贵州省贵阳市贵阳一中新世界国际学校2020-2021学年度九年级上学期第一次月考化学试题

贵阳一中新世界一中国际学校第一学期摸底考试九年级 数学试卷一、选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分）1. 下列等式哪一个是关于x 的一元二次方程（ ）A. 0212=-+x xB.02=++c bx axC.x x x 21322=+-D.2212x x x +=+ 2. 实数c b a ,,在数轴上的对应点的位置如图所示，则正确的结论是（ ）A. 4 aB.0 b c -C.0 acD.0 c a +3. 如图，将图（1）中的正方形图案绕中心旋转180°，得到的图案是（ ）4. 有一支球队参加篮球比赛，共比赛了45场，每两队之间都要比赛一场，则下列方程中符合题意的是（ ）A. ()45121=-x xB. ()45121=+x x C.()451=-x x D.()451=+x x 5. 不等式组{5121≤+->x x 的解集在数轴上表示正确的是（ ）A. B. C. D.6.如图5所示，是一块电脑主板的示意图，每一转角处都是直角，数据如图所示（单位：mm)，则该主板的周长是（ ）A.88mmB.96mmC.80mmD.84mm7.顺次连接一个四边形的各边中点，得到一个矩形，则下列四边形满足条件的是（ ）①平行四边形 ②菱形 ③矩形 ④对角线互相垂直的四边形A. ①③B.②③C.③④D.②④8.如图，边长为1的正方形ABCD 绕点A 逆时针旋转45°后得到正方形A ’B ’C ’D ’,边B ’C ’与DC 交于点O ，则四边形AB ’OD 的周长是（ ）A.22B.3C.2D.21+9.如图，在矩形ABCD 中，AB=4，BC=5，对角线AC 的垂直平分线分别交AD 、AC 于点E 、O ，连接CE ，则CE 的长为（ ）A.6B.7C.4.1D.5.610.如图，直线432+=x y 与x 轴、y 轴分别交于点A 和点B ，点C 、D 分别为线段AB 、OB 的中点，点P 为OA 上一动点，PC+PD 值最小时点P 的坐标为（ ） A. ()0,3- B. ()0,6- C. ⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-0,23 D. ⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-0,25 二、填空题（本大题共5小题，每小题4分，共20分）11.要使代数式11-+x x 有意义，则x 的取值范围是_______________； 12.如图，在长为30cm 、宽为20cm 的矩形画面四周镶上宽度相等的彩纸，并使彩纸的面积恰好与原画面面积相等(如图所示)，若设彩纸的宽度为xcm ，则满足的方程是___________；13.已知关于x 的不等式组⎩⎨⎧<--≥-0135x a x 无解，则a 的取值范围是_________________; 14.矩形一个内角平分线分矩形一边长为1cm 和3cm 两部分，则这个矩形的面积___________；15.如图，在菱形ABCD 中，∠ABC=120°，将菱形折叠，使点A 恰好落在对角线BD 上的点G 处（不与B,D 重合），折痕为EF ，若DG=2，BG=6,则BE 的长为__________________；三、解答题（共100分）16. （本题满分8分）先化简，再求值：311684194222-÷⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+---⋅--m m m m m m m .其中m=5.17. （本题满分8分，每小题4分）解下列方程：（1）()()x x x -=-22 （2）11412=--+x x x18. （本题满分10分）已知：直线l 及直线l 外一点P ，求作：直线PQ ，使得PQ ∥l.作法如下图：①在直线l 上取一点A ，作射线PA ，以点A 为圆心，AP 长为半径画弧，交PA 的延长线于点B ；②在直线l 上取一点C （不与点A 重合），作射线BC ，以点C 为圆心，CB 长为半径画弧，交BC 的延长线于点Q; ③作直线PQ ；所以直线PQ 就是所求作的直线。

2020-2021贵阳清华中学九年级数学上期中第一次模拟试卷附答案一、选择题1．如图，在△ABC 中，AB=10，AC=8，BC=6，经过点C 且与边AB 相切的动圆与CA 、CB 分别相交于点P 、Q ，则线段PQ 长度的最小值是（ ）A ．4.75B ．4.8C ．5D ．42．如图，AB 为⊙O 的直径，点C 为⊙O 上的一点，过点C 作⊙O 的切线，交直径AB 的延长线于点D ，若∠A =25°，则∠D 的度数是（ ）A ．25°B ．40°C ．50°D ．65°3．下列图形中，既是轴对称图形又是中心对称图形的是（ ）A ．B ．C ．D ．4．若关于x 的一元二次方程（m ﹣1）x 2+5x+m 2﹣5m+4=0有一个根为0，则m 的值等于（ ）A ．1B ．1或4C ．4D ．05．在Rt ABC ∆中，90ABC ∠=︒，:BC 2:3=AB ， 5AC =，则AB =（ ）． A ．52 B ．10 C ．5D ．15 6．将函数y=kx 2与y=kx+k 的图象画在同一个直角坐标系中，可能的是（ ） A ． B ． C ． D ．7．解一元二次方程 x 2﹣8x ﹣5＝0，用配方法可变形为（ ）A ．（x +4）2＝11B ．（x ﹣4）2＝11C ．（x +4）2＝21D ．（x ﹣4）2＝218．如图，将⊙O沿弦AB折叠，圆弧恰好经过圆心O，点P是优弧¼AMB上一点，则∠APB 的度数为（）A．45°B．30°C．75°D．60°9．山西剪纸是最古老的汉族民间艺术之一．剪纸作为一种镂空艺术，在视觉上给人以透空的感觉和艺术享受．下列四幅剪纸图案中，是中心对称图形的是（）A．B．C．D．10．函数y=x2+bx+c与y=x的图象如图所示，有以下结论：①b2﹣4c＞0；②b+c+1=0；③3b+c+6=0；④当1＜x＜3时，x2+（b﹣1）x+c＜0．其中正确的个数为A．1 B．2 C．3 D．411．公园有一块正方形的空地，后来从这块空地上划出部分区域栽种鲜花（如图），原空地一边减少了1m，另一边减少了2m，剩余空地的面积为18m2，求原正方形空地的边长．设原正方形的空地的边长为xm，则可列方程为（）A．（x+1）（x+2）=18B．x2﹣3x+16=0C．（x﹣1）（x﹣2）=18D．x2+3x+16=012．如图，圆锥的底面半径r为6cm，高h为8cm，则圆锥的侧面积为（）A．30πcm2B．48πcm2C．60πcm2D．80πcm2二、填空题13．二次函数y＝ax2＋bx＋c的图象如图11所示，且P＝|2a＋b|＋|3b－2c|，Q＝|2a－b|－|3b＋2c|，则P，Q的大小关系是______．14．我国南宋数学家杨辉曾提出这样一个问题：“直田积（矩形面积），八百六十四（平方步），只云阔（宽）不及长一十二步（宽比长少12步），问阔及长各几步．”如果设矩形田地的长为x步，那么根据题意列出的方程为_____．15．若圆锥的底面周长为4π，母线长为6，则圆锥的侧面积等于________．（结果保留π）16．如图,将边长为12的正方形ABCD沿其对角线AC剪开,再把△ABC沿着AD方向平移,得到△A′B′C′,当两个三角形重叠部分的面积为32时,它移动的距离AA′等于________.17．如图，四边形ABCD是⊙O的内接四边形，∠B＝135°，则∠AOC的度数为_____．18．女生小琳所在班级共有40名学生，其中女生占60%.现学校组织部分女生去市三女中参观，需要从小琳所在班级的女生当中随机抽取一名女生参加，那么小琳被抽到的概率是．19．小蕾有某文学名著上、中、下各1册，她随机将它们叠放在一起，从上到下的顺序恰好为“上册、中册、下册”的概率是____________．20．如图，在△ABC中，∠ACB=90°，AC=BC=2，将△ABC绕AC的中点D逆时针旋转90°得到△A'B′C'，其中点B的运动路径为¼BB'，则图中阴影部分的面积为_____．三、解答题21．因魔幻等与众不同的城市特质，以及抖音等新媒体的传播，重庆已成为国内外游客最喜欢的旅游目的地城市之一．著名“网红打卡地”磁器口在2018年五一长假期间，接待游客达20万人次，预计在2020年五一长假期间，接待游客将达28.8万人次．在磁器口老街，美食无数，一家特色小面店希望在五一长假期间获得好的收益，经测算知，该小面成本价为每碗6元，借鉴以往经验：若每碗卖25元，平均每天将销售300碗，若价格每降低1元，则平均每天多销售30碗．(1)求出2018至2020年五一长假期间游客人次的年平均增长率；(2)为了更好地维护重庆城市形象，店家规定每碗售价不得超过20元，则当每碗售价定为多少元时，店家才能实现每天利润6300元？22．某商场销售一批名牌衬衫,平均每天可销售20件,每件盈利40元.为了扩大销售,增加盈利,尽量减少库存,商场决定采取适当的降价措施.经调查发现,如果每件衬衫每降价5元,商场平均每天可多售出10件.求:(1)若商场每件衬衫降价4元,则商场每天可盈利多少元?(2)若商场平均每天要盈利1200元,每件衬衫应降价多少元?(3)要使商场平均每天盈利1600元,可能吗?请说明理由.23．如图，已知△ABC中，AB＝AC，把△ABC绕A点沿顺时针方向旋转得到△ADE，连接BD，CE交于点F．（1）求证：△AEC≌△ADB；（2）若AB＝2，∠BAC＝45°，当四边形ADFC是菱形时，求BF的长．24．如图，已知抛物线y=﹣x2+bx+c与x轴交于点A（﹣1，0）和点B（3，0），与y轴交于点C，连接BC交抛物线的对称轴于点E，D是抛物线的顶点．（1）求此抛物线的解析式；（2）求点C和点D的坐标；（3）若点P在第一象限内的抛物线上，且S△ABP=4S△COE，求P点坐标．25．如图，已知AB是⊙O的直径，点C、D在⊙O上，点E在⊙O外，∠EAC＝∠D＝60°．（1）求∠ABC的度数；（2）求证：AE是⊙O的切线；（3）当BC＝4时，求阴影部分的面积．【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除一、选择题1．B解析：B【解析】【分析】设QP的中点为F，圆F与AB的切点为D，连接FD，连接CF，CD，则有FD⊥AB；由勾股定理的逆定理知，△ABC是直角三角形，FC+FD=PQ，由三角形的三边关系知，FC+FD＞CD；只有当点F在CD上时，FC+FD=PQ有最小值，最小值为CD的长，即当点F在直角三角形ABC的斜边AB的高CD上时，PQ=CD有最小值，由直角三角形的面积公式知，此时CD=BC•AC÷AB=4.8．【详解】如图，设QP的中点为F，圆F与AB的切点为D，连接FD、CF、CD，则FD⊥AB．∵AB=10，AC=8，BC=6，∴∠ACB=90°，FC+FD=PQ，∴FC+FD＞CD，∵当点F在直角三角形ABC的斜边AB的高CD上时，PQ=CD有最小值，∴CD=BC•AC÷AB=4.8．故选B．【点睛】本题利用了切线的性质，勾股定理的逆定理，三角形的三边关系，直角三角形的面积公式求解．2．B解析：B【解析】连接OC，∵CD是切线，∴∠OCD=90°，∵OA=OC，∴∠ACO=∠BAC=25°，∴∠COD=∠ACO+∠BAC=50°，∴∠D=90°-∠COD=40°，故选B.3．B解析：B【解析】【分析】根据轴对称图形与中心对称图形的概念求解．【详解】A、不是轴对称图形，是中心对称图形，故此选项错误；B、是轴对称图形，也是中心对称图形，故此选项正确；C、是轴对称图形，不是中心对称图形，故此选项错误；D、是轴对称图形，不是中心对称图形，故此选项错误；故选B．【点睛】此题主要考查了中心对称图形与轴对称图形的概念．轴对称图形的关键是寻找对称轴，图形两部分折叠后可重合，中心对称图形是要寻找对称中心，旋转180度后两部分重合．4．C解析：C【解析】【分析】先把x ＝0代入方程求出m 的值，然后根据一元二次方程的定义确定满足条件的m 的值．【详解】解：把x ＝0代入方程得m²−5m ＋4＝0，解得m ₁＝4，m ₂＝1，而a−1≠0，所以m ＝4．故选C ．【点睛】本题考查了一元二次方程的解：能使一元二次方程左右两边相等的未知数的值是一元二次方程的解．注意一元二次方程的定义．5．B解析：B【解析】【分析】 依题意可设2=AB x ，3BC x =，根据勾股定理列出关于x 的方程，解方程求出x 的值，进而可得答案.【详解】解：如图，设2=AB x ，3BC x =，根据勾股定理，得：222325+=x x ，解得5x =，∴10AB =.故选B.【点睛】本题考查了勾股定理和简单的一元二次方程的解法，属于基础题型，熟练掌握勾股定理是解题的关键.6．C解析：C【解析】【分析】根据题意，利用分类讨论的方法，讨论k ＞0和k ＜0，函数y=kx 2与y=kx+k 的图象，从而可以解答本题．【详解】当k ＞0时，函数y=kx 2的图象是开口向上，顶点在原点的抛物线，y=kx+k 的图象经过第一、二、三象限，是一条直线，故选项A 、B 均错误，当k ＜0时，函数y=kx2的图象是开口向下，顶点在原点的抛物线，y=kx+k的图象经过第二、三、四象限，是一条直线，故选项C正确，选项D错误，故选C．【点睛】本题考查二次函数的图象、一次函数的图象，解答本题的关键是明确题意，利用数形结合的思想解答．7．D解析：D【解析】【分析】移项后两边配上一次项系数一半的平方即可得．【详解】解：∵x2-8x=5，∴x2-8x+16=5+16，即（x-4）2=21，故选D．【点睛】本题考查的知识点是解一元二次方程的能力，解题关键是熟练掌握解一元二次方程的几种常用方法：直接开平方法、因式分解法、公式法、配方法，结合方程的特点选择合适、简便的方法．8．D解析：D【解析】【分析】【详解】作半径OC⊥AB于点D，连结OA，OB，∵将O沿弦AB折叠，圆弧较好经过圆心O，∴OD=CD，OD=12OC=12OA，∴∠OAD=30°（30°所对的直角边等于斜边的一半），同理∠OBD=30°，∴∠AOB=120°，∴∠APB=12∠AOB=60°.（圆周角等于圆心角的一半）故选D.9．B解析：B【解析】【分析】根据中心对称图形的概念对各选项分析判断即可得解．【详解】解：A 、不是中心对称图形，故本选项不符合题意；B 、是中心对称图形，故本选项符合题意；C 、不是中心对称图形，故本选项不符合题意；D 、不是中心对称图形，故本选项不符合题意．故选B ．【点睛】本题考查了中心对称图形的概念，中心对称图形是要寻找对称中心，旋转180度后两部分重合．10．B解析：B【解析】分析：∵函数y=x 2+bx+c 与x 轴无交点，∴b 2﹣4c ＜0；故①错误。

贵阳一中集团校 2020-2021 学年度第一学期联合监测（一）第一卷（选择题，共50分）第一部分完形填空。

（共两节，16小题；每小题1分，共16分）We know that tea is the most popular drink in the world. However, do you believe that it was an accidental 1._________? It’s believed by many people that tea was first drunk about 5,000 years ago and the first person to discover tea as a drink was a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong. He found that the boiling drinking water 2._______leaves from a tea plant produced a nice smell and it tasted delicious. Then, tea was invented as one of the most popular drinks in the world. Shen Nong was 3._________ in Lu Yu’s book called Cha Jing several thousand years la ter. A lot of information about tea can be found in his book. For example, you may know about 4._________ tea plants were grown and used to make tea, together with where the finest tea leaves were produced and what kinds of water were used. Tea was brought from China to other countries very 5._________and widely. During the 6th and 7th centuries, tea was brought to Korea and Japan. In around 1660, tea appeared in England and soon it became the national drink. The tea trade which took place in the 19th century helped to spread the 6._______of tea and the tea plant to more places around the world. There’s no doubt that we Chinese best understand the nature of tea besides tea culture.第二节阅读下面一篇短文，从每题所给的A.B.C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020-2021学年贵阳一中新世界国际学校高三语文第一次联考试题及答案解析一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文字，完成下列各小题。

《红楼梦》中的服饰有一些是汉族历代传承的服饰，但也有很多是清代人的穿着。

黛玉初至荣国府时，见到王熙凤穿着“缕金百蝶穿花大红洋缎窄裉袄，外罩五彩刻丝石青银鼠褂”。

袭人要回家探亲时也是在“桃红百子刻丝银鼠袄子”外，再套上“青缎灰鼠褂”。

徐珂《清稗类钞•服饰》中说：“褂，外衣也，礼服之加于袍外者。

”赵振民《中国衣冠中之满服成分》索性认定：“中国古无‘褂’字盖满制也。

”应该说褂子是清代人对肥大上衣的习惯称谓。

贾宝玉是作者着墨最多、寄托最深的人物之一。

他的服饰特色主要体现在红色上。

初见黛玉时，服饰以红为主色；群芳夜宴时，枕着红香花枕；祭晴雯时，穿着血点般大红裤子：看破红尘出家时，身披“大红猩猩毡的斗篷”。

这是因为红色是最能体现宝玉个性特征和心理状态的颜色。

红色有强烈的视觉效果，具有令人产生激动、热烈的本性和感情的力量，与他热情奔放的性格暗合。

红色也体现了他尊重女性的心理特征。

中国传统文化中，红色常是女性的代名词，古代男子常称其女性好友为“红颜知己”。

宝玉非常推崇、爱慕和关心女性，红色岂不正是他怡悦红颜的绝妙注解？红色还是他反抗封建礼教、追求个性解放的象征。

他虽被视为掌上明珠，却处处受羁绊，恨不能挣脱封建礼教的束缚。

而红色常使人联想到火焰和鲜血的颜色，是充满刺激性和令人振奋的色彩。

它能使人产生积极进取的态度，这正是宝玉性格的写照。

服饰不但能突现人的外貌和性格，在阶级社会里，更能显示人的地位。

贾雨村还是寄住在葫芦庙内的一个穷儒时，曹雪芹只用“敝巾旧服”四个字就画出了这个落魄文人的潦倒。

邢岫烟虽为小姐，无奈家道艰难，只能着“家常旧衣”，连冬天也穿得“很单薄”。

对那些美貌而富贵的人曹雪芹则不惜浓墨重彩。

只看看宝玉的佩戴物就知道了。

他的帽子是嵌玉紫金冠；颈上挂着饰有“金螭缨络”的项圈；那通灵宝玉，先是用“五彩金丝”系着，后又由莺儿织了一个“梅花络”套上；又有“寄名锁”——在神僧面前“寄名”为“弟子”，再铸一把锁，以示神命锁住；还有道士所画能祛邪的“护身符”。

2020-2021(上)九年级第一次半月考数学试卷 (A卷)（2020.8.31）总分：150分时间：120分钟命题人：一、选择题（每小题4分，共40分）1．下列二次根式中，最简二次根式的个数是（），，，，，，，． A．1个B．2个C．3个D．4个2．下面关于x的方程：①ax2+bx+c＝0；②x+3＝；③ 3（x﹣9）2﹣（x+1）2＝1；④（a2+2a+2）x2﹣a＝0；⑸＝x﹣1．一元二次方程的个数是（）A．1 B．2 C．3 D．43．使分式有意义的x的取值范围是（）A．x＞﹣1或x≠3 B．x≥﹣1或x≠3 C．x＞﹣1且x≠3 D．x≥﹣1且x≠3 4．某超市一月份的营业额为200万元，第一季度的营业额1000万元，如果平均每月增长率为x元，则由题意列方程应为（）A．200（1+x）2＝1000 B．200+200•2•x＝1000C．200+200•3•x＝1000 D．200[1+（1+x）+（1+x）2]＝1000 5．设关于x的方程ax2+（a+2）x+9a＝0有两个不相等的实数根x1、x2，且x1＜2＜x2，那么实数a的取值范围是（）．A ．；B ．﹣＜a ＜；C ．；D．﹣＜a＜0．6. 若实数a，b 满足+＝3，﹣＝3k，则k的取值范围是（）A．﹣3≤k≤2 B．﹣3≤k≤3 C．﹣1≤k≤1 D．k≥﹣17．设x1，x2是方程x2+x﹣3＝0的两个实数根，则x23﹣4x12+6＝（）A．﹣23 B．﹣19 C．﹣13 D．﹣98．若关于x 的不等式组的整数解共有4个，则关于x的一元二次方程8x2﹣8x+m＝0的根的情况是（）A．有两个不相等的实数根B．有两个相等的实数根C．没有实数根D．有一个实数根9．方程|x2﹣6x|＝a有不同的四个解，则a的取值范围是（）A．a≤9 B．0≤a≤9 C．0＜a＜9 D．0＜a≤910．若实数a 满足方程，则[a]＝（），其中[a]表示不超过a的最大整数．A．0 B．1 C．2 D．3二、填空题（每小题4分，共24分）11．若（a﹣b）x2+（b﹣c）x+（c﹣a）＝0是关于x的一元二次方程，则必有一根为x＝．12. 等腰三角形的三边长分别为a，b，2，且a，b是关于x的一元二次方程x2﹣8x+n﹣2＝0的两根，则n的值为．13．已知m是方程x2﹣2017x+1＝0的一个根，则代数式m2﹣2018m++3的值是．14．已知a•b ≠1，且有5a2+2009a+8＝0及8b2+2009b+5＝0，则＝．15．若x2﹣x﹣2＝0，则的值为．16．代数式的最小值为。

2019——2020年度贵阳一中新世界国际学校初三年级第一次月考化学试卷一、选择题（共14小题）1．新世界人爱新世界，下列说法正确的是（）A．边走边吃，随意乱丢包装袋B．未及时冲厕C．志愿爱护环境D．随意践踏草坪、破坏公物2．中华民族有着光辉灿烂的发明史，下列发明创造不涉及化学反应的是（）A．火药的使用B．用铁矿石冶铁C．烧结黏土制陶瓷D．打磨磁石制指南针3．规范的操作是实验成功的保证。

下列实验操作正确的是（）A．O2的验满B．收集O2C．滴加液体D．检查气密性4．关于催化剂的说法正确的是（）A．化学反应后催化剂本身的质量减少B．反应前后催化剂的化学性质通常会发生改变C．催化剂可加快或减慢化学反应速率D．用氯酸钾制取氧气时，加入催化剂可使生成氧气的质量增加5．元素铅的质子数为82，相对原子质量为207，求该元素原子核内中子数与核外电子数之差（）A．42 B．43 C．82 D．836．下列对分子、原子、离子的认识，不正确的是（）A．分子、原子、离子都能直接构成物质B．气体压缩为液体，分子体积和质量变小C．温度越高，分子运动速率越快D．钠原子和钠离子的化学性质不同7．下列关于四种粒子的结构示意图的说法中正确的是（）A．共有四种元素B．①属于阳离子④属于阴离子C．①③的化学性质相似D．①④已达到相对稳定结构8．我国已启动“嫦娥工程”探月计划发射绕月飞行的探测卫星“嫦娥一号”。

人类探月的重要目的之一是勘察、获取地球上蕴藏量很小而月球上却极为丰富的核聚变燃料“C- 13”是指原子核内含有6个质子、7个中子的碳原子，则“He - 3”所指的氦原子核内（）A．含有3个质子，没有中子B．含有2个质子，1个中子C．含有1个质子，2个中子D．含有3个中子，没有质子9．某公司发生火灾引发液氨泄露并发生化学爆炸，造成重大伤亡。

液氨是液态的氨气，常温下，氨气（NH3）是一种无色、有刺激性气味的气体，密度比空气小。

实验室常用氯化铵固体与碱石灰固体共热制取氨气。

2021届贵阳一中新世界国际学校高三英语第一次联考试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ALook at Some Greatest BookstoresAnother CountryKreuzberg, Berlin, Germany. Another Country is an English Language second hand bookshop which is mostly used as a library. They have about 20, 000 books that you can buy or borrow. Some regular events are held at the shop, such as readings, cultural events, social evenings and film nights.Atlantis BooksOia, Santorini, Greece. Atlantis Books is an independent bookshop on the island of Santorini, Greece. It was founded in 2004 by a group of friends from Cyprus, England, and the United States. Throughout the year it has hosted literary festivals, film screenings, book readings, and good old fashioned dance parties.Bart’s BooksOjai, California. U. S. A. “The World’s Greatest Outdoor Bookstore”, a bookstore founded by Richard Bartinsdale in 1964. Shelves of books face the street, and regular customers are asked to drop coins into the door’s coin box to pay for any books they take whenever the store is closed.Adrian Harringtonsince 1971. Rare books: rare first editions; leather bound sets and general antiquarian(古玩).Address: 64a Kensington Church Street, Kensington, London, England, UK.Corso Como BookshopMilan, Italy. Extensive selection of publication on art architecture, design graphics and fashion, along with a strong emphasis on photography. It was founded in 1990 in Milan, Italy, by Carla Sozzamil.The BookwormChina. A bookshop, library, bar, restaurant and event space, now with four divisions in three cities — Beijing, Suzhou and Chengdu. The interconnecting rooms with floor-to-ceiling books on every wall are light and airy in summer, yet warm and comfortable in winter.1.What can you do in Atlantis Books?A.Enjoy rare books.B.Attend a festival.C.Learn photography.D.Buy books anytime.2.Which bookstore has the longest history?A.Adrian Harrington.B.Atlantis Books.C.Bart’s Books.D.Corso Como Bookshop.3.How is The Bookworm different from the others?A.It is used as a library.B.It focuses on photography.C.It hosts all sorts of activities.D.It has branches in different cities.BSimply being quiet is a growing appeal. Lots of business have appeared to meet a rising demand for quiet time, from silent weekend getaways to silent dining, silent reading parties and even silent dating. Silence can mean different things to different people. We are usually silent only with those closest to us. So there is something almost radical(不同凡响的)about the recent trend towards enjoying silence with strangers.Mariel started a regular silent reading party inDundeejust under a year ago. Readers bring their books and meet in a bar, where they read together in silence for an hour or sometimes two and then put their books away to chat and have a drink. “When the reading party starts, everything goes quiet,” says Mariel, “ It’s a little bit surreal (超现实的), especially in what is usually a noisy bar. However, there is something special about sharing the silence with others. It offers a chance to escape from reality; everyone is so busy with work and with technology being ever present. An event like thisgives people the opportunity to escape these things for a while.”Honi Ryan is an artist based inBerlinwho began hosting silent dinner back in 2006. The rules of the dinner are: no talking, no using your voice, no reading or writing, trying to make as little noise as possible, not connecting with technology, and staying for at least two hours. So far she has taken her silent dinner project toMexico, theUS,AustraliaandChina. “It’s evident that the age-old connections we make over food do not depend on the words around it. Silence creates the space for the people and places involved to fill with whatever is needed;itis quite different from our usual social behaviors.”4. Why have lots of silent businesses appeared?A. To satisfy people’s demand for silence.B. To make people get close to each other.C. To appeal to young people.D. To change people’s old way of life.5. What can we learn about Mariel’s silent reading parties?A. Readers can use their voice while reading.B. Readers can be busy with their work.C. Readers can connect with technology.D. Readers can chat and drink after reading.6. The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refers to .A. noiseB. spaceC. silenceD. food7. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Escape from Reality.B. Enjoying Being Quiet.C. Silent Reading Parties.D. Silent Dining Projects.CChina's Mars probe Tianwen-1 successfully landed on the surface of the red planet on May 15, 2021, leaving a Chinese footprint on Mars for the first time and in its first attempt, becoming the only other nation besides theUSto get such an achievement. The Tianwen-1 probe touched down at its pre-selected landing area in the southern part of Utopia Planitia, a wide plain on Mars, at 7:18 a.m.(Beijing Time), after three months scanning the whole planet on Mars docking orbit, the China National Space Administration(CNSA) announced.Tianwen-1, including an orbiter, a lander and a rover, was launched from the 'Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site on the coast of southernChinas islandprovinceofHainanon July 23, 2020. It was the first step inChina's planetary exploration of the solar system, with the aim of completing orbiting, landing and roving on the red planet in one mission. According to the administration, the country's first Martian probe will conduct scientific investigations about the Martian soil, environment, atmosphere as well as water.China's planetary exploration program has been named “Tianwen”, which was named after a long poem by the famous ancient poet Qu Yuan. The name represents the Chinese nation's willpower in pursuing truth, the country's cultural inheritance of its understanding of nature and universe, as well as the unending exploration in science and technology.China's first Mars rover has been named “Zhurong”, which means the god of fire in an ancient Chinese story. The name indicates Chinese people's blessing for the rover to light the flame ofChina's planetary exploration. The rover has six wheels and four solar panels, and carries 13 scientific instruments. According to the CNSA, Zhurong has started its scientific exploration after moving from the landing platform onto the Red Planet's surface on May 22.More than 40 Mars missions have been launched since the 1960s, but only about half have succeeded. It isthe first time in the world that orbiting, landing and roving on Mars has been completed in one launch mission, andChinahas come to the forefront of Mars exploration in the world.8. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs?A. China is the only nation to launch a probe to Mars.B. Tianwen-1 landed in the northern part of the planet.C. Tianwen-1 scanned the southern part of the planet.D. The Mars probe will carry out scientific investigations.9. How did the planetary exploration program get its name?A. From a long poem by Qu Yuan.B. From an ancient Chinese story.C. From Chinese nation's willpower.D. From theChinaNational Space Administration.10. Why does the author sayChinahas come to the leading position of Mars exploration?A. The rover carried many scientific instruments.B. China completed three tasks in one attempt.C. The rover successfully moved from the landing platform onto Mars.D. The CNSA is continuously exploring science and technology.11. What is the text mainly about?A. Tianwen-1 completed its mission.B. Tianwen-1 represented the god of fire.C. Tianwen-1 successfully landed on Mars.D. Tianwen-1 was launched from Wenchang.DIf you've ever had a dog, you know just howdeep a connection you can develop with “man's best friend”. But a dog's life is much shorter than humans, about 12 to 15 years long, which means every dog owner has to go through the heart­breaking moment when their loving pet passes away.Why not make a clone of that dog then? This is the solution offered by a South Korean company, Sooam Biotech Research Foundation. The company has already successfully cloned at least 400 dogs, mostly for US customers, ever since it pioneered the technique in 2005. Now, Sooam Biotech has introduced its business toUKdog owners as well, offering them dogs that look just like their lost ones.To clone a dog, researchers first need to take a skin cell from a living dog or one that has just died. Meanwhile,another dog is selected to supply an egg. Researchers then replace the DNA in the egg with that fromthe skin cell and implant the egg into the womb (子宫) of a female dog. The egg grows into a puppy over the following two months. The whole process takes less than a day, but it comes at a shockingly high price — around ￡63,000.But if you can't afford it now, you can also save the cell in a laboratory andaccess it at a later date.However, magical as cloning might sound, there is no guarantee that the cloned dog will be a perfect copy of the original one. Just like identical twins of humans, they share the exactly same DNA but there will still be small differences between them. “The spots on a Dalmatian (斑点狗) clone will be different, for example” Insung Hwang, head of Sooam Biotech, told The Guardian.Dog owners will also have to accept the fact that personality is not “cloneable”. Apart from genes, personality is also determined by upbringing and environment, which are both random elements that cloning technologies simply cannot overcome, Professor Tom Kirkwood atNewcastle University,UK, told The Telegraph.Perhaps bringing our dogs back by cloning is not the best way to remember them after all.Kirkwood, a dog owner himself, pointed out, “An important aspect of our relationship with them is coming to terms with the pain of letting go.”12. What service does Sooam Biotech Research Foundation offer?A. Making copies of pet dogs.B. Giving pet dogs identical twinsC. Helping dogs give birth to more puppies.D.Helping dog owners love their dogs more.13. Which order is correct in the dog cloning process?a. An egg is taken from another dog.b. A skin cell is taken from the pet dog.c. The egg grows into a puppy in two months.d. The egg is placed in the womb of a female dog.e. The DNA in the egg is replaced by the DNA from the skin cell.A.a→d→b→e→c.B. a→e→b→d→cC. b→a→d→e→c.D. b→a→e→d→c.14. What can we learn about dog cloning from the passage?A. It has not been put into practice until recently.B. It is very popular among US andUKpet owners.C. It might not give the owners an exactlysame dog.D. It is very expensive and usually takes half a year to complete.15. What doesKirkwoodthink of dog cloning?A. He disagrees with it.B. He supports it.C. He is curious about it.D. He thinks it unbelievable.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020-2021学年贵阳一中新世界国际学校高三英语期中考试试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AOn a rainy afternoon, maybe one of the following books will keep you company leisurely, allowing you to spend your time alone as well as stepping into a different world.Don’t Shed Your Tears for Anyone Who Lives on These Streets,by Patricio PronIn April 1945,Italy, a writer disappeared at a conference and was found dead at another place. Thirty years later, a young man interviewed survivors from the conference, trying to uncover the truth about what happened and its consequences. This novel, by a well-known Argentine writer, explores art, crime and politics.When Breath Becomes Air, by Paul KalanithiAt thirty-six, Paul Kalanithi was diagnosed (诊断) with stage IV lung cancer. One day he was a doctor treating the dying, and the next he was a patient. This autobiography finds hope and beauty in the face of death as Kalanithi attempts to answer the question “What makes a life worth living?”.To Killa Mockingbird, by Harper LeeSet in a smallAlabamatown in the 1930s, the story focuses on honest, highly respected lawyer Atticus Finch who puts his career on the line when he agrees to represent Tom Robinson, a black man accused of committing a crime.Nobody Will Tell You This But Me: A true (as told to me) storyby Bess KalbBess Kalb saved every voicemail from her grandmother Bobby Bell who died at ninety. In this book, Bobby is speaking to Bess once more, in a voice as loving as it ever was in life and brings us several generations of brave women. They include Bobby’s mother, who traveled alone fromBelarustoAmericato survive, and Bess’s mother, who always fought against convention.1.What type of book is the first novel?A.Sci-fi.B.Biography.C.Detective books.D.History books.2.Which book explores life and death?A.To Kill a MockingbirdB.When Breath Becomes AirC.Don’t Shed Your Tears for Anyone Who Lives on These StreetsD.Nobody Will Tell You This But Me: A true (as told to me) story3.Who is the main character in the last novel?A.Bobby Bell.B.Bess Kalb.C.Bess’s mother.D.Bobby’s mother.BJules Verne was born on 8 February1828 inthe French city of Nantes. From an early age, he had a fascination with exploration and discovery. When he was six, his teacher, Madame Sambin, told him stories about her husband, who disappeared while traveling the world on a ship 30 years before. She told her class that he was like Robinson Crusoe, a fictional castaway who lived on a desert island. Verne would later write stories about similar characters.In 1847, Verne was sent by his family to study law at a university in Paris, but he preferred to write novels, poems and plays. After graduating, he realized he wanted to write adventure stories based on science and technology.Thishad never been done before, but Verne was sure that it would be a success. His first story, Five Weeks in a Balloon, was published in September 1862. His career lasted for more than 40 years, during which time he wrote more than 60 gripping stories.To begin with, Verne wrote positive and optimistic books. Many of these were to be his most popular creations. Although some included fantastical elements, they were usually based in scientific fact, making them believable. These happy stories weren’t to last. As he got older, Verne became less confident in the idea that science and technology were always good for the planet. His books started to include more scientists who used technology for their own-sometimes evil - purposes. Verne died on 24 March 1905, but new books continued to be published until 1919. These stories were based on ideas Verne had written about while he was still alive, but featured new characters and plots created by his son, Michel.In the 20th century, his books were translated into more than 140 languages and several successful film versions were released. His creations have been recognized as an inspiration for many scientists and inventors. Many of the futuristic ideas from his most popular books have since come true.4. What is the purpose of Paragraph 1?A To show Verne’s discovery.B. To offer the background information of Verne.C. To tell of the adventure of Sambin’s husband.D. To explain how Verne began his writing career.5. What does the underlined word “This” refer to in Paragraph 2:A. Writing novels, poems and plays.B. Studying law.C. Graduating from university.D. Wring adventure stories.6. What can be learned about Verne’s late works?A. They covered happy elements.B. They were unbelievable stories.C. They revealed Verne’s doubt on science.D. They were partly written by Berne’s son.7. Which of the following best describes Verne?A. Talented and productive.B. Popular and caring.C. Optimistic and generous.D. Friendly and honest.CThere are similarities and differences between high school life and college life.For one thing, there are several similarities between high school life and collegelife. First, the most important task in high school and college is both studying. Studying is the most important as a student. Second, we need a goal to fight for in both high school life and college life. To lead a meaningful life, we have to set up a goal to achieve.For another, there are also some differences between high school life and college life. First, our studying is also the biggest difference. In high school, we are required to follow our teachers' steps and finish theirassignmentsevery day. While in college, there are no teachers giving such detailed requirements to us and we can choose study or not according to our own willing. What and how to study totally depends on us. Therefore, the ability of self-control is very important in college life. Second, the flexibility (灵活性) of time is another difference. In high school, we have no much leisure except for our time of study. However, in college, we have much controlled by ourselves except the time of classes. And we have more time to do what we like. Finally, college lifeis much more various and richer. Besides study, we can attend many other activities, which make ourcollege life more wonderful.In brief, there are both similarities and differences between high school life and college life. However, no matter we are in which period, we need to make full use of every day so that we will never feel regretful.8. Why do students need a goal to fight in high school and college?A. To enter a good college.B. To avoid living a meaningless life.C. To develop the ability of control.D. To meet their parents’ satisfaction.9. What does the underlined word “assignments” in paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Projects.B. Tasks.C. Goals.D. Dreams.10. Which is the correct structure of the passage?A. ①-②③-④B. ①②-③-④C. ①-②③④D.①②-③④11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. College LifeB. High School LifeC. High School and CollegeD. High School Life and College LifeDBritish sculptor Jason Taylor has made it his mission to use his talent to conserve our ecosystems by creating underwater museums. Over the years, the environmentalist has put over 850 massive artworks underwater worldwide. On February 1, 2021, Taylor launched his latest work — The Underwater Museum of Cannes.―The main goal was to bring attention to the fact that our oceans need our help,‖ Taylor told Dezeen. ―Ocean ecology has been destroyed by human activity in the Mediterranean over the past few decades, and it is not obvious what is taking place when observing the sea from afar.‖The Underwater Museum of Cannes contains 6 sculptures featuring local residents of various ages. They range from Maurice, an 80-year-old fisherman, to Anouk, a 9-year-old student. Towering over 6-feet-tall and weighing 10 tons, the faces are sectioned into two parts, with the outer part like a mask. The mask indicates that the world’s oceans appear powerful and unbeatable from the surface but house an ecosystem that is extremely fragile to careless human activities.Though the waters surrounding the sculptures now appear a pristine blue, the seabed was filled with old boat engines, pipes, and other human-made trash when the project began about four years ago. Besides removingthe trash, Taylor also restored the area’s sea grass. Just one square meter of the sea grass can generate up to 10 liters of oxygen daily. The sea grass also helps prevent coastal erosion and provides habitats for many ocean creatures.―The idea of creating an underwater museum was to draw more people underwater and develop a sense of care and protection,‖ Taylor told Dezeen. ―If we threw unwanted waste near a forest, there would be a public outcry. But this is happening every day in our surrounding waters and it largely goes unnoticed.12. Why does the outer part ofthe sculptures look like a mask?A. To popularize the features of the locals.B. To remind people to protect themselves.C. To reflect people’s protection of the ocean.D. To stress the sensitiveness of the ecosystem.13. What’s paragraph 4 mainly about?A. How the project was started.B. How the sea grass was restored.C. What recovery effort the project made.D. Why the surroundings were improved.14. What can we infer from what Jason Taylor said in the last paragraph?A. The situation of the ocean is easily ignored.B. The destruction caused to the ocean is noticeable.C. Forests play a more important role in ecosystems.D. People have zero tolerance to damage done to nature.15. What might be the best title for the text?A. The Underwater Museum, a long way to go.B. The Underwater Museum, a big difference to the sea.C. The Underwater Museum, an appeal to conserve ecosystems.D. The Underwater Museum, a masterpiece of Jason Taylor.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020-2021学年贵阳一中新世界国际学校高三英语一模试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ARome can be pricey for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel (旅社). The hostels in Rome offer a bed in a dorm room for around $25 anight, and for that, you’ll often get to stay in a central location (位置) with security and comfort.Yellow HostelIf I had to make just one recommendation for where to stay in Rome, it would be Yellow Hostel. It’s one of the best-rated hostels in the city, and for good reason. It’s affordable, and it’s got a fun atmosphere without being too noisy. As an added bonus, it’s close to the main train station.Hostel Alessandro PalaceIf you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome. Hostel Alessandro Palace is fun. Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests like free shots, bar crawls and karaoke. There’s also an area on the rooftop for hanging out with other travelers during the summer.Youth Station HostelIf you’re looking for cleanliness and a modern hostel, look no further than Youth Station. It offers beautiful furnishings and beds. There are plenty of other benefits, too; it doesn’t charge city tax; it has both air conditioning and a heater for the rooms; it also has free Wi-Fi in every room.Hotel and Hostel Des ArtistesHotel and Hostel Des Artistes is located just a 10-minute walk from the central city station and it’s close to all of the city’s main attractions. The staff is friendly and helpful, providing you with a map of the city when you arrive, and offering advice if you require some. However, you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi.1.What is probably the major concern of travelers who choose to stay in a hostel?fort.B.Security.C.Price.D.Location.2.Which hotel best suits people who enjoy an active social life?A.Yellow Hostel.B.Hostel Alessandro Palace.C.Youth Station Hostel.D.Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes.3.What is the disadvantage of Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes?A.It gets noisy at night.B.Its staff is too talkative.C.It charges for Wi-Fi.D.It’s inconveniently located.BIn the summer of 2016, I gave a talk at a small conference in northernVirginia. I began by admitting that I’d never had a social-media account; I then outlined arguments for why other peopleshould consider removing social media from their lives. The event organizers uploaded the video of my talk to YouTube. Then it was shared repeatedly on Facebook and Instagram and, eventually, viewed more than five million times. I was both pleased and annoyed by the fact that my anti-social-media talk had found such a large audience on social media.I think of this event as typical of the love-hate relationships many of us have with Facebook, Instagram, and other social-media platforms. On the one hand, we’ve grown cautious about the so-called attention economy, which, in the name of corporate(公司的) profits, destroys social life gradually and offends privacy. But we also benefit from social media and hesitate to break away from it completely. Not long ago, Imet a partner at a large law firm in Washington, D.C., who told me that she keeps Instagram on her phone because she misses her kids when she travels; looking through pictures of them makes her feel better.In recent months, some of the biggest social-media companies, Facebook and Twitter, in particular, have promised various reforms. In March, Mark Zuckerberg announced a plan to move his platform toward private communication protected by end-to-end encryption(端对端加密); later that month, he put forward the establishment of a third-party group to set standards for acceptable content.All of these approaches assume that the reformation of social media will be a complex, lengthy, and gradual process. But not everyone sees it that way. Alongside these official responses, a loose collective of developers that calls itself the IndieWeb has been creating another alternative. They are developing their own social-media platforms, which they say will preserve what’s good about social media while getting rid of what’s bad. They hope to rebuild social media according to principles that are less corporate and more humane(人道的).4. Why did the author feel annoyed when his video was spread online?A. His video caused many arguments.B. His video was shared without his permission.C. His talk was opposed by a large amount of people.D. His video’s popularity on social media is against his talk.5. Why does the author mention the story of his partner in paragraph 2?A. To prove that social media has some benefits.B. To advise people to break away from social media.C. To tell the negative effects social media may produce.D. To describe people’s complicated relationships with social media.6. What is the purpose of the reform made by some social-media companies?A. To attract more users.B. To improve network environment.C. To make more profits.D. To provide more convenientservice.7. What does the IndieWeb intend to do?A. Develop new social-media platforms.B. Remove social media from people’s lives.C. Improve the existing social-media principles.D. Help social-media companies to make reformation.CIn Colombia a group, named WebConserva, is carrying out a project in the San Lucas Mountains with the help of coffee growers.The San Lucas area is one of the most unexplored places in Colombia, which is home to many thousands of species of animals and plants. Yet gold mining and coca farming have dealt a blow to its ecosystem. To limit additional development in the San Lucas area, the group helps coffee growers by linking them with processors from around the country.Colombia has more different kinds of living things than any other country except neighboring Brazil. In 2016, the Colombian government signed a peace deal with the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia ending years of civil war. As a result, more land became accessible for use, with deforestation(毁林) coming along. Government information shows that in 2017, almost 220,000 hectares of forest were destroyed compared to around 124,000 hectares in 2015.To date, the project includes 10 families who farm 400 hectares of coffee plants, which costs about $77,000 dollars a year. WebConserva hopes that, in time, 200 families will be included. At that level, 20,000 hectares of untouched forest could be protected. In San Lucas, the families promise not to cut down trees to expand their crops or to hunt wild animals from the forests. In return, they receive $ 250 to $ 300 per 125 kilograms of coffee, an enviable amount there. Arcadio Barajas is among those taking part. His new coffee plantation(种植园) makes a barrier between cattle farms and forests where wild animals like the jaguar live and hunt. In this way, he doesn'thave to kill wild animals to protect his cattle.Barajas said that pulling down the forest to plant coca and killing wildlife were against his will. Now he feels that growing coffee lets him be astewardof the land. "I'm taking care of the environment, the forest and the animals," he said.8. Why does WebConserva set up the project?A. To help local farmers make money.B. To expand areas of coffee growing.C. To link processors with coffee growers.D. To conserve biodiversity in the Mountains.9. What happened after Colombia’s civil war was over?A. Colombia helped many needy families.B. Colombia lost lots of areas of forests.C. Colombia started to save damaged forests.D. Colombia became more peaceful than Brazil.10. Which is probably a function of Barajas's coffee plantation?A. A method of protecting cattle and wildlife.B. A substitute for hunting of wild animals.C. A barrier between man and wild animals.D. A shelter for cattle against human hunters.11. What does the underlined word "steward" mean in the last paragraph?A. Farmer.B. Master.C. Guardian.D. Explorer.DA 25-year-old American with a university degree can expect to livea decade longer than a peer who dropped out of high school. Although researchers have long known that the rich live longer than the poor, this education gap is less well documented. And although the average American’s expected span(预期寿命) has been smooth in recent year—and, shockingly, even fell between 2015 and 2017—that of the one-third with a bachelor’s degree has continued to lengthen.This gap in life expectancy is growing, according to new research published in the report of the National Academy of Sciences. Anne Case and Angus Deation ofPrincetonUniversityfound that the lifespans of those withand without a bachelor’s degree started to become different in the 1990s and 2000s. This gap grew even wider in the 2010s.What is the link between schooling and longevity(长寿)? Some argue that better-educated people develop healthier lifestyles: each additional year of study reduces the chances of being a smoker and of being overweight. The better-educated earn more, which in turn is associated with greaterhealth.Ms Case and Mr Deaton argue that changes in labor markets, including the rise of automation and increased demand for highly-educated workers, coupled with the rising costs of employer-provided health care, have decreased the supply of well-paid jobs for those without a degree. This may be contributing to higher rates of alcohol and drug use, suicide and other “deaths of despair”.The authors argued that the educational gap in mortality(致死率) will widenin the wake ofthe covid-19 pandemic. ForAmerica’s overall life expectancy to start climbing again, improvements will be needed across all social groups, not just among the privileged few.12. When did the lifespans of people with and without a degree vary greatly?A. In the 1990s.B. In the 2020sC. In the 2000sD. In the 2010s13. According to the article, changes in labor markets reduce jobs for those without a degree. Which change is NOT included?A. The rising spending of employer-provided health care.B. The gap in life expectancy.C. Raised request for better-educated workers.D. The development of automation.14. What does the underlined phrase “in the wake of” probably mean ?A. afterB. untilC. beforeD. while15. What is the best title for the text?A. Changes in labor market.B. Quit bad habits by Further studyC. Educated Americans live longer.D. Highly-educated people develop healthier lifestyles.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020-2021学年贵阳一中新世界国际学校高三生物一模试题及参考答案一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。

1. 中枢神经系统包括（）A. 脑和脊髓B. 脑和脑神经C. 大脑和小脑D. 脑神经和脊神经2. 图中横坐标甲、乙、丙、丁表示某种哺乳动物（2n）在有性生殖过程中某些时期的细胞。

图中a、b、c 表示各种结构或物质在不同时期的数量变化，可以与图中甲、乙、丙、丁相对应的细胞是（）A. 初级精母细胞、次级精母细胞、精细胞、精子B. 精原细胞、初级精母细胞、次级精母细胞、精细胞C. 卵原细胞、次级卵母细胞、第一极体、第二极体D. 卵原细胞、初级卵母细胞、次级卵母细胞、第一极体3. 下列有关生物体中化合物的叙述，正确的是（）A.淀粉、糖原和纤维素彻底水解之后，得到的产物是不同的B.性激素在体液调节中发挥作用，其元素组成与磷脂的不同C.DNA和蛋白质分子的多样性都与分子的空间结构密切相关D.多聚体水解的过程，需要水分子参与并消耗一定量的ATP4. 下列相关实验的叙述中，正确的是A.用淀粉酶、糖和淀粉为材料证明“酶的专一性”时;可以用斐林试剂对反应产物进行检测B.洋葱鮮片叶的外表皮，既可以用于观察DNA和RNA在细胞中的分布，也可以用于观察植物细胞的质壁分离和复原现象C.在观察洋葱根尖细胞的有丝分裂的实验中，盐酸的作用是增大细胞膜对染色剂的通透性并使DNA与蛋白质分开D.向一个密闭玻璃容器中的绿色植物提供C18O2和H218O，用以探究氧气中氧元素的来源5. 下列关于细胞结构和功能的叙述，错误的是（）A. 线粒体为细胞生命活动提供能量B. 核糖体是蛋白质加工的场所C. 叶绿体是进行光合作用的场所D. 细胞膜能控制物质进出细胞6. 当细胞新陈代谢旺盛、生长迅速时，结合水与自由水的比值将( )A. 保持不变B. 降低C. 升高D. 不能确定7. 脂肪酸是由碳、氢、氧三种元素组成的一类化合物，是脂肪、磷脂和糖脂的主要成分，在脂肪酸浓度较低时需要脂肪酸转运蛋白介导的转运系统来实现跨膜运输。