高三英语知识考点整理概括

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⾼三英语知识考点整理概括

⾼考对冠词的考查集中在基本⽤法上,主要既反映在对泛指、特指及固定短语 冠词的考查。抽象名词、物质名词的具体化依然是⾼考的重点、难点。接下来是⼩编为⼤家整理的⾼三英语知识考点整理概括,希望⼤家喜欢!

⾼三英语知识考点整理概括⼀

1someone双语例句

Someone explain that one to me!

有⼈解释说,⼀到了我!

Someone must be at the back of this.

这事⼀定有⼈在背后捣⿁。

He found someone on him.

他发现有⼈在跟踪他。

2常⽤不定代词

some(something,somebody,someone),any(anything,anybody,anyone),no(nothing,nobody,noone),every(everything,everybody,everyone),all,each,both,much,many,(a)little,(a)few,other(s),another,none,one,either,neither等。

⾼三英语知识考点整理概括⼆

⾼中英语语法中的省略现象

在英语语⾔中,为了使语⾔简洁明了,重点突出或上下⽂紧密相连,可以省去某些句⼦成分⽽保持句⼦愿意不变,这种语⾔现象称之为省略。现就英语中的种.种省略现象分析如下:

⼀、并列复合句中的省略

在并列句中后边的分句可以省略与前边分句中相同的成分。如:

a) The boy picked up a coin in the road and (the boy ) handed it to a policeman. 这个男孩在马路上拾起⼀枚硬币并把他交给了警察。

b) Your advice made me happy but(your advice made) Tom angry .你的建议使我⾼兴但使汤姆⽣⽓。

c) Tom must have been playing basketball and Mary (must have been)doing her homework. 汤姆肯定⼀直在打篮球,玛丽⼀直在写作业。

d) Gao Xiumin was born in 1959 and Fu Biao (was born) in 1963.⾼秀敏出⽣于1959年,傅彪出⽣于1963年。

⼆、主从复合句中的省略

1.状语从句中的省略

⼀般说来省略现象多出现在下列五种状语从句中:由 when ,while ,as ,before, after , till, until, once等引导的时间状语从句;由whether ,if , unless 等引导的条件状语从句;由though , although ,even if ,whatever等引导的让步状语从句;由 as ,than 等引导的⽐较状语从句;由as, as if , as though 等引导的⽅式状语从句。上述状语从句在省略时应遵循下⾯原则:

1) 当状语从句的主语与主句的主语⼀致时,可以省略状语从句的主语和系动词be,这时从句中可出现如下结构:(1) 连词(as, as if , once)+ 名词; (2) 连词( though, whether , when)+形容词;(3) 连词(whether, asif ,while )+介词短语;(4) 连词(when , while , though )+ 现在分词; (5) 连词

(when ,if ,even if ,unless ,once ,until, than , as ) + 过去分词; (6) 连词(as if ,as though ) + 不定式。如:

a) Once (he was)a worker ,Pang Long now becomes a famous singer .庞龙曾经是个⼯ ⼈,现在变成⼀位著名的歌⼿。

b) Work hard when (you are) young ,or you'll regret.趁年轻要努⼒学习,要不然你会后悔的。 c) Helooked everywhere as if (he was)in search of something .他到处看似乎在找什么东西。 d) While (he was)holding talks with President Hu Jintao ,US President George W. Bush thanked China for its important role inthe Six-Party Talks.美国总统布什在与胡锦涛同志会谈时,感谢中国在六⽅会谈中起的重要作⽤。

e) The exhibition is more interesting than (it was) expected .这次展览⽐被预料的有趣的多。 f)Olympic gold medallist hurdler Liu Xiang opened his lips as if (he were) to speak。奥林匹克⾦牌获得者跨栏运动员刘翔张开嘴好像要说什么。

注意:

1) 当从句的主语和主句的宾语⼀致时,间或也有这样的省略,如:

Her father told her to be careful when (she was)crossing the street.当她过马路时⽗亲告诉她要当⼼。

2) 当从句的主语是 it,谓语动词中⼜含有系动词be 时 ,可以把it和系动词be⼀起省略。此时构成连词(if , unless ,when , whenever)+形容词的结构。如:

Unless (it is) necessary ,you'd better not refer to the dictionary.如果没有必要,你最好不要查字典。

2.定语从句中的省略

1) ⼀般说来,在限制性定语从句中,作宾语的关系代词 that ,which , whom 可以省略;如:

Is this reason (that) he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?这就是他在会上解释他⼯作中粗⼼的原因吗?(2002上海春季)

⽽在⾮限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词 which , whom 不可以省略。试⽐较:

Tom (whom) you saw yesterday fell ill.( whom可以省) 你昨天见到的汤姆病倒了。

Tom , whom you saw yesterday ,fell ill. ( whom不可以省) 汤姆病倒了,你昨天见到他了。

2)在⼝语和⾮正式⽤语中,关系副词when ,where , 和 why 经常⽤that 来代替,甚⾄还可省略。如:

a) This is the first time (when/that)he had trouble with the boss.这是他第⼀次⿇烦⽼板。 b) Hewants to find a good place (where/that) we can have a picnic during the “golden week ”holiday .他想找⼀个能在黄⾦周期间野餐的好地⽅。

c) Could you tell us the reason (why/that)he was so unhappy ? 你能告诉我们他为什么如此不⾼兴吗?

3)当先⾏词为表⽰⽅式的 the way 时 ,从句不能⽤ how 来引导 ,应该⽤that 或 in which ,或将它们全部省略。如:

I don't like the way (that/in which) you laugh at her.我不喜欢你嘲笑他的⾏为。

3.宾语从句中的省略

1)在及物动词后⾯所接的宾语从句中,连词that ⼀般可以省略;但如果及物动词后⾯是由that引导的两个或两个以上的并列的宾语从句 ,那么只有第⼀个that可以省略。如:

a) I think (that) the reform of the renminbi's exchange rate is necessary. 我认为⼈民币兑换率的改⾰是必要的。

b) He said (that)the Anti-secession law had been passed and that President Hu Jintao had signeda presidential order 他说《 反分裂国家法》已被通过,⽽且胡锦涛主席已签署了主席令。

2)由 which , when ,where , how,和 why 引导的 宾语从句,可以全部或部分省略。如:

a) I know that NBA star Yao Ming will come to our city but I don’t know when (he will come to ourcity).我知道NBA明星要到我们城市来但我不知道他什么时候来。

b) He wants to move abroad but his parents wonders why (he wants to move abroad)他想搬迁到国外但他的⽗母想知道为什么。

4.在与suggest ,request ,order ,advise 等词相关的名词性从句中,须⽤虚拟语⽓形式“should +动词原形”,should可以省略。如:

Chirac, President of the Republic of France suggested that the China-France Culture Year(should) last long in various forms.法国总统希拉克建议中法⽂化年以各种各样的形式长期持续。

5.主句省略多⽤于句⾸。如:

(It is a ) Pity that I didn’t go to Mary's birthday party yesterday.很遗憾,我昨天没有去参加玛丽的⽣⽇聚会。

6.在答语中,主句可全部省略。如:

—Why were you absent from school last Friday ?—(I was absent from school)Because my motherwas ill. —上周五你为什么没有上学? —因为我妈妈病了。

三、简单句中的省略

1.省略主语

1)祈使句中的主语通常被省略 如:

(You) Open the door, please. 请开⼀下门。

2) 其它省略主语多限于现成的说法 如:

a) (I) Thank you for your help 谢谢你的帮助。

b) (It)Doesn’t matter.没关系。

2.省略主谓语或主谓语的⼀部分 如:

a) (There is) No smoking. 禁⽌抽烟