专升本英语(阅读)模拟试卷100(题后含答案及解析)

专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷100 (题后含答案及解析)

全部题型 5. Reading Comprehension

Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four

passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read

the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark your answer by

blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

Adam Smith was the first person to see the importance of the division of the

labor. He gave us an example of the process by which pins were made in England.

“One man draws out the wire, another strengthens it, a third cuts it, a fourth points it,

and a fifth gives it a head. Just to make the head requires two or three different

operations. The work of making pins is divided into about eighteen different

operations, which in some factories are all performed by different people, though in

others the same man will sometimes perform two or three of them. Ten men,

Smith said, in this way, turned out twelve pounds of pins a day or about 4,800 pins a

worker. But if all of them had worked separately and independently without division

of labor, they certainly could not have made twenty pins in a day and not even one.

There can be no doubt that division of labor is an efficient way of organizing work.

Fewer people can make more pins. Adam Smith saw this, but he also took it for

granted that division of labor is itself responsible for economic growth and

development and it accounts for the difference between expanding economies and

those that stand still. But division of labor adds nothing new, it only enables people to

produce more of what they already have.

1． According to the passage, Adam Smith was the first person to______.

A．take advantage of the physical labor

B．introduce the division of labor into England

C．understand the effects of the division of labor

D．explain the bad causes of the division of labor

正确答案：C

解析：根据文章的第一段第一句话：Adam Smith was the first person to see the

importance of the division of the labor．可知劳动分工的重要性也就是劳动分工对生产效率的作用、影响。所以C为正确答案。 知识模块：阅读理解

2． Adam Smith saw that the division of labor______.

A．enabled each worker to design pins more quickly

B．increased the possible output per worker

C．increased the number of people employed in factories

D．improved the quality of pins produced

正确答案：B

解析：本题考查考生对文章具体细节的把握及对全文的概括总结能力。答案对应于文章的第三段，通过数据史密斯说明了劳动分工极大地提高了生产效率，增加了产量。只有B项符合文意。 知识模块：阅读理解

3． Adam Smith mentioned the number 4,800 in order to______.

A．show the advantages of the old labor system

B．stress how powerful the individual worker was

C．show the advantages of the division of labor

D．stress the importance of increased production

正确答案：C

解析：通过上题分析，很容易得出答案。且A、B、D原文都明显没有提到。所以C为正确答案。 知识模块：阅读理解

4． According to the writer, Adam Smith’s mistake was in believing that the

division of labor______.

A．was an efficient way of organizing work

B．was an important development in methods of production

C．finally led to economic development

D．increased the production of existing goods

正确答案：C

解析：本题考查考生对文章具体细节的把握。答案对应于文章最后一段第三句话：…but he also took it for granted that division of labor is itself responsible for

economic growth and development…所以C为正确选项。 知识模块：阅读理解

5． According to the writer, which one of the following is NOT true?

A．Division of labor can enable fewer people to make more pins.

B．Division of labor helps people to produce more of what they already have.

C．Division of labor is by no means responsible for economic growth.

D．Division of labor is an efficient way of organizing work.

正确答案：C

解析：本题考查考生对文章具体细节的把握。关键在by no means(绝不)这个词组上。从题的分析看，劳动分工本身不能保证经济增长，但不能就因此说劳动分工根本不能促进经济增长。故选C项。 知识模块：阅读理解

When we talk about intelligence we do not mean the ability to get good

scores on certain kinds of tests or even the ability to do well in school. By intelligence

we mean a way of living and behaving, especially in a new or upsetting situation. If

we want to test intelligence, we need to find out how a person acts instead of how

much he knows what to do. For instance, when in a new situation, an intelligent

person thinks about the situation, not about himself or what might happen to him. He

tries to find out all he can, and then he acts immediately and tries to do something

about it. He probably isn’t sure how it will all work out, but at least he tries. And, if he

can’t make things work out right, he doesn’t feel ashamed that he failed; he just tries

to learn from his mistakes. An intelligent person, even if he is very young, has a

special outlook on life, a special feeling about life, and knows how he fits into it. If

you look at children, you’ll see great difference between what we call “bright”

children and” not-bright” children. They are actually two different kinds of people,