流体力学常用名词中英文对照..

中英文对照外文翻译(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)14选择的材料取决于于高流动速度降解或材料由于疲劳，腐蚀，磨损和气蚀故障糜烂一次又一次导致泵运营商成本高昂的问题。

这可能通过仔细选择材料的性能以避免在大多数情况下发生。

一两个原因便可能导致错误的材料选择：（1）泵输送的腐蚀性液体的性质没有清楚地指定（或未知），或（2），由于成本的原因（竞争压力），使用最便宜的材料。

泵部件的疲劳，磨损，空化攻击的严重性和侵蚀腐蚀与流速以指数方式增加，但应用程序各种材料的限制，不容易确定。

它们依赖于流速度以及对介质的腐蚀性泵送和浓度夹带的固体颗粒，如果有的话。

另外，交变应力诱导通过压力脉动和转子/定子相互作用力（RSI）真的不能进行量化。

这就是为什么厚度的叶片，整流罩和叶片通常从经验和工程判断选择。

材料的本讨论集中在流之间的相互作用现象和物质的行为。

为此，在某些背景信息腐蚀和经常使用的材料，被认为是必要的，但是一个综合指南材料的选择显然是超出了本文的范围。

在这一章中方法开发出促进系统和一致方法选择材料和分析材料的问题领域。

四个标准有关，用于选择材料暴露于高流动速度：1.疲劳强度（通常在腐蚀环境），由于高的速度在泵本身与高压脉动，转子/定子的相互作用力和交变应力。

2.腐蚀诱导高的速度，特别是侵蚀腐蚀。

3.气蚀，由于已广泛在章讨论。

4.磨耗金属损失造成的流体夹带的固体颗粒。

磨损和汽蚀主要是机械磨损机制，它可以在次，被腐蚀的钢筋。

与此相反，腐蚀是一种化学金属，泵送的介质，氧和化学试剂之间的反应。

该反应始终存在- 即使它是几乎察觉。

最后，该叶轮尖端速度可以通过液压力或振动和噪声的限制。

14.1叶轮和扩散的疲劳性骨折可避免的叶轮叶片，整流罩或扩散器叶片的疲劳断裂施加领域的状态;它们很少观察到。

在高负荷的泵，无视基本设计规则或生产应用不足的医疗服务时，这种类型的伤害仍然是有时会遇到。

的主要原因在静脉或罩骨折包括：•过小的距离（间隙B或比D3*= D3/ D2）叶轮叶片之间扩散器叶片（表10.2）。

流体力学常用名词术语中英文对照CFL条件 Courant- Friedrichs- Lewy condition ,CFL condition KDU方程 KDV equationU形管 U-tubeA埃克特数 Eckert number奥尔-索末菲方程 Orr-Sommerfeld equation奥辛流 Oseen flowB巴塞特力 Basset force板块法 panel method半隐格式 semi-implicit scheme薄翼理论 thin-airfoil theory保单调差分格式monotonicity preserving diffe-rence scheme爆轰 detonation爆炸 explosion毕奥-萨伐尔定律 Biot-Savart law壁剪切速度 friction velocity壁剪应力 skin friction, frictional drag壁效应 wall effect边界层 boundary layer边界层方程 boundary layer equation边界层分离 boundary layer separation边界层厚度 boundary layer thickness边界层理论 boundary later theory边界层转捩 boundary layer transition边界元法 boundary element method变分法 variational method标记网格法 marker and cell method, MAC method 表观粘度 apparent viscosity表面波 surface wave表面力 surface force表面张力 surface tension表面张力波 capillary wave波高 wave height波列 wave train波能 wave energy波群 wave group波速 wave speed, wave velocit波阻 wave drag伯格斯方程 Burgers equation伯努利定理 Bernonlli theorem伯努利方程 Bernoulli equation泊 poise泊肃叶流 Poiseuille flow不定常法 time-dependent method不规则波 irregular wave不可压缩流[动] incompressible flow不可压缩流体 incompressible fluid不可压缩性 incompressibility不稳定性 instability布拉休斯解 Blasius solution部分相似 partial similarityC测速法 anemometry测压孔 pressure tap层流 laminar flow层流边界层 laminar boundary layer层流分离 laminar separation掺气流 aerated flow超空化流 supercavitating flow超空泡 supercavity超空泡流 supercavity flow超声速流[动] supersonic flow超压[强] over pressure潮波 tidal wave沉[降堆]积 sedimentation, deposition沉积物 sediment, deposit沉降速度 settling velocity成核 nucleation尺度效应 scale effect冲击波 shock wave出口 exit, outlet出口压力 exit pressure传播 propagation传导 conduction传感器 transducer, sensor传热系数 heat transfer coefficient传质系数 mass transfer coefficient船波 ship wave次层 sublayer猝发过程 bursting processD达朗贝尔佯廖 d'Alembert paradox大涡模拟 large eddy simulation单调差分格式 monotone difference scheme 单相流 single phase flow单组份流 single-component flow当地马赫数 local Mach number等熵流 isentropic flow低速空气动力学 low-speed aerodynamics狄里克雷边界条件 Dirichlet boundary condition 底压 base pressure地面效应 ground effect定理 pi theorem, Buckingham theorem定倾中心 metacenter动力相似[性] dynamic similarity动力粘性 dynamic viscosity动量方程 momentum equation动量厚度 momentum thickness动量交换 momentum transfer动量守恒 conservation of momentum动态响应 dynamic response动态校准 dynamic calibration堵寒效应 blockage effect堵塞 blockage杜福特-弗兰克尔格式 Dufort-Frankel scheme 对流 convection对流传热 convective heat transfer对流扩散方程 convection diffusion equation对流涡胞 convective cell钝体 blunt body钝头体 bluff body多管压强计 multiple manometer多重尺度问题 multiple scale problem多重网格法 multi- grid methodE二次流 secondary flow二维流 two-dimensional flowF反扩散差分格式 anti-diffusion difference scheme 反流 reverse flow反射 reflection反压 back pressure放大矩阵 amplification matrix放大因子 amplification factor非定常流 unsteady flow, non-steady flow非绝热流 diabatic flow非均匀流 nonuniform flow非平衡流[动] non-equilibrium flow非线性波 nonlinear wave非线性不稳定性 nonlinear instability菲克定律 Fick law沸腾 boiling分布 distribution分步法 fractional step method分层流 stratified flow分离点 separation point分离流 separated flow分子扩散 molecular diffusion风洞 wind tunnel风速管 Pitot- static tube冯.诺伊曼条件 von Neumann condition弗劳德数 Froude number浮体 floating body辐射传热 radiative heat transfer附加质量 added mass ,associated mass附面层 boundary layer附体激波 attached shock wave附着点 attachment point附着涡 bound vortex复势 complex potential复速度 complex velocityG伽辽金法 Galerkin method盖斯特纳波 Gerstner wave高度水头 elevating head高分辨率格式 high resolution scheme高速空气动力学 high-speed aerodynamics 戈本诺夫格式 Godunov scheme格拉斯霍夫数 Grashof number构型 configuration孤立子 soliton拐角流 corner flow管流 pipe flow, tube flow规则波 regular wave过水断面 flow cross-sectionH海洋水动力学 marine hydrodynamics亥姆霍兹定理 Helmholtz theorem含沙流 sediment-laden stream含水层 aquifer焓厚度 enthalpy thickness耗散 dissipation洪水波 flood wave后缘 trailing edge滑移速度 slip velocity环量 circulation环流 circulation缓流 subcritical flow缓燃 deflagration回流 back flow汇 sinkJ积分方法 integral method激波 shock wave激波捕捉法 shock-capturing method激波层 shock layer激波管 shock tube激波管风洞 shock tube wind tunnel激波拟合法 shock-fitting method激波阵面 shock front激光多普勒测速计laser Doppler anemometer,laser Doppler velocimeter急变流 rapidly varied flow急流 supercritical flow几何相似 geometric similarity计算流体力学 computational fluid mechanics计算区域 computational domain迹线 path, path line减阻 drag reduction剪切层 shear layer剪切流 shear flow渐变流 gradually varied flow浆体 slurry降水曲线 dropdown curve交错网格 staggered mesh交替方向隐格式alternating direction implicit scheme, ADIscheme介质 medium紧差分格式 compact difference scheme进口 entrance, inlet近场流 near field flow近似因子分解法 approximate factorization method 静[态]校准 static calibration静压管 static [pressure]tube静压头 static head镜象法 image method局域相似 local similarity矩量法 moment method卷筒涡胞 roll cell绝热流 adiabatic flow均匀流 uniform flowK卡门涡街 Karman vortex street开尔文定理 Kelvin theorem可压缩流[动] compressible flow可压缩流体 compressible fluid克兰克-尼科尔森格式 Crank-Nicolson scheme空化 cavitation空化数 cavitation number空泡流 cavity flow空气动力学 aerodynamics空蚀 cavitation damage孔板流量计 orifice meter孔流 orifice flow控制体积 control volume库埃特流 Couette flow库塔-茹可夫斯基条件 Kutta-Zhoukowski condition 跨声速流[动] transonic flow扩散 diffusion扩散段 diffuser扩散率 diffusivity扩散速度 diffusion velocity扩散性 diffusivityL拉克斯等价定理 Lax equivalence theorem拉克斯-温德罗夫格式 Lax-Wendroff scheme拉瓦尔喷管 Laval nozzle来流 incoming flow兰金-于戈尼奥条件 Rankine-Hugoniot condition 雷诺比拟 Reynolds analogy雷诺数 Reynolds number厘泊 centipoise厘沱 centistoke离解 dissociation离散涡 discrete vortex黎曼解算子 Riemann solver连续介质假设 continuous medium hypothesis连续介质力学 mechanics of continuous media涟漪 ripple量热状态方程 caloric equation of state临界雷诺数 critical Reynolds number临界流 critical flow临界热通量 critical heat flux流[动] flow流场 flow field流出边界条件 outflow boundary condition流动参量 flow parameter流动分离 flow separation流动稳定性 flow stability流动显示 flow visualization流管 stream tube流函数 stream function流量 flow rate, flow discharge流量计 flow meter流面 stream surface流入边界条件 inflow boundary condition流速计 anemometer流态 flow regime流体动力学 fluid dynamics流体网格法 fluid in cell method,FLIC method 流体运动学 fluid kinematics流体质点 fluid particle流线 stream lineM马赫波 Mach wave马赫角 Mach angle马赫数 Mach number马赫线 Mach line马赫锥 Mach cone马蹄涡 horseshoe vortex脉线 streak line毛细[管]作用 capillarity弥散 dispersion明槽流 open channel flow磨擦损失 friction loss磨擦因子 friction factor穆曼-科尔格式 Murman-Cole schemeN纳维-斯托克斯方程 Navier-Stokes equation 内流 internal flow能量传递 energy transfer能量法 energy method能量方程 energy equation能量厚度 energy thickness能量守恒 conservation of energy能量输运 energy transport拟序结构 coherent structure粘度测定法 visco[si] metry粘度计 visco[si] meter粘性流[动] viscous flow凝结 condensation牛顿流体 Newtonian fluid浓度 concentration努塞特数 Nusselt numberO欧拉方程 Euler equation欧拉数 Euler number偶极子 doublet, dipoleP排放量 discharge排水 drainage配置方法 collocation method喷管 Nozzle皮托管 pitot tube频率响应 frequency response平面流 plane flow破碎波 breaking wave普朗特-迈耶流 Prandtl-Meyer flow普朗特数 prandtl number普雷斯顿管 preston tube谱方法 spectral methodQ起动涡 starting vortex气动加热 aerodynamic heating气动力 aerodynamic force气动热力学 aerothermodynamics气动噪声 aerodynamic noise气动中心 aerodynamic center气化 gasification气体动力学 gas dynamics气体润滑 gas lubrication前缘涡 leading edge vortex浅水波 shallow water wave强迫对流 forced convection强守恒型 strong conservation form氢泡法 nydrogen bubble method区域分解 domain decomposition全变差下降格式total variation decreasing scheme TVD schemeR扰动 disturbance, perturbation绕射 diffraction热传导 conductive heat transfer热对流 heat convection热交换 heat exchange热量传递 heat transfer热敏电阻 thermistor热膜流速计 hot- film anemometer热线流速计 hot-wire anemometer热状态方程 thermal equation of state 人工压缩 artificial compression人工粘性 artificial viscosity瑞利流 Rayleigh flow瑞利数 Rayleigh number弱解 weak solution弱守恒型 weak conservation formS三维流 three-dimensional flow散度型 divergence form散射 scattering色散 dispersion熵函数 entropy function熵条件 entropy condition熵通量 entropy flux射流 jet深水波 deep water wave失速 stall施密特数 schmidt number施特鲁哈尔数 Strouhal number时间分步法 time splitting method时间线 time line示踪物 tracer势 potential势流 potential flow适应网格生成 adaptive grid generation 收缩 contraction守恒差分格式 conservation differences cheme 守恒型 conservation form数值边界条件 numerical boundary condition 数值耗散 numerical dissipation数值模拟 numerical simulation数值色散 numerical dispersion数值通量 numerical flux数值网格生成 numerical grid generation数值粘性 numerical viscosity数植扩散 numerical diffusion水动[力]噪声 hydrodynamic noise水动力学 hydrodynamics水洞 water tunnel水击 water hammer水静力学 hydrostatics水力半径 hydraulic radius水力坡度 hvdraulic slope水力学 hydraulics水头损失 head loss水位 water level水翼 hydrofoil水跃 hydraulic jump丝线法 tuft method斯坦顿管 Stanton tube斯坦顿数 Stanton number斯托克斯波 Stokes wave速度[水]头 velocity head速度环量 velocity circulation速度亏损律 velocity defect law速度剖面 velocity profile速度势 velocity potential随机选取法 random choice method随体导数 material derivativeT泰勒不稳定性 Taylor instability泰勒数 Taylor number泰勒涡 Taylor vortex特征线法 method of characteristics贴体曲线坐标 body- fitted curvilinear coordi-nates 通量矢量分解法 flux vector splitting method通量校正传输法 flux-corrected transport method 头波 bow wave投影法 projection method湍流边界层 turbulent boundary layer湍流分离 turbulent separation拖曳水池 towing tank脱体激波 detached shock wave椭圆余弦波 cnoidal waveW蛙跳格式 leap-frog scheme外流 external flow完全气体 perfect gas网格雷诺数 cell Reynolds number微压计 micromanometer维数分解 dimensional split尾流 wake [flow]未扰动流 undisturbed flow位移厚度 displacement thickness温度边界层 thermal boundary layer文丘里管 Venturi tube纹影法 schlieren method涡 eddy涡层 vortex layer涡对 vortex pair涡方法 vortex method涡管 vortex tube涡环 vortex ring涡街 vortex street涡量 vorticity涡量方程 vorticity equation涡量计 vorticity meter涡量拟能 enstrophy涡面 vortex surface涡片 vortex sheet涡丝 vortex filament涡线 vortex line涡旋 vortex涡旋破碎 vortex breakdown涡旋脱落 vortex shedding涡粘性 eddy viscosity无反射边界条件 nonreflecting boundary condition 无滑移条件 non-slip condition无量纲参数 dimensionless parameter无旋流 irrotational flow无压流 free surface flow无粘性流体 nonviscous fluid, inviscid fluid物理解 physical solution物理区域 physical domainX吸出 suction希尔特稳定性分析 Hirt stability analysis稀疏波 rarefaction wave稀疏矩阵分解法 split coefficient matrix method 细长度 slenderness细长体 slender body显格式 explicit scheme相容条件 consistency condition相似理论 similarity theory相似律 similarity law相似性解 similar solution响应频率 response frequency消能 energy dissipation楔流 wedge flow斜激波 oblique shock wave斜迎风格式 skew-upstream scheme谢齐公式 Chezy formula形状因子 shape factor型阻 profile drag修正微分方程 modified differential equation 旋臂水池 rotating arm basinY压[力]降 pressure drop压[强水]头 pressure head压差 differential pressure压差阻力 pressure drag压力能 pressure energy压强传感器 pressure transducer压强计 manometer压缩波 compression wave亚声速流[动] subsonic flow烟丝法 smoke wire method衍射 diffraction堰流 weir flow叶栅流 cascade flow液体动力润滑 hydrodynamic lubrication液体动力学 hydrodynamics液体静力学 hydrostatics液体静压 hydrostatic pressure依赖域 domain of dependence异重流 density current, gravity flow翼弦 chord翼型 airfoil阴影法 shadow method隐格式 implicit scheme迎风格式 upstream scheme , upwind scheme 迎角 angle of attack影响域 domain of influence壅水曲线 back water curve涌波 surge wave油膜显示 oil film visualization油烟显示 oil smoke visualization有限体积法 finite volume method有旋流 rotational flow有压流 pressure flow诱导速度 induced velocity诱导阻力 induced drag预估校正法 predictor-corrector method源 source远场边界条件 far field boundary condition 远场流 far field flow约束涡 confined vortex匀熵流 homoentropic flow运动相似 kinematic similarity运动粘性 kinematic viscosityZ再层流化 relaminarization再附 reattachment暂态流 transient flow折射 refraction振荡流 oscillatory flow蒸发 evaporation正激波 normal shock wave支配方程 governing equation直线法 method of lines指数格式 exponential scheme质点法 particle method质点网格法 particle in cell method,PIC method 质量传递 mass transfer质量守恒 conservation of mass滞后 lag滞止流 stagnation flow重力波 gravity wave周期流 periodic flow轴对称流 axisymmetric flow注入 injection驻点 stagnation point驻涡 standing vortex状态方程 equation of state锥形流 conical flow准定常流 quasi-steady flow准谱法 pseudo-spectral method自动网格生成 automatic grid generation [自]适应网格 [self-] adaptive mesh自由对流 natural convection, free convec-tion 自由流 free stream自由流线 free stream line自由面 free surface自由射流 free jet总焓 total enthalpy总压[力] total pressure总压头 total head阻力 drag, resistance阻尼误差 damping error。

流体力学相关词汇中英文对照摘自 水动力数值模拟 cjk3d 2005-04-01 12:27 /ccb/index.cgi流体动力学 fluid dynamics连续介质力学 mechanics of continuous media介质 medium流体质点 fluid particle无粘性流体 nonviscous fluid, inviscid fluid连续介质假设 continuous medium hypothesis流体运动学 fluid kinematics水静力学 hydrostatics液体静力学 hydrostatics支配方程 governing equation伯努利方程 Bernoulli equation伯努利定理 Bernonlli theorem毕奥-萨伐尔定律 Biot-Savart law欧拉方程 Euler equation亥姆霍兹定理 Helmholtz theorem开尔文定理 Kelvin theorem涡片 vortex sheet库塔-茹可夫斯基条件 Kutta-Zhoukowski condition 布拉休斯解 Blasius solution达朗贝尔佯廖 d'Alembert paradox雷诺数 Reynolds number施特鲁哈尔数 Strouhal number随体导数 material derivative不可压缩流体 incompressible fluid质量守恒 conservation of mass动量守恒 conservation of momentum能量守恒 conservation of energy动量方程 momentum equation能量方程 energy equation控制体积 control volume液体静压 hydrostatic pressure涡量拟能 enstrophy压差 differential pressure流[动] flow流线 stream line流面 stream surface流管 stream tube迹线 path, path line流场 flow field流态 flow regime流动参量 flow parameter流量 flow rate, flow discharge涡旋 vortex涡量 vorticity涡丝 vortex filament涡线 vortex line涡面 vortex surface涡层 vortex layer涡环 vortex ring涡对 vortex pair涡管 vortex tube涡街 vortex street卡门涡街 Karman vortex street马蹄涡 horseshoe vortex对流涡胞 convective cell卷筒涡胞 roll cell涡 eddy涡粘性 eddy viscosity环流 circulation环量 circulation速度环量 velocity circulation偶极子 doublet, dipole驻点 stagnation point总压[力] total pressure总压头 total head静压头 static head总焓 total enthalpy能量输运 energy transport速度剖面 velocity profile库埃特流 Couette flow单相流 single phase flow单组份流 single-component flow均匀流 uniform flow非均匀流 nonuniform flow二维流 two-dimensional flow三维流 three-dimensional flow准定常流 quasi-steady flow非定常流 unsteady flow, non-steady flow 暂态流 transient flow周期流 periodic flow振荡流 oscillatory flow分层流 stratified flow无旋流 irrotational flow有旋流 rotational flow轴对称流 axisymmetric flow不可压缩性 incompressibility不可压缩流[动] incompressible flow浮体 floating body定倾中心 metacenter阻力 drag, resistance减阻 drag reduction表面力 surface force表面张力 surface tension毛细[管]作用 capillarity来流 incoming flow自由流 free stream自由流线 free stream line外流 external flow进口 entrance, inlet出口 exit, outlet扰动 disturbance, perturbation分布 distribution传播 propagation色散 dispersion弥散 dispersion附加质量 added mass ,associated mass 收缩 contraction镜象法 image method无量纲参数 dimensionless parameter几何相似 geometric similarity运动相似 kinematic similarity动力相似[性] dynamic similarity平面流 plane flow势 potential势流 potential flow速度势 velocity potential复势 complex potential复速度 complex velocity流函数 stream function源 source汇 sink速度[水]头 velocity head拐角流 corner flow空泡流 cavity flow超空泡 supercavity超空泡流 supercavity flow空气动力学 aerodynamics低速空气动力学 low-speed aerodynamics 高速空气动力学 high-speed aerodynamics 气动热力学 aerothermodynamics亚声速流[动] subsonic flow跨声速流[动] transonic flow超声速流[动] supersonic flow锥形流 conical flow楔流 wedge flow叶栅流 cascade flow非平衡流[动] non-equilibrium flow细长体 slender body细长度 slenderness钝头体 bluff body钝体 blunt body翼型 airfoil翼弦 chord薄翼理论 thin-airfoil theory构型 configuration后缘 trailing edge迎角 angle of attack失速 stall脱体激波 detached shock wave波阻 wave drag诱导阻力 induced drag诱导速度 induced velocity临界雷诺数 critical Reynolds number前缘涡 leading edge vortex附着涡 bound vortex约束涡 confined vortex气动中心 aerodynamic center气动力 aerodynamic force气动噪声 aerodynamic noise气动加热 aerodynamic heating离解 dissociation地面效应 ground effect气体动力学 gas dynamics稀疏波 rarefaction wave热状态方程 thermal equation of state喷管 Nozzle普朗特-迈耶流 Prandtl-Meyer flow瑞利流 Rayleigh flow可压缩流[动] compressible flow可压缩流体 compressible fluid绝热流 adiabatic flow非绝热流 diabatic flow未扰动流 undisturbed flow等熵流 isentropic flow匀熵流 homoentropic flow兰金-于戈尼奥条件 Rankine-Hugoniot condition 状态方程 equation of state量热状态方程 caloric equation of state完全气体 perfect gas拉瓦尔喷管 Laval nozzle马赫角 Mach angle马赫锥 Mach cone马赫线 Mach line马赫数 Mach number马赫波 Mach wave当地马赫数 local Mach number冲击波 shock wave激波 shock wave正激波 normal shock wave斜激波 oblique shock wave头波 bow wave附体激波 attached shock wave激波阵面 shock front激波层 shock layer压缩波 compression wave反射 reflection折射 refraction散射 scattering衍射 diffraction绕射 diffraction出口压力 exit pressure超压[强] over pressure反压 back pressure爆炸 explosion爆轰 detonation缓燃 deflagration水动力学 hydrodynamics液体动力学 hydrodynamics泰勒不稳定性 Taylor instability 盖斯特纳波 Gerstner wave斯托克斯波 Stokes wave瑞利数 Rayleigh number自由面 free surface波速 wave speed, wave velocity 波高 wave height波列 wave train波群 wave group波能 wave energy表面波 surface wave表面张力波 capillary wave规则波 regular wave不规则波 irregular wave浅水波 shallow water wave深水波 deep water wave重力波 gravity wave椭圆余弦波 cnoidal wave潮波 tidal wave涌波 surge wave破碎波 breaking wave船波 ship wave非线性波 nonlinear wave孤立子 soliton水动[力]噪声 hydrodynamic noise水击 water hammer空化 cavitation空化数 cavitation number空蚀 cavitation damage超空化流 supercavitating flow水翼 hydrofoil水力学 hydraulics洪水波 flood wave涟漪 ripple消能 energy dissipation海洋水动力学 marine hydrodynamics谢齐公式 Chezy formula欧拉数 Euler number弗劳德数 Froude number水力半径 hydraulic radius水力坡度 hvdraulic slope高度水头 elevating head水头损失 head loss水位 water level水跃 hydraulic jump含水层 aquifer排水 drainage排放量 discharge壅水曲线 back water curve压[强水]头 pressure head过水断面 flow cross-section明槽流 open channel flow孔流 orifice flow无压流 free surface flow有压流 pressure flow缓流 subcritical flow急流 supercritical flow渐变流 gradually varied flow急变流 rapidly varied flow临界流 critical flow异重流 density current, gravity flow 堰流 weir flow掺气流 aerated flow含沙流 sediment-laden stream降水曲线 dropdown curve沉积物 sediment, deposit沉[降堆]积 sedimentation, deposition沉降速度 settling velocity流动稳定性 flow stability不稳定性 instability奥尔-索末菲方程 Orr-Sommerfeld equation 涡量方程 vorticity equation泊肃叶流 Poiseuille flow奥辛流 Oseen flow剪切流 shear flow粘性流[动] viscous flow层流 laminar flow分离流 separated flow二次流 secondary flow近场流 near field flow远场流 far field flow滞止流 stagnation flow尾流 wake [flow]回流 back flow反流 reverse flow射流 jet自由射流 free jet管流 pipe flow, tube flow内流 internal flow拟序结构 coherent structure猝发过程 bursting process表观粘度 apparent viscosity运动粘性 kinematic viscosity动力粘性 dynamic viscosity泊 poise厘泊 centipoise厘沱 centistoke剪切层 shear layer次层 sublayer流动分离 flow separation层流分离 laminar separation湍流分离 turbulent separation分离点 separation point附着点 attachment point再附 reattachment再层流化 relaminarization起动涡 starting vortex驻涡 standing vortex涡旋破碎 vortex breakdown涡旋脱落 vortex shedding压[力]降 pressure drop压差阻力 pressure drag压力能 pressure energy型阻 profile drag滑移速度 slip velocity无滑移条件 non-slip condition壁剪应力 skin friction, frictional drag 壁剪切速度 friction velocity磨擦损失 friction loss磨擦因子 friction factor耗散 dissipation滞后 lag相似性解 similar solution局域相似 local similarity气体润滑 gas lubrication液体动力润滑 hydrodynamic lubrication 浆体 slurry泰勒数 Taylor number纳维-斯托克斯方程 Navier-Stokes equation 牛顿流体 Newtonian fluid边界层理论 boundary later theory边界层方程 boundary layer equation边界层 boundary layer附面层 boundary layer层流边界层 laminar boundary layer湍流边界层 turbulent boundary layer温度边界层 thermal boundary layer边界层转捩 boundary layer transition边界层分离 boundary layer separation边界层厚度 boundary layer thickness位移厚度 displacement thickness动量厚度 momentum thickness能量厚度 energy thickness焓厚度 enthalpy thickness注入 injection吸出 suction泰勒涡 Taylor vortex速度亏损律 velocity defect law形状因子 shape factor测速法 anemometry粘度测定法 visco[si] metry流动显示 flow visualization油烟显示 oil smoke visualization孔板流量计 orifice meter频率响应 frequency response油膜显示 oil film visualization阴影法 shadow method纹影法 schlieren method烟丝法 smoke wire method丝线法 tuft method氢泡法 nydrogen bubble method相似理论 similarity theory相似律 similarity law部分相似 partial similarity定理 pi theorem, Buckingham theorem静[态]校准 static calibration动态校准 dynamic calibration风洞 wind tunnel激波管 shock tube激波管风洞 shock tube wind tunnel水洞 water tunnel拖曳水池 towing tank旋臂水池 rotating arm basin扩散段 diffuser测压孔 pressure tap皮托管 pitot tube普雷斯顿管 preston tube斯坦顿管 Stanton tube文丘里管 Venturi tubeU形管 U-tube压强计 manometer微压计 micromanometer多管压强计 multiple manometer静压管 static [pressure]tube流速计 anemometer风速管 Pitot- static tube激光多普勒测速计 laser Doppler anemometer, laser Doppler velocimeter 热线流速计 hot-wire anemometer热膜流速计 hot- film anemometer流量计 flow meter粘度计 visco[si] meter涡量计 vorticity meter传感器 transducer, sensor压强传感器 pressure transducer热敏电阻 thermistor示踪物 tracer时间线 time line脉线 streak line尺度效应 scale effect壁效应 wall effect堵塞 blockage堵寒效应 blockage effect动态响应 dynamic response响应频率 response frequency底压 base pressure菲克定律 Fick law巴塞特力 Basset force埃克特数 Eckert number格拉斯霍夫数 Grashof number努塞特数 Nusselt number普朗特数 prandtl number雷诺比拟 Reynolds analogy施密特数 schmidt number斯坦顿数 Stanton number对流 convection自由对流 natural convection, free convec-tion 强迫对流 forced convection热对流 heat convection质量传递 mass transfer传质系数 mass transfer coefficient热量传递 heat transfer传热系数 heat transfer coefficient对流传热 convective heat transfer辐射传热 radiative heat transfer动量交换 momentum transfer能量传递 energy transfer传导 conduction热传导 conductive heat transfer热交换 heat exchange临界热通量 critical heat flux浓度 concentration扩散 diffusion扩散性 diffusivity扩散率 diffusivity扩散速度 diffusion velocity分子扩散 molecular diffusion沸腾 boiling蒸发 evaporation气化 gasification凝结 condensation成核 nucleation计算流体力学 computational fluid mechanics多重尺度问题 multiple scale problem伯格斯方程 Burgers equation对流扩散方程 convection diffusion equation KDU方程 KDV equation修正微分方程 modified differential equation 拉克斯等价定理 Lax equivalence theorem数值模拟 numerical simulation大涡模拟 large eddy simulation数值粘性 numerical viscosity非线性不稳定性 nonlinear instability希尔特稳定性分析 Hirt stability analysis相容条件 consistency conditionCFL条件 Courant- Friedrichs- Lewy condition ,CFL condition 狄里克雷边界条件 Dirichlet boundary condition熵条件 entropy condition远场边界条件 far field boundary condition流入边界条件 inflow boundary condition无反射边界条件 nonreflecting boundary condition数值边界条件 numerical boundary condition流出边界条件 outflow boundary condition冯.诺伊曼条件 von Neumann condition近似因子分解法 approximate factorization method人工压缩 artificial compression人工粘性 artificial viscosity边界元法 boundary element method配置方法 collocation method能量法 energy method有限体积法 finite volume method流体网格法 fluid in cell method, FLIC method通量校正传输法 flux-corrected transport method通量矢量分解法 flux vector splitting method伽辽金法 Galerkin method积分方法 integral method标记网格法 marker and cell method, MAC method特征线法 method of characteristics直线法 method of lines矩量法 moment method多重网格法 multi- grid method板块法 panel method质点网格法 particle in cell method, PIC method质点法 particle method预估校正法 predictor-corrector method投影法 projection method准谱法 pseudo-spectral method随机选取法 random choice method激波捕捉法 shock-capturing method激波拟合法 shock-fitting method谱方法 spectral method稀疏矩阵分解法 split coefficient matrix method不定常法 time-dependent method时间分步法 time splitting method变分法 variational method涡方法 vortex method隐格式 implicit scheme显格式 explicit scheme交替方向隐格式 alternating direction implicit scheme, ADI scheme 反扩散差分格式 anti-diffusion difference scheme紧差分格式 compact difference scheme守恒差分格式 conservation difference scheme克兰克-尼科尔森格式 Crank-Nicolson scheme杜福特-弗兰克尔格式 Dufort-Frankel scheme指数格式 exponential scheme戈本诺夫格式 Godunov scheme高分辨率格式 high resolution scheme拉克斯-温德罗夫格式 Lax-Wendroff scheme蛙跳格式 leap-frog scheme单调差分格式 monotone difference scheme保单调差分格式 monotonicity preserving diffe-rence scheme穆曼-科尔格式 Murman-Cole scheme半隐格式 semi-implicit scheme斜迎风格式 skew-upstream scheme全变差下降格式 total variation decreasing scheme TVD scheme迎风格式 upstream scheme , upwind scheme计算区域 computational domain物理区域 physical domain影响域 domain of influence依赖域 domain of dependence区域分解 domain decomposition维数分解 dimensional split物理解 physical solution弱解 weak solution黎曼解算子 Riemann solver守恒型 conservation form弱守恒型 weak conservation form强守恒型 strong conservation form散度型 divergence form贴体曲线坐标 body- fitted curvilinear coordi-nates[自]适应网格 [self-] adaptive mesh适应网格生成 adaptive grid generation自动网格生成 automatic grid generation数值网格生成 numerical grid generation交错网格 staggered mesh网格雷诺数 cell Reynolds number数植扩散 numerical diffusion数值耗散 numerical dissipation数值色散 numerical dispersion数值通量 numerical flux放大因子 amplification factor 放大矩阵 amplification matrix 阻尼误差 damping error离散涡 discrete vortex熵通量 entropy flux熵函数 entropy function分步法 fractional step method。

流体力学英语词汇翻译（1）流体动力学 fluid dynamics连续介质力学 mechanics of continuous media介质 medium流体质点 fluid particle无粘性流体 nonviscous fluid, inviscid fluid连续介质假设 continuous medium hypothesis流体运动学 fluid kinematics水静力学 hydrostatics液体静力学 hydrostatics支配方程 governing equation伯努利方程 Bernoulli equation伯努利定理 Bernonlli theorem毕奥-萨伐尔定律 Biot-Savart law欧拉方程 Euler equation亥姆霍兹定理 Helmholtz theorem开尔文定理 Kelvin theorem涡片 vortex sheet库塔-茹可夫斯基条件 Kutta-Zhoukowski condition 布拉休斯解 Blasius solution达朗贝尔佯廖 d'Alembert paradox雷诺数 Reynolds number施特鲁哈尔数 Strouhal number随体导数 material derivative不可压缩流体 incompressible fluid质量守恒 conservation of mass动量守恒 conservation of momentum能量守恒 conservation of energy动量方程 momentum equation能量方程 energy equation控制体积 control volume液体静压 hydrostatic pressure涡量拟能 enstrophy压差 differential pressure流[动] flow热电偶高温计 thermocouple pyrometer 流线 stream line流面 stream surface流管 stream tube迹线 path, path line流场 flow field流态 flow regime流动参量 flow parameter流量 flow rate, flow discharge涡旋 vortex涡量 vorticity涡丝 vortex filament涡线 vortex line涡面 vortex surface涡层 vortex layer涡环 vortex ring涡对 vortex pair涡管 vortex tube涡街 vortex street卡门涡街 Karman vortex street马蹄涡 horseshoe vortex对流涡胞 convective cell卷筒涡胞 roll cell涡 eddy涡粘性 eddy viscosity环流 circulation环量 circulation速度环量 velocity circulation偶极子 doublet, dipole驻点 stagnation point总压[力] total pressure总压头 total head静压头 static head总焓 total enthalpy能量输运 energy transport速度剖面 velocity profile库埃特流 Couette flow单相流 single phase flow单组份流 single-component flow均匀流 uniform flow非均匀流 nonuniform flow二维流 two-dimensional flow三维流 three-dimensional flow准定常流 quasi-steady flow非定常流 unsteady flow, non-steady flow 暂态流 transient flow周期流 periodic flow振荡流 oscillatory flow分层流 stratified flow无旋流 irrotational flow有旋流 rotational flow轴对称流 axisymmetric flow不可压缩性 incompressibility不可压缩流[动] incompressible flow浮体 floating body定倾中心 metacenter阻力 drag, resistance减阻 drag reduction表面力 surface force表面张力 surface tension毛细[管]作用 capillarity来流 incoming flow自由流 free stream自由流线 free stream line外流 external flow进口 entrance, inlet出口 exit, outlet扰动 disturbance, perturbation分布 distribution传播 propagation色散 dispersion弥散 dispersion附加质量 added mass ,associated mass 收缩 contraction镜象法 image method无量纲参数 dimensionless parameter 几何相似 geometric similarity运动相似 kinematic similarity动力相似[性] dynamic similarity平面流 plane flow势 potential势流 potential flow速度势 velocity potential复势 complex potential复速度 complex velocity流函数 stream function源 source汇 sink速度[水]头 velocity head拐角流 corner flow空泡流 cavity flow超空泡 supercavity超空泡流 supercavity flow空气动力学 aerodynamics低速空气动力学 low-speed aerodynamics 高速空气动力学 high-speed aerodynamics 气动热力学 aerothermodynamics亚声速流[动] subsonic flow跨声速流[动] transonic flow超声速流[动] supersonic flow锥形流 conical flow楔流 wedge flow叶栅流 cascade flow非平衡流[动] non-equilibrium flow细长体 slender body细长度 slenderness钝头体 bluff body钝体 blunt body翼型 airfoil翼弦 chord薄翼理论 thin-airfoil theory构型 configuration后缘 trailing edge迎角 angle of attack失速 stall脱体激波 detached shock wave波阻 wave drag诱导阻力 induced drag诱导速度 induced velocity临界雷诺数 critical Reynolds number前缘涡 leading edge vortex附着涡 bound vortex约束涡 confined vortex气动中心 aerodynamic center气动力 aerodynamic force气动噪声 aerodynamic noise气动加热 aerodynamic heating离解 dissociation地面效应 ground effect气体动力学 gas dynamics稀疏波 rarefaction wave热状态方程 thermal equation of state喷管 Nozzle普朗特-迈耶流 Prandtl-Meyer flow瑞利流 Rayleigh flow可压缩流[动] compressible flow可压缩流体 compressible fluid绝热流 adiabatic flow非绝热流 diabatic flow未扰动流 undisturbed flow等熵流 isentropic flow匀熵流 homoentropic flow兰金-于戈尼奥条件 Rankine-Hugoniot condition 状态方程 equation of state量热状态方程 caloric equation of state 完全气体 perfect gas拉瓦尔喷管 Laval nozzle马赫角 Mach angle马赫锥 Mach cone马赫线 Mach line马赫数 Mach number马赫波 Mach wave当地马赫数 local Mach number冲击波 shock wave激波 shock wave正激波 normal shock wave斜激波 oblique shock wave头波 bow wave附体激波 attached shock wave激波阵面 shock front激波层 shock layer压缩波 compression wave反射 reflection折射 refraction散射 scattering衍射 diffraction绕射 diffraction出口压力 exit pressure超压[强] over pressure反压 back pressure爆炸 explosion爆轰 detonation缓燃 deflagration水动力学 hydrodynamics液体动力学 hydrodynamics泰勒不稳定性 Taylor instability盖斯特纳波 Gerstner wave斯托克斯波 Stokes wave瑞利数 Rayleigh number自由面 free surface波速 wave speed, wave velocity 波高 wave height波列 wave train波群 wave group波能 wave energy表面波 surface wave表面张力波 capillary wave规则波 regular wave不规则波 irregular wave浅水波 shallow water wave深水波 deep water wave重力波 gravity wave椭圆余弦波 cnoidal wave潮波 tidal wave涌波 surge wave破碎波 breaking wave船波 ship wave非线性波 nonlinear wave孤立子 soliton水动[力]噪声 hydrodynamic noise 水击 water hammer空化 cavitation空化数 cavitation number空蚀 cavitation damage超空化流 supercavitating flow水翼 hydrofoil水力学 hydraulics洪水波 flood wave涟漪 ripple消能 energy dissipation海洋水动力学 marine hydrodynamics 谢齐公式 Chezy formula欧拉数 Euler number弗劳德数 Froude number水力半径 hydraulic radius水力坡度 hvdraulic slope高度水头 elevating head水头损失 head loss水位 water level水跃 hydraulic jump含水层 aquifer排水 drainage排放量 discharge壅水曲线 back water curve压[强水]头 pressure head过水断面 flow cross-section明槽流 open channel flow孔流 orifice flow无压流 free surface flow有压流 pressure flow缓流 subcritical flow急流 supercritical flow渐变流 gradually varied flow急变流 rapidly varied flow临界流 critical flow异重流 density current, gravity flow堰流 weir flow掺气流 aerated flow含沙流 sediment-laden stream降水曲线 dropdown curve沉积物 sediment, deposit沉[降堆]积 sedimentation, deposition沉降速度 settling velocity流动稳定性 flow stability不稳定性 instability奥尔-索末菲方程 Orr-Sommerfeld equation 涡量方程 vorticity equation泊肃叶流 Poiseuille flow奥辛流 Oseen flow剪切流 shear flow粘性流[动] viscous flow层流 laminar flow分离流 separated flow二次流 secondary flow近场流 near field flow远场流 far field flow滞止流 stagnation flow尾流 wake [flow]回流 back flow反流 reverse flow射流 jet自由射流 free jet管流 pipe flow, tube flow内流 internal flow热电偶高温计 thermocouple pyrometer 拟序结构 coherent structure猝发过程 bursting process表观粘度 apparent viscosity运动粘性 kinematic viscosity动力粘性 dynamic viscosity泊 poise厘泊 centipoise厘沱 centistoke剪切层 shear layer次层 sublayer流动分离 flow separation层流分离 laminar separation湍流分离 turbulent separation分离点 separation point附着点 attachment point再附 reattachment再层流化 relaminarization起动涡 starting vortex驻涡 standing vortex涡旋破碎 vortex breakdown涡旋脱落 vortex shedding压[力]降 pressure drop压差阻力 pressure drag压力能 pressure energy型阻 profile drag滑移速度 slip velocity无滑移条件 non-slip condition壁剪应力 skin friction, frictional drag 壁剪切速度 friction velocity磨擦损失 friction loss磨擦因子 friction factor耗散 dissipation滞后 lag相似性解 similar solution局域相似 local similarity气体润滑 gas lubrication液体动力润滑 hydrodynamic lubrication 浆体 slurry泰勒数 Taylor number纳维-斯托克斯方程 Navier-Stokes equation 牛顿流体 Newtonian fluid边界层理论 boundary later theory边界层方程 boundary layer equation边界层 boundary layer附面层 boundary layer层流边界层 laminar boundary layer湍流边界层 turbulent boundary layer温度边界层 thermal boundary layer边界层转捩 boundary layer transition边界层分离 boundary layer separation边界层厚度 boundary layer thickness位移厚度 displacement thickness。

流体力学中英文术语Index 翻译（Fluid Mechanics）Absolute pressure,绝对压力（压强）Absolute temperature scales, 绝对温标Absolute viscosity, 绝对粘度Acceleration加速度centripetal, 向心的convective, 对流的Coriolis, 科氏的field of a fluid, 流场force and，作用力与……local, 局部的Uniform linear, 均一线性的Acceleration field加速度场Ackeret theory, 阿克莱特定理Active flow control, 主动流动控制Actuator disk, 促动盘Added mass, 附加质量Adiabatic flow绝热流with friction,考虑摩擦的isentropic,等熵的air, 气体with area changes, 伴有空间转换Bemoullii’s equation and, 伯努利方程Mach number relations,马赫数关系式，pressure and density relations, 压力-速度关系式sonic point，critical values, 音速点，临界值，stagnation enthalpy, 滞止焓Adiabatic processes, 绝热过程Adiabatic relations, 绝热关系Adverse pressure gradient, 逆压力梯度Aerodynamic forces, on road vehicles, 交通工具,空气动力Aerodynamics, 空气动力学Aeronautics, new trends in, 航空学，新趋势Air空气testing/modeling in, 对……实验/建模useful numbers for, 关于……的有用数字Airbus Industrie, 空中客车产业Aircraft航行器airfoils机翼new designs, 新型设计Airfoils, 翼型aspect ratio (AR), 展弦比cambered, 弧形的drag coefficient of , 阻力系数early, 早期的Kline-Fogleman, 克莱恩-佛莱曼lift coefficient, 升力系数NACA,(美国) 国家航空咨询委员会separation bubble, 分离泡stalls and, 失速stall speed, 失速速度starting vortex, 起动涡stopping vortex, 终止涡Airfoil theory, 翼型理论flat-plate vortex sheet theory, 平板面涡理论Kutta condition, 库塔条件Kutta-Joukowski theorem, 库塔-儒科夫斯基定理1thick cambered airfoils, 厚弧面翼型thin-airfoils, 薄翼型wings of finite span, 有限展宽的翼型A-380 jumbo jet, 大型喷气式客机Alternate states, 交替状态American multiblade farm HA WT, 美式农庄多叶水平轴风机Angle of attack, 攻角Angle valve, 角阀Angular momentum角动量differential equation of , 关于…的微分方程relation/theorem, 联系/理论Annular strips, 环形带Applied forces, linear momentum, 外加力，线性冲力Apron,of a dam, 大坝的护坦Arbitrarily moving/deformable control volume, 任意运动/可变形控制体Arbitrary fixed control volume, 任意固定控制体Arbitrary viscous motion, 随机粘性运动Archimedes, 阿基米德Area changes, isentropic flow. 域变换，等熵流Aspect ratio (AR), 展弦比Automobiles, aerodynamic forces on, 汽车，气动力A verage velocity, 平均速度Axial-flow pumps. 轴流泵Axisymmetric flow, stream function 轴对称流，流函数Axisymmetric Potential flow, 轴对称有势流hydrodynamic mass, 水力学质量Point doublet, 点偶极子point source or sink, 点源与点汇spherical Polar coordinates and, 球极坐标uniform stream in the x direction, x方向的均匀流uniform stream plus a point doublet, 均匀流附加点偶极子uniform stream plus a point source, 均匀流附加点源BBackward-curved impeller blades, 后向曲叶轮片,Backwater curves, 回水曲线Basic equations, non dimensional, 基本方程，无量纲的Bernoulli obstruction theory, 伯努利障碍理论Bernoulli's equation, 伯努利方程with adiabatic and isentropic steady flow, as绝热、等熵稳态流frictionless flow, 无摩擦流assumptions/restrictions for, 假想/约束HGLs and EGLs, 水力坡度线和能量梯度线steady flow energy and, 定常流动能量in rotating coordinates. 在旋转坐标下，Best efficiency point (BEP), pumps, 最佳效率点，Betz number, 贝兹数Bingham plastic idealization, 宾汉塑性理想化，Biological drag reduction, 生物学阻力衰减Blade angle effects, on pump head, 叶片安装角效率，泵头处Blasius equation, 布拉修斯方程Body drag, at high Mach numbers, 机体阻力，在高马赫数下Body forces, 体力Boeing Corp., 波音公司Boundaries, of systems, 边界，系统Boundary conditions. 边界条件，differential relations for fluid flow, 流体的微分关系nondimensionalizalion and, 无量纲化Boundary element method (BEM), 边界元方法2Boundary layer (BL) analysis, 边界层分析boundary layer flows, 边界层流动boundary layer separation on a half body, 边界层半体分离displacement thickness, 位移厚度drag force and, 阻力equations, 方程flat-plate. 平板，Karman's analysis, 卡门分析momentum integral estimates, 动量积分估计momentum integral relation. 动量积分关系momentum integral theory, 动量积分理论pressure gradient 压力梯度separation on a half body, 半模分离skin friction coefficient, 表面摩擦系数two-dimensional flow derivation, 二维流推导Boundary layers with Pressure gradient, 边界层压力梯度adverse gradient, 反梯度favorable gradient, 正梯度laminar integral theory, 层流积分理论，nozzle-diffuser example,喷口扩散算例Bourdon tube, 波登管Bow shock wave, 弓形激波Brake horsepower,制动马力Broad-crested weirs, 宽顶堰Buckingham Pi Theorem, 白金汉定理Bulb Protrusion, 球形突出物（船头）Bulk modulus. 体积模量Buoyancy, 浮力Buoyant particles, local velocity and, 悬浮颗粒，局部速度Buoyant rising light spheres, 浮力作用下自由上升的球体Butterfly valve, 蝶形阀CCambered airfoils, 弓型翼Cauchy-Riemann equations, 柯西-黎曼方程Cavitation/Cavitation number, 气穴/气蚀数Celsius temperature scales, 摄氏温标Center of buoyancy, 浮心Center of Pressure (CP),压力中心，压强中心Centrifugal pumps, 离心泵backward-curved impeller blades, 后曲叶轮片blade angle effects on pump head, 泵头处叶片安装角效率brake horsepower, 制动马力circulation losses, 环量损失closed blades, 闭叶片efficiency of, 效率的elementary pump theory. 基泵理论Euler turbomachine equations, 欧拉涡轮机方程eye of the casing, 泵体通风口friction losses, 摩擦损失hydraulic efficiency, 水力[液压]效率mechanical efficiency.机械效率open blades, 开放式叶片output parameters, 输出参数power, delivered, 功率，传递pump surge, 泵涌，scroll section of casing, 卷形截面，泵体，shock losses, 激波损失vaneless, 无叶片的3volumetric efficiency, 容积效率[系数]water horsepower, 水马力Centripetal acceleration, 向心加速度Channel control Point, 传送控制点Characteristic area. external flows, 特征区域，外流Chezy coefficient, 薛齐系数Chezy formula, 薛齐公式Chezy coefficient,薛齐系数flow in a Partly full circular pipe, 流体非充满的圆管流Manning roughness correlation. 曼宁粗糙度关系，normal depth estimates, 法向深度估计Choking, 壅塞；堵塞of compressors, 压缩机的due to friction, compressible duct and, 由于摩擦，可压缩管的isentropic flow with area changes, 变横截面积等熵流simple heating and, 单纯加热Circular cylinder, flow with circulation. 圆柱体，Circulation环量and flow past circular cylinder, 流体经过圆柱体losses, in centrifugal pumps, 损失，离心泵potential flow and, 有势流Circumferential pumps, 环型泵Classical venturi, 标准文氏管Closed blades, centrifugal pumps. 闭叶片，离心泵Closed-body shapes, 闭体外形，circular cylinder, with circulation, 圆柱体，环量Kelvin oval, 开尔文椭圆，Kutta-Joukowski lift theorem,库塔－儒科夫斯基升力定理，Potential flow analogs, 有势流模拟Rankine oval, 兰金椭圆rotating cylinders. lift and drag, 旋转柱体，升力与阻力Coanda effect, 柯恩达效应( 沿物体表面的高速气流在Cobra P-530 supersonic interceptor, 眼镜蛇超音速拦截机Coefficient matrix. 系数矩阵Coefficient of surface tension, 表面张力系数Coefficient of viscosity, 粘滞系数Commercial CFD codes, viscous flow, 商业的计算流体力学代码，粘流Commercial ducts, roughness values for, 商业管道Composite-flow, open channels, 合成流，开槽道Compressibility, non dimensional. 压缩性，无量纲Compressibility effects, 压缩效果Compressible duct flow with friction, 伴有摩擦的可压缩管流adiabatic, 绝热的, 隔热的choking and, 壅塞；堵塞isothermal flow in long pipelines, 管线中的等温流动，long pipelines, isothermal flow in, 管线，等温流动，mass flow for a given pressure drop, 给定压降下质量流动minor losses in, 最小损失subsonic inlet, choking due to friction, 亚音速进口，摩擦引发阻塞，supersonic inlet, choking due to friction, 超音速进口，摩擦引发阻塞，Compressible flow, 可压缩流flow with friction摩擦流choking and, 壅塞；堵塞converging-diverging nozzles, 拉瓦尔喷管converging nozzles, 收缩喷嘴Fanno flow, 法诺流动，gas flow correction factor, 气流校正参数hypersonic flow, 高超音速气流4incompressible flow, 不可压缩流isentropic.等熵的isentropic Process, 等熵过程，Mach number, 马赫数normal shock wave. 正激波the perfect gas, 理想气体Prandtl-Meyer waves. 普朗特－麦耶膨胀波shock waves. 激波specific-heat ratio, 比热比speed of sound and,声速subsonic, 亚音速的supersonic,超音速的transonic, 跨音速的two-dimensional supersonic, 二维超音速的Compressible gas flow correction factor, 可压缩气流校正因数Compressors, 压缩机Computational fluid dynamics (CFD), 计算流体力学pump simulations, 泵模拟viscous flow. 粘流Concentric annulus, viscous flows in, 同心环Cone flows, 锥体绕流Conformal mapping, 保角映射[变换] Conservation of energy, 能量守恒定律Conservation of mass. 质量守恒定律Consistent units, 相容单元Constants, 常量dimensional, 空间的pure, 纯粹的Constant velocity, fluid flow at, 常速度, 等速度Constructs, 结构Contact angle, 交会角Continuity, 连续性，equation of ,方程nondimensionalization and, 无量纲的Continuum, fluid as, 连续流体Contraction flow, 收缩流动Control Point, channel, 控制点，管道Control volume analysis,控制体分析angular momentum theorem. 角动量定理，arbitrarily moving/deformable CV,任意运动/可变形控制体arbitrarily fixed control volume, 任意固定控制体conservation of mass, 质量守恒定律control volume moving at constant velocity, 控制体以等速运动control volume of constant shape but variable velocity作变速运动的刚性控制体energy equation. 能量方程introductory definitions, 介绍性定义linear momentum equation. 线性动量方程，one-dimensional fixed control volume, 一维固定控制体，one-dimensional flux term approximations, 一维通量项近似Physical laws. 物理定律。

流体力学常用名词流体动力学fluid dynamics连续介质力学mechanics of continuous介质medium流体质点fluid particle无粘性流体nonviscous fluid, inviscid连续介质假设continuous medium hypothesis流体运动学fluid kinematics水静力学hydrostatics液体静力学hydrostatics支配方程governing equation伯努利方程Bernoulli equation伯努利定理Bernonlli theorem毕奥—萨伐尔定律Biot-Savart law欧拉方程Euler equation亥姆霍兹定理Helmholtz theorem开尔文定理Kelvin theorem涡片vortex sheet库塔—茹可夫斯基条件Kutta-Zhoukowski condition 布拉休斯解Blasius solution达朗贝尔佯廖d’Alembert paradox雷诺数Reynolds number施特鲁哈尔数Strouhal number随体导数material derivative不可压缩流体incompressible fluid质量守恒conservation of mass动量守恒conservation of momentum能量守恒conservation of energy动量方程momentum equation能量方程energy equation控制体积control volume液体静压hydrostatic pressure涡量拟能enstrophy压差differential pressure流[动] flow流线stream line流面stream surface流管stream tube迹线path，path line流场flow field流态flow regime流动参量flow parameter流量flow rate, flow discharge涡旋vortex涡量vorticity涡丝vortex filament涡线vortex line涡面vortex surface涡层vortex layer涡环vortex ring涡对vortex pair涡管vortex tube涡街vortex street卡门涡街Karman vortex street马蹄涡horseshoe vortex对流涡胞convective cell卷筒涡胞roll cell涡eddy涡粘性eddy viscosity环流circulation环量circulation速度环量velocity circulation偶极子doublet，dipole驻点stagnation point总压［力］total pressure总压头total head静压头static head总焓total enthalpy能量输运energy transport速度剖面velocity profile库埃特流Couette flow单相流single phase flow单组份流single-component flow均匀流uniform flow非均匀流nonuniform flow二维流two-dimensional flow三维流three—dimensional flow准定常流quasi—steady flow非定常流unsteady flow, non-steady flow 暂态流transient flow周期流periodic flow振荡流oscillatory flow分层流stratified flow无旋流irrotational flow有旋流rotational flow轴对称流axisymmetric flow不可压缩性incompressibility不可压缩流［动] incompressible flow浮体floating body定倾中心metacenter阻力drag，resistance减阻drag reduction表面力surface force表面张力surface tension毛细[管］作用capillarity来流incoming flow自由流free stream自由流线free stream line外流external flow进口entrance, inlet出口exit，outlet扰动disturbance，perturbation分布distribution传播propagation色散dispersion弥散dispersion附加质量added mass ，associated mass 收缩contraction镜象法image method无量纲参数dimensionless parameter几何相似geometric similarity运动相似kinematic similarity动力相似［性] dynamic similarity平面流plane flow势potential势流potential flow速度势velocity potential复势complex potential复速度complex velocity流函数stream function源source汇sink速度［水]头velocity head拐角流corner flow空泡流cavity flow超空泡supercavity超空泡流supercavity flow空气动力学aerodynamics低速空气动力学low—speed aerodynamics 高速空气动力学high-speed aerodynamics 气动热力学aerothermodynamics亚声速流[动] subsonic flow跨声速流［动］ transonic flow超声速流[动] supersonic flow锥形流 conical flow楔流 wedge flow叶栅流 cascade flow非平衡流[动] non-equilibrium flow细长体 slender body细长度 slenderness钝头体 bluff body钝体 blunt body翼型 airfoil翼弦 chord薄翼理论 thin—airfoil theory构型 configuration后缘 trailing edge迎角 angle of attack失速 stall脱体激波 detached shock wave波阻 wave drag诱导阻力 induced drag诱导速度 induced velocity临界雷诺数 critical Reynolds number前缘涡 leading edge vortex附着涡 bound vortex约束涡 confined vortex气动中心 aerodynamic center气动力 aerodynamic force气动噪声 aerodynamic noise气动加热 aerodynamic heating离解 dissociation地面效应 ground effect气体动力学 gas dynamics稀疏波 rarefaction wave热状态方程 thermal equation of state喷管 Nozzle普朗特-迈耶流 Prandtl—Meyer flow瑞利流 Rayleigh flow可压缩流［动］ compressible flow可压缩流体 compressible fluid绝热流 adiabatic flow非绝热流 diabatic flow未扰动流 undisturbed flow等熵流 isentropic flow匀熵流 homoentropic flow兰金-于戈尼奥条件 Rankine—Hugoniot condition 状态方程 equation of state量热状态方程 caloric equation of state完全气体 perfect gas拉瓦尔喷管 Laval nozzle马赫角 Mach angle马赫锥 Mach cone马赫线 Mach line马赫数 Mach number马赫波 Mach wave当地马赫数 local Mach number冲击波 shock wave激波 shock wave正激波 normal shock wave斜激波 oblique shock wave头波 bow wave附体激波 attached shock wave激波阵面 shock front激波层 shock layer压缩波 compression wave反射 reflection折射 refraction散射 scattering衍射 diffraction绕射 diffraction出口压力 exit pressure超压［强] over pressure反压 back pressure爆炸 explosion爆轰 detonation缓燃 deflagration水动力学 hydrodynamics液体动力学 hydrodynamics泰勒不稳定性 Taylor instability 盖斯特纳波 Gerstner wave斯托克斯波 Stokes wave瑞利数 Rayleigh number自由面 free surface波速 wave speed, wave velocity 波高 wave height波列 wave train波群 wave group波能 wave energy表面波 surface wave表面张力波 capillary wave规则波 regular wave不规则波 irregular wave浅水波 shallow water wave深水波 deep water wave重力波 gravity wave椭圆余弦波 cnoidal wave潮波 tidal wave涌波 surge wave破碎波 breaking wave船波 ship wave非线性波 nonlinear wave孤立子 soliton水动［力]噪声 hydrodynamic noise 水击 water hammer空化 cavitation空化数 cavitation number空蚀 cavitation damage超空化流 supercavitating flow水翼 hydrofoil水力学 hydraulics洪水波 flood wave涟漪 ripple消能 energy dissipation海洋水动力学 marine hydrodynamics谢齐公式 Chezy formula欧拉数 Euler number弗劳德数 Froude number水力半径 hydraulic radius水力坡度 hvdraulic slope高度水头 elevating head水头损失 head loss水位 water level水跃 hydraulic jump含水层 aquifer排水 drainage排放量 discharge壅水曲线 back water curve压［强水］头 pressure head过水断面 flow cross-section明槽流 open channel flow孔流 orifice flow无压流 free surface flow有压流 pressure flow缓流 subcritical flow急流 supercritical flow渐变流 gradually varied flow急变流 rapidly varied flow临界流 critical flow异重流 density current， gravity flow堰流 weir flow掺气流 aerated flow含沙流 sediment-laden stream降水曲线 dropdown curve沉积物 sediment, deposit沉[降堆］积 sedimentation, deposition沉降速度 settling velocity流动稳定性 flow stability不稳定性 instability奥尔—索末菲方程 Orr—Sommerfeld equation 涡量方程 vorticity equation泊肃叶流 Poiseuille flow奥辛流 Oseen flow剪切流 shear flow粘性流［动］ viscous flow层流 laminar flow分离流 separated flow二次流 secondary flow近场流 near field flow远场流 far field flow滞止流 stagnation flow尾流 wake [flow］回流 back flow反流 reverse flow射流 jet自由射流 free jet管流 pipe flow， tube flow内流 internal flow拟序结构 coherent structure猝发过程 bursting process表观粘度 apparent viscosity运动粘性 kinematic viscosity动力粘性 dynamic viscosity泊 poise厘泊 centipoise厘沱 centistoke剪切层 shear layer次层 sublayer流动分离 flow separation层流分离 laminar separation湍流分离 turbulent separation分离点 separation point附着点 attachment point再附 reattachment再层流化 relaminarization起动涡 starting vortex驻涡 standing vortex涡旋破碎 vortex breakdown涡旋脱落 vortex shedding压［力]降 pressure drop压差阻力 pressure drag压力能 pressure energy型阻 profile drag滑移速度 slip velocity无滑移条件 non-slip condition壁剪应力 skin friction， frictional drag 壁剪切速度 friction velocity磨擦损失 friction loss磨擦因子 friction factor耗散 dissipation滞后 lag相似性解 similar solution局域相似 local similarity气体润滑 gas lubrication液体动力润滑 hydrodynamic lubrication浆体 slurry泰勒数 Taylor number纳维—斯托克斯方程 Navier—Stokes equation 牛顿流体 Newtonian fluid边界层理论 boundary later theory边界层方程 boundary layer equation边界层 boundary layer附面层 boundary layer层流边界层 laminar boundary layer湍流边界层 turbulent boundary layer温度边界层 thermal boundary layer边界层转捩 boundary layer transition边界层分离 boundary layer separation边界层厚度 boundary layer thickness位移厚度 displacement thickness动量厚度 momentum thickness能量厚度 energy thickness焓厚度 enthalpy thickness注入 injection吸出 suction泰勒涡 Taylor vortex速度亏损律 velocity defect law形状因子 shape factor测速法 anemometry粘度测定法 visco[si］ metry流动显示 flow visualization油烟显示 oil smoke visualization孔板流量计 orifice meter频率响应 frequency response油膜显示 oil film visualization阴影法 shadow method纹影法 schlieren method烟丝法 smoke wire method丝线法 tuft method 说明氢泡法 nydrogen bubble method相似理论 similarity theory相似律 similarity law部分相似 partial similarity定理 pi theorem， Buckingham theorem静［态］校准 static calibration动态校准 dynamic calibration风洞 wind tunnel激波管 shock tube激波管风洞 shock tube wind tunnel水洞 water tunnel拖曳水池 towing tank旋臂水池 rotating arm basin扩散段 diffuser测压孔 pressure tap皮托管 pitot tube普雷斯顿管 preston tube斯坦顿管 Stanton tube文丘里管 Venturi tubeU形管 U—tube压强计 manometer微压计 micromanometer多管压强计 multiple manometer静压管 static ［pressure］tube流速计 anemometer风速管 Pitot— static tube激光多普勒测速计 laser Doppler anemometer,laser Doppler velocimeter 热线流速计 hot-wire anemometer热膜流速计 hot— film anemometer流量计 flow meter粘度计 visco[si］ meter涡量计 vorticity meter传感器 transducer, sensor压强传感器 pressure transducer热敏电阻 thermistor示踪物 tracer时间线 time line脉线 streak line尺度效应 scale effect壁效应 wall effect堵塞 blockage堵寒效应 blockage effect动态响应 dynamic response响应频率 response frequency底压 base pressure菲克定律 Fick law巴塞特力 Basset force埃克特数 Eckert number格拉斯霍夫数 Grashof number努塞特数 Nusselt number普朗特数 prandtl number雷诺比拟 Reynolds analogy施密特数 schmidt number斯坦顿数 Stanton number对流 convection自由对流 natural convection， free convec—tion强迫对流 forced convection热对流 heat convection质量传递 mass transfer传质系数 mass transfer coefficient热量传递 heat transfer传热系数 heat transfer coefficient对流传热 convective heat transfer辐射传热 radiative heat transfer动量交换 momentum transfer能量传递 energy transfer传导 conduction热传导 conductive heat transfer热交换 heat exchange临界热通量 critical heat flux浓度 concentration扩散 diffusion扩散性 diffusivity扩散率 diffusivity扩散速度 diffusion velocity分子扩散 molecular diffusion沸腾 boiling蒸发 evaporation气化 gasification凝结 condensation成核 nucleation计算流体力学 computational fluid mechanics多重尺度问题 multiple scale problem伯格斯方程 Burgers equation对流扩散方程 convection diffusion equationKDU方程 KDV equation修正微分方程 modified differential equation拉克斯等价定理 Lax equivalence theorem数值模拟 numerical simulation大涡模拟 large eddy simulation数值粘性 numerical viscosity非线性不稳定性 nonlinear instability希尔特稳定性分析 Hirt stability analysis相容条件 consistency conditionCFL条件 Courant— Friedrichs— Lewy condition ，CFL condition 狄里克雷边界条件 Dirichlet boundary condition熵条件 entropy condition远场边界条件 far field boundary condition流入边界条件 inflow boundary condition无反射边界条件nonreflecting boundary condition数值边界条件 numerical boundary condition流出边界条件 outflow boundary condition冯。

流体力学中英文词http://219.232.54.3/cgi-bin/LB5000/topic.cgi?forum=18&topic=409&show=0求解器——差分方程的求解。

主要软件：Fluent：不可压流动的优秀求解器，可压流动求解稍差，市场做得好，用的人多。

非结构网格求解器。

它不是最好的，但是是最通用的，具体还是要看你的问题。

帮助文档我已经全部翻译了。

CFX5.x：相当于Fluent的分离求解器，Ma<2有效。

基于非结构网格。

没啥好说的，优点找不到，缺点也没什幺。

CFX4.x：化学反应和多项流结构网格求解器，不了解，大家可以补充Star-CD：源于英国，日本也搞，我不喜欢有日本人的气味！西交大用得比较多。

Phoenics：英国佬的，由于决策上的失误（网格处理方面的决策），目前仍在低谷，功能强大，但使用不方便，前处理太差。

CFDRC：我最喜欢的求解器，功能比前面所有加起来的都多，解决问题极其广泛，缺点是接口较差，帮助文档有些做得较为马虎，错别字，错误的公式较多，要看懂它需要一定的基础。

Cosmos Floworks：Solidworks的一个插件，真是委屈它了，这世道美女都找有钱的主，它找的是Solidworks，和其它求解器相比，它是花瓶。

CFDesign：Cosmos Floworks的金兰姐妹，下嫁Pro/E，与Cosmos相比，各有千秋。

Numeca：针对涡轮机械的，好东西，市场没搞好，目前不得志。

Ansys Flotran：垃圾一个。

别的不说，边界条件它就根本没做好！其它还有很多，有空再写。

流体动力学fluid dynamics连续介质力学mechanics of continuous media介质medium流体质点fluid particle无粘性流体nonviscous fluid, inviscid fluid连续介质假设continuous medium hypothesis流体运动学fluid kinematics水静力学hydrostatics液体静力学hydrostatics支配方程governing equation伯努利方程Bernoulli equation伯努利定理Bernonlli theorem毕奥-萨伐尔定律Biot-Savart law欧拉方程Euler equation亥姆霍兹定理Helmholtz theorem开尔文定理Kelvin theorem涡片vortex sheet库塔-茹可夫斯基条件Kutta-Zhoukowski condition 布拉休斯解Blasius solution达朗贝尔佯廖d'Alembert paradox雷诺数Reynolds number施特鲁哈尔数Strouhal number随体导数material derivative不可压缩流体incompressible fluid质量守恒conservation of mass动量守恒conservation of momentum能量守恒conservation of energy动量方程momentum equation能量方程energy equation控制体积control volume液体静压hydrostatic pressure涡量拟能enstrophy压差differential pressure流[动] flow流线stream line流面stream surface流管stream tube迹线path, path line流场flow field流态flow regime流动参量flow parameter流量flow rate, flow discharge涡旋vortex涡量vorticity涡丝vortex filament涡线vortex line涡面vortex surface涡层vortex layer涡环vortex ring涡对vortex pair涡管vortex tube涡街vortex street卡门涡街Karman vortex street马蹄涡horseshoe vortex对流涡胞convective cell卷筒涡胞roll cell涡eddy涡粘性eddy viscosity环流circulation环量circulation速度环量velocity circulation偶极子doublet, dipole驻点stagnation point总压[力] total pressure总压头total head静压头static head总焓total enthalpy能量输运energy transport速度剖面velocity profile库埃特流Couette flow单相流single phase flow单组份流single-component flow均匀流uniform flow非均匀流nonuniform flow二维流two-dimensional flow三维流three-dimensional flow准定常流quasi-steady flow非定常流unsteady flow, non-steady flow 暂态流transient flow周期流periodic flow振荡流oscillatory flow分层流stratified flow无旋流irrotational flow有旋流rotational flow轴对称流axisymmetric flow不可压缩性incompressibility不可压缩流[动] incompressible flow浮体floating body定倾中心metacenter阻力drag, resistance减阻drag reduction表面力surface force表面张力surface tension毛细[管]作用capillarity来流incoming flow自由流free stream自由流线free stream line外流external flow进口entrance, inlet出口exit, outlet扰动disturbance, perturbation分布distribution传播propagation色散dispersion弥散dispersion附加质量added mass ,associated mass收缩contraction镜象法image method无量纲参数dimensionless parameter几何相似geometric similarity运动相似kinematic similarity动力相似[性] dynamic similarity平面流plane flow势potential势流potential flow速度势velocity potential复势complex potential复速度complex velocity流函数stream function源source汇sink速度[水]头velocity head拐角流corner flow空泡流cavity flow超空泡supercavity超空泡流supercavity flow空气动力学aerodynamics低速空气动力学low-speed aerodynamics 高速空气动力学high-speed aerodynamics 气动热力学aerothermodynamics亚声速流[动] subsonic flow跨声速流[动] transonic flow超声速流[动] supersonic flow锥形流conical flow楔流wedge flow叶栅流cascade flow非平衡流[动] non-equilibrium flow细长体slender body细长度slenderness钝头体bluff body 钝体blunt body翼型airfoil翼弦chord薄翼理论thin-airfoil theory构型 configuration后缘trailing edge迎角angle of attack失速stall脱体激波detached shock wave波阻wave drag诱导阻力induced drag诱导速度induced velocity临界雷诺数critical Reynolds number前缘涡leading edge vortex附着涡bound vortex约束涡confined vortex气动中心aerodynamic center气动力aerodynamic force气动噪声aerodynamic noise气动加热aerodynamic heating离解dissociation地面效应ground effect气体动力学gas dynamics稀疏波rarefaction wave热状态方程thermal equation of state喷管Nozzle普朗特-迈耶流Prandtl-Meyer flow瑞利流Rayleigh flow可压缩流[动] compressible flow可压缩流体compressible fluid绝热流adiabatic flow非绝热流diabatic flow未扰动流undisturbed flow等熵流isentropic flow匀熵流homoentropic flow兰金-于戈尼奥条件Rankine-Hugoniot condition状态方程equation of state量热状态方程caloric equation of state完全气体perfect gas拉瓦尔喷管Laval nozzle马赫角Mach angle马赫锥Mach cone马赫线Mach line马赫数Mach number马赫波Mach wave当地马赫数local Mach number冲击波shock wave激波shock wave正激波normal shock wave斜激波oblique shock wave头波bow wave附体激波attached shock wave激波阵面shock front激波层shock layer压缩波compression wave反射reflection折射refraction散射scattering衍射diffraction绕射diffraction出口压力exit pressure超压[强] over pressure反压back pressure爆炸explosion爆轰detonation缓燃deflagration水动力学hydrodynamics液体动力学hydrodynamics泰勒不稳定性Taylor instability盖斯特纳波Gerstner wave斯托克斯波Stokes wave瑞利数Rayleigh number自由面free surface波速wave speed, wave velocity波高wave height波列wave train波群wave group波能wave energy表面波surface wave表面张力波capillary wave规则波regular wave不规则波irregular wave浅水波shallow water wave深水波deep water wave重力波gravity wave椭圆余弦波cnoidal wave潮波tidal wave涌波surge wave破碎波breaking wave船波ship wave非线性波nonlinear wave孤立子soliton水动[力]噪声hydrodynamic noise水击water hammer空化cavitation空化数cavitation number空蚀cavitation damage超空化流supercavitating flow水翼hydrofoil水力学hydraulics洪水波flood wave涟漪ripple消能energy dissipation海洋水动力学marine hydrodynamics 谢齐公式Chezy formula欧拉数Euler number弗劳德数Froude number水力半径hydraulic radius水力坡度hvdraulicslope高度水头elevating head水头损失head loss水位water level水跃hydraulic jump含水层aquifer排水drainage排放量discharge壅水曲线back water curve压[强水]头pressure head过水断面flow cross-section明槽流open channel flow孔流orifice flow无压流free surface flow有压流pressure flow缓流subcritical flow急流supercritical flow渐变流gradually varied flow急变流rapidly varied flow临界流critical flow异重流density current, gravity flow堰流weir flow掺气流aerated flow含沙流sediment-laden stream降水曲线dropdown curve沉积物sediment, deposit沉[降堆]积sedimentation, deposition沉降速度settling velocity流动稳定性flow stability不稳定性instability奥尔-索末菲方程Orr-Sommerfeld equation涡量方程vorticity equation泊肃叶流Poiseuille flow奥辛流Oseen flow剪切流shear flow粘性流[动] viscous flow层流laminar flow分离流separated flow二次流secondary flow近场流near field flow远场流far field flow滞止流stagnation flow尾流wake [flow]回流back flow反流reverse flow射流jet自由射流free jet管流pipe flow, tube flow内流internal flow拟序结构coherent structure猝发过程bursting process表观粘度apparent viscosity运动粘性kinematic viscosity动力粘性dynamic viscosity泊poise厘泊centipoise厘沱centistoke剪切层shear layer次层sublayer流动分离flow separation层流分离laminar separation湍流分离turbulent separation分离点separation point附着点attachment point再附reattachment再层流化relaminarization起动涡starting vortex驻涡standing vortex涡旋破碎vortex breakdown涡旋脱落vortex shedding压[力]降pressure drop压差阻力pressure drag压力能pressure energy型阻profile drag滑移速度slip velocity无滑移条件non-slip condition壁剪应力skin friction, frictional drag壁剪切速度friction velocity磨擦损失friction loss磨擦因子friction factor耗散dissipation滞后lag相似性解similar solution局域相似local similarity气体润滑gas lubrication液体动力润滑hydrodynamic lubrication浆体slurry泰勒数Taylor number纳维-斯托克斯方程Navier-Stokes equation牛顿流体Newtonian fluid边界层理论boundary later theory边界层方程boundary layer equation边界层boundary layer附面层boundary layer层流边界层laminar boundary layer 湍流边界层turbulent boundary layer温度边界层thermal boundary layer边界层转捩boundary layer transition边界层分离boundary layer separation边界层厚度boundary layer thickness位移厚度displacement thickness动量厚度momentum thickness能量厚度energy thickness焓厚度enthalpy thickness注入injection吸出suction泰勒涡Taylor vortex速度亏损律velocity defect law形状因子shape factor测速法anemometry粘度测定法visco[si] metry流动显示flow visualization油烟显示oil smoke visualization孔板流量计orifice meter频率响应frequency response油膜显示oil film visualization阴影法shadow method纹影法schlieren method烟丝法smoke wire method丝线法tuft method氢泡法nydrogen bubble method相似理论similarity theory相似律similarity law部分相似partial similarity定理pi theorem, Buckingham theorem静[态]校准static calibration动态校准dynamic calibration风洞wind tunnel激波管shock tube激波管风洞shock tube wind tunnel水洞water tunnel拖曳水池towing tank旋臂水池rotating arm basin扩散段diffuser测压孔pressure tap皮托管pitot tube普雷斯顿管preston tube斯坦顿管Stanton tube文丘里管Venturi tubeU形管U-tube压强计manometer微压计micromanometer多管压强计multiple manometer静压管static [pressure]tube流速计anemometer风速管Pitot- static tube激光多普勒测速计laser Doppler anemometer, laser Doppler velocimeter热线流速计hot-wire anemometer热膜流速计hot- film anemometer流量计flow meter粘度计visco[si] meter涡量计vorticity meter传感器transducer, sensor压强传感器pressure transducer热敏电阻thermistor示踪物tracer时间线time line脉线streak line尺度效应scale effect壁效应wall effect堵塞blockage堵寒效应blockage effect动态响应dynamic response响应频率response frequency底压base pressure菲克定律Fick law巴塞特力Basset force埃克特数Eckert number格拉斯霍夫数Grashof number努塞特数Nusselt number普朗特数prandtl number雷诺比拟Reynolds analogy施密特数schmidt number斯坦顿数Stanton number对流convection自由对流natural convection, free convec-tion 强迫对流forced convection热对流heat convection质量传递mass transfer传质系数mass transfer coefficient热量传递heat transfer传热系数heat transfer coefficient对流传热convective heat transfer辐射传热radiative heat transfer动量交换momentum transfer能量传递energy transfer传导conduction热传导conductive heat transfer热交换heat exchange临界热通量critical heat flux浓度concentration扩散diffusion扩散性diffusivity扩散率diffusivity扩散速度diffusion velocity分子扩散molecular diffusion沸腾boiling蒸发evaporation气化gasification凝结condensation成核nucleation计算流体力学computational fluid mechanics 多重尺度问题multiple scale problem伯格斯方程Burgers equation对流扩散方程convection diffusion equation KDU方程KDV equation修正微分方程modified differential equation 拉克斯等价定理Lax equivalence theorem数值模拟numerical simulation大涡模拟large eddy simulation数值粘性numerical viscosity非线性不稳定性nonlinear instability希尔特稳定性分析Hirt stability analysis相容条件consistency conditionCFL条件Courant- Friedrichs- Lewy condition ,CFL condition 狄里克雷边界条件Dirichlet boundarycondition熵条件entropy condition远场边界条件far field boundary condition流入边界条件inflow boundary condition无反射边界条件nonreflecting boundary condition数值边界条件numerical boundary condition流出边界条件outflow boundary condition冯.诺伊曼条件von Neumann condition近似因子分解法approximate factorization method人工压缩artificial compression人工粘性artificial viscosity边界元法boundary element method配置方法collocation method能量法energy method有限体积法finite volume method流体网格法fluid in cell method, FLIC method通量校正传输法flux-corrected transport method通量矢量分解法flux vector splitting method伽辽金法Galerkin method积分方法integral method标记网格法marker and cell method, MAC method特征线法method of characteristics直线法method of lines矩量法moment method多重网格法multi- grid method板块法panel method质点网格法particle in cell method, PIC method质点法particle method预估校正法predictor-corrector method投影法projection method准谱法pseudo-spectral method随机选取法random choice method激波捕捉法shock-capturing method激波拟合法shock-fitting method谱方法spectral method稀疏矩阵分解法split coefficient matrix method不定常法time-dependent method时间分步法time splitting method变分法variational method涡方法vortex method隐格式implicit scheme显格式explicit scheme交替方向隐格式alternating direction implicit scheme, ADI scheme 反扩散差分格式anti-diffusion difference scheme紧差分格式compact difference scheme守恒差分格式conservation difference scheme克兰克-尼科尔森格式Crank-Nicolson scheme杜福特-弗兰克尔格式Dufort-Frankel scheme指数格式exponential scheme戈本诺夫格式Godunov scheme高分辨率格式high resolution scheme拉克斯-温德罗夫格式Lax-Wendroff scheme蛙跳格式leap-frog scheme单调差分格式monotone difference scheme保单调差分格式monotonicity preserving diffe-rence scheme 穆曼-科尔格式Murman-Cole scheme半隐格式semi-implicit scheme斜迎风格式skew-upstream scheme全变差下降格式total variation decreasing scheme TVD scheme 迎风格式upstream scheme , upwind scheme计算区域computational domain物理区域physical domain影响域domain of influence依赖域domain of dependence区域分解domain decomposition维数分解dimensional split物理解physical solution弱解weak solution黎曼解算子Riemann solver守恒型conservation form弱守恒型weak conservation form强守恒型strong conservation form散度型divergence form贴体曲线坐标body- fitted curvilinear coordi-nates [自]适应网格[self-] adaptive mesh适应网格生成adaptive grid generation自动网格生成automatic grid generation数值网格生成numerical grid generation交错网格staggered mesh网格雷诺数cell Reynolds number数植扩散numerical diffusion数值耗散numerical dissipation数值色散numerical dispersion数值通量numerical flux放大因子amplification factor放大矩阵amplification matrix阻尼误差damping error离散涡discrete vortex熵通量entropy flux熵函数entropy function分步法fractional step method。

（完整版）流体力学常用名词中英文对照流体力学常用名词流体动力学fluid dynamics 连续介质力学mechanics of continuous 介质medium 流体质点fluid particle 无粘性流体nonviscous fluid, inviscid 连续介质假设continuous medium hypothesis 流体运动学fluid kinematics 水静力学hydrostatics 液体静力学hydrostatics 支配方程governing equation 伯努利方程Bernoulli equation 伯努利定理Bernonlli theorem 毕奥- 萨伐尔定律Biot-Savart law 欧拉方程Euler equation 亥姆霍兹定理Helmholtz theorem 开尔文定理Kelvin theorem 涡片vortex sheet 库塔- 茹可夫斯基条件Kutta-Zhoukowski condition 布拉休斯解Blasius solution 达朗贝尔佯廖d'Alembert paradox 雷诺数Reynolds number 施特鲁哈尔数Strouhal number 随体导数material derivative 不可压缩流体incompressible fluid 质量守恒conservation of mass 动量守恒conservation of momentum 能量守恒conservation of energy 动量方程momentum equation 能量方程energy equation 控制体积control volume 液体静压hydrostatic pressure 涡量拟能enstrophy 压差differential pressure 流［动］flow 流线stream line 流面stream surface 流管stream tube 迹线path, path line 流场flow field 流态flow regime 流动参量flow parameter 流量flow rate, flow discharge 涡旋vortex 涡量vorticity 涡丝vortex filament 涡线vortex line 涡面vortex surface 涡层vortex layer 涡环vortex ring 涡对vortex pair 涡管vortex tube 涡街vortex street 卡门涡街Karman vortex street 马蹄涡horseshoe vortex 对流涡胞convective cell 卷筒涡胞roll cell 涡eddy 涡粘性eddy viscosity 环流circulation 环量circulation 速度环量velocity circulation 偶极子doublet, dipole 驻点stagnation point 总压[ 力] total pressure 总压头total head 静压头static head 总焓total enthalpy 能量输运energy transport 速度剖面velocity profile 库埃特流Couette flow 单相流single phase flow 单组份流single-component flow 均匀流uniform flow 非均匀流nonuniform flow 二维流two-dimensional flow 三维流three-dimensional flow 准定常流quasi-steady flow 非定常流unsteady flow, non-steady flow 暂态流transient flow 周期流periodic flow 振荡流oscillatory flow 分层流stratified flow 无旋流irrotational flow 有旋流rotational flow 轴对称流axisymmetric flow 不可压缩性incompressibility 不可压缩流[动] incompressible flow 浮体floating body 定倾中心metacenter 阻力drag, resistance 减阻drag reduction 表面力surface force 表面张力surface tension 毛细[ 管]作用capillarity 来流incoming flow 自由流free stream 自由流线free stream line 外流external flow 进口entrance, inlet 出口exit, outlet 扰动disturbance, perturbation 分布distribution 传播propagation 色散dispersion 弥散dispersion 附加质量added mass ,associated mass 收缩contraction 镜象法image method 无量纲参数dimensionless parameter 几何相似geometric similarity 运动相似kinematic similarity 动力相似[ 性] dynamic similarity 平面流plane flow 势potential 势流potential flow 速度势velocity potential 复势complex potential 复速度complex velocity 流函数stream function 源source 汇sink 速度[ 水] 头velocity head 拐角流corner flow 空泡流cavity flow 超空泡supercavity 超空泡流supercavity flow 空气动力学aerodynamics 低速空气动力学low-speed aerodynamics 高速空气动力学high-speed aerodynamics 气动热力学aerothermodynamics 亚声速流[ 动] subsonic flow 跨声速流[ 动] transonic flow 超声速流[ 动] supersonic flow 锥形流conical flow 楔流wedge flow 叶栅流cascade flow 非平衡流[ 动] non-equilibrium flow 细长体slender body 细长度slenderness 钝头体bluff body 钝体blunt body 翼型airfoil 翼弦chord 薄翼理论thin-airfoil theory 构型configuration 后缘trailing edge 迎角angle of attack 失速stall 脱体激波detached shock wave 波阻wave drag 诱导阻力induced drag 诱导速度induced velocity 临界雷诺数critical Reynolds number 前缘涡leading edge vortex 附着涡bound vortex 约束涡confined vortex 气动中心aerodynamic center 气动力aerodynamic force 气动噪声aerodynamic noise 气动加热aerodynamic heating 离解dissociation 地面效应ground effect 气体动力学gas dynamics 稀疏波rarefaction wave 热状态方程thermal equation of state 喷管Nozzle 普朗特- 迈耶流Prandtl-Meyer flow 瑞利流Rayleigh flow 可压缩流[ 动] compressible flow 可压缩流体compressible fluid 绝热流adiabatic flow 非绝热流diabatic flow 未扰动流undisturbed flow 等熵流isentropic flow 匀熵流homoentropic flow 兰金- 于戈尼奥条件Rankine-Hugoniot condition 状态方程equation of state 量热状态方程caloric equation of state 完全气体perfect gas 拉瓦尔喷管Laval nozzle 马赫角Mach angle 马赫锥Mach cone 马赫线Mach line 马赫数Mach number 马赫波Mach wave 当地马赫数local Mach number 冲击波shock wave 激波shock wave 正激波normal shock wave 斜激波oblique shock wave 头波bow wave 附体激波attached shock wave 激波阵面shock front 激波层shock layer 压缩波compression wave 反射reflection 折射refraction 散射scattering 衍射diffraction 绕射diffraction 出口压力exit pressure 超压[ 强] over pressure 反压back pressure 爆炸explosion 爆轰detonation 缓燃deflagration 水动力学hydrodynamics 液体动力学hydrodynamics 泰勒不稳定性Taylor instability盖斯特纳波Gerstner wave 斯托克斯波Stokes wave 瑞利数Rayleigh number 自由面free surface 波速wave speed, wave velocity 波高wave height 波列wave train 波群wave group 波能wave energy 表面波surface wave表面张力波capillary wave 规则波regular wave 不规则波irregular wave 浅水波shallow water wave 深水波deep water wave 重力波gravity wave 椭圆余弦波cnoidal wave 潮波tidal wave 涌波surge wave 破碎波breaking wave 船波ship wave 非线性波nonlinear wave 孤立子soliton 水动［力］噪声hydrodynamic noise 水击water hammer 空化cavitation 空化数cavitation number 空蚀cavitation damage 超空化流supercavitating flow 水翼hydrofoil 水力学hydraulics 洪水波flood wave 涟漪ripple 消能energy dissipation 海洋水动力学marine hydrodynamics 谢齐公式Chezy formula 欧拉数Euler number 弗劳德数Froude number 水力半径hydraulic radius 水力坡度hvdraulic slope 高度水头elevating head 水头损失head loss 水位water level 水跃hydraulic jump 含水层aquifer 排水drainage 排放量discharge 壅水曲线back water curve 压［强水］头pressure head 过水断面flow cross-section 明槽流open channel flow 孔流orifice flow 无压流free surface flow 有压流pressure flow 缓流subcritical flow急流supercritical flow 渐变流gradually varied flow 急变流rapidly varied flow 临界流critical flow 异重流density current, gravity flow 堰流weir flow 掺气流aerated flow 含沙流sediment-laden stream 降水曲线dropdown curve 沉积物sediment, deposit 沉［降堆］积sedimentation, deposition 沉降速度settling velocity 流动稳定性flow stability 不稳定性instability 奥尔- 索末菲方程Orr-Sommerfeld equation 涡量方程vorticity equation 泊肃叶流Poiseuille flow 奥辛流Oseen flow 剪切流shear flow 粘性流［动］viscous flow 层流laminar flow 分离流separated flow 二次流secondary flow 近场流near field flow 远场流far field flow 滞止流stagnation flow 尾流wake ［flow］回流back flow 反流reverse flow 射流jet 自由射流free jet 管流pipe flow, tube flow 内流internal flow 拟序结构coherent structure 猝发过程bursting process 表观粘度apparent viscosity 运动粘性kinematic viscosity 动力粘性dynamic viscosity 泊poise 厘泊centipoise 厘沱centistoke 剪切层shear layer 次层sublayer流动分离flow separation 层流分离laminar separation 湍流分离turbulent separation 分离点separation point 附着点attachment point 再附reattachment 再层流化relaminarization 起动涡starting vortex 驻涡standing vortex 涡旋破碎vortex breakdown 涡旋脱落vortex shedding 压［力］降pressure drop 压差阻力pressure drag 压力能pressureenergy 型阻profile drag 滑移速度slip velocity 无滑移条件non-slip condition 壁剪应力skin friction, frictional drag 壁剪切速度friction velocity 磨擦损失friction loss 磨擦因子friction factor 耗散dissipation 滞后lag 相似性解similar solution 局域相似local similarity 气体润滑gas lubrication 液体动力润滑hydrodynamic lubrication 浆体slurry 泰勒数Taylor number 纳维- 斯托克斯方程Navier-Stokes equation 牛顿流体Newtonian fluid 边界层理论boundary later theory 边界层方程boundary layer equation 边界层boundary layer 附面层boundary layer 层流边界层laminar boundary layer 湍流边界层turbulent boundary layer 温度边界层thermal boundary layer 边界层转捩boundary layer transition 边界层分离boundary layer separation 边界层厚度boundary layer thickness 位移厚度displacement thickness 动量厚度momentum thickness 能量厚度energy thickness 焓厚度enthalpy thickness 注入injection 吸出suction 泰勒涡Taylor vortex 速度亏损律velocity defect law 形状因子shape factor 测速法anemometry 粘度测定法visco[si] metry 流动显示flow visualization 油烟显示oil smoke visualization 孔板流量计orifice meter 频率响应frequency response 油膜显示oil film visualization 阴影法shadow method 纹影法schlieren method 烟丝法smoke wire method 丝线法tuft method 说明氢泡法nydrogen bubble method 相似理论similarity theory 相似律similarity law 部分相似partial similarity 定理pitheorem, Buckingham theorem 静[态]校准static calibration 动态校准dynamic calibration 风洞wind tunnel 激波管shock tube 激波管风洞shock tube wind tunnel 水洞water tunnel 拖曳水池towing tank 旋臂水池rotating arm basin 扩散段diffuser 测压孔pressure tap 皮托管pitot tube 普雷斯顿管preston tube 斯坦顿管Stanton tube 文丘里管Venturi tube U 形管U-tube 压强计manometer 微压计micromanometer 多管压强计multiple manometer 静压管static [pressure]tube 流速计anemometer 风速管Pitot- static tube 激光多普勒测速计laser Doppler anemometer ,laser Doppler velocimeter 热线流速计hot-wire anemometer 热膜流速计hot- film anemometer 流量计flow meter 粘度计visco[si] meter 涡量计vorticity meter 传感器transducer , sensor 压强传感器pressure transducer 热敏电阻thermistor 示踪物tracer 时间线time line 脉线streak line 尺度效应scale effect 壁效应wall effect 堵塞blockage 堵寒效应blockage effect 动态响应dynamic response 响应频率response frequency 底压base pressure 菲克定律Fick law 巴塞特力Basset force 埃克特数Eckert number 格拉斯霍夫数Grashof number 努塞特数Nusselt number 普朗特数prandtl number 雷诺比拟Reynolds analogy 施密特数schmidt number 斯坦顿数Stanton number 对流convection 自由对流naturalconvection, free convec-tion 强迫对流forced convection 热对流heat convection 质量传递mass transfer 传质系数mass transfer coefficient 热量传递heat transfer 传热系数heat transfer coefficient 对流传热convective heat transfer 辐射传热radiative heat transfer 动量交换momentum transfer 能量传递energy transfer 传导conduction 热传导conductive heat transfer 热交换heat exchange 临界热通量critical heat flux 浓度concentration扩散diffusion 扩散性diffusivity 扩散率diffusivity 扩散速度diffusionvelocity 分子扩散molecular diffusion 沸腾boiling 蒸发evaporation 气化gasification 凝结condensation 成核nucleation 计算流体力学computational fluid mechanics 多重尺度问题multiple scale problem 伯格斯方程Burgers equation 对流扩散方程convection diffusion equationKDU 方程KDV equation 修正微分方程modified differential equation 拉克斯等价定理Lax equivalence theorem 数值模拟numerical simulation 大涡模拟large eddy simulation 数值粘性numerical viscosity 非线性不稳定性nonlinear instability 希尔特稳定性分析Hirt stability analysis 相容条件consistency condition CFL 条件Courant- Friedrichs- Lewy condition ,CFL condition 狄里克雷边界条件Dirichlet boundary condition 熵条件entropy condition 远场边界条件far field boundary condition 流入边界条件inflow boundary condition 无反射边界条件nonreflecting boundary condition 数值边界条件numerical boundary condition 流出边界条件outflow boundary condition 冯. 诺伊曼条件von Neumann condition 近似因子分解法approximate factorization method 人工压缩artificial compression 人工粘性artificial viscosity 边界元法boundary element method 配置方法collocation method 能量法energy method 有限体积法finite volume method 流体网格法fluid in cell method,FLIC method 通量校正传输法flux-corrected transport method 通量矢量分解法flux vector splitting method 伽辽金法Galerkin method 积分方法integral method标记网格法marker and cell method, MAC method 特征线法method ofcharacteristics 直线法method of lines 矩量法moment method 多重网格法multi- grid method 板块法panel method 质点网格法particle incell method, PIC method 质点法particle method 预估校正法predictor-corrector method 投影法projection method 准谱法pseudo-spectral method 随机选取法random choice method 激波捕捉法shock-capturing method 激波拟合法shock-fitting method 谱方法spectral method 稀疏矩阵分解法split coefficient matrix method 不定常法time-dependent method 时间分步法time splitting method 变分法variational method 涡方法vortex method 隐格式implicit scheme 显格式explicit scheme 交替方向隐格式alternating direction implicit scheme, ADI scheme 反扩散差分格式anti-diffusion difference scheme 紧差分格式compact difference scheme 守恒差分格式conservation difference scheme 克兰克- 尼科尔森格式Crank-Nicolson scheme 杜福特- 弗兰克尔格式Dufort-Frankel scheme 指数格式exponential scheme 戈本诺夫格式Godunov scheme 高分辨率格式high resolution scheme 拉克斯- 温德罗夫格式Lax-Wendroff scheme 蛙跳格式leap-frogscheme 单调差分格式monotone difference scheme 保单调差分格式monotonicity preserving diffe-rence scheme 穆曼- 科尔格式Murman-Cole scheme 半隐格式semi-implicit scheme 斜迎风格式skew-upstream scheme 全变差下降格式total variation decreasing scheme TVD scheme 迎风格式upstream scheme , upwind scheme 计算区域computational domain 物理区域physical domain 影响域domain of influence 依赖域domain of dependence区域分解domain decomposition 维数分解dimensional split 物理解physical solution 弱解weak solution 黎曼解算子Riemann solver 守恒型conservation form 弱守恒型weak conservation form强守恒型strong conservation form 散度型divergence form 贴体曲线坐标body-fitted curvilinear coordi-nates [ 自] 适应网格[self-] adaptive mesh 适应网格生成adaptive grid generation 自动网格生成automatic gridgeneration 数值网格生成numerical grid generation 交错网格staggered mesh 网格雷诺数cell Reynolds number 数植扩散numericaldiffusion 数值耗散numerical dissipation 数值色散numerical dispersion 数值通量numerical flux 放大因子amplification factor 放大矩阵amplification matrix 阻尼误差damping error 离散涡discrete vortex 熵通量entropy flux 熵函数entropy function 分步法fractional step method。