全国2017年4月00831英语语法自考试题

全国2002年4月高等教育自学考试英语语法试题课程代码：00831Ⅰ。

单项选择题（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分)Choose the best answer from the choices given:1。

When they arrived at the airport, the plane _____A.already set off B。

set off alreadyC。

had already set off D.has already set off2.The moon _____ around the earth。

A。

move B。

moves C。

will move D。

has moved3.If I _____ you， I would give up the job.A.amB.beC.was D。

were4。

_____ there be life on Mars？A。

May B。

Can C.Might D。

Ought5.She pretended not _____ interested but her eyes betrayed her.A.to be B。

be C。

being D.been6.He aimed his gun _____ me.A。

to B。

at C.on D.into7.Stay _____ have dinner with us, will you？A。

to B。

or C。

and D。

here8.You can use my car， _____ you promise to be back before lunch.A。

as for as B。

as much asC。

as good as D.as long as9。

Mary listened carefully _____ she might dicover exactly what John wanted.A.so as thatB.in order thatC.in case D。

全国2018年4月自学考试英语语法试题课程代码：00831一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分)Chose the best answer from the choices given and put the letter in the blank.1. The task force is supposed_____.A. to be getting reinforcedB. that to be getting reinforcedC. to being got reinforcedD. that been got reinforced2. He muffled his voice to avoid_____.A. having been identifiedB. to be identifiedC. identifiedD. being identified3._____, I would call him in advance.A. Had I been youB. I were youC. Were I youD. I had been you4. The company encourages _____ uniforms.A. to wearB. wearsC. wearingD. have worn5. What is _____ story you have ever heard?A. funnierB. a funniestC. the funnierD. the funniest6. You may take an oral or written exam _____ you prefer.A. according asB. according toC. ifD. whether7. The Tower of London, _____ so many people lost their lives, is now a tourist attraction.A. whichB. thereC. whereD. from it8. Pride and prejudice _____ never failed to characterize the aristocracy.A. hadB. hasC. haveD. are9. Not only the players and the coach but also the referee _____ responsible for the defeat.A. wereB. wasC. isD. are10. How often _____ your car _____? I think it ought _____ twice a week at least.A. is …washed, to be washedB. is …washed, to washC. is …washed, to have washedD. has …been washed, to be washed11. The noise of the desks _____ could be heard out in the street.A. having been opened and closedB. opened and closedC. being opened and closedD. to be opened and closed12. I had hoped that Jennifer _____ a doctor, but she was not good at medicine.A. will becomeB. becomeC. would becomeD. becomes13. Most people enjoy _____.A. to flatterB. to be flatteredC. flatteringD. being flattered14. Congratulations on _____ to the university.A. having admittedB. being admittedC. admittingD. have admitted15. As we went _____ in our investigation of the case, we had more evidence of a political conspiracy.A. farB. fartherC. furtherD. farthest16. _____ his immense fortune, he died a most unhappy man.A. AlthoughB. With allC. WithD. Because of17. He takes no interest in studies; _____, he plays tennis all day.A. in shortB. insteadC. anyhowD. still18. The factory was burned down last night; _____ many workmen were thrown out of employment.A. for this sakeB. on that accountC. in that caseD. unfortunately19. The old _____ usually self-conceited as age sometimes does tell.A. isB. will beC. are to beD. are20. There _____ a tall building, several tennis courts and lots of non-deciduous trees on the center of the area.A. isB. areC. standD. appears二、选择填空题(本大题共6小题，每小题2分，共12分)Fill in the blanks with one of the items given below.21. today, today’s, todays’, the, a______ styles are not as attractive as those of ______ generation ago.22. a, the, any, some, alII believe ______ prestige of our college is as great as that of ______ other college in this area.23. Fool and Joe, Joe and thief, Fool and thief, Joe and he, Fool and heIn the sentence “Fool Joe may be, but thief he is not ”, the subjects are ______ and the themes are ______.24. a, the, any, every, allIn the United States, Women earn an average of 75 cents for ______ $1 men are paid, ______ disparity Bill Clinton has noted in the past as evidence of social injustice.25. was given, gave, has given, onto, off, over toThe evening ______ ______ singing and dancing.26. makes, made, was made, of, after, forIt started raining, so she ______ ______ the nearest shelter.三、填空题(本大题共20小题，每空1分，共20分)27. Fill in the blank with an appropriate unit noun:a ______ of sand28. Fill in the blank with an appropriate unit noun:a ______ of sunshine.29. Fill in the blank with an appropriate form of the verb given:Two players ______ (send) off the field in the restive match.30. Fill in the blank with an appropriate form of the words given:I’ve left the key on the safe. People ______ (must look) everywhere for it.31. Fill in the blank with an appropriate Preposition:I got the news prior ______ the conference.32. Fill in the blank with an appropriate preposition:She leant ______ the river to see her reflection in the water.33. Fill in the blank with an appropriate coordinator or subordinator:she was on the verge of starvation, her brother was living an extravagant life.34. Fill in the blank with an appropriate coordinator or subordinator:Not everyone can go to Cambridge ______ Oxford. You’re one of the privileged few.35. Fill in the blank with an appropriate relative pronoun:The painter lived in Beijing, ______ he was in close contact with other artists.36. Fill in the blank with an appropriate conjunct:You can phone the doctor if you like. ______, I very much doubt whether you will get him to come out on a Saturday night.37. Fill in the blank with an appropriate form of the verb given:The police ______ (be) investigating the fraud allegations against him.38. Fill in the blank with a proper form of the verb given:All of the fruit ______ (spoil).39. Fill in the blank with an appropriate from of the word given:Janet turned out as though she ______ (know) the result.40. Fill in the blank with an appropriate from of the word given:______ (honest) man than he is shall be chosen.41. Fill in the blank with an appropriate preposition:That strange idea is ______ belief.42. Fill in the blank with an appropriate coordinator or subordinator:Work hard ______ you are told to stop.43. Fill in the blank with an appropriate relative pronoun:You must return the book to ______ it belongs to.44. Fill in the blank with an appropriate relative pronoun:We talked a long while about our boyhood days, after ______ we had a good dinner.45. Fill in the blank with an appropriate adverb:Only one boy was absent, ______ Harry.46. Fill in the blank with an appropriate conjunct:You say you want to marry her. ______, you shouldn’t be quarrelling with her all the time.四、改错题(本大题共8小题，每小题1分，共8分)Correct errors in the following sentences.47. We must hurry, otherwise the seminar will start when we get there.48. He suddenly saw the answer to the problem that has occupied his mind for the last two years.49. The company has promised a rise to salary for ages, but nothing has happened yet.50. I believe youngsters read too many love stories these days to be realistic.51. Please do not use your mobile phones until after the plane lands.52. As she is fed up with working as a secretary, she thinks of finding another job.53. Francis Bacon wrote that reading made a full man.54. Go and get some fresh air! You were sitting here all morning.五、改写句子题(本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分)Rewrite the following sentences as required.55. Rephrase these sentences so as to begin each with the existential “there”:a. A small, grey monkey was wearing my best silk tie.b. Many citizens believed that the fire had been caused by foreigners.56. In answering the question below, use (a) the information given in brackets, and (b) the passive voice as ameans of achieving end-focus.Were Christopher Columbus and his men the first Europeans to discover America ? (Norsemen landed on the coast of North America in the 10th or 11th century)57. Turn the following statement into an exclamation:These old men are very nice people.58. Turn the following statement into an exclamation:They are working with great enthusiasm.59. Turn the following statement into a negative imperative:Put the box somewhere in the storeroom.60. Turn the singular noun or noun phrase into plural forms wherever possible with other necessary changes:He was anxious to increase his knowledge.61. Use modal auxiliary:They were obliged to finance from short-term loans as the debts fell due.62. Use an infinitive phrase:My friends recommended that I should give up smoking.63. Combine sentences using comparative degree (more …than …):He works carefully. I don’t work carefully enough.64. Combine the sentences into one that contains a relative clause:The monsoon season occurs in Thailand every year. It causes heavy rains.65. Combine the sentence into one that contains a relative clause:My special gratitude goes to Professor Wang. Without his help this book would not have been finished in time.66. Write a counter-factual conditional based on the given facts:Tom doesn’t travel because he doesn’t have enough money.67. Use “neither”as part of the subject:Both statements are not true.68. Use whatever cohesive device is appropriate:He sold his old house and bought a new house the next day.69. Use whatever cohesive device is appropriate:The old people are retiring and the younger people are taking over.六、名词解释题(本大题共2小题，每小题2分，共4分。

全国2018年4月自学考试英语语法试题课程代码：00831一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分)Choose the best answer from the choices given and put the letter A, B, C or D in the brackets.1. That definition leaves ______ for disagreement. ( )A. much roomB. a small roomC. many roomsD. a big room2. My train is going to arrive at Shanghai at about eight o’clock tonight. The plane I’d like to take from there ______ by then. ( )A. would leaveB. will have leftC. has leftD. had left3. The young man who has applied for the post ______ in the general manager’s office.( )A. is interviewingB. is being interviewedC. to be interviewedD. had been interviewed4. It is essential that all the exam papers ______ back before the end of the term. ( )A. must be sentB. are sentC. will be sentD. be sent5. ______ for my illness, I would have got the job in the Disneyland. ( )A. Not beingB. Without beingC. Had it not beenD. Not having been6. The car ahead of me suddenly stopped by the roadside. I think it ______ out of gas.( )A. may runB. may have runC. must runD. should have run7. The teacher won’t mind ______ the term paper. ( )A. us to delay handing inB. our delaying handing inC. our delaying to hand inD. us delay to hand in8. All the tasks ______ ahead of time, they decided to have a dinner party to celebrate.( )1A. have been finishedB. had been finishedC. having been finishedD. were finished.9. What he has done is ______ what I have done. ( )A. superior toB. more superior toC. superior thanD. more superior than10. Mary earns ______ as Jane does, but she spends less money on cosmetics than Jane.( )A. twice so muchB. twice as muchC. as much twiceD. so much twice11. We’ 11 discuss a ______ issue before we move on to the problem of our major concern.( ) A. less B. moreC. lesserD. most12. He was very disappointed ______ the salary the company offered him. ( )A. withB. toC. forD. on13. The course usually attracts 30 students each term, ______ about two-thirds are girls.( )A. among whomB. for whomC. among themD. for them14. I have never seen a TV program ______ the man cannot find a parking space at the very firsttry.( )A. whereB. whichC. whenD. there15. Everyone believes that the day will come ______ people all over the world live a rich andhappy life. ( )A. whenB. whereC. whichD. why16. The novelist and poet ______ best writer of the year. ( )A. have been awardedB. have awardedC. has awardedD. has been awarded17. Ten minutes ______ an hour when I’m depresse d. ( )2A. seemsB. seemC. seemedD. is seeming18. ______ Paul brings the money for our lunch, we’ll go right to t he cafeteria. ( )A. As far asB. As soon asC. As good asD. As much as19. The captain, together with the crew, ______ determined not to abandon the ship until all the passengers were aboard the lifeboats. ( )A. isB. areC. wereD. was20. I saw ______ girls at the cinema. ( )A. the bothB. many aC. both theD. a many二、填空题(本大题共28小题，共36分)Section A: Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words given in the group.（共8小题，每小题2分，共16分）21. isn’t, hasn’t been, haven’t been, is, are, wasThe present government, which ______ in power long, ______ trying to control inflation. It isn’t having much success.22. a, a, the, the, some, suchGetting ______ unions and ______ bosses to agree isn’t easy.23. is now believing, is now believed, has now believed, taught, teaching, being taughtIt ______ that foreign languages are most easily ______ to young children.24. am, were, has been, will be, shall be, should beI ______ anxious that nobody ______ hurt.25. if once, until, releases, releasing, released______ ______ from prison, he is likely to engage himself in the same business and commit the same crime.26. which, what, when, seen, I’ve ever seen, which I’ve ever seenIt’s the only building ______ ______ is made entirely of glass.27. believed, was believed, were believed, are, was, wereWhat ______ to be aliens from outer space ______ actually several sheep going astray.328. both, either, neither, whatever, whichever, howeverYou can keep one of the photos, ______ of them—______ you like.Section B: Fill in the blanks with the words given in brackets. Make changes or add something where necessary. (共20小题,每小题1分，共20 分)29. Let’s talk to the manager, ______ (we)?30. How long ______ (speech) you made this afternoon!31. There has been an increasing number of ______ (man) teachers in primary schools in the lastfew years.32. All ______ (town) were celebrating the victory that night.33. We’re having dinner at my ______ (aunt) tonight.34. If only they ______ (stop) this constant complaining.35. The vase ______ (sit) dangerously over the edge of the balcony.36. We ______ (call) on you yesterday, but we had visitors ourselves.37. She took a taxi to the station so that she ______ (not miss) the train.38. This ______ (cure) your cough if you had taken it.39. Several people reported ______ (hear) her cry for help.40. When are you going to have the car ______ (repair)?41. ______ (dangerous) it is, the more I like it.42. He is ______ (of a fool) than his predecessor.43. A lot of people volunteered to donate their blood ______ (of sympathy).44. With luck, you might cover your cos ts, but don’t ______ (count) it.45. The woman ______ (whom) we talked has just given birth to quintuplets successfully.46. What he did and when he did it ______ (be) the only things I want to know.47. My car is too small. Let’s rent a ______ (big).48. －Will they change it?－Yes. I ______ (imagine).三、改错题(本大题共12小题，每小题1分，共12分)Correct one error in each of the following sentences.49. The new reservoir is the two-thirds size of the old one in area.50. The friend of mine will visit me tomorrow.451. I have been seeing the movie three times, and now I want to see it again.52. I propose that a woman member of the committee appoint for the chair.53. The truth of course is that you must have to pay a professional to do it for you.54. Yesterday John went to see a house in a view to buying it.55. Because the leader couldn’t attend the meeting, so it was cancele d.56. The old lady must feel the cold a great deal because she doesn’t go out in the winter.57. When used with care, transitional words can enhance writing, however, too many of them will soon weary your reader.58. Young though he was, did he manage to make a living on his own.59. In order that the child to recover fully, an operation must be done.60. The cup was broken by someone, but I don’t know who.四、改写句子(本大题共12小题，每小题2分，共24分)Rewrite the following sentences as required.61. Using an intensifier:I have not known him tell a lie.62. Using a question tag:Bob rarely got drunk.63. Using a proper modal auxiliary:Perhaps he was working for Simons.64. Using a non-finite form:I am sure it’ll do you good if you admit that you made the mistake.65. Using a relative clause:He said that the men were thieves. This turned out to be true.66. Using an adjunct:My wife was using the vacuum cleaner. I was trying to listen to a broadcast play.67. Using an adjunct:His mother waited up. He came home.68. Using a pseudo-deft sentence:The students are going to write theses.69. Using passive voice:We must put an end to this state of things as soon as possible.570. Using extraposition:Meeting you in London that day was pleasant.71. Using inversion:Come and teach in our school. You won’t find such fine pupils anywhere else.72. Using an appropriate cohesive device:Check out the weather at your destination. If you do not check out the weather at your destination, things can be very embarrassing.五、简答题(本大题共2小题，每小题4分，共8分)Answer the following questions.73. Why do most modern English grammarians adopt a two-tense system?74. Why does co-reference between pronouns often cause our hesitation in the course of speakingand writing?6。

2017年4月高等教育自学考试英语写作真题2017年4月高等教育自学考试英语写作真题I. Supply the missing paragraph. (20 points)The following passage is incomplete with one paragraph missing. Study the passage carefully and write the missing paragraph in about 100 words. Make sure that your tone and diction are in unity with the passage provided.The Benefits of Regular ExerciseIn recent years, many people have become increasingly aware of the need for physical fitness. Almost everywhere people turn, whether to a news stall or television, advice for improving health bombards them. Although much of this advice is for commercial purposes, some of it, especially that advocating a regular exercise program, deserves serious attention. Such a program, if consisting of exercise at least thirty minutes three times a week, provides numerous benefits. Regular exericise releases tension, improves appearance, and increases stamina.The first of these benefits, the release of tension, is immediate. Tension builds in the body because of stress, anxiety, of fear. Doctors agree that participating in an active sport such as tennis or volleyball for thirty minutes eases tension. If a person swims, jogs or rides a bicycle for half that time, he would sleep better at night and have a better mood the next day. In addition, after the relief oftension, minor irritations and frustrations should be less troubling. For examples, if one is upset by the day’s work or by a traffic jam, he may rush home, argue with the family, and eatexcessively. Taking about thirty minutes to release frustrations through physical exercise could help him to avoid this behavior. Planned physical exercise, therefore, can eliminate or at least control tension.In addition to an improved appearance, increased physical strength produces stamina. A stronger, healthier body is obviously more capable of working harder and, in fact, of withstanding normal fatigue. A worker who exercises should be able to complete a forty-hour week and still retain enough energy for shopping and housework. Similarly, a student who goes to school, keeps house and perhaps works part time should accomplish tasks more efficiently. Equally important, this stamina help to keep off illnesses such as colds and influenza. Altogether, improved endurance is one of the most important benefits of a regular exercise program.Although easy solutions to weight-losing and body-shaping flood the media, actually acquiring these benefits is not easy. The rewards, however, are fully worth the effort. An established exerciseprogram makes a person feel relaxed, look good, and have adequate strength for strenuous as well as routine activities.II. Write an outline. (20points)Read the following passage carefully and compose a “sentence outline”for it.How to Raise a Moral RobotIn the future, humans will create more intelligent and more moral robots than those portrayed in the recent film Chappie. What the film touches on is perhaps the greatest challenge of raising moral robots. The toughest part is how to safely integrate robots into society. As is known, humans are the most powerfullearning machines on Earth. If robots are to be pare of human society, they have to become at least second best at learning. Is it possible for humans to produce moral robot learners?More and more scientists of artificial intelligence (AI) agree that true intelligence comes from learning, not just from programming. With a growing number of machine learning approaches available, robots can take in new information, they turn that information into instructions and learn from feedback to adjust actions in the ever-changing environments.Robot learning, however, must have limits. If scientists succeedin building sophisticated robots that can learn, they will have to establish limits to how robots learn. If robots are allowed to learn anything they can and want, they may become brutal bullies. Therefore, programmers must set rules and laws that prohibit them from learning anything socially undesirable.One approach to that problem is democratic robot learning. Programmers write a small number of fundamental norms into the robot, and let it learn the remaining ones. These fundamental norms will include prevention of harm, especially to humans, but also politeness and respect. The norms will then be translated into behavior, for example, what it means to be polite in a particular context. They also define conditions under which one fundamental norm can replace another. It’s OK, for instance, to drop politeness when a robot tries to save someone from harm.Democratic robot learning would also guide a robot in dealing with contradictory teachers. Say one person tries to reach the robot to share, and another tries to teach it to steal. In that case, the robot should ask the whole community which teacher it should listen to. After all, the norms and morals of a communityare typically held by the majority of members in that community.This approach would also prevent robots from learning something evil in human society. Humans are generally cooperativeand kind towards those whom they consider part of their group, but they can become wicked and cruel towards those outside their group, but they can become wicked and cruel towards those outside their group. If robots learn such hostile sentiments and evil actions, they may well become a threat to humanity. Take robots in some science-fiction films for example. They get out of human control, turn their human masters into slaves, and even kill them. If those horrible scenes come into reality, it would be a disaster to mankind.Somehow, society will have to protect robots from continuing dark human heritage. If successful, robots will be helpful to humanity as a whole----lending a hand in production, health care, education and elder care. That is what AI scientists should pursue, and those are the moral robots human society should raise.III. Compose an essay. (60 points)When young people look for fake boy/girlfriends to spend holidays with, they often turn to “rent-a-b oy/girlfriend” services online. Write a 300-word expository essay exploring the effects of this phenomenon.。

全国2012年4月高等教育自学考试英语语法试题课程代码00831全国20XX年4月高等教育自学考试英语语法试题课程代码：00831一、单项选择题（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）Choose the best answer from the choices given and put the letter A, B, C or D in the brackets.1．There are a lot of ________ in Xinhua Children’s Hospital. ( )A．woman doctors C．women doctorsB．woman doctor D．women doctor2．We ________ . Please fasten your seat belt. ( )A．have landed C．landedB．are landing D．land3．Mary and John ________ each other since childhood. ( )A．have been knowing C．have knownB．knew D．had known4．Almost all the main roads in the city center ________ by the end of next year. ( )A．will be widened C．will have been widenedB．were widened D．would be widened5．The factory will be fined if the work ________ by the end of the month is delayed. ( ) A．to be completedC．being completedB．will be completed D．completed6．I don’t think it advisable that the young man ________ to the important post since he has nopractical experience. ( ) A．is appointed C．be appointedB．will be appointed D．has been appointed7．Mary’s score on the test is the highest in her class; she ________ have studied veryhard. ( ) A．may C．mustB．should D．ought to8．The students are staying up late these days ________ for the final exams. ( )浙00831# 英语语法试卷第1 页（共6 页）A．to preparing C．being preparedB．to prepare D．prepared9．He tried ________ a new microphone and was able to make himself heard. ( )A．to use C．to usingB．to be used D．using10．Mr. Johnson met ________ at the party that day. ( )A．a certain retired movie funny star C．a funny certain retired movie starB．a retired certain funny movie star D．a certain funny retired movie star11．Tom likes watching TV ________ novels. ( )A．more than to read C．than readingB．more than reading D．rather than to read12．The Conservative Party is one of the ________ parties in Britain. ( )A．major C．bigB．main D．huge13．________ , he couldn’t deal with these problems. ( )A．Obviously speaking C．ObviousB．Obviously to speak D．Obviously14．The room is too cold without heating and too small for a family of four. ________ , it is betterthan I expected. ( ) A．Still C．AndB．But D．So15．________ their differences, John and Mark remain good friends all their lives.( )A．But for C．Above allB．For all D．Except for16．She is a gentle and quiet girl, ________ none of her sisters is. ( )A．who C．thatB．whom D．which17．She is married to a man who she believes ________ both makes a lot of money and lovesher. ( ) A．whoB．whom浙00831# 英语语法试卷第2 页（共6 页）C．that D．/18．Neither of them who had applied for a position in the company ________. ( )A．has been accepted C．was acceptedB．have been accepted D．were accepted19．What she wanted from him ________ just promises at thattime. ( )A．is C．wasB．are D．were20．I know I need a good car, but I can’t afford ________. ( ) A．it C．that二、填空题（本大题共28小题，共36分）Section A: Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words given in the group. (共8小题，每小题2分，共16分)21．go, goes, is going, advice, advices, piece of adviceMy special thanks ____________ to Professor Brown, who read the first draft of this bookand gave me a lot of invaluable ____________ . 22．a, a, the, the, some, such____________ beautiful is not always the same as ____________ good. 23．worrying, are worrying, has been worrying, fining, being fined, is fined The browns ____________ about their son ____________ for overspeed. 24．was, were, be, never, being, will never be, has never to beThough be ____________ reduced to poverty, he ____________ dishonest. 25．work, worked, working, tell, told, telling ____________ hard until ____________ to stop. 26．which, which, what, what, that,thatThere is something ____________ I want you to do but ____________ you hate to do. 27．what, which, that, is, are, was What he did and ____________ he said ____________ totally different. 28．such, so, it, make, to make, made____________ is not funny at all ____________ fun of a disabled man.B．one D．this浙00831# 英语语法试卷第3 页（共6 页）Section B: Fill in the blanks with the words given in brackets. Make changes or addsomething where necessary. ( 共20小题，每小题1分，共20分)29．Let’s not talk to the director, ____________ (we)?30．You say you took the book without his permission. ___________ (other words), you stole it. 31．The book will provide a ____________ (stimuli) to research in this very important area. 32．They speak ____________ (not French) nor German, but a curious mixture of the two. 33．In my ____________ (mind) eye, she remains a little girl of six although she’s actually agrown woman.34．I’m afraid you ____________ (have) to be responsible for everything you do after yo u’reeighteen.35．Look at the dark clouds. It ____________ (rain).36．Mary is naughty, but she____________(be) a good girl today. 37．Congress has decided that the present law____________(maintain). 38．―The lights have gone out. ―A fuse____________(blow).39．Having finished the first project, John went on____________(work) on another one. 40．____________ (stand) on the church tower, the whole village could be seen. 41．When I told her the news, she became all____________(depressed). 42．How much did the second____________ (expensive) has cost? 43．I think the noise____________(come) below the window.44．Don’t get____________(mad) the children. They don’t know what they’ve done.45．____________ (consider) the strength of the opposition, we did very well to score two goals. 46．That is the reason____________(for) he is leaving so soon. 47．Each man and woman____________(be) asked to complete a form. 48．I don’t want____________(there be) any disturbance during my lunchbreak. 三、改错题（本大题共12小题，每小题1分，共12分）Correct one error in each of the following sentences. 49．―Did you work out the solution to this problem?―I am at my wits end with this problem.50．I’m going to buy a new coat. The weather report says it is very cold.浙00831# 英语语法试卷第4 页（共6 页）51．Far is it from me to call him a thief.52．She talked a long time, and in the end she could make him believe her. 53．The Himalayas have a magnificent variety of plant and animal life. 54．The additional work will take five another weeks. 55．Such chances should never be let to slip.56．There is something wrong with the car; it needs overhauled.57．Having paid my taxes, the amount left in the bank is hardly worth mentioning. 58．Just take a look at that fellow, so you’ll get sick.四、改写句子（本大题共12小题，每小题2分，共24分）Rewrite the following sentences as required. 61．Adding a suitable tag to the following statement:I don’t believe you’ve finished knitting that cardigan yourself.62．Reinforcing the negation in the following sentence: No one on the committee approved of my proposal. 63．Combining the two sentences by using coordination:He himself is interested in the subject. All his students are beginning to show an interest in it. 64．Combining the two sentences by using an adverbial clause: John spoke through a microphone. He could be heard in every room. 65．Combining the two sentences by using a conjunct:The house was in bad repair. It was to be sold at a reduced price. 66．Combining the two sentences by using a conjunct: The term papers were very brief. They were better than I had expected. 67．Using extraposition:Whether there was gold left in the mine was not known. 68．Using fronting:The plane dived into a large crowd of spectators. 69．Using a modal auxiliary:I’m sure that he is working late at the office.浙00831# 英语语法试卷第5 页（共6 页）70．Using whatever cohesive device is appropriate:We are told that he will come tonight, and if he comes tonight, our meeting will be heldtomorrow. If he doesn’t come tonight, there won’t be any meeting tomorrow. 71．Using whatever cohesive device is appropriate:I finally threw out my dirty tennis shoes, which pleased my mother tremendously. 72．Using subjunctive mood:I had recommended him to be placed in a more responsible position. 五、简答题（本大题共2小题，每小题4分，共8分）Answer the following questions.73．Give a brief answer to the criteria of the classification of open class words and theirsignificance.74．List the types of subjunctive mood with examples.。

全国2006年4月高等教育自学考试英语语法试题课程代码：00831全国2007年4月高等教育自学考试英语语法试题课程代码：00831第一部分选择题（共21分）一、单项选择题（本大题共21小题，每小题1分，共21分）在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其选出并将“答题卡”的相应代码涂黑。

未涂、错涂或多涂均无分。

1．The general sent out word that no one in the bunker ________ to bed until further orders. A．will go B．would go C．was about to go D．was to go 2．He ________ violin when I want to sleep.A．always plays B．play always C．is always playing D．always is playing 3．James has just arrived, but I d idn’t know he ________ until yesterday.A．will come B．was coming C．had been coming D．comes 4．I only called the police when I ________ everything else.A．tried B．was trying C．had tried D．had been trying 5．Mother wished I ________ you what she ________.A．didn’t tell; said B．didn’t tell; has said C．didn’t tell; had said D．hadn’t told; said 6．Jean Wagner’s most enduring contribution to the study of Afro-American poetry is his insistence that it ________ in a religious, as well as worldly, frame of reference.A．is to be analyzed B．were analyzed C．be analyzed D．should have been analyzed 7．The teacher said that Jane ________ work harder the following semester.A．have to B．had better C．had better to D．would rather to 8．The twins had been away for such a long time that many people in the village thought they ________.A．ought to have died B．should have died C．must have died D．could have died 9．“I ________ go out today. If I do, I ________ in a storm. ” I s aid to myself when I heard the weatherman say there would be a heavy rain that day.A．had better not to; might have been caught B．had better; may be caughtC．would not; might have been caught D．had better not; may be caught 10．I hope that it is possible to achieve this objective by calling on the smokers ________ good judgment and show concern for others rather than by regulation.A．to be using B．to have been using C．use D．to use 11．When ________ to tell the difference between British and American English, the linguist made a long and ________ speech.A．asked; tired B．asked; tiring C．asking; tiring D．be asked; tired 12．The money would have to be raised by ________ taxation.A．far B．farther C．farthest D．further 13．Their plane arrived ________ San Francisco this morning.A．from B．at C．to D．on 14．The delegation ________ Russia will visit London this afternoon.A．in B．from C．at D．for 15．Her mother can’t speak English ________ French, but is good at Japanese.A．yet B．or C．neither D．while16．He became a successful actor ________ his father never was.A．who B．whom C．that D．when 17．The manager fulminated against his secretary, ________ surprised me.A．who B．whom C．that D．which 18．He graduated from college ________ his parents divorced.A．which B．before C．while D．that 19．She sat ________ the table in the restaurant.A．in B．with C．from D．at 20．Young ________ he was, he managed to make a living on his own.A．although B．since C．though D．thus 21．________ you had been here, we wouldn’t have had so much trouble then.A．when B．if C．as D．since 第二部分非选择题（共79分）二、多项选择填充题（本大题共8小题，每小题2分，共16分）Fill in each of the blanks with one of the items given.22．is, are, was, were, itself, himself, themselvesThe trade union ________ believed to regard ________ as an organization where the molested could seek advice and help.23．is, are, was, were, will be, are going to be, have, has, hadThe beautiful ________ something that the innocent ________ not always able to appreciate fully.24．preferred, prefers, is, are, was, were, will be, shall beDuring the holiday week, one-third of the students in our class ________ prepared to stay on campus for study while around ten percent of them ________ some more sleep at home. 25．is, are, has, have, havingThe average British family, which ________ smaller and richer than 50 years ago, ________ 3. 6 members.26．were, was, had, propaganda, propagandasLarge amounts of money ________ spent on ________.27．than, as, more, most, theThe ________ information that comes in, ________ more confused the picture becomes. 28．than, as, more, so, lessI’m not going out with a man who’s twice ________ old ________ me.29．analysis, criteria, diabetes, gentry, pants, physicsa. Singular only: ________________________________________b. Plural only: __________________________________________三、填空题（本大题共16小题，每小题1分，共16分）Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate word or phrase.30．Nobody in the class agrees with you, ________________?31．Everyone is excited by the news, ________________?32．Let’s not take John with us on our family outing this time, ________________?33．John hardly speaks to anybody in the class, ________________?34．She’s lost almost ________________ friend she had.35．He lost ________________ parents when he was a child.36．The noise of the party stopped me getting ________________ sleep.37．When you were in London, did you visit ________________ Tower, too?38．He said that he ____ （feed）up with college instructors who tried to teach him to use the “scientific method”.39．It is surprising that this innocent-looking girl ________________ （commit）such a crime. 40．I appreciate ________ （give）the opportunity to study abroad three years ago.41．I think his failure in the experiment resulted ________ his carelessness.42．This car is very expensive. You have to pay half a million dollars ________ it.43．With an appropriate conjunctiveLast month I bought a watch. It is cheap, ________ it goes quite well.44．With an appropriate relative pronounMy brother speaks English fluently, ________ I don’t.45．He can not choose his own job, ________ can I.四、改错题（本大题共11小题，每小题1分，共11分）Correct one error in each of the following sentences.46．I think you should go for school earlier today.47．She said she was afraid at her father.48．-“Which newspaper would you like? ”-“It doesn’t matter. Every one. ”49．I spent the all of the summer at home.50．The girl often heard to sing the same song at the same time in her room.51．Being not helped by anybody, he is not likely to succeed.52．Should we always follow the advice of our olders?53．He stood there, his eyes closed and his hands in the pockets, looking half asleep.54．I met another boyfriend of Lucy yesterday.55．The project on that we have been working for five weeks is a great success.56．Which she does is often at variance with what she says.五、改句（本大题共13小题，每小题2分，共26分）Rewrite the following sentences as required.57．Turning the following imperative into a tag questionDon’t let the children eat a lot of sweets and ice creams.58．Using a relative pronounI am going to the airport to meet Mr Johnson.He is a close friend of mine.59．Using a relative pronounShe is a lawyer. I know her.60．Using an adjunctMary decided to stay in her London apartment.She was growing sick of city Life.61．Using the passive voiceCouldn’t we ask someone to take on the job privately without anyone knowing? 62．Using a modal verbAm I not right in supposing this is the one you want?63．Using a nonfinite verb formAt a very early stage, Paderewski revealed that he was a master of the keyboard. 64．Using an adjunctHis child had gone to school. He could concentrate on his research work.65．Using extrapositionTo see all the high school kids standing on one foot outside school property and puffing away furtively and defiantly on their cigarettes makes a disappointing view.66．Using frontingHe plunged into the tumultuous water in order to save the girls.67．Rewriting B’s answer by using a cohesive deviceA: Is John trying to enter Harvard Law School?B: No, I don’t think John is trying to enter Harvard Law School. He hates lawyers. 68．Rewriting the second sentence by using a cohesive deviceMy wife and I take a walk after supper this evening. In fact, we take a walk every evening. 69．Rewriting the second clause by using a cohesive deviceThe limited seats should be given to old people and the younger people are advised to stand for a while.六、名词解释（本大题共3小题，每小题2分，共6分）Define the following terms with examples.70．Participles71．What is “fronting”?72．Define “ellipsis”七、简答题（本大题共2小题，每小题2分，共4分）Answer the following questions.73．List at least 4 means of expressing future time.74．What’s the difference between a simple verb phrase and a complex verb phrase?2007年4月高教自考英语语法试卷参考答案一、单项选择题：（本大题共21小题，每小题1分，共21分）1.D2.C3.B4.C5.D6.C7.B8.C9.D 10.D 11.B 12.D 13.B 14.B 15.B16.C 17.D 18.B 19.D 20.C 21.B二、多项选择题：（本大题共8小题，每小题2分，共16分，多选、少选、错选均无分）22. was , itself23. is, are24.were, preferred25. is, has26. were; propaganda27. more; the28.as, as29.a . physics, diabetes, analysis b. pants, gentry, criteria三、填空题：（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）30.do they 31. aren’t they/ isn’t he 32. shall we 33. does he 34. every 35.both/ his 36. any/ some 37. the 38.was fed 39. should have committed 40. having been given41.from 42. for 43. but/ yet 44. which 45. neither/ nor四、改错题：（本大题共8小题，每小题1分，共8分）46. go to 47. was afraid of 48. Any/ Eitherone49. 改：the whole of the summer// all summer50. 改：was often heard51. 改：Not being helped52. 改：our elders53. 改：his hands54. 改：Lucy’s55. 改：on which56. 改：What she五、改写句子题：（本大题共13小题，每小题2分，共26分）57. Don’t let the children eat a lot of sweets and ice creams, will you?58. I am going to the airport to meet Mr Johnson who is a close friend of mine.59. She is a lawyer who/that/whom I know60. Mary decided to stay in her London apartment though she was growing sick of city Life.61. Couldn’t anyone be asked to take on the job privately without anyone knowing?62. Will this be the one you want?63. At a very early stage, Paderewski revealed himself to be a master of the keyboard.64. As his child had gone to school, he could concentrate on his research work.65. It makes a disappointing view to see all the high school kids standing on one foot outside school property and puffing away furtively and defiantly on their cigarettes66. Into the tumultuous water, he plunged in order to save the girls.67. A: Is John trying to enter Harvard Law School?B: No, I don’t think he is trying to enter Harvard Law School, for he hates lawyers.68. My wife and I take a walk after supper this evening. In fact, we do it every evening.69. The limited seats should be given to old people and the younger ones are advised to stand for a while.六、名词解释题：（本大题共2小题，每小题2分，共4分）70. Participles belong to non-finite verb. There are 2 kinds of them: -ing Participles and –ed Participles.71.Fronting: remove an item from its unmarked postsubject position to the marked presubject position.As fronting moves an item into initial position which shouldn’t be there , and it disturbs the expected information flow and brings about unusualness./ It shift an item from the final position to the front. And it achieves the effect of parallelism and contrast.72. Ellipsis : a kind of coherent devices leaves out the redundant/wordy part and do not provide a substitute.七、简答题：（本大题共3小题，每小题2分，共6分）73. future expressions:1.will/ shall:2.Be going to3.be doing: plan4.simple present:5.will be doing:6.be about to do:7.be to do:74. The simple verb phrase: a verb phrase goes without* auxiliaries (main verb & modifier + mainverb) Eg: He likes music. Or : I often visited the park.The complex verb phrase: a verb phrase goes with* auxiliaries.Eg: I have finished the book. Or: We will go there.全国2008年4月高等教育自学考试英语语法试题课程代码：00831一、单项选择题Choose the best answers from the choices given and put the letter in the brackets.1. Natalie _____fault with the way her husband eats.（）A. has always foundB. always foundC. is always findingD. always finds2. We _______ in France now，but the flight _______.（）A. are; puts offB. were; was put offC. were to arrive; put offD. were to have been; was put off3. The ghost _______ as the clock _______ twelve.（）A. appeared，was strikingB. appeared，struckC. was appearing，struckD. was appearing，was striking4. Once a satellite _______ into orbit round Pluto，scientists will be able to find a great deal.（）A. will be putB. has been putC. would be putD. was put5. You talk as though it _______ a small thing to leave the country for good.（）A. isB. wasC. will beD. were6. The method of painting is known as _______ far back as the Song Dynasty.（）A. to be usedB. to have usedC. to have been usingD. to have been used7.There used to be an old apple tree in the garden，_______?（）A. used thereB. could thereC. was thereD. use there8. The boss demanded that the letter _______typed today.（）A. can beB. should beC. shall beD. must be9. Aren’t you tired? I _______ you _______ enough for today.（）A. think; didB. thought; had doneC. would have thought; had doneD. should have thought; did10. Let me start with a _______ issue before I explain the problem of our major concern.（）A. lessB. moreC. lesserD. least11. I went to see my parents _______ National Day.（）A. onB. atC. inD. for12. They are going to visit Sydney _______ Christmas.（）A. atB. inC. forD. on13. While _______ for costs _______，my solicitor’s case quite obviously revolved around the fact that I had a ‘brilliant academic record’.（）A. asked; awardedB. asking; awardedC. asked; to be awardedD. asking; to be awarded14. The mother didn’t know who _______ for the broken vase.（）A. blamesB. blamedC. to blameD. will blame15. Judging from the latest information，you’d better make up your mind now _______ it is too late.（）A. afterB. sinceC. whenD. before16. She was very angry with the person _______ called her early in the morning. （）A. whichB. whoC. whomD./17. Thank you very much for the lovely toy _______ you sent my son.（）A. whereB. whoC. whomD./18. _______，they refused to come to the party.（）A. Strange enoughB. SlowlyC. HappilyD. Always19. It is true that John drove _______.（）A. franklyB. all of a suddenC. slowlyD. clearly20. She stood up _______ order to see better.（）A. inB. byC. atD. on21. I used to read a lot ______ I don’t have much time for books now.（）A. althoughB. sinceC. asD. neverthelessCDABD DCBAC AACCD BDACA A二、多项选择题Fill in each of the blanks with one of the items given.22. is，are，was，were，will be，shall beExcept for the eatable that _______ allowed into the spot，everything else ___ ___ confiscated that day.23. is，are，was，were，itself，himself，themselvesThe family ______ enjoying _______ immensely at the Spring Festival dinner party.24. be，is，was，are，were，will be，shall bea. Three years _______too long a time for the master program.b. Three-fourths of the water in the bottle _______ expected to leak out within ten minutes.25. than，as，more，so，lessShe speaks French _______ well _______ the rest of us.26. is，are，has，have，havingA team which ______ full of enthusiasm _______ a better chance of winning.27. woman，women，has，have，havingThe number of _______ doctors in the hospital ______ increased dramatically over the past decade.28. than，as，more，most，the_______ more money he makes，the _______ useless things he buys.29. bacteria，optics，nucleus，jeans，measles，cattlea. Singular only: nucleus，_optics__,_ measles_b. Plural only: bacteria，_jeans，_ cattle_22 .were was 23.were themselves 24.is is 25. So as 26.is has 27.women has28.the more三、填空题Fill in each of the blanks as required.A. With questions tags:30. Nobody agreed with you，_______?31. Let’s go out to dinner，_______?32. You had your watch repaired yesterday，_______?33. Close the door，_______?B. With a determiner:34. There is a line of trees on _______ side of the river.35. “Can you come on Saturday or Sunday?”“I’m afraid _______ day is possible.”36. I suddenly realized I’d come out without _______ money.37. Do you know _______ Browns? They live next to us.C. With an appropriate form of the verb or verb phrase given:38. They arranged that the demonstration ______ (take place) in their new showrooms.39. Observations __are made_____ (make)daily at two hundred weather stations in and around the British Isles，which send in reports every three hours.40. She couldn’t find her way to my apartment_______ (give)the wrong address.D. With an appropriate preposition:41. The man was accused _______ stealing a diamond ring.42. The woman driver was charged _______ speeding.E. With an appropriate conjunctive:43. Mr Smith graduated from California University in 2001 _______ now he is working as a lawyer.F. With an appropriate relative pronoun:44. He is a very capable manager，_______none of his predecessors was.45. A few years later Mary returned home as a famous musician，a fact ______ came as quite a surprise to her friends.30 did he 31 shall we 32didn’t you 33 will you 34 each/either/the 35 neither 36 much 37 the38 would take place 39 are made 40 having been given 41of 42 for 43 and 44 which 45 which四、改错题Correct one error in each of the following sentences.46. He watched each gesture of her as if she was a stranger.He watched each gesture of hers as if she was a stranger.47. Every person in turn went to see the doctor.Each person in turn went to see the doctor.48. On the stand there were newspapers and magazines of any kind.On the stand there were newspapers and magazines of some kind.49. I’ve just read whole of Pride and Prejudice.I’ve just read the whole of Pride and Prejudice.50. It is known to all that 70% of the earth are consisted of water.It is known to all that 70% of the earth is consisted of water.51. Running into the room，a rug caught her foot and she fell.When running into the room，a rug caught her foot and she fell.52. His two sons look the same age. Which is the older?His two sons look the same age. Which is the elder?53. Why didn’t you go with your friends in the trip at Africa?Why didn’t you go with your friends in the trip to Africa?54. I’m afraid the boy is very rude at his parents.I’m afraid the boy is very rude to his parents.55. Do you like the idea which we risk cheating in the English exam?Do you like the idea that we risk cheating in the English exam?56.The man about which they talked happens to be the new director of their department.The man about whom they talked happens to be the new director of their department.五、改写句子题Rewrite the following sentences as required.A. Turning the following statement into a YES-NO question57. He’s always telling me that I don’t plan for the future.Is he always telling you that you don't plan for the future?B. Using relative pronouns58. Jack was born in Brisbane. It is a beautiful city in Australia.Jack was born in Brisbane, whihc is a beautiful city in Australia.59. John is a very agreeable person. His brother is not an agreeable person at all.John is a very agreeable person,which his brother is not at all.C. Using an adverbial clause60. She wasn’t feeling well. As a result she went to lie down on the couch. Because she wasn't feeling well, she went to lie down on the couch.D. Using passive voice61. People are not paying enough attention to such kind of illness in this district.Enough attention is not payed to such kind of illness in this district./Such kind of illness in this district is not paid enough attention to by people.62. All the tourists who want to swim in the beach must observe this rule. This rule must be observed by all the tourists who want to swim in the beach.E. Using a modal auxiliary63. To get laid off was the last thing he ever anticipated.He never anticipated that he could get laid off.F. Using nonfinite verb form64. I can’t imagine that he would ever agree to such a proposition.I can’t imagine his/ him ever agreeing to such a proposition.65. She ran from the house. This looked as if she were escaping.She ran from the house,looking as if escaping.G. Using discontinuity66. Excessive drinking is more harmful than expected to anybody.Excessive drinking is more harmful to anybody than expected.H. Using whatever cohesive device is appropriate67. If you mark your luggage conspicuously，other passengers will not mistake your luggage with their own luggage.If you mark your luggage conspicuously，other passengers will not mistake it with their own.68. If John wants to marry Susan soon，he shouldn’t quarrel with Mary over such a trivial matter.If John wants to marry Susan soon，he shouldn’t quarrel with her over such a trivial matter.69. He lost his old bike so he bought a new bike the next day.He lost his old bike so he bought a new one the next day.六、名词解释Define the following terms with examples.70. Non-finite verbs: The non-finite verbs are so called because they are not marked for tense or for subjectverb concord. In form, it has the features of aspect and tense, while in its function, it can be object, complement, adverbial ,etc. We recognize three type of nonfinite verbs: infinitive (further divided into to-infinitive and bare infinitive), -ing participle and -ed participle.71. ExtrapositionExtraposition, as a grammatical device for postpoing the important item, is defined as "the replacement of the postponed item by a substitute form." The extraposed item is almost always a nominal clause, which satisfies the desire for end-weight. In function, the extraposed item can be subject or object; in form, it can be finite or non-finite. When we remove a clausal subject or object to the final position, we use the anticipatory it to fill in the slot.72. TextThe term "text" refers to a unified passage, which may be spoken or written ,prose or verse, dialogue or monologue. It may be anything from a single proverb to a whole play, from a momentary cry for help to an all-day discussion on a committee. A text is a hingher-level unit than a sentence but is related to a sentence in the same way that a sentence is related to a clause, a clause to a phrase and a phrase to a word. A text is more a semantic unit than a grammatical one. In other words, a unified text is one that is not only structurally well-integrated but also semantically coherent.七、简答题Answer the following questions.73. Illustrate with examples 2 major classes of auxiliaries other than modal auxiliary.1.The couple have lived here for ten years.2.Don't come over there.3.When did he drive to station to meet his sister?74. What are special features about modal auxiliaries in semantics and in syntax?Modal auxiliaries are a special group of words that have unique features both in syntax and in semantics. They are often described as inflectionally defective verbs, because in synactic terms they lack a full set of forms - not having non-finite forms or being marked for concord with the subject.In semantis, modeal auxilliaries are all the more complicated because nearly all of them are polysemous and , as a consequence, their interpretation is such that we forever feel the need to resort to context for clues.全国2008年7月高等教育自学考试英语语法试题课程代码：00831一、单项选择题（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）Choose the best answer from the choices given and put a letter A,B,C or D in the bracket. 1．I wish I _______ to repair the bike. I only made it worse.（）A．did not try B．wouldn’t try C．had not tried D．wouldn’t have tried2. She earns a good salary, so the _______ be deep in debt.（）A．can’t B．mustn’t C．may not D．needn’t3. Larry is _______ liberal-minded of the two executives.（）A．the more B．more C．the most D．most4. John is eighteen and his brother is two years _______.（）A．elder B．older C．young D．youngest 5. She bought a house _______ her parents.（）A．at B．to C．in D．for6. We had to sleep in our wet clothes, _______ was most uncomfortable.（）A．it B．which C．and D．that7. She cooks _______ that reminds me of her mother.（）A．on the way B．by the way C．the way D．in a way 8. Pride and Prejudice _______ never failed to characterize the aristocracy.（）A．had B．has C．have D．are9. A: Can I have these apples, Mum?（）B: You just had a big _______.A．thing B．it C．one D．two 10. The last time I _______ her, she _______ at a medical college.（）A．was visiting; studied B．visited; studiesC．visited; was studying D．was visiting; was studying11. The numerical evaluation of an intelligence test _________ by a small subsection of that society which _______ to foist itself on the rest of us as an arbiter of such matter.（）A．has been determined; has been managed B．is determined; is managed C．has determined; is managed D．is determined; has managed12. She _______ it, because she was not on the spot then.（）A．shouldn’t have done B．wouldn’t have done C．mustn’t have done D．couldn’t have done13. why not _______ to her?（）A．proposing B．proposed C．propose D．did propose14. There exists negligence in the use of land. _______, it may not be ruined.（）A．When giving proper care B．Unless giving proper care C．Given proper care D．Been given proper care15. This school has offered _______ you want.（）A．math books as many as B．as many math books asC．as many as math books D．many as math books16. In 1980 he caught a serious illness _______ effect he still suffers.（）A．which B．from whose C．whose D．from which 17. Both players, _______ reached the final, played well.（）A．neither of whom B．neither C．both of them not D．neither of them 18. _______, I don’t like his work at all.（）A．As I admire him very much B．Admire him much as I do C．Very much as I admire him D．Much as I admire him19. The old _______ usually self-conceited as age sometimes does tell.（）A．is B．will be C．are to be D．are 20. It is sad experience to see all the high school kids _______ there like fools.（）A．to stand B．standing C．having stood D．stood 二、选择填空题（本大题共8小题，每小题2分，共16分）Fill in each of the blanks with one of the items given.21. was completed is completed, is equipped, was equippedThe hotel, which ________ only last year, ________ with a solarium and sauna.22. be, is was, are, were, will be, shall beA. Twenty years ________ very long but not long enough to change a Roman nose into a pug.B. Three-fourths of the surface of the earth ________ sea.23. that, which, it, where, who, whomThe air then passes to a compressor, ________ it is compressed, and from ________it is delivered to the combustion chambers.24. be, is, was, are, were, will be, shall be, has, have, hadA. He demanded that the dinner ________ paid in US dollars.B. He hopes his dream ________ realized after his graduation from college.25. an, the, these, is, areThe Japanese ________ ________industrious people.26. has, have, itself, themselves, themThe committee ________ been arguing among ________all morning.27. no, not a, neither, nor, noneA. They proposed several solutions, but ________ seemed to be very satisfactory.B. “Can you come on Monday or Tuesday?”“I’m afraid ________ day is possible.”28. police, acoustics, nucleus, pajamas, measles, cattleA. Singular only: ________B. Plural only: ________三、填空题（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate word or phrase.A. Fill in the blank with an assertive, non-assertive or negative word:29. If you’re ________ in Shanghai, do give me a ring.30. Surely ________ knows where the documents are.B. Fill in the blank with a proper form of the word or phrase in the bracket:31. Since I broke my leg, I ________ (depend) on my niece to see to the daily housework.32. She ________ (entitle to)a compensation for her damaged car.33. I guarantee ________ (offer)free repair service within the first three years of your purchase.。

2017年4月高等教育自学考试《英语词汇学》试题课程代码：00832第一部分选择题(共30分)I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement. (30%)1. Which of the following is NOT true about the definition of a word?A. A word has a given meaning.B. A word is a soundless unity.C. A word is the minimal free form of a language.D. A word is a form that can function alone in a sentence.2. Words may fall into content words and functional words byA. notionB. originC. functionD. use frequency3. Newly-created words or expressions, or words that have taken on new meanings areA. slangB. argotC. neologismsD. archaisms4. The Indo-European language is made up of most of the languages of Europe, ~, and India.A. AsiaB. AfricaC. the Near EastD. the Far East5. There are such new words as fast food, talk shows, and open university in Modern English.These words showA. the invasion of foreign countriesB. social, economic and political changesC. the influence of other cultures and languagesD. the rapid development of modern science and technology6. Which of the following is NOT tree?A. English is more closely related to German than French.B. Modem English is considered to be an analytic language.C. The introduction of printing into England marked the beginning of modem English period.D. The four major foreign contributors to English vocabulary in earlier times are Latin, French,Scandinavian and Italian.7. The smallest functioning unit in the composition of words isA. morphemeB. affixesC. rootD. stem8. There is/are monomorphemic word(s) in the following words: cats, boss, work, geese, tried.A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 49. Which of the following words does NOT have suffixes?A. bossyB. widenC. happyD. worker10. The word that has a prefix of size isA. misconductB. devalueC. anti-nuclearD. mini-election11. The formation of new words by converting words of one class to another class is calledA. prefixationB. compoundingC. conversionD. clipping12. The following words are formed by clipping EXCEPTA. phoneB. motelC. dormD. flu13. In word meaning, the relationship between language and the word is , by means of which,a speaker indicates which things in the world are being talked about.A. referenceB. conceptC. senseD. motivation14. Which of the following examples shows that every word that has meaning has sense, but notevery word has reference?A. argue, quarrelB. probable, butC. pavement, sidewalkD. much time, many people15. In modem English some words were created by imitating the natural sounds or noises, and thesounds suggest their meanings, like bang, croak, and buzz. These words are otivated.A. onomatopoeicallyB. morphologicallyC. semanticallyD. etymologically16. The central meaning of the word face isA. a surface of a thingB. the front of the headC. the functional surfaceD. the appearance17. Words like bow that means bending the head as a greeting and bow that means the device usedas shooting arrows are calledA. synonymsB. homographsC. homophonesD. antonyms18. Which of the following groups of words shows difference of synonyms in denotation?A. extend--increaseB. homely--domesticC. policeman--copD. sense--meaning19. The word liquor once meant liquid, but now means alcoholic drink. This is an example ofof word-meaning.A. extensionB. narrowingC. transferD. degradation20. For the word nice, its original meaning was "ignorant", then changed to "foolish" and now itmeans "deligfitful, pleasant". This process is of word-meaning.A. extensionB. elevationC. transferD. degradation21. reason is reflected in the meaning change of the word car, from "a two-wheel cart drawn by horses and used in war" to "automobile".A. ClassB. TechnicalC. PsychologicalD. Historical22. The context where the meaning of a word is influenced by the structure in which it occurs iscalled context.A. non-linguisticB. lexicalC. semanticD. grammatical23. That landlord means differently in western countries and in China shows that contexthas some effect on the meaning of words.A. grammaticalB. lexicalC. linguisticD. extra-linguistic24. Ambiguity often arises due to ~, as is shown in the sentence "Thefish is ready to eat."A. polysemyB. homonomyC. grammatical structureD. lexical structure25. The idiom" "is an idiom nominal in nature.A. white elephantB. up in the airC. make itD. tooth and nail26. The idiom" "is an example of euphemism.A. as mute as a fishB. earn one's breadC. powder one's noseD. crocodile tears27. The following are rhetorical features of idioms EXCEPTA. literary expressionsB. figures of speechC. phonetic manipulationD. lexical manipulation28. The reader cannot find pronunciation or meanings or usage but other information inA. desk dictionariesB. linguistic dictionariesC. encyclopediaD. pocket dictionaries29. Which of the following is the best-known unabridged dictionary?A. The Concise Oxford Dictionary, Ninth Edition (1996)B. Webster ~ Third New International DictionaryC. Webster ~ Ninth New Collegiate DictionaryD. Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, New Edition (1987)30. Usage notes in LDCE New Edition (1987) cover the following EXCEPTA. difficult grammar and stylistic pointsB. differences between British and American usagesC. discrimination between synonyms and near-synonymsD. examples selected from actual usage, not invented by compilers第二部分非选择题(共70分)II. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book. (15%)31. In different languages the same concept can be represented by different Forexample, woman becomes "Frau" in German, and '~femme" in French.32. In Old English period, the introduction of Christianity had a great impact on the Englishvocabulary. It brought many terms such as altar, amen and candle.33. The basic form of a word which cannot be further analyzed without total loss of identity is a。

202X年4月高等教育自学考试英语语法真题〔课程代码：00831〕一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题，每题1分，共20分)Choose the best answer from the choices given and put the letter A, B, C or D in the brackets.1. This encyclopedia, which you can buy at any bookstore, will give you ______ you need. ( )A. all the informationB. all of informationC. all the informationsD. all of the informations2. The child ought to have a rest; she ______ the piano for nearly three hours. ( )A. had practicedB. is practicingC. has been practicingD. practices3. Great efforts to increase agricultural production must be made in this country if food shortage ______ .A. is to be avoidedB. can be avoidedC. will be avoidedD. has been avoided4. My son's hair is too long; it wants ______. I'll have it ______ tomorrow. ( )A. cutting… doneB. cutting… to be doneC. being cut… doneD. to be cut… to be done5. All the tourists desire that the guide ______ them timely information about the changes in the schedule.A. giveB. gaveC. givesD. can give6. You ______ all the calculations of the students' scores. We have the computer software to do that job.A. needn't have doneB. mustn't have doneC. shouldn't have doneD. couldn't have done7. John is supposed ______ his term paper last. week, but he hasn't finished it yet. ( )A. to hand inB. to be handing inC. to have handed inD. to have been handed in8. You can see this type of ATM ______ in almost every commercial bank. ( )A. usedB. usingC. useD. to be used9.I like playing video games ______ to the music. ( )A. more than to listenB. more than listeningC. than listeningD. rather than to listen10. You can't be ______ cautious in making the decision as it concerns your son's future. ( )A. veryB. ratherC. tooD. so11. China has a larger population than ______ in the world. ( )A. any countryB. any countriesC. any other countryD. all other country12. All the candidates passed the written test ______ the exception of John. ( )A. onB. forC. inD. with13. According to a study on children's behavior, the time ______ the children spend in their one-way relationship with television people will affect their relationship with real-life people later in their lives. ( )A. whenB. thatC. in whichD. on which14. At such a critical moment, our company needs a general manager ______ everyone has confidence.A. of whomB. about whomC. in whomD. for whom15. The donor hoped that the little ______ he had done would help the people in the flooded area. ( )A. whichB. thatC. whatD. where16. It has been found that how close parents are to their children ______ a rather strong influence on the development of the children's character. ( )A. haveB. hasC. havingD. had17. The audience ______ requested to remain seated during the intermission. ( )A. areB. isC. wereD. be18. During extremely hot weather, elephants require both mud and water to keep their skin cool ______ they have no sweat glands. ( )A. andB. soC. because ofD. due to the fact that19. His score of the final English exam is higher than ______ in his class. ( )A. anyone's elseB. anyone elseC. anyone's else'sD. anyone else's20. He has been staying at home ______ days. ( )A. these all last fewB. these last few allC. all these last fewD. these last all few二、填空题(本大题共28小题，共36分)Section A Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words given in the group.(共8小题，每题2分，共16分)21. feel have, go, will be, are, wasThe black middle class ________________ culturally excluded while the poor _______________ totally alienated.22. a, the, some, all, each, suchA knife is no good. You need ________________ screwdriver to do ________________ job properly.23. took, was taken, had taken, operated, been operated, operatingHe ________________ to hospital last night and he's already________________ on.24. was, were, be, shall be, will be, has been________________ it necessary that my uncle ________________ informed25. both, whether, neither, or, nor, but________________ by accident ________________ by design, he arrived too late for the appointment.26. which I bought, what I bought, I bought, which, what, whoThis is the only book ________________ ________________ challenges this common belief.27. which, what, that, is, are, was________________ I need for the spring cleaning ________________ a pair of rubber gloves, some detergent and several plastic bags to hold the garbage.28. a, one, some, any, other, anotherThe New York Times is neither ________________ thing nor the ________________ It's not really a city newspaper and it's not really a national newspaper either.Section B Fill in the blanks with the words given in brackets. Make changes or add something where necessary.(共20小题，每题1分，共20分)29. She has coffee with sugar, __________(she)30. __________ (not let's) go out until after the rain.31. Your politics __________ (seem) to be at variance with mine.32. All __________ (England) was excited at the victory in the battle fields.33. I'll go in Frank's car and you can go in __________ (Alan).34. We __________ (finish) the job by the time you come back.35. What are you talking about You __________ (disturb) the class.36. They __________ (negotiate) for three hours now and neither party seems to be willing to compromise.37. You want to spend so much money on it If I were you, I __________ (not do) that.38. You __________ (not carry) the parcel home. The shop would have delivered it if you had asked.39. I don't know __________ (ask) the question or not.40. He appeared well __________ (prepare) for the TV debate.41. The more friends you have, __________ (little time) you'll have to see them.42. __________ (long) I can stay is three hours.43. A good teacher must be neither too strict nor too weak; his manner must __________ (lie) these two.44. Time lost through illness __________ (amount) 50 working days last year.45. The picking of the fruit, __________ (which) work they receive no money, takes about a week.46. Ten percent of the teachers __________ (not have) the necessary certificate.47. - Have you met our German neighbours-Are they __________ (one) who moved here recently48. - Is he the fight person for the job- I __________ (not believe).三、改错题(本大题共12小题，每题1分，共12分)Correct one error in each of the following sentences.49. Linguistics is a scientific study of the language.50. I'm sorry I don't know when he comes. I'll tell you about it as soon as he comes.51. Can the ship get seen on the horizon52. May there be life on Mars53. Having missed the final examination, the teacher gave me a failing grade.54. Take it easy. You know the effect of the drug will wear off four hours later.55. It is a fact that I almost drowned makes me very careful about water safety whenever I go.56. When a pearl is cut in half and examined under a microscope, but its layers can be seen.57. He denied seeing the murder suspect, that turned out to be true.58. Late the son has been staying out lately.59. No sooner he had asked the question than the answer came to him.60. — Maggie had a wonderful time at the party.— So had she and so did I.四、改写句子(本大题共12小题，每题2分，共24分)Rewrite the following sentences as required.61. Using an intensifier:No one on the committee supported my plan.62. Using a question tag:Everybody knows what he has to do.63. Using a proper modal auxiliary:It is possible that the chair will accept your proposal if you put it in the right way. 64. Using a non-finite form:She stood up so that she could be seen better.65. Using a relative clause:My boss is an incredibly boring person. His predecessor was not a boring person at all.66. Using a disjunct:It is natural that she will take after her mother.67. Using an adjunct:He ran away. He is afraid to be seen.68. Using a relative clause:This is the only one of the many houses here. This was destroyed by the earthquake.69. Using passive voice:I don't mind you criticizing me.70. Using extraposition:You will feel listening to him talk boring.71. Using discontinuity:He is the only student who applies for financial aid in this school.72. Using an appropriate cohesive device:I learned to speak English early in life. I had to learn English early in life.五、简答题(本大题共2小题，每题4分，共8分)Answer the following questions.73. If tense is related to time, what is aspect related to74. Explain the three principles of concord with examples.202X年4月英语语法真题参考答案课程代码：00831一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题，每题1分，共20分)Choose the best answer from the choices given and put the letter A, B, C or D in the brackets.1.A2.C 3 .A 4.A 5.A 6.A 7.C 8.A 9.B 10.C 11.C 12.D 13.B 14.C 15.B 16.B 17.B18.D 19.D 20.C二、填空题(本大题共28小题，共36分)Section A Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words given in the group.(共8小题，每题2分，共16分)21.feel,are 22.a,the 23.was taken,been operated24.was,be 25.whether,or 26.I bought,which27.What,are 28.one,otherSection B Fill in the blanks with the words given in brackets. Make changes or add something where necessary.(共20小题，每题1分，共20分)29.doesn’t she 30.Don’t let’s/Let’s not 31.seem32.England 33.Alan’s 34.will have finished35.are disturbing 36.have been negotiating 37.wouldn’t do38.needn’t have carried 39.whether to ask 40.prepared41.the less time 42.The longest 43.lie between44.amounted to 45.for which 46.do not have47.the ones 48.don’t believe so三、改错题(本大题共12小题，每题1分，共12分)49.改: Linguistics is a scientific study of language.50.改: I’m sorry I don’t know when he will come.I’ll tell you about it as soon as he comes.51.改: Can the ship be seem on the horizon52.改: Can there be life on Mars53.改: Because I(had) missed the final exanination .the teacher gave me a falling grade.54.改: Take it easy.You know the effect of the drug will wear off in four hours.55.改: The fact that I almost drowned makes me very careful about water safety whenever I go .56.改: When a prarl is cut in half and examined under a microscope,its layers can be seen.57.改: He denied seening the murder suspect,which turned out to be true.58.改:Lately the son has been staying out late.59.改:No sooner had he asked the question than the answer came to him.60.改:-Maggie had a wonderful time at the party.-So she had and so did I四、改写句子(本大题共12小题，每题2分，共24分)Rewrite the following sentences as required.61. Not a single one on the committee supported my plan.62. Everybody knows what he has to do, doesn’t he / don’t they63. The chair will accept your proposal if you put it in the right way.64.She stood up to be seen better.65. My boss is an incredibly boring person , which his predecessor was not at all.66. Naturally , she will take after her mother.67. He ran away for the fear to be seen.68. This is the only one of the many houses here which was destroyed by the earthquake.69. I don’t mind being criticized.70. You will feel boring listening to him talking.71. He is the only student who applies for financial aid .72.I learn to speak English early in life, I had to.五、简答题(本大题共2小题，每题4分，共8分)Answer the following questions.73. If tense is related to time, what is aspect related toTense is related to time.It is the verb form denoting the time when the action or the state takes place.For example ,“do〞is a verb form telling of the present time when the action takes place.However“did〞is a different verb form because it tells of the past time when the action took place.Aspect,like tense is a verb form denoting the state of the action at present time or in the past time.For example: “doing〞indicates that the action is /was not completed,while “done〞indicates that the action is /was completed.74. Explain the three principles of concord with examples.There are three complementary principles of concord are the grammatical principle, the notional principle and the principle of proximity.For example:Everybody is happy with the decision.The audience were brought to their feet at the sight of Superman in his wheelchair.Either you or I am responsible for the mistake.In the first sentence IS is used to agree with singular subject Everybody.so grammatical principle is followed.In the second sentence WERE is used because the subject AUDIENCE is plural in meaning,so notional principle is followed.In the last sentence AM is used because the subject close to it is I,so the last principle is followed.。

00831英语语法自考模拟试题（12）A.are finishingB.will finishC.will have finishedD.gave finished73.When I arrived in Birmingham the sun ____.A.has been shiningB.shoneC.has shoneD.was shining74.“Let’s play football sometime.”“Good idea.What ____ this afternoon?”A.are you going to doB.shall you doC.are you doingD.will you do75.By the time the course ends,____ a lot about Britain.A.we’ll learnB.we are learningC.we have learntD.we’ll have learnt76.All the machines ____ by the end of the following week.A.were repairedB.would be repairedC.will have been repairedD.were being repaired77.If you ____ quiet,I’ll tell you what happened.A.areB.will beC.are to beD.be78.If you ____ over there for a moment,I’ll tell Mr.Lee you’ve arrived.A.will waitB.waitedC.are waitingD.will be waiting79.We’ll be in class at nine,but they ____.A.don’tB.won’tC.aren’tD.weren’t80.My wife ____.A.has forever criticized meB.forever criticizes meC.does forever criticize meD.is forever criticizing me81.By this time next year he ____ from this college.A.will be graduatingB.should be graduatingC.will have graduatedD.is graduating82.My niece has been to Sumatra and Iran as well as all of Europe.By the time she’s twenty,she ____ almost everywhere.A.will beB.would have beenC.will have beenD.would be83.She was so interested in the book that she ____ it for three hours before she realized it.A.had readB.readC.was readingD.will have read84.____ since I began to learn English.A.Six years has passedB.Six years passedC.It had been six yearsD.It was six years85.“I thought Peter’s school had closed for the summer.”“No,I think it ____ at the end of May.”A.to closeB.closesC.closingD.to be closed86.We won’t go unless you _____ soon.ingB.cameC.will comee87._____ the letter,I ran out of the room to the post office.A.After I had finished forB.As soon as I finished writingC.No sooner than I had finished upD.Since I had finished up to write88.Whenever I _____ these days,I always carry my raincoat.A.shall go outB.am going outC.would go outD.go out89.He will come to call on you the moment he ____ his work.A.will finishB.finishesC.had finishedD.finished90.I don’t think she’ll be upset,but I’ll see her in case ____.A.she’llB.she isC.she doesD.she would91.Put on your raincoat,____ it rains.A.becauseB.forC.in any caseD.in case92.If it ____ rain,we’ll have the party outside.A.wouldn’tB.didn’tC.doesn’tD.won’t93.I had hoped Mr.Smith ____ me an early reply.A.gaveB.to giveC.givingD.would give94.The teacher told the children that water ____ at 100 degree Centigrade.A.boilsB.boiledC.was boilingD.boiling95.She said she ____ her homework when the teacher came.A.finishesB.had finishedC.has finishedD.had he finished96.“My father will be here tomorrow.”“Oh,I thought that he ____ today.”A.was comingB.is comingC.will comees97.Copernicus pointed out that the earth ____ round the sun.A.movesB.movedC.movingD.move98.She said to me,“How long did it take to build the church?”She asked me how long ____ to build the church.A.it was takenB.did it takeC.it had takenD.does it take99.He said to me,“Speak as slowly as you can.”He told me to speak as slowly a ____.A.you canB.I canC.you couldD.I could100.He told me that I ____ better take a train.A.wold haveB.should haveC.had hadD.had101.If no one ____ the phone at home,ring me at work.A.returnsB.repliesC.answersD.receives102.All the leading newspapers ____ the talks between the two countries.A.reportedB.printedC.announcedD.published103.You’re ____ your time trying to persuade him.He’ll never join us. A.spending B.wastingC.losingD.missing104.You’re lucky they didn’t ____ you of all you had.A.robB.stealC.catchD.seize105.Tom ____ all his pockets for money but found nothing.A.lookedB.searchedC.foundD.inspected106.The noise of planes can ____ people mad.A.strikeB.causeC.driveD.lead107.The book is certainly not so difficult as it ____.A.showsB.seemsC.expectsD.looks108.It is necessary to ____ the factory because it is taking up more business.A.increaseB.growC.developD.rise109.The workers can easily ____ the truck with the goods in an hour.A.loadB.emptyC.supportD.slant110.The soldier broke his leg,but he kept ____ on the ground toward the front.A.leadingB.jumpingC.climbingD.crawling111.Don’t be so sure,Do ____ at the chance.A.graspB.seizeC.snatchD.catch112.I love to go to the seaside in summer,It ____ good to lie in the sun or swim in the sea.A.doesB.feelsC.getsD.makes113.This medicine can ____ you from the disease.A.defendB.protectC.escapeD.prevent114.The two boys have ____ their friendship for many years.A.maintainedB.remainedC.remindedD.minded115.Every sum of money paid or received must be ____ down immediately.dB.markedC.bookedD.signed116.Readers can ____ quite well without knowing the exact meaning of each word.A.get overB.get inC.get alongD.get through117.I can hardly hear the radio.Would you please ____?A.turn it onB.turn it downC.turn it upD.turn it off118.Important tasks ____ a lot of hard work and take a long time to complete. A.call for B.call onC.call inD.call at119.If you don’t know what to do,you can ____ your friends for advice.A.turn toB.turn backC.turn over C.turn up120.Since he ____ taking exercise,he has gained weight greatly.A.gave inB.gave upC.gave offD.gave out121.Birthdays seem to ____ more quickly as we grow older.e ine rounde oute over122.The sign that he saw read“____ without permission”.A.Keep upB.Keep outC.Keep offD.Keep away123.The house is in poor condition and the roof ____ the rain.A.takes inB.goes inC.lets inD.drops in124.When he came back,he found all the things ____.A.turned outB.turned downC.turned overD.turned in。

2017年4月自考英语（一）真题试卷（精选）一、阅读判断A Girl Chess Champion In the year 2000, a smiling girl from Guntur, India, created a record. Koneru Humpy, who turned 13 on March 31 that year, won the under-14 boys ' title in the National Children Chess Championship. She became the first Indian female player to win a boys'title. Humpy was born in 1987. She began playing chess at the age of six in 1993. She picked up the finer points of the game so well that one year later, in 1994, she won the very first tournament (锦标赛) she played in. Humpy was trained by her father, Ashok Koneru, a chess player himself. He stopped teaching chemistry at a college to concentrate on coaching his daughter. After he left his job, he faced financial problems while training and travelling with his young daughter. But the local government came to his financial aid. The Bank of Baroda sponsored (赞助) Humpy and gave her a desk-top computer. Now she has a notebook computer as well, which she carries for tournaments. Humpy practices for six hours daily with her father. Her preparation is mostly on the chessboard. Now she has started preparing with computers, like many seniors do. The eighth-grade student of Guntur has also been greatly encouraged by her school. She is given time to prepare for chess and her teachers give her special classes. With such support, Humpy is sure to win many more chess titles in her career.1.Humpy won a national boys' title when she was thirteen.（A）TRUE（B）FALSE（C）Not Given2.Humpy didn' t start playing chess until she was seven.（A）TRUE（B）FALSE（C）Not Given3.Humpy lost the first tournament she played in.（A）TRUE（B）FALSE（C）Not Given4.Humpy' s father used to be a college teacher.（A）TRUE（B）FALSE（C）Not Given5.Humpy' s father got no support from the local government. （A）TRUE（B）FALSE（C）Not Given6.Humpy' s father bought Humpy a notebook computer. （A）TRUE（B）FALSE（C）Not Given7.Humpy spends six hours on chess-playing every day. （A）TRUE（B）FALSE（C）Not Given8.Many senior players make preparations on the chessboard. （A）TRUE（B）FALSE（C）Not Given9.Humpy is a top student at her school.（A）TRUE（B）FALSE（C）Not Given10.Humpy' s school allows her not to attend regular classes.（A）TRUE（B）FALSE（C）Not Given二、阅读选择---为题目类型Make Yourself More Attractive As individuals, we judge just about everything on appearance. But we do not just see, we also feel. We have feelings that run deep. Sometimes our emotions run hot, at other times cold. Though, often, we do not feel until we see. When we see someone who looks good, our heart beats fast. When we see an attractive meal, we feel hungry. When we see a picture of a loved one who has passed on, we may begin to feel sad or lonely. Our eyes are more than just a visual perception (视觉感知). They are the reflection of who we are. There are many ways to improve our appearance. Smiling more is one of them. It will make less attractive people more pleasant. At the same time, smiling will make beautiful people appear to be more approachable. In addition to smiling, the less attractive should also work on achieving a more confident walk. People will be drawn to you because of the confidence that you show. Do not take on the perceptions of others. Do not force yourself to become a product of how they see you. If you are extremely beautiful, do not be too proud. Be pleasant to all of those you come in contact with. Speak positive words to others. If you are less attractive, do not have any feelings of low self-esteem (自信). Someone once said " it is beauty which captures (抓住) your attention; personality which captures your heart. " Keep this in mind as you continue to perfect your outside. And remember that if you do not change your inside, all of your hard work will be in vain.11.Paragraph 1 mainly talks about______.（A）the role of seeing（B）the importance of feeling（C）features of good appearance（D）various types of emotions12.The words "passed on" (Line 2, Para. 2) probably means______. （A）died（B）suffered（C）walked past（D）missed a chance13.Smiling will make beautiful people______.（A）have more achievements（B）improve their work（C）become easier to approach（D）do better in their shows14.The author advises the extremely beautiful people to______. （A）keep their pride（B）get to know more people（C）get rid of low self-esteem（D）be modest15.The last paragraph suggests that______.（A）hard work makes perfect personality（B）beauty is in the eyes of the loved one（C）personality is more important than appearance（D）it' s easier to improve the inside than the outside概括段落大意和补全句子---为题目类型Manage Your "High-tech" Family ① Modern family life is improved on many levels by numerous advances in technology. However, sometimes the high-tech tools designed to bring us closer together, such as smart phones and computers, can actually distance us from one another. If your family members are becoming increasingly disconnected (疏远) as a result, it may be time to establish some effective time-management rules. ②The family dinner table should be a tech-free zone. Make a firm rule that there will be no talking on phones, text-messaging or watching television during dinner time. That is the ideal opportunity for the family to reconnect after a busy day. ③The only way to ensure that family members, especially children, obtain adequate sleep, fresh air and exercise is to limit the amount of time they spend playing video games, surfing the web or text-messaging friends. Awell-balanced, healthy life can only be achieved by monitoring time spent on using high-tech tools. ④For school-age children it might be wise to have rules regarding technology. To ensure that they are being mindful of their studies and getting adequate sleep on school nights, you might make a schedule banning video games except on weekends and banning exciting television programs immediately before bedtime. Children require help in keeping their lives in balance, especially in regard to addictive (使人上瘾的) games and television viewing. ⑤Monitor your own activities in regard to modem technology. If you are at the dinner table with a cell phone in your ear, or have one eye on the television, you cannot expect your children to behave otherwise. Task 1 A. Make rules for children B. Monitor time C. Set a good example D. Establish "tech-free" family time E. Enjoy the benefits of high-tech toolsF. Recognize the problems of high-tech tools16.Paragraph ①:17.Paragraph ②:18.Paragraph ③:19.Paragraph ④:20.Paragraph ⑤:Task 2 A. follow the behaviors of their parents B. watching exciting TV programs C. help people connect more easily D. leads to a more healthy life E. communicating at dinner F. distances people from one another21.High-tech tools can______.22.Family members should spend time______.23.Limiting the time spent on high-tech tools______.24.Before sleep, children should avoid______.25.Children tend to______.填句补文---为题目类型Celebrating History Usually when people celebrate, they are recognizing a birthday, a sports event, or a holiday. But for National History Day, thousands of people gather to celebrate history. There are students, teachers, and parents from all over the United States.【B1】______The whole experience is truly amazing. National History Day is part of an international network. It promotes history education by organizing a competition every year. Each year, a theme is selected for the competition.【B2】______This year' s theme is Rights and Responsibilities in History. It inspired over 600, 000 students to enter into the competition. National History Day opened with a welcome ceremony speech delivered by Dr. Amma. Dr. Amma is a historian and a professor in the subject areas of theater and dance. When she was a junior in high school, she took part in National History Day.【B3】______"The only thing in my mind was to tell the Africans' story and to tell it right, "she said. Another exciting event was the National History Night. Students, parents, and teachers had the chanceto tour the National Museum of American History and see an exhibition from each state. One student from Virginia planned an exhibition on the topic of World War H .【B4】______Their project focused on press freedoms. The celebration of National History Day lasted for five days. It ended with the awards ceremony on Thursday.【B5】______They included prizes for each category, outstanding project for each state, and special awards. A. They march around and cheer for history. B. Five students from Texas put up a group exhibition. C. During the three-hour event, 189 awards were handed out. D. Her project on the African slaves won the first-place performance. E. Students have the opportunity to create a project based on the theme. F. National History Day opened on the front lawn of University of Maryland.26.【B1】27.【B2】29.【B4】30.【B5】填词补文---为题目类型My Worst Travel Experience Last year my parents decided to take me to a cowboy ranch (牧场) for our vacation. I was happy and【W1】______Soon after I got to the ranch, I went out to see the beautiful horses. I【W2】______wanted to learn to ride ahorse, so I climbed on one right away when no one was looking. While I was sittingon the【W3】______of the horse, the horse started【W4】______! I didn' t know how to stop it. I held on【W5】______as the horse began to run. We were running through a【W6】______of cactus (仙人掌) when the horse saw a snake on the【W7】______The horse jumped back, and I【W8】______off—right into a big bunch of cactus! I spent hours【W9】______out cactus thorns (刺). My parents【W10】______so bad that they let me get a puppy (小狗). That was the worst experience I ever had! But at least I gota puppy! A. back E. usually I. disappointed B. fell F. moving J. really C. field G. ground K. pulling D. excited H. tightly L. felt31.【W1】32【W2】33.【W3】34.【W4】35.【W5】36.【W6】37.【W7】38.【W8】40.【W10】完形补文---为题目类型The State Flower of Alaska Alaska is known (know) as a state that produces wild animals as well as kind-hearted people. The state is【C1】______(fill) with wild beauty. Alaska might be the most northern and【C2】______(large) state in the United States. But that did not stop it from selecting a【C3】______(particular) gentle flower as its state flower—the forget-me-not. A classic in wedding for its name and【C4】______(mean) , the forget-me-not is a pretty blue flower. The forget-me-not is an unusual name with many potential【C5】______(origin) , both in romantic and【C6】______(religion) terms. However the name comes into being, the blue flowers with 【C7】______(sun) centers still stand for love and being【C8】______(faith) to one' s love today. For this very reason, they are often【C9】______(use) at weddings. Perhaps, it is the simple blue flowers that give the most beauty to Alaska. Could this be why such a determined state has selected such a【C10】______(love) flower?41.【C1】42.【C2】43.【C3】44.【C4】45.【C5】46.【C6】47.【C7】48【C8】49【C9】答案1-5ABBAB 6-10CABCA 11-15BACDC16-20FDBAC 21-25CEDBA 26-30AEDBC31-35DJAFH 36-40CGBKL41、filled 42、largest 43、particularly 44、meaning 45、origins 46、religious 47、sunny 48、faithful 49、used 50、lovely。

现代英语语法自考真题2017年04月(总分100,考试时间150分钟)PART ONEⅠ. Choose the best answer from the choices given and put the letter A, B, C or D in the brackets.1.   Cleaning and maintaining my house used to feel arduous and I often left tasks ______.A.unfinishing** finish**** 2.   I've always found laughable the idea ______ Obama is not an ideologue.A.that****** which 3.   Mike is putting on weight. He ______ quite fat.A.is** going to be** been** going to be 4.   ______ used to be said that Turkey was virtually the master of the Black Sea.A.That****** 5.   ______ Brexit fears,UK travellers have continued to come to Dubai in large numbers.A.In spite with** spite of** evident spite of** spite of 6.   ______ he wasn't ready in time, we had to carry out the plan without him.A.Although ****** of 7.   ______ splendid news that there will be a digital version of the Oxford Latin Dictionary!A.What a****** a 8.   ______ the kids tried, they never managed to see how to play the video game.A.So much** much** as** much as 9.   A group of fishermen played a game of cards on the ______ of Marina beach.A.sand****** 10.   Among the refugees and migrants who **ing into Europe, one out of ten ______ still in childhood.A.were****** 11.   Art has always been ______ of raising consciousness and sending a message.A.means ** means** mean** mean 12.   As for the place ______ she was buried, it will always remain in the hearts of those who cherish it.A.that** which**** which 13.   In the mind of many foreign travellers, the Alps ______ still idyllic.A.was****** 14.   Don't you think ______ necessary to learn the text by heart?A.that**C./** 15.   Even though she is ______ than me, we were more like friends growing up.A.older****** old 16.   Faced with this, I may as well ______ according to my conscience and beliefs.A.vote ** vote**** 17.   Fidel Castro, the Cuban leader, is said to ______ multiple assassination attempts.A.be survived** survived** been survived** 18.   He ______ swim, but the harbour walls are so high that he needs help getting out.A.will****** 19.   He added that they ______ day and night for nearly a week to get the car going again.A.had been working** worked** been working** 20.   He asks good questions and that shows that he ______ about the next step in solving a problem.A.is always thinking** think** thinking** thought PART TWOⅡ. Fill in the blanks with one of the items given.1.   retail, retailed, retails; at, with, for    This GPS locater will be available in Britain this year and ______ for ￡200 ______ a ￡10 a month subscription fee. 2.   solve, solved, solving; all, either, whole    The past is filled with incredible mysteries. The clues to ______ them are ______ around, hidden in plain sight. 3.   that, those, some; /, a, the    The dangers I run are **pared with ______ of our soldiers at ______ front. 4.   feel, felt, be felt; infects, effects, affects    The caffeine boost can ______ one hour following input, but significant ______ can last for eight hours. 5.   to, of, in; on, with, at    Never will I overindulge the requests ______ my flesh; rather I will cherish my body ______ cleanliness and moderation. 6.   that, in that, such that; taught, be taught, teach    The two halves of human brain behave independently, ______ each half can ______ opposite solutions to simple problems. 7.   was, were, be; until, after, before    The captain, together with the crew, ______ not to abandon the ship ______ all the passengers were aboard the lifeboat. 8.   coming, comes, come; which, that, what    Out of it ______ two of the most important qualities ______ this book will go in search of: humanity and warmth. 9.   judge, judged, be judged; distinguish, distinct, disruptive    In a perfect world, we'd all ______ on the sweetness of our souls. But in our less than perfect world, the woman who looks pretty has a ______ advantage and, usually, the last word. 10.   architectural, architective, architected; on, in, at    There's no way of representing ______ structures directly using the technologies we have ______ our disposal. Ⅲ. Fill in the blanks with an item as required.1.   With a determiner:    The man was so thirsty that he ate the ______ watermelon by himself. 2.   With a determiner:    The teacher asked his students to turn in ______ their term papers before Friday. 3.   With an article:    The bank clerk works hard every day and is looking forward to owning ______ Benz. 4.   With an article:    Can you imagine ______ world with no wars, no hunger, no pain? 5.   With a modal auxiliary:    If I ______ repair **puter, I wouldn't have wasted my money having the IT engineer do the job. 6.   With a modal auxiliary:    You needn't have interrupted the class to tell me that; you ______ **e to me afterwards. 7.   With a preposition:    Most of us take our skin for granted until it is burned ______ repair. 8.   With a preposition:    This subway train doesn't go to the People's Square. You will have to change ______ the South Railway Station. 9.   With a preposition:    The school is trying its best to create an atmosphere conducive ______ learning. 10.   With a preposition:    When she encounters another miserable person from the same country, she has a real outlet ______ unhappy feelings. 11.   With a relative pronoun:    The girl in the red dress ______ is talking to the teacher is Tom's sister. 12.   With a relative pronoun:    Just as Jerry got level with the top of thebroken trunk, the limb on ______ he was standing cracked ominously under his feet. 13.   With a relative pronoun:    With the police's persistent efforts, all ______ had been stolen was returned to its rightful owner. 14.   With a relative pronoun:    In the past, people had to take a ferryboat to Chongming Island, but now they can drive to it, ______ is a great saving of time. 15.   With a coordinator:    Go straight on, walking two blocks ______ you cannot miss it. 16.   With a subordinator:    In some situations the pursuit of knowledge may become harmful ______ it is combined with wisdom. 17.   With a subordinator:    With **es an "investigative spirit"; the learning is not so much the acquisition of information ______ it is an investigation. 18.   With a tag:    Beginners have to learn from their mistakes, ______? 19.   With a tag:    I don't think he will arrive here on time, ______? 20.   With a tag:    The students must be studying hard, ______? Ⅳ. Rewrite the following sentences as required.1.   Using passive voice:    The boss made Jim work overtime. 2.   Using passive voice:    They expect the Senate debate to continue into next week. 3.   Using a modal auxiliary:    It's not even barely possible that he had the guts to defy the club rule. 4.   Using a non-finite verb form:    I believe that he is honest. 5.   Using a non-finite verb form:    Mary is so tired that she can't do anything tonight. 6.   Using a complex preposition:    Jim went to the museum last Sunday, and his mother went there together with him. 7.   Using a disjunct:    It is hoped that the report will go out to shareholders prior to October 12. 8.   Using a relative clause:    The proposal is that we should import more equipment from abroad. The proposal is to be discussed at the meeting. 9.   Using a relative clause:    We have erected barriers between the environment and ourselves. With every breath we take, we expose our lungs to the outside world, regardless of all the barriers. 10.   Using coordination:    I caught the Eurostar train from London to Paris for the weekend. Then I flew back from Paris to London with British Airways. 11.   Using subordination:    We have no information about **pany. We still want to cooperate with it, for we have no other choices. 12.   Using transferred negation:    I think that her son didn't finish his homework. 13.   Reinforcing the negation:    No student in the class wants to take part in the speech contest next week. 14.   Using extraposition:    To give a child whatever he or she wants is generally considered unwise. 15.   Using inversion:    He walked so fast that none of us was his equal. Ⅴ. Answer the following question.1.   What are the two major semantic categories of modal auxiliaries? Briefly explain them. Ⅵ. Define the following terms with examples.1.   double genitive 2.   concord 。

2017年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试语言学概论试卷本试卷共4页,满分l00分,考试时间l50分钟.考生答题注意事项：1．本卷所有试题必须在答题卡上作答.答在试卷上无效,试卷空白处和背面均可作草稿纸.2．第一部分为选择题.必须对应试卷上的题号使用2B铅笔将“答题卡”的相应代码涂黑.3．第二部分为非选择题.必须注明大、小题号,使用0．5毫米黑色字迹签字笔作答.4．合理安排答题空间,超出答题区域无效.第一部分选择题(共30分)一、革项选择题(本大题共20小题,每小题l分,共20分)在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的,请将其选出并将“答题卡”的相应代码涂黑.错涂、多涂或未涂均无分.1．汉语属于A．孤立语 B.屈折语 C．粘着语 D.复综语2．“种花”的“花”和‘‘花钱”的“花”是A．同义词 B．多义词 C．同音词 D．近义词3．苏美尔人发明了A．楔形文字 B．甲骨文C．腓尼基字母 D.阿拉伯字母4．第二语言学习者在使用外语时常常借助于母语的发音、词义、结构规则或习惯来表达思想的现象叫A．语言相关 B.语言辅助C．语言影响 D．语言迁移5．“郭明义是当代的雷锋”中,“雷锋”属于借代中的A．以部分代整体 B.以特征代本体C．以具体代抽象 D．以专称代通称6．“成立”和“建立”这两个词的词义区别主要是A．理性意义不同 B．感情色彩不同C．语体色彩不同 D．形象色彩不同7．根据乔姆斯基提出的假设,人的大脑中储存的全人类语言所共有的语言知识叫A．人类语法 B.普遍语法C．个人语法 D．个别语法8．从同一种语言中分化出来的各个语言叫A．地方话 B．隐语C．亲属语言 D．原始基础语9．“活儿我不做了!三颗粮食,收不收有什么关系?”使用的修辞手法是A．拟人 B．拟物C．夸张 D．降格10．语言符号的能指是A．词汇 B．语音C．语义 D．语法11．汉语普通话以北方方言为基础方言主要出于A．人们的喜好 B．经济上的原因C．文化上的原因 D．政治上的原因12．诗歌属于A.谈话语体 B．应用语体C．文学语体 D．宣传语体13.纳西族语言称“大树”为“树母”、“小树”为“树男”,反映出古代纳西族曾经历过 A．群婚制阶段 B．族外婚制阶段C．母系氏族社会阶段 D．家族制阶段14．希腊字母属于A．辅音文字 B．全音素文字C.表意文字 D．象形文字15．古代关于马的词很多,如“驹”两岁马、“駣”三岁马、“馬八”八岁马,这些词被称为 A．同源词 B．类义词C．同义词 D．同形词16．语言符号的结构必须是按照时间先后顺序依次出现,这是语言符号的A．系统特征 B．约定特征C．层级特征 D．线性特征17．对“语言”和“言语”这两个概念进行区分的是A．索绪尔 B．鲍阿斯C．沃尔夫 D．施莱歇尔18．“他们的品质是那样的纯洁和高尚,他们的意志是那样的坚韧和刚强,他们的气质是那村的纯朴和谦逊,他们的胸怀是那样的美丽和宽广”是A.对偶句 B．排比句C．反复句 D．回环句19.下面各词借自于汉代西域的是A．葡萄 B．罗汉C．蛮夷 D．胡同20．某一言语社团同时使用两种或两种以上语言的社会现象叫A．混合语现象 B．惯用语现象C．克里奥尔现象 D．双语现象二、多项选择题(本大题共5小题,每小题2分,共10分)在每小题歹|j出的五个备选项中至少有两个是符合题目要求的,请将其选出并将“答题卡”的相应代码涂黑.错涂、多涂、少涂或未涂均无分.21．下面各项中属于中国传统小学的有A.文字学 B．音韵学 C．训诂学D.音系学 E．语用学22．下面各项中,属于形声字的有A．步 B．澄 C．于D.阶 E．词23．下面各项中属于儿童语言前阶段(语言准备阶段)的有A.非自控阶段 B．咿呀学语阶段 C．单词句阶段D．简单句阶段 E．复杂句阶段24．下面各项中对社会方言形成产生影响的因素有A.行业 B．阶层 C．性别D．年龄 E．文化程度25．下面各项中,属于意译词的有A．吉普 B．高尔夫 C．电话D．沙发 E．银行第二部分非选择题 (共70分)三、名词解释题(本大题共4小题,每小题3分,共12分)26．语言符号的任意性27.书面语28．语言相关论29．大脑语言功能临界期四、分析题(本大题共l小题,8分)30．以下面几个组合为例,说明消除歧义的常用方法.烤红薯我想起来了鸡不吃了五、简答题(本大题共2小题,每小题l0分,共20分)31.什么是词法手段?简要说明词法手段包括哪些具体内容.32．什么是合作原则?简要说明合作原则的具体内容.六、论述题(本大题共2小题,每小题l5分,共30分)33．利用以下材料分析什么是变音类型中的同化、异化、弱化和脱落. 电[tian】+报【pau].电报[tiampau]面[mian]貌[mau】_÷面貌[miammau】慢[man]慢儿[m卅叶慢慢JL[maim卅爸[pa】爸[pa】一爸爸[pab0】豆[tou】腐[删一豆腐[touf】东[t0日】西[G i]_东西[torja】34．举例说明合成词三种构词类型的特点.。