英语真题单词(2000-2005)

考研英语历年真题例句详解含译文翻译1. capable ['keipəbl]a. 有本领的，有能力的；(of)可以…的,能…的［真题例句］Our mental health doesn’t go anywhere; like the sun behind a cloud, it can be temporarily hidden from view, but it is fully capable of being restored in an instant. 参考译文：我们的精神健康哪儿也不会去，就像云后的太阳，可能暂时被遮住看不到了，但是完全能很快恢复。

（2016考研英语翻译）2. capacity [kə'pæsəti]n. 容量，容积，能量，能力；接受力【同义词】volume；capability；competence［真题例句］The most famous of these efforts was initiated by Noam Chomsky, who suggested that humans are born with an innatelanguage-acquisition capacity that dictates a universal grammar.参考译文：在这些寻找语言共性的努力中，最著名的是由Noam Chomsky倡导的。

他认为人类有一种与生倶来的能掌握通用语法的语言习得能力。

（2012考研英语翻译）3. cape[keip]n. 海角，岬；披肩，短披风4. capital ['kæpitəl]n. 首都，大写字母，资本a. 主要的，大写字母的［真题例句］The railroad industry as a whole, despite its brightening fortunes, still does not earn enough to cover the cost of the capital it must invest to keep up with its surging traffic.参考译文：虽然前途光明，铁路产业整体收入依然不足，不能满足日益增长的运输所需投资的需求。

2000年1, pave [peiv]vt. 铺设；安排；作铺设之用2, affluence ['æfluəns]n. 富裕；丰富；流入；汇聚3, impetusn.动力；促进；冲力4, textilesn. 纺织品；纺织业；纺织面料；纺织品类（textile的复数）5, painstaking ['peinz,teikiŋ]adj. 艰苦的；勤勉的；小心的n. 辛苦；勤勉6, on the ropes濒于失败；完全无力回击；处于困境7, devalue [,di:'vælju:]vt. 使贬值；降低…的价值vi. 贬值8, for a while暂时9, casualty ['kæʒjuəlti]n. 意外事故；伤亡人员；急诊室10, sensational [sen'seiʃənəl]adj. 轰动的；耸人听闻的；非常好的；使人感动的11, take sth. for granted认为……理所当然12, think-tank智囊团13, quick-witted ['kwik'witid]adj. 机智灵敏的14, prosperous ['prɔspərəs]adj. 繁荣的；兴旺的15, fade [feid, fad]vi. 褪色；凋谢；逐渐消失vt. 使褪色adj. 平淡的；乏味的n. 淡出；淡入16, shrunk [ʃrʌŋk]v. 收缩（shrink的过去分词）17, dreadful ['dredful]adj. 可怕的；糟透的，令人不快的18, glowing ['ɡləuiŋ]adj. 灼热的；热情洋溢的；鲜艳的v. 发光；容光焕发（glow的ing形式）；发热19, handicap ['hændikæp]n. 障碍；不利条件，不利的因素vt. 妨碍，阻碍；使不利20, at a loss亏本地；困惑不解21, unparalleledadj.无比的；无双的；空前未有的22, wither ['wiðə]vt. 使凋谢；使畏缩；使衰弱vi. 枯萎；凋谢；衰弱23, triangle ['traiæŋɡl]n. 三角（形）；三角关系；三角形之物；三人一组24, hinder ['hində]vi. 成为阻碍vt. 阻碍；打扰adj. 后面的25, hamper ['hæmpə]vt. 妨碍；束缚；使困累n. 食盒，食篮；阻碍物26, give sb. easy access to27, irreplaceableadj.不能代替的，不能调换的28, without rivals29, uncomparableadj.无法比较的30, parallel ['pærəlel]n. 平行线；对比vt. 使…与…平行adj. 平行的；类似的，相同的31, paralyze ['pærəlaiz]vt. 使麻痹；使瘫痪32, parasite ['pærəsait]n. 寄生虫；食客33, parachute ['pærə,ʃu:t]n. 降落伞vi. 跳伞34, sentimental [,senti'mentəl]adj. 感伤的；感情脆弱的35, maturity [mə'tjuəriti]n. 成熟；到期；完备36, ratio ['reiʃiəu, -ʃəu]n. 比率，比例37, mortality [mɔ:'tæləti]n. 死亡数，死亡率；必死性，必死的命运38, variation [,vεəri'eiʃən]n. 变化；变异，变种39, agent ['eidʒənt]n. 代理人，代理商；药剂；特工vt. 由…作中介；由…代理adj. 代理的40, commit [kə'mit]vt. 犯罪，做错事；把...交托给；指派…作战；使…承担义务41, savage ['sævidʒ]adj. 野蛮的；残酷的；狂怒的；荒凉的n. 未开化的；粗鲁的人；残暴成性的人vt. 乱咬；粗暴的对待42, be commited to43, fill [fil]vt. 装满，使充满；满足；堵塞；任职vi. 被充满，膨胀n. 满足；填满的量；装填物44, mediocrity [,mi:di'ɔkrəti, ,med-] n. 平庸之才；平常45, mature [mə'tjuə]adj. 成熟的；充分考虑的；到期的；成年人的vi. 成熟；到期vt. 使…成熟；使…长成；慎重作出46, inflation [in'fleiʃən]n. 膨胀；通货膨胀；夸张；自命不凡47, presence ['prezəns]n. 存在；出席；参加；风度；仪态48, diminish [di'miniʃ]vt. 使减少；使变小vi. 减少，缩小；变小49, tail [teil]n. 尾巴；踪迹；辫子；燕尾服vt. 尾随；装上尾巴vi. 跟踪；变少或缩小adj. 从后面而来的；尾部的50, curtail [kə:'teil]vt. 缩减；剪短；剥夺…特权等51, mederate52, moderate ['mɔdərət, 'mɔdəreit] adj. 稳健的，温和的；适度的，中等的；有节制的vi. 变缓和，变弱vt. 节制；减轻53, defective [di'fektiv]adj. 有缺陷的；不完美的n. 有缺陷的人；不完全变化词54, fierce [fiəs]adj. 凶猛的；猛烈的；暴躁的55, mate [meit]n. 助手，大副；配偶；同事；配对物vt. 使配对；使一致；结伴vi. 交配；成配偶；紧密配合56, descendantsn. 后代，晚辈（descendant的复数）；子节点；衍生物57, uglinessn.丑陋；丑陋之物58, comprehension [,kɔmpri'henʃən] n. 理解；包含59, commit oneself to60, organic [ɔ:'ɡænik]adj. 有机的；组织的；器官的；根本的61, remaining [ri'meiniŋ]adj. 剩下的，剩余的62, offspring ['ɔfspriŋ, 'ɔ:-]n. 后代，子孙；产物63, contraction [kən'trækʃən]n. 收缩，紧缩；缩写式；害病64, shrink [ʃriŋk]vi. 收缩；畏缩vt. 使缩小，使收缩n. 收缩65, contract ['kɔntrækt, kən'trækt] vi. 收缩；感染；订约vt. 感染；订约；使缩短n. 合同；婚约66, traco67, trail [treil]vt. 追踪；拖；蔓延；落后于n. 小径；痕迹；尾部；踪迹vi. 飘出；蔓生；垂下；拖曳68, track [træk]n. 轨道；足迹，踪迹；小道vt. 追踪；通过；循路而行；用纤拉vi. 追踪；走；留下足迹69, tailor ['teilə]vt. 剪裁；使合适n. 裁缝vi. 做裁缝70, advisable [əd'vaizəbl]adj. 明智的，可取的，适当的71, essential [i'senʃəl]adj. 基本的；必要的；本质的；精华的n. 本质；要素；要点；必需品72, fulfill [ful'fil]vt. 履行；实现；满足；使结束（等于fulfil）73, with regard to74, proposition [,prɔpə'ziʃən]n. 命题；提议；[修辞]主题；议题vt. 向…提议；向…求欢75, corresponding [,kɔ:ri'spɔndiŋ] adj. 相当的，相应的；一致的；通信的v. 类似（correspond的ing形式）；相配76, approach [ə'prəutʃ]n. 方法；途径；接近vt. 接近；着手处理vi. 靠近77, class [klɑ:s, klæs]n. 阶级；班级；种类vt. 分类；把…分等级adj. 极好的78, verb [və:b]n. 动词；动词词性；动词性短语或从句adj. 动词的；有动词性质的；起动词作用的79, qualifyingadj. 使具有资格的80, flaw [flɔ:]n. 瑕疵，裂纹；缺点；一阵狂风vt. 使无效；使破裂，使有缺陷vi. 生裂缝，变的有缺陷81, out will82, confused [kən'fju:zd]adj. 困惑的；混乱的；糊涂的v. 困惑（confuse的过去式）83, consequently ['kɔnsi,kwəntli] adv. 因此；结果；所以84, farfetched85, adjective86, colored inks87, admittingv. 承认（admit的ing形式）88, unhampered89, interpret [in'tə:prit]vt. 说明；口译vi. 解释；翻译90, imitate ['imiteit]vt. 模仿，仿效；仿造，仿制91, battle ['bætl]n. 战役；斗争vi. 斗争；作战vt. 与…作战92, divorce [di'vɔ:s]vt. 使离婚，使分离；与…离婚n. 离婚；分离vi. 离婚93, jealous ['dʒeləs]adj. 妒忌的；猜疑的；唯恐失去的；戒备的94, commute [kə'mju:t]vt. 减刑；交换；用……交换；使……变成vi. 通勤；代偿n. 通勤（口语）95, aimlessness96, postwar97, endure [in'djuə]vt. 忍耐；容忍vi. 忍耐；持续98, harmony ['hɑ:məni]n. 协调；和睦；融洽；调和99, literal ['litərəl]adj. 文字的；逐字的；无夸张的100, envy ['envi]n. 嫉妒，妒忌；羡慕vt. 嫉妒，妒忌；羡慕vi. 感到妒忌；显示出妒忌101, counterpart ['kauntə,pɑ:t]n. 副本；配对物；极相似的人或物102, rival ['raivəl]n. 对手；竞争者vt. 与…竞争；比得上某人vi. 竞争adj. 竞争的103, adversary ['ædvəsəri]n. 对手；敌手104, mutual ['mju:tʃuəl, -tjuəl] adj. 共同的；相互的，彼此的105, cultivation [,kʌlti'veiʃən]n. 培养；耕作；耕种；教化；文雅106, nurture ['nə:tʃə]vt. 养育；鼓励；培植n. 养育；教养；营养物107, nourish ['nʌriʃ, 'nə:-]vt. 滋养；怀有；使健壮108, nutrition [nju:'triʃən]n. 营养，营养学；营养品109, nourishment ['nʌriʃmənt, 'nə:-] n. 食物；营养品；滋养品110, occupation [,ɔkju'peiʃən]n. 职业；占有；消遣；占有期111, rigid ['ridʒid]adj. 严格的；僵硬的，死板的；坚硬的；精确的112, reform [ri'fɔ:m]n. 改革，改良；改正vt. 改革，革新；重新组成vi. 重组；改过adj. 改革的；改革教会的113, outcry ['autkrai, ,aut'krai] n. 强烈抗议；大声疾呼；尖叫；倒彩114, liberal ['libərəl]adj. 自由主义的；慷慨的；不拘泥的；宽大的n. 自由主义者115, assault [ə'sɔ:lt]n. 攻击；袭击vt. 攻击；袭击vi. 袭击；动武116, amid [ə'mid]prep. 在其中，在其间117, dispose [dis'pəuz]vt. 处理；处置；安排vi. 处理；安排；（能够）决定n. 处置；性情118, disposition [,dispə'ziʃən]n. 处置；性情；部署；倾向119, get rid of120, disposable [dis'pəuzəbl]adj. 可任意处理的；可自由使用的；用完即可丢弃的121, disposal [dis'pəuzəl]n. 处理；支配；清理；安排122, conserve [kən'sə:v, 'kɔnsə:v] vt. 保存；将…做成蜜饯；使守恒n. 果酱；蜜饯123, preserve [pri'zə:v]vt. 保存；保护；维持；腌；禁猎n. 保护区；禁猎地；加工成的食品124, reserve [ri'zə:v]n. 储备，储存；自然保护区；预备队；储备金vt. 储备；保留；预约vi. 预订125, esteem [i'sti:m]vt. 尊敬；认为；考虑；估价n. 尊重；尊敬126, get on in life127, destiny ['destini]n. 命运，定数，天命128, sly [slai]adj. 狡猾的；淘气的；诡密的129, deem [di:m]vt. 认为，视作；相信vi. 认为，持某种看法；作某种评价130, profess [prəu'fes]vt. 自称；公开表示；宣称信奉；正式准予加入vi. 声称；承认；当教授131, behalf [bi'hɑ:f]n. 代表；利益132, honored133, hypocrisy [hi'pɔkrisi]n. 虚伪；伪善134, formulation [,fɔ:mju'leiʃən]n. 构想，规划；公式化；简洁陈述135, acquisitive [ə'kwizitiv]adj. 贪得的；想获得的；可学到的；有获得可能性的136, ample ['æmpl]adj. 丰富的；足够的；宽敞的137, audience ['ɔ:diəns]n. 观众；听众；读者；接见138, spectacle139, spectator [spek'teitə, 'spekt-] n. 观众；旁观者140, impractical [im'præktikəl]adj. 不切实际的，不现实的；不能实行的141, greedy [ɡri:di]adj. 贪婪的；贪吃的；渴望的142, verbally ['və:bəli]adv. 口头地，非书面地；用言辞地143, secretly ['si:kritli]adv. 秘密地；背地里144, critical ['kritikəl]adj. 鉴定的；临界的；批评的，爱挑剔的；危险的；决定性的；评论的145, crucial ['kru:ʃəl]adj. 重要的；决定性的；定局的；决断的146, hypothesis [hai'pɔθisis]n. 假设147, thesis ['θi:sis]n. 论文；论点148, hypocritical [,hipə'kritikl] adj. 虚伪的；伪善的149, crack [kræk]vt. 使破裂；打开；变声vi. 破裂；爆裂n. 裂缝；声变；噼啪声adj. 最好的；高明的150, detach [di'tætʃ]vt. 分离；派遣；使超然151, prompting ['prɔmptiŋ]n. 激励；提示；刺激v. 促进；激起；鼓舞（prompt的ing形式）152, barn [bɑ:n]n. 谷仓；畜棚；车库；靶（核反应截面单位）vt. 把…贮存入仓153, stirring ['stə:riŋ]adj. 激动人心的；活跃的，活泼的；忙碌的v. 激起（stir的ing形式）154, item ['aitəm]n. 条款，项目；一则155, fixed [fikst]adj. 固执的；<美口>处境...的；准备好的；确定的156, confess [kən'fes]vt. 承认；坦白；忏悔；供认vi. 承认；坦白；忏悔；供认157, angle ['æŋɡl]vi. 钓鱼；谋取n. 角度，角158, attack [ə'tæk]n. 攻击；抨击；疾病发作vt. 攻击；抨击；动手干vi. 攻击；腐蚀159, vulgar ['vʌlɡə]adj. 粗俗的；通俗的；本土的n. [古]平民，百姓160, vulgarity [vʌl'ɡærəti]n. 粗俗；粗俗语；粗野的动作161, pushing ['puʃiŋ]adj. 奋斗的；莽撞的；有精力的；富有进取心的n. 推挤；推人犯规（篮球术语）v. 推；促进；逼迫（push的ing形式）162, exceptional [ik'sepʃənəl]adj. 异常的，例外的n. 超常的学生163, lest [lest]conj. 唯恐，以免；担心164, customary ['kʌstə,məri]adj. 习惯的；通常的n. 习惯法汇编165, spiritually ['spiritʃuəli]adv. 在精神上地166, contemptible [kən'temptəbl] adj. 可鄙的；卑劣的；可轻视的167, momentarily ['məʊm(ə)nt(ə)rɪl ɪ; ,məʊm(ə)n'terɪlɪ]adv. 随时地；暂时地；立刻168, vigorously ['vigərəsli]adv. 精神旺盛地，活泼地169, hypothetically [,haipəu'θetikəli]adv. 假设地；假想地170, presumable [pri'zju:məbl, pri:-] adj. 可能有的；可推测的171, plight [plait]n. 困境；境况；誓约vt. 保证；约定172, predicament [prɪ'dɪkəm(ə)nt]n. 窘况，困境；状态。

历年考研英语真题词汇（英二）历年考研英语真题词汇文档由【大师兄英语】根据2003年—2015年考研英语二真题词汇整理而来，历年真题总体词汇量约1800词。

2015年考研英语二真题词汇为Word List One；2014年考研英语二为Word List Two；依次类推。

历年考研英语真题词汇分英一版和英二版，英二版难度稍小。

本文档是考研英语词汇6000文档的第一部分，该文档包含历年考研英语真题词汇、考研英语大纲词汇和考研英语超纲词汇。

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在编排上，大师兄英语在绝大部分历年考研英语真题词汇后面用括号标注了该词的同义词、近义词、相关词、短语搭配等，方便读者对单词进行联想记忆，这种背单词同义词、近义词的方法有助于快速提升读者的词汇量，但并不一定能帮助读者提升英语运用能力。

历年考研英语真题词汇不带例句，对于基础较差的读者，建议使用带例句的版本。

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另外，背单词要有科学的方法：首先，要遵循人类记忆的科学规律——艾宾浩斯记忆曲线，适时地复习已学过的东西可以事半功倍；其次，背单词要“眼、口、手”同步——眼睛看着单词，嘴里小声默念和拼写该单词，手拿着笔在纸上抄写或者比划，并且思维越集中，念得越快，抄写得越快，效果也就越好，大师兄对这种“沉浸式”的背单词方式很是推崇。

最后，要有一颗持之以恒的决心——只要有决心，你就是学霸！学好英语，乃至做好任何一件事都需要你付出巨大努力，而努力的人运气都不会太差。

大师兄英语还编写和上传了2015年考研英语一和二真题和解析，欢迎在百度文库搜索和下载。

花有重开日，人无再少年人生没有彩排，每天都是现场直播最痛苦的不是失败的泪水，而是不曾尽力的懊悔。

别让明天的你，讨厌今天的自己青春易逝惜时奋斗【大师兄英语】考研英语词汇6000（乱序）1Word List One2015年英二prospect/'prɒspekt/n.①可能性(that;of doing/sth)②前景，前途(for/of sth)unbearable/ʌn'beərəbl/adj.无法忍受的(intolerable)fiddle/ˈfɪdl/v.①不停摆弄fiddle with sth②修改；调试plug/plʌɡ/n.①插头②塞子a bath plug浴缸塞vt.①塞住②plug(sth)into sth连接上电源universal/ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːsl/adj.普遍的，全世界的universality/ˌjuːnɪvɜːˈsæləti/n.普遍性universally adv.普遍地armor/ˈɑːmə/n.①盔甲②（坦克等）装甲innocent/ˈɪnəsnt/adj.①清白的(of sth)②无辜受害③天真无邪的④无害的2n.无辜之人creepy/'kriːpi/adj.令人毛骨悚然的，吓人的disrupt/dɪsˈrʌpt/vt.扰乱，妨碍(interrupt/disturb/interfere with)disruptive adj.扰乱的，妨碍的inherent/ɪn'hɪərənt/adj.内在的，固有的(in sb/sth)(intrinsic/implicit in/innate)inherently adv.内在地，固有地acquaintance/ə'kweɪntəns/n.①熟人②相识，结实acquaint vt.使熟悉(sb with sth)acquainted/ə'kweɪntɪd/adj.熟悉的，相识(with sb/sth)turn against sb与…反目turn(sb/sth)around①（使）转身，转向②（使经济等）好转turn sb away(from sth)把…拒之门外turn(sb/sth)back（使）原路返回turn sb/sth down①拒绝（人、建议等）②把…调低turn sth in①上交，交还②产生，取得（利润、结果等）turn(sth)into（使）变成turn sth off/on关掉/打开（煤气、水电等）turn on sb突然攻击或斥责某人turn out①证明是，结果是(that/to do)②以…方式发展turn over①（使）翻转，翻身②移交，移送（他人管理）turn to sb/sth①向…求助，转向②改用③把书翻到…页turn up①被找到②出现，露面perceive/pəˈsiːv/vt.①意识到，觉察到(notice/recognize/note/discern)②认为，视为(deem/consider)rip/rɪp/v.①撕，撕裂②猛地扯掉③rip sb/sth apart撕裂，摧毁band-aid/'bændeid/n.①邦迪创可贴②权宜之计tuck/tʌk/vt.（把衣服边缘等）卷起，塞进.n.褶，褶边commute/kəˈmjuːt/vi.经常往返，通勤n.（上下班）往返路程commuter n.上下班的人unthinkable/ʌn'θɪŋkəbl/adj.①难以想象的，难以置信的(inconceivable)②the unthinkable难以置信的事fellow/'feləʊ/n.①同事；同类②（专业协会的）会员adj.同类的fellow citizens同胞fellowship/'feləʊʃɪp/n.①友谊，交情②团体，协会③会员资格summary/'sʌməri/n.总结，概括in summary/short/conclusion简而言之adj.概括的summarize v.总结snub/snʌb/vt.怠慢，冷落n.怠慢，冷落(to sb)thrive/θraɪv/vi.①兴旺繁荣，蓬勃发展(boom/flourish/prosper)②thrive on/off sth以…兴旺；喜欢，以…为乐code/kəʊd/n.①密码，代码②道德或行为准则③法规，法典vt.为…编码misinterpret/ˌmɪsɪn'tɜːprɪt/vt.误解，错误解读misinterpretation n.误解，错误解读misapply/ˌmɪsə'plaɪ/vt.误用，滥用(abuse)bend/bend/v.①弯腰；低下（头）②（使）拐弯，弯曲③弄弯n.拐弯，弯道fire/faɪə/n.①火；火灾②开火，火力③be/come under fire遭猛批v.①射击，开火(at/on sb/sth)②fire up激起③解雇(sack/dismiss/lay off/remove)unconditional/ˌʌnkənˈdɪʃənl/adj.无条件的unconditional surrenderconditional/kənˈdɪʃənl/adj.以…为条件的(on sth)conditional approval附条件批准1考研英语词汇6000（乱序）按照2015—2005年英语二真题词汇顺序编排，2015年真题为Word List One2单词义项标黄的，表示该词义为真题中的意思，或者该词义较为偏僻；单词标黄的，表示超纲或偏僻词，不必记住decay/dɪˈkeɪ/n.①腐烂②衰败moral decay vi.腐烂；衰败do away with sth/sth消灭，废除，去掉；谋杀go through with sth完成，进行到底put(it)simply/another way简单地说/换个说法put sth aside①置之不理②攒钱put sth away①收拾起来②攒钱，积蓄put sth back①放回去②推迟，延缓put sth down①放下；搁下②写下③镇压put sth/sb forward①提出；举荐（某人）②将…提前put sth off推迟put sth out①熄灭，扑灭②摆好，准备好put sth on①穿戴；涂抹②上演③增加体重④假装put sth through完成，使成功put sb through sth使经受（磨练、痛苦等）put up sth①建造，树立(erect/build)②张贴③提供（钱）④提高，增加put sb up for/as sth推荐，提名refuge/'refjuːdʒ/n.①避难，庇护take refuge寻求避难②避难所，收容所refugee n.难民contradict/ˌkɒntrəˈdɪkt/vt.①反驳，驳斥②与…相矛盾contradictory adj.（陈述、观点等）相互矛盾的contradiction/ˌkɒntrəˈdɪkʃn/n.①反驳②相矛盾kick/kɪk/v.①踢，踢腿②戒掉，去除③kick off开赛；开始n.①踢②极大快感或乐趣kick back放松(relax)kickback n.回扣cortisol/'kɔːtɪsɒl/n.皮质醇（肾上腺在应激反应里产生的一种类激素）blur/blɜː/v.（使）变模糊n.模糊不清状blurred adj.模糊的；难以区分的lag/læɡ/g behind sb/sth滞后，落后bargain/'bɑːgən/vi.谈判，讨价还价(about/over sth)n.①降价品，便宜货②交易，协议(deal/agreement) draw on sth利用，运用draw out sth①引出，取出，拔出②草拟，拟定sustain/səˈsteɪn/vt.①维持，保持②遭受，经受③支撑；维持生存clarity/'klærəti/n.①清晰，明确②（思维、物体等）清晰division/dɪˈvɪʒn/n.①分开，分配②分裂③分歧，不和(divide/split/rift/chasm)④（机构）部门；（军队）师clinical/'klɪnɪkl/adj.①临床的②无人情味的clinic n.诊所methodical/mə'θɒdɪkl/adj.有条不紊的lay out sth①布置；设计②摆放，陈列lay off sb解雇inadequate/ɪnˈædɪkwət/adj.①不足，不够的(for/to do)(insufficient/scarce/scant/deficient)②不胜任的infinite/'ɪnfɪnət/adj.①极大的，极多的②无穷的，无限的infinitely adv.极其，无限地finite adj.有限的infinity/ɪn'fɪnəti/n.①（空间或距离）无穷，无限②无限远点motivate/'məʊtɪveɪt/vt.①使有动机②激发，激励(sb to do)motivated adj.有积极性的ideal/aɪˈdiəl/n.①理想②完美典范adj.①理想的(for sth)②理想化的idealism/aɪ'diəlɪzəm/n.理想主义idealistic adj.理想主义的idealist n.理想主义者cosy/ˈkəʊzi/adj.（英cozy，美cosy）①温暖舒适的a cosy room②亲密的clear-cut/'kliə'kʌt/adj.明显的，易辨认的drop/drɒp/v.①下降②（使）落下，掉下；扔下③低下，倒下④放弃⑤drop out(of sth)脱离，退出；退学n.①下降②滴，水滴dropout n.退学者，辍学者paradox/ˈpærədɒks/n.①矛盾的人或事物②悖论paradoxical adj.矛盾的gap/ɡæp/n.①缺口；缺漏(in sth)②差距，隔阂(chasm/rift/divide)the generation gap代沟forthcoming/ˌfɔːθˈkʌmɪŋ/adj.①即将发生的②现成的，备好的outline/ˈaʊtlaɪn/vt.①概述②勾勒，描画…轮廓n.①概述②轮廓，略图recipient/rɪˈsɪpiənt/n.接受者grant/ɡrɑːnt/vt.①准予，批准②take sth/it for granted认为…理所当然n.（政府、机构）拨款，补助款thesis/ˈθiːsɪs/n.（复数theses）①论文，学位论文(on sth)②论题，论点narrow/'nærəʊ/adj.①狭窄的②狭隘的③勉强的④有限的v.使变窄，缩小narrowly/ˈnærəʊli/adv.①勉强地，以毫厘之差②仔细地③狭窄地navigate/ˈnævɪɡeɪt/v.①（为…）导航②航行③应付难题navigation/ˌnævɪˈɡeɪʃn/n.①导航②航行acknowledge/ək'nɒlɪdʒ/vt.①承认（事实或情况）(admit)②认可（成就等）(recognize)③致意；致谢indifferent/ɪnˈdɪfrənt/adj.①漠不关心的(to sb/sth)②一般的，平庸的indifference/ɪnˈdɪfrəns/n.漠不关心(disregard/carelessness/apathy/unconcern)lingua franca/ˈlɪŋɡwəˈfræŋkə/n.（讲不同母语的人之间的）通用语spin/spɪn/v.①快速旋转②纺线③spin(sth)off脱胎于；剥离另建n.快速旋转spin-off n.衍生品parachute/ˈpærəʃuːt/n.降落伞v.①跳伞②伞降，空投explicit/ɪkˈsplɪsɪt/adj.①表达明确的②明确的，坦率的③公开显露的infuse/ɪn'fjuːz/vt.使充满，注入（某特性）infusion n.注入a capital infusionallegiance/ə'liːdʒəns/n.拥护，忠诚pledge/swear allegiance to sb宣誓效忠某人terminology/ˌtɜːmɪ'nɔlədʒi/n.（某学科）术语vision/'vɪʒn/n.①视力；视野②想象，憧憬③远见卓识visionary/ˈvɪʒənəri/adj.有远见卓识的n.有远见之人amid/əˈmɪd/prep.在…中，在…过程中(in the middle of/in the midst of/among)buzzword/bʌzwɜːd/n.时髦词，流行行话in one’s own right凭借自身能力lean/liːn/v.①倾斜②（使）靠着adj.①清瘦的②不景气③精简高效的lean on sb/sth依赖lean to/toward sth倾向于unplug/ʌn'plʌg/vt.拔掉…电源bandwidth/'bændˌwɪdθ/n.宽带boundary/'baʊndri/n.边界，分界线，界限nonsense/ˈnɒnsns/n.①瞎扯，胡言乱语②愚蠢行为③无意义的话或文字irony/ˈaɪrəni/n.①讽刺a hint of irony一丝挖苦②具有讽刺的事ironic adj.讽刺的absorb/əb'sɔːb/vt.①吸收(take in/soak up)②使并入，吸纳(incorporate)③消化，理解(assimilate)④吸引absorbed/əb'sɔːbd/adj.全神贯注的，被吸引(in sb/sth)absorption/əbˈsɔːpʃn/n.吸收；并入(of/into sth)figure/'fɪgə/n.①数字②人物③身材；人影④图表v.①是重要部分②认为③figure out sth计算；弄清楚revival/rɪˈvaɪvl/n.复兴，复苏economic revivalrevive/rɪˈvaɪv/v.（使）苏醒，复苏(come around/resuscitate/revitalize)revitalize/ˌriːˈvaɪtəlaɪz/vt.使恢复生机，使复苏(revive/resuscitate/rejuvenate)foster/ˈfɒstə/vt.①促进；培养(cultivate/nurture/promote/develop/nourish)②代养adj.代养的appeal/ə'piːl/n.①吸引力②申诉③呼吁(to sb/for sth)vi.①有吸引力(to sb)②申诉，上诉(to sb/sth)③呼吁workaholic/wɜːkə'hɒlɪk/n.工作狂trigger/ˈtrɪɡə/n.①扳机；触发器②诱因，起因(for/to sth)vt.①触发，引起(spark/prompt)②扣动，开动linguist/ˈlɪŋɡwɪst/n.①语言学家②会多门外语的人linguistic adj.语言的，语言学的mock/mɒk/vt.嘲笑；（通过模仿）嘲弄(sneer/deride/scoff/jeer/ridicule)adj.①假装的②模拟的along/əˈlɒŋ/prep.沿着adv.①向前地②一起，一道③along with sb/sth同…一起，除了…还有decency/ˈdiːsənsi/n.正派；得体a sense of decency得体，懂礼貌decent/'diːsnt/adj.①正派的②体面的，不错的a decent job③合宜的overlook/ˌəʊvəˈlʊk/vt.①俯视，鸟瞰②忽视，未注意(ignore/neglect/disregard)③视而不见，不予理会jump/dʒʌmp/v.①跳，跳下(bound/leap/spring)②猛增n.①跳②猛增(soar/surge/hike/rocket/balloon/spiral) worth/wɜːθ/adj.①值…钱②值得(doing/sth)n.①价值…的东西(of sth)②价值，意义worthwhile/ˌwɜːθˈwaɪl/adj.值得（花钱、时间等）的(doing/to do)worthless adj.无价值的worthy/ˈwɜːði/adj.①值得的，应得的(of sth)②值得尊敬的distinction/dɪˈstɪŋkʃn/n.①区别，差别make a distinction②杰出，卓越③特质make ends meet勉强维持生计classified/ˈklæsɪfaɪd/adj.（信息）机密的(confidential)classify/'klæsɪfaɪ/vt.把…分类，划分成classification n.分类；类别relate/rɪˈleɪt/v.①联系，把…联系起来(sth to sth)②讲述，叙述related adj.相关的(to sb/sth)relate to sb/sth①涉及，与…相关②了解，理解并同情accelerate/ək'seləreɪt/v.（使）加快，加速(quicken/speed up/step up)acceleration n.加速precondition/ˌpriːkən'dɪʃn/n.先决条件，前提(for/of sth)acquire/ə'kwaɪə/vt.①获得，得到②收购，购得acquisition/ˌækwɪˈzɪʃn/n.①（知识等）获得②收购；购置物grief/ɡriːf/n.（人去世而）悲痛(for sb;at/over sth)(sorrow/sadness/heartbreak/mourning)grievance/ˈɡriːvəns/n.委屈，不满，抱怨grieve/ɡriːv/vi.（人去世而）悲痛(for/over sb/sth)mourn/mɔːn/v.悼念，痛惜(for sb/sth)(grieve)mournful adj.悲伤的opportune/'ɒpətjuːn/adj.适当的，适时的，合时宜的inopportune adj.不合时宜的signal/ˈsɪɡnəl/n.①信号，迹象②信号（灯）v.①发信号，示意(to sb/to do)②预示，表明③表达出exaggerate/ɪɡˈzædʒəreɪt/v.夸大，夸张(overstate/overplay/inflate/magnify/play up)exaggeration n.夸张，夸大luxuriant/lʌg'ʒʊərɪənt/adj.①（植物或头发）浓密的，茂盛的②丰富的，华丽的weigh/weɪ/vt.①重量为②称重③权衡，考虑④weigh sth/sb down压弯；使烦恼⑤weigh in(with sth)加入mindset/'maɪndset/n.思维模式，观念a conservative mindsetcatch up with sth/sb追赶，赶上be caught up①被抓住③卷入pause/pɔːz/vi.暂停，停顿n.停顿(in sth)appreciate/əˈpriːʃieit/vt.①欣赏②感激③升值④理解，意识到(recognize/realize/perceive)appreciation/əˌpriːʃiˈeɪʃn/n.①欣赏②感激③升值④理解appreciative adj.感激的(of sth)objective/əb'dʒektɪv/n.目标(goal/aim/purpose)adj.客观的an objective assessmentobjectivity/ˌɒbdʒek'tɪvətɪ/n.客观性，客观devalue/ˌdiːˈvæljuː/vt.①使贬值②贬低(belittle)devaluation n.贬值twist/twɪst/v.①（使）扭曲②转动，扭③歪曲④扭伤⑤蜿蜒；盘绕n.①转动，拧②曲折，转折twists and turns一波三折know sth like the back of your hand对某物或某地非常熟悉underestimate/ˌʌndər'estɪmeɪt/vt.低估；轻视(undervalue/underrate/downplay)n.低估allocate/'æləkeɪt/vt.分配，拨给(to/for sb/sth)allocation n.分配；分配物deport/dɪˈpɔːt/vt.驱逐出境(expel/evict)deportation n.驱逐出境framework/ˈfreɪmwɜːk/n.①构架a steel framework②体系，框架(of/for sth)mighty/ˈmaɪti/adj.强大的might n.强大力量mightily adv.非常，很大程度上paralysis/pəˈræləsɪs/n.瘫痪；不能运转paralyze/ˈpærəlaɪz/vt.使瘫痪，使不能运转fix/fɪks/vt.①确定；安排②使固定③修理；处理④操纵⑤fix sth on sth/sb（目光等）集中在aide/eɪd/n.（政要等的）助手jurisdiction/ˌdʒʊərɪs'dɪkʃn/n.①管辖权；司法权②管辖范围accommodate/ə'kɔmədeɪt/vt.①容纳②为…提供住宿③使…适应(sb/sth to sth)accommodation n.住处；住宿multiple/ˈmʌltɪpl/adj.多种的，多个的n.倍数permanent/ˈpɜːmənənt/adj.永久的(everlasting/eternal/timeless)loose/luːs/adj.①松动的②宽松的③松散的，不严密④let sb/sth loose让…自由；放开，释放loosen/'luːsn/v.①（使）变松②放松，松开prone/prəʊn/adj.易遭受，易于(to sth/to do)(liable/subject/apt/inclined)snap/snæp/v.①（使）喀嚓断裂②啪地关上或打开③厉声说④snap sth up抢购n.喀嚓声adj.仓促的hard-wired adj.本能的，天生的(knee-jerk)sociable/ˈsəʊʃəbl/adj.好交际的，合群的neurotic/njʊə'rɒtɪk/n.①神经病的②神经质的neuroticism n.神经质stimulus/'stɪmjələs/n.（复数stimuli）刺激，刺激物(to/for sth)interpersonal/ˌɪntəˈpɜːsənl/adj.人际的，人际关系的realm/relm/n.①王国②领域(filed/sphere/domain)prime/praɪm/adj.①最佳的，上乘的②首要的，主要的n.盛年，鼎盛时期in one’s prime vt.使…做好准备estate/ɪ'steɪt/n.①庄园②遗产③real estate房地产，不动产screen/skriːn/n.①屏幕②the screen影视，荧屏③屏风；屏障vt.①遮挡，庇护②筛查；审查slice/slaɪs/n.①（食物）薄片②份额，部分vt.把…切成薄皮sliced meatmute/mjuːt/adj.缄默的vt.①消音，减弱音量②减弱，缓和（力度等）differentiate/ˌdɪfə'renʃieɪt/v.①区分，辨别②使有区别intermittent/ˌɪntəˈmɪtənt/adj.断断续续的(periodic/occasional/sporadic)intermittent rainrise above sth战胜，克服(conquer/overcome/surmount)tempt/tempt/vt.引诱，诱惑(sb to do/into doing/sth)(lure/allure/attract/entice)temptation/temp'teɪʃn/n.引诱，诱惑sensible/'sensəbl/adj.理智的，明智的senseless adj.无意义的overwhelm/ˌəʊvə'welm/vt.①击败，征服②（情感等）使不能自已(with/by sth)③使应接不暇overwhelming/ˌəʊvəˈwelmɪŋ/adj.①（数量等）压倒性的②无法抗拒的，巨大的govern/ˈɡʌvn/v.①统治，治理②支配governance n.治理compel/kəm'pel/vt.迫使，强迫compelling/kəm'pelɪŋ/adj.①令人信服的(convincing/conclusive)②引人入胜的sign/saɪn/n.①迹象②指示牌；符号③示意，手势v.①签署；签名②签约③打手势④sign up(for sth)报名参加⑤sign on（英）办理失业登记⑥sign in/out签到/退take up sth①占用（时间等）②开始学做或从事③继续④接受（建议或挑战）quota/ˈkwəʊtə/n.限额，配额；定额ceiling/ˈsiːlɪŋ/n.①天花板②最高限度，上限③glass ceiling玻璃天花板，无形障碍bind/baɪnd/vt.①绑住②（使）结合③约束binding/ˈbaɪndɪŋ/adj.有约束力的(on/upon sb)provision/prəˈvɪʒn/n.①提供②准备make provisions for sb/sth③条款reluctant/rɪ'lʌktənt/adj.不情愿reluctance n.不情愿counter/ˈkaʊntə/n.①柜台②计算器③抵消(to sth/sb)④counter-（前缀）反，对立counter-attack反击v.①反驳②抵消，抵制，反adv.对立地，相反地meritocracy/ˌmerɪ'tɒkrəsi/n.精英领导体制meritocratic adj.精英管理的evade/ɪˈveɪd/vt.①回避，避开（人、问题等）②逃避（义务等）evasion n.逃避peasant/'peznt/n.（贫穷国家的）农民，小农chronicle/ˈkrɒnɪkl/n.编年史vt.按时间顺序记载validation/vælɪ'deɪʃən/n.确认，生效field/fiːld/n.①田地，地②场，运动场③领域，界④实地a field study vt.①使参赛②处理economical/ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪkl/adj.①经济的，实惠的an economical car②节俭的foodie/'fuːdɪ/n.美食家(gourmet)impulse/ˈɪmpʌls/n.①冲动②脉冲；推动力impulsive adj.易冲动的ingredient/ɪnˈɡriːdiənt/n.①（烹饪）原料；成分②要素the vital ingredients for successadvance/əd'væns/v.①前进；发展②促进，推动③使提前④提出n.①前进；发展②in advance(of sth)事先，在…之前(ahead/beforehand)adj.事先的template/'templeɪt/n.样本，模板anonymity/ˌænə'nɪməti/n.匿名，无名anonymous/ə'nɒnɪməs/adj.①匿名的，不知姓名的②无特色的shin/ʃɪn/n.胫骨rasher/'ræʃə/n.咸猪肉薄片two rashers of bacon两片咸猪肉片surplus/ˈsɜːpləs/n.①盈余，顺差②过剩，剩余adj.多余的，过剩的go off①（炸弹）爆炸②（报警器等）突然响起③（机器）停止工作④变质，变味frugal/ˈfruːɡl/adj.①节俭的，简朴的②（饭菜）俭省的butcher/ˈbʊtʃə/n.屠夫；肉铺vt.①宰杀（动物）②屠杀knuckle/ˈnʌkl/n.①指关节②（猪等的）肘，蹄stew/stjuː/n.炖菜vi.炖，煨carcass/ˈkɑːkəs/n.动物尸体vivid/'vivid/adj.（描述等）生动的，清晰的recall/rɪ'kɔːl/v.①记起，回忆起(doing/that)②召回n.召回；记忆pop/pɒp/n.流行音乐v.①（使）发砰砰声；爆裂②突然冒出gloom/ɡluːm/n.①忧郁；无望②昏暗gloominess n.悲观，无望gloomy/ˈɡluːmi/adj.①昏暗的(dim/dismal/dull/dark)②忧郁沮丧的(depressing/grim)③前景暗淡的endure/ɪnˈdjʊə/v.①承受，忍受②持续enduring adj.持久的an enduring relationshipdazzle/ˈdæzl/vt.①（光线）使目眩②使倾倒n.耀眼眩目dazzling adj.令人倾倒的；刺眼的dedicate/'dedɪkeɪt/vt.①奉献，致力于(sb/sth to doing/sth)②（书等作品）献给dedicated/'dedɪkeɪtɪd/adj.①献身的，专注于(committed/devoted)②专用的dedication n.奉献，献身；献辞fad/fæd/n.一时的狂热，时尚(craze)a passing fad一时的风尚descendant/dɪ'sendənt/n.①后代，后裔②衍生物flourish/'flʌrɪʃ/vi.①繁荣，兴旺(boom/prosper/thrive)②（植物等）旺盛swell/swel/v.①增大，扩大(expand/surge)②肿胀，鼓起来n.①增大②隆起；肿大swollen adj.肿起来的eradicate/ɪˈrædɪkeɪt/vt.根除，消灭(wipe out/eliminate/root out/exterminate/stamp out)eradication n.根除artificial/ˌɑːtɪˈfɪʃl/adj.①人造的，人工的(synthetic/man-made)②人为的arise/ə'raɪz/vi.①出现②由…产生(arise from/result from/flow from)strike/straɪk/v.①罢工②击打；碰撞③（疾病或灾难）侵袭，爆发④攻击⑤突然想到⑥给…留下印象⑦crude/kruːd/adj.①粗略的②粗制的，简陋的③粗鲁的（尤涉及性）④原油crude oil n.原油vanish/ˈvænɪʃ/vi.①突然消失②消亡考研英语词汇6000（乱序）Word List Four2012年英二mindless/ˈmaɪndləs/adj.①无谓的；没头脑的②无需动脑的tear/teə/vt.①撕碎，撕破②猛地撕掉，掀掉③拉伤④tear sb/sth apart撕碎；使四分五裂tear sb away强行使某人离开stick it out坚持到底reign/reɪn/n.统治时期vi.①统治，当政(over sb/sth)②主宰brutal/ˈbruːtl/adj.①残暴的(cruel/ruthless/vicious)②冷酷的，直白的abbreviate/ə'briːvieɪt/vt.缩写abbreviation n.缩写correspondence/ˌkɒrə'spɒndəns/n.①信件；通信②一致，相似correspondent n.记者parallel/'pærəlel/adj.①平行的(to/with sth)②同时发生的；相似的n.①（不同时期或地点）相似的人或物be without/have no parallel无可比拟②相似之处vt.①与…同时发生②与…媲美，比得上illusion/ɪˈluːʒn/n.①幻想(of/about sth)②假象，错觉exhaust/ɪɡˈzɔːst/vt.①耗尽，用完(drain/deplete/strain)②使筋疲力尽n.（汽车等排出的）废气，尾气exhaustion/ɪɡˈzɔːstʃən/n.①筋疲力尽②枯竭，耗尽exhausting adj.令人筋疲力尽的rebel/'rebl;ri'bel/n.①反叛者，叛军②叛逆者vi.反抗(against sb/sth)rebellion/rɪ'beljən/n.①叛乱；反抗②叛逆disguise/dɪsˈɡaɪz/n.伪装；伪装物vt.伪装，掩饰(mask/cloak/conceal/shroud/hide)disturb/dɪ'stɜːb/vt.①打扰，干扰(interrupt/disrupt/intrude on)②弄乱③使不安(upset/agitate/unsettle/dismay) patrol/pə'trəʊl/vt.巡逻，巡查n.①巡逻②巡逻队patrolman n.巡警counteract/ˌkaʊntərˈækt/vt.抵消，抵抗outset/'aʊtset/n.at/from the outset(of sth)从…开始terrible/'terəbl/adj.①极糟糕的，可怕的②严重的③劣质的terribly adv.可怕地；极其ritual/'rɪtʃuəl/n.①宗教仪式，程序②习俗adj.①仪式的②习惯的impoverished/ɪmˈpɒvərɪʃt/adj.贫穷的impoverish vt.使贫穷chaos/ˈkeɪɒs/n.混乱，杂乱(disorder/disturbance/turmoil/turbulence/tumult/unrest)chaotic adj.混乱的assign/əˈsaɪn/vt.①分配，布置（任务等）②指派，分派(to do/as sth)(appoint)assignment n.任务；分派skip/skɪp/v.①跳过；不做②突然转移③蹦跳across the board全面地，包括一切地thorn/θɔːn/adj.刺，棘刺thorny adj.①有刺的②棘手的(delicate/sticky/prickly/tricky)account for sth①占比(make up/constitute/comprise)②解释，是…原因look into sth调查(probe into/inquire into/investigate)undermine/ˌʌndəˈmaɪn/vt.逐渐削弱，破坏(weaken/impair)ultimate/'ʌltɪmət/adj.①最终的②根本的③最好，最大，终极magic/ˈmædʒɪk/n.①魔术，魔法②魔力adj.有魔力的tiny/ˈtaɪni/adj.微小的，极小的intrinsic/ɪnˈtrɪnsɪk/adj.固有的，内在的(to sth)(inherent/implicit/innate)intrinsically adv.内在地，固有地despair/dɪ'speə/n.绝望vi.对…感到绝望，失望(of sb/sth)singular/'sɪŋgjələ/n.单数，单数形式adj.①单数的②非凡的，显著的unavoidable/ˌʌnəˈvɔɪdəbl/adj.不可避免的(inevitable/inescapable/inexorable)decode/ˌdiː'kəʊd/vt.解码；破译encode vt.编码；将…写成密码nursery/'nɜːsəri/n.①托儿所②育儿室masculine/'mæskjəlɪn/adj.①男性的，男子气概的②（词）阳性的masculinity n.男性，男性气质pastel/'pæstl/n.①彩色蜡笔②淡雅色彩adj.色彩淡的constant/ˈkɒnstənt/adj.①持续的，连续的②固定的，不变的n.常量constancy n.忠诚，忠贞；持久不变feminine/'femənɪn/adj.①（气质、外貌）女性的，女性特有的②（词）阴性的femininity n.女性；女性气质amplify/'æmplɪfaɪ/v.①放大(magnify/enlarge)②进一步详述(expand/elaborate/flesh out)amplification n.放大dictate/dɪk'teɪt/v.①口述，口授②发号施令③支配，决定dictation n.口授；听写perception/pə'sepʃn/n.①洞察力(insight)②看法，见解(of sth)③知觉perceptive/pəˈseptɪv/adj.有洞察力的(insightful)perception n.洞察力toddler/ˈtɒdlə/n.（一至三岁的）学步的小孩，幼儿counsel/ˈkaʊnsl/n.①建议，忠告②律师vt.①为…提供咨询②建议(that;sb to do)split/splɪt/v.①（使）分开；分裂②分摊③撕裂，割破n.①分歧②分配③裂缝sure-fire adj.一定能成功的segment/'segmənt/n.部分，片，段vt.划分magnify/ˈmæɡnɪfaɪ/vt.①放大，增大(enlarge)②夸大(exaggerate/inflate/overstate/play up)magnification n.放大neutral/'njuːtrəl/adj.①中立的，中立国的②（词或化学品）中性的n.①中立国，中立者②空挡shake/ʃeɪk/v.①摇动，摇头②握手③颤抖(quiver/shudder/shiver/quake)④动摇，震惊n.摇动，晃动agitate/'ædʒɪteɪt/v.①鼓动(for/against sth)②使焦虑不安agitated adj.焦虑不安的preliminary/prɪˈlɪmɪnəri/adj.预备性的，初步的(to sth)n.（程序性等）预备性事务；预选赛forecast/ˈfɔːkɑːst/n.预报，预测weather forecast vt.预测(predict/foretell/foresee)overturn/ˌəʊvəˈtɜːn/v.①（使）翻倒，打翻②撤销（判决等）prior/'praɪə/adj.①先前的，较早的(previous/preceding)②优先的③prior to sth在…之前blessing/'blesɪŋ/n.①幸事，好事②祝福③许可alike/ə'laɪk/adj.相似的adv.①相似地②两者都suppress/sə'pres/vt.①镇压，压制②抑制，阻止(stifle/inhibit/impede/restrict)suppression n.镇压；抑制monopoly/mə'nɒpəli/n.①垄断(in/on/of sth)②被垄断商品③垄断企业molecule/ˈmɒlɪkjuːl/n.分子atom and molecule原子和分子genome/'dʒiːnəʊm/n.基因组chromosome n.染色体domain/dəˈmeɪn/n.①域名②领域，范围(realm/field/sphere)correlation/ˌkɒrə'leɪʃn/n.相关，关联(with sth)efficacy/'efɪkəsi/n.（药物）功效，效果convention/kən'venʃn/n.①习俗，惯例②（政党、组织等的）大会③公约the Geneva Conventions landscape/ˈlændskeɪp/n.①风景，风光②乡村风景画③局面scorn/skɔːn/n.鄙视，轻蔑(for sb/sth)vt.①轻蔑，鄙视②不屑于(sth/to do)scornful adj.轻蔑的(of sb/sth) lining/ˈlaɪnɪŋ/n.内衬，衬里prudent/ˈpruːdnt/adj.谨慎的，精明的(cautious/wary/discreet)a prudent policy/measureawake/ə'weɪk/adj.醒着的v.（使）醒来(awaken)reckless/'rekləs/adj.鲁莽的，不计后果的(rash/hasty)for the most part多半，通常the best/better part of sth绝大部分far-off adj.（时间或空间）遥远的；久远的a far-off/distant galaxylengthy/'leŋθi/adj.冗长的，漫长的length/leŋθ/n.①长度②持续时间③（书等）篇幅④at(great)length长时间，详尽stagnant/ˈstæɡnənt/adj.停滞的stagnate/stæg'neɪt/vi.停滞不前stagnation n.停滞不前mean-spirited adj.气量小的，心胸狭隘的(narrow-minded)inclusive/ɪnˈkluːsɪv/adj.①包容广阔的，兼收并蓄的②包括的，包括一切的sentiment/'sentɪmənt/n.①情绪，观点anti-American sentiment反美情绪②伤感sentimental/ˌsentɪ'mentl/adj.①情感的（而非理性的）②伤感的reinforce/ˌriːɪnˈfɔːs/vt.①加强，增强（感觉、观点等）(strengthen/heighten/beef up/consolidate)③（军队）增援dim/dɪm/adj.①昏暗的②模糊的③（前景等）黯淡的(gloomy)v.（使）变暗dimly adv.昏暗地；模糊地resentment/rɪ'zentmənt/n.怨恨(bitterness/indignation/grudge)resentful adj.怨恨的discern/dɪˈsɜːn/vt.觉察；辨别出(distinguish/recognize/make out)fabric/ˈfæbrɪk/n.①织物cotton fabric②（机构或社会）结构reshape/ri:'ʃeɪp/vt.重塑，改变subsidy/'sʌbsədi/n.补贴subsidize vt.补贴ease/iːz/n.①轻易，容易②安逸，自在v.（使）缓解，减轻(relieve/alleviate/mitigate/soften/soothe/reduce) decrease/dɪˈkriːs;ˈdiːkriːs/v.减少，降低(decline/diminish/dwindle//shrink/fall/drop)n.减少，降低trivial/ˈtrɪviəl/adj.琐碎的，不重要的(negligible/trivial/inconsiderable/petty/inconsequential/insignificant) bottom/'bɒtəm/n.①底部，底②末尾；尽头adj.底部的，最后的fall out with sb/over sth闹翻，争吵craze/kreɪz/n.（一时的）狂热，风靡之物(fad)the craze for fitness健身热crazed adj.疯狂的forefather/'fɔːfɑːðə/n.祖先，祖宗(ancestor)empathy/'empəθi/n.同感，共鸣empathize vi.有同感exemplary/ɪg'zempləri/adj.典范，可做榜样的rambling/ˈræmblɪŋ/adj.①（建筑物）凌乱蔓延的②（讲话、写作）冗长的，不切题的virtue/'vɜːtʃuː/n.①高尚的德行②美德③优点，好处the virtues of the strategy④by virtue of sth由于，凭借conquer/ˈkɒŋkə/vt.①攻占，征服②克服(overcome/rise above/surmount)conquest n.征服；克服turn sth on its head完全改变，颠覆champion/'tʃæmpiən/n.①冠军②拥护者，捍卫者vt.捍卫，拥护(endorse/advocate)cunning/ˈkʌnɪŋ/adj.狡猾的(shrewd/artful/crafty/canny)n.狡猾ruthless/ˈruːθləs/adj.残忍的，残酷的(cruel/brutal/vicious)bold/bəʊld/adj.①大胆的，无畏的②醒目的attribute/ə'trɪbjuːt;'ætrɪbjuːt/vt.把…归因于(sth to sth)n.属性，特征shift/ʃɪft/v.①转移，挪动②转移，改变③推卸n.①转移，改变(in sth)②轮班commemorate/kə'meməreɪt/vt.纪念commemoration n.纪念in commemoration of sb/sthcatalogue/ˈkætəlɒg/n.①目录②一连串（坏事）furnish/ˈfɜːnɪʃ/vt.①为…配备家具②提供(sb/sth with sth)resolute/'rezəluːt/adj.坚决的，坚定的(determined/firm/steadfast/unwavering/bent on)steadfast/'stedfɑːst/adj.坚定的，不动摇的(in sth)integrity/ɪn'teɡrəti/n.①正直，诚实②完整territorial integritynoble/ˈnəʊbl/adj.①贵族的②高尚的③雄伟壮观的(magnificent/spectacular)biography/baɪˈɒɡrəfi/n.个人传记biographical adj.传记的bourgeois/'bʊəʒwɑː/adj.①中产阶级的②逐利平庸的epochal/'epəkl/adj.划时代的，有重大意义的epoch n.时代，纪元possess/pə'zes/vt.①有，拥有②具有（品质等）possession/pə'zeʃn/n.①拥有，持有②个人财产，所有物(belongings)mortal/ˈmɔːtl/adj.①终有一死的②致命的(fatal/deadly)n.凡人bombast/'bɒmbæst/n.夸大的言辞，大话hitherto/ˌhɪðə'tuː/adv.迄今epoch/ˈiːpɒk/n.时代，时期epoch-making events划时代的事件transmission/trænzˈmɪʃn/n.①传播，传染②播送，传输transmissible adj.可传染的；能传播的transmit/trænzˈmɪt/v.①传送，播送（节目等）②传播，传染nurture/ˈnɜːtʃə/vt.①养育(bring up/raise/rear)②培养，发展(foster/develop/cultivate/nourish)unpick/ʌn'pɪk/vt.拆掉（锋线）multiplicity/ˌmʌltɪ'plɪsəti/n.大量，各种各样；多样性reliance/rɪˈlaɪəns/n.依赖，依靠(on sth/sb)reliant adj.依赖的，依靠的(on sth/sb)whirlwind/ˈwɜːlwɪnd/n.①旋风②一片忙乱，一串纷乱事情savage/ˈsævɪdʒ/adj.凶恶的，残暴的vt.（动物）凶猛攻击neglect/nɪ'glekt/v.①疏于照管②忽视③疏忽(overlook/ignore/disregard/discount)n.忽略，忽视(of sb/sth) subscribe/səbˈskraɪb/vi.①订阅（杂志等）②subscribe to sth同意，赞成（观点等）subscriber n.订户，用户restrain/rɪˈstreɪn/vt.①抑制，阻止，制止(from doing)(impede/inhibit)②控制，克制（情绪等）(repress/subdue) restraint/rɪ'streɪnt/n.①克制，抑制(suppression/inhibition)②约束，限制(on sb/sth)(limitation/constraint)exert/ɪɡˈzɜːt/vt.①运用；施加②exert oneself竭尽全力exertion n.施加，行使；竭力derive/dɪˈraɪv/v.①从…获得②derive from源于abundance/ə'bʌndəns/n.充足，大量abundant adj.充足的，大量的sophisticated/səˈfɪstɪkeɪtɪd/adj.①先进的，尖端的②老练的，世故的commission/kə'mɪʃn/n.①（官方）委员会②佣金；手续费③委托任务vt.委托forthright/ˈfɔːθraɪt/adj.直率的，坦诚的(candid/frank/outspoken/straightforward/blunt)desirable/dɪˈzaɪərəbl/adj.可取的，值得做或有的a desirable option不错的选择undesirable adj.不想要的practical/ˈpræktɪkl/adj.①实际的②（想法等）切实可行的③务实的practicality n.现实；实用性sacrifice/'sækrɪfaɪs/n.①牺牲，舍弃②祭品vt.牺牲cheerleader/'tʃɪəliːdə/n.①啦啦队长②（强有力）支持者，倡导者(advocate/proponent)chronic/ˈkrɒnɪk/adj.（疾病、难题等）长期的，慢性的acute/ə'kjuːt/adj.①严重的(severe/critical/intense)②敏锐的(keen/sharp)an acute sense of smellconverge/kənˈvɜːdʒ/vi.①（人、车）汇集，聚集②（路、河）交汇discipline/'dɪsəplɪn/n.①训练②纪律③自律④（大学）学科vt.①处罚②训练，训教disciplinary/'dɪsəplɪnəri/adj.①有关纪律的disciplinary inspection纪检②学科的denial/dɪˈnaɪəl/n.①否认，否定(that/of sth)②拒绝给予deny/dɪ'naɪ/vt.①否认(that/doing)②拒绝给予disintegrate/dɪs'ɪntɪgreɪt/v.①（使）破碎，解体②瓦解，衰落disintegration n.瓦解，衰落stuck/stʌk/adj.①被卡住的，困于②摆脱不了(with sb/sth)harmonize/'hɑːmənaɪz/v.①彼此协调，和谐②使统一harmonization n.和谐；统一sanction/ˈsæŋkʃn/n.①制裁②正式批准vt.①批准，许可②制裁freeze/friːz/v.①（使）结冰，冻住②冷藏③冻结（资金等）freezing adj.极冷的suspend/sə'spend/vt.①暂停，暂缓②使停职③悬挂suspense/sə'spens/n.①悬念，焦虑②keep/leave sb in suspense让某人心悬着suspension/səˈspenʃn/n.①暂缓，暂停②停职，停赛③悬架murmur/ˈmɜːmə/v.低语，小声说n.低语fiscal/ˈfɪskl/adj.财政的curb/kɜːb/vt.抑制，约束(restrain/check/inhibit/hinder/constrain/impede)write sth off注销，消记（账项等）at sb’s/sth’s best在…最佳全盛时期；处于最佳状态comparable/'kɒmpərəbl/adj.类似的，相当的；可比较的(to/with sb/sth)blunt/blʌnt/adj.①钝的，不锋利②直言不讳的(outspoken/candid/forthright)vt.使减弱bluntly adv.直言地benign/bɪ'naɪn/n.①和善的②良性的benign and malignant tumors良性和恶性肿瘤abandon/ə'bændən/vt.①抛弃(desert/discard/ditch/forsake)②放弃(give up)pessimistic/ˌpesɪ'mɪstɪk/adj.悲观的(about sth)pessimist n.悲观主义者pessimism/'pesɪmɪzəm/n.悲观(about/over sth)optimism n.乐观conceited/kən'siːtɪd/adj.自负的，自高自大的addict/'ædɪkt/n.①吸毒成瘾者②对…沉迷者addicted/ə'dɪktɪd/adj.成瘾的，入迷的(to sth)addiction n.瘾，沉迷(to sth)addictive/əˈdɪktɪv/adj.①使人上瘾的②使人入迷的spiral/ˈspaɪrəl/n.①螺旋形②加速上升（或下降）adj.螺旋形的vi.①螺旋式上升（或下降）②急剧增长diabetes/ˌdaɪə'biːtiːz/n.糖尿病diabetes/high blood pressure/stroke/asthma糖尿病/高血压/中风/哮喘conceivable/kən'siːvəbl/adj.可想象的，可信的inconceivable adj.不可想象的(unbelievable/incredible)crisp/krɪsp/adj.①（食物）脆的②（天气）清爽的③崭新洁净的④（声音、图像）清晰的n.薯片centerpiece/'sentəpi:s/n.最重要的部分或项目，核心calorie/'kælərɪ/n.卡路里（食物热量单位）sponsor/ˈspɒnsə/n.①赞助商，资助者②倡议人vt.①赞助；资助②主办③倡议sponsorship n.赞助lure/lʊə/vt.引诱，诱惑(tempt/entice/attract/allure)n.①吸引力the lure of Wall Street②诱饵induce/ɪnˈdjuːs/vt.①劝诱(persuade)②引起（身体反应）inducement n.诱因，引诱物(to sb/to do)up front adj.坦率的，坦诚(be up front about sth)adv.预付；预先，提前takeaway/'teɪkəweɪ/n.外卖餐馆；外卖食品alarm/ə'lɑːm/n.①惊恐②警报③警报器④闹钟vt.使惊恐，使担忧(frighten)alarming adj.令人惊恐的strengthen/'streŋθn/v.（使）增强，加强，巩固(enhance/intensify/reinforce/heighten/consolidate/bolster)upper/ˈʌpə/adj.①上面的，上部的②have/get the upper hand占上风emit/i'mɪt/vt.（热、声、气等）发出，散发(give out)emission/iˈmɪʃn/n.①（热等）发出，排放②排放物toll/təʊl/n.①伤亡人数②take a heavy/its toll(on sth/sb)造成重大损失，重创③通行费radical/ˈrædɪkl/adj.①根本的，彻底的②激进的n.激进分子tactic/ˈtæktɪk/n.策略，战术tactical/ˈtæktɪkl/adj.①战术上，策略上的②（武器）战术性的set about doing/sth着手，开始做set sth aside①把…搁到一边②留出set sb/sth back①使延误，阻滞②使…与…拉开距离(from sth)set off出发，启程set sth off①引发②引爆，触发set sth down①制定，设置（规定等）②写下set out①出发，动身②开始努力，着手(to do)set out sth①安排，摆放②列出，陈述set up sth①建立，创建②安排③安装（设备等）contribute/kən'trɪbjuːt/v.①贡献②捐助，捐赠③导致(to sth)contributory adj.促成的，促进的extract/ɪkˈstrækt;'ekstrækt/vt.①提炼，提取②摘录③取出，拔出n.①摘录②提取物extraction/ɪk'strækʃn/n.①提取，抽出②血统，出身endeavor/ɪn'devə/n.（艰难的）努力，尝试vi.努力，竭力strive/struggle/endeavor to do sthmechanism/'mekənɪzəm/n.①机械装置②机制incentive mechanism奖励机制observe/əbˈzɜːv/vt.①注意到，看到(notice/watch)②观察；监视③评论④遵守(obey/follow/abide by/adhere to) observer n.目击者，观察者；观察家insist/ɪnˈsɪst/v.①坚持要求(that;on doing/sth)②坚称，坚持说insistence n.坚决要求，坚持adhere/əd'hɪə/vi.adhere to sth①黏附②遵守，坚持（法律等）(stick to/abide by/conform to/comply with/observe) adherence/əd'hɪərəns/n.①依附，黏附②遵守，坚持succeed/sək'siːd/v.①成功；做成(in doing/sth)②继任，接替(to sth)successor n.继任者succession n.继任update/ʌpˈdeɪt;ˈʌpdeɪt/vt.①更新②向…提供最新信息(sb on sth)n.更新，最新消息updated adj.更新的swallow/ˈswɒləʊ/v.①吞下②做吞咽动作③吞没，淹没④相信，接受（某事实等）n.①燕子②吞，一口delete/dɪˈliːt/vt.删除deletion n.删除impel/ɪm'pel/vt.推动，驱使(propel/prompt/stimulate)conspire/kənˈspaɪə/vi.密谋，合谋(to do;against sb)(plot/scheme)conspiracy/kənˈspɪrəsi/n.阴谋，密谋(scheme/plot/intrigue)predecessor/'priːdɪsesə/n.①前任predecessor and successor前任和继任②前一代，前身degrade/dɪˈɡreɪd/vt.①贬低②使降低，降级③使退化degrading adj.贬低的，有辱人格的。

考研英语历年真题例句详解含译文翻译Surge1.surgeon ['sə:dʒən]n. 外科医生【同义词】sawbones chirurgeon【真题例句】Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O’Connor is in her 70s, and former surgeon general C. Everett Koop chairs an Internet start-up in his 80s.（2003阅读4）参考译文：最高法院法官桑德拉·欧康奈70有余，前卫生局医务主任C. Everett Koop 80多岁还出任了一家互联网创业公司的CEO。

2.surgery ['sə:dʒəri]n. 外科，外科学；手术室，诊疗室【同义词】theater surgical department【真题例句】A robot that can fulfill delicate tasks like performing brain surgery.（2002阅读2选项）参考译文：机器人可以完成很多细致的任务，如做脑部手术。

3.suicide ['sjuisaid]n. 自杀；自杀行为；自杀者a. 自杀的vt. 自杀vi. 自杀【同义词】dutch act self-destruction【真题例句】There is another way to commit evolutionary suicide.（2000阅读2）参考译文：另一种进行进化性自杀的方法。

Sure1.assure [ə'ʃuə]vt. 使确信，使放心；（of）向…保证/担保【同义词】ensure［真题例句]When assured that they do, she replied, “Then I would have to say yes.”（2003考研英语阅读Text 2）参考译文：当被告知的确如此，她回答道：“那么我不得不说，是的，我反对接种。

abnormal 不正常的absurd 荒谬的abundant 丰富的acute 敏锐的，锋利的，急性的accurate 精确的，准确的adequate 足够的，恰当的，合适的adjacent （to ）毗连的，接近的adverse 不利的，相反的aerial 空中的，航空的aesthetic 审美的，有审美能力的agreeable 宜人的，同意的aggressive 侵略的好斗的，进取的alien 外国的，不同性质的ambiguous 模棱两可的模糊的ambitious 有雄心的有抱负的ample 充足的，足够的，广大的analytical 分析的anonymous 匿名的applicable 适用的，合适的apprehensive 不安的，担心的appropriate 合适的，恰当的apt 敏捷的；适当的；倾向，易于arrogant 傲慢的，自大的authentic 可靠的可信的authoritative 有权威的，可信的autonomous 自治的，自主的average 一般的普通的awesome 令人畏惧的aware 意识到的，知道的awkward 尴尬的bald 秃头的，不毛的，单调的barren 贫瘠的不毛的bizarre 古怪的，奇异的bleak 阴冷的，寒冷的；荒凉的；暗淡的blunt 不尖的，钝的；直率的，直言的botanical 植物学的bound 一定的brisk 活跃的，活泼的brutal 野蛮的，残忍的cardinal 主要的，最基本的carefree 无忧无虑的casual 随意的，随便的catholic 广泛的，普遍的cautious 谨慎的，小心的chronic 慢性的cognitive 认知的coherent 一致的，连贯的；清晰，易懂的compact 紧凑的小巧的commercial 商业的，compassionate 表示同情的competent 有能力的competitive 竞争性的，具有竞争力的compact 紧凑的，小巧的，简洁的complementary 互补的compulsory 强迫的，强制的，义务的concise 简洁的，简明的conclusive 确定的，决定性的confidential 机紧的，秘密的conscientious 负责的，尽责的conscious 意识到的，知道的consecutive 连续不断的，接连而来的consequent 随后发生的，由引起的conservative 保守的，传统的consistent 和…一致conspicuous 显而易见的，引人注目的constituent 组成的，构成的conventional 传统的courteous 有礼貌的cordial 热情的，诚恳的corporate 法人的，公司的，全体的，cozy/cosy 舒适的crisp 脆的，有霜气的；干脆的crucial/critical 关键的cumulative 累积的current 当前的decent 体面的，像样的，还不错的deceptive 欺骗的, 骗人的definitive 最后的，明确的delicate 精细的，微妙的，精心处理的democratic 民主的desirable 理想的，想要的deteriorating 恶化的，变坏的destined 命中注定的destructive 毁灭的detached 超然的，detrimental 有害的digital 数字的divisive 分裂的，不和的disastrous 灾难性的discrete 不连续的，分立的divine 神圣的，神的dominant 占优势的，有支配力的dramatic 戏剧性的，夸张性的drastic 激烈的，猛烈的dreadful 可怕的dubious 怀疑的，可疑的eccentric 怪癖的，古怪的，离心的economic 经济的edible 可食的，无毒的effective 有效果的efficient 有效率的elegant 优雅的，优美的，精致的eligible 合格的eloquent 有口才的，善辩的embarrassing 令人尴尬的energetic 精力充沛的equivalent 相等的erroneous 错误的essential 必要的，基本的esthetic 审美的eternal 永恒的，无休止的evitable 可以避免的excessive 过分的，过度的exclusive 独有的，排他的exotic 外来的，奇特的explicit 清楚的exquisite 优美的，精致的；灵敏的，敏锐的extinct 灭绝的，绝种的extensive 广泛的extravagant 浪费的，奢侈的，过分，过度的fabulous 神话中有名的，难以相信的fanciful 奇怪的，不真实的fatal 致命的，毁灭性的feasible 可行的feeble 脆弱的，虚弱的feminine 妇女的，女性的，阴的fertile 肥沃的，有才智的，能生的financial 财政的，经济的finite 有限度的flexible 灵活的，能适应环境的formidable 可怕的，艰难的forthcoming 即将到来的；现成的；热心的fragile 易碎的，易受伤害的fragrant 芳香的furious 猛烈的，生气的fruitful 有成效的generous 大方的genetic 基因的gigantic 巨大的global 全球的gloomy 暗淡的，忧伤的gorgeous 华丽的，灿烂的gracious 亲切的，大方的grim 严厉的，严格的，冷酷的hasty 仓促的，匆忙的homogeneous 同类的，同性质的hostile 敌对的humble 卑微的hysterical 歇斯底里的ideal 理想的identical 相同的，一样的ignorant 无知的imaginable 可以想象的imaginative 富有想象力的，爱想象的immune 有免疫力的，安全的impartial 公正的imperative 必要的，急切的，强制的inaccessible 不可接近的，不能达到的inadequate 不充分的，不适当的incessant 不断的，不停的incredible 难以置信的inclusive 包括的，包含的incurable 不治之症的indefinite 不确定的，模糊的indicative 直述的，指示的，表示的indifferent 不关心的，冷漠的indignant 生气的，愤怒的indispensable 必不可少的infectious 传染的，传染性的inferior 较次的，较劣的, 地位较低的，较差的influential 有影响力的innate/inborn 天生的ingenious 天才的，灵巧的，精美的inherent 固有的，生来的innocent 无辜的，天真的inspirational 灵感的instantaneous 瞬间的，即时的instrumental 乐器的，有帮助的intent 专心的，专注的intentional 故意的intelligible 易理解的，易领悟的interactive 相互的，互动的intermittent 间歇的，断续的internal 内部的intimate 亲密的intricate 复杂精细的intrinsic 固有的，本质的，内在的invalid 无效的，伤残的，残废的invaluable 无价的ironical 讽刺的irreplaceable 不能替换的，不能代替的irrespective (of ) 不考虑，不顾jealous 嫉妒的judicial 法官的，法庭的，审判的juvenile 少年的legislative 立法的，法律的legitimate 合法的，正规的，合理的lenient 宽大的，不严厉的liberal 自由的linear 线的，线状的literal 文字的，字面的，逐字逐句的literate 识字的，文雅的locomotive 移动的，引起运动的lofty 高的，高尚的，高傲的logical 合乎逻辑的luminous 发光的，明亮的；清楚的，容易的masculine 男性的，阳性的massive 大规模的，大量的mechanical 机械的medieval 中古的，中世纪的mental 心理的，精神的，metallic 金属的militant 好战的，尚武的merciful 仁慈的，宽大的mobile 活动的，流动的，移动的monetary 货币的muscular 肌肉的mythical 神话般的naive 自然而天真的，质朴的nasty 肮脏的negligible 可忽略的，微不足道的nominal 名义上的，名字的，无价值的notable 显著的，著名的notorious 臭名昭著的，声名狼藉的numerical 数字的，表示数量的obedient 服从的，顺从的obscure 模糊不清的obscene 淫秽的，肮脏的optimistic 乐观的optional 可供选择的oriental 东方的original 原先的，最早的orthodox 正统的，公认的overt 公然的，公开的overwhelming 势如破竹的，压倒性的passionate 热情的，多情的pathetic 悲哀的，悲惨的patriotic 爱国的perpetual 永久的，持久的persistent 坚持不懈的potential 可能的，潜在的poisonous 有毒的predominant 卓越的，流行的，显著的prevalent 普遍的，流行的primitive 原始的，早期的productive 有生产力的，多产的proficient 熟练的，精通的profound 深刻的，深远的prominent 突出的，杰出的prompt 即刻的，迅速的prone (to) 易于，倾向于proper 恰当的prosperous 富裕的，繁荣的prudent 谨慎的；小心的qualitative 与性质有关的，定性的queer 奇怪的，古怪的radiant 光辉灿烂的，容光焕发的radical 激进的，根本的random 随意的，无目的的rash 匆忙的，卤莽的，草率的raw 自然状态的，未加工的redundant 过多的，多余的relevant 与…有关的reliable 可靠的resistant 有抵抗力的respectable 可尊敬的rewarding 值得的rigorous 严格的，严厉的；严酷的righteous 正义的，义愤的rough 粗略的，不精确的savage 野蛮的；凶猛的，残酷的sensitive 敏感的sheer 完全的，十足的shrewd 精明的simultaneous 同时的skeptical 怀疑的slight 轻微的，小的sound 合理的，健康的stable/steady 稳定的，不断的stationary 固定的strenuous 吃力的，奋发的，奋斗的subordinate 次要的，从属的substantial 巨大的，subtle 微妙的，精巧的，细微的sufficient 足够的superficial 肤浅的surgical 外科的supplementary 增补的，补充的，附susceptible 易动感情的; 敏感的; 易受…影响的suspicious 怀疑的sustainable 可持续的sympathetic 有同情心的tedious 冗长的，乏味的tentative 试探的thermal 热的，热量的transient 短暂的，片刻的trivial 琐碎的，不重要的turbulent 动荡的，混乱的typical 典型的，有代表性的ultimate 最后的，最终性的unanimous 全体一致的，无异义的underlying 潜在的，根本的universal 普遍的，普通的verbal 言语的，口头的，逐字的versatile 多才多艺的vicious 恶的，恶意的，错误的visible 看的见的vivid 生动的，栩栩如生的vocational 职业的void =invalid 无效的vulnerable 易受伤的，容易受到…影响的watertight 防水的weary 疲倦的，劳累的weird=odd=strange 奇怪的worth 值得的wretched 可怜的, 破旧的, 恶劣的, 沮丧的amply 充足的，大量的barely=hardly=scarcely 几乎不deliberately 故意地, 深思熟虑地, 审慎地exclusively 仅仅；唯一explicitly 明确地implicitly 不清楚地forcibly 强行地，有力地formerly 原先地，以前，从前incidentally 附带地，偶然地increasingly 日益，越来越多地inevitably 必然地，不可避免地intentionally 有意地，故意地invariably 永不变的，恒久的optimistically. 乐观地outwardly 表面上，外表上地practically 实际上；几乎，差不多presumably 大概，可能，据推测quarterly 按季地shabbily 破旧地，褴褛地，卑鄙地shrewdly 精明地，明智地shortly 不久，很快simultaneously 同时发生地somewhat 颇为，稍稍，有几分spontaneously 自发地，自然产生地startlingly 惊人地triumphantly( 欣喜) 胜利地, 成功地unexpectedly 意外地virtually 事实上，实际地abundance 丰富，充裕access (to) 入口，通路，接触accessory 附件，附属品accommodation 膳宿；和解，调解，适应acknowledgement 承认，感谢，致谢admiration 欣赏adolescence 青年期adolescent 青年，少年admission 许可，入门费，门票；承认，供认advocate 提倡者，拥护者affection 亲爱，爱意aggregate 合计，总数aisle 走廊，通道allowance 津贴；考虑，体谅alloy 合金ambition 野心，雄心ammunition 军火，弹药analogy 相似，比喻，类比anticipation 预期，期望apparatus 仪器，装置；器官appendix 附加物，附录appraisal 估计，估价，评价appreciation 感谢，感激array 陈列，一系列arena 比武场，竞技场，舞台armo(u)r 盔甲，装甲array 阵式，服装；一大批，一系列artery 动脉；干道，主流artillery 大炮，炮兵aspiration 愿望，希望；渴望assassination 暗杀，行刺assurance 保证，自信，把握automation 自动化aviation 航空，飞行axis 轴，轴心，政治联盟ballet/ ballot 芭蕾，芭蕾舞剧bankrupt 破产；完全缺乏batch 一批，一捆bearing 举止，态度；关系，方面belly 肚子，腹部bias 偏见，倾向，癖性bishop 主教blunder 错误，大错budget 预算booth 棚子，摊位，亭botany 植物学boycott 联合抵制brace 链，曲柄bracket 托架，类别；分类breach 违犯，破坏，缺口breakdown 坏掉，出毛病；病倒，衰退brink （危险等）边缘brochure 小册子bruise 挫伤；碰伤，淤伤bust 半身像，胸部buzz 嗡嗡声bypass 辅助道路cannon 大炮，火炮canvas 帆布，油画capsule 胶囊caption 标题，题目；说明文字captive 俘虏，被捕获的（动物）capability 能力，才能cash 现金casualty 灾祸；伤亡catastrophe 大灾害，灾祸cathedral 总教堂，大教堂caution 小心；谨慎，警告census 人口统计，人口调查chorus 合唱团，异口同声chunk 一大块，一厚块circulation ( 书报的) 发行量，循环，流通circus 竞技场，马戏团clan 宗族，大家族，氏族clarity 清楚，透明clearance 清除；间隙，空间；结关手续climax 高潮，顶点cluster 团，族，小群coalition 联合，联盟collaboration 合著，合作，勾结，通敌commitment 承诺，许诺commentary 实况报道，注释commonplace 习以为常的事情compartment 隔间，车室competence 称职，能力，权限compensation 补偿，赔偿complexion 肤色，面色，面貌；形式complication 复杂，困难；并发症compliment 恭维，表扬，问候，致意conception 构思，构想；怀孕configuration 形状，外貌，轮廓，排列consideration 考虑constitution 组成，构成；体格，体质；宪法consultant 顾问contempt 轻视，蔑视，鄙视，不尊敬contention 争辩，争论，论点controversy 争论，辩论conversion 转化，改变，转变corpse 尸体counterpart 相对应的人或物；对方courtesy 礼貌，谦恭coverage 新闻报导coward 胆小鬼，懦夫crumble 碎屑，细屑damage 损坏debate 争论，辩论decree 法令，判决default 不负责，不到场，不还债defiance 反抗，不尊重deficit 赤字denial 否认，否定，拒绝给与( 正义，权利) descendant 后裔，后代descent 下来，下去；祖先，祖籍；突袭destiny 命运，天命discrepancy 不同，不符合digest 摘要，简编dilemma 窘境，困境distinction 区分，辨别disposition 排列, 性情, 气质; 倾向; 支配权, 处理权disturbance 搅乱，动乱；不安，骚动diversion 转向，改道；消遣，娱乐；分散doctrine 教条，主义，学说domain 领土，领域；范围dome 圆屋顶drainage 排水，疏水drawback 缺陷，障碍，不利drought 干旱，旱灾edible 可食之物elite 杰出的人才或人物，精华emergency 紧急情况empirical 经验的，全凭实验的encouragement 鼓励enclosure 包围，函中信件essence 本质estimate 估计esteem 尊敬，尊重excerpt 摘录，引述expedition 远征，远征队expenditure 开支expertise 鉴定，评价；知识和技术exposition 解释，说明extinction . 灭绝facet 平面，刻面，方面fashion 方式，样子feast 盛宴；赏心悦目的东西feat 技艺；伟绩federation 联邦制，联合会，联盟ferry 渡船fitting 试衣，试穿；固定装置，家具，设备flattery 奉承，阿谀之词fragrance 香味，香气flaw 裂纹，瑕疵fortune 财产，大笔的钱fraction 小部分，一点friction 摩擦，不和，冲突fuse 保险丝，导火线fusion 融合，联合galaxy 星系garment 衣服glacier 冰河glamour 魅力，魔力，诱惑力gossip 闲话，闲谈，随笔，漫谈guarantee 保证，保证书，保修单guilt 犯罪，罪状handicap 障碍，阻碍harassment 烦恼，困苦，侵扰harmony 与…协调一致，和谐heritage 遗产，继承物hierarchy 等级制度hike 徒步旅行hinge 重点，关键，主旨hospitality 友好款待，好客hostage 人质humidity 潮湿，湿度hurricane 飓风hypothesis 假设，假说ideology 思想方式，意识形态idiot 白痴，傻瓜illusion 错觉，假象impetus 动力，推动力，刺激incentive 刺激，动机，鼓励，诱因inertia 迟钝，呆滞；惰性，惯性ingredient 成分inlet 入口insight 理解，洞察力inspection 检查，视察instinct 本能，直觉integrity 正直，诚实intersection 交叉，交叉口intuition 直觉intuition 直觉inventory 详细目录存货，盘存junction 连接，会合，交叉点junk 破烂物，垃圾lace 花边，饰带atitude 纬度, 地区; 自由, 自由的范围layman 外行人，门外汉liability 责任，义务；易于，倾向于likelihood 可能性locality 位置，地方；辨认地方的能力longitude 经度lounge 休息室，休息处lease 租约，契约legislation 立法，法律limitation 局限性，缺点loyalty 忠诚，忠心luxury 奢侈，豪华magistrate 地方官吏/ 法官magnitude 大小，光度mansion 大厦，官邸manifestation 表现( 形式) massacre 大屠杀meadow 草地，牧场mechanism 机械装置，机构，结构方式melody 音律; 歌曲, 曲调; 主调, 旋律menace 危险，威胁migrant 移居者，候鸟minority 少数；未成年misfortune 不幸，灾难momentum 动量，动力，推动力monopoly 专利权，独占，垄断；专利品morality 道德，美德mortgage 抵押，抵押品notion 概念，观念，理解novelty 新鲜，奇特，新奇物oath 誓约，誓言obligation ( 法律上或道义上的) 责任offset 印刷术offspring 后代，子孙，幼子optimum 最佳，最适宜，最有利orientation 定方向，定方位，朝向outfit 服装，装备，用具occasion 场合opponent 敌人，对手ornament 装饰，装饰品overpass 天桥，路桥，高架桥paradox 反论parasite 寄生虫，食客participation 参加，加入partition 分割，分配，瓜分pastime 消遣，娱乐pasture 草原，牧场patent 专利权patrol 巡逻，巡查；巡逻者patron 赞助人，资助人pattern 模式penalty 制裁，惩罚pension 养老金personality 人格，人性plateau 高地，高原pledge 保证，誓言plight 困境，苦境position 位置，职位，职务posture 姿势；状态，情况；心境，态度predecessor 前任，原有的事物premise 前提，假设premium 保险费；报酬，奖金prescription 处方preservation 保护，防护prestige 威信，威望pretext 借口，托辞prey 猎物priority 优先( 权) proceeding 进行，举止，行为，处置prophet 先知，鼓吹者，提倡者，预言者proposition 主张；提议；问题，难题prospect 前景，可能性proximity 接近，接近于pursuit 追逐，追求；职业，工作questionnaire 调查表，问卷racket 喧嚣，闹声，繁忙rate 速度ration 比率recession ( 经济) 衰退，不景气；撤退reconciliation 和解，调停，顺从，听从reflection 反映，表现refreshment 爽快，舒心；提神的东西refuge 躲避，避难，避难所refund 退还，退款regime 政体，制度regiment 团，多数，大量rehearsal 演习，排演，详述reign 主权，统治；朝代，王朝rein 缰绳rejoice 欢喜，快乐relay 替换，替班，接力，转播reliance 依靠，信任，信赖r elish 吸引力，热心，兴趣remainder 剩余物或人remnant 残余，剩余repression 镇压，抑制，压抑reputation 名声，声望resemblance 相似，类似reservation 贮存，贮藏reservation 预订，保留retention 保持，保留retrospect 回顾，回望revelation 显示，泄露revenue 税收，岁入rival 竞争对手routine 常规，惯例，例行公事rupture 破裂，绝交safeguard 安全设施或措施salvation 拯救，救助savage 野人，野蛮人scent 气味，香味；踪迹，痕迹scene 景色，景象scorn 轻蔑，鄙视scrutiny 细察，详审，核算选票sensation 感觉，激动，轰动sentiment 感情, 情绪, 情操; 伤感; 意见, 观点setback 阻碍，挫折shortage 短缺，不足smash 打碎，粉碎stability 稳定( 性) ，稳固stack 堆，一堆standard 标准subsidy 补助金，资助金surface 表面suspension 暂停，延缓，停职，吊销synthesis 综合，合成，合成物temperament 气质，性格tempo 数率，进度，节奏testimony 证言，证词；宣言，陈述threshold 开端，入口tolerance 容忍，忍耐力transaction 处理，办理，交易transition 过渡，转变trend 倾向，趋势turnover 营业额，销售金额variation 变化，变动vegetation 植物，草木vein 心情，心思，意向verdict 裁决，判决；决定，判断versus 相对，对抗vicinity 接近，附近；密切的关系void 空虚，空处warehouse 货仓warfare 作战，交战warrant 根据，权威，委任状abandon 抛弃，放弃accommodate 供给住宿，答应; 适应acknowledge 承认，供认；致谢，打招呼acquaint 熟悉，认识，通晓acquire 获得，得到activate 使活波，激活addict (to) 沉溺于，嗜好adhere to 坚持，忠于adjoin 邻近，接近，毗连administer 管理，处理，治理，实行，实施adore 崇拜，敬爱，爱慕affiliate 加盟，入会affirm 肯定，断言afflict 受折磨，使苦恼afford 付得起，冒危险；供给，给予aggravate 使恶化，使严重alienate 离间，使不和，使疏远，转移，让渡allege 断言，宣称，提出alleviate 减轻，缓和allocate 分配，配给，拨给alternate 交替，轮流amend 改善，改良，改正；修正anticipate 预期，盼望appease 使平息，安抚applaud 赞扬，称赞articulate 清晰说话，连接ascend 上升，攀登ascertain 确知，探知ascribe 归因于，归功于assemble 集合，聚集，装备assign 分派，指派( 职务，任务) assimilate 吸收，同化attribute...to 归因于authorize/ise 授权，委托；批准，许可avail 利用，有帮助，有用avert 转移，防止，避免baffle 困惑，阻止，难住beam 微笑，高兴地笑；播送（节目等）base 建立在……的基础上bewilder 迷惑，弄糊涂blaze 燃烧；照耀blink 眨眼，闪烁不定blush 脸红，羞愧，羞于承认boost 提高，上扬，吹嘘breach 冲破，突破breed (over ) 培育，养育brew 酿制，调制；造成，形成，酝酿brood 沉思，思考，思虑browse 食，吃；浏览，随便阀阅bully 威胁，欺负carve 雕刻，铭刻，刻字cater (for) 准备，提供，迎合certify 证明，保证chant 唱歌，反复唱歌颂clamp 施压，钳制，用力制止clasp 紧握，紧抱cling (to ) 坚守，抱紧clutch 抓住，攫取，扑捉coincide with 相同，相一致collaborate 合著，合作，合伙collide 互撞，碰撞commemorate 纪念，庆祝commend 称赞，赞扬commence 开始commute 改变，换算成；减刑，通勤compensate 补偿，赔偿compile 编辑，编制，编写complement 补充，补足，结合comply with 遵守conceive 想出，设想concern 涉及condense 压缩，浓缩conflict 冲突，战争conform 符合，遵守，适应confront 面对，面临conserve 保护，保存confer 授予；商谈，商讨，讨论console 给予安慰或同情，慰问consolidate 巩固，统一constrain 强迫，勉强，驱使contemplate 注视，沉思，打算contend 奋斗，竞争；主张，断言contrive 发明，设计，想办法，设法完成convene 召集，召开，集合converge 汇合，聚集convey 表达，传达correlate 有关系，发生联系corrode 腐蚀，侵蚀，受损害corrupt 腐败，败坏，行贿crash ( 飞机) 坠毁，冲入，破产，垮台cruise 航行，漫游，行进culminate 到达极点dart 飞奔，投射，冲进dazzle 使眩目，耀眼deceive 欺骗，哄骗decline 下降，减少，衰退dedicate 奉献，献身，致力于deduce 推理，推想，演绎出deem 相信，认为default 不负责，不到场，不还债defend 为……辩护defy 违抗，藐视degenerate 退步，堕落，腐化，恶化degrade 降级，堕落denote 代表，指出，指示denounce 揭发，告发deny 否认，剥夺，拒绝给deport 驱逐出境deprive 剥夺derive 得来，得到descend 下落descend 下来，下去；遗传，为后代deserve 值得designate 标明，指明，命名despise 鄙视，轻视，瞧不起detach 解开，拆开，使分离detain 扣留，使等候，阻止，耽搁deteriorate 恶化，变坏，变质deviate ( 使) 背离，( 使) 偏离differentiate 区别，辨别，分别diffuse 散布，传播，扩散，推广dilute 变稀，变淡，稀释；减弱diminish 减少，缩小disable 使无能力，使残废discern 辩明，认清discriminate 区别，辨别；歧视dispense 分配，分给，施给；配药disperse 驱散，散开displace 移走，移置disguise 假扮，伪装disrupt 分裂，打破distort 歪曲，扭曲dominate 统治，占据dodge 闪避，躲闪，逃避，规避donate 捐赠，赠送doom 判定，注定dread 害怕，畏惧drain 渐渐耗尽duplicate 复制，重复eject 离开，逐出；喷出，射出elapse 经过，过去，逝去elevate 举起，提高，使高尚elicit 发出，引出eliminate 消除，淘汰，剔除embark 乘船，装载；开始，从事embody 体现，包括，包含endow 捐赠，赋有endure 忍受，忍耐enhance 提高，增加enroll 使成为…的成员，注册ensue 随着发生，因而发生erase 擦掉，抹去，抹掉erupt 爆发，迸发escort 护送，护航evacuate 撤离，撤退，疏散evaporate 蒸发，消失，死亡exempt (from) 使免除evoke 引起，唤起exclaim 呼喊，欢呼expire 到期，期满explore 探险，探索extract 拔出，拔取；榨出；摘录fabricate 建造，装置；捏造，伪造flank 侧翼包围flap ( 鸟) 振翅( 飞行) ，挥动，轻拍flare 燃烧，闪烁，突然爆发flush 变红，脸红，激动formulate 明确的表达，阐述foster 照顾，培育，培养，养育follow 遵从，接受furnish . 配备，装饰gasp 喘气，喘息gauge 精确计量；估计，判断gaze 凝视，注视gear (to ) 使适应，使适合glitter 闪烁graze 吃草，放牧grease 涂上，搽上grieve 使伤心，使悲伤grin 露齿笑groan 呻吟grope 摸索，搜寻hamper 妨碍，限制haul 拖，拉haunt 常去，常出没，萦饶心头hinder 阻碍，妨害hoist 举起，升起，吊起hover 盘旋，翱翔huddle 挤在一起，缩成一团hurl 投掷，猛投identify 认出，确认ignite 引燃，发火illuminate 照亮，说明，阐明immerse (in ) 使浸没，使专心impair 损害，伤害impart 传授，给予；通知，告知impose 把…强加于inaugurate 举行就职仪式，是…开始incorporate 结合，合并incur 招致，蒙受induce 劝诱，诱导indulge 纵容，放任inflict on 强加于，使受痛苦inhabit 居住inhibit 阻止，禁止，抑制intend 意欲，打算interpret 解释，说明initiate 开始，着手，准许加入；传授inject 注射，注入insulate 绝缘，绝热，隔离intervene 干涉，阻扰，调停intrigue 设阴谋；激起好奇心invert 倒转，颠倒irritate 激怒，使急噪；使不舒服jeopardize 危及，损坏jerk 猛拉，颠簸而行jog 轻摇，缓缓行进lash 猛击，煽动levy 征收，征集；扣押linger 逗留，徘徊，留恋；迟缓，拖延litter 乱丢，乱堆locate 位于，定位loom 隐隐地出现，压在心头lubricate 加润滑油，使顺利进展lure 吸引，诱惑magnify 放大，垮大，夸奖manifest 显示，清楚表示，表明mean 打算，意欲mediate 想，考虑，沉思，思考merge 合并，逐渐融入mingle 混合起来，相混合minimize 对…做最低估计mob 包围（攻击）mobilize 动员mock 愚弄，嘲弄；使无法得逞monitor 监听，监控mourn 悲悼，哀悼，道歉necessitate 使必要neglect 忽视，遗漏nominate 提名，指定，指派nurture 养育，教养occupy 占领，使忙碌oppress 压迫，使难受orient 朝向东方，认清形式originate 首创，起源outrage 侵害，触犯，违反overflow 溢出，漫出，洋溢overhear 偷听，无意中听到overlap 重叠，相同，交叉overwhelm 压倒，浸没，使不安parade 游行paralyze/yse 使麻痹，使瘫痪pedal 踩踏板peel 剥，削perish 毁灭，死亡permeate 渗入，渗透perplex 使困惑，使迷惑plead 辩护，答辩；恳求，请求poke 推，刺，塞ponder 考虑，沉思preach 宣传，传教，鼓吹，倡导precede 在前，居先，先于preclude 阻止，使不可能prescribe 开处方，开药preside 主持，管理prolong 延长，拖延propel 推进，推动protest 抗议，反对provoke 引起，激起quantify 表示或测定。

2000 Passage 1effortless a.容易的,不费力气的success n.成功,成就dreadful a.可怕的,讨厌的handicap v.妨碍n.缺陷,障碍properly ad.适当地, 完全地handle n.柄,把手v.处理driving force 驱动力glowing a.炽热的，容光焕发的period n.时期,一段时间competitor n.竞争者,敌手competitive a.竞争的competition n.比赛,竞争industry n.工业,产业,勤劳industrial a.工业的,产业的unparalleled a.无比的, 无双的economy n.节约,经济scale n.刻度,天平,规模skilled a.熟练的,有技能的prosperous a.繁荣的,兴旺的beyond prep.超出inevitable a.不可避免的inevitably ad.不可避免primacy n.首位narrow a.狭窄的,狭隘的retreat v.撤退,退却predominance n.优势painful a.疼痛的,使痛苦的at a loss 困惑, 亏本地fade v.褪色,衰减,消失consumer n.消费者electronics n.电子学,电子设备shrink v.起皱,收缩,畏缩vanish v.消失,消散in the face of 面对textile n.纺织品a.纺织的sweep v.扫,打扫,席卷domestic a.家里的,本国的machine tool n.机床rope n.绳,索semiconductor n.半导体casualty n.伤亡人员,受害人cause n.原因,事业v.引起crisis ([pl.] crises) n.危机,紧要关头confidence n.信任,信心,秘密take…for grant ed想当然的认为…正确prosperity n.繁荣,兴旺therefore ad.因此conj.因此shortly ad.立刻,不久,简言之as well 倒不如, 还是...的好inquiry/enquiry n.询问,打听,调查decline v./n.下降,v.拒绝sensational a.耸人听闻的warning n.警告overseas a.外国的ad.在海外solid a.固体的,稳固的struggle n./v.斗争,奋斗,努力attribute n.属性v.把…归于solely ad.独自地, 单独地obvious a.明显的,显而易见的devalue v.减值, 贬值turning n.旋转,转向,转弯处cycle n.自行车,周期,循环yield to 屈服, 让步blind a.瞎的,盲目的structure n.结构,构造diet n.饮食,食物,减肥on a diet 节食,减肥witted a.智力…的,头脑…的executive n.董事a.执行的dean n.院长, 主持牧师improve v.改善,改进,增进productivity n.生产率institute n.学会,研究所,学院think tank 智囊团golden age 黄金时代management n.管理,管理部门painstaking n./a.苦干的,煞费苦心potential a.潜在的n.潜力workforce n.劳动力,工人总数impetus n.推动,促进manifest vi.出现vt.表明, 证明withdraw v.撤回,撤退,支取take over 接收, 接管enterprise n.事业,企业单位collapse v./n.倒坍,崩溃,垮台suicidal a.自杀的, 自毁的action n.行动,行为,动作auto/automobile n.汽车infer v.推论,推断shift v.替换,转换n.转换intense a.强烈的,剧烈的contribute v.贡献,损献,投稿progress v./n.前进,进步,进展revival n.苏醒, 复兴, 复活cooperation n.合作, 协作pave v.铺砌,铺（路）further ad./a.更远v.促进,增进restructure vt.重建构造,改组2000 Passage 2male n./a.男性,雄性（的）born a.出身于…的,生来的female a.女的,雌的ratio n.比,比率maturity n.成热, 完备universal a.通用的n.一般规律mortality n.死亡率survive v.幸免于,幸存excess a.过量的n.过量,过剩crucial a.至关重要,决定性的mate n.伙伴,同事,配偶chance n.机会,偶然性natural selection 自然选择,物竞天择说remove v.消除,去掉,搬迁particularly ad.独特地, 显著地depend on 依靠, 依赖make no difference没有影响,都一样variation n.变化,变动,变种due to 由于, 应归于gene n.基因agent n.代理,起作用的物质evolution n.进化,渐进,演化commit v.把…交托给,犯,干evolutionary a.进化的suicide n.自杀,自取灭亡alive a.活着的,活跃的fertile a.肥沃的,能繁殖的religious a.宗教的,虔诚的community n.社会,社区,共同体birth n.出生,出身,血统average n.平均a.一般的roughly ad. 概略地, 粗糙地offspring n.子孙,后代,结果take advantage of 利用diminish v.缩小,减少,递减wealth n.财富,财产,大量wealthy a.富裕的,丰富的poverty n.贫穷,贫困remain vi.保持, 逗留, 剩余tribal a.部落的, 种族的tribe n.部落,家族grand a.盛大的,重大的survival n.幸存,生存,幸存者power n.力,能力,电力upper a.上面的,较高的biological a.生物学的Utopia n.乌托邦involve v.卷入,包含,涉及physical a.物质的,身体的,物理species n.（物）种,种类transform v.改变,变换,改造evolve v.发展,进化machine n.机器,机械society n.社会,团体,协会phrase n.短语,词语,习语ignorant a.无知的,愚昧的organic a.器官的,有机的being n.生物,人,存在savage a.野蛮的n.野蛮人wholly ad.完全地,全部,一概comprehension n.理解,领悟ugliness n.丑陋amazed a.吃惊的, 惊奇的descendant n.子孙,后代used to 惯常, 惯于lack n./v. 缺乏,不足fierce a.凶猛的,残忍的defective a.有缺陷的illustrate v.举例说明,阐明tend to 注意, 趋向hardly ad.几乎不,仅仅rate n.速率,比率,费用argue v.争论,主张technological a.工艺的advance v.前进,推进n.前进decline v./n.下倾,下降v.拒绝stage n.舞台,戏剧,阶段title n.书名,标题2000 Passage 3movement n.运动,活动,迁移art n.艺术,美术,文科attain v.达到,获得fashion n.风尚,方式advisable a.可取的,适当的find out 找出, 发现, 查明advocate n.提倡者v.提倡,鼓吹farfetched a.牵强的unreasonable /a.不讲道理,不合理的principle n.原理,原则normal a.正常,普通的regard v.把…看作为,认为, with regard to 关于futurist n.未来派画家poetry n.诗歌,诗集case n.情况,事实,案件rather ad.相当,有一点儿,admit v.让…进入,承认theory n.理论,原理,学说base n.基础,底部,基地class v.把…分类（或分等）literature n.文学,文献in brief 简单扼要地condition n.状况,形势,条件conditionally ad.有条件地speed up 加速till prep./conj.直到…为止violence n.暴力,暴行consequently ad.因而,所以feeling n.感情,心情emotion n.情绪,情感undergo v.遭受,经历,承受corresponding a.相应的,对应的require v.需要,要求,命令form n.形状,形式,表格expression n.表达,表示,措词interpret v.解释,说明,口译stress n.压力v.强调pour v.倒,倾泻,流出stream n.溪流v.流出,涌essential a.必要的,本质的unhampered a.无妨碍的,无阻碍的qualify v.具有资格,限定adjective n./a.形容词（的）finite a.有限的verb n.动词instead of 代替, 而不是... make up 弥补, 虚构, 化妆imitate v.模仿,伪造type n.型,铅字v.打字ink n.墨水shorten v. 缩短, (使)变短lengthen v.延长,（使）变长at will 随意, 任意certainly ad.一定,无疑,当然description n.描写,形容,种类battle n.战役,斗争v.战斗confuse v.使混乱,混淆upsetting a.令人苦恼的explanatory a.说明的, 解释性note n.笔记,注释,钞票line n.线,路线,航线fight v./n.打仗,搏斗,斗争consist of 由...组成officer n.官员,军官fulfill/fulfil v.完成,履行requirement n.需要,要求refuse v.拒绝n.废物proposition n.主张,建议,陈述call for 要求, 提倡essentially ad.本质上, 本来survey v./n.俯瞰,调查approach v.靠近n.方法,途径review v.回顾,复习,评论merit n.优点,功绩novel n.小说a.新颖的literary a.文学上的,文学的determine v.决定,确定,限定purpose n.目的, 意图, 用途ignore v.不理,不顾,忽视flaw n.裂缝,缺陷claim v.要求,声称,索赔production n.生产,产量,产品relieve v.减轻,减少mode n.方式,式样acceptable a.可接受的, 合意的indicative a.指示的,暗示的basic a.基本的,基础的transient a.短暂的,过渡的phenomenon n.现象2000 Passage4aimless a.没有目标的typical a.典型的,有代表性的postwar a.战后的productivity n.生产率social a.社会的,交际的harmony n.协调,和谐,融洽envy v./n.羡慕,忌妒increasingly ad.不断增加地,日益traditional a.传统的, 惯例的moral a.道德上的n.寓意value n.价格,价值v.评价primary a.首要的,主要的largely ad.主要地,基本上boom v.迅速发展,兴旺entry n.进入,入口,条目dominate v.支配,统治,占优势limit n.界限,限度,范围personal a.个人的,本人的sacrifice n.牺牲,牺牲品involve v.卷入,包含,涉及climb v./n.攀登,爬rigid a.刚性的,严厉的ladder n.梯子,阶梯fully ad.充分地, 完全地in addition 另外express v.表达a.特快的dissatisfaction n.不满counterpart n.对应的人（或物）praise v.赞扬,歌颂n.称赞emphasis n.强调,重点tend to 往往,趋向stress n.压力v.强调,着重mechanical a.机械的,机械似的creativity n.创造力, 创造score n.得分,二十v.得（分）personality n.人格,个性courage n.勇气,胆量humanity n.人类,人文科学completely ad.十分, 完全地ignore v.不理,不顾,忽视chairman n.主席,议长,董事长ruling a.统治的n. 统治Liberal Democratic Part自由民主党committee n.委员会,全体委员frustration n.挫败, 挫折, 受挫lead v.领导,通向,导致kid n.小孩v.戏弄,取笑drop out 不参与, 离去, 放弃wild a.野生的,野蛮的incident n.事件,事变violence n.暴力,暴行assault v./n.袭击,攻击amid prep. 在...中outcry n. 大声疾呼conservative a.保守n.保守主义者leader n.领导者seek v.寻找,探索,试图prewar a.战前的ad.在战前minister n.部长,大臣eyebrow n.眉毛liberal a.慷慨的,大方的reform v./n.改革,改造,改良introduce v.介绍,引进,提出occupation n.占领,占据,职业authority n.权威,当局weaken v.削弱, (使)变弱morality n.道德,美德respect v.尊敬n.尊敬,敬意lifestyle n.生活方式educator n.教育家enjoy v.欣赏,喜爱,享受endure v.忍受,持久,持续centralization n.集中, 中央集权citizen n.公民,市民,平民extend v.延长,延伸abandon v. 放弃,抛弃in favor of 赞同, 有利于isolate v.隔离,孤立generation n.产生,一代（人）household n.户,家庭a. 家庭的urban a.城市的lengthy a.冗长的commute v.上下班,往返于两地crowded a.拥挤的, 塞满的condition n.状况,环境,条件discomfort n.不便之处, 不适divorce v./n.离婚,分离rate n.速率,等级v.评价suicide n.自杀, 自毁Westerner n.西方人positive a.积极的,肯定的rival n.竞争者v.竞争,对抗chiefly ad.主要地,首要地be responsible for 为...负责participation n.分享, 参与excessive a.过多的,过分的influence n. 影响,感化v.影响characterize v.表示…的特性cultivation n.培养, 教养, 耕作reveal v.展现,揭示,揭露tolerant a.容忍的,宽容的exceed v.超过,胜过,越出appreciate v.感谢,欣赏,赏识2000 Passage5ambition n.雄心,野心reward n.报酬v.酬劳,奖赏distinction n.差别,区别,名声destiny n.命运,天数,天命deem v.认为,相信sacrifice n.牺牲v.牺牲,献出behalf n.利益tradition n.传统,惯例vitality n.活力, 生命力widely ad.广泛地, 普遍地share v.分享n.份额,股份admire v.钦佩,赞赏,羡慕odd a.奇数的,奇怪的claim v.要求,声称,索赔ideal a.理想的n.理想benefit n.利益v.有益于,受益hypocrisy n.伪善case n.情况,病例,案件barn n.谷仓,仓库escape n.逃跑v.逃跑,避免ride v./n.骑,乘certainly ad.一定,无疑,当然sign n.标记,招牌v.签名formerly ad.从前, 以前, 原来location n.位置,场所brand n.商标,牌子v.使铭记item n.条,条款,项目demand n./v.要求,请求,需求confess v.供认,承认,忏悔fully ad.充分地, 完全地openly ad.不隐瞒地,公然地once ad.曾经conj.一旦lest conj.以防,以免,免得acquisitive a.想获得的,可学到的vulgar a.粗俗的, 庸俗的instead ad.代替,顶替treat v.对待,处理,治疗hypocritical a.伪善的, 伪善者的spectacle n.眼镜,场面,奇观ample a.充分的,富裕的supply v.供给,供应critic n.批评家,评论家materialism n.物质主义publisher] n.出版者, 发行人radical a.激进的;根本的star n.星,恒星,名角restaurant n.餐馆,饭店journalist n.记者,新闻工作者advocate n.提倡者v.提倡,鼓吹participatory a.供人分享的democracy n.民主,民主制phase n.阶段,状态,时期enroll/enrol v.招收,登记,入学private a.私人的,私下的exceptional a.例外的,异常的proper a.适合的,固有的formulation n.公式表示,简洁陈述succeed v.成功,继承,接替at all costs/at any cost不惜任何代价ambitious a.有雄心的attack v./n.攻击,进攻n.发作various a.各种各样的,不同的angel n.天使public a.公共的n.公众defender n.防卫者,辩护者unimpressive /a.无印象,印象淡薄的extremely ad.极端地, 非常地unattractive a.不引人注意的impulse v.推动n.冲动,刺激quality n.质量,品质,特性fix v.使固定,安装stirring a.激动人心的,忙碌的prompting n.促进, 激励, 提示honor/honour n.荣誉v.给以荣誉profess v.表示consequence n.结果,后果,影响follow v.跟随,接着,遵循underground a.地下的n.地铁sly a.狡猾的,偷偷摸摸的stupid a.愚蠢的,迟钝的supporter n.支持者, 拥护者as usual 照常majority n.多数,大多数earnest a.热心的,诚挚的generally ad.通常, 一般地compensate v.补偿,赔偿fame n.名声power n.能力,动力,电力, goal n.目的,守门员,球门spiritual a.精神上的,心灵的rather than 而不是,胜于material n.材料,原料a.物质的customary a.习惯的,惯例的discard v.丢弃,抛弃check v.检查,制止dishonest a.不诚实的deny v.否认,否定,拒绝fulfillment n.履行, 实行impractical a.不切实际的admit v.让…进入,承认immoral a.不道德的, 邪恶的pursuit n.追赶,追求,职业closely ad.接近地relate v.叙述,讲述greedy a.贪吃的,贪焚的contemptible ad.可鄙的maintain v.维修,维持,主张secretly ad.秘密地, 背地里vigorously ad.精神旺盛地enthusiastically /ad.热心地, 狂热地momentarily ad. 即刻verbally ad.用言辞地, 口头地spiritually ad.在精神上地。

2005 Text 1vanish v.消失,消散colleague n.同事,同僚reputation n.名声,声望slack a.懈怠的,懒散的outrage n.愤怒vt.引起...义愤behavior n.行为,举止underlying a.潜在的,根本的assumption n.假定,设想capable a.有能力的,可以…的finely ad. 细微地, 美好地grievance n.委屈, 冤情, 不平brown n./a.褐色,棕色cute a.可爱的,伶俐的cooperative a.合作的,协作的creature n.人,动物,生物counterpart n.对应的人（或物）characteristic a.特有的n.特征,特性candidate n.候选人,候补者exchange v./n.交换,兑换,交易token n.表示,象征,信物piece n.（一）件,（一）片rock n.岩石v.摇,摇动slice n.薄片,切片cucumber n.黄瓜adjoin v.毗连,靠近chamber n.房间,室markedly ad.显著地, 明显地grape n.葡萄luxury n.奢侈,奢侈品preferable a.更可取的,更好的reluctant a.不愿的,勉强的toss v.向上扔,辗转反侧presence n.出席,存在induce v.引诱,引起,导致resentment n.怨恨, 愤恨emotion n.情绪,情感wild a.野生的,狂热的species n.物种,种类stable a.稳定的,安定的cheat v.欺骗,作弊righteous a.正直的, 正当的indignation n.愤怒,愤慨preserve v.保护,保存,保藏lesser a.较小的,次要的abundant a.丰富的,充裕的stem from 来源于ancestor n.祖宗,祖先contrast v.使与…对比n.对比comparison n.比较,对比jealous a.妒忌的,猜疑的incline v.倾斜,倾向于attentive a.注意的, 专心的instruction n.教授,指导,说明temperament n.气质, 性情（A）generous a.宽宏大量的,慷慨的companion n.同伴,共事者uncertain a.不定的,不确知的2005 Text 2doubter n.怀疑者inconclusive a.非决定的antismoking n.&a.反对吸烟(的)lobby n.门廊v.游说nonsense n.胡说,废话grave n.坟墓a.严重的upsetting a.令人心烦的,苦恼的parallel a.平行的n.类似awaken v.唤醒, 醒来, 唤起panel n.仪表盘,专门小组academy n学院,科学院enlist v.征募,征召,参军atmosphere n.大气,气氛,环境definitely ad.明确地, 干脆地preface n.序言,引言,前言critical a.批评的,紧要的judgment n.审判,判断concerning prep.关于quarter n.四分之一,地区incomplete a.不完全的pour v.灌,倒,注,倾泻fume n.烟, 气体,prudent a.谨慎的insurance policy 保险单fortunately ad.幸运地press v.压,按n.报刊,媒体classic n.杰作a.经典的paralysis n. 瘫痪, 麻痹steward n.乘务员,看护人oceanic a.海洋的inadequate a.不充足的,不适当的administration n.管理,行政机关legislative a.立法的initiative a.创始的n.创始,提案congress n. [C-]国会,议会conservation n.保存,保护,保守senator n.参议员incentive n.动机,刺激a.激励的promising a.有希望的,有前途的power plant 发电厂, 发电站sound n.声音a.稳妥的correlation n.相互关系,相关(性)insignificant a.无关紧要的endless a.无止境的, 无穷的investigation n.调查, 研究hinder v.阻止,妨碍extensive a.广大的,广阔的aid v.援助,帮助n.援助awareness n. 知道, 晓得associate v.使联系,交往,结合negligence n. 疏忽latter a.后面的pron.后者former a.以前的pron.前者applicable a.能应用的,适用的outcome n.结果,成果aggravate v.恶化,加重,加剧2005 Text 3component n.组成部分,成分logic n.逻辑,逻辑学suspend v.悬挂,暂停,中止formulate v.构想,系统地阐述revolutionary a.革命的n.革命者disguise n./v.假装,伪装shadow n.阴影,暗处,阴暗unconscious a.不省人事,无意识的neurologist n.神经学者neural a.神经系统的mental a.精神的,智力的random a.随机的n.随机,随意byproduct n. 副产品suspect v.疑心,怀疑n.嫌疑犯thermostat n.温度调节装置regulate v.管制,调节,调整mood n.心情,情绪,语气authority n.权力,威言,权威intense a.强烈的,热烈的harness v.治理,利用psychology n.心理学,心理vivid a.生动的,栩栩如生的equally ad.相等地, 平等地,limbic a. 边的, 缘的intellect n. 智力relatively ad.相关地,相对的depress v.压抑,使沮丧,低下link v.连接n.环节,链环clinic n.诊所generate v.产生,发生occupy v.占用,占据,使忙碌significance n.意义, 重要性recur vi.复发, 重现, 再来visualize vt.形象化, 想象literally ad.逐字地,确实panic n.恐慌,惊慌terrorism n.恐怖主义,恐怖统治uncertainty n.易变,不确定的事物insecurity n.不安全, 不安全感persistent a. 持久稳固的persist v.坚持,持续nightmare n. 梦魇, 恶梦therapist n.临床医学家,治疗师modify v.更改,修改,修饰susceptible a.易受影响的innermost a.最里面的, 内心的mechanism n.机械装置,机制aggravate v.恶化,加重,加剧rid v.使摆脱,使去掉progression n. 行进,发展（D）belong to v. 属于2005 Text4figure n.数字,图形,人物command n.命令,掌握gift n.礼品,天赋,才能aspire vi. 热望, 立志degradation n.降级, 降格, 退化linguist n.语言学家controversialist n.争论者controversy n. 论争,辩论,论战mixed a.混合的liberal a.慷慨的,自由的conservative a.保守n.保守主义者triumph n.胜利v.得胜,战胜counterculture n.反传统文化formal a.正式的,形式的informality n.非正式permissive a.许可的,泛滥的criticism n.批评,评论specialty/speciality n.专业,专长gradual a.逐渐的,逐步的disappearance n.不见, 消失regrettable a. 可叹的, 可惜的cult n.礼拜, 祭仪authentic a.真正的poetry n.诗歌,诗集modestly ad.谨慎地, 适当地elevate ` v.抬起,升高tone n.音调,语气capture v./n.捕获v.夺得,攻占performative a.(表)述行为的genre n. 类型, 流派liveliness n. 活泼oral a.口头的spontaneity n.自发性craft n.工艺,技巧entertaining a. 有趣的array n.一系列,排列document n.文件,文献unmistakable a.不会弄错的subtitle n. 副题variety n.种种,种类expressive a.表现的,有表现力的dialect n.方言convey v.运送,传达straight a.直的ad.直接,正直chunk n.大块,矮胖的人或物memorize v.记住, 记忆politician n.政治家,政客elaborate a.详尽的,精心的strictly ad.严格地, 确实地propose v.提议,提名,求婚grieve v.使悲伤,使伤心plate n.金属板,盘子,板appreciation n.感谢, 感激, 欣赏admiration n.钦佩, 赞美, 羡慕temporary a.暂时的,临时的permanent a.永久的,持久的artistic a.艺术的,美术的humble a.谦卑的,卑贱的。

考研英语历年真题例句详解含译文翻译1.orderly ['ɔ:dəli]a. 整齐的，有秩序的，有条理的n. 勤务兵【同义词】regular；straight【真题例句】Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks to study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena.（2003考研英语翻译）参考译文：社会科学是知识探索的一个分支，它力图像自然科学家研究自然现象那样，用理性的、有序的、系统的和冷静的方式去研究人类及其行为。

2.disorder [dis'ɔ:də]n. 混乱，杂乱；骚乱；失调，疾病[同义词]mess[真题例句]Women are particularly susceptible to developing depression and anxiety disorders in response to stress compared to men. （2008考研英语阅读Test1）参考译文：与男性相比，面对压力时，女性更容易患上抑郁和焦虑症。

3.ordinary ['ɔ:dinəri, -neri-]a. 普通的，平凡的，平常的；平庸的【同义词】usual；general；average【真题例句】Although mental health is the cure-all for living our lives, it is perfectly ordinary as you will see that it has been there to direct you through all your difficult decisions.（2016考研英语翻译）参考译文：虽然心理健康是我们生活的万灵丹，但它是也非常普通，因为你会发现它一直在指导你完成所有艰难的决定。

2002-2005 年考研英语阅读真题词汇2002年Text 1:1. identify v. 认出，识别；鉴定2. sympathy n. 同情；同感，共鸣3. In sympathy with 同意，赞同4. Point of view 观点5. address v. 与……说话，向……致辞6. alternatively adv. 二者择一地7. convention n. 大会；惯例；公约6. accommodations n. 住处，住所；适应；便利的设备，有帮助的事物7. stomp n./ v. 跺脚，践踏，重踏8. inedible adj. 不可食的9. passing adj. 经过的，短暂的，匆匆的，随便的，偶然的，及格的10. notorious adj. 声名狼藉的，臭名昭著的(贬义词) 11. resent v. 愤怒，怨恨，对……感觉不愉快如12. disparaging adj. 蔑视的，轻视的，毁谤的13. scapegoat n.替罪羊14. casual adj. 偶然的；漫不经心的15. off-the-cuff 即席的，未预备的(演说等)16. deliver v. 陈述；传递；释放；发表；分娩17. understatement n. 一种修辞手法，故意地轻描淡写18. privilege n. 优惠；特权v. 给予优惠或特权19. turn about 转变，改变意见，转身，反复思考20. intend v. 打算，意图21. shared adj. 共享的22. relevant adj. 相关的23. depend on 取决于24. comment v. 发表评论，发表意见vi.(to)25. polite adj. 礼貌的26. rush v. 使冲向，涌现27. grab v. 攫取，霸占28. stomp v.跺脚，重踩29. appropriate adj. 合适的30. passing adj. 暂时的31. inedible adj. 不能吃的32. notorious adj. 臭名昭著的33. attempt v.试图，尝试34. cut in 插嘴，插入（对话）35. resent v. 憎恨36. disparage v.毁谤，蔑视37. disparaging adj. 毁谤的，蔑视的38. stick to 坚持39. scapegoat n. 替罪羊40. awkward adj. 尴尬的41. casual adj. 非正式的，随意的42. off-the-cuff adj. 即席的43. unforced adj. 自然的，不勉强的44. deliver v. 发表（讲话）45. light-hearted adj. 轻松的，无忧无虑的46. unexpected adj. 意外的，想不到的47. exaggeration n. 夸张48. understatement n. 低调陈述49. pick out 挑选出50. inject v. 注射51. take advantage of 利用52. make fun of 取笑53. entitle v.授权，使有资格54. inappropriate adj. 不合适的55. well-worded adj. 精心措辞的Text 2：1. ingenuity n. 独创力；灵活性2. nasty adj. 肮脏的；讨厌的；下流的3. compulsion n.强迫，强制；难以抗拒的冲动，禁不住要做的事4. robotics n. 机器人学5. assembly n. 议会，立法机构；集合，集会；装配，安装，组装6. terminal adj./ n. 终端的，期末的；终端，终点站，(计算机的)终端设备7.miniaturization 小型化miniature adj./ n. 小型的；缩影8. instantaneously adv. 瞬间地9. neuroscientist n. 神经科学家10. gizmo n. 小物件，小发明；11. hum n./ v. (发出)嗡嗡声，嘈杂声12. cunning 聪明的，可爱的，狡猾的13. confer v. 商谈，商议，讨论14. submillimeter 小于毫米的sub-前缀，构成名词和形容词，表示“小于，低于，在……之下，副，亚，次”，15. fraction n. 少量，一点儿；(数学上的)分数，小数16. 和计算机相关的词汇：artificial intelligence 人工智能，在电脑上模拟人类智慧的科学transistor circuits 晶体管电路microprocessors 微处理器assembler 汇编程序batch processing 成批处理binary digit 二进位制flow chart 流程图latency time 等待时间17. dawn n. 开端；黎明18. devise v. 设计，发明19. tool n. 工具20. confer v. 授予、给予21. mechanical adj. 机械的22. Populate v. 填充，居住于23. Automated adj. 自动的24. Transaction n. 交易，事物25.ATM: automatic teller machine 自动取款机26. Tireless adj. 无线的27. Continual adj. 连续的28. Perform v. 执行，完成29. Accuracy n. 精准30. Precision n. 精确，精准31. Utility n. 功效，效用32. Operate v. 运行33. Supervision n. 监督、管理34. Handle v. 处理35. Pose v. 造成36. Specific adj. 特定的37. Reliable adj. 可靠的38. Interact v. 互相影响39. AI：artificial intelligence 人工智能40. Dynamic adj. 动态的、动力的41. Spell v. 魅力42. Initial adj. 最初的、自首的43. Optimism n. 乐观主义44. Appear v.似乎45. Transistor n. 晶体管46. Circuit n. 电路，回路47. Extend v. 延伸48. Forecast v. 预测49. Attempt v. 试图，尝试50. Complicated adj. 复杂的51. Talented adj. 有才能的52. Glimpse v. 瞥见、看见53. Recognize v. 认出、识别54. A fraction of 一部分，一小部分55. Instantaneous adj. 瞬间的、即时的56. Advanced adj. 先进的57. Disregard v. 忽视，漠视58. Irrelevant adj. 不相关的Text 3：1. OPEC 石油输出国组织即Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries2. scary adj. 引起惊慌的3. quadruple adj./ v./ n. 四倍的；使成四倍；四倍4. inflation n. 膨胀；通货膨胀5. gloom v./ n.阴暗；忧愁6. suspend v. 悬挂；延缓7. consequence n. 后果；重要性8. conservation n. 保护，保存；节约(自然资源)9. energy-intensive 能源密集型10. consumption n. 消费量，消耗11. consultancy n. 顾问工作；咨询业12. GDP 国民生产总值即Gross Domestic Product13. OECD 经济合作与发展组织即Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development 16. muted adj. (声音)弱化的，微弱不清的17. squeeze v. 压，挤，捏，榨18. supply-cut 供应减少19. triple v. 使成三倍20. previous adj. 先前的21. result in 导致22. inflation n. 通货膨胀23. doom n. 厄运，死亡24. export v. 进口25. grip v.紧握，夹紧26. hemisphere n. 半球27. consequence n. 影响、结果28. account for 说明...原因29. retail v. 零售30. pump price （油品）零售价格31. consultancy n. 顾问工作32. import v. 进口33. emerge v. 浮现、暴露34. excess adj. 额外的、过量的35. occur v. 发生36. commodity n. 商品37. sizable adj. 大小相当的38. broadly adv. 宽广地，广泛地39. reduction n.减少40. fluctuate v. 波动41. optimistic adj. 积极的，乐观的42. crude oil 原油Text 4：1. Supreme court 最高法庭2. Assist v. 协助3. Suicide n. 自杀4. Implication n. 含义，暗示5. Seek v. 寻找6. Relieve v. 解除、减轻7. Constitutional adj. 宪法的8. Support v. 支持9. Moral adj. 道德的10. Principle n. 原则11. Foresee v. 预见12. Permissible adj. 获得准许的13. Justify v. 证明合法14. Dose n. 剂量、一剂15. Morphine n. 玛咖16. Terminally adv. 最后，在末端17. Dosage n. 剂量、用量18. Contend v. 竞争、奋斗19. Shield v. 防御、保卫20. Insist v. 坚持，强调21. Hasten v. 加速、催促22. Sufficient adj. 足够的、充分的23. Medication n. 药物、药物治疗24. Prescribe v. 规定、开药方25. Legitimate adj. 合法的、正当的26. Homicide n. 杀人、杀人犯27. Risk v./n. 冒险28. Intend v. 打算、想要29. Medical community 医疗界30. Prolong v. 延长31. Agony n. 痛苦32. Identify v. 确定、识别33. Aggressive adj. 好斗的、侵略的34. Ineffectual adj. 无效的不起作用的35. Forced adj. 被迫的36. Procedure n. 程序37. Dishonor v. 拒付、丢脸38. Hospices n. 收容所、剂贫院39. Therapy n. 治疗、疗法40. Standard n. 标准41. Assess v. 评定、估价42. Well-meaning adj. 善意的、好心的43. Initiative n. 主动的、自发的44. Needless adj. 不必要的、不需要的45. Predictable adj. 可预测的46. Constitute v. 组成、构成47. Systematic adj. 系统的48. Presumptive adj. 假定得49. Incompetent adj. 无能力的、不胜任的50. Suspension n. 离职51. License suspension 吊销执照2003 年Text 1：1. spymaster n. 间谍组织首脑2. strategic adj. 战略的；对全局起关键作用的3. strategy n. 战略，策略4. lay the roots for 为……打下基础，扎根于5. fascinate v. 使着迷，强烈地吸引6. espionage n. 间谍活动7. give birth to 分娩；产生；造成8. spook n. 间谍；幽灵v. 使害怕，惊吓9. intelligence n. 情报；智力10. splash n./ v. 飞溅11. nonconformist 不遵守准则或规范的人，不墨守成规的12. lean v./ n. 倾斜，倚靠adj. 清瘦而健康的；(公司、组织等)节俭的，精简的；获利少的，13. by a wide/ large/ narrow margin 以较大或悬殊的优势/以微弱多数14. contest v. 竞争，争辩15. compile v. 编制，编译16. electronic adj. 电子的17. lay the root for 为...打下基础18. tool n. 工具19. spy v. 侦查，当间谍20. profession n. 职业21. reshape v. 重塑22. vocation n. 职业23. revolution n. 进化24. electronic adj. 电子的25. give birth to 产生，造成；生孩子27. influential adj. 有影响的28. margin n. 边缘，页面的空白29. mastery n. 精通，掌握30. corporation n. 公司31. prediction n. 预报，预言32. available adj. 可用的，可获得的33. reinforce v. 强调34. collection n. 收集35. distribution n. 分布36. vacuum v. 真空37. predict v. 预测38. rely on 依靠39. lean adj. 瘦的，贫瘠的40. lean staff 人员精简itary adj. 军事的42. background n.背景43. status n. 身份44. back-and-forth adj. 反复的45. avoid v. 避免46. dramatic adj. 戏剧的47. declaration n. 宣言48. emergence n. 出现，浮现49. restore v. 恢复50. remold v. 改造51. revive v. 复兴52. episode n. 插曲。

crutch英[krʌtʃ]美[krʌtʃ]∙n. 拐杖；支柱；依靠；胯部∙vt. 用拐杖支撑；支持[ 复数crutches 过去式crutched 过去分词crutched 现在分词crutching ]1. You should treat this as a crutch— necessary, but something you want to do without in the long run.应该将这当作一根临时需要的拐杖，但最后一定可以摆脱它。

2. With the right products and the right terms, these workers can still have access tothat crucial crutch.在合适的产品和合适的条款下，这些工人仍然可以得到这些重要的支柱。

3. Still, some researchers believe that non-nutritive sweeteners can be responsiblefor that crutch because sweetness, regardless of its source, begets an increaseddesire for sweet-tasting foods.有的研究者相信，“非营业性”甜味剂应该为这种“拐杖”负责，因为这样的甜味剂会使人产生对甜味越来越多的欲望，无论是哪种甜味剂；1. "But we are in a situation where even a little crutch can be helpful, " he said.2. The crutch of every bottle of Vitaminwater, for instance, is a host of B vitamins.3. Arwel Wynne Hughes, 27, from Holyhead, Anglesey, admitted assaulting Barney Jones and cousin Michael with a metal crutch.rely英[rɪ'laɪ]美[rɪ'laɪ]∙vi. 依靠；信赖[ 过去式relied 过去分词relied 现在分词relying ] 1. We don't rely on blessings from Heaven.我们不靠老天保佑。

词汇试题精选【1】1. I believe that happiness ______being easily pleased or satisfied. [2005]A. consists ofB. consist withC. consists byD. consists in2. They will ____the applications and pick out the best.[2005]A. look intoB. look afterC. look atD. look through3. I can’t _____books like those---they just make me sleepy. [2005]A. carryB. sufferC. appreciateD. take4. A successful business certainly sells its products _____.[2005]A. at lastB. at bestC. at any rateD. at a profit5. The professor’s speech _____a wide range of subjects from drug to women’s rights. [2005]A. containedB. coveredC. listedD. touched6. In this factory the machines are not regulated ______but are jointly controlled by a central computer system. [2005]A. independentlyB. individuallyC. similarlyD. irregularly7. They did not sell a single car for a month and had to ________workers. [2005]A. lay downB. lay behindC. lay offD. lay out8. Jenny is not in the ____for going to the party tonight. [2005]A. tempersB. conditionC. moodD. health9. The old building blend with the new ones in perfect ______, so a walk along Huaihai Road is an enjoyable discovery. [2005]A. harmonyB. orderC. controlD. action10. Marge’s bedroom was in a ____, with books and papers covering every possible surface. [2005]A. orderB. messC. rubbishD. disorder11. Why _____did you take the dog into the churchyard? {2005}A. on earthB. on the earthC. in earthD. in the earth12. Hangzhou is famous for the beautiful ____of West Lake. [2005]A. scenesB. viewsC. sightD. scenery13. Thank you for your postcards; it was very ___of you to send it. [2005]A. pleasedB. consciousC. responsibleD. considerate14. the twins are so much ____that it is difficult to tell one from the other. [2005]A. similarB. alikeC. sameD. like15. The revolutionary government acts on ____of the masses and against the privileged few. [2005]A. benefitB. sakeC. behalfD. advantage16. Have you access ____people who can help you get job? [2005]A. ofB. toC. withD. among17. She had clearly no _____of doing any work, although she was very well-paid. [2005]A. interestB. meaningC. intentionD. willingness18. A lorry ____Jane’s cat and sped away. [2005]A. ran overB. ran throughC. ran intoD. ran down19. The ____crown jewels are kept in the Tower of London. [2005]A. valuedB. valuelessC. invaluableD. worthy20. Kenya’s Tsavo Games Park ____Susan of the wildlife park she had visited in New jersey. [2005]A. remindedB. recalledC. receivedD. remembered21. The teacher ___the students on a tour through the art museum. [2004]A. madeB. indicatedC. forcedD. took22. Here is my card. Let’s keep in _____. [2004]A. touchB. relationC. connectionD. friendship23. The newspaper reported yesterday several _____on the boundaries of these countries. [2004]A. incidentsB. happeningsC. eventsD. accidents24. We have worked out the plan and now we must put it into _____. [2004]A. factB. realityC. practiceD. deed25. We have missed the last bus, I am afraid we have no ___but to take a taxi. [2004]A. wayB. possibilityC. choiceD. selection26. Luckily, most sheep _____the flood last month. [2004]A. enduredB. survivedC. livedD. passed27. My parents always let me have my own ____of living. [2004]A. wayB. methodC. mannerD. fashion28. I wonder why he ____to discuss the problem at the meeting. [2004]A. declinedB. rejectedC. refusedD. delayed29. According to a ____, the majority would rather have newspaper without a government than a government without newspaper. [2004]A. electionB. campaignC. pollD. vote30. They are often ____caring more about animals than human beings. [2004]A. accused ofB. accused withC. charged ofD. charged with31. George could not ____his foolish mistake. [2004]A. account inB. count onC. count forD. account for32. We came into this field late, so we must work hard to _____the lost time. [2004]A. make up forB. make outC. keep up withD. put up with33. The new law will come into ____on the day it is passed. [2004]A. effectB. useC. serviceD. existence34. Many countries are increasing their use of natural gas, wind and other forms of ______.[2004]A. energyB. sourceC. powerD. material35. We all know that ____speak louder than words. [2004]A. movementsB. performanceC. cooperationD. actions36. Peter planned to ____some money every month so that he can buy a used car next year. [2004]A. set asideB. set upC. set inD. set along37. Although I spoke to him many times, he never took any ___of what I said. [2004]A. attentionB. noticeC. warningD. observation38. Lynd and hundreds of young people like him ____the post of a typist. [2004]A. approachedB. applied forC. appealed toD. approved of39. The teacher’s ____t o my statement about this poet led me to read widely about poems. [2003]A. changeB. chargeC. challengeD. chance40. The solider was ___with neglecting his duty. [2003]A. chargedB. conductedC. committedD. exchanged41. I could tell he was surprised from the ___on his face. [2003]A. appearanceB. sightC. expressionD. explanation42. In this building each apartment could ____a family of six. [2003]A. houseB. coverC. makeD. include43. The police matched the fingerprints and found they were ____. [2003]A, equivalent B. identical C. similar D. equal44. Anybody is entitled to such a benefit ___of age or sex. [2003]A. regardlessB. whetherC. in spiteD. in case45.The doctor felt John’s arm to ____if the bone was broken. [2003]A. work outB. find outC. look atD. see out46. His laziness _____his failure in the final exam. [2003]A. gave upB. contributedC. resulted inD. distributed47. On most of the night, Jane, ___-reading letters from her boyfriend. [2003]A. stayed offB. stayed onC. stayed outD. stayed up48. When he explained it again, the students’ patience _____. [2003]A. ran overB. ran onC. ran outD. ran off49. When her neighbor Grandma Wang became ill, the girl often _____.[2003]A. fitted inB. worked outC. held backD. helped out50. I am not of those people who like s strenuous holiday; I believe in ____. [2003]A. took it easyB. taken it easyC. taking it easyD. taking it easily51. Their idea was to get us to ___the strike at once. [2003]A. call atB. call offC. call inD. call for52. My car ____so I had to come by bus. [2003]A. fell downB. broken downC. fell overD. turned away53. You should observe carefully how the audience ____his speech. [2003]A. reach toB. refer toC. react toD. relate to54. These famers got a good harvest last year, so they ____a big sum of money for new farm machine. [2003]A. set asideB. set aboutC. set upD. set back55. The bird flew into the air and was soon ____. [2003]A. out of sightB. in a hurryC. at a lossD. for good56. I know it is not important but I can’t help ____about it. [2003]A. to thinkB. thinkingC. and thinkD. being thought57. ___she is a likeable girl, she is very difficult to work with. [2003]A. SinceB. HoweverC. As far asD. While58. The solider was ____with neglecting his duty. [2003]A. chargedB. committedC. changedD. conducted59. They ___on a trip into the desert the following year. [2003]A. set inB. sent forC. set offD. sent off60. The doctor felt John’s arm to _____if the bone was broken. [2003]A. work outB. find outC. look atD. see out61. He just _____my suggestion at the meeting yesterday. [2003]A. put awayB. shut downC. showed offD. brushed aside62. His laziness ____his failure in the final exam. [2003]A. gave upB. contributedC. resulted inD. distributed63. The teacher’s ___to my state ment about this poet led me to read widely about poems. [2003]A. changeB. chargeC. challengeD. chance64. When he explained it again and again the student’s patience _____. [2003]A. ran overB. ran onC. ran outD. ran off65. When her neighbor became ill, the girl often_____.[2003]A. fitted inB. worked outC. held backD. helped out66. If you really want to apply for the dangerous job, I won’t _____though I think it is a crazy idea. [2003]A. stood in your wayB. stand on the wayC. stand in your wayD. stand by the way67. She told her little brother ____her hand rightly while they were crossing the street. [2003]A. hold on toB. holding on toC. hold on toD. to hold on to68. Their idea was to get us to ____the strike at once. [2003]A. call atB. can offC. call inD. call for69.I would like to take this opportunity to express my sincere ____of your help. [2003]A. appreciationB. appearanceC. preparationD. appointment70. When the ship was caught in a strong storm at the sea the captain ____a danger signal. [2003]A. sent forB. sent offC. sent outD. sent around71. You’d better hurry, ___you might be late for class. [2003]A. orB. andC. unlessD. but72. If you don’t mind, I ___do my homework than play cards with you. [2003]A. had betterB. preferC. would ratherD. would like73. Unable to defend themselves, some Asian countries were once _____the mercy of the imperialist powers. [2002]A. inB. toC. onD. at74. You will find it worthwhile to keep ____good terms with the supervisor of your department. [2002]A. atB. onC. inD. to75. Criticism and self-criticism is necessary ____it helps us to find and correct our mistakes. [2002]A. by thatB. at thatC. on thatD. in that76. The summer just ___to be the best in my life because there was the challenge and enjoyment of working with children on an American summer camp. [2002]A. ruled outB. made outC. turned outD. reached out77. The man had a good disguise, but as soon as he spoke he _____himself. [2002]A. exposedB. revealedC. betrayedD. disclosed78. My niece Alice is ____in her way of living and always spends more money than is reasonable. [2002]A. luxuriousB. distinguishedC. extravagantD. sophisticated79. Do not be afraid of bees. They do not normally ____without being provoked. [2002]A. stingB. biteC. thrustD. prick80. More waste materials have to be _____of, which cause pollution of the land, sea and air. [2002]A. detachedB. dismissedC. desertedD. disposed81. Fred was _____in the alley last night, and all his money was taken away. [2002]A. held backB. held offC. held upD. held on82. Soccer is the most truly international team sport, but there is still some question ______whether it should be called a game or open warfare. [2002]A. due toB. as toC. in addition toD. owing to83. John Smith Community College is an open-door educational institution _____to providing higher education to all who can benefit. [2002]A. promisedB. requiredC. aimedD. committed84. Hangzhou is known as a great tourist _____to many foreigners. [2002]A. attentionB. attractionC. focusD. concentration85. They felt _____to the others until the team’s international success gave them some pride, [2002]A. betterB. worseC. superiorD. inferior86. Such a change would not ______to the wishes of the great majority of people. [2002]A. confirmB. conformC. transformD. inform87. Their marriage _____when she found her husband was having an affair with another woman. [2002]A. fell apartB. worn outC. knocked downD. wiped out88. The ruling class had long been _____to the peasants, which led to the r evolution. [2002]A. opposedB. indifferentC. contraryD. sensitive89. The use of coal and oil for fuel should be limited, _____the world’s supply will soon run out. [2002]A. as long asB. as far asC. or soD. or else90. Being both spoilt and lazy, he _____everyone else for his lack of success. [2002]A. accusedB. chargedC. criticizedD. blamed91. It took some explaining for the professor to _____his point to his students. [2002]A. get upB. get inC. get acrossD. get out92. The government has several plans ____to solve the problem. [2002]A. in a wayB. by the wayC. under wayD. in the way93. If a man is easily taken in by emotional traps, he will not be able to make ____judgments. [2002]A. sensitiveB. sensibleC. sentimentalD. sensational94. Hans thinks he knows English well but, _____, he speaks very poorly. [2002]A. as a resultB. as a ruleC. as a matter of factD. as yet95. ____they play like champions, but usually they are a losing team. [2002]A. At a timeB. At one timeC. At no timeD. At times96. _____their difference, the couple were developing an obvious and genuine affection for each other. [2002]A. But forB. For allC. Except forD. Above all97. The possession of language enables man to _____his wisdom and experience to his children and grandchildren. [2002]A. pass awayB. pass offC. pass byD. pass on98. After a day’s work, they may feel ____to relax themselves by reading or watching TV.A. inclinedB. intendedC. declinedD. subjected99. ____being fun and good exercise, swimming is a very useful skill. [2002]A. Aside fromB. In additionC. But forD. Far from100. The neighbors do not consider him quite _____as most evenings he awakens them with his drunken singing. [2002]A. respectedB. respectfulC. respectiveD. respectable101. Generally speaking, all kinds of materials will expand when heated but will ___when cooled. [2002]A. contrastB. contractC. confuseD. contact102. I just met her _____on the way home from the bookstore. [2002]A. on purposeB. by accidentC. in accidentD. in case103. I don’t know about him, _____comment on him behind his back. [2002]A. let aloneB. let goC. leave aloneD. leave out104. Mary ____all foolish comments and kept on working. [2002]A. excludedB. ignoredC. deniedD. discharged105. I agree with him _____, but not entirely. [2002]A. until a certain pointB. to some extentC. to some pointD. until a certain extent106. People in some parts of the world often take their water for ____. They use as much water as they wish. [2002]A. grantedB. sureC. certainD. pleasure107. Color blind people often find it difficult to _____between blue and green. [2002]A. separateB. compareC. contrastD. distinguish108. Thousands of people in the city ____to welcome the visiting guests. [2002]A. turned offB. turned upC. turned outD. turned over109. In the _____of many parents, standards of education in the public school are actually falling. [2002]A. ideaB. thoughtC. opinionD. principle110. He _____that his guests were bored, although they were listening politely. [2001]A. impressedB. sensedC. inferredD. identified111. They have equipped the office with _____business machines. [2001]A. lastB. latterC. latestD. later112. An open-minded teacher doesn’t always ______one single teaching method. [2001] A. seta side B. take over C. take on D. stick to113. The police found the George has still another _____of income. [2001]A. originB. sourceC. basisD. means114. The sad news broke her ___ands she has been gloomy ever since. [2001]A. feelingsB. emotionsC. mindD. heart115. The new engineer’s suggestions were ____in the revised plan. [2001]A. entitledB. engagedC. embodiedD. estimated116. He ____meet her former instructor on the bus. [2001]A. delighted toB. happened toC. likely toD. tended to117. None of the servants were _______ when Mr. Smith wanted to send a message.[2001]A) available B) approachable C) attainable D) applicable118. The bridge was named ______ the hero who gave his live for the cause of the people. [2001]A) after B) with C) by D) from119. The engine _______ smoke and steam. [2001]A) gives up B) gives in C) gives away D) gives off 120. The rain was heavy and _______ the land was flooded. [2001]A) consequently B) continuously C) constantly D) consistently 121. I’m afraid we shall have to call off the match the bad weather.A. on account ofB. on account forC. account forD. account of122. D on’t ________ this news to the public until we give you the go-ahead.[2001]A) release B) relieve C) relate D) retain123. We _____ to get what we want, anyway. [2001]A. operatedB. managedC. controlledD. handled124. He stood waving until the train was out of ______.[2001]A. sceneB. sightC. glimpseD. reach125. The desks and chairs can be ______ to the height of each child. [2001]A. adjustedB. adoptedC. measuredD. objected。

1997完形-临时劳动力Part1 单词1、agency n.代理处，政府特种机构agent n.代理人；产生某种效果的力量2、stride v.大踏步走stripe n.条纹slip v.滑3、pension n.养老金v.发给(某人)退休金4、disposable a.一次性的；用完即丢的5、flow n.表示人和物朝特定方向流动6、fashion n.一季一变的时尚潮流v.伪造7、instantly ad.立即，即刻8、whereas conj.然而，而Part2 短语1、by\through the agency of sth.\sb. 由于或通过某人\某事物的作用2、pension sb. off 准予或迫使某人退休并发给退休金3、if only 但愿；要是...就好了only if 只要，只有4、Provided (that)... 假如，除非，表示条件5、impose burdens upon\on 对...强加负担6、for instance 例如Part3 语法1、表示原因as ：语气最弱，往往附带说明for ：表示主观判断，一般放于句尾，前有“,”since ：表示既成事实，放于句首，译为“既然”because ：语气最强as 随着...；当... 兼具“因果”和“对比”的含义Text 1-安乐死法案Part1 单词1、measure n.正式的措施2、physician n.医师3、alike ad.同样地4、bitterly ad.憎恨地；猛烈地5、haste n.匆忙，仓促6、passage n.(议案、法案)的通过7、deliberate v.思考a.故意的；深思熟虑的8、deadly a.致命的9、certificate n.证明，证明书10、claw vi.&vt.抓11、haunting a.萦绕的Part2 短语1、take a vote 进行表决2、pick up sth. 见到、看到；学习3、sink in 被完全理解4、leave sb. doing sth. 使某人处于不停做某事的状态5、moral and practical implications 伦理和实际的影响6、breath sighs of relief 如释重负7、be responsible for 对...负责8、take effect=effect-taking 生效，起作用9、the haunting fear 挥之不去的恐惧10、from a spiritual point of view 从精神层面的角度看11、claw at (用爪子）抓Text 2-“美国人友好待人”现象Part1 单词1、courteous a.有礼貌的2、consistently ad.一致地continuously ad.持续地persistently ad.持续地consist 组成consist in 存在于3、small-minded a.狭隘的4、ill-mannered a.态度恶劣的5、existence n.生活、生活方式(尤指艰苦生活)6、diversion n.消遣；转移diversions n.娱乐diversity n.多样性7、frontier n.边疆8、cabin n.小木屋9、settlement n.定居点10、shape v.形成；决定...进程11、entertain v.招待12、superficial a.表面的artificial a.虚假的13、value v.重视14、various a.各种的15、exclusively ad.排他的,仅仅16、harsh a.严酷的harshness n.恶劣17、charitable a.慈善事业的；慷慨的Part2 短语1、to be fair 说实话2、consist in 存在于3、make an observation of ... 对...做出评价=observation be made of ...4、distant from one another 彼此相距甚远5、the harsh realities 严酷现实6、turn to 求助于7、on the part of sb. 就...而言8、take in 收留，接待接受，吸收包括领会，理解欺骗take in （one’s）stride 轻松应对9、not a matter of choice 别无他法10、in view of 考虑到，鉴于11、charitable organization 慈善机构12、tourist trails 旅游线路13、to do with 与...有关14、... be true of sth.\sb. ...对某人或某事成立15、not necessarily 未必16、a brief encounter 短暂的邂逅17、expect ... from ... 期望从...得到...18、exercise an influence over 对...施加影响Text 3-物质滥用Part1 单词1、technically ad.从严格意义上讲；技术上2、functioning n.机能3、intense a.强烈的4、perceptual a.知觉的perpetually a.永恒的5、distortion n.扭曲6、symptom n.症状7、pervasive n.无所不在8、sociable a.好交际的9、constructive a.有助益的；建设性的10、mark v.标志，以...为特征11、discontinue v.停止12、stimulant n.兴奋剂depressant n.镇定剂hallucinogen n.致幻剂hallucination n.幻象13、radically ad.极端地;彻底地; 根本地; 完全地;14、primary a.首要的；重要的；基本的Part2 短语1、bodily or mental functioning 生理或心理机能2、intense perceptual distortions 严重的知觉错乱3、withdraw symptoms 戒断症状4、get going 开始做某事；保持活力5、be marked by ... 以...为特征6、one’s state of consciousness 某人的意识状态Part3语法表示暗含因果关系的动词1、accelerate 加速2、speed up 加速3、hasten 加快4、increase 增加5、quicken 加快6、step up 加强7、stimulate 刺激8、assist 帮助9、help 帮助10、advance 推进11、push 推12、promote 促进13、facilitate 使便利14、encourage 鼓励15、boost 助推Text 4-道德抨击Part1 单词1、manifestation n.明显迹象，表现2、tell v.警告，告诫eg. No company likes to be told.3、late a.已故的；晚的；迟的ad.最近；在晚期4、front n.前方，前线5、cable n.有线电视6、flap n.大众批评；帽沿v.拍打7、defend v.捍卫8、latitude n.自由度；活动空间；纬度9、disputable a.有争辩的；质疑的10、verse n.一节，指主歌chorus n.副歌11、struggle n.难题12、hard-line a.执着的，坚持立场的Part2 短语1、creative freedom 创作自由2、on the financial front 在财务方面3、close a deal 达成协议4、make life easier for sb. 使某人的日子好过点5、on the grounds of ... 以...为依据6、lie in 在于7、back off 放弃stick to 坚持（常与stand<立场>连用）8、balance struggle 平衡难题9、launch a drive 发起一项运动10、be supportive of 支持Text 5-经济结构Part1 单词1、lag n.时间差，迟缓2、blackened a.变黑3、faulty a.有缺陷的，有故障的4、front n.前方，前线5、boast v.自夸6、given prep.（表示原因）考虑到7、measure n.计量制，度量法8、thrilling a.令人兴奋的9、defective a.有缺陷的10、up-end v.颠倒Part2 短语1、liken ... to ... 将...比作...2、the conduct of sth. ...的经营方式3、monetary policy 货币政策4、boast about 夸耀5、of late 最近，近来6、flash in the pan 昙花一现7、over the past couple of years 在过去几年里8、take off 起飞（引申为数据飙升）9、the natural rate of unemployment 自然失业率10、powerful structural changes 结构的巨大变化翻译-动物权利Part1 单词1、ground-clearing a.全新的，创新的2、assume v.假定，以...为基础3、follow v.遵循；采用；按照；认为4、entitlement n.权益；权利；津贴5、exactly ad.恰好地6、absurd a.荒唐的，可笑的abstract a.抽象的7、account n.说法，描述；解释8、uncontested a.无争议的；无竞争的contest v.&n.质疑；竞争9、sentimental a.伤感的10、intuition n.直觉instinct n.本能；直觉instinctive a.直觉的11、equivalent a.相当的，相同的12、reject v.拒绝，摒弃13、ethical a.伦理的14、engage v.占用(时间)；吸引(注意)；引起(同情)；从事于；订婚15、consideration n.考虑；关心Part2 短语1、put question 提问2、an agreed account 共识，一致的看法3、to be sure 的确，当然4、by no means 决不，无论如何都不5、at the outset 一开始6、extend consideration to ... 对...表示关心extend to ... 提供，给予；扩展7、at all 根本8、either ... or ... 要么...要么...9、regard for 对...的注意；考虑到10、chop wood 劈柴11、in turn 依次in return 作为回报12、instinct for ... ...方面有天分13、weigh sth. against\with sth. 仔细考虑，权衡14、in action 起作用；在运转写作-烟草消费Part1 推荐短语1、smoking-related problems 吸烟引起的问题2、passive smoker 被动吸烟者3、chain smoker 烟瘾很大的人4、cigarette ends 烟头5、respiratory diseases 呼吸疾病6、endanger security of people’s lives andproperties 危害生命财产安全7、throughout the world 全世界8、die ofdie from 死于9、to our great relief 令我们欣慰的是10、maintain this trend 保持趋势11、the world population 世界人口12、heavy smoker 老烟民13、a powerful engine for economic development 经济增长的强大动力14、as indicated by ... 如...所示15、be aware of ... 知道16、account for 占(比例)Part2句式1、As an important cause for economic losses and health risks, tobacco cons umption is always a hot issue in our society.译：烟草消费作为造成经济损失和健康风险的重要原因，一直是社会关注的热点问题。

Controver 被议论的Perplexing 令人费解的Mischievous 有害的/恶作剧的Assessment 评估Illusion 幻影Diligent 孜孜不倦/勤奋的Inexorable /without anything can stop Marvel /对什么表示惊讶Stylish 时髦的Evo 前夕Ornament 装饰品Solely /only/singleCricket 板球Knight 爵士Honore 受奖Upholstere 室内装饰业者Elaborate 布局精美Horizon 地平线Prominent /importantPatent 专利Controversial 争论的/被议论的Abuzz /fill wih noiseEliminate /to remove/take away Curp 限制Approving /agreeMutual-fund 共同基金Stake 留出/划出Attorney /lawyerMinority /a smaller number Intuitively 本能Compelling /must acceptDerive /to get /to come from Plausible /seeming likely tobe true Embrace /huge/acceptCursory /quick and not detail Anecdotal 轶闻Stem /certral part Acquaintance 相识的人Initial /beginningCascade 瀑布/激流Propagate /to reproduce Resistant /combatDynamics /energetic and forceful Manipulating /control/利用Scene /theatre/film Accounting 会计Setter 安置者Moan 呻吟/complainFetch /get ,sell.hitLobbying 大厅/游说Proper /real/satisfactory Function /purpose/work Bruising /伤痕的Encounter with 遭到/受到Flexibility 灵活Instantly 立刻Overall 全局Vacuum 真空Overstate 过高/夸大Reluctant /not very willing Bargain 廉价Attractive 动人的Concession 让步Neglect /to give not enough careSatisfaction /爽Charity /kindnessConcert /协议/音乐会Urgently /important Appreciate /赞赏Donation 捐赠物Fundamental 根本性Pilot 向导/导航/飞行员Routine 惯例/常规程序Paradoxical 自相矛盾Dismissing /decide that is not imp Inherently 内在的/固有的Bother /make an effect Procedure 程序/手续Fascination 着迷/魅力Collaboratively 合作的Adolescence 青春期Foster 培养Perpetuate 永久Mechanical /without thoughtWise /clever Paternal /father Confirm /make certain Purchase /buy Prescription 处方Passionate 热情的Saliva 唾液Swabbing 药签Candidate 候选人Ancestry 血统Lineage 世系Chromosome 染色体Inherite 遗传的Overlap 重叠的Priority 优先的Recession 经济衰退Pre-bubble 泡沫前Deride 嘲笑Counterpart 对应的人Illiterate 文盲Humanity 人类Sufficient /enough for Constrain /limitsDiscipline /subject/training Thoroughly 完全的Attach 参与Puritan 清教徒Distinctive 独特的Circumstance /an event /环境Virtuosity 精湛技巧Impressive 感人的Extensive /covering large area Earnestness 严肃地Servant 佣人Craftman 手工艺人Superstious 迷信的Frustration 沮丧/失望Settle /deal withSermon 说教Mock /laugh at /artificial Illusory /not realProspect /possibility/search Suspert /thinkAspect 方面/外观Affirm 断言Incompatible 不一致的Undesirable 未被认可的Susceptible /easily influence Depression /very little business Veteran 老手Hormone 激素/荷尔蒙Trigger /to cause/to start/扳机Tolerating 容忍/忍耐Worn 用完的/用尽的Visibly 显而易见Chronic /continue for a long time Domestic /homeDevast 毁灭Obligation 义务/责任Durable 持久的/耐久的Trivial /have little valueInequality /unfairStraightforward /easy to understand/simple Submit 使屈服/使服从Affiliation 附属关系Subscribe 预定/订阅/捐助Restricting /限制/规定Far-reaching 深远的Endeavor 努力Specializing 专攻/专注Scholarly 学术的Identified 确定Archive 档案馆Hybrid 杂种/混血儿Facilitate /to make possible or easy Submission 服从屈服Dramatically 戏剧性的/显著地Uniform 制服/sameObscuring /unclear and difficult to understand Apparently /in factRecruit 聘用Nutrient 营养品Notably 格外的Tissue /cellsSecular 世俗的Prevention 预防Upright 直立的Bipedal 两足的Constraint 约束/限制Anthropologist 人类学家Dentist 牙科医生Cherry 樱桃Compromise 让步妥协Fragile /easy damaged /broken or harmly Infancy 幼年/初期Hamper /cause diffculty/妨碍/阻碍Clause 条款Formula 公式Approximately /almost but not complete Approval /grant/agree/acceptPrestige /respectRegard /to considerPeculiar /strange/particularCertificate /an offical document about all your ifm Tournament /compationQuirk /odd,unusual habitStamina 耐力Conceive /pregrantDigit 阿拉伯数字Span /spaceConclude /to end/to judgeCognitive 认知的/认识的Intuitive 本能的/直觉的Swamp /fall inDeliberate /think slowly and usually carefully Feedback 反馈Statistic 同计数值Starting /amazingAssertion 断言Trait 一点点/特点,特征Hysteria 歇斯底里Concentration 集中,注意力/浓度Supplement /add to something in order important Feature /important partVerbal /spokenEnvision /imagicDeduce 推断Fondness /likingCoincidence 巧合Elud /to escape fromEncompasses /includePrimarly /mainScale /measureMultiplying 增加/相乘Capture 吸引/逮捕Assess /to judgeToile 辛苦工作/艰苦的进行Testify /proofSkeptical /doubtImpartial 全面的/公平的Diagnosis /judgment about illness problem Spouse /law a preson’s husband or wife Stripe 条纹Budget 预算Setback 挫折Fluctuation 波动Harsh 令人不爽的Campaign 战役/运动Guarante 抵押物Deductible 可减去的Demographics 人口统计学Perspective 观点/透视法Wholesale 批发Overburden 使负担太重Pension 养老金Sort out /deal withFeeble /weak/without energyAgenda 会议事项Variety /typeDiverse 种类不同的Intricate 错综复杂Vulnerability /easy to hurt /easy to break Asset 资产Shareholder 股东Proper /real/suitableRedundancy 解雇/失业Penalty /punishmentVictim 被害人Astray /away from correct path /失落Essential /necessaryCope /combatDismiss 打发走/解散Interpret /explain the meaning /expressAssume /without proofWandering 漫游的/错乱的Manipulation /handle or controlRegulation /an official ruleUniformity /similar to each otherDiscourse /communication in speech or writing Casualness /not interestedElegant /graceful and stylish in appearanceIntimate /personalCater to 迎合Elevate /raise or lift upPoisonous /very harmfulUnprecedented /never having happened/existed in the past Prior /earlierResident 居民/居住的Indice /of indexProficient /skilled and experiencedHence /that’s the reasonImmune 免疫力Turbulent 骚乱的Deteriorating /to become worseAssimilating /to take in /become similarExert /to use /make an effortRewarding 有益的/有价值的Fruitless 毫无意义的Distinctly /clearly Increasingly 日益的/逐渐的Superb /high qualityRevenue /incomeSandal 沙滩鞋Council 镇议会Contribute 投资/贡献Subsidy 投资Lounge /roomDecorate 装饰Attendance 出席Occupy 使忙碌的Lean 瘦得Dedicate 专注的Bun /breadDetach 单独的/分离的Deserve /to be earned /to be give Prehistoric 史前的Extinct /no longer existingEstimate /judgment of the size Biomass 生物量Predator 掠食性动物Exploitation 开发开采Vessel /a large boat or ship Bait 诱惑Trap 诱捕Shark /a very large teech fish Hook 钓钩Detect /discover Conservative /retainSuffer /victim /受害者Weird /very strangeFocusPhony /fakeMisery 苦痛/悲惨Disaster /great harm/damage Massacre /kill a lot of people Innocent 无罪的/franklyDepicting 描绘/叙述Ideology 意识形态Bummer 失败/失望Commercial /businessLure /bait/trapDistasteful /dis+tasteful (有品位) Incline /tendReceptor 接收器Vanish /disappear /never see it again Colleague 同事Reputation /the opinion about sb Slack /looseOutrage /violentAssumption 假定Grievance /complainCounterpart /相似的Cucumber 黄瓜Chamber /bedroomReluctant /not very willing to do sth Toss /to throwInduce /to causeResentment /to be angry Indignation /to be angryRighteous /fairPreserve /keepStem /originEvolve /to developRival /hostilJealous /嫉妒Inconclusive /not leading to any result Lobby /the entrance of a buildingGrave 坟墓Upset /feeling unhappy Parallel /平行/类似Panel 专题小组Enlist 使参加Fume /dangerous gas/smoke Prudent /精细地/谨慎的Steward 管事Legislative 立法Initiative /first action Incentive 鼓励/诱发的Promise 有希望的Crucial /very important Correlation 关联Insignificant /not important Hinder /to limitMeasure 措施Applicable 适用的Aggravate 恶化的Component 组成的Switch /changeByproduct 副产品Thermostat 自动调温器Intensely 强调Harness /to control/to use Limbic 边缘的Relatively 相对的Recurring 反复出现Modify 改进的Innermost 最内部的Sentient 有感觉的Aspire /to have an strong desire Degradation 破坏/恶化Linguist 语言学家Controversialist 善辩者Liberal 自由主义者Permissive 自由的/随意的Regrettable /pityCult 热爱者Genre 类型/风格Oral 口头的Spontaneity 自动发起的Elaborate /contain a lot of detailsGrieve 悲伤/使悲伤Propose /suggestRadical 极端地Modesty 羞愧/谦虚/正派Interactive 互相作用Criteria /standardProperty /things ownedResume /short statement of sthCounsel /give some adviseDrawback /disadvantageAbreast 赶得上Negotiating 磋商Compensation 补偿Condemn /be punishment /be going to be killed Insidious /sth unpleasant or dangerousThrive /to growSuspiciously /easy to be doubted Respectively 个别的/各自的Rot /to decayInfant /young childJunior /youngQualification 素质Humiliation 耻辱/羞愧Ceremony 典礼Literally 严格的/实在的Ballot 选票Recipient /a person who receives something Plough 奋力Conspicuous /very noticeableSubtle /not loudImpatient 不耐烦的Indicator 指示器Suburban /far away the cityLagging 缓慢Pace 节奏Panicked /strong feeling of anxiety and fear Modest 适度的Dreadful /very badRegion /areaPredominantly /mainBonuses 奖励Frenzy 暴怒/狂乱Overbidding 出价高于—价格Ingredient 成色/要素Panic 恐慌Intellect 学识Sake 缘故/关系/目的Symptom /征兆/症状Pervasive /popReject /to refuseParticipate /take part in Resent /to be angry about Urge /pulseNoble 贵族/不易腐蚀的Bellyful 肚子Recitation 背诵Preserve /to keepInnate /which you are born with Reluctantly 不情愿的/勉强的Proclaim 公开宣誓Complementary 互补的Identical 完全相同的Identify 确认Fascinate /to interest someone very much Espionage /action of spyV ocation /job/careerInfluential /to change what happensCompile /collectMargin /blankPrivate /complete control of something Mutually /each otherDistribution 分配/分发Dramatic /戏剧的Declaration /宣告/陈述Episode /event /插曲Paraphrase /short briefTriumph /a victoryAllegation /a state man without giving any proof Perplex /very confuseDeliberate /on purposeBooth /电话亭/摊位Brochure /小册子Vaccine /预防针Epidemic /传染病Compassionate /feeling sympathy for people Molecular /分子Deceptive /欺骗Extinguish /to put out a lightEmber /火种Inevitable /unable to be avoidedVicious /邪恶的Discontent / 不满Indifference /un fascinate /not interest Ignorance /foolishStrive /struggleCure /therapyEnthusiast /狂热Merge /combineConcern about /take careHeighten /to increaseCoordinate /to make different work like a whole Substantial /成本Bulk /largeness /massFierce /激烈的Consolidation /reinforce /加强Captive /be limitedJustify / 证明/有理Discrimination /区别/find the different Subscribe /supportFlourish /boomArbiter /refereeSurging /great movementBid / 出价Indifferent /漫不关心Indignant /否定Apprehensive /anxious/uneasySupervise /managerFunction /the dutyPressing /needing to be deal with immediately Clinical /临床的Cataract /白内障Confront /face to faceDisintegrate /destroy into small pieces Perish /to dieObvious /clearlyFrustrate /泄气的/失望的Unsustainable/ un+sustainReverse /to go backwardsConclude /determineInfirm /needing careRoutinely /日常的/普遍的Dazzling /令人刮目相看的Humbler /no importantTherapy /治疗Contempt /轻视Relevant /directly relatingAlternatively /反之Convention /meetingAccommodation /sw to live or stayStomp /heavy stepInedible /not suitable as foodCanteen /食堂Appropriate /right /suitableNotorious /famous because of being bad Disparaging /contemptScapegoat /替罪羊Awkward /difficult to use/or deal with Casual /not planned or arrangedDeliver /expressTwist /缠绕Quote /引用Exaggeration /夸张Privilege /特权Inappropriate /not suitableIngenuity /very cleverDevise /designCunning /狡猾Cope /deal withBoring /无聊Nasty /not pleasant to see /to smell Compulsion /very strong desire Mechanical /力学的/无意识的Fiction /story which written about imaginary Gizmos /deviseRhythm /trueAssembly /gathering/ putting together Transaction /交易业务Surgery /medical operation Supervision /指导Challenge /挑战Specific /具体的Dynamic /精力充沛的Quest /a long search for something Spell /periodInitial /beginningTransistor /a small electrical device Forecast /预言Talented /a natural abilityPerception /感知Complicate /to make difficult to deal with Fraction /部分Glimpse /瞄一眼Suspicious /可疑的Scary /frightening/cause fearPrevious /beforeSuspend /to delay or stop something Muted /not loud but lightly Conservation /the saving and protectConsultancy /医师职务Squeezed /to press something (press together) Gloomy /hopelessnessConstitutional /宪法的Principle /原则的Permissible /the right to do somethingDose /剂量Morphine /吗啡Hasten /make sth happen soonPrescribe /处方Homicide /杀人犯Dishonor /耻辱Competent /有资格的Guilty/crimeInadequate /too low in quality /not good enough Bold /大胆的Desperate /risky/seriousSplit up /to breakConnotation /诠释/暗示Comparison /a like or differentReveal /showIncorporate /includeReinforce /to support an opinionReckoned /to guessCrucial /very importantStructure /a building or framework Widen /become bigCombat /fighting/to try to stop something Poverty /poorDefeat /winAnti-colonial /反殖民Sovereignty / 主权Infrastructure /base deviceHead-scratching /perplexTemplates /纸样/模型Plug /插头Conventional /usual type /习惯Backbone /spineSurvey /调查Metropolitan /big cityMaid / 女佣Clash /fight/disagreeDeclining /衰退中的Vastly /hugeAnnoy /干扰Dedicate /专注的/献身的Diversity /different thingsSuperficial /shallow/肤浅的Contradictory /矛盾的Sweep /more quicklyHyperactive /过度活跃的Affiliate /跨国机构Segment /分成若干份Role /dutyMassive /very largeBarrier /界限Detrimental /un+ advantageScanty /smaller in size than consider necessary Strict /严格的Infringement /obeySurplus /more than you needPessimistic /悲观的Prompt /quickly without delayProgress /进展/进步Preach /to give a religious talkPassionate /with very strong feeling Advocate /提倡者Philosophy /哲学Settle / 安排/解决Resignation / 辞职Doctrine /教义/a beliefJuggling /欺诈的Ironically /冷嘲笑的Bred /产生/引起Thrift /avoid waste Acquaintance /了解Urge /adviseMythical /a strong desire Compelled /强迫Circumstance /现状Eager /want very much to do /have Emerge /show。

考研真题单词2000为了提高考研英语词汇的掌握程度，考生们经常会借助真题进行复习。

本文将列举2000年以来的考研英语真题中所涉及的一些常见单词，以供考生们参考。

一、高频词汇1. analyze（v.）分析2. approach（n.）方法，途径3. concept（n.）概念4. data（n.）数据5. evaluate（v.）评估，评价6. impact（n.）影响7. strategy（n.）策略8. technique（n.）技术，方法9. trend（n.）趋势10. theory（n.）理论二、考研真题中涉及的其他单词在考研真题中，除了高频词汇外，还涉及了很多其他的单词，以下是一些例子：1. accelerate（v.）加速2. allocate（v.）分配，分派3. comprehensive（adj.）全面的，综合的4. criteria（n.）标准，准则5. demonstrate（v.）证明，展示6. enhance（v.）提高，增强7. facilitate（v.）促进，便利8. fundamental（adj.）基本的，根本的9. hypothesis（n.）假设，猜想10. implement（v.）实施11. justify（v.）证明...是正当的12. mechanism（n.）机制13. objective（n.）目标14. parameter（n.）参数15. reinforce（v.）加强，巩固16. simulate（v.）模拟17. crucial（adj.）关键的，至关重要的18. obstacle（n.）障碍19. counterpart（n.）相对应的人或物三、复习方法与技巧1. 单词记忆- 制作单词卡片，背诵与熟悉每个单词的拼写、发音和定义。

- 利用单词记忆软件进行复习。

- 将单词分类整理，方便记忆和联想。

2. 阅读真题- 阅读考研真题中的英语文章，特别是与考研英语单词相关的文章。

^| You have to believe, there is a way. The ancients said:" the kingdom of heaven is trying to enter". Only when the reluctant step by step to go to it 's time, must be managed to get one step down, only have struggled to achieve it.-- Guo Ge Tech2000年1月In a telephone survey of more than 2，000 adults，21% said they believed the sun revolved (旋转)around the earth. An 71 7% did not know which revolved around 72.I have no doubt that 73 all of these people were 74 in school that the earth revolves around the sun； 75 may even have written it 76 at test. But they never 77 their incorrect mental models of planetary (行星的) 78 because their every day observations didn’t support 79 their teachers told them: People see the sun moving 80 the sky as morning turns to night，and the earth seems stationary (静止的) 81 that is happening. Students can learn the right answers 82 heart in class，and yet never combined them 83 their working models of the world. The objectively correct answer the professor accepts and the 84 personal understanding of the world can 85 side by side，each unaffected by the other.Outside of class，the student continues to use the 86 model because it has always worked well 87 that circumstance. Unless professors address 88 errors in students’personal models of the world，students are not 89 to replace them with the 90 one.71.A.excessive B. extraC. additionalD. added72.A.what B. whichC. thatD. other73.A.virtually B. remarkablyC. ideallyD. preferably74.A.learned B. suggestedC. taughtD. advised75.A.those B. theseC. whoD. they76.A.on B. withC. underD. for77.A.formed B. alteredC. believedD. thought78.A.operation B. positionC. motionD. location79.A.how B. whichC. thatD. what80.A.around B. acrossC. onD. above81.A.since B. soC. whileD. for82.A.to B. byC. inD. with83.A.with B. intoC. toD. along84.A.adult’s B. teacher’sC. scientist’sD. student’s85.A.exist B. occurC. surviveD. maintain86.A.private B. individualC. personalD. own87.A.in B. withC. onD. for88.A.general B. naturalC. similarD. specific89.A.obliged B. likelyC. probableD. partial90.A.perfectB. betterC. reasonableD. correct【答案】：71.C72.B73.A74.C75.D76.A77.B78.C79.D80.B81.C82.B 83.A84.D85.A86.C87.A88.D89.B90.D【答案解析】：71.C四个答案都有“额外”的意思，但各有偏重。

2001完形-媒体与司法公正Part1 单词1、trail n.审讯；审理；审判2、intensify v.加强；强化（强调数量、活动）fasten v.扣紧，扎紧（+具体名词）tighten v.使变紧；使更加严格（+具体/抽象名词）3、rough n. 草图、专业术语preliminary n.初步行动或活动a.初步的4、peculiarity n.特性，怪癖5、if 引导时间状语，当...时6、select a.精选的7、present v.颁发，授予；提交，提出（正式）8、publication n.（在报刊上）公布，发布9、release n.(经过努力)发表，发布；指(声明、报告)发布；(影片)发行10、graft n.贪污11、interpretation n.可用作法律用语，解释、阐释12、dissertation n.论文13、convention n.公约14、bind v. 束缚，约束binding a.具有约束力的15、sentence v.&n.判决；宣判verdict n.裁定；决定，意见16、dispute v.质疑17、inference n.推断；结论18、issue n.重要问题；争论焦点19、confide v.倾诉；托付Part2 短语1、by leaps and bounds 飞跃地；突飞猛进地2、on trial ( for sth.) 因...受审stand trial ( for sth.) 受审判3、intensify the background check 加强背景调查4、focus on / upon 集中...5、fasten our seat belts 系紧安全带6、tighten a screw / rope 拧紧盖子/绷紧绳子tighten security / rules 加强安全措施；严格规章制度7、a rough drawing 草图8、a preliminary to making a decision 作出决定前的预备活动a preliminary examination 初试9、give publicity to sth. 将某事公布于世10、penalty for speeding 超速罚款11、comply with 遵从，服从(+规定、守则)12、side with +人同意某人观点13、a flash of wit 灵光一闪14、be in a rage 勃然大怒= fly into a rage15、other than 除了，不同于rather than 是...而不是...16、lay down 中断(工作)；放弃；规定，制定（条例或原则）17、set sb. straight / right 纠正某人做法/想法set sb. free / loose 释放某人18、be credited to (sb./sth.) 认为属于...；把（功劳、好品质）归于...19、be in safe hands with 由...负责20、a jail / prison sentence 判处监禁21、question / dispute a verdict 对裁断提出质疑22、return / announce / bring in / reach / delivera verdict 作出裁定a verdict of guilty 有罪的裁定= a guilty verdictverdict on sth. /sb. 对...的意见23、confide my property to your care 把财产托付给你保管24、assure sb. of sth. 使某人确信某事；托付某人某事25、punch line 妙语Text 1 - 专业化和职业化Part1 单词1、specialisation n.专业化professionalisation n.职业化2、acceleration n.加速accumulation n.积累3、clear-cut a.明确的4、consequent a.随之发生的5、primacy n.首要，至高无上6、incorporate v.包含；体现7、reflect v.审阅，鉴定refereeing n.评审制度8、readership n.读者，读者人数9、separate v.使分离；使分开a.单独的；不同的n.分开；抽印本Part2 短语1、an increasing accumulation of 不断积累的2、subject matter 题目，论题，题材3、draw (clear-cut) distinction between 在...间作出区分4、carry a connotation that ... 具有...内含意义5、exceptions can be found to any rule 万事万物均有例外6、only if 只有在...的情况下7、a logical consequence 必然结果8、in one’s own right 自身具有的能力或品质9、reflect on 给...带来影响10、national journals 国家级刊物local journals 地方刊物11、(be) acceptable to sb. 被某人接受12、be well under way 发展良好under way 已经开始，在进行中Text 2 - 数字鸿沟Part1 单词1、lecture v.演讲；讲课2、visible a.显而易见的3、universalize v.普及4、impoverished a.贫乏的；赤贫的5、capital n.资金；首都6、Dutch n.荷兰人a.荷兰的Part2 短语1、work against 抵制guard against 警醒2、in the interests of sth. 符合...的利益；为了...的利益3、defeat poverty 战胜贫困4、get over 解决；克服5、for that matter 就此而言6、well off 生活富裕= better off7、lie down 认输，屈服8、industrial pattern 产业模式Text 3 - 报业信任危机Part1 单词1、factual a.事实的2、head-scratching a.令人挠头的，令人困惑的3、ready-made a.现成的4、disconnect n.脱节5、unbridgeable a.不可逾越的6、metropolitan a.大城市的，大都会的7、Mercedes 「专有名词」梅赛德斯奔驰8、explosive a.容易引起激烈讨论的9、sponsor v.赞助，资助10、symposium n.专题研讨会11、disparity n.不同，差距Part2 短语1、be deep into 深入进行2、factual errors 事实错误3、what in the world 到底，究竟4、turn out to be 结果是5、go way deeper 更深入way = far ad.大大地6、unbridgeable disparity 不可逾越的差距7、upscale neighborhoods 高档社区8、the clash of world views 世界观的冲突9、broadly defined 宽泛定义的10、in matters of 在...方面；就...而言Text 4 - 企业并购Part1 单词1、acquisition n.获得物2、unsurpassed a.未被超越的3、might n.威力4、hyperactive a.极其活跃的hyper- 做前缀，表示过度的，过分的5、affiliate n.分公司6、Argentina 阿根廷7、ultimate a.根本的8、underlie v.构成...的真正起因；构成(某人行动等)的基础9、detrimental a.不利的，有害的10、witness v.提供或作为…的证据；目击；用于引出例子11、fear v.担心12、customer n.消费者= consumer13、trust n.托拉斯，意为“垄断”14、yet 不过；但是15、megamerger n.大型合并16、resort n.求助17、infringement n.违反，侵害18、gigantic a.巨大的Part2 短语1、go through 经历2、M&A 并购= mergers and acquisitions3、with unsurpassed might 以无可比拟的威力4、a fast-growing segment of 日益增长的份额5、create serious concerns over 使人们深切关注6、national businessmen 民族商人7、break sth. up 结束，关闭，解体8、lender of last resort 最后贷款人9、take sth. on / upon oneself 擅作主张Text 5 - 放慢生活节奏Part1 单词1、lateral a.侧面的；(职位等)平级的2、disgraced a.失势的3、downshift v.汽车减档4、passionate a.热情的5、term v.把...称作6、tired a.「僻义」老一套的7、build-up n.长期增长8、juggle v.努力平衡9、strain n.负担；压力10、well-establish a.得到确认的；固定下来的11、freed - fred v.饲养n.品种12、newsletter n.时事通讯；简讯13、tightwad n.吝啬鬼14、gazette n.公报15、recycle v.循环使用16、cling-film n.保鲜膜17、equivalent n.等价物18、redundancy n.裁员；冗余19、thrift n.节俭20、acquaintance n. 熟人21、venture v.&n.风险投资；企业；冒险adventure n.冒险，冒险精神；奇遇adventurous a.冒险的22、risk v.冒着失去...的危险23、recognition n.意识Part2 短语1、professional progress 事业发展2、lateral move 平级调动3、in the manner of ... 以...的方式4、tired excuse 老掉牙的借口5、experiment in 尝试6、a build-up stress 压力日积月累7、juggle one’s life 尽量兼顾生活各方面8、quality time “黄金时间”9、well-established trend 明确趋势10、breed a new area 孕育了新领域11、The Tightwad Gazette 《守财奴简报》12、the mass redundancies 大量人员冗余13、the politics of thrift 节俭的(政治)思想14、be not so much ... as ... 与其说...不如说... (否前肯后)15、organic vegetables 有机蔬菜；代指“生活单调乏味的人”翻译- 科学技术Part1 单词1、holodeck n.全息舱holo- 前缀表示“完全”holocamera n.全息摄影机2、sensory a.感官的3、offend v.冒犯、侵犯4、simulate v.模仿，模拟5、surveillance n.监视，监督6、synthetic a.合成的syn- 前缀表示“共同的”7、lifelike a.栩栩如生8、droid n.机器人9、futurologist n.未来学家Part2 短语1、piece together 汇集；拼合2、come into use 开始被使用3、so that 以便4、surveillance cameras 监视器写作- 爱心Part1 单词1、sneeze v.打喷嚏sniff v.嗅2、trial n.审判，磨练trail n.追踪3、compelling a.引人注目的4、agony n.苦恼torture n.折磨torment n.痛苦affliction n.苦难5、exclusively ad.专有地6、cherish v.珍视7、alleviation n.缓和8、珍贵的：pricelesspriceyprizedvaluablevalued9、珍视：appreciatetreasurevalue10、轻视：despiseignoresneeze atsniff at11、困境adversitydilemmadistresshardnesshardshippainfulnesstrialtroublePart2 短语1、oil lamp 油灯2、dedication of love 爱的奉献3、one’s eyes twinkle with 某人的眼睛里闪烁着...的情绪4、achieve one’s value 实现..的价值= fulfill one’s function5、in the spirit of ... 在...的精神感召下6、upon graduation 毕业后7、in distress 在痛苦中= in agony / torture / torment / affliction8、backward / poor / underdeveloped / impoverished region 落后地区9、exemplify this conclusion with 用...论证结论（观点）10、poverty alleviation project 扶贫计划11、make united efforts to 团结一致去...Part 3 句式1、I can exemplify this conclusion with the Poverty Alleviation Project. 译：我可以用扶贫项目来举例说明这个结论。

考研英语2000真题词汇-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN2000年完形存储余粮对农民的意义单词1、consumption n. 消耗量，消费量；消耗，消费2、support v. 资助，供养，赡养（某人）3、surplus n. 剩余（额），过剩；盈余，顺差 a. 剩余的，过剩的4、sow v. 播（种）；散布，激起5、insurance n. 保险；保费；保障，预防措施6、unpredictable a. 无法预料的，不可预知的7、commodity n. 商品；有用的东西8、supplement v. 补充，增补9、dispose v. 排列，安排；(~ of）处置，丢弃，处理，转让10、agricultural a. 农业的11、implement n. （尤指户外劳作使用的）工具，器具12、fertilizer n. 肥料13、vessel n. 船，容器，导管，脉管14、channel n. （可供沟通和达成目的的）渠道，途径；（输送水的）渠道15、available a. 可获得的，可用的；（人）有空的16、property n. 财产，资产；房产；特性，性质17、proportion n. 部分；比例，均衡18、ratio n. 比率，对比，比值19、genuinely ad. 真诚地，诚实地，非伪造地20、presumably ad. 可能地，大概，推测起来21、obtainable a. 能得到的，可获得的22、self-sufficient a. 自给自足的23、self-satisfied a. 自满的，自鸣得意的24、self-restrained a. 自我控制的，有节制的短语1、keep a wide gap 保持一个大的差距2、a large quantity of 大量的3、other than 不同于；除了……4、instead of 而不是……（表选择）5、more than 非常；远非，比……更多（表比较）6、much as 尽管，虽然（表让步）7、ever since 自从（表时间）8、long before 早在……以前（表时间）9、irrigation channel 灌溉渠10、rate of interest=interest rate 利率2000年-阅读Text1二战后美国经济的兴衰单词1.effortless a. 轻松的，不费力的2.dreadful a. 极其的，极其大的3.handicap n. 障碍，阻碍4.properly ad. 适当地5.handle v. 处理，应付6.glowing a. 光彩照人的，辉煌的7.unparalleled a. 无比的，空前的8.skilled a. 熟练的9.prosperous a. 繁荣的10.predominance n.（数量上的）优势；主导地位，支配地位11.painstaking a. 辛苦的，精心的12.impetus n. 动力，推动，促进，刺激13.inevitable a. 必然的，不可避免的14.primacy n. 第一位，首位，卓越15.narrow v. 变窄，变小16.retreat n. 后退petitiveness n. 竞争力18.shrink v. 变小，减少19.vanish v. 消失20.domestic a. 国内的21.semiconductor n. 半导体22.casualty n. 受害者，牺牲品23.withdraw v. 退出24.prosperity n. 繁荣，成功25.shortly ad. 不久，很快26.inquiry n. 调查，查问27.decline n. 衰退28.sensational a. 哗众取宠的，耸人听闻的29.warning n. 警告，告诫30.overseas ad. 海外31.struggle v. 挣扎32.attribute v. 把……归因于33.solely ad. 仅仅34.devalued a. 贬值的35.cycle n. 周期，循环期36.self-doubt n. 自我怀疑37.yield v. 屈服，让步38.quick-witted a. 机敏的，机智的39.think-tank n. 智囊团短语1. a dreadful handicap 一个极大的障碍2. driving force 动力，推动力3. economies of scale 规模经济4. beyond the dreams of 做梦也无法想象5. give impetus to sth. 给……带来动力，促进……的发展6. retreat from 撤退，衰退7. at a loss 困惑，不知所措8. industry competitiveness 产业竞争力9. in the face of 面对10. sweep into 涌向11. domestic market 国内市场12. on the ropes 岌岌可危，濒临失败13. look as though 好像，看起来14. at the heart of 处于……的中心位置15. take over 接管16. collapse after suicide action 自取灭亡17. take…into granted 认为……理所当然18. inquiry into sth. 调查某事19. industrial decline 产业衰退20. be filled with 充满……21. growing competition 竞争压力日益增长22. look back on 回顾23. solid growth 稳固发展，稳定增长24. attribute to 归因于25. the turning of the business cycle 经济周期的循环26. yield to 屈服于，让步于27. blind pride 盲目自豪28. go on a diet 节食29. a golden age 黄金时代30. the revival of the economy 经济复苏31. international cooperation 国际合作32. pave the way for…为……铺平道路2000年阅读Text2人类进化是否终止尚无定论单词1. ratio n. 比率；比例2. maturity n. 成年；成熟3. mortality n. 死亡率4. excess n. 过多的量5. crucial a. 关键性的6. remove v. 使消失7. particularly ad. 尤其8. variation n. 变化9. agent n. [熟词僻义]动因10. evolution n. 进化11. defective a. 有缺点的；有缺陷的12. fertile a. 能生育的13. roughly ad. 大约，差不多14. offspring n. 子女；后代15. diminish v. 减少16. remaining a. 留下的；剩余的17. tribal a. 部落的18. grand a. 重大的19. mediocrity n. 普通；平常20. tribe n. 部落21. involve v. 牵涉；牵连22. transform v. 使改变23. evolve v. 进化24. ignorant a. 无知的25. savage n. 野蛮人；未开化的人26. wholly ad. 完全；全面27. comprehension n. 理解力28. amazed a. 十分惊讶的29. descendant n. 后裔；后代短语1. natural selection 自然选择2. depend on 受……的影响；取决于3. make almost no different 几乎没有什么不同4. due to 由于，因为5. a lack of 缺乏6. commit suicide 自杀7. religious community 宗教团体8. take advantage of 利用9. compare to 与……相比较10. physical change 身体变化11. be ignorant of 对……无知12. beyond one’s comprehension 超出某人的理解范围13. no doubt 毫无疑问14. be amazed at 对……感到十分惊讶15. technology advance 技术进步16. reach the stage of 到达……的阶段17. the difference between wealth and poverty贫富差距专有名词Utopia 乌托邦，理想的完美境界2000年阅读Text3 未来派诗歌不是文学单词1. attain v. 获得，得到2. certain a. 某事的，某人的3. advisable a. 明智的；可取的4. advocate n. 拥护者，支持者5. farfetched a. 难以置信的；牵强的6. unreasonable a. 不合理的7. principle n. 观念；信条8. rather ad. 相当，在某种程度上9. flaw n. 错误；缺点10. condition n. 状态11. conditionally ad. 有条件地12. consequently ad. 因此，结果13. undergo v. 经历14. corresponding a. 符合的；相关的15. interpret v. 诠释，说明16. essential a. 本质的；基本的17. imitate v. 模仿18. confused a. 混乱的，难懂的19. explanatory a. 解释的；说明的20. fulfill v. 符合，具备21. requirement n. 必备条件22. proposition n. 见解；主张23. emotional a. 感情的24. essentially ad. 基本上25. transient a. 短暂的26. merit n. 优点短语1. it is advisable to do 做……是相当明智的2. aim at 目的在于3. in years to come 将来4. with regard to 关于5. in brief 简言之6. pour out 畅所欲言7. a large stream of 大量的8. instead of 代替，而不是9. at will 任意，随意10. explanatory note 注解11. consist of 组成12. all the same 虽是这样；尽管如此13. call for 呼吁14. more of……than……与其说……不如说……专有名词1. Future poetry 未来派诗歌2. Futurist 未来主义者2000-阅读Text4日本传统工作道德观的衰变单词1.postwar a. （尤指二战）战后的2.increasingly ad. 不断增加地，越来越多地3.decline n. 衰败；下降4.hardworking a. 勤奋努力的5.primary a. 首要的6.fulfil v. 满足……的要求7.rival n. 竞争者，对手8.question v. 怀疑，质疑9.sacrifice n. 牺牲，舍弃10.rigid a. 严格死板的，僵化的11.counterpart n. 职务相当的人12.emphasis n. 强调，重视，重要性13.basics n. 基础，基本因素14.mechanical a. 机械的，不加思考的15.self-expression n. 自我表现，自我表达16.personality n. 性格，人格17.humanity n. 人性18.ruling a. 执政的，统治的，支配的19.frustration n. 懊恼，沮丧；受挫，挫败20.run v. 变成，变得21.incident n. 事件22.amid prep. 在……之中23.outcry n. 公众的强烈抗议24.conservative a. 保守的，守旧的25.prewar a. 战前的26.occupation n. 侵占，占领27.morality n. 道德，道德准则28.endure v. 忍耐，忍受29.isolated a. 孤立的，孤独的30.household n. 家庭，一家人31.urban a. 城市的，城镇的32.lengthy a. 漫长的，冗长的mute n. 上下班路程，通勤34.discomfort n. 不适，不安35.tell v. 识别，辨别36.suicide n. 自杀37.one-quarter 四分之一38.exceed v. 超过，超出短语1.be typical of 是……的典型（事例，特征等）2.work-moral values 工作道德价值观3.fulfil economic needs 满足经济需求4.on the decline 走下坡路ing of age 达到黄金期6.involve in 涉及，包含在……中7.be fully satisfied with 对……完全满意8.in addition 另外9.express dissatisfaction with 表达对……的不满10.tend to 倾向于，往往11.stress A over B 对A的强调超过B12.show up 显现，显示出来13.drop out 辍学，退学14.be praised by 因……受到称赞15.place stress on 强调16.lead to 导致17.have more to do with 与……有更大关系18.abandon A in favor of B 为B舍A19.increase by 增加了……专有名词Liberal Democratic Party 自由民主党简称自民党或LDP，为执政党，是日本第一大党。

考研英语历年真题例句详解含译文翻译1.pressure['preʃə]n. 压，压力，压迫，强制，紧迫，困苦，困难【真题例句】They fail to mobilize peer pressure for healthy habits, and they demonstrate a seriously flawed understanding of psychology.（2012考研英语阅读Text 1）参考译文：它们没能调动起同伴压力以促进健康习惯的生成，且它们证实了对心理的严重错误的理解。

press [kəm'pres, 'kɔmpres]vt. 压紧，压缩；(把思想、文字等)浓缩【同义词】condense；［真题例句］Rather than have people simply rate their beauty compress with others, he asked them to identify an original photogragh of themselves’from a lineup including versions that had beenaltered to appear more and less attractive. (2016考研英语阅读text2)参考译文：他没有让人们简单地给自己的美容产品打分，而是让他们从一组照片中辨认出一张自己的原创照片，其中包括一些经过修改、变得或多或少更有些吸引力的照片。

3.depress [di'pres]v. 压抑，降低；使沮丧，压下[同义词]suppress［真题例句］“We wake up from dreams happy or depressed, and those feelings can stay with us all day.”（2005考研英语阅读Test3）参考译文：“我们从梦中醒来，或高兴或沮丧，而这些情绪会伴随我们一整天。