高考英语一轮复习 语法专项突破4 外研版 (2)

专题二代词达标检测Ⅰ．单句语法填空1．(2020·新高考卷)As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine __themselves (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest.解析：考查反身代词。

句意：除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。

此处指代visitors，意为“他们自己”，应使用反身代词。

故填themselves。

2．(2020·新课标卷Ⅰ)Data about the moon’s composition, such as how much ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether __its (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.解析：考查代词。

句意：关于月亮构成的数据，比如它含有多少水和其他财富，可以帮助中国决定它未来月球基地的计划是否实用。

根据空后的名词plans可知，此处应使用形容词性物主代词it。

故填its。

3．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give __it/running a try.解析：考查代词或名词的用法。

句意：如果你时间不充裕，你只需要花费其他运动一半的时间去跑步便可获得同样的好处，因此或许我们都应该试试跑步。

▪ (2)表示“暂住(某处)”或“客居(某地)”时， 只能用stay。
▪ (3)用作连系动词表示“保持某一状态”时， 可通用。
▪ ①The small village has now become a city, but the old pagoda still remains.
▪ 小村庄现在已变成城市了，但古塔还在。 ▪ ②We stayed in a very good hotel. ▪ 我们下榻在一家很好的旅馆。 ▪ ③The door remained (stayed) open. ▪ 门开着。
it is adjusted to your eyes.
▪ 你把望远镜调节到适合你的角度之后，你才 看得见。
▪ 6．injure, hurt, harm与wound
▪ (1)injure着重指偶然事故对人的容貌、内部 器官、生理机能的损害，尤指在事故中受伤 。
▪ (2)hurt为“伤害”的一般用词，可指肉体上 或精神上的伤害，在许多情况下可与injure通 用，但含有较强烈的“疼痛”意味。hurt除 作及物动词还可作不及物动词，表示“疼痛 ，难受”。
▪ (4)raise表示“抬起，举起，提高”，是及物 动词，后面直接接宾语；另外，它还有“饲
▪ ①The river is rising from the rain. ▪ 雨后河水不断上涨。 ▪ ②I can't lift this bag. It's too heavy. ▪ 我抬不起这个袋子，它太重了。 ▪ ③The people's living standards have been
credit. ▪ 无法付账已给他的信用带来了损害。 ▪ ④The soldier was wounded in the arm. ▪ 这个士兵的胳膊受了伤。

高考阅读理解对考生运用词汇的能力的要求逐年提高，另 外，高考阅读理解的选材大多数都是来自国外的报刊，虽然在 语言上进行了一定的加工，但最大限度地保持了原文语言地 道、原汁原味的特点，因此文章的语篇结构有一定的难度。在
平时的阅读中，考生应多注意对长难句的分析(我们特意在本书
练习题的后面设置了长难句分析，考生做完题后应对照解析部 分，学习长难句分析的方法，提高自己对长难句的理解能力)。 根据阅读理解题的以上特点，考生在平时的练习中要注意 做到以下两个方面：
第二部分
语法专项突破
走向高考 ·高考总复习 ·外研版 ·英语
2.答题技巧
社会文化类阅读理解的设题一般都是以考查文章的细节为 主，兼顾考查考生的社会常识及推理判断等能力。因此，考生
答题时要能准确定位，根据试题要求到文章中去寻找相应的答
案。做这类题时，考生的英语语言知识和社会常识，都发挥着 重要的作用，遇到熟悉的题材时，若对题目把握不准，考生可 以运用社会常识来解答此类题。所以建议考生平时多留意生活 中的事件及其关系。
语法专项突破
走向高考 ·高考总复习 ·外研版 ·英语
1．文章特点 社会文化类文章的选材一般以中西文化差异或者社会文化 现象为重点，如礼仪、语言、生活习惯、价值观等，题材涉及 社会、文化、教育、体育等方面的内容。以议论文、记叙文居
多，但是也有说明文，而且往往一篇文章表达一个主题，如
2011年福建卷阅读理解B篇便是这种类型——文章主要介绍了the Edmonton Folk Music Festival的相关事宜。
2.扩大阅读量，体会不同体裁文章的特点并了解其解题方 法 由于高考阅读理解有着篇幅较长、长难句偏多、体裁和题 材多样等特点，考生的阅读速度显得至关重要。如果阅读速度

三英语第一轮复习Book4 Module1-2 测标试题I. 语法填空A big fire broke out in a clothing factory in our city last Wednesday. At 9:18 that morning, when the employees 1________ (work) busily in the 4-storeyed building, heavy smoke was seen 2_______(come) out of the windows on the second floor. In a while, the whole building was in flames. The fire lasted nearly an hour, during which the 3________(major) of the 345 employees managed to escape from the deadly scene. Unfortunately, 7 were killed, and 234______(injure), lightly or seriously.Some workers complained that aids came too late, but the firemen 5_______come just 10 minutes after the fire was reported. To rescue everyone from the burning and smoking building in such a short time was too difficult. 6_______only two exits of the big building were not enough for so many people to withdraw (撤退) in a hurry.The cause of the fire, according to an investigator, was 7_______ someone broke the no-smoking rule in the factory, because some cigarette ends were found. If the smokers 8_______ (have) a stronger sense of security, the fire wouldn’t have happened. Next two weeks, 15 inspection teams will be working in all the factories 9_______turn, aiming to clear away the possibility of more fires.10_______ (hope) no disasters like this will happen again.II. 单项填空11. Cookies ____ like different kinds of animals appeal to small children very much.A. shapingB. shapedC. to be shapedD. having shaped12. ---- I haven’t seen my uncle for a long time.---- __________ him this Sunday?A. Why not visitB. Why not to visitC. Why not visitingD. Why don’t visit13.__________, I think, and we could solve the problem.A. With more effortB. Making more effortC. More effortD. If we make more effort14. Why are you killing time this way? Can’t you find something _____doing at all?A. usefulB. valuableC. worthyD. worth15. The waste from the paper factory has poisoned all the fish here to death; _______is left.A. nothingB. no oneC. noneD. not anythingIII.短语运用16. Caught in the heavy rain, he will be sick _______________________________.17. You can _____________________________ Peter to do what he has promised.18. The addicted young man made up his mind to ____________________smoking.19. He ________________________________ with the book store for some books.20. My strength _____________________________ after running such a long time.21. All information is available __________________________________ a switch.22. I__________________________ in the traffic for a long time on the way home.23. Short skirts are definitely ___________________________________ now and longerones are in again.24. We can’t do two things ___________________________________, you know.25. The rumor that the leader was murdered __________________________soon.IV. 完型填空"Look, it's Baldy!" A boy shouted in my direction across the playground. Even though I was used to regular insults(侮辱) because of the 26 on my head, it was 27 horrible to hear. I sighed as I headed back to the class.When I was just 20 months old, I suffered serious 28 after a bowl full of hot oil fell on my head. I was 29 to hospital and had to stay. there for weeks while the doctors 30 to save my life. "Holly's very 31 to be alive," they told Mum and Dad. "But she'll be 32 with scars on her head, and of course her hair won't grow there."As a child, I cared much about my scars, so I 33 wore a scarf to cover them up when I left home. 34 I didn't, people would call me horrible names like Baldy.Although my friends were always comforting me, they never 35 understood how it felt.Then through the hospital I was 36 to a children's burns camp, where children like me can get any help. There, I 37 14-year-old Stephanie, whose burns are a lot more serious than mine. But she is so 38 that she never lets anyone put her down. "You shouldn't 39 what people say about what you look like because we're not different from anyone else, Holly," she 40 me. "And you don't need to wear a scarf because you look great 41 it!" For the first time in my life I could speak to someone who'd been through something 42 . So weeks later, at my 13th birthday party, 43 by her bravery, I gave up my scarf and showed off my scars. It felt amazing not having to 44 away behind my scarf.Now, I am 45 of what I look like and much happier, because I have realized itis your personality(个性)that decides who you truly are.26. A. hat B. scarf C. scars D. cuts27. A. still B. just C. never D. seldom28. A. hunger B. cold C. defeats D. burns29. A. rushed B. led C. invited D. forced30. A. learned B. fought C. returned D. decided31. A. happy B. lucky C. lonely D. poor32. A. pressed B. occupied C. left D. painted33. A. possibly B. usually C. finally D. nearly34. A. Although B. Since C. If D. Before35. A. correctly B. roughly C. easily D. really36. A. promoted B. introduced C. reported D. carried37. A. met B. recognized C. remembered D. caught38. A. honest B. strong C. active D. young39. A. write down B. agree with C. pass on D. listen to40. A. promised B. encouraged C. ordered D. calmed41. A. in B. for C. without D. beyond42. A. similar B. strange C. hard D. important43. A. allowed B. required C. guided D. inspired44. A. hide B. give C. keep D. put45. A. sick B. aware C. tired D. proudV.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。