学位英语考试真题及答案解析（二）Part I Dialogue Completion (10 points)Directions: In this part, there are 3 dialogues with 3 or 4 blanks, each followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the choice that best suits the situation until the dialogue is complete. With Dialogue One, all the choices will have to be used. With Dialogue Two and Dialogue Three, one choice will be left unused. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single bar through the Centre of the letter that indicates your choice.Dialogue OneWoman: I heard you’re moving to New York.Man: Yes. 1Woman: Oh, that's great! 2Man: Me, too. Let's keep in touch.Woman: Yeah, 3Man: Trust me. I won't. I'll keep you posted.Woman: 4Man: Well, I have your e-mail address.Woman: All right! I look forward to hearing from you soon. Good luck!A. You have my address?B. Don't forget to drop me a line when you settle down.C. But I' m going to miss you.D. I’ve got an offer in upstate New York.Dialogue TwoM: Mrs. Tyler, there is something I've been wondering about.W: What is it?M: Some people say that women's work is in the house.W: 5 Maybe it’s different in your country.M: Well, of course, you hear all kinds of ideas. But I think it's true. Women's work is at home.W: 6 But I think it should be shared. What I' m saying is that women should work outside the house because they can do a lot to help the family.M: There is plenty to do at home. 7W: Excuse me, but I don't agree.A. But I don't think so.B. Work at home is important, of course.C. Women do most work at home.D. Besides, women are better at housework and men are better at business. Dialogue ThreeMan: Let’s take a walk.Woman: 8Man: Let me step outside and see. 9Woman: So I have to put on my cap and wear a jacket.Man: Do you think we should bring our gloves?Woman: I think we should, just in case it gets colder. 10Man: Yes, but it may get colder as the sun goes down.A. So we'll get warmer as we walk.B. I hear that it may snow in the evening.C. What’s the weather like?D. Oh, it’s a little chilly.Part II Reading Comprehension (40 points)Directions:There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single bar through the Centre of the letter that indicates your choice.Passage 1The top of the world is a wonderland. In winter, the temperature often falls to -30 degrees Fahrenheit and the sun never rises. The ocean is surrounded by frozen ground. There are few people or trees, but to polar bears, the Arctic is home.Polar bears have thick fur, big paws and other features that make them well prepared for life in their tough environment. In fact, they need the Arctic sea ice for survival. But climate change is causing larger and larger areas of summer sea ice to melt. Experts say that if warming patterns continue, the Arctic could be free of summer sea ice by 2050. That may cause two-thirds of the word's 20,000 polar bears to be gone by then too.Polar bears can’t survive for long on land. Seals are their main source of food. The only place where polar bears can hunt seals is on the ice. Although these bears are strong swimmers, they are no match for lightning swift seals in the water. A polar bear has brilliantly clever strategies to overcome this disadvantage. In winter the bear waits motionl ess beside a seal’s breathing hole, which is a narrow tunnel through the ice. Often many hours pass before the seal comes up for air and the bear kills it with a powerful blow of its paw. In summer, the polar bears that live on land eat very little and wait for the sea ice to returnWith the sea ice forming later in the year and melting earlier, polar bears do not have enough opportunity to hunt and eat. Less sea ice makes it harder for the bears to catch the seals. The bears must swim longer distances between ice packs, and they can’t always make it. The ice is also getting thinner. These conditions can cause polar-bear cubs to become separated from their mothers, who provide them with food.Steven Amstrup is the chief scientist of Polar Bear International北极熊国际. The group aims to save the bears and their home. "The more people who see polar bears and understand their difficult situations, the better the chance we’ll alter our warmingpath in time to save them," he says.11. Which is the best title for the passage?A. Climate Change in the ArcticB. How to Protect the EnvironmentC. The Arctic Is Home to Polar BearsD. Polar Bears in Danger12. Where do polar bears usually hunt seals?A. On land.B. In open water.C. In openings in the sea iceD. At the bottom of the sea.13. The word "cubs" in the fourth paragraph is closest in meaning to ______.A. adultsB. babiesC. huntersD. enemies14. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?A. Starving polar bears are increasingly coming into villages, where they may be killed either for food or safety.B. Polar bears can spend their entire lives on land if the sea ice melts completely.C. Two-thirds of the world's polar bears may disappear by 2050 as global warming continues.D. The growing distance between ice packs is not a problem for polar bears, because they are excellent swimmers.15. What’s the mission of Polar Bears International?A. Saving energy.B. Conducting scientific research.C. Seeking international cooperation.D. Saving polar bears and their home.Passage 2The exact number of English words is not known. The large dictionaries have over half a million entries, but many of these are compound words ( schoolroom, sugar bowl) or different derivatives of the same word ( rare-rarely, rarefy) , and a good many are obsolete words to help us read older literature. Dictionaries do not attempt to cover completely words that we can draw on: the informal vocabulary, especially slang, localism, the terms of various occupations and professions; words used only occasionally by scientists and specialists in many fields; foreign words borrowed for use in English; or many new words or new senses of words that come into use every year and that may or may not be used long enough to warrant being included. It would be conservative to say that there are over a million English words that any of us might meet in our listening and reading and that we may draw on in our speaking and writing.Professor Seashore concluded that first-graders enter school with at least 24, 000 words and add 5,000 each year so that they leave high school with at least 80,000. These figures are for recognition vocabulary, the words we understand when we reador hear them. Our active vocabulary, the words we use in speaking and writing is considerably smaller.You cannot always produce a word exactly when you want it. But consciously using the words you recognize in reading will help get them into your active vocabulary. Occasionally in your reading pay particular attention to these words, especially when the subject is one that you might well write or talk about. Underline or make a list of words that you feel a need for and look up the less familiar ones in a dictionary. And then before very long find a way to use some of them. Once you know how they are pronounced and what they stand for, you can safely use them.16. According to the author’s estimation, there are ____ words in English.A. more than half a millionB. at least 24,000C. at least 80,000D. more than a million17. The italicized word "obsolete" in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to _____A. no longer in useB. profoundC. colorfulD. common18. One's recognition vocabulary is ______.A. less often used than his active vocabularyB. smaller than his active vocabularyC. as large as his active vocabularyD. much larger than his active vocabulary19. The author does not suggest getting recognition vocabulary into active vocabulary by _____.A. making a list of words you need and looking up the new ones in a dictionaryB. spending half an hour studying the dictionaryC. consciously using the words you recognize in readingD. trying to use the words you recognize20. From the passage we learn that _____.A. dictionaries completely cover the words we can make use ofB. "schoolroom" is used in the passage as an example of a specialized termC. once you know how a word is pronounced and what it represents, you have turned it into your active wordD. active vocabulary refers to words we understand when we read and hear them Passage 3In 1991, when announced to be HIV positive, "Magic" Johnson became the face of a disease that the public still had a lot to learn about. The basketball star established the Magic Johnson Foundation that year and took a leading role on the public relations and fund-raising fronts in the fight against HIV and AIDS. Fifteen years later, there is still more work to do."A lot of times, what happens is that the poster is not enough," Johnson says, motioning to his likeness on the blackboard behind him. 'So I have to get out and tell them myself, like I'm doing here today." Johnson is now talking to an assembly at Boys and Girls High School in his neighborhood of Brooklyn, N.Y. The crowd is a few hundred students in a mostly black, working-class neighborhood. Thus event is the fourth of a 10-city speaking tour that is organized for minority communities.According to drug maker Abbot, half of the more than 1 million Americans living with HIV are black. African-American men are being diagnosed with the disease at a rate 10 times as high as that of white men. For women, the situation is even worse. The rate of diagnosis for African-American women is 23 times as high as that for their white counterparts."Right now, we don't have a solution on how to combat it, so we're trying to do some different things than what has happened before," Johnson says.Getting the word out is what draws Johnson to black neighborhood high schools such as this one, and the message he brings with him is a practical one. "The safest sex is no sex," he says. "But, in reality, we know only a certain number of people are going to hear that. Then I hit them with Hey, if you’re going to do it, you’ve got to protect yourself and your partner."Hopefully, by talking realistically instead of avoiding the issues, Johnson can help make the next generation of African-Americans less likely to have HIV and AIDS. "Just try to be real with them," he says. "They appreciate that."21. The phrase "disease that the public still had a lot to learn about" here means a disease that __.A. was already well-known thenB. was too complicated for peopleC. was still too new to be understoodD. killed too many victims then22. According to the passage, the group with the highest AIDS rate is ______.A. the white AmericansB. African-American menC. the American womenD. the black American women23. The speaker is named "Magic" Johnson because ______.A. he was once a famous basketball coachB. he was a happy survivor of the unhappy diseaseC. he was given chance to talk of his own experienceD. he was a very practical and realistic person in life24. The word "combat" (Paragraph 4) is closest in meaning to ______.A. come backB. combineC. fight againstD. avoid25. What is the purpose of Johnson’s speech tour?A. To take himself as an example in fighting the disease.B. To raise the awareness of young Americans against the disease.C. To provide a better cure for the black American HIV sufferers.D. To try some new medical solutions on the HIV and AIDS sufferers. Passage 4As any middle-class parent knows, unpaid work experience can give youngsters a valuable introduction to a secure job. The government has recognized it too, abandoning rules in 2011 that had formerly stopped 16 to 24-year-olds from doing unpaid work while claiming unemployment benefit. But moving from that to forcing them to work without pay in order to collect these benefits has proved a big step.More than one million young people in Britain are unemployed, the highest number since the mid-1980s. Keen both to cut the welfare bill and to avoid the depressed future wages that may result from early unemployment, the government has introduced an ambitious program of reform to get youngsters off welfare and into work. A key part of it is ensuring that no one gets benefit from the government for long; ministers are keen to avoid what happened after the early-1980s recession, when unemployment continued in some parts of the country for a long time after the economy began to improve.To help young people into work, ministers had persuaded lots of employers, including bakery chains, bookshops and supermarkets, to take on unemployed youths, who receive work experience but no pay, with the prospect of a proper job for those who shine. Some 35,000 youngsters participated last year; half found paid work soon after finishing the scheme.The idea of getting young adults used to showing up for work is popular with voters: according to a survey published in February, about 60% of people support the program. Equally attractive was the option of compelling them to work: Under the existing arrangements youngsters could choose whether or not to accept a place, but if they dropped out after the end of the first week, they stood to lose up to two weeks' benefits.Yet the scheme has also polarized opinion: a third of people are consistently opposed. Following a noisy "Right to Work" campaign that accused employers of co-operating secretly with the government in "forced labor", several firms dropped out of the program. To prevent this from getting worse, Chris Grayling, an employment minister, admitted that young people could leave their work experience at any time without being punished for doing so. This not only halted the flight of employers ( for now, at least) but also enabled him to announce that new firms have agreed to take part in the program.26. According to the passage, young people in Britain ______.A. are used to showing up for workB. value unpaid work very muchC. are always opposed to unpaid workD. could learn something about job security through unpaid work27. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT TRUE?A. Most voters support the government’s effort to help young people to work.B. Some people protest against the government' s attempt to force young people to work.C. There are more than one million young people who took part in the program.D. There are more than one million young people who are jobless.28. According to the author, the British government is trying to _______.A. punish young people if they are not cooperating with itB. reform the unemployed youngstersC. avoid the economic slowdownD. reduce welfare spendingPart Ⅲ Vocabulary and Structure (20 points)Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single bar through the Centre of the letter that indicates your choice.31. I suffer from stage __ whenever I have to make a presentation in front of the class.A. surpriseB. trialC. frightD. display32. The whole new policy has proved a ____ and should be abandoned.A. factorB. balanceC. warningD. failure33. We should consider all such projects from a scientific ______.A. perspectiveB. perfectionC. prospectD. presentation34. The response to the concerts was not warm enough so I decided to postpone booking tickets ____ later in the year.A. untilB. byC. exceptD. beyond35. He asked a second time, but I couldn’t remember ____ any of these works.A. readB. to readC. to have readD. having read36. The teacher _____, they went on with their discussion.A. leavingB. bring leftC. was leavingD. having left37. Seeing her father come back, ________.A. tears ran down her cheeksB. her tears ran outC. she burst into tearsD. tears burst into her38. ____singer and _____ dancer is also good at drawing.A. The; aB. The; theC.A; aD. The; /39. It's such a difficult problem _______ no one can work it out.A. asB. thatC. soD. thus40. If I ____ you, I would go now and wait for them at the station.A. amB. wasC. wereD. have been41. Ted, _____ yourself and don’t get your coat dirty again, or you will get into trouble!A. behaveB. makeC. performD. take42. In the dead man’s bedroom the p olice found several important ____ which pointed to Blake as the murderer.A. careersB. cluesC. challengesD. dreams43. To assume the care for the pets can bring _ the humanity in our children and even in us adults.A. aboutB. inC. outD. up44. A mirror ____ a picture of you when you look in it.A. affectsB. reactsC. reflectsD. recognizes45. The father lost his _ just because his son fought again with others in school.A. mindB. moodC. passionD. temper46. It is necessary _____ for students to take tests at monthly.A. intervalsB. timesC. periodsD. terms47. Every field of chemistry _____ different chemical reactions.A. holdsB. consistsC. composesD. involves48. Before the war broke out, many people ____ in safe places possessions they could not take with them.A. threw awayB. put awayC. gave awayD. carried away49. ____or not, you are going to face him one day.A. If you like itB. Whether you like itC. However you like itD. Whether do you like it50. Even Charles, ______, couldn't move the piano a bit.A. as he is strongB. strong as is heC. as strong he isD. strong as he is Part lV Translation (15 points)Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.The ideal rural lifestyle reflected in the art and literature is a great characteristic in Chinese civilization. It is largely attributed to the Taoism affection to nature. There are two most preferred topics in traditional Chinese paintings. One kind depicts various happy scenes of family life in which the elderly play chess and drink tea, young men farm and harvest in the field, women weave or sew clothes and kids play in the outside. The other depicts the recreations of rural life. In these paintings, fishermen fish on the lake, farmers hew or collect herbs on the hills and scholars compose poems or paintings under pine trees. These two themes respectively represent the ideal life of Confucianism and Taoism.Part V Writing (15 points)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic "Online Shopping". You should write in no less than 100 words, and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below:1. 网上购物流行的原因;2. 你对网上购物的看法。
