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SKF轴承型号详解轴承的代号一个完整的SKF轴承型号是由基本代号加上一个或多个补充代号组成（也有些轴承可能不带任何补充代号）,就是我们称之为前缀和后缀。
SKF 轴承的外包装上会标出完整的轴承型号，即基本代号和补充代号，但由于制造的一些原因，有些情况下，在轴承上标注的型号可能是不完整的。
基本代号表示轴承的类型，尺寸和标准的设计，而补充代号表示轴承结构的一些变化（变型）和轴承组件的特殊性。
基本代号：23230补充代号：23230CC/W3323230（轴承类型）(0):双列角接触球轴承1：自动调心球轴承2：球面滚子轴承及球面滚子推力轴承3：圆锥滚子轴承4：双列深沟球轴承5：推力球轴承6：单列深沟球轴承7：单列角接触球轴承8：圆柱滚子推力轴承N：圆柱滚子轴承QJ:四点接触球轴承C：CARB圆环滚子轴承23230（宽度）在这里第二数字是代表宽度系列，根据不同的轴承类型，表示轴承的宽度或高度。
大部分的深沟球轴承在型号上不显示这个数字。
23230（外径）在这里第三个数字代表外径23230（内径）在这里最后两个数字代表的是轴承的内径。
最后两个数字乘以5就是内径d，单位为毫米。
但只适用于内径20mm到500mm的轴承。
当轴承的内径小于10mm或大于等于500mm时，在斜杠后的数字直接表示其内径的大小，单位为mm。
（有些较小的轴承会省略斜杠），例如：轴承623的内径为3mm，轴承618/8的内径为8mm，轴承240/500的内径为500mm。
当轴承的内径为10mm、12mm、15mm或17mm时，用以下代号表示：00=10mm、01=12mm、02=15mm和03=17mm。
最后给大家一个例子作为参考基本代号为22206是代表一个球面滚子轴承，宽度系列为2，外径系列也是2，内径为30mm。
SKF轴承型号前缀：IR-23232AR：球与保持架组件或滚子与保持架组件IR：径向轴承的内圈K：圆柱滚子与保持架推力组件K-：符合ABMA标准系列英制圆锥滚子轴承带滚子与保持架组件的内圈（圆锥内圈）或外圈（圆锥外圈）L：分离型轴承的内圈或外圈OR-：径向轴承的外圈R：除去内圈或外圈的分离轴承W：不锈钢深沟球轴承WF：外圈带法兰的不锈钢深沟球轴承WS：圆柱滚子推力轴承的轴圈GS——推力圆柱滚子，推力滚针轴承座圈。
SKF轴承型号说明SKF轴承型号说明前缀：GS——圆柱滚子推力轴承的座圈K——圆柱滚子-保持架推力组件K-——ABMA标准系列的英制圆锥滚子轴承内圈连滚子-保持架组件（CONE）或外圈（CUP）L——分离型轴承的内圈或外圈R——分离型轴承的内圈或外圈连滚子-保持架组件W——不锈钢深沟球轴承WS——圆柱滚子推力轴承的轴圈ZE——用于电控法安装的轴承后缀：A——经过改进或稍作改变的内部设计。
外形尺寸相同，通常对不同类型或系列的轴承有不同的意义。
例如：4210A-不带装球缺口的双列深沟球轴承；3220A-接触角为30°的双列角接触球轴承AC——接触角为25°的单列角接触球轴承ADA——外圈上的止动槽经过改进，剖分的内圈由一个固定环固定B——经过改进或稍作改变的内部设计。
外形尺的圆柱滚子轴承以上的字母H、M、L和P，同时适用于以下的游隙组别合成对应的意义：C2、C3、C4和C5，如C2HCV——改进内部设计，满装圆柱滚子轴承CS——轴承一侧带具钢骨架的丁腈橡胶（NBR）接触式密封圈CS2——轴承一侧带具钢骨架的氟橡胶（FPM）接触式密封圈CS5——轴承一侧带具钢骨架的氢化丁腈橡胶（HNBR）接触式密封圈2CS——轴承两侧带具钢骨架的丁腈橡胶（NBR）接触式密封圈2CS2——轴承两侧带具钢骨架的氟橡胶（FPM）接触式密封圈2CS5——轴承两侧带具钢骨架的氢化丁腈橡胶（HNBR）接触式密封圈C1——径向游隙小于C2C2——径向游隙小于普通组（CN）C3——径向游隙大于普通组（CN）C4——径向游隙大于C3C5——径向游隙大于C4C02——缩窄的内圈旋转精度公差C04——缩窄的外圈旋转精度公差C08——C02+C04C083——C02+C04+C3C10——缩窄的内径和外径公差D——经过改进或稍作改变的内部设计。
外形尺寸相同，通常对不同类型或系列的轴承有不同的意义。
例如：3310D-剖分内圈的双列接触球轴承DA——外圈上的止动槽经过改进，剖分的内圈由一个固定环固定DB——两个以背对背配对的（1）单列深沟球轴承、（2）单列角接触球轴承、（3）单列圆锥滚子轴承。
skf轴承公差等级SKF轴承作为全球领先的轴承制造商，其产品广泛应用于各类机械设备中。
SKF轴承公差等级是衡量轴承精度的重要指标，它直接影响着轴承的性能和使用寿命。
本文将对SKF轴承公差等级进行详细介绍，帮助大家了解并选择合适的轴承公差等级。
一、SKF轴承简介SKF轴承成立于1907年，总部位于瑞典哥德堡，是一家全球领先的轴承、密封件、润滑系统和机电一体化产品的制造商。
SKF轴承凭借先进的技术、严格的质量控制和丰富的产品线，为全球各类行业提供优质的轴承解决方案。
二、SKF轴承公差等级分类SKF轴承公差等级主要分为以下几类：1.P0级：普通精度轴承，适用于一般工业用途。
2.P6级：较高精度轴承，适用于对精度要求较高的场合。
3.P5级：高精度轴承，适用于高精度设备和仪器。
4.P4级：超高精度轴承，适用于极高精度要求的场合。
5.P2级：极高精度轴承，适用于顶尖领域的研究和应用。
三、不同公差等级的应用场景1.P0级轴承：应用于一般工业设备，如输送线、普通电机等。
2.P6级轴承：应用于对精度有一定要求的设备，如精密机床、伺服电机等。
3.P5级轴承：应用于高精度设备，如精密测量仪器、高端伺服电机等。
4.P4级轴承：应用于超高精度设备，如精密机床、航空航天设备等。
5.P2级轴承：应用于顶尖领域的研究和应用，如高速电机、高精度定位系统等。
四、如何选择合适的SKF轴承公差等级1.分析设备对轴承精度的需求：根据设备的运行速度、负荷能力、振动幅度等因素，确定轴承的公差等级。
2.考虑轴承的耐用性：公差等级越高，轴承的耐用性越低，因此在选择轴承公差等级时，要权衡精度与寿命的关系。
3.结合SKF轴承型号：不同型号的轴承对应不同的公差等级，可根据轴承型号选择合适的公差等级。
4.参考SKF轴承公差表：查阅SKF官方提供的轴承公差表，了解不同轴承的公差等级。
总结：SKF轴承公差等级是轴承性能和使用寿命的关键因素。
在选择轴承公差等级时，要充分考虑设备的实际需求、轴承的耐用性以及轴承型号等因素，以确保轴承在设备中发挥最佳性能。
轮毂轴承和轮毂单元的更换(上）最坏情况下，磨损或损坏的轮毂轴承或轴承单元会带来安全隐患，严重的情况下，可能还会造成伤害。
至少它会在行驶的路途中发生不合时宜且成本较高的失效。
因此，最好的办法是在它们失效前将轮毂轴承或轮毂单元换掉，但又如何知道它们在什么时候失效呢？SKF从数以万次的更换过程中收集到的数据中发现，大多数需要进行轴承更换的汽车行驶的里程在13万~19万km之间。
因此，为了最大限度地确保安全和可靠性，SKF建议在更换制动器时，不管车龄的长短都要检查轮毂轴承，并且时刻注意轴承磨损的早期预警信号，包括任何转动时的磨损噪声或悬挂组合轮在转弯时不正常的减速。
后轮驱动车辆当替换前轮轴承时，即使只坏了一个轴承，也要成对更换。
这是因为导致一个轴承失效的工作条件和作用于另一个轴承的工作条件相似。
大多数生产商建议后轮驱动的车辆在行驶38000km时应对前轮毂轴承进行注油润滑。
然而，大多数情况下，直到更换制动系统才对轴承进行注油润滑，这意味着，在润滑以前，轴承已经工作了两倍或比两倍更多的建议行驶里程数。
每当更换制动系统时，检查轴承并更换油封是一个良好的工作习惯。
后轮驱动时，用的最多的前轮毂轴承是单列圆锥滚子轴承。
圆锥轴承有两个可分离的部件：圆锥内圈和圆锥外圈。
里边的部分或内圈有一个内圈、滚动体和保持架。
外圈是经过硬化处理的钢材，给滚动体提供一个光滑的滚动表面。
在轮端应用中，圆锥滚子轴承通常成对使用。
在一些场合，后轮驱动车辆使用轮毂单元作为前轮轴承，使用轮毂单元的好处在于：大多数轮毂单元是密封的，且在整个寿命期内保持润滑。
虽然球体、锥体、滚柱轮毂轴承在老式的汽车后轮中广泛运用，但轮毂单元的使用量却在日益增长。
大多数后轮驱动车辆上的后轮毂轴承是密封的，且在整个使用寿命期都润滑的，或由差速器中的润滑油润滑。
因此，它们通常没有特定的保养间隔期。
只有当轮毂密封开始渗漏，且引起差速器的润滑油渗透到制动刹车片时，才需要进行维护。
常见国外轴承品牌1. SKF（瑞典）SKF是全球领先的轴承和密封件制造商，总部位于瑞典。
该公司成立于1907年，以其高质量和可靠性而闻名于世。
SKF的轴承产品广泛应用于各个行业，包括汽车、航空航天、能源、冶金等领域。
其产品包括球轴承、滚子轴承、圆锥滚子轴承等。
2. FAG（德国）FAG是德国的一个著名轴承制造商，其全名为Friedrich Fischer Aktien-Gesellschaft。
该公司成立于1883年，以其创始人弗里德里希·菲舍尔（Friedrich Fischer）的名字命名。
FAG的轴承产品在汽车、工程机械、机床等领域得到广泛应用。
其产品包括深沟球轴承、圆柱滚子轴承、角接触球轴承等。
3. NSK（日本）NSK是日本的一家知名轴承制造商，全名为Nippon Seiko Kabushiki Kaisha。
该公司成立于1916年，以其高品质和可靠性而享有盛誉。
NSK的轴承产品广泛应用于汽车、电机、机床等领域。
其产品包括深沟球轴承、圆柱滚子轴承、角接触球轴承等。
4. NTN（日本）NTN是日本的一家著名轴承制造商，全名为Nippon Toyo Bearing Co., Ltd。
该公司成立于1918年，以其高性能和可靠性而闻名。
NTN的轴承产品广泛应用于汽车、机械、电子设备等领域。
其产品包括球轴承、滚子轴承、圆锥滚子轴承等。
5. Timken（美国）Timken是美国的一家知名轴承制造商，总部位于俄亥俄州。
该公司成立于1899年，以其高质量和耐用性而著称。
Timken的轴承产品广泛应用于航空航天、汽车、机械等领域。
其产品包括球轴承、滚子轴承、圆锥滚子轴承等。
6. INA（德国）INA是德国的一家著名轴承制造商，全名为Ina Bearing Company Ltd。
该公司成立于1946年，以其高质量和创新性而受到赞誉。
INA的轴承产品广泛应用于汽车、机械、电子设备等领域。
其产品包括滚子轴承、滑动轴承、线性轴承等。
skf轴承上的标识的意思SKF轴承上的标识通常包括了一系列的代码和符号，这些标识提供了关于轴承规格、特征和用途的重要信息。
以下是一些常见的SKF轴承标识及其含义：1. 字母和数字组合：SKF轴承的型号通常由字母和数字组成，如7208CD。
这些型号标识了轴承的具体尺寸、结构和设计。
例如，7208表示轴承的外径为72mm，08表示宽度系数，CD则表示轴承的特征，如内部设计、公差等级和旋转方向。
2. EXPLORER标识：SKF Explorer是SKF推出的一种新性能等级的轴承，它代表了SKF在摩擦学、材料开发、设计优化和制造方面的专业知识和技术的结合。
带有EXPLORER标识的轴承在可靠性、寿命和性能方面有了显著的提升。
3. 公差等级：轴承的公差等级标识了轴承内外环直径的允许公差范围。
常见的公差等级有P6、P5、P4等，其中P6表示直径公差为基本尺寸的6级，P5表示直径公差为基本尺寸的5级，以此类推。
公差等级越高，轴承的尺寸精度越高。
4. 材料标识：轴承材料标识了轴承内外环所采用的材料。
例如，C表示碳钢，S表示不锈钢，FC表示烧结青铜，FP表示塑料等。
5. 尺寸系列：尺寸系列标识了轴承尺寸的一致性。
SKF轴承的尺寸系列包括标准尺寸（STD）、紧凑尺寸（C）和加大尺寸（X）等。
6. 配合类型：配合类型标识了轴承与座或其他组件之间的配合方式。
常见的配合类型有间隙配合（M）、过盈配合（K）和紧配合（CA）等。
7. 密封类型：密封类型标识了轴承的密封方式，以防止灰尘和水分进入轴承内部。
常见的密封类型有开放式（O）、封闭式（Z）和防尘密封（2RS）等。
8. 旋转方向：旋转方向标识了轴承内部的旋转方向，有助于正确安装和使用轴承。
9. 认证标识：某些SKF轴承可能会带有认证标识，如ISO认证标志，表示轴承符合国际标准的要求。
总之，了解和解读SKF轴承上的标识对于正确选择、安装和使用轴承至关重要。
在实际应用中，应根据具体的工程需求和操作条件，仔细研究和选择符合要求的SKF轴承。
Bearing basicsSpecial Notes for iPad UsersFor iPad users, this course plays in the “Articulate mobile player app”, available free from the App store.The app offers a download option for offline learning, but please note that:1. An on-line connection is required to use the links on the “resources” tab2. If you wish to be able to print your course completion certificate then you need to be on-line when you take the end-of-course testTo continue, you can click the Home icon on the screen to return to the Welcome page of the course.WelcomeWelcome to the Basic introduction to rolling bearings course. This course will give you an introduction to SKF bearings and consists of three sections: Functions and parts,Applications and bearing types,and Designations.Module 1: Functions and partsWhy bearings?Bearings are an essential component of almost all machinery. They transmit loads between, support, guide and locate, machine elements that are required to move relative to each other with a minimum of friction, e.g.a rotating or oscillating shaft, pivot or wheel.Friction: Page 1Friction counteracts the movement between two surfaces. It is essential for the success of many operations, such as a car tyre gripping a road. In most machines however, friction is undesirable since it causes power loss, heat generation, wear and noise. SKF bearings help reduce friction.Friction: Page 2The earliest bearings were mostly made of wood and consisted of a shaft rotating in a hole in a housing, or a wheel rotating on a stationary shaft. Because the components were sliding over each other, friction was relatively high and wear rather rapid.This type of bearing is called a plain bearing and, made of modern materials, is still used in some applications today where speeds and loads are relatively low.Friction: Page 3The introduction of rolling elements between the shaft and the housing greatly reduces friction.Friction: Page 4Today, typical SKF rolling bearings combine maximum load capacity with minimum friction, using hardened steel or ceramic rolling elements, hardened steel inner and outer rings and a cage to guide and separate the rolling elements.Loads: Page 1A bearing can be under radial load, perpendicular to the shaft, or under axial load, acting in the direction along the shaft, or a combination of both radial and axial load, a combined load.Loads: Page 2Large bearings support heavier loads than small bearings can support, and roller bearings support heavier loads than ball bearings can support. Raceway contactThe basic difference between ball bearings and roller bearings is in the contacts between the rolling elements and the raceways. Balls have point contact; rollers have linear contact with relatively larger area.Bearing partsA typical rolling bearing consists of an inner ring, an outer ring and rolling elements contained by a cage. The most common type of rolling bearing is the deep groove ball bearing. These bearings can, as shown here, be supplied with integral seals to retain the lubricant and resist the ingress of contamination.Selection factorsThere are many factors, which will affect the choice of a bearing. These are: Available space, load, required service life, misalignment, speed, stiffness, axial displacement and clearance.Selection factors: SpaceSpace can be an important factor in bearing selection. Where radial space is limited a bearing with small diameter rolling elements, such as a needle roller bearing, may be needed.Selection factors: LoadWhen selecting a bearing, it is important to consider the direction of the load, and the amount of load the bearing will have to carry. A bearing can be under radial load, axial load, or a combination of both.Selection factors: Required service lifeThe life of a bearing can be expressed in terms of: the number of revolutions before failure, the number of operating hours before failure, or the distance covered (for cars and trucks). A bearing is considered to have failed when it shows the first sign of fatigue in a rolling element or raceway, or damage to other parts such as the cage or the seals. Service life is the real life that an individual bearing achieves in a particular application before it has to be replaced. It depends on a variety of influencing factors, including lubrication, the degree of contamination, misalignment, proper installation, and environmental conditions.Because service life cannot be calculated or predicted, bearings are selected using calculated rating life. SKF rating life L10m, a reference value calculated according to statistical methods, using modification factors for lubrication conditions and degree of contamination, and applying the same concept of a fatigue load limit as used in ISO 281, to estimate the life, with 90% reliability, that a sufficiently large population of apparently identical bearings might achieve when all are operating in an identical application.Selection factors: MisalignmentWhere a bearing is likely to be subject to angular misalignment, for example the shaft might bend due to operating loads, appropriate bearings need to be selected. Self-aligning bearings can accept a degree of operational misalignment and can also compensate for limited initial alignment errors in mounting.Selection factors: SpeedThe maximum speed that a bearing can be run in an application is limited by the maximum operating temperature for the materials used in its manufacture, or the lubricant. For high-speed applications minimum possible friction is important, so ball bearings are generally used. Selection factors: StiffnessElastic deformation occurs under load. Usually this deformation is very small and can be ignored. However, in some applications, stiffness is an important factor. Roller bearings have higher stiffness than ball bearings due to the larger area of the line contact.Selection factors: Axial displacementSome applications require bearings that allow the shaft to move axially relative to the bearing. This is called axial displacement. Most often, a shaft is supported by a locating bearing and a non-locating bearing. The locating bearing does not allow axial displacement and keeps the shaft in position. The non-locating bearing supports the shaft and allows displacement to prevent the bearings from being stressed. Cylindrical and CARB toroidalroller bearings can accommodate a limited degree of axial internal displacement.Selection factors: ClearanceThe amount of initial internal radial clearance required in a bearing depends mainly on the fits and temperature gradient between the inner and outer rings of the bearing in the particular application. Operational internal radial clearance is almost always less than initial internal clearance. SKF manufactures bearings with the following ranges of radial internal clearances:•C1 radial internal clearance less than C2•C2 radial internal clearance less than Normal•-- Normal radial internal clearance•C3 radial internal clearance greater than Normal•C4 radial internal clearance greater than C3SummaryIn this lesson, you have learnt about the functions of a bearing. These are: reducing friction, transmitting loads, locating and guiding moving parts. You have also been introduced to the different parts of a bearing: outer and inner rings, rolling elements, cage, and seals and their respective functionalities.Finally, you have also explored the different selection factors, which will affect your choice of bearing: available space, load, required service life, misalignment, speed, stiffness, axial displacement and clearance.Module 2: ApplicationsIntroductionIn this section you will be introduced to the most common bearing types offered by SKF.Electrical motors can be found almost anywhere there is mechanical movement.Motor: Page 2In this drawing you can see that the shaft is supported by two different bearings.Motor: Page 3Cylindrical roller bearings are simply bearings with cylindrical rollers. They can usually accommodate heavy radial loads and can operate at relatively high speeds.Motor: Page 4It is now time to choose the right side bearing.Motor: Page 5Deep groove ball bearings have deep uninterrupted raceways and close osculation between balls and raceways. This enables them to take axial loads in both directions.Pump: Page 1A pump is a device for lifting, transferring or moving fluids by suction or pressure from one position to another. This picture shows a medium-duty process pump, which is often used in refineries.Pump: Page 2In this drawing you can see that the shaft, which is running the impeller, is supported by one deep groove ball bearing to the right, and another bearing or bearings to the left.Single row angular contact ball bearings are widely used in medium and heavy-duty centrifugal pumps. They have raceways arranged at an angle to the bearing axis.Pump: Page 4Single row angular contact ball bearings can only take axial load in one direction. Therefore they are nearly always mounted as pairs in back to back or face to face arrangement at either end of a shaft, or as shown here, universally matchable bearings mounted immediately adjacent to each other.Fan: Page 1This is an industrial fan, in which SKF bearings are commonly used. Industrial fans can either be designed for light loads and high speeds, or for heavy loads and moderate speeds.Fan: Page2A fan is designed with two bearings along its shaft, placed between the fan and the motor. Both bearings carry radial loads and the bearing closest to the fan (on the left hand side here) also needs to be a locating bearing, keeping the shaft and the fan in a fixed position.Fan: Page 3Spherical roller bearings have two rows of rollers with a common raceway in the outer ring. The two inner ring raceways are inclined at an angle to the bearing axis.Fan: Page 4Returning to the fan application again, you now know which bearing is suitable as the locating bearing and here you have to make a guess concerning the non-locating bearing.CARB [ka:b] is a single row toroidal roller bearing with long, slightly crowned, rollers and concave raceways in both the inner and outer rings. Fan: Page 6The complete application looks like this with one spherical roller bearing and one CARB toroidal roller bearing.Separator: Page 1Alfa Laval, a Swedish company, has developed a range of machines specifically designed for rigorous oil processing duties. An example of this would be separators.Separator: Page 2The separation process creates imbalance due to the mud, which is distributed unevenly inside the separator and this makes the spindle bend. Separator: Page 3Self-aligning ball bearings have two rows of balls and a common concave sphered raceway in the outer ring. This makes the bearing insensitive to angular misalignments of the shaft relative to the housing. Self-aligning ball bearings accommodate high speeds due to the point contact between balls and raceways.Refiner: Page 1SKF bearings can be used in refiners in the production of mechanical pulp and other high-yield pulps.Refiner: Page 2In the process wood chips are ground at high mechanical pressure between a stationary disc and a rotating disc, which is powered by an electrical motor. The shaft between the motor and the grinding discs is supported by three bearings.Refiner: Page 3The high production capacity of the refiners is directly related to the demands on the bearing arrangement. The bearings have to provide high stability, operate at high speed, carry high thrust loads and handle deflections of the shaft.Refiner: Page 4The spherical roller thrust bearing incorporates a large number of asymmetrical, spherical rollers and has specially designed raceways. The load is transmitted from one raceway to the other at an angle to the bearing axis and the bearing can carry heavy axial load in one direction and some simultaneously applied radial load as well.Refiner: Page 5This is how the spherical roller thrust bearings are situated in the refiner application.Screw conveyor: Page 1Machines used in the agricultural industry often require bearings that can easily be changed and that can handle misalignments.Screw conveyor: Page 2This is a drawing of a screw conveyor attached to an agricultural machine. The bearings are the only contact between the screw conveyor and the machine.Screw conveyor: Page 3A Y-bearing unit consists of two parts: a housing and a bearing. The bearing is based on the deep groove ball bearing and can carry light radial and axial loads. It has a convex-sphered outside diameter, which allows the bearing to take up misalignment between the shaft and housing at the assembly stage. They are available with a wide range of highly effective,integral seals and a range of different methods for easy mounting to the shaft.Screw conveyor: Page 4This is what the Y-bearing unit looks like in the screw conveyor.Front wheel: Page 1SKF bearings are used in front wheels of commercial vehicles. These applications require bearings that can handle very heavy loads.Front wheel: Page 2This drawing shows how a truck front wheel arrangement is designed and where its bearings are situated. The bearings must carry a large part of the weight of the vehicle and the induced forces when driving, which means that they have to handle heavy loads in both radial and axial directions.Front wheel: Page 3Tapered roller bearings have tapered rollers running in tapered inner and outer ring raceways. This design makes them suitable for handling heavy combined loads.A tapered roller bearing can only carry axial loads in one direction and, for this reason, they are generally fitted in pairs.Front wheel: Page 4See how the tapered roller bearings are mounted in the front wheel of a commercial vehicle.SummaryIn this lesson, you have studied the most common SKF bearing types. Now click on each bearing picture to repeat the most important characteristics of each type. If you want to read more about SKF bearings, enter the SKF Interactive Engineering Catalogue on line at .Module 3: DesignationsIntroductionSKF bearing designations describe a bearing’s or component’s type, design, and variants. The designation can be found both on the box and on the bearing itself.Basic designations: Page 1A bearing designation for metric size bearings can either consist of a basic designation alone or a basic designation plus one or more supplementary designations, called prefixes and suffixes.The basic designation identifies the product type and size, while the supplementary designations identify design, special variants and bearing components.Basic designations: Page 2Each SKF bearing of standard metric design is given a basic designation, which normally consists of three, four or five figures.Basic designations: Page 3For example, the basic designation 22206 denotes a spherical roller bearing with the width series 2, diameter series 2 and a bore diameter of 30 mm.Supplementary designations: Page 1The supplementary designations consist of both prefixes and suffixes. Supplementary designations: Page 2Prefixes are used to identify component parts of a bearing and are usually followed by the designation of the complete bearing.Supplementary designations: Page 3Suffixes are used to identify designs, which differ in some way from the original design. The suffixes are divided into four main groups: Internal design, external design, cage design and variants, all of which are added to the basic designation in this order.End of course testNow it’s time to see what you learned.If you pass the test on-line then you’ll be able to print your course completion certificate.。
skf轴承讲解SKF轴承是世界著名的轴承品牌，具有优质的设计、制造和服务能力。
本文将从SKF轴承的背景介绍、产品特点和应用领域等方面进行详细讲解。
一、SKF轴承的背景介绍SKF是瑞典SKF集团的注册商标，成立于1907年。
SKF集团是全球领先的轴承和密封制造商，拥有全球超过130个生产基地和销售公司，遍布全球140多个国家。
SKF轴承以其高质量、高性能和长寿命而享誉全球，被广泛应用于机械设备、汽车、航空航天等领域。
二、SKF轴承的产品特点1. 高质量材料：SKF轴承采用优质钢材制造，具有出色的耐磨、耐腐蚀和耐高温性能。
2. 精确制造工艺：SKF轴承采用先进的制造工艺，确保产品的精度和可靠性。
3. 高速旋转能力：SKF轴承采用优化的设计，能够在高速旋转时保持较低的摩擦和振动。
4. 长寿命：SKF轴承采用特殊的润滑技术和密封设计，延长了轴承的使用寿命。
5. 轴承型号齐全：SKF轴承提供各种类型和规格的轴承，满足不同应用领域的需求。
三、SKF轴承的应用领域1. 机械设备：SKF轴承广泛应用于各类机械设备，如电动机、风力发电机、水泵、机床等。
其高质量和可靠性能确保了机械设备的正常运行和长寿命。
2. 汽车工业：SKF轴承在汽车发动机、变速器、悬挂系统等部位得到广泛应用。
其高速旋转能力和长寿命特点使汽车在高速行驶时具有更好的稳定性和可靠性。
3. 航空航天：SKF轴承在航空航天领域的应用也非常广泛。
其轻量化、高速旋转和耐高温等特点使得飞机、卫星等航空器具有更高的性能和可靠性。
4. 钢铁工业：SKF轴承在钢铁工业中的连铸机、轧机等设备中得到广泛应用。
其高负荷能力和耐磨性能保证了设备的正常运行和高效生产。
SKF轴承作为全球著名的轴承品牌，凭借其高质量、高性能和长寿命的特点，在机械设备、汽车、航空航天等领域得到广泛应用。
无论是在普通家用电器中还是在高速列车、飞机等高强度工程设备中，SKF轴承都发挥着重要作用，为各行各业的发展提供了可靠的支持。
世界八大轴承公司近年经营情况以下是世界八大轴承公司近年的经营情况：1. SKF（瑞典飞利浦）：作为世界最大的轴承制造商，SKF在近年来一直保持着稳定的经营状况。
公司在全球范围内拥有广泛的客户群体，并通过不断的创新和研发，推出了众多领先的轴承产品。
2. Schaeffler（德国舍弗勒）：作为欧洲第二大轴承制造商，Schaeffler在近年来面临了一些挑战，包括汽车行业的转型和市场竞争的加剧。
然而，该公司通过战略调整和技术创新，逐渐恢复了业绩。
3. NSK（日本三共）：作为日本最大的轴承制造商之一，NSK在近年来稳定增长，受益于汽车和工业市场的需求增长。
公司通过不断提高产品质量和技术创新，保持了竞争力。
4. NTN（日本日本纳博泰克）：NTN是日本领先的轴承制造商之一，在全球市场上占据重要地位。
该公司通过提供高质量的产品和服务，满足了各个领域的需求。
5. Timken（美国天宝）：作为美国最大的轴承制造商之一，Timken在近年来经历了一些挑战，包括全球经济不稳定和市场竞争的加剧。
然而，该公司通过战略调整和技术创新，保持了竞争力。
6. JTEKT（日本吉翔）：JTEKT是日本著名的轴承制造商之一，主要生产汽车和工业轴承。
该公司通过提供高性能的产品和系统解决方案，满足了全球客户的需求。
7. RBC Bearings（美国RBC轴承）：RBC Bearings是美国著名的轴承制造商，主要为航空航天和工业市场提供高性能的轴承产品。
近年来，该公司通过技术创新和市场开拓，实现了稳定增长。
8. C&U（中国联合）：C&U是中国领先的轴承制造商之一，在近年来经历了快速增长。
公司凭借高品质、创新技术和竞争价格，在国内外市场上获得了广泛认可。
以上只是对这些公司近年来的经营情况的概述，并不能详细展示它们的财务指标和具体业绩数据。
TechnicalTraining SeriesDoing theJob Right! Sponsored By:Hub Units &Bearings:The $240 Million Service OpportunityWhat goes around comes around. The replacement market for wheel bearing and hub assemblies is estimated to be $240 million annually. Yet, many wheel bearings that may need to be replaced are not because they are overlooked when other serv-ice and repair is performed on a vehicle.Hub units have a relatively simple job: to keep the wheels turning freely. The bearings inside the hub assembly allow the wheels to turn with mini-mal friction, and they support the vehicle's weight. Sealed-hub assemblies with the wheel bearingsused on most late-model vehi-cles. The hub and bearing assembly is bolted to the knuckle or axle, and supports either the wheel or axle, depending on the type of drivetrain used. The bearings inside a sealed-hub assembly no maintenance and are not adjustable. This means they cannot be disassembled, cleaned or repacked with grease, and must be replaced as a unit if loose, worn or defective.By comparison, the wheel bearings on the front of older rear-wheel drive vehicles are usually mounted inside the hub of the brake rotor (or drum). The bearings are adjustable and are held in place by a large nut on the end of the spindle. The bearings require periodic cleaning, inspecting and repacking with wheel-bearing grease.Wheel bearings come in two basic types: tapered roller bearings and double-row ball bearings. Tapered bearings have conical rollers between the inner and outer race. The rollers are larger on one end than the other and rotate in a cone-shaped path. This allows the bearing to handle lateral (side-ways) loads as well as vertical loads. The larger footprint provided by the rollers also allows the bearing to carry more weight than a ball bearing. Double-row ball bearings, by comparison, use round steel balls between the inner and outer race to reduce friction. This type of bearing has less fric-tion than a roller bearing, but cannot support as much weight. Consequently, double-row ball bear-ings are typically used in smaller and lighter vehi-cle applications.All premium wheel bearings are made of high-grade steel, and the inner and outer races (called the cone and cup) as well as the rollers or balls are all heat treated to harden their outer surfaces. This improves wear resistance and the bearing's ability to withstand high loads.As long as the bearings are lubricated and pro-tected from outside contaminants, they last a long time. But loss of lubrication, lubrication breakdown from excessive heat, overloading or contamination with water or dirt can all lead to bearing failure. In many cases, premature wheel-bearing failure can be traced back to worn grease seals that have allowed grease to leak out and outside contami-nants to enter the bearings.Water is murder on wheel bearings because it causes rust and contaminates the grease. Sealed wheel bearings are designed to withstand normal road splash, but driving through hub-deep water may allow water to get past the seals and enter the bearings. Over time, the damage that's been done will eventually cause the bearings to fail. Missing a bad wheel bearing and hub assembly that should be replaced means you miss out on a profitable repair job for your installer customers. List prices for a typical sealed wheel bearing and hub with an internal ABS sensor or external ABS tone ring run $140 to $150. When you add in labor, the total job can easily add up to $500 to $650. The average life of a sealed wheel bearing and hub assembly is about 85,000 to 100,000 miles. Consequently, you may only have one chance dur-ing a vehicle’s life to replace these parts. Miss that opportunity and it may be gone forever. According to a recent Babcox Research survey, 51 percent of bad wheel bearings are identified and replaced as a result of a customer complaining about noise, 24 percent are found during a brake job and 19 percent are discovered during an alignment. Most manu-facturers recommend lubrication at 24,000 miles for the front wheel bearings on rear wheel drive vehi-cles. However, many times the bearings are not lubricated until the brakes are replaced — which means bearings can go almost twice the recom-mended service interval before being relubricated. Whenever you sell a brake job, remind your profes-sional customers to always check the bearings and replace the seals.DiagnosisA classic symptom of a bad wheel bearing is noise, so if a customer says his vehicle is making "funny" noises when driving (squeaks, chirps, squeals, moans, etc.), or he hears a grinding noise when turning, it may indicate a bad wheel bearing. Other symptoms include steering wander or possibly a pull to one side when braking.It’s fairly simple to perform a parking lot check of a wheel bearing. To check it, raise the vehicle and grasp the tire at the 12 and 6 o’clock positions and attempt to rock the tire. If you feel any play, the bearings are loose and need to be replaced. Also, if you rotate the tire by hand, any roughness or noise from the bearings would tell you the bearings are worn or damaged and need to be replaced.If one wheel bearing has failed, pay close atten-tion to all of the other hubs on the vehicle, too, espe-cially if the vehicle has a lot of miles on it. Chances are some of the other bearings may also be nearing the end of their journey.On vehicles equipped with anti-lock brakes and hub assemblies with an integral ABS sensor or tone ring, the ABS warning light will come on if a wheel-speed sensor is reading erratically or the signal is lost. The ABS system will set a fault code that corresponds to the sensor location (left front, right front, right rear or left rear) and dis-able the ABS system until the fault is fixed. On these vehicles, the only way to get the ABS light to go out is to replace the hub assembly (assum-ing the problem isn’t a simple wiring fault or loose connector). Mounting ProceduresThe last area of importance is mounting procedures. It’s essential that customers follow the correct pro-cedure. In particular, mounting force incorrectly applied to parts of the bearing will produce inden-tations in the bearing raceways, which in turn will lead to early failure. If the bearing or seal are dam-aged in any way, early failure will occur.To avoid these mistakes, always follow the instal-lation instructions and use the correct tools. ReplacementThere is no way to disassemble and repair a sealed hub assembly. If the internal ABS sensor has failed or if the external ABS tone ring on the hub is dam-aged or badly corroded, the whole unit must be replaced.When a customer hears how much it’s going to cost to replace the hub assemblyinstant attack of sticker shock. But he doesn’t really have any other options. As mentioned earlier, the bearing assembly is a sealed unit and can’t be repaired or rebuilt. The part is expensive and requires a lot of labor to install. If he ignores the warning signs and does not have the hub replaced, it will only get worse.A bearing failure can be dangerous because it may cause the wheel to separate from the vehicle and/or cause a loss of steering control. It’s not something to ignore or put offway to know how many miles the bearings will go before the unit fails completelyThe other safety issue involves the ABS system. As long as the ABS warning light remains on, the ABS system is disabled. This should not affect nor-mal braking, but it will prevent the ABS system from helping out in an emergency or when braking on a slick surface.Replacing a sealed wheel bearing and hub assembly involves removing the wheel, hub nut and brakes to replace the unit. Do not use anSingle row taper roller bearing T ypical users: Chrysler,GM, Hyundai,Mazda, V olkswagen Double row taperroller bearingT ypical users:Ford,Nissan,Peugeot,Subaru,SuzukiSingle row deepgroove ball bearingT ypical users:Chrysler,GM,Honda,V olkswagenDouble row deepgroove ball bearingT ypical users:Ford,GMT ypical users:tomers aren’t doing the job with the wrongHub Unit 1: Double row angular contact ball bearing T ypical users: Chrysler,Honda,T oyota,V olvo contact ball bearingT ypical users:Double row angularcontact ball bearingT ypical users:Tips for avoiding bearing failure Avoiding common mistakesSKF has compiled examples of some of the most common situations where the bearing has not been handled correctly. You will see in the following examples that it is easy to make mistakes if you are not following a given set of procedures or not using good work habits.Figure 1Never apply the mounting force over the rolling elements.Never expect the bearing to stand up to hard blows witha hammer. The raceways will be damaged which willresult in reduced operating life of the bearing.Never use sharp tools such as screwdrivers. There isalways the risk that the screwdriver or any other toolmight slip and damage the seal which will cause a leak.Figure 2Never dismount the inner ring from a hub unit.These are greased for life. If the inner ring is removedthere is no way of replacing it without damaging theraceways and seals. A new bearing will be required.Figure 3If the hub unit is mounted on the axle, extra caremust be taken to avoid forcing one of the inner ringsout of position or even causing it to fall out. Oncethis has happened, the bearing will have been dam-aged and cannot be reused. Both raceways and sealswill have been damaged.Do not try to put the inner ring back by using forcewhile tightening the nut. The bearing has alreadybeen damaged. A new bearing is required.Figure4Do not forget to lubricate the tapers during mounting. If not,the rolling elements will come in contact with the raceways,creating friction and the life of the bearings will be reduced.The raceway will show signs of serious damage after only ashort running period. Use only grease recommended by themanufacturer. Make sure that the grease used is not contami-nated by dirt or grit. Even the smallest particle of contamina-tion in the grease will shorten the life of the bearings.。
