the forest. D) Car accidents.35. A) The government has banned all the fishing boats at daytime.B) The government has banned all night ferries and night boats.C) The government has completely banned shipping.D) The government has paid for all the shipping lost.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46, you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.A group date differs from a (36) date in several ways. First, there are no special relationships in the group. No particular girl and boy are together all the time. Second, the group date may (37) on a weekend, but it may not be (38) in advance. A group of young people may decide on Saturday afternoon that they want to spend Saturday evening together. They may all decide to go to a movie, or to some other events. On a group date, no one is (39) with anyone else. As a result, every person pays for his or her own (40). This means that the girls must pay for themselves. Theymust pay their own (41) for the movies, for a cup of coffee, or for anything else that(42) money during the date.Many young people find the group date to be a great deal of(43). The young men on a group date are under no pressure. (44) . They do not have to pay for anyone but themselves. They do not have to be especially polite of formal during the date. Everyone can relax and have a good time. Group dates may lead to serious relationships for some members of the group. (45). They may spend more time together, with the group, and with each other. But usually, (46). No one worries about a serious relationship.Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension （Reading in Depth） (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words on Answer Sheet 2.Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage.They are people who struggle to make their voice heard, but the world is likely to hear more and more about them. If they all belonged to one nation, it would be a fair size, as big as Chile or Kazakhstan. Yet by definition, they belong to no country at all:they are the world's growing band of stateless people who have no citizenship rights, and are often unable to claim the things that states can provide, like travel documents and education. According to international officials whose job is to cope with human flotsam and jetsam, the problem of statelessness is growing fast, despite a modest decline in the number of refugees in the strict sense. Some people become stateless because they are forced out of one country, and no other nation will accept them, or even grant them the rights which “refugees”—people who seek shelter because of a proven risk of persecution—can claim. Some people never leave home but find they are stranded by the shift in borders. Also being ranked among the stateless are marginal groups who cannot claim civic rights because their births went unrecorded.As a classic case of statelessness, take the Biharis of Bangladesh. They mostly took the West Pakistani side in the 1971 war that led to the creation of Bangladesh, ensuring that they were unwelcome in the new state. Some were moved in organised exchanges—until Pakistan stopped taking them. Perhaps 300 000 remain stateless.In fact, legal limbo(前途未卜) is not an either-or condition; there are degrees of statelessness. Among the Palestinians who fled during the war that followed Israel's creation, some—those inJordan—were given passports, but in other Arab states, they simply got “refugee travel documents”. No Arab state wanted to naturalise the newcomers, but the level of rights has varied from place to place.António Guterres, the current high commissioner for refugees, says more and more countries agree, at least, that statelessness is a problem; and several have taken steps to alleviate it. 47. If the stateless people belonged to one nation, their number would equal the population of ______________.48. Why do refugees leave their home country and seek protection somewhere else?49. The situation that people who never leave home become stateless results from______________.50. Why were the Biharis unwelcome in the newly established Bangladesh?51. Arab states' treatments of the fleeing Palestinians are different from place to place in terms of______________.Section BDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B),C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letteron Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage oneQuestions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.Getting ready to go back to school in the good old days of, say, 1998 meant a few trips to the mall and a quick check of the bus route. This year, for many parents, there are some new things to remember: The teacher's e-mail address, the school's website and which night online homework helps chat will be offered. “The 1999-2000 school year will be the one when the majority of parents really feel the Internet's influence on their children's education at the everyday level, ”says Jonathan Carson, chairman of the Family Education Co. , which offers a parenting website at www. family education. com and a framework for local schools to create and maintain their own sites.This year promises to show a quantum leap in the spread of school technology: Parents in many districts can expect to be able to check the school lunch menu, read class notes, see activity calendar and view nightly homework assignments—all online. “The schools are wired, ”says Carson. “A majority of parents now have access and the educators are ready to go. ”Over the summer, parents of high school German students in Ithaca, N. Y. got to be part of a class to Europe, through their home computers. The class brought a digital camera and laptopwith them to Germany and documented their visit on their web page. Hazy Ash, father of 16-year-old traveler Brian, found it reassuring to see his son's smiling face from half a world away. Before their kids left, parents had checked the site for scheduling information, a list of activities and advice on cultural differences.When it's designed well, a district, school or classroom website can change the relationship between the parents and the school, says Cynthia Lapier, Ithaca's director of information and instructional technology. “The more you can involve parents in school, the better, ”Lapier says. “The technology gives us another way to reach them, especially parents of secondary school students, who tend to be less involved. ”Ithaca high school physics teacher, Stever Wirt, gets e-mail from parents regular1y, some from the parents he believes might otherwise not pick up the phone with a concern. Using software called Blackboard Course Info, Wirt conducts online chats with his students often reviewing for a quiz or discussing homework problems.The way things are going, by the end of this year, many parents may be fully converted—and in fact dependent upon their schools' technological capabilities. At a recently wired school in Novi, Michigan, the school webmaster was just a few hours late posting the lunch-menu calendar on the website. In that time, more than a dozen parents called him by telephone to request the information. “A year ago, it never would have been there, ”says Carson. And now parents are finding it's tough to get by without it.52. Many parents now remember the teacher's e-mail address and the school's website because__________.A) by doing so they needn't go to the store to buy stationery for their childrenB) they can reach their children's school and the teachers without traveling thereC) the e-mail and the website can help them find out what their children doD) they can observe how the Internet affect their children's education every day53. “The schools are wired. A majority of parents now have access and the educators are readyto go. ”(Lines 3-4, Para. 2) means that __________.A) the schools and parents are connected by the Internet so that teachers will leave schoolB) parents can find out what happens to their children in school by visiting InternetC) parents and educators may discover that schools are strange by using computersD) the schools are online and parents now can teach their children and the teachers are to go54. The example of Ithaca high school is used to show __________.A) how important the school website is for parents to be involved in educationB) that the school online can reassure the parents about what their children doC) how the parents of the students got to be part of a class trip to EuropeD) it is more likely for parents to send teachers e-mails than to phone them55. According to the last paragraph, the attitude of parents towards the lunch-menu calendaron the website is.A) reliant B) optimistic C) baised D) opposite56. According to this passage，which of the following will be changed most?A) The relationship between teachers and schools.B) The connection between students and schools.C) The relationship between parents and schools.D) The association between websites and schools.Passage TwoQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Traffic statistics paint a gloomy picture. To help solve their traffic woes, some rapidly growing U. S. cities have simply built more roads. But traffic experts say building more roads is a quick fix solution that will not alleviate the traffic problem in the long run. Soaring land costs, increasing concern over social and environmental disruptions caused by road-building, and the likelihood that more roads can only lead to more cars and traffic are powerful factors bearing down on a 1950s' style constructions program.The goal of smart-highway technology is to make traffic systems work at optimum efficiency by treating the road and the vehicles traveling on them as an integral transportation system. Proponents of this advanced technology say electronic detection systems, closed-circuit television radio communication, ramp metering (斜坡坡度计量), variable message signing, and other smart highway technology can now be used at a reasonable cost to improve communication between drivers and the people who monitor traffic.Pathfinder, a Santa Monica, California based smart highway project in which a 14 mile stretch of the Santa Monica Freeway, making up what is called a “smart corridor”, is being instrumented with buried loops in the pavement. Closed circuit television cameras survey the flow of traffic, while communications linked to properly equipped automobiles advise motorists of the least congested routes or detours (便道).Not all traffic experts, however, look to smart-highway technology as the ultimate solution to traffic jam. Some say the high-tech approach is limited and can only offer temporary solutionsto a serious problem.“Electronics on the highway addresses just one aspect of the problem: how to regulate traffic more efficiently, ”explains Michael Renner, senior researcher at the Worldwatch Institute. “It doesn't deal with the central problems of too many cars for roads that can't be built fast enough. It sends people the wrong message. ”“They start thinking, ‘Yes, there used to be a traffic congestion problem, but that's been solved now because we have an advanced high-tech system in place. '”Larson agrees and adds, “smart highway is just one of the tools that we will use to deal with our traffic problems. It's not the solution itself, just part of the package. There are different strategies. ”Other traffic problem-solving options being studied and experimented which include car pooling, rapid mass-transit systems, staggered or flexible work hours, and road pricing, a system whereby motorists pay a certain amount for the time they use a highway. It seems that we need a new, major thrust to deal with the traffic problems of the next 20 years. There has to be a big change.57. In Para. 1, “a quick fix solution”is closest in meaning to __________.A) a best solution B) a fast solutionC) a ready solution D) an efficient solution58. According to the passage, the smart highway technology is aimed to __________.A) deploy sophisticated facilities on the interstate highwaysB) provide passenger vehicles with a variety of servicesC) optimize the highway capabilitiesD) improve communication between driver and the traffic monitors59．According to this passage the method of Highways Get Smart is __________.A) the ultimate solution to traffic congestionB) a wrong solution for the traffic problemsC) a venture to remedy traffic woesD) part of the package to relieve traffic gridlock60. According to Larson, to redress the traffic problem, __________.A) car pooling must be studiedB) rapid mass-transit systems must be introducedC) flexible work hours must be experimentedD) overall strategies must be coordinated61. Which of the following is true according to the whole passage?。

六级作文需要写题目吗六级作文需要写题目吗Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Due Attention Should Be Given To Spelling. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:既然都给出entitled这个词了，那就意味着题目必须出现，当然，有可能试卷已经进行了印刷;没有给出题目的.，多一事不如少一事，就别写了。

例如，2013年12月四级试卷(之一)Part ⅠWriting(30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief account of the impact of the Internet on learning and then explain why education doesn’t simply mean learning to obtain information. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words。

其中:impact of the Internet on learning 以及 why education doesn’t simply mean lea ning to obtain information 都是作文中需要阐释的内容，不是题目。

近些年六级作文题目整理【1】2011年6月英语六级作文真题：The Certificate Craze1.现在许多人热衷于各类证书考试2.其目的各不相同3.我的看法2011年12月英语六级作文真题：Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Way to Success by commenting on AbrahamLincoln's famous remark, "Give me six hours to chop down a tree, and I will spend, the first four sharpening the axe." You should write atleast 150 words but no more than 200 words.2012年6月英语六级作文真题：Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Impact of the Internet on Interpersonal Communication. Your essay should start with a brief description of the picture. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.2012年12月英语六级作文真题：Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entitled Man and Computer by commenting on the saying, “The real danger is not that the computer will begin to think like man, but that man will begin to think like the computer.” You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.2013年6月英语六级作文真题：Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the remark “A smile is the shortest distance between two pe ople”. You may cite some examples to support you view. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.2013年12月英语六级作文真题：Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on happiness by referring to the saying “Ha ppiness is not the absence of problems, but the ability to deal with them.” You can cite examples to illustrate your points and then explain how you can develop your ability to deal with problem and be happy, you should write atleast 150 words but no more than 200 words.2014年6月英语六级作文真题：Directions: For this part , your are allowed30 minutes to write an essay explaining why it is unwise to judge a personby their appearance 。

2021年专升本《英语》培训模拟试卷八Part Ⅰ. Vocabulary and Structure (1×40 points)Directions: There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence，and then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1. Don’t ______ to let me know if there is anything I can do for you.A. rejectB. preventC. hesitateD. refuse2. Let’s hang up some paintings on these ______ walls.A. bareB. emptyC. blankD. free3. At the conference he expressed some personal views which later brought him into ______ with the Party leadership.A. actionB. crisisC. conflictD. power4. They have developed techniques which are ______ to those used in most factories.A. more talentedB. betterC. greaterD. superior5. Man must stop ______ the earth’s atmosphere.A. fillingB. emittingC. pollutingD. wasting6. No one has yet succeeded in explaining the ______ of how life began.A. problemB. causeC. puzzleD. logic7. Unfortunately, very few sheep ______ the severe winter last year.A. survivedB. enduredC. spentD. remained alive8. They discussed the problem three or four times, but could come to no ______.A. endB. conclusionC. resultD. judgment9. Well, Let’s put our heads together and find ______ to the problem.A. an answerB. a wayC. a solutionD. a method10. The old couple decided to move out of town to a quiet ______, where they had spent several years immediately after their marriage.A. paceB. suburbC. neighborhoodD. area11. It was wise of him to ______ your advice or he might have lost the game.A. followB. listenC. carryD.hear12. I didn’t go to his party because I had to attend an ______ lecture. If we do not hurry up, we may be late for class.A. importantB. impatientC. impressiveD. impossible13. The front door is the main ______ to the house.A. solutionB. wayC. entranceD. path14. I strongly ______ to the proposals they had put forward at the meeting.A. adjustedB. pointedC. aimedD. objected15. If you ______ Bob, please tell him that I am looking for him.A. take inB. run intoC. get overD. break down16. Robert is said ______ in a Japanese company as a salesman for many years.A. have been workingB. to have workedC. be workingD. to work17. It’s a waste of time ______ to make the man give up his own idea.A. tryB. have triedC. tryingD. tried18. It’s very kind ______ you to help us when we are in such a trouble.A. toB. ofC. forD. by19. He was looking forward to the time ______ he would have to attend the interview.A. whereB. thatC. whyD. when20. It is relatively easy to understand how and why nations ______ in international trade.A. engageB. existC. emergeD. exceed21. ______ born in China, the boy was brought up in the USA.A. AlthoughB. SinceC. AsD. When22. ______ is known to all, haste makes waste.A. WhatB. ThatC. AsD. Which23. That is the very old woman ______ house was burned down last night.A. whichB. herC. of whomD. whose24. Hardly had he finished his speech ______ the audience started cheering.A. thanB. thenC. whenD. as soon as25. ______ the book, he found out some answers to this question.A. As he readingB. At his readingC. As readingD. On reading26. The spacecraft will send back ______ on surface winds and temperatures.A. many new informationB. some new informationC. a new informationD. a few new information27. The reason for my refusal is ______ you’re unreliable.A. becauseB. thatC. due toD. for28. He came all the way to China for promoting friendship ______ for making money.A. other thanB. insteadC. apart fromD. rather than29. If you don’t mind, I ______ do my homework than play cards with you.A. had betterB. would ratherC. preferD. would like30. No one, except his two best friends, ______ where he is.A. knowB. to knowC. knowsD. knowing31. What he said on the press conference sounded convincing, but I ______ it to be a lie.A. doubtedB. suspectedC. expectedD. predicted32. My sister ______ my e-mail. Otherwise, she would have replied.A. mustn’t have receivedB. can’t have receivedC. shouldn’t have receivedD. needn’t have received33. I think you are supposed ______ your assignment last night.A. to be finishingB. to have finishedC. to finishD. to have been finished34. In his time, he enjoyed a reputation .A. as great as Mozart, if not greater thanB. as great as, if not greater than, MozartC. as great, if not greater, as MozartD. greater, if not as great as Mozart35. We will go to Mount. Huang for our holidays, ______ it isn’t too expensive.A. exceptB. unlessC. as soon asD. provided36. Nobody should ______ the authority that people have placed on him.A. abuseB. accuseC. amuseD. arouse37. Whenever I ask a question in class, I expect a ______ answer from my students.A. punctualB. promptC. rapidD. fast38. ______ with that of the developed countries, people’s living standard of this African country is extremely low.A. CompareB. While comparingC. When comparedD. Comparing39. More and more automatic machines ______, the output of the factory that manufactured electronic equipment increased tremendously.A. usingB. having usedC. having been usedD. to have been used40. When several graduates apply for the same job, ______ is often given to whoever is better qualified for it.A. superiorityB. privilegeC. majorityD. priorityPart Ⅱ. Cloze (1×20 points)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B,C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.The best time to buy is often during a “sale”, when a store (41) prices on certain items. Sales are (42) on television, radio, and in newspapers, or the store itself may have (43) showing which items are “on sale”. Just because an item is “on sale”, (44), it does not (45) that it is indeed a good (46). Another store may have the same item at a (47) price, or the sale item may be of poor (48). Comparing prices and quality at (49) stores is a good way to find the (50) value.Household and food items can (51) be found on sale. In many (52), however, coupons（优惠券） (53) the best savings for these items. Coupons are small pieces of paper on advertisements that can be (54) in newspapers, in the mail, in magazines, and even at food stores. If you have coupons for items you’re (55), you can (56) them to the store before (57) for your purchase. The amount (58) on the coupon is then taken (59) form the purchase price of that item. When using coupons, make sure the coupon is for the (60) item you are purchasing, and that the coupon has not expired （过期）.41. A. sets B. keeps C. lowers D. raises42. A. increased B. expected C. organized D. advertised43. A. signs B. problems C. time D. interest44. A. thus B. however C. consequently D. therefore45. A. order B. report C. mean D. request46. A. place B. time C. way D. value47. A. cheaper B. fixed C. higher D. retail48. A. appearance B. service C. quality D. performance49. A. chain B. local C. international D. several50. A. best B. total C. different D. equal51. A. never B. seldom C. also D. either52. A. occasions B. moments C. conditions D. cases53. A. take B. put C. provide D. make54. A. found B. bought C. promoted D. asked55. A. producing B. selling C. developing D. purchasing56. A. present B. return C. put D. add57. A. asking B. paying C. leaving D. applying58. A. reduced B. increased C. listed D. expressed59. A. away B. in C. up D. over60. A. various B. major C. small D. exactPart Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension (2×20 points)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or incomplete statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A,B,C and D. You should decide on the best choice, and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1Maybe ten-year-old Elizabeth put it best when she said to her father, “But, Dad, you can’t be healthy if you’re dead.”Dad, in a hurry to get home before dark so he could go for a run, had forgotten to wear his safety belt—a mistake 75% of the US population make every day. The big question is why.There have been many myths about safety belts ever since their first appearance in cars some forty years ago. The following are three of the most common.Myth Number One: Safety belts “trap” people in cars that are burning or sinking in water.Truth: Sorry, but studies show that people knocked unconscious due to not wearing safety belts have a greater chance of dying in these accidents. People wearing safety belts are usually protected to the point of having a clear head to free themselves from such dangerous situation, not to be trapped in them.Myth Number Two: Safety belts aren’t needed at speeds of less than 30 miles per hour (mph).Truth: When two cars traveling at 30 mph hit each other, an unbelted driver would meet the windshield with a force equal to diving headfirst into the ground from a height of 10 meters.61. Why did Elizabeth say to her father, “But, Dad, you can’t be healthy if you’re dead”?A. He was driving at great speed.B. He was running across the street.C. He didn’t have his safety belt on.D. He didn’t take his medicine on time.62. The reason father was in a hurry to get home was that he ______.A. wasn’t feeling very wellB. hated to drive in the darkC. wanted to take some exerciseD. didn’t want to be caught by the police63. Which of the following statements is supported in this passage?A. 50% of the US population forgot to wear safety belt every day.B. The first safety belts in cars appeared forty years ago.C. Safety belts “trap” people in cars that are burning or sinking in water.D. Not wearing safety belts will be fined.64. Some people prefer to drive without wearing a safety belt because they believe ______.A. the belt prevents them from escaping in an accidentB. they will be unable to think clearly in an accidentC. they will be caught when help comesD. cars catch fire easily65. What is the advice given in the text?A. Never drive faster than 30 miles an hour.B. Try your best to save yourself in a car accident.C. Never forget to wear the safety belt while driving.D. Drive slowly while you’re not wearing a safety belt.Passage 2Borrowing to start a business is not easy. Getting a bank loan, particularly for a new small business, is like going through the eye of a needle.Banks favor established business people with a solid credit rating and a large bank account. They should also have experience in the business they propose to enter, and offer well-prepared business plans that show the ability to repay the loans. If you are not such a person, then you need to double your preparations to convince the banker to lend you that much needed start-up capital. If your business is new and small, bankers will need to know as much as possible about you and your business.However, many small business owners often make the mistake of not being well prepared when going to the bank to apply for the loan. Surprisingly, many loan applicants don’t even have the slightest idea how or when they intend to repay the money they request. Often they don’t even know much money they need. When asked how much money they want to borrow, many people give these two common responses: “How much money can I get?” and “As much as possible.” Is it any wonder that lenders say no?So the most important thing is do your homework before you ask for a loan.66. By saying “Getting a bank loan… is like going through the eye of a needle”, the writer emphasizes ______.A. the ability to borrow from a bankB. the importance of borrowing moneyC. the difficulty of getting a bank loanD. the start-up of a new small business67. Banks prefer to give a loan to those who ______.A. are in need of start-up capitalB. have the ability to pay it backC. own an old and large businessD. haven’t borrowed money before68. What will bankers do before they give a loan to a new and small business?A. Help fill out a special form for getting a loan.B. Request the business to pay a small deposit.C. Get enough information about the business.D. Estimate the size of the loan they will give.69. Some small businesses fail to get a bank loan because ______.A. the form they fill in is incompleteB. their products are not technically advancedC. the amount of money the want to borrow is too bigD. they have no clear idea of how much they need to borrow70. The writer advises that before applying for a bank loan, the applicant should ______.A. thoroughly prepareB. do some market researchC. learn a lot about the bankD. know the upper limit of the loanPassage 3Happiness can be described as a positive mood and a pleasant state of mind. According to recent polls(民意测试), sixty to seventy percent of Americans consider themselves to be moderately happy and one in twenty persons feels very unhappy. Psychologists have been studying the factors that contribute to happiness. It is not predictable nor is a person in an apparently ideal situation necessarily happy. The ideal situation may have little to do with his actual feelings.A good education and income are usually considered necessary for happiness. Though both may contribute, they are only chief factors if the person is seriously undereducated or actually suffering from lack of physical needs.The rich are not likely to be happier than the middle-income group or even those with very low incomes. People with college educations are somewhat happier than those who did not graduate from high school, and it is believed that this is mainly because they have more opportunity to control their lives. Yet people with a high income and a college education may be less happy than those with the same income and no college education.Poor health does not rule out happiness except for the severely disabled or those in pain. Learning to cope with a health problem can contribute to happiness. Those with a good sex life are happier in general, but those who have a loving, affectionate relationship are happier than those who rely on sex alone. Love has a higher correlation with happiness than any other factor.It should be noted that people quickly get used to what they have, and they are happiest when they feel they are increasing their level no matter where it stands at a given time.Children whose parents were happily married have happier childhoods yet theyare not necessarily happier adults when they grow up.The best formula for happiness is to be able to develop the ability to tolerate frustration, to have a personal involvement and commitment, and to develop self-confidence and self-esteem.71. It can be inferred from the passage that ______.A. happiness is predictableB. a person in an apparently ideal situation must be happyC. happiness is not necessarily connected to one’s situation in societyD. the rich are likely to be happier than the middle-income group72. People with college education ______.A. have less opportunity to control their livesB. have more opportunity to control their livesC. are not happier than those who have only an education at high schoolD. are much happier than those who did not graduate from high school73. According to the article, happiness is greatly dependent upon ______.A. a happy childhoodB. great wealthC. a college degreeD. a feeling that conditions are becoming for the better74. Which of the following is most likely to contribute to happiness?A. Being exceptionally good-looking.B. Having a good paying job.C. Having a loving, affectionate relationship.D. Meeting lots of people.75. Which of the following attitudes of feelings is most likely to be found in happy people?A. Having self-esteem.B. Being sure of keeping everything they already have.C. Never being jealous.D. Knowing how to be charming.Passage 4That cold January night, I was growing sick of my life in San Francisco. There I was, walking home at one in the morning after a tiring practice at the theatre. With opening night only a week away, I was still learning my lines. I was having trouble dealing with my part-time job at the bank and my acting at night at the same time. As I walked, I thought seriously about giving up both acting and San Francisco. City life had become too much for me.As I walked down empty streets under tall buildings, I felt very small and cold.I began running, both to keep warm and to keep away from any possible robbers. Very few people were still out except a few sad-looking homeless people under blankets.About a block from my apartment, I heard a sound behind me. I turned quickly, half expecting to see someone with a knife or a gun. The street was empty. All I saw was a shining streetlight. Still, the noise had made me nervous, so I started to run faster. Not until I reached my apartment building and unlocked the door didI realize what the noise had been. It had been my wallet falling to the sidewalk.Suddenly I wasn’t cold or tired anymore. I ran out of the door and back where I’d heard the noise. Although I searched the sidewalk anxiously for fifteen minutes, my wallet was nowhere to be found.Just as I was about to give up the search, I heard the garbage truck pull up to the sidewalk next to me. When a voice called from the inside, “Alisa Camacho?”I thought I was dreaming. How could this man know my name? The door opened, and out jumped a small red-haired man with an amused look in his eye.“Is this what you’re looking for?” he asked, holding up a small square shape.It was nearly 3 A.M. by the time I got into bed. I wouldn’t get much sleep that night, but I had gotten my wallet back. I also had gotten back some enjoyment of city life. I realized that the city couldn’t be a bad place as long as people were willing to help each other.76. How did the writer feel when she was walking home after work?A. Cold and sick.B. Fortunate and helpful.C. Satisfied and cheerful.D. Disappointed and helpless.77. From the first paragraph, we learn that the writer was busy ______.A. solving her problem at the bankB. taking part in various city activitiesC. learning acting in an evening schoolD. preparing for the first night show78. On her way home the writer ______.A. lost her wallet unknowinglyB. was stopped by a garbage truck driverC. was robbed of her wallet by an armed manD. found some homeless people following her79. In the fifth paragraph, why did the writer say she was dreaming?A. Someone offered to take her back home.B. A red-haired man came to see her.C. She heard someone call her name.D. Her wallet was found in a garbage truck.80. From the text, we can infer that the writer ______.A. would stop working at nightB. would stay on in San FranciscoC. would make friends with cleanersD. would give up her job at the bankPart Ⅳ. Translation (2×10 points)Directions: There are 10 sentences in this section. Please translate sentences 81～85 from Chinese into English, and translate sentences 86～90 from English into Chinese. Write your answer on the Answer Sheet.81. 电脑在我们的日常生活中起着非常重要的作用。

长春工业大学大学英语(2013---2014学年第一学期)课程教案\讲稿教师姓名：袁金秋学院（部、中心）：外国语学院教研室\实验室：第一教研室姓名考务号For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Attend Your Classes Regularly. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese.1.现在大学校园里，迟到、早退、旷课是常见的现象2.保证学生的出勤率对大学教育的重要性3.作为一个大学生应该怎样做姓名；学号：How to Reduce Stress1.现代社会充满压力2.压力太大的危害3.如何减轻压力写作提示：这是一篇议论文。

压力问题是现代人们常谈论的话题。

根据提示，可采用三段式行文。

第一段可以从几个方面引出现代社会充满压力这一现象。

第二段举例说明压力太大的危害。

第三段要求作者提出减轻压力的建议。

假如你是贾平，一所大学的学生，你所在的学校附近深受一家工厂的污染之苦。

你要写信给地方政府反映情况。

内容应该包括以下几点：1.污染的现状及严重程度；2.引起污染的原因；3.你的建议。

A Letter to local GovernmentOct.15,2013 Dear sir,。

Yours truly,JiaPing写作提纲：1.越来越多的食品安全问题引起了人们的关注；2.出现食品安全问题的原因；3.你的建议。

Food Security期末考试部分指定题型词汇：单句1-8单元课后练习词汇第一组题型考翻译：课后练习1—8单元补充翻译练习（待老师整理完后布置给同学们）快速阅读：匹配题型作文：四级作文听力：四级听力阅读课后练习中的Practical Writing无口语考试1.每年农历七月初七的七夕节，简称七夕，俗称乞巧节，是中国传统节日中最具浪漫色彩的一个节日。

英语作文范文模板50篇及翻译一Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Long Holidays. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 长假给大学生带来的好处2. 长假可能给大学生带来的问题3. 我应当怎样利用好长假【范文】Long HolidaysGenerally speaking, long holidays are good for us college students. On the one hand, we have a lot of time to study by ourselves and thus improve weaknesses and further develop strengths. On the other hand, we can take part-time jobs, which can make us realize responsibility and make ourselves better prepared for social life.But every coin has two sides. Some students fail to make good use of their time and they are addicted to various computer games. I am afraid that they are likely to ruin themselves in this way.As far as I am concerned, I will try to make the best use of my precious time. I will spend most of my holidays studying English for that I am very poor at it. In addition, I will take a part-time job as private teacher. By this means, I can earn some money and put my knowledge into practice as well.长假期一般来说,长假期是对我们有益的大学生。