闵行区2015学年第一学期高三年级质量调研考试英语试卷考生注意：1．考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第I 卷（第1-11页）和第II 卷（第12页），全卷共12页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名。
第I 卷 (共103分) I. Listening Comprehension Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. A writer.B. A teacher.C. A reporter.D. A student. 2. A. In a bookstore.B. In a library.C. In a classroom.D. In an apartment. 3. A. The long walking hours.B. The hot weather.C. The boring work.D. The fan in the room.4. A. She has always enjoyed great popularity.B. She expected more people at her party.C. She threw a surprise party for her friends.D. She enjoys entertaining little children.5. A. Look for a place near her office. B. Find a new job down the street. C. Make inquires elsewhere.D. Rent the $600 apartment. 6. A. Sick.B. Quite well.C. Excited.D. Confused.7. A. She had the printer repaired.B. She chatted online with a friend.C. She filled in an application form.D. She ordered some paper.8. A. He prefers to wear jeans with a larger waist.B. He has been extremely busy recently.C. He has gained some weight lately.D. He enjoyed going shopping with Jane yesterday. 9. A. He doesn ‟t like abstract paintings.B. Women have a better artistic taste than men.学校_______________________ 班级__________ 准考证号_________ 姓名______________…………………密○………………………………………封○………………………………………○线…………………………………C. He isn‟t good at abstract thinking.D. The woman possesses a natural talent for art.10. A. He is confident he will get the job.B. His chance of getting the job is slim.C. It isn‟t easy to find a qualified candidate.D. The interview didn‟t go as well as he had expected.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. A special CD. B. A photograph of the mystery star.C. Two concert tickets.D. A latest record.12. A. After a tragic accident happened. B. When he formed the habit of using drugs.C. When his wife left him.D. After he succeeded in the late 90‟s.13. A. A free concert. B. Life of a pop star.C. A famous guitar player.D. A sad song Tears in Heaven.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. It can be used by farmers to protect large buildings.B. It was brought to the northern USA by Asian farmers.C. It has done more harm than good in the southern USA.D. It was introduced into the USA to kill harmful weeds.15. A. People will have to rely on kudzu for a living.B. They will soon be overgrown with kudzu.C. They will become too hard to plough.D. People will find it hard to protect the soil.16. A. The farmers there have brought it under control.B. The factories there have found a good use for it.C. The soil there is not so suitable for the plant.D. The climate there is unfavorable to its growth.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write no more than THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)A few years ago, Maxine Bedat looked in her closet. It was full of clothes, but she had nothing to wear. “That was (25)______ it was a closet full of fast fashion based on hyper-trends (超时尚) from one season to the nex t,” said Maxine.“Fast fashion” means clothes which are inexpensive but look like (26)______ (late) designs from top fashion houses. One reason for the success of the fast fashion is the rise of the social media. A report found that Millennials (千禧一代) want to wear a variety of clothes in the photos they post on social media. As a result, many businesses which offer trendy and low-cost clothes grow quickly.However, some Millennials are not happy with the rise of fast fashion. Maxine was tired of always shopping for (27)______ was in style. Instead, she wanted to buy fewer clothes she could wear over and over. So Maxine started a “slow fashion” clothing company called Zady. Theclothes it sells often feature classic colors and shapes, and are made from natural materials.The international business H&M, one of the best-known fast fashion brands, has another approach to “slow fashion.” It has created a recycling program for clothes, (28)______ invites people to bring clothes they no longer want to H&M stores. Shoppers who donate old clothes can receive (29)______ discount on new things they buy. After that, H&M does several things with shoppers‟ old clothes. Some of them are sold again. Some are turned into other useful items. And the rest (30)______(reduce) to fiber (纤维制品) that can be reused as building materials.Here (31)______(come) stylish but sustainable fashion. Are you ready to move over fast fashion?(B)Brad closed the door slowly as Sue left home to visit her mother. (32) ______(Expect) a whole day to relax, he was thinking whether to read the newspaper or watch his favourite TV talk show on his first day off in months. “This will be (33)______ a walk in the park,” he‟d told his wife. “I‟ll look after the kids, and you can go visit your mom.”Things started well, but just after eight o‟clock, his three little “good kids”—Mike, Randy, and Alex—came down the stairs in their night clothes and shouted “breakfast, daddy.” When food had not appeared within thirty seconds, Randy began using his spoo n on Alex‟s head (34) ______ ______ it were a drum. Alex started to shout loudly in time to the beat. Mike chanted “Where‟s my toast, where‟s my toast” in the background. Brad realized his newspaper would have to wait for a few seconds.Life became worse a fter breakfast. Mike wore Randy‟s underwear on his head. Randy locked (35) ______ in the bathroom, while Alex shouted again because he was going to wet his pants. Nobody could find clean socks, (36) ______ they were before their very eyes. Someone (37) ______(name) “Not Me” had spilled a whole glass of orange juice into the basket of clean clothes. Brad knew the talk show had already started.By ten o‟clock, things were out of control. Alex was wondering why the fish in the jar refused his bread and butter. Mike was trying to show off his talent by decorating the kitchen wall with his colour pencils. Randy, thankfully, appeared (38) ______(draw) a picture quietly in the family room，but closer examination showed that he was eating apple jam straight from the bottle with his hands. Brad realized that the talk show was over and (39)______(read) would be impossible.At exactly 11:17, Brad called the daycare centre. “I suddenly have to go into work and my wife‟s away. (40)______ I bring the boys over in a few minutes?” The answer was obviously “yes” because Brad was smiling.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only beDogs Used to Be More Like CatsResearchers studying fossils (化石) of the early ancestors of dogs that lived up to 40 million years ago believe the predators (捕食性动物) evolved as a direct consequence of climate change. The study claims the (41)______ transformed man‟s best friend from a creature t hat behaved more like a cat, into the canine (犬) we know and love today.Ancestors of dogs living in North America 40 million years ago were ambush (伏击式) predators—in a(n) (42)______ way to cats‟. But a million years later, the thick forest that once covered the continent began to give way to grasslands. This led to a(n) (43)______ in the body shape and hunting behavior of dogs, turning them into animals that no longer (44)______ their prey (猎物), but chased it down instead.This evolutionary transition was (45)______ by the scientists who examined the elbows and teeth of 32 species of dogs that lived between 40 million and two million years ago.“The elbow is a really good (46)______ of what carnivores (食肉动物) are doing with their forelimbs (前肢), which tells their entire (47)______ abilities,” said Brown University‟s Christine Janis, who led the study.The research was based on an analysis of fossil specimens (标本) in the American Museum of Natural History in New York. It suggests dog evolution was directly related to climate change. After all, it was not (48)______ to operate as a pursuit-and-pounce predator until there was room to run.If predators evolved with climate change over the last 40 million years, the authors argue they may continue to (49)______ in response to the present global warming trend. In this way, the results of the study could help (50)______ how animals may look in the future.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Two friends have an argument that breaks up their friendship forever, even though neither one can remember how the whole thing got started. Such sad events happen over and over in high schools across the country. 51 , according to an official report on youth violence, “i n our country today, the greatest threat to the lives of children and adolescents is not disease or starvation or abandonment, but t he terrible reality of violence”. Given that this is the case, why aren‟t students taught to manage 52 the way they are taught to solve math problems or stay physically fit?First of all, students need to realize that conflict is 53 . A report indicates that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor 54 . For example, a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime. 55the sandwich can lead to insults, which in turn can lead to violence. Th e problem isn‟t in the sandwich, but in the way students deal with the conflict.Once students recognize that conflict is unavoidable, they can 56 the golden rule of conflict resolution: stay calm. Once the student feels calmer, he should choose words that will calm the other person down as well. Rude words and accusation only add fuel to the emotional fire. On the other hand, 57 words spoken at a normal sound level can put out the fire before it explodes out of control.After both sides have calmed down, they can use another key 58 for conflict resolution: listening. Listening allows the two sides to understand each other. One person should describe his or her side, and the other person should listen without interrupting. Afterward, the listener can ask non-threatening questions to make the speaker‟s position clear. Then the two people should change 59 .60 , students need to consider wh at they are hearing. This doesn‟t mean trying to figure out what‟s wrong with the other person. It means understanding what the real issue is and what both sides are trying to 61 . For example, a shouting match over a peanut butter sandwich might happen because one person thinks the other person is unwilling to try new things. Students need to ask themselves questions such as these: How did this start? What do I really want? What am I afraid of? As the issue becomes 62 , the conflict often simply becomes smaller. Even if it doesn‟t, 63 thought helps both sides figure out a better solution.After students started a conflict resolution, there has been an increase in student 64 . Learning to resolve conflicts can help students 65 friends, teachers, parents, bosses and coworkers. In that way, conflict resolution is a basic life skill that should be taught in schools across the country.51. A. As a result B. In fact C. By contrast D. On the contrary52. A. conflict B. lives C. relationships D. affairs53. A. violent B. global C. unresolved D. unavoidable54. A. remark B. assumption C. insult D. resolution55. A. Preference for B. Particularity about C. Complaint over D. Laughter over56. A. interpret B. practice C. assess D. bend57. A. soft B. tough C. critical D. clear58. A. measure B. strategy C. assessment D. application59. A. responses B. attitudes C. roles D. intentions60. A. Contrarily B. Relatively C. Consequently D. Finally61. A. accomplish B. ignore C. foresee D. seek62. A. wider B. clearer C. more complex D. more critical63. A. unselfish B. initial C. inspiring D. careful64. A. cooperation B. argument C. gratitude D. support65. A. admire B. select C. deal with D. back upSection BDirections: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)(You may read the questions first.)66. If you carry the Service Card or the Cash Card, ________.A. you can use it to guarantee things as you wishB. you can draw your money from cash machines convenientlyC. you can spend as much money as you like without a limitD. you have to pay some extra money when you pay for services in the UK67. If you withdraw￡200 from a cash machine abroad, you will be charged ________.A. ￡4B. ￡4.5C. ￡5.25D. ￡5.368. Which of the following is TRUE about using your NatWest Credit Card?A. You have to pay back with interest within 56 days.B. You can use the card in any shop across the world.C. You will be charged some interest beyond two months.D. You will gain one air mile if you spend ￡20 on traveller‟s cheques.69. The purpose of the passage is to show you how to ________.A. pay for goods with your cardsB. use your cards abroadC. draw cash with your cardsD. play your cards right(B)A recent study of ancient and modern elephants has come up with the unexpected conclusion that the African elephant is divided into two distinct species. The discovery was made by researchers at York and Harvard universities when they were examining the genetic relationship between the ancient woolly mammoth and mastodon to modern elephants—the Asian elephant, African forest elephant and African savanna (热带草原) elephant.Once they obtained DNA sequences (序列) from two fossils，mammoths and mastodons，the team compared them with DNA from modern elephants. They found to their amazement that modern forest and savanna elephants are as distinct from each other as Asian elephants and mammoths.The scientists used detailed genetic analysis to prove that the African savanna elephants and the African forest elephants have been distinct species for several million years. The separation of the two species took place around the time of the separation of Asian elephants and woolly mammoths. This result amazed all the scientists.There has long been a debate in the scientific community that the two might be separate species but this is the most convincing scientific evidence so far that they are indeed different species.Previously, many naturalists believed that African savanna elephants and African forest elephants were two populations of the same species despite the ele phants‟ signi ficant size differences. The savanna elephant has an average shoulder height of 3.5 metres while the forest elephant has an average shoulder height of 2.5 metres. The savanna elephant weighs between six and seven tons, roughly double the weight of the forest elephant. But the fact that they look so different does not necessarily mean they are different species. However, the proof lay in the analysis of the DNA.Alfred Roca, assistant professor in the department of Animal Sciences at the University ofMinois, said, “We now have to treat the forest and savanna elephants as two different units for conservation (保护) purpose. Since 1950 all African elephants have been conserved as one species. Now that we know the forest and savanna elephants are two very distinct animals, the forest elephant should become a bigger priority for conse rvation purpose.”70. One of the fossils studied by the researchers is that of ________.A. the Asian elephantB. the forest elephantC. the savanna elephantD. the mastodon elephant71. The researche r‟s conclusion was based on a study of the Af rican elephant‟s ________.A. DNAB. heightC. weightD. population72. Alfred Roca‟s words were mainly about ________.A. the purpose of studying African elephantsB. the conservation of African elephantsC. the way to divide African elephants into two unitsD. the reason for the distinction of African elephants73. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A. Naturalist‟s Belief about Elephants.B. Amazing Experiment about Elephants.C. An Unexpected Finding about Elephants.D. A Long scientific Debate about Elephants.(C)A big focus of the criticism of computer games has concerned the content of the games being played. When the story of the games is analyzed they can be seen to fall into some styles. The two style s most popular with the children I interviewed were …Platformers‟ and …Beat-them-ups.‟ Platform games such as Sonic and Super Mario involve leaping from platform to platform, avoiding obstacles, moving on through the levels, and progressing through the different stages of the game. Beat-them-ups are the games which have caused concern over their violent content. These games involve fights between animated (动画的) characters. In many ways this violence can be compared to violence within children‟s cartoons where a character i s hit over the head or falls off a cliff but walks away unscathed.Argument has occurred in part because of the intensity of the game play, which is said to spill over into children‟s everyday lives. There are worries that children are becoming more violen t and aggressive after longtime exposure to these games. Playing computer games involves feelings of intense frustration and anger wh ich often expresses itself in aggressive …yells‟ at the screen. It is not only the …Beat-them-up‟ games which produce this aggression; platform games are just as frustrating when the characters lose all their …lives‟ and …die‟ just before the end of the le vel is reached. Computer gaming relies upon intense concentration on the moving images on the screen and demands great hand-to-eye coordination (协调). When the player loses and the words …Game over‟ appear on the screen, there is annoyance and frustration a t being beaten by the computer and at having made an error. This anger and aggression could perhaps be compared to the aggressionfelt when playing football and you take your eye off the ball and enable the opposition to score. The annoyance experienced wh en defeated at a computer game is what makes gaming …addictive‟: the player is determined not to make the same mistake again and to have …one last go‟ in the hope of doing better next time.Some of the concern over the violence of computer games has been about children who are unable to tell the difference between fiction and reality and who act out the violent moves of the games in fight on the playground. The problem with video games is that they involve children more than television or films and this means there are more implications for their social behavior. Playing these games can lead to anti-social behavior, make children aggressive and affect their emotional stability.74. The best title for the passage is _______.A. How to control anger while playing computer gamesB. There is no difference between …Platformers‟and …Beat-Them-Ups‟C. How does playing computer games affect the level of violence in childrenD. How to make children spend less time on computer games75. The word “unscathed” in Paragraph 1 probably means ________.A. unharmedB. unbeatenC. unsettledD. unhappy76. According to Paragraph 2, how does violence relate to playing computer games?A. Beat-Them-Ups are more popular with children therefore more likely to produce v iolent behavior.B. When losing computer games children tend to experience frustration and anger.C. People who have good hand-eye-coordination tend to be more violent than others.D. The violent content in the games gets children addicted to the games.77. According to the author, why do video games lead to violence more than TV or movies?A. Because children cannot tell fiction from reality.B. Because children like to act out the scenes in the games on the playground.C. Because computer games can produce more anti-social behavior.D. Because computer games involve children more than TV or films.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Gift certificates, or rather their high-tech new replacements, gift cards, are America‟s most popular present. They spare gift-givers the tension of choosing anything specific, and receivers the horror of having to keep the result. Retailers like them too, because they are quite profitable. But like most goods in the recession (衰退), they have become harder to shift, prompting some radical redesigns.Gift cards are profitable because retailers receive money for them up from, and around 10% of them are never redeemed (收回), according to Lew Paine of the GFK Group, a market-research firm. When people do use them, they often spend more than the amount given, on products with high margins.But sales of gift cards were down by around 6% last year in America, to about $25 billion, partly because discounts in stores were so steep that customers saw more value in buying products directly. Bankruptcies (破产) among retailers also scared people away from gift cards, for fear that stores would not be around to honour them. Some financial-services companies that offer gift cards which can be used in various stores, including Visa and American Express, came under fire for charging monthly maintenance fees on unspent balances.Analysts expect another tough holiday season for gift cards this year. Sales will be down by about 5%, projects Archstone Consulting, which studies the business. Retailers are trying to counter this decline by making gift cards more attractive. One approach is to add nifty (俏皮的) packaging. Target, for example, is selling gift cards that double as wind-up toys or play recorded greetings. Other retailers have launched schemes that let people e-mail one another electronic gift certificates, which the receivers can then print out for use.Some retailers have even given gift cards away in an effort to drum up business. Neiman Marcus, for example, sent $50 gift cards to big customers to tempt them back for further shopping. Target will give a $l0 gift card to people who spend $l00 before noon on the Friday after Thanksgiving, which is considered the start of the holiday shopping season. Such handouts can be cheaper than sharp store-wide discounts, which proved destructive to profits last year. Expiration dates add a sense of urgency, which retailers are eager to promote.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 10 WORDS)78. The reason for the popularity of gift cards to gift-givers is that they don‟t have to worryabout _________________________________________________.79. Some financial-services companies that offer gift cards were criticized last year because___________________________________.80. Give one example of retailers‟ responding to the decline of the sales of gift cards according tothe passage.81. Retailers gave out handouts to promote consumption last year, but their efforts turned out_________________________________.第II 卷(共47分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.82. 屠呦呦是中国第一个被授予诺贝尔奖的女科学家。
