河南省信阳市罗山高级中学2020届高三语文上学期第10周周测试题含答案

2020届高三入学调研语文考试卷含答案注意事项：1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。

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3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。

写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。

第Ⅰ卷阅读题一、现代文阅读（36分）（一）论述类文本阅读（本题共3小题，9分）阅读下面的文字，完成1～3题。

一篇文章的优劣，取决于能否映射现实、有无社会观照。

倘若文风浮夸自大，标题一惊一乍，事实似是而非，这不仅唐突了读者，也丧失了传播价值，污染了舆论生态。

最近在网上，“美国害怕了”“日本吓傻了”“欧洲后悔了”之类的文章，总能赚取不少莫名点击。

然而，纵观这些所谓“爆款”文章，其实却了无新意，一味夸大，文风堪忧。

比如，有的任意拔高、以偏概全，高喊《在这些领域，中国创下多个“世界第一”！无人表示不服》；有的自我安慰、贻人口实，鼓吹《别怕，我国科技实力超越美国，居世界第一》；有的内容一厢情愿、断章取义，将国外的只言片语，放大成“中国在世界舞台上占据中心位置…中国现在是全球第一经济体”等声音。

这些“雄文”的共性，一无事实骨架，二无内容血肉，三无思想含量，徒有浮躁外壳，经不起一点风吹日晒。

要知道，文章不会因为浮夸而增色，国家也不会因为自大而变强。

挑动极端情绪、肆意传播偏见，容易造成公众走进夜郎自大、自吹自擂的狂妄误区，导致社会陷入信息碎片化、思维程序化的认知闭环。

新闻学有一种观点认为，“最好的编辑一定是个营销专家”。

而某些媒体，其浮夸自大的文风，无异于“吸睛涨粉”的气球，一触即破。

这类文章的始作俑者，把标题当作一枚带着诱饵的鱼钩，诸如“全球首款”“世界第一”的标题党，给标题大加“刺激”的猛料，以博人眼球，吊人胃口。

2020届河南省信阳高级中学高三语文上学期期末考试试题及参考答案一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文字，完成下列各题。

四合院秋冬①仲夏刚过，一阵好雨，一阵凉风，四合院的秋忽焉而至了。

②到上海后，每爱七八月间回北京，常常住到旧历七月下旬再回江南，几乎像辛勤的候鸟一样，年年可以迎接燕山的新秋。

其时在宣南还有一间小房，可以容身。

虽是宿舍房子，但是平房，又是按四合院的格局盖的。

中间院子、四周房子，自然不是一家一院，而是十七八家的大杂院。

不过因为有院子，人们可以搬个小板凳在院乘凉，也可在窗前听雨，或坐房中，隔着竹帘望院中雨景……这样还多少有一些古老的四合院的情调。

③有一年近中元节时，好雨初晴，金风乍到，精神为之一爽，忽然诗兴大发，写下了一首诗并寄给平伯师。

他回信道：“奉手书并新著五言，得雨中幽趣，为欣。

视我之闷居洋楼，不知风雨者，远胜矣。

”从平伯师的信中，可以看到，从四合院中感觉到的季节情趣，在洋楼中是感觉不到的。

他现在虽然住在南沙沟高级洋房中，却也免不了怀念老君堂的古老四合院中的古槐书屋了。

④造化给人们以光泽和色彩，是公平的。

宫阙红墙，秋风黄叶，宫廷有宫廷的绚烂秋色，百姓家也有百姓家的朴实淡雅的秋色。

在那靠城根一带，或南城南下洼子一带偏僻的小胡同中，多是低低的小四合院的房子。

一进院门，种棵歪脖子枣树；北房山墙上，种两棵老倭瓜；屋门前种点喇叭花、指甲草、野菊花、草茉莉……总之，秋风一起，那可就热闹了，会把小院点缀得五光十色，那真是秋色可观。

虽在帝京，也饶有田家风味。

至于那些盛开的花花草草，喇叭花的紫花白边，指甲草的娇红带粉，野菊花的黄如金盏，草茉莉的白花红点，还有那“满架秋风扁豆花”的淡紫色的星星点点……这都是开在夏尾，盛在秋初，点缀得陋巷人家秋色如画了。

⑤当然，还有精致一点的小院。

这种院子不是北城的深宅大院，而大多在东、西城及南城。

“四破五”的南北屋，也就是四开间的宽度，盖成三正两耳的小五间，东西屋非常入浅。

河南省信阳市罗山高级中学2020届高三语文上学期第10周周测试题一、现代文阅读（一）论述类文本阅读阅读下面的文字，完成下列小题。

工匠精神自古就是“中国气质”张柏春如今，大家一提工匠精神，一般都先想起德国、日本等发达国家。

殊不知，自古以来，工匠精神就是“中国气质”之一。

工匠在古代的社会地位不算高，但有很多匠人名垂青史。

先秦的鲁班、李冰是以心灵手巧而成就事业的标杆人物。

三国时期的“名巧”马钧虽不善言辞，却心灵手巧，擅长解决实际的技术难题。

宋代的韩公廉成为将工匠传统与天算知识结合的工程师。

明朝的宋应星，没能考中进士，却撰写出《天工开物》，被外国学者誉为“中国17世纪的工艺百科全书”。

宋应星本人也被后人视为科学家。

工匠们往往以打造精品为追求，例如，早在6000多年前，中国人开始制作玉器。

朱熹付《论语·学而》中的“如琢如磨”做了注解。

他说:“治玉石者，既琢之而复磨之;治之已精，而益求其精也。

’。

这是中国思想家对工匠精神的精彩解说。

其实，在工业化早期阶段。

德国生产的产品根本谈不上精致。

德国人到英国展出产品.被要求标注。

"Made in Germany"。

相当于劣等产品的标签，这种标注产地的做法给德国人以很大刺激，他们立志要摘掉劣等产品的帽子，经过上百年努力才后来居上.使“Made in Germany”成为精品的标记。

这一时期，“东洋货”也曾是劣质产品的代名词，现在日本产品却大都是世界精品。

精品的产出，当然需要制度作保障。

比起标注"Made in Germany"，中国很早就形成了标注制造者姓名的制度。

秦始皇统一度量衡，为控制产品质量、推行标准化生产奠定了基础。

事实上，在秦始皇统一中国之前，秦国就实行了“物勒工名”制度。

要求器物的制造者把自己的名字刻在自己制作的产品上，以方便管理者检验产品质量、考核工匠的技艺。

秦代制器，不仅要刻上工匠之名，还要刻上督造者和主造者之名.以便逐级追查产品质量的责任人。

罗山高级中学2020届高三上学期第10周周测英语试题第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分 40 分)第一节(共 15 小题:每小题 2 分，满分 30 分)AAssistant professor in Musical Theatre DanceWichita State University seeks a full-time, 9-month assistant professor, beginning in August. Applicants are required to have a degree in dance area, teaching experience at a professional or college level, ability to direct and teach stage movement. The salary depends on qualifications and experience.For complete information visit http: // .Full Professor in Theatre and DanceThe Department of Theatre and Dance at the University of California at San Diego (http: //www. theatre, ) is seeking an experienced theatre artist in lighting design. Applicants must work for us for at least one year. Significant professional experience is required. This position is expected to teach at both graduate and undergraduate levels.A review of applications will start on June 1st. Application deadline: September 1st.Technical Director in Performing and Fine ArtsDeSales University’s Performing and Fine Arts Department seeks a highly skilled, professional technical director. The position is a 10-month staff position with the possibility of summer employment with the Pennsylvania Shakespeare Festival. Professional experience is required; MFA is preferred.Please email materials to john. bell . Screening of applications begins immediately and will continue until the position is filled.Assistant Director-Media Resources CenterMaryland Institute College of Art is seeking an assistant director of Media Resources Center in the Academic Affairs Division.Qualifications for the position include a degree in Art History or related fields with knowledge of art and design history, library experience, excellent interpersonal communication skills and familiarity with photoshop and scanning.A review of applications will begin immediately; job announcements will remain open until the position is filled. Applicants are required to work for us at least 11 months and can send emails to jobs . The salary differs depending on your experience. Please include your desired salary in your application letter.21. If an applicant has 9.5-month free time, he or she can pay close attention to the ad of________ .A. Assistant Professor in Musical Theatre DanceB. Full Professor in Theatre and DanceC. Technical Director in Performing and Fine ArtsD. Assistant Director Media Resources Center22. If you have excellent interpersonal communication skills, you can apply to________ .A. Wichita State UniversityB. the University of CaliforniaC. Maryland Institute College of ArtD. DeSales University23. According to the advertisements, we can learn that ________.A. all the job announcements will remain open until the positions are filledB. all the jobs mentioned above promise a good salaryC. all the reviews of applications will begin immediatelyD. all the jobs mentioned in the text require experienceBMore than 10 years ago, it was difficult to buy a tasty pineapple. The fruits that made it to the UK were green on the outside and, more often than not, hard with an unpleasant taste within. Then in 1966, the Del Monte Gold pineapple produced in Hawaii first hit our shelves.The new type of pineapple looked more yellowy-gold than green. It was slightly softer on the outside and had a lot of juice inside. But the most important thing about this new type of pineapple was that it was twice as sweet as the hit-and-miss pineapples we had known. In no time, the Del Monte Gold took the market by storm, rapidly becoming the world’s best-selling pineapple variety, and delivering natural levels of sweetness in the mouth, up until then only found in tinned pineapple.In nutrition it was all good news too. This nice tasting pineapple contained four times more vitamin C than the old green variety. Nutritionists said that it was not only full of vitamins, but also good against some diseases. People were understandably eager to be able to buy this wonderful fruit. The new type of pineapple was selling fast, and the Del Monte Gold pineapple rapidly became a fixture in the shopping basket of the healthy eater.Seeing the growing market for its winning pineapple, Del Monte tried to keep market to itself. But other fruit companies argued successfully that Del Monte turned to law for help, but failed. Those companies argued successfully that Del Monte’s attempts to keep the golden pineapple for itself were just a way to knock them out the market.24. We learn from the text that the new type at pineapple is __________.A. green outside and sweet insideB. good-looking outside and soft insideC. yellowy-gold outside and hard insideD. a little soft outside and sweet inside25. Why was the new type of pineapple selling well?A. It was rich in nutrition and tasted nice.B. It was less sweet and good for health.C. It was developed by Del Monte.D. It was used as medicine.26. The underlined word “fixture” in Paragraph 3 probably refers to something _________.A. that people enjoy eatingB. that is always presentC. that is difficult to getD. that people use as a gift27. We learn from the last paragraph that Del Monte _________.A. slowed other companies to develop pineapplesB. succeeded in keeping the pineapple for itselfC. tried hard to control the pineapple marketD. planned to help the other companiesCEssentially, everyone has two ages: a chronological（按时间计算的）age, how old the calendar says you are, and a biological age, basically the age at which your body functions as it compares to average fitness or health levels.“Chronological age isn’t how old we really are. It’s merely a number,” said Professor David Sinclair at Harvard University. “It is biological age that determines our health and ultimately our lifespan. We all age biologically at different rates according to our genes, what we eat, how much we exercise, and what environment we live in. Biological age is the number of candles we really should be blowing out. In the future, with advances in our ability to control biological age, we may have even fewer candles on our birthday cake than the previous one.To calculate biological age, Professor Levine at Yale University identified ninebio-makers that seemed to be the most influential on lifespan by a simple blood test. The numbers of those markers, such as blood sugar and immune measures, can be put into thecomputer, and the algorithm（算式）does the rest.Perhaps what’s most important here is that these measures can be ch anged. Doctors can take this information and help patients make changes to lifestyle, and hopefully take steps to improve their biological conditions. “I think the most exciting thing about this research is that these things aren’t set in stone,” Levine said. “People can be given the information earlier and take steps to improve their health before it’s too late.”Levine even entered her own numbers into the algorithm. She was surprised by the results. “I always considered myself a very healthy person. I’m physically activ e;I eat what I consider a fairly healthy diet. But I did not find my results to be as good as I had hoped they would be. It was a wake-up call,” she said.Levine is working with a group to provide access to the algorithm online so that anyone can calculate their biological age, identify potential risks and take steps to improve their health in the long run. “No one wants to live an extremely longlife with a lot of chronic（慢性的）diseases,” Levine said. “By delaying the development of mental and physical functioning problems, people can still be engaged in society in their senior years. That is the ideal we should be pursuing.”28. Biological age depends on ______.A. whether we can adapt ourselves to the environmentB. when we start to take outdoor exerciseC. how well our body works compared with our peers’D. what the calendar says about our age29. By saying “we may have even fewer candles on our birthday cake than the previous one.” in Para. 2, the author means ______.A. we are chronologically older than last yearB. we might be less happy than the previous yearC. we don’t have to celebrate our birthday every yearD. we may be biologically younger than the year before30. What does the author want to tell us by Levine’s example in Pa ra. 5?A. It is necessary to change our diet regularly.B. The test results may give us wrong information.C. Waking up early in the morning is good for our fitness.D. The algorithm can reveal our potential health problems.31. The ultimate g oal of Levine’s research is to ______.A. provide people with access to scientific theoryB. work out a solution to genetic problemsC. keep people socially active even in old ageD. free people from chronic diseasesDEnough “meaningless drivel”. That’s the message from a group of members of the UK government who have been examining how social media firms like LinkedIn gather and use social media data.The House of Commons Science and Technology Committee’s report, released last week, has blamed firms for making people sign up to long incomprehensible legal contracts and calls for an international standard or kitemark (认证标记) to identify sites that have clear terms and conditions. “The term and conditions statement that we all carelessly agree to i s meaningless drivel to anyone,” says Andrew Miller, the chair of the committee. Instead, he says, firms should provide a plain-English version of their terms. The simplified version would be checked by a third party and awarded a kitemark if it is an accurate reflection of the original.It is not yet clear who would administer the scheme, but the UK government is looking at introducing it on a voluntary basis. “we need to think through how we make that work in practice,” says Miller.Would we pay any more attention to a kitemark? “I think if you went and did the survey, people would like to think they would,” says Nigel Shadbolt at the University of Southampton, UK, who studies open data. “We do know people worry a lot about theinappropriate use of their i nformation.” But what would happen in practice is another matter, he says.Other organizations such as banks ask customers to sign long contracts they may not read or understand, but Miller believes social media requires special attention because it is so new. “We still don’t know how significant the long-term impact is going to be of unwise things that kids put on social media that come back and bite them in 20 years’ time,” he says.Shadbolt, who gave evidence to the committee, says the problem is that we don’t know how companies will use our data because their business models and uses of data are still evolving.Large collections of personal information have become valuable only rec ently, he says.The shock and anger when a social media firm does something with data that people don’t expect, even if users have apparently permission, show that the current situation isn’t working. If properly administered, a kitemark on terms and conditions could help people know what exactly they are signing up to. Although they would still have to actually read them.32. What does the phrase “meaningless drivel”in paragraphs 1 and2 refer to?A. Guidelines on how to use social media websites properly.B. Warnings from the UK government against unsafe websites.C. Legal contracts that social media firms make people sign up to.D. Insignificant data collected by social media firms.33.It can be inferred from the passage that Nigel Shadbolt doubts whethe r _______.A. social media firms would conduct a survey on the kitemark scheme .B. people would pay as much attention to a kitemark as they think.C. a kitemark scheme would be workable on a nationwide scale.D. the kitemark would help companies develop their business models.34. Andrew Miller thinks social media needs more attention than banksmainly because ______A. their users consist largely of kids under 20 years old.B. the language in their contracts is usually harder to understand.C. the information they collected could become more valuable in futu re.D. it remains unknown how users’data will be taken advantage of.35. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A. Say no to social media?B. New security rules in operation?C. Accept without reading?D. Administration matters!第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)36 You probably think you will never be a top student. This is not necessarily so, however. Anyone can become a better student if he or she wants to. Here’s how: Plan your time carefully. When planning your work, you should make a list of things that you have to do. After making this list, you should make a schedule of your time. First your time for eating, sleeping, dressing, etc. Then decide a good, regular timefor studying. 37 A weekly schedule may not solve all your problems, but it will force you realize what is happening to your time.Find a good place to study. Look around the house for a good study area. Keep this space, which may be a desk or simply a corner of your room, free of everything but study materials. No games, radios, or television. When you sit down to study, concentrate on the subject.Make good use of your time in class. 38 Listening carefully in class means less work later. Taking notes will help you remember what the teacher says.Study regularly. When you get home from school, go over your notes, review the important points that your teacher is going to discuss the next day, read that material.39 If you do these things regularly, the material will become more meaningful, and you’ll remember it longer.Develop a good attitude towards tests. The purpose of a test is to show what you have learned about a subject. They help you remember your new knowledge. The world won’t end if you don’t pass a test, so don’t be over worried.40 You will probably discover many others after you have tried these.A. There are other methods that might help you with your studying.B. Don’t forget to set aside enough time for entertainment.C. Take advantage of class time to listen to everything the teacher says.D. No one can become a top student unless he or she works hard.E. Make full use of class time to take notes of what the teacher says in class.F. Maybe you are an average student.G. This will help you understand the next class.第三部分语言知识运用第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）In the summer before I entered middle school, I read the book They Cage the Animalsat Night. It’s a story about Jennings, a boy living in various orphanages with only his stuffed animal（毛绒玩具）, Doggie, for companionship. It’s a fascinating book, but little did I know it would 41 my life and the lives of others.One day, as I looked across my room at the pile of stuffed animals, a(n) 42 cameto me. I would 43 stuffed animals for children like Jennings. 44 , I contacted agencies that support those children and they said the stuffed animals would certainly45 children’s spirits.I named my project “Cuddle Buddies”. I wrote articles for the local and school newspapers, 46 donations of the “buddies”- stuffed animals. My phone 47 ringing; schools, families, and toy factories all wanted to help. Much to my 48 ,by the second week, my living room looked like a zoo. Whenever Mom and I 49 the “buddies” to the agencies, the kids would be waiting there with their eyes down, too 50 to look but shaking with excitement.Six years after its launch, Cuddle Buddies continues to 51 . Now over 25,000 stuffed animals have been 52 to agencies worldwide. Simon, a seven-year-old boy in an African Children’s Home, couldn’t sleep at night after s he lost his parents. When asked to choose his “buddies”, Simon 53 a panda and soon after was sleeping through the night. I never dreamed Cuddle Buddies would 54 this way.Upon graduation from high school, I designed a website, www.cuddlebuddies. net, to 55 the project. The response was 56 . More and more people joined me and two dozen Cuddle Buddies 57 were established across the nation.This has been a great experience. I’ve learned how to follow through on an idea and how to 58 influence a life. I’ll go to college with these 59 in mind and continue my work with Cuddle Buddies, even when I 60 a whole new set of exciting academic and nonacademic pursuits.41. A. touch B. risk C. lead D. save42. A. chance B. idea C.explanation D. Word43. A. display B. repair C. purchase D. collectD. Gradually44. A. Previously B.Occasionally C.Immediately45. A. capture B. reflect C. lift D. recordB.turning downC. asking forD. getting back46.A.puttingaside47. A. delayed B. kept C. stopped D. meant48. A. knowledge B. taste C. regret D. delight49. A. delivered B. applied C. rented D. returned50. A. shy B. content C. weak D. eager51. A. reform B. expand C. control D. divide52. A. produced B. adopted C. sold D. donated53. A. picked out B. came across C. showed off D. brought up54. A. decline B. work C. increase D. react55. A. promote B. start C. evaluate D. examine56. A. confusing B. amusing C. automatic D.enthusiastic57. A. companies B. committees C. branches D. institutesB. positivelyC. sociallyD. physically58. A.financially59. A. plans B. images C. lessons D. motives60. A. work out B. keep off C. rely on D. participatein第三节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）The 2019 Shenzhen Belt & Road International Music Festival opened at the Shenzhen Concert Hall with a concert featuring musicians and artists. It is the third time that Shenzhen 61 (host) the international music festival since its official launch in 2017.More than 800 well-known musicians and artists from over 40 countries and regions will perform during this year's event, 62 will run through April 14.British musician, Alma Deutscher, is the 63 (young)of the artists taking part in the festival. The 14-year-old impressed the audience at the opening concert by giving an improvised performance based on her understanding of the famous Chinese children's song, Little Swallow."With the theme of connecting China to the world, the festival has created a wonderful chapter for cultural 64 (exchange) among nations and showed Shenzhen's devotion and commitment 65 cultural undertakings," Bandarin says."It will further 66 (strong)the city's soft power, and make Shenzhen a city that's well-known for its 67 (create) and culture globally, so as to play an ever-bigger role in 68 (promotion) cultural exchanges among countries and regions along the Belt and Road, and around the world as a whole.""Shenzhen is 69 open city and also an important participant in the Belt and Road Initiative. 70 (hold) the music festival in such a special city is of great significance."第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分 10 分）增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

2019-2020年高三上学期周考10.25语文试题含答案一、论述文阅读（9分）阅读下面的文字，完成1～3题城乡文化的交融过去，社会文化同生活方式一样，也可以分为城市文化和乡村文化，两者之间似乎泾渭分明。

城市文化认为乡村文化缺乏文化含量，而乡村文化则认为城市文化缺少生活气息。

改革开放以来，在市场经济的推动下，我国城市化以前所未有的速度发展，城市文化与乡村文化之间的关系也发生了根本的变化，逐渐由界线分明走向相互渗透，趋于统一。

其中农村文化更多地表现出向城市文化靠拢的趋势。

当然，这种统一并不是简单地将乡村文化包容在城市文化之中。

实际上，两者之间的融合经历了一个复杂的过程，在这一过程之中，乡村文化和城市文化都经历了根本的变化。

应该说，在这个过程中，乡村文化的确呈现出衰落的迹象，如在广大农村，许多地方存在着自己的地方戏曲，它们代表了不同地方的“文化风味”，是乡村文化的重要组成部分。

但在城市文化的猛烈冲击下，这些地方戏曲日益失去了往日的吸引力，特别是对青年的吸引力。

现在的农村青年和城市青年一样，喜欢的是流行歌曲，在此情况下，一些地方戏曲，特别是一些小的地方戏曲的衰落就是难免的。

但是，大凡为历代所传承的文化都不会如此脆弱。

我们看到，有些地方文化在与城市文化的交融中脱颖而出。

而且某些乡村文化在逐渐融入城市文化，并成为城市文化的一个组成部分。

如东北大秧歌一直是东北乡村流行的一种文化形式，但在今天，人们更多地是通过电视看到大秧歌。

而这些节目的制作者，是戴着大众的“眼镜”来生产这些节目的。

到最后，连跳大秧歌的人都认为，电视上的大秧歌是“标准”的大秧歌。

这样，经过改造的大秧歌已不再是原来意义上独立存在的乡村文化，而成了城市大众文化的一个组成部分和构成要素了。

再看城市文化。

如果说城市化的进程对于乡村文化来说是一个衰落过程的话，那么它对于城市文化而言则是一个扩张的过程。

但是，需要注意的是，在这个过程中，首先被改变的不是乡村文化，而恰恰是城市文化自身。

2020年河南省信阳高级中学高三语文上学期期末考试试题及参考答案一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。

散文的“外跨”主要是指散文与小说、诗歌等文体的交叉与交融。

比较典型的是散文与诗歌结缘，从而形成两种文体：一是“散文诗”，二是“诗的散文”。

对于前者，人们往往比较熟悉，像鲁迅《野草》中的多数作品是散文诗；对于后者，人们多有忽略，如纪伯伦散文集《泪与笑》中的作品多属于诗的散文。

不少人将散文诗当作散文，其实它是诗。

与散文诗相比，诗的散文不是诗而是散文，它虽有诗意，但诗性不如散文诗浓。

诗的散文不分行，是连缀的片段，不像散文诗需要分行。

因此，鲁迅《野草》中的《雪》是诗的散文，而不是我们长期以来认为的散文诗。

散文与小说的交融，也是一个重要现象。

在鲁迅、废名、沈从文、孙犁、汪曾祺、贾平凹等的一些小说中，可见散文化的笔法与意趣。

因此有时很难分清甚至无法归类，他们的一些作品到底是小说还是散文。

近些年，有作家提出散文写作的跨文体问题，甚至认为散文完全没必要坚守“真实性”原则，可让散文进入虚构甚至虚假状态，这本身就是一种大胆的“跨越”和“越界”。

当然，还有一些更大胆的设想与突破意愿，即让散文进入一个不受阻隔甚至没有规约的境地：在散文中加进电影的蒙太奇，产生刹那的闪耀；将散文与其他文体杂交，形成“非骡非马”的一种“四不像”的散文，这不仅是一种文体“跨界”，更是一种观念“越界”。

应该说，突破散文的种种限制，让它从诗歌、小说、戏剧等文体中受益，也让散文的分类更加丰富多样，这无疑是非常重要的。

不过，也要注意其风险和失误，那就是过度“跨界”，从而失去散文体性和导致异化。

如将更多诗性加入散文，就会将散文变成诗，至少使散文失去真实与自然。

杨朔曾自豪地宣称，他写散文的最大秘诀是“将散文当诗来写”，这固然有助于增加散文的诗性美，但其最大问题是，诗的夸饰和炫张会让散文失去自然平和之致，导致情感失真与泛滥。

河南省罗山县高级中学新高考语文四模试卷注意事项1．考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。

2．试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

第一部分必须用2B 铅笔作答；第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。

3．考试结束后，考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上，待监考员收回。

1、阅读下面的文字,完成后面各题。

环顾世界,新一轮科技革命和产业变革方兴未艾,中国制造站在了新的时代风口。

（甲）面对重大机遇和严峻挑战,早在2015年,国务院就印发了《制造业人才发展规划指南(2015-2025年)》,对．中国制造业的发展创新做出顶层设计。

而本次发布的指南,可说是落实“中国制造”一揽子．．．．。

．．．专项规划的“人才篇”,也是系列规划指南的收官之作（乙）“功以才成,业由才广”,对于制造业而言,最关键、最积极的因素是人才。

但近年来,我国制造业人才良莠．．不齐．．,人才结构性过剩与短缺的现象同时存在。

（丙）一方面是用人单位求贤若渴却真才难求,另一方面是技工找活不易就业难:制造业人才调结构,提素质的任务十分紧迫。

1．文段中的加点词，运用不正确的一项是（）A．对B．一揽子C．收官之作D．良莠不齐2．文段中画横线的甲、乙、丙三句，标点有误的一项是（）A．甲B．乙C．丙2、阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。

呼兰河传萧红冯歪嘴子把小孩搬到磨房南头那草棚子里去了。

那小孩哭的声音很大，好像他并不是刚刚出生，好像他已经长大了的样子。

那草房里吵得不得了，我想去看看。

这回那女人坐起来了，身上披着被子，很长的大辫子垂在背后，面朝里，坐在一堆草上不知在干什么，她一听门响，一回头。

我看出来了，她就是我们同院住着的老王家的大姑娘，我们都叫她王大姐。

这可奇怪，怎么就是她呢？她一回头几乎是把我吓了一跳。

我转身就想往家里跑。

跑到家里好赶快地告诉祖父，这到底是怎么回事？王大姐看是我，就先向我一笑，她有很大的脸孔，很尖的鼻子，每笑时，她的鼻梁上就皱了一堆的褶。

2020届河南省信阳高级中学高三语文期末考试试题及答案一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下文，完成下面小题说起梅花我出生的那一天，家门前的梅花初绽，据说是朱砂梅，很美，家人就给我取名“梅”字。

父亲自小教我古诗，关于梅花的诗很多，到现在还能一口气背出很多，如“冰雪林中著此身，不与桃李混芳尘”“不受尘埃半点侵，竹篱茅舍自甘心”。

我最喜欢曹雪芹的“冻脸有痕皆是血，酸心无恨亦成灰，误吞丹药移真骨，偷下瑶池脱旧胎”。

关于梅，人们谈论太多，种梅，赏梅，写梅，画梅，梅深入到人们生活的各个角落。

虽知道这名字极美，但每当别人问起我的名字时，又觉得难以启齿，太俗了，取这个名字的人太多，声音听起来也闷声闷气的，对这个名字的尴尬，一直不能释怀，到美国后就马上给自己取了一个雅致的英文名字，以为总可以脱俗了，不料一些好事的西方人非要知道我的中文名字。

记得第一个有个墨西哥人问我名字，我就告诉他我的名字是梅，他又问“梅”是什么意思，我说是一种花，那人打破砂锅问到底，问什么花。

我突然张口结舌起来，记得梅花翻译成英语是plum，就是李子，迟疑了一下，就说plum。

那人噢了一声，就不再问了，显然他对这个答案很失望。

第二次一个美国人问起梅花，我接受上次的教训，不再说李子花，就启发他说，是一种花，中国最美的花，你猜猜看。

那人就说“是玫瑰花”。

我有点失望，进一步启发说，这种花，很美，在冬天开放，中国人最喜欢，经常把它们画成画挂墙上，写进诗里。

那人想了想说：“是牡丹吧，牡丹又大又美，我看很多中国人的家里挂着牡丹花。

而且牡丹是我唯一认识的中国花。

”我一听又没有希望了，也难怪，很少美国人了解中国的历史与文化，何况一种花草。

我说梅花是被中国人挂在墙上，捧在手上，供在心里的，是深入血液和灵魂的一种花。

他似乎被我感动了，突然对梅来了兴趣。

这胖胖的老美认真起来，有一天他突然跑来兴冲冲地告诉我，苏菲，我找到了梅，结一种酸酸的果子，是可以做色拉醋的，很好吃。

河南省信阳市罗山县中学2020-2021学年高一语文模拟试卷含解析一、现代文阅读（35分，共3题）1. 阅读下面的作品，完成下列各题。

精神拾荒三步曲周国平①“学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。

”这是孔子的名言。

意思是说：只读书不思考，后果是糊涂；只思考不读书，后果是危险。

前一句好理解，“罔”即惘然，亦即朱熹所解释的“昏而无得”。

借用叔本华的譬喻来说，就好像是把自己的头脑变成了别人的跑马场，任人践踏，结果当然昏头昏脑。

可是后一句，思而不学怎么就危险了呢？不妨也作一譬喻：就好像自己是一匹马，却蒙着眼睛乱走，于是难免在别人早已走遍的道路上迷途，在别人曾经溺水的池塘边失足，始终处在困顿疲惫的状态了。

句中的“殆”字，前人确有训作困顿疲惫的，而倘若陷在这种状态里出不来，也真是危险。

②孔子当然不是无的放矢，“学而不思”和“思而不学”是好些聪明人也容易犯的毛病。

有一种人，读书很多，称得上博学，但始终没有真正属于自己的见解。

还有一种人，酷爱构筑体系，发现新的真理，但拿出的结果往往并无价值，即使有价值也是前人已经说过而且说得更好的。

遇见这两种人，我总不免替他们惋惜。

我感到不解的是，一个人真正好读书就必定是有所领悟，真正爱思考就必定想知道别人在他所思问题上的见解，学和思怎么能分开呢？不妨说，学和思是互相助兴的，读书引发思考，带着所思的问题读书，都是莫大的精神享受。

③如此看来，学和思不可偏废。

在这二者之外，我还要加上第三件也很重要的事﹣﹣录。

常学常思，必有所得，但如果不及时录下来，便会流失，岂不可惜？不但可惜，如果任其流失，还必定会挫伤思的兴趣。

席勒曾说，任何天才都不可能孤立地发展，外界的激励，如一本好书，一次谈话，会比多年独自耕耘更有力地促进思考。

托尔斯泰据此发挥说，思想在与人交往中产生，而它的加工和表达则是在一个人独处之时。

这话说得非常好，但我要做一点修正。

根据我的经验，思想的产生不仅需要交往亦即外界的激发，而且也需要思想者自身的体贴和鼓励。

2020年河南省信阳市罗山县高级中学高三语文上学期期末试卷含解析一、现代文阅读（35分，共3题）1. 阅读下面的文字，完成各题。

棋王（节选）阿城（1）人是越来越多。

后来的人拼命往前挤，挤不进去，就抓住人打听，以为是杀人的告示。

妇女们也抱着孩子们，远远围成一片。

数千人闹闹嚷嚷，街上像半空响着闷雷。

（2）王一生坐在场当中，手放在两条腿上，眼睛虚望着，一头一脸都是土。

我给他拍一拍土。

他按住我的手，我觉出他有些抖。

他低低地说：“事情闹大了。

书包你拿着，不管怎么样，书包不能丢。

书包里有……有我妈的无字棋【注】。

”他的瘦脸又干又脏，鼻沟也黑了，头发立着，喉咙一动一动的，两眼黑得吓人。

我知道他拼了，心里有些酸，只说：“保重！”（3）棋开始了。

几千人不再出声儿。

自愿服务的人一会儿紧一会儿慢地传出棋步，外边儿的人就变动着棋子儿。

风吹得八张大纸哗哗地响，棋子儿荡来荡去。

（4）太阳斜斜地照在一切上，烧得耀眼。

前几十排的人都坐下了，仰起头看，后面的人也挤得紧紧的，一个个土眉土眼，头发长长短短吹得飘，再没人动一下，似乎都把命放在棋里搏。

（5）我伸手到王一生书包里去掏摸，捏到一个小布包儿，拽出来一看，上面绣了一只蝙蝠，四边儿都用线做了圈口，针脚很细密。

取出一个棋子，确实很小，在太阳底下竟是半透明的，像是一只眼睛，正柔和地瞧着。

我把它攥在手里。

（6）太阳终于落下去了。

人们仍在看着。

里边儿传出一句王一生的棋步，外面的人就嚷动一下。

专有几个人骑车为在家的冠军传送着棋步。

（7）我看见脚卵很高兴的样子，心里就松开一些，问：“怎么样？我不懂棋。

”脚卵抹抹头发，说：“蛮好，蛮好。

这种阵式，我从来也没有见过，你想想看，九个人与他一个人，九局连环！车轮大战！”（8）有两个人从各自的棋盘前站起来，朝着王一生鞠躬，说：“甘拜下风。

”王一生点点头儿，看了他们的位置一眼。

（9）他仍旧双手扶膝，眼平视着，像是望着极远极远的远处，又像是盯着极近的近处。

2024学年河南省罗山县高级中学高三语文试题5月8日第6周测试题考生须知：1．全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，全部在答题纸上作答。

选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。

2．请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。

3．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。

1、阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。

我国的民间文学可谓。

我们所说的民间文学，是指我们的祖先在历史上创造，并在民间社会以口耳相传的，传承至今的口头文学作品。

因为产生并流传于民间，所以我们把它叫做“民间文学”；因为口耳相传，我们又把它称为“口头文学”。

这就限定了我们的、整理、出版的范畴。

首先，它必须是民间的。

其基本标志之就是没有作者，没有。

民间文学是一种公共资源，是一种最传统的公共文化。

至于“打擦边球”的部分，需要具体问题具体分析。

其次，它必须是口头的。

正是因为有了这个特点，人们很容易把它与作家文学区分开来。

当然，( )，但从骨子里说，它的基本属性、它的表达方式，基本上还是“口头”的。

也就是说，无论是否已经整理成文本。

其源头的文本也应该是口耳相传的口头文学作品。

1．依次填入文中横线上的词语，全都恰当的一项是A．源远流长样式搜集冠名权B．绵延不绝形式收集冠名权C．绵延不绝样式收集署名权D．源远流长形式搜集暑名权2．下列填入文中括号内的语句，衔接最恰当的一项是A．越来越多的口头文学已经被印刷成册，这是因为文化知识的普及B．随着文化知识的普及，越来越多的口头文学已经被印刷成册C．越来越多的口头文学已经被印刷成册，这得益于文化知识的普及D．随着文化知识的普及，越来越多的口头文学将会被印刷成册3．文中面横线的句子有语病，下列修改最恰当的一项是A．即使已经整理成文本，其文本的源头也应该是口耳相传的口头文学作品。

B．无论是否已经整理成文本，其文本的源头也应该是口耳相传的口头文学作品。

2023-2024学年河南省罗山高中老校区语文高三上期末学业质量监测模拟试题请考生注意：1．请用2B铅笔将选择题答案涂填在答题纸相应位置上，请用0．5毫米及以上黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将主观题的答案写在答题纸相应的答题区内。

写在试题卷、草稿纸上均无效。

2．答题前，认真阅读答题纸上的《注意事项》，按规定答题。

1．在下面一段文字横线处填入语句，衔接最恰当的一项是（）传统不是凝固的沉淀物，而是松散的相对稳定的结构。

________，________。

________，________，________，________。

但更新不是废弃自我主体，而是在旧传统中增加了新养分和新资源。

①固有的传统会有所增减直至发生变异②经过相遇相熟到彼此吸收融合的过程③承载着历史的惰性而又不随顺时俗俯仰④此时传统更新的历史时刻就来到了⑤但当异质文化之水悄然进入这条河流的时候⑥是它天然生就的品格A．③④②⑥⑤①B．③⑥⑤②①④C．⑤①②③⑥④D．⑤⑥④②③①2．补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。

（1）姚鼐在《登泰山记》中用“___________”一句写出群山雪后之态，接着又用“___________”一句写积雪的光彩，一句绘形，一句着色，形象生动。

（2）王安石《游褒禅山记》中“___________，___________”两句，告诉人们做事情只要竭尽全力，便可无怨无悔。

（3）面对疫情，白衣卫士集结出征，让人想到《无衣》中将士们修整铠甲兵器共赴前线的情景:“___________，___________！”3．阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。

想起外婆吐舌头的样子李娟外婆有个习惯性的小动作，就是吐舌头。

通常这一动作会出现在做了错事之后。

而她做了错事通常会先掖着瞒着，如打碎了糖罐子，就悄悄把碎片扫一扫，剩糖撮一撮，换个一模一样的罐子装了原样摆着。

直到你问她：糖为什么突然少了半罐子？她就吐吐舌头，笑眯眯地坦白。

金鱼死后，鱼缸一直空在那里，空了很久。