天津市第一中学2018届高三4月月考英语试题

天津市武清区杨村第一中学2024-2025学年高三上学期第一次月考英语试卷一、单项选择1．— Mum, I gained a full mark in the first English test.— _________! Your hard work in the summer holidays was finally repaid.A．Good luck B．Good for you C．Go ahead D．Good idea2．I try my best at school to live up to my parents’ expectations in order that I will not ________.A．turn them down B．let them down C．make them up D．help them out 3．He performed beyond everyone’s ________ with his accurate shooting and continuous efforts.A．comprehension B．description C．expectations D．expression4．The Chinese people______the spring festival with a wide range of events.A．spend B．present C．observe D．appreciate5．The poet’s strong love for his country is________ in his recent published poems.A．awarded B．reflected C．recognized D．recovered6．If you have health examination________, any disease you may have can be discovered early.A．regularly B．particularly C．gradually D．typically 7．People were left________ when they saw the flood water rising so fast.A．in particular B．in panic C．in sight D．in order 8．—That important document is nowhere to be seen.—Don't worry! You ___________ it somewhere. Calm down and think it over.A．might leave B．might have left C．should leave D．should have left 9．Although the scientist is over 80 years old, he still devotes himself to his research, ______ moved many people greatly.A．which B．what C．that D．where10．______ impressed me most was that those disabled athletes tried their best to compete in the games.A．That B．It C．What D．Which11．_______ arguments over “stupid things” now and then, Alistair agrees that having a brother isan advantage.A．Although B．Despite C．While D．Whether12．A fisherman claimed to have witnessed a giant sea turtle this morning _______ almost two meters long.A．measured B．having measured C．measuring D．to be measured 13．—Haven’t seen you for ages! Where have you been?—I went to Ningxia and_______there for one year, teaching as a volunteer.A．had lived B．live C．am living D．lived 14．（2018·江苏）Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period, _______ the expected number of 12,000 held by market analysts.A．having exceeded B．to exceedC．exceeded D．exceeding15．— I’m afraid I can’t win the competition.— Don’t worry. As long as you _________, you will make it.A．go all out B．play safe C．take the lead D．take your time二、完形填空My faith in human nature has never been so great as it was last weekend after our family get-together in the town of Vail.On Saturday, we all went to the market right in the middle of the town. Near the end, we all16 at the fountain near the bridge, and the kids waded（蹚水）around in the fountain until we17 . This is one of the busiest walking streets.After we returned to the hotel late in the afternoon, my 7-year-old son Ponder 18 that nowhere could he find his backpack, which 19 his Gameboy and his watch. After a thorough 20 we determined that he must have left it at the fountain.Ponder has never 21 anything. So we just take for granted that he needs no supervision（指导）for managing his 22 .He was upset, not about the Gameboy, but about the watch. "But Dad," he said, through massive 23 , "they don't make that kind of watch anymore." We were all very 24 .Our dinner reservation was at a restaurant just on the other side of the bridge, so I 25him that we would not only search the area around the fountain when we went back for dinner, but we would also find the police and ask them if the backpack had been 26 .As we exited from the parking garage, we could see the fountain as we walked down the long staircase. I saw something black 27 there, but it was right next to a woman standing by the fountain, so I could not 28 what it was or if it was hers."See it, Dad?" Ponder shouted. "Don't get too 29 because that may not be it," I said. But that was it. It had been five or six hours since we left the fountain, and it was 30 there. There was no ID in it, and it looked like someone had looked through it and then set it right out where all could 31 it.I literally 32 when we reached it and it was his！Everyone in our party was blown away by this "miracle（奇迹）". In my wildest 33 , I would never have imagined that this could happen nowadays.What a charmed life, eh? I believe this was a perfect 34 for a child in losing something important…to lose it and feel the full 35 of that loss, and then to miraculously get it back.16．A．drove B．hiked C．met D．united 17．A．landed B．left C．settled D．slept 18．A．responded B．recognized C．realised D．recalled 19．A．contained B．combined C．comprised D．covered 20．A．preparation B．checkup C．revision D．search 21．A．wasted B．lost C．sough D．deserted 22．A．emotion B．time C．money D．stuff 23．A．tears B．fists C．reliefs D．outbreaks 24．A．hesitant B．curious C．sad D．eager 25．A．promised B．informed C．warned D．taught 26．A．worn out B．caught up C．put away D．turned in 27．A．hiding B．sitting C．swinging D．flowing 28．A．assess B．declare C．tell D．predict 29．A．excited B．puzzled C．relaxed D．amused 30．A．already B．even C．almost D．still31．A．take B．see C．touch D．protect 32．A．panicked B．exploded C．collapsed D．cried 33．A．dreams B．claims C．efforts D．passions 34．A．mode B．lesson C．option D．plot 35．A．range B．pressure C．weight D．harvest三、阅读理解The popularity of studying abroad is growing increasingly, and what are growing along with it are the people who want to share their experiences and the amount of information available. Here are some blogs that can help you if you plan to study abroad.“From I to U” Overseas Study Abroad BlogAmong thousands of colleges in the USA, Indiana University’s Office of Overseas Study is by far the best at promoting studying abroad. Students of Indiana University write blogs each term. They provide hands-on information about their locations, academic interest and cultural experiences on the “From I to U” Overseas Study Abroad Blog in an effort to help you earn IU credits in over 37 countries. Not an IU student? Check it out anyway.CIS AbroadLike most other study abroad organizations, CIS Abroad is committed to giving you the best value in studying abroad, i.e. affordability, support, cultural immersion (沉浸) and academic relevance. What most people find unique about CIS is their La Vida Local culture series, which aims to help you see where the locals eat, shop and hang out. You can also learn to understand the culture in your host country.Abroad101 BlogIt is the first and largest study abroad review website. Founded in 2007, Abroad101 providesin-depth study abroad reviews and listings of thousands of study abroad programs. It has a wealth of information covering study abroad news, stories, and advice.CEA Study Abroad CEA prides itself on making the administrative aspect of studying abroad as easy as possible for you. Along with helping you find the right program and financial aid, it also helps you know the student visa process, select housing, prepare for your health and safety in your host country, and make sure your credits transfer (转到) to your home university.36．Who would most probably be attracted to the “From I to U” Overseas Study Abroad Blog?A．Non-IU students who want to share their life.B．Teachers of Indiana University who love sharing stories.C．Students interested in Indiana University’s students’ life.D．Parents wanting to get professional views on studying abroad.37．What’s the purpose of the La Vida Local culture series?A．To help students learn about local life.B．To advertise the traditional local culture.C．To encourage students to adopt a healthy lifestyle.D．To tell about differences among different cultures.38．Where can students find many study abroad programs?A．On CIS Abroad.B．On Abroad101 Blog.C．On CEA Study Abroad.D．On “From I to U” Overseas Study Abroad Blog.39．What is a feature of CEA Study Abroad?A．Making students feel proud of themselves.B．Putting foreign students’ health and safety first.C．Helping students with the administrative process.D．Helping students gain enough credits in key subjects.40．What is the text meant to do?A．To encourage students to study abroad.B．To recommend some study abroad blogs.C．To help international students adapt to their new life.D．To call on people to share experiences of studying aboard.Growing up as a kid in the UK, I was fascinated by insects. Wanting to protect them, I started building houses for ants, using little pieces of wood and leaves. I then moved on to making little cups and saucers from silver foil (箔纸) for the magical creatures. When seeing my work, my mother told me that the smaller I made things, the bigger my name would become.As the years went by, my designs became more complicated. Making sculptures isn’t actually enjoyable. I sometimes work for 16 hours a day without breaks, and it takes me up tothree months to finish a sculpture. I have to hold my breath during the sculpting process.One time, a fly landed on a Cinderella carriage sculpture I was working on. The fly’s wings blew it away, and it was lost. I was heartbroken. Another time, I accidentally breathed in a microscopic Alice from Alice in Wonderland. Alice is now in the Wonderland forever. But it did give me the chance to make an even better one the second time around.My sculptures have taken me to incredible places. In 2012, I met the queen, giving her a crown on the head of a pin. In 2013, I received my first Guinness World Record for creating the smallest sculpture by hand, a 24- carat gold motorbike that fitted inside a hair. In 2017, I beat my record with a sculpture of a human fetus (胎儿) that measured 0. 078 mm by 0. 053 mm.I was diagnosed with autism (自闭症) as an adult. In school, my teachers had pointed me out as an example of failure; now, I see my autism as a gift. It’s pushed me to be the best I can be.I hold workshops in schools for neurodiverse children, sharing my story and helping them create their own miniature figures.The microscopic world has always been my happy place. I’ve tried to make bigger sculptures, but small- is best for me. We need to appreciate the little things in life. Small things can also be mighty, too.41．What drove the author to make tiny sculpture at the beginning?A．His interest in insects.B．His desire to make a name.C．His dream of setting a record.D．His awareness of wildlife protection. 42．Which of the following can best describe the author’s sculpting process?A．Eventful and enjoyable.B．Complex and frustrating.C．Money- wasting but entertaining.D．Time- consuming but fulfilling. 43．Which is NOT the theme of the author’s sculptures?A．Houses for ants B．Little cups and saucers.C．Fairy tales.D．Historical events.44．How does the author deal with his autism now?A．He receives medical treatment.B．He takes full advantage of it.C．He regards it as the source of failure.D．He shares it and asks help from others. 45．What message does the author mainly convey through the text?A．Great art comes at a cost of loss.B．Childhood experiences sculpt a career.C．Minor things in life can carry weight.D．Hard work contributes to great achievements.For decades, scientists thought of the brain as the most valuable and consequently most closely guarded part of the body. Locked safely behind the blood-brain barrier, it was broadly free of the harm of viruses and the battles started by the immune system (免疫系统). Then, about 20 years ago, some researchers began to wonder: is the brain really so separated from the body? The answer, according to a growing body of evidence, is no.The list of brain conditions that have been associated with changes elsewhere in the body is long and growing. Changes in the makeup of the microorganisms in the digestive system have been linked to disorders such as Parkinson’s disease. There is also a theory that infection during pregnancy could lead to brain diseases in babies.The effect is two-way. There is a lengthening list of symptoms not typically viewed as disorders of the nervous system, but the brain plays a large part in them. For example, the development of a fever is influenced by a population of nerve cells that control body temperature and appetite. Evidence is mounting that cancers use nerves to grow and spread.The interconnection between the brain and body has promising implications for our ability to both understand and treat illnesses. If some brain disorders start outside the brain, then perhaps treatments for them could also reach in from outside. Treatments that take effect through the digestive system, the heart or other organs, would be much easier and less risky than those that must cross the blood-brain barrier.It also works in the opposite direction. Study shows mice have healthier hearts after receiving stimulation to a brain area involved in positive emotion and motivation. Activation of the brain reward centre — called the ventral tegmental area (VTA) — seems to cause immune changes that contribute to it. Working out how this happens could help to destroy cancers, enhance responses to vaccines and even re-evaluate physical diseases that, for centuries, have not been considered as being psychologically driven.46．What do the researchers focus on about the brain?A．Its protecting system.B．Its exposure to diseases.C．Its controlling function.D．Its connection to the body.47．How does the author support his idea in paragraph 2?A．By explaining a theory.B．By providing examples.C．By making comparisons.D．By presenting cause and effect. 48．Which best describes treatments that do not cross the blood-brain barrier?A．Cheaper.B．More specific.C．Safer.D．More direct.49．What does the study suggest in the last paragraph?A．Brain health depends on immune changes.B．Brain stimulation leads to negative emotions.C．The brain can help enhance psychological health.D．The brain may be key to treating physical diseases.Lao Zi once said, “Care about what other people think and you will always be their prisoner. ”People-pleasing, or seeking self-worth through others’ approval, is unproductive and an exhausting way to go through life. Why do we allow what others think of us to have so much power over how we feel about ourselves? If it’s true that you can’t please all people all of the time, wouldn’t it make sense to stop trying?Unfortunately, sense often isn’t driving our behavior. For social beings who desire love and belonging, wanting to be liked, and caring about the effect we have on others, is healthy and allows us to make connections. However, where we get into trouble is when our self-worth is dependent on whether we win someone’s approval or not.This need to be liked can be traced back to when we were children and were completely dependent on others to take care of us: Small children are not just learning how to walk and communicate, they are also trying to learn how the world works. We learn about who we are and what is expected of us based on interactions with others so, to a four-year-old, if Mommy or Daddy doesn’t like him or her, there is the danger that they will abandon them. We need to understand that when we desperately want someone to approve of us, it’s being driven by that little kid part of us that is still afraid of being abandoned.As you become more capable of providing yourself with the approval you seek, your need for external approval will start to disappear, leaving you stronger, more confident, and yes, happierin your life. Jmagine how much time we lose each moment we restrain our authentic selves in an effort to be liked.If we base our worth on the opinions of others, we cheat ourselves of the power to shape our experiences and embrace life not only for others but also for ourselves, because ultimately, there is no difference. So embrace the cliché (老话) and love yourself as you’ll not regret it. 50．What can we conclude from Lao Zi’s quotation?A．We should see through other people’s attempt to make a prisoner of us.B．We can never really please other people even if we try as hard as we can.C．We can never be truly free if we care about others’ opinion of us.D．We should care about other people’s view as much as they care about our own. 51．What will happen if we base our self- worth on other people’s approval?A．Our desire to be loved will be fulledB．Our Identity as social beings will be affected.C．Our life will be unfruitful and exhausting.D．Our sense of self will be sharpened and enhanced.52．What may be the reason for our need to be liked or approved of?A．Our desperate longing for interactions with others.B．Our understanding of the workings of the world.C．Our knowledge about the pain of being abandoned.D．Our early childhood fear of being abandoned.53．What can we do when we become better able to provide ourselves with the desired approval?A．Enjoy a happier life.B．Exercise self- restraint.C．Receive more external approval.D．Strengthen our power of imagination. 54．What does the author advise us to do in the last paragraph?A．Embrace life for others.B．Love ourselves as we are.C．See our experiences as our wealth.D．Base our worth on others’ opinions.阅读下面短文，请根据短文后的要求答题。

2021年天津市第一中学高三英语月考试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThe COVID -19 pandemic has affected all aspects of life, including the way we travel. But for those who are looking to expand their horizons while still staying safe, the following three travel trends in 2021 may provide inspirations. Let’s take a look.StaycationWith many travel restrictions during the pandemic, people preferred traveling to nearby places in 2020. This trend continues in 2021. According to search data, 62 percent of people are interested in taking a vacation within driving distance of home. People who live in large cities want to get back in touch with nature. Travelers are looking for places different from their everyday accommodations, for example, farm stays, villas and cottages.Pod travelWhile 2020 saw a rise in solo travel and isolated adventures, 2021 shows that people want to be more connected. “Pod travel”, or gathering in isolated spaces with loved ones, is growing in popularity. 85 percent of survey respondents favor traveling with family or friends, and over half of the trips searched include three or more people. Pod travel is here to stay for those who want to safely be together while reducing risks associated with socializing with others.Remote working and travelingMany people worked and learned from home in 2020 because of the pandemic. Remote working blurs the line between working and traveling. There was a 128 percent increase in the mention of phrases such as “relocation”, “relocate”, “remote work” and “trying a new neighborhood”. People are actively booking longer stays (e. g. two plus week trips) in small to mid—size cities with access to immersive natural surroundings and wide—open spaces.1.What can we learn about Staycation?A.Travelling to the countryside.B.Taking an isolated adventure.CHaving holidays in nearby places. D.Staying indoors all by oneself.2.What’s special about Pod travel?A.Traveling alone.B.Traveling far away.C.Traveling while working.D.Traveling with loved ones.3.Where might we find the text in a magazine?A.Medicine.cation.C.TourismD.Career.BWater keeps us alive. When it runs out, we have a problem.About one out of four people on the planet are facing a shortage of water. Seventeen countries around the world are dealing with high-water stress. This means they are using almost all the water they have access to. Many are dry countries. Some waste much of their water. Some may currently use too much of their groundwater that they should be saving. Several big cities face acute shortages. These include Sao Paulo, Brazil; Chennai, India; and Cape Town, South Africa. A year ago, Cape Town faced nay Zero-the day when all its dams would he dry.Climate change adds to the risk of water shortages. Rainfall is less steady. The water supply becomes less reliable. The days grow hotter. More water evaporates(蒸发)from lakes and rivers even as demand for water increases. By 2030, the number of cities in the high-stress category may have risen to 45 and include almost 470 million people.All over the world, farmers compete with city residents for water. Rich urban places, such as Los Angeles, use too much water for pools and golf courses. But the worst problem is the growth of cities. Bangalore, India, for example, had a few years with little rain. It built over its many lakes or filled them with city waste. The lakes are no longer the rain water storage tanks they once were. Bangalore now imports water. A lot of the imported water, however, gets lost on the way to Bangalore.To address this issue, what can be done? First, cities can plug leaks in their water distribution system. Wastewater can be recycled. Rain can be harvested and saved for hard times. Lakes and wetlands can be cleaned up and old wells can be restored. And farmers can switch from water-intensive crops like rice to less-thirsty crops like millet(小米).Experts are looking at ways to reduce the number of people on the planet. They are looking at ways to reduce the size of cities. They are looking for ways to encourage people, factories and farmers to use less water.4. What can we know from Paragraph 2?A. A quarter of the world's population is living with water shortages.B. Nearly all countries are facing acute water shortages now.C. Underground water should he used to meet the water demand.D. Measures have been taken to deal with the water shortage in India.5. What is the main idea of the third paragraph?A. Rainfall is not as steady as before.B. Climate change may lead to water shortages.C. The water supply relies more on rainfall.D. Hotter weather changes the water demand.6. What can farmers do to deal with water shortage?A. Plug leaks in the water distribution system.B. Clean up lakes and wetlands and restore wells.C. Reduce the number of people in the cities.D. Grow less-water consumption crops instead.7. What will be discussed if the passage continues?A. How to prevent from climate change.B. How to inspire people to save water.C. How to recycle wastewater in citiesD. How to make people get access to clean water.CNASA has flown an aircraft on another planet for the first time. On Monday, April 19, Ingenuity, a 1. 8-kilogram drone (无人机) helicopter, took off from the surface of Mars, flew up about threemeters, then hovered for 40 seconds and took photos above with one of its two cameras. The historic moment was livestreamed on YouTube. “We can now say that human beings have flown a drone helicopter on another planet,” said MiMi Aung, the Ingenuity Mars Helicopter project manager at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, at a press conference. “We, together, flew at Mars, and we, together, now have our Wright brothers moment,” she added, referring to the first powered airplane flight on Earth in 1903.The details: The flight was a significant technical challenge, thanks to Mars' s bone-chilling temperatures (nights can drop down to -130 °F / -90 °C) and its incredibly thin atmosphere — just 1% the density of Earth' s. That meant Ingenuity had to be light, with rotor blades (螺旋桨) that were bigger and faster than would be needed to achieve liftoff on Earth (although the gravity on Mars, which is only about one-third of Earth's, worked in its favor). The flight had originally been scheduled to take place on April 11 but was delayed by software issues.Why it's significant: Beyond being a significantmilestonefor Mars exploration, the flight will also pave the way for engineers to think about new ways to explore other planets. Future drone helicopters could help astronauts by scoping out locations, exploring inaccessible areas, and capturing images. Ingenuity will also help inform the design of Dragonfly, a car-size drone that NASA is planning to send to Saturn's moon Titan in 2027.What's next: In the next few weeks, Ingenuity will conduct four more flights, each lasting up to 90 seconds. Each one is designed to further push the limits of Ingenuity's capabilities. Ingenuity is only designed to last for 30 Martian days, and is expected to stop functioning aroundMay 4. Its final resting place will be in the Jezero Crater as NASA moves on to the main focus of its mission: Getting the Perseverance rover (毅力号火星探测器) to study Mars for evidence of life.8. Why does MiMi Aung mention Wright brothers?A. To honor the historic contribution of Wright brothers.B. To make a comparison between Wright brothers and herself.C. To highlight the importance of Ingenuity's Martian exploration.D. To remind the public of the first powered airplane flight on Earth.9. What caused challenges for Ingenuity designers?A. The delay of software tests.B. The force of gravity on Mars.C. Mars's temperatures and atmosphere.D. Technical difficulty in liftoff on Earth.10. What does the underlined word “milestone” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. A great victory.B. A difficult task.C. A roadside stone.D. A historic event.11. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text?A. Mars Drone Helicopter Makes Historic First FlightB. Modern Wright Brothers Moment: Mars ExplorationC. First Drone Helicopter Spots Evidence of Life on MarsD. Ingenuity: Mars Drone Flies to Take Incredible PicturesDYu Chenrui, 29, is a maker of automata (机关人偶) in Chengdu, Sichuan province. Automata are built to look like humans or animals and give the illusion (错觉) of being able to move on their own, “The art form amazes me, becauseit combines various skills, from storytelling to mechanics, and the pieces are built with a sense of humor,” Yu says. His creations have caught the attention of well-known artists and his fancy pieces of art have attracted collectors worldwide.Interested in handcrafts as a boy, Yu first encountered automata designed by Japanese artist Kazuaki at an exhibition in 2015 when he studied at the Communication University of China inBeijing. “It was like meeting a like-minded friend, ” Yu says, recalling the moment. As an art and design major, he began to learn the craft by himself and, with the support of his tutor, he kept studying and examining automata in school.When he graduated in 2016, Yu landed a job at an advertising agency inBeijing. He stayed on at the company for three years because, at that time, he was not sure that he could make a living out of his hobby. While working as a designer Yu kept exploring and advancing his skills in wood carving and mechanics. Eventually, despite the job’s good salary, it was not enough to make up for not following his true passion. Finally, in 2018, Yu quit his job and returned toChengduto open his automata workshop.To keep himself occupied while running his workshop, he planted blueberries, raspberries and cherries. He watered, weeded and added fertilizer (肥料) every day. “Daily routines helped me calm down and inspire my creativity, which resulted in an automaton called To Observe the Autumn,” Yu says.Over time, Yu’s reputation grew and his business flourished (兴旺). Many of Yu’s creations are built with a dash of wisdom, a sprinkle of humor and are inspired by observations of real life. Yu knows that there are many more creative ideas waiting to be expressed. “It feels quite good to be fully devoted to automata creation and I am still searching for myself.”12. What can we learn from the first paragraph?A. Yu is equipped with various skills.B. Yu is a person full of sense of humor.C. Yu is now gaining recognition worldwide.D. Yu is following the latest trend in handcraft.13. Why did Yu quit his job inBeijing?A. He couldn't make a living out of it.B. He wanted to pursue his own dream.C. He missed his family inChengdu.D. He thought he had a lot experience.14. According to Yu, what contributes to his creativity as an automata artist?A. The fruits he grows.B. Success of his business.C. His devotion to the job.D. Observation from daily life.15. Which of the following can best describe Yu’s story?A. There is no end to learning.B. Great hopes make great man.C. Actions speak louder than words.D. Experience is the mother of wisdom.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

天津市第一中学2023-2024学年高三上学期第二次月考英语试卷学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、单项选择1．— Why didn’t you come to the party?— _______, but I’d really like some time alone to clear my thoughts.A．No wonder B．No offence C．No comment D．No doubt 2．Most schools nowadays prefer to use continuous ________, because it gives a fairer picture of how the student has done during the whole year.A．admission B．application C．allowance D．assessment 3．She drew a deep breath to calm herself down but her look still ________ her anger and disapproval.A．defined B．betrayed C．generated D．handled 4．—How did the residents in your community show their sympathy to the victims in the stricken area?—A large sum of money, with relief supplies, ________ to them.A．is offered B．are offered C．was offered D．were offered 5．How come? I can’t find my key. I just left it ________ it had been.A．where B．whichC．when D．how6．Michael and his family migrated to New Zealand in the hope of living a better life, only ________entirely new hardships.A．encounter B．encountering C．to encounter D．encountered 7．Elizabeth was enormously motivated although she made ________ advances in her English learning.A．brilliant B．modest C．substantial D．considerable 8．The computers made by our company sell well, but several years ago no one could imagine the role in the market that they ________．A．has played B．were to play C．had played D．played9．—I think changing jobs too frequently is not very good, because a rolling stone gathers no moss.—______ I’ll stay in the present job longer.A．Not exactly.B．That’s not the point.C．You got me there.D．You said it.10．—It turned out to be quite warm in Beijing. We ________ the trouble to take warm clothes.—Good watch prevents misfortune.A．needn’t have taken B．needn’t takeC．mustn’t have taken D．mustn’t take11．We all show admiration for the charity organizations ________ to building a better future for the young kids in poverty.A．committing B．to commit C．committed D．havingcommitted12．________ the whole family get together on the Moon Festival is deeply rooted in Chinese culture.A．What B．When C．How D．That13．A traffic accident took away her parents when she was in college, but she finally________ with her friends’ company and support.A．worked out B．pulled through C．got across D．went through 14．Students receiving poor grades, which ________ lead to negative self-recognition, are sure to be on the high-risk list of dropping out.A．in contrast B．in effect C．in brief D．in turn 15．Stress is everywhere and in fact it isn't such a bad thing ________ it is often supposed to be.A．that B．as C．what D．which二、完形填空Not long ago, I was the guide on a wildlife-photography trip to Svalbard near the Northcamera. The motion sensor reacted to the bear’s 22 , making the camera start taking pictures. The bear circled the 23 , gently sniffing it. Unexpectedly the camera 24 into the hole and disappeared beneath the deep ice.That was the 25 moment in my photography career. I was so 26 with myself. A year later I obtained 27 to bring a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) to find the camera. There was a lot more ice than the 28 trip. As I knew well, polar bears could be nearby. We decided to 29 it. The ice was so thin, and soon we 30 technical difficulties and had to pull the ROV out of the water twice. 31 on the third try the ROV found the camera. We shouted and 32 around on the ice.I was overjoyed to see all my 33 . I saw the polar bear breathing and sniffing the camera. 34 that camera is the most satisfying 35 of my career with the lovely animal and its habitat presented.16．A．research B．training C．inspection D．adventure 17．A．spotted B．avoided C．imagined D．appreciated 18．A．threw B．buried C．placed D．applied 19．A．character B．image C．acceptance D．description 20．A．pulling B．shouting C．drawing D．crying 21．A．terrible B．simple C．abnormal D．sharp 22．A．movement B．situation C．position D．smell 23．A．seal B．ice C．hole D．camera 24．A．dug B．leaked C．slipped D．raced 25．A．luckiest B．worst C．brightest D．wettest 26．A．annoyed B．embarrassed C．bored D．satisfied 27．A．commitment B．recognition C．excuse D．permission 28．A．ordinary B．previous C．precious D．tight 29．A．risk B．consider C．escape D．abandon 30．A．got over B．turned into C．ran into D．turned over 31．A．Obviously B．Amazingly C．Initially D．Gradually 32．A．stepped B．wandered C．floated D．danced 33．A．animals B．facilities C．photos D．friends 34．A．Recovering B．Acquiring C．Repairing D．Exploring 35．A．recommendation B．accomplishment C．discoveryD．evolution三、阅读理解Téa Obreht’s Favorite NovelsTéa Obreht’s new novel, Inland, tells the stories of an outlaw crossing the American West and a homesteader awaiting the return of her husband. Below, she recommends other novels shaped by place.The MeadowJames Galvin (1992).Galvin narrows his novel’s focus to a river in south-eastern Wyoming, the site of three generations’ struggle and achievements. “I often find myself reading each sentence twice, just to enjoy the unexpected twists of Galvin’s prose (散文). ”What Is Not Yours Is Not Y oursHelen Oyeyemi (2016).Everything about this story collection delights and puzzles the soul, in a way of experiencing the terrifying fairy tale for the first time. Each story feels like working around you in a kind of harmony you can’t even begin to comprehend until the final line.Orange WorldKaren Russell (2019).“Every new book of Russell’s instantly takes its previous book’s place as my favorite.” Place, in each of these time-jumping, world-warping stories — which unfold a map of place both real and imagined — provides physical, social, and emotional pressures on both character and reader.The Bluest EyeToni Morrison (1970).“Morrison’s novel remains my favorite, possibly owing to the particular feelings produced by its place and personhood, and its suggestion that how you experience the world is governed by age, race, and whether or not one grows up loved.”36．What do the four novels have in common?A．They have similar plots.B．They are shaped by place.C．They have the same background.D．They are written by Téa Obreht.37．Which of the statements is true about What Is Not Yours Is Not Yours?A．It fills the reader’s heart with terror.B．It’s a story collection without harmony in each story.C．It’s a prose authored by Helen Oyeyemi.D．The harmony in it can not be understood until the end.38．How does Téa Obreht evaluate Karen Russell and her Orange World ?A．It takes on a dynamic and mysterious atmosphere.B．The reader feels their pressures taken off when they read it.C．Téa always likes Karen’s new book better than her previous one.D．It presents social conflicts in different times and worlds.39．What do you know about The Bluest Eye from the last paragraph?A．Its place and personhood impress Téa Obreht a lot.B．It advocates ecological balance in nature.C．It suggests a connection between love and success.D．Age and gender impact how you experience the world.I’ve worked in the factories surrounding my hometown every summer since I graduated from high school. But making the transition between school and full-time blue-collar work during the break never gets any easier. For a student like me who considers any class beforenever seem to understand why I’m so relieved to be back at school or that my summer vacation has been anything but a vacation.There are few people as self-confident as a college student who has never been out in the real world. People of my age always seem to overestimate the value of their time and knowledge. In fact, all the classes did not prepare me for my battles with the machine I ran in the plant, which would jam whenever I absent-mindedly put in a part backward or upside down.The most stressful thing about blue-collar life is knowing your job could disappear overnight. Issues like downsizing and overseas relocation had always seemed distant to me until my co-workers told me that the unit I was working in would shut down within six months and move to Mexico, where people would work for 60 cents an hour.After working 12-hour shifts in a factory, the other options have become only too clear.When I’m back at the university, skipping classes and turning in lazy re-writes seems too irresponsible after seeing what I would be doing without school. All the advice and public-service announcements about the value of an education that used to sound stale now ring true.These lessons I’m learning, however precious, are always tinged (带有) with a sense of guilt. Many people pass their lives in the places I briefly work, spending 30 years where I spend only two months at a time. “This job pays well, but it’s hell on the body,” said one co-worker. “Study hard and keep reading,” she added.My experiences in the factories have inspired me to make the most of my college years before I enter the real world for good.40．How did the author look back on his summer days while at college?A．They brought him nothing but torture.B．They were no holiday for him at all.C．They were a relief from his hard work at school.D．They offered him a chance to know more people.41．Which of the following is closest to the underlined word “torture” in the first paragraph?A．Misery.B．Fortune.C．Anxiety.D．Availability. 42．What does the author say about college students?A．They expect too much from the real world.B．They have little interest in blue-collar life.C．They think too highly of themselves.D．They are confident about their future.43．What, according to the author, is most frustrating for blue-collar workers?A．They do not get decent pay.B．They do not have job security.C．They have to work 12-hour shifts.D．They have to move from place to place.44．Why does the author feel somewhat guilty?A．He realizes there is a great divide between his life and that of blue-collar workers.B．He looks down upon the mechanical work at the assembly line.C．He has not done much to help his co-workers at the factory.D．He has stayed at school just for the purpose of escaping from the real world.45．In what important way has the author’s work experience changed him?A．He learned to be more practical.B．He acquired a sense of urgency.C．He came to respect blue-collar workers.D．He came to appreciate his college education.Dreams, according to Carl Jung, reveal a certain amount of reality hidden during waking consciousness. In Jungian philosophy, the conflict and chaos experienced in dreams finally bring order to our lives. While Jung’s mystical theories are debatable, he was not mistaken about the importance of dreaming. A growing number of reports show that a continuous lack of dreaming is damaging our waking hours in many ways.This trend is causing damage to our immune and metabolic systems, let alone the electronic products that keep us up late at night are ruining our sleep patterns, which has long-term consequences on our memory system. One study showed that not allowing mice to have adequate amounts of REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep, the stage in which we dream, the mice couldn’t strengthen memories.You might think this is just a sleep problem, but dreaming is inseparable from our nighttime rest. We sleep in cycles, each lasting about 90 minutes; in a sleep cycle, we go through non-REM sleep before hitting REM. As the night progresses, REM sleep periods increase in length while deep sleep (one of the stages of non-REM sleep) decreases. The longer we sleep, the more time we spend in REM, which is why we are often dreaming when waking up in the morning. If we sleep less than seven hours, however, it becomes harder to achieve this level of REM.The combination of sleeping and dreaming acts as an emotional stabilizer. We recover from emotional hurt faster when we sleep and dream properly. However, we’re not getting enough sleep to cycle through the stages to take advantage of this natural circadian anti-depressant (抗抑郁剂) — dreams. Instead, we get depressed and turn to alcohol or medicines to get to sleep, which only makes things worse because even one drink leads to late REM while anti-depressants promote deep sleep at the expense of REM.We’re paying for this lack of dreaming in many ways. For example, a 2021 study stated that compared with quiet rest and non-REM sleep, REM promoted the formation of associative networks and the integration of unassociated information. V olunteers thatexperienced more REM sleep were better equipped for solving problems requiring innovative solutions.Rowan Hooper, the managing editor at New Scientist, writes that dreams that include an “emotional core” appear to be a main function of REM sleep and that we should look at sleep patterns as seriously as we do diet and exercise habits.46．What’s Carl Jung’s view about dreams?A．They cause chaos.B．They damage immunity.C．They reveal secrets.D．They mirror reality.47．Why is the sleep process explained in Paragraph 3?A．To show a dream mainly occurs during REM sleep.B．To prove the minimum sleep time should be seven hours.C．To prove dream problems and sleep problems are attached.D．To show people often dream when waking up in the morning.48．Which of the following statements is true according to the author?A．Deep sleep is one of the stages of REM sleep.B．Adequate REM sleep contributes to a better memory.C．A sound sleep without dreams brings about stable emotions.D．The longer we sleep, the less time we spend in REM.49．What conclusion can be inferred from Paragraph 5?A．Dreaming promotes creativity.B．Dreaming helps fight depression.C．The brain still receives new information during REM sleep.D．The brain is paying the price for having more non-REM sleep.50．What’s the main idea of the passage?A．The importance of sleep lies in dreams.B．The absence of dreams is terrible for us.C．Dreaming patterns are more important than we realize.D．Dreaming has mystical power of strengthening memories.Many years ago, I bumped into an old friend of mine. He had devoted his life to acting but had never been quite successful. In his middle age, he seemed defeated and sad.I thought of his dogged perseverance. Was it smart or foolish? What could he haveachieved? Had he quit his dream of acting and moved on? Our culture does not look kindly upon quitting. Failure is perfectly acceptable as long as it eventually results in success.We chant “Winners never quit” and “If at first you don’t succeed, try again.” We lap up stories of persistence, of the author who submitted stories for years before her novels were published or of the athlete who trained since childhood to win gold at the Olympics.Persistence pays off when it is rewarded with success, but it does not reward every person. For every JK Rowling, there are thousands of aspiring writers who will never get published. For every Olympic athlete, there are innumerable others who trained every day of their lives and never made the cut.We all agree that doing the same things and expecting a different result is unwise. So why do we believe that persevering through failure after failure is a good idea? We consider quitting in the face of failure to be weak. We believe that perseverance is the key to success. Perseverance is only one part of success. You need talent or skill, as well as passion and drive. Luck and timing are also key to any great success.Our society believes that anything is possible, as long as you “believe”. But not everyone can make it. Quitting when you’ re not ahead is sometimes the smartest thing to do. Obviously, if you enjoy a pursuit, regardless of its outcome, you should continue. If you knew your novel would never be published, would you want to write? If you could never be a champion swimmer, would you still train? Sometimes, it is wise to put your energy into something else.Failure is not always the path to success. Sometimes, failure is the door to something new.51．What do we know about the author’s old friend?A．He was dissatisfied with his acting performance.B．He switched his dream of acting to something else.C．He failed in acting because of a lack of persistence.D．He failed in all attempts to become a successful actor.52．The author mentioned JK Rowling mainly to ______.A．explain how she achieved success in writingB．show that success doesn’t happen to everyoneC．prove that success favors those who are perseverantD．encourage readers to pursue their dream until they succeed53．What is the meaning of the underlined phrase in paragraph 4?A．Held on to their dreams.B．Met the required standard.C．Improved their performances.D．Promised to be good players.54．What does the author advise us to do if we’ve failed many times?A．Make an effort to try new things.B．Stick to your goal until we succeed.C．Wait for the right time and good luck.D．Ask friends or family members for help.55．Which of the following do you think is the best title for the passage?A．Stick to your dream--anything is possibleB．Perseverance: the secret to successC．Flexibility vs. PerseveranceD．Perseverance-the only access to success?四、阅读表达阅读表达Why are so many people unhappy in their jobs? There are two primary reasons. First, some people are convinced that earning a living is wasting time that they could spend enjoying themselves or uncovering their true talents.If this is the case with you, recall your last long vacation. Was it two weeks of complete enjoyment? More likely it was a week and a half of fun in the sun, with another half a week of “Boy, I can’t wait to get back to work.” If you didn’t feel such vacation blues, then imagine taking a leave of absence. You could use it to work on a novel, attend classes or just sit around watching TV. At the end of three months, in all likelihood, your self-respect would be at an all-time low. While all work and no play are not good, all play and no work are disastrous. We need to feel we are accomplishing something. We also need some form of order in our lives.The second and perhaps more common reason for people not to like their work is that they feel trapped. Once you’ve been at a company for five years and get married, have amortgage and a child, you often feel you have very little choice about jumping ship if things aren’t turning out as you’d planned. A steady paycheck can be the biggest restrict of all. People hate having to do something because they have no other choice.If you find yourself hating your job, your option takes the form of an up-to-date resume. You might also take a weekly glance through the help-wanted section, and make some visits to industry functions where low-key networking can take place. You’re not giving up on your current job. Rather, you are providing yourself with an option. If things get unbearable at work, you could jump ship.At the core of adopting a positive attitude to your workplace is, above all, assuming responsibility for your own situation. Most people feel controlled by their environment, but they really aren’t. They have to learn to manage that environment so they can get from it what they need.56．What are people likely to do after a long vacation according to the author? (No more than 10 words)57．What can people get from work according to the second paragraph? (No more than 10 words)58．How do you interpret the underlined word in the last paragraph? (One word)59．What do you think is the main idea of the passage? (No more than 15 words)60．What will you do if you hate your job one day in the future? (No more than 20 words)五、其他应用文61．假设你是李津，10月26日中午12:30你校在校园举办了“凉山义卖”活动，为四川凉山的贫困孩子们筹款。

天津中学2022 级高二（上）第一次月考英语试卷分值：150分时长：120 分钟祝同学们考试顺利！本试卷共分为第Ⅰ卷（听力）,第Ⅱ卷（选择题）和第III卷（非选择题）三部分，满分150分, 考试时间120分钟。

注意事项：1．答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用铅笔涂写在答题卡上。

2．选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应的题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再填涂其它答案，不能答在试卷上。

第I卷听力（共20分）第一节：（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5短对话并回答相关小题，每段对话仅读一遍。

1. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. At the airport.B. At the post office.C. In the hotel.2. Why is Emma tired?A. She has just finished a report.B. She climbed a mountain.C. She did a lot of housework.3. What is the relationship between the speakers?A. Husband and wife.B. Classmates.C. Father and daughter.4. How much should the woman pay?A. 20 dollars.B. 19 dollars.C. 15 dollars.5. What is the woman going to do?A. Take a literature class with the man.B. Sign up for her favorite classes.C. Help the man register for a course.第二节：（共10小题；每小题分，满分15分）听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。

天津一中 2018—2019 学年度高三年级四月考物理学科试卷 本试卷分为第 I 卷（选择题）、第 II 卷（非选择题）两部分，共 120 分。

考生务必然 答案涂写答题纸或答题卡的规定地址上，答在试卷上的无效。

第Ⅰ卷（本卷共 8 道题，共 48 分）一、单项选择题：（每题 6 分，共 30 分。

每题中只有一个选项是正确的）1．以下说法正确的选项是 （ ）A ．核裂变与核聚变都伴有质量损失，损失的质量转变为能量 B ．β 射线和光电效应中逸出的电子都是原子核衰变产生的C ．真空中的光速在不相同的惯性参照系中都是相同的，与光源、观察者间的相对运动 没有关系D ．原子核所含核子单独存在时的总质量小于该原子核的质量2．如图 a 所示，一根水平张紧的弹性长绳上有等间距的 Q ′、P ′、O 、P 、Q 质点，相 邻两质点间距离为 1 m ．t ＝0 时辰 O 质点从平衡地址开 始沿 y 轴正方向振动，并产生分别 向左、向右流传的波，O 质点振动图像如图 b 所示，当 O 点第一次达到正方向最大位移的 时辰，P 点刚开始振动，则( )图 a 图 bA ．P ′、P 两点距离为半个波长，因此它们的振动步伐向来相反B ．当 Q ′点振动第一次达到负向最大位移时，P 质点经过行程的行程是 20 cm C ．当波在绳中流传时，绳中全部质点沿 x 轴搬动的速度大小相等且保持不变 D ．若 O 质点振动加速，波的流传速度变大3．将一质量为 m 的物体分别放在地球的南、北两极点时，该物体的重力均为 mg 0；将 该物体放在地球赤道上时，该物体的重力为 mg .假设地球可视为质量平均分布的球体，半 径为 R ，已知引力常量为 G ，则由以上信息可得出( )gR 2 A ．地球的质量为 G 3 g 0 B ．地球同步卫星的离地高度为 RR C ．地球自转的周期为 2π g 0－g g 0－gD ．地球的第一宇宙速度大小为 gR4．一带负电的粒子只在电场力作用下沿 x 轴正方向运动，其电势 能 E p 随位移 x 变化的关系以下列图，其中 0～x 2段是关于直线 x ＝x 1 对 称的曲线，x 2～x 3 段是直线，则以下说法正确的选项是( )A ．x 1 处电场强度最小，但不为零B ．粒子在 0～x 2 段做匀变速运动，x 2～x 3 段做匀速直线运动C ．在 0、x 1、x 2、x 3 处电势 φ0、φ1、φ2、φ3 的关系为 φ3＞φ2＝φ0＞φ1D ．x 2～x 3 段的电场强度大小和方向均不变5．我国航天事业连续飞速发展，2019 年 1 月，嫦娥四号飞船在太阳系最大的撞击坑 内凑近月球南极的地址着陆月球反面。

天津市天津一中2014届高三四月月考英语试题和答案第I卷（选择题，共95分）第一部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）1. - I have some big news for you. You’ve been accepted as a member of our baseball team.- _______ That’s great!A. Have I ?B. Pardon?C. Congratulations!D. Good for you!2. Now that you have been _______ to our club, you will enjoy all the benefits and privileges of club membership, which includes free access to the digital version of all the articles.A. submittedB. admittedC. confirmedD. attended3. When first _______ in China, Prison Break made Chinese viewers crazy about it.A. screeningB. to screenC. screenD. screened4. The government has taken some measures to solve the shortage of electricity, but it may be some time _______ the situation improves．A. sinceB. whenC. unlessD. before5. The drilling in Antarctica dragged on slowly because of lack of money, equipment breakdowns, environmental _______ and severe cold.A. concernsB. assumptionC. occupationsD. ignorance6. Don’t be so discouraged. If you _______ such feelings, you will do better next time.A. carry onB. get backC. break downD. put away7. - Excuse me, but may I have access to the Wi-Fi here? I’d like to take some photos of thedelicious food and update my microblog.- . Here is the key to it.A. By all means.B. You said it.C. Allow me, sir.D. Out of the question.8. In recent years many football clubs _______ as business to make a profit.A. have runB. have been run C had been run D. will run9. I like Mr. Miner’s speech; it was clear and _______ the point.A. atB. onC. toD. of10. Obviously, strengthening strategic partnership is consistent with the _______ interests of thetwo countries and their peoples.A. traditionalB. potentialC. fundamentalD. secure11. This restaurant has an inviting, homelike atmosphere _______ many others are short of.A. whereB. whenC. thatD. what12. _______ the picture of the popular singer, I would show it to you right now.A. I had takenB. Did I takeC. Had I takenD. I took13.It’s beyond our comprehension that Jim, who tops the class in English, _______ havedifficulty translating such a simple sentence.A. shallB. shouldC. mightD. must14. You can close your eyes and imagine lying on the beach in the sunshine _______ yourself relaxed.A. having madeB. to makeC. madeD. make15. _______ is known to all is that the 2014 Winter Olympics took place in Russia's Black Searesort of Sochi.A. ItB. ThatC. WhichD. What第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从16-35各题所给的四个选项A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

2018--2019--2 天津一中高三年级五月考英语试卷第I 卷（选择题，共95 分）第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45 分）第一节单项填空（共15 小题；每小题1 分，满分15 分）从A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1. --- He traveled around the world alone when he was sixteen years old. --- Wow, . A. that's really something B. good luck.C. I'm with you on thatD. it's not a big deal2. I felt very happy to get a one-month break from work last year I could travel with my family to Paris.A. whereB. whenC. whichD. that3. I'm never going to guess the answer if you don't give me a .A. orderB. signalC. clueD. outline4. --- I beg your pardon, but I didn’t quite catch you. --- Oh, I myself.A. am talking toB. have talked toC. talked toD. was talking to5. No notice should be of what your mother says --- she's just in abad mood. A. paid B. taken C. required D. needed6. It wasn’t right to me that such near neighbors not know one another.A. couldB. wouldC. shouldD. might7. I heard the news on the radio last night there was a terrible storm on the way. A.that B. which C. how D. where8. My mother often makes a schedule to keep herself of what she is to do duringthe day.A. remindB. to remindC. remindedD. reminding9. you exercise regularly as well, you won’t be able to lose weight only by eating less. A. Once B. When C. If D. Unless10. the tower building, where you can see the whole city.A. Standing on the top ofB. If you climb toC. When you reach the top ofD. Get to the top of11. --- Have you seen a red backpack on this seat?--- I saw a man walking away with , but I am not sure whether it is yours. A.one B. it C. that D. the one12. Make sure you have your passport with you all the time in a foreign country, which wouldcause trouble.A. somehowB. meanwhileC. otherwiseD. anyway13. All the students felt discouraged because the exercise was the abilities of most of the class.A. underB. beyondC. againstD. over14. --- Ms. Smith, thank you for inviting us. The food you cooked is very delicious. ---_.A. I practice every dayB. I am glad you like it.C. No, I d on’t think soD. Well, it’s not good enough15. Now the flowers look healthy again. I figure that they would have died if I them two days ago.A. don't waterB. didn't waterC. hadn't wateredD. haven't watered第二节完形填空（共20 小题；每小题1.5 分，满分30 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从31-50 各题所给的四个选项A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

天津一中2023—2024-2高三年级第四次月考数学试卷本试卷总分150分，考试用时120分钟．考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效．一、选择题（本大题共9小题，每小题5分，共45分）1. 已知集合，则（ ）A. B. C. D. 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】根据题意，求得集合，结合集合交集的运算，即可求解.【详解】由不等式，解得，所以，又由，所以.故选：C.2. 将收集到的天津一中2021年高考数学成绩绘制出频率分布直方图，如图所示，则下列说法中不正确的是（ ）A. B. 高三年级取得130分以上的学生约占总数的65%C. 高三年级的平均分约为133.2D. 高三年级成绩的中位数约为125【答案】D 【解析】【分析】对于A ，由各个矩形面积之和为1即可列式求解；对于B ，求最右边两个矩形面积之和即可验算；对于C ，D 分别由平均数计算公式、中位数计算方法即可判断.{}{}2|3100,33A x x x B x x =--<=-≤≤A B = (2,3]-[)3,5-{1,0,1,2,3}-{3,2,1,0,1,2,3,4}---{}1,0,1,2,3,4A =-23100x x --<25x -<<{}1,0,1,2,3,4A =-{}33B x x =-≤≤{}1,0,1,2,3A B ⋂=-0.028a =【详解】对于A ，，故A 正确；对于B ，高三年级取得130分以上的学生约占总数的，故B 正确；对于C ，高三年级的平均分约为，故C 正确；对于D ，设高三年级成绩的中位数为，由于，所以，故D 不正确.故选；D.3. 已知，条件，条件，则是的（ ）A. 充分不必要条件 B. 必要不充分条件C 充要条件D. 既不充分也不必要条件【答案】A 【解析】【分析】结合绝对值的性质，根据不等式的性质及充分条件、必要条件的定义分析判断即可.【详解】因为，所以由得，故由能推出；反之，当时，满足，但是；所以是的充分不必要条件.故选：A .4. 函数的图象大致为（ ）A. B.C. D.【答案】B 【解析】.()1100.0010.0090.0250.037100.028a =-⨯+++÷=⎡⎤⎣⎦()0.0280.03710100%65%+⨯⨯=()1050.0011150.0091250.0251450.0281350.03710133.2⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯⨯=x 0.010.090.250.350.500.350.370.72++=<<+=130140x <<0a >:p a b >2:q a ab >p q 0a >a b >2a ab ab >≥:p a b >2:q a ab >10,2a b =>=-212a ab =>=-122a =<-=p q ()21cos 31x f x x ⎛⎫=-⋅ ⎪+⎝⎭【分析】根据函数奇偶性即可排除CD ，由特殊点的函数值即可排除A.【详解】，则的定义域为R ，又，所以为奇函数，图象关于原点对称，故排除CD ，当时，，故排除A .故选：B.5. 已知函数是上的偶函数，且在上单调递增，设，，，则a ，b ，c 的大小关系是（ ）A. B. C. D. 【答案】B 【解析】【分析】结合偶函数的性质，函数单调性，只需比较对数、分数指数幂的大小即可得解.【详解】因为函数是上的偶函数，且在上单调递增，所以，即.故选：B.6. 多项式展开式中的系数为（ ）A. 985B. 750C. 940D. 680【答案】A 【解析】分析】由二项式定理即可列式运算，进而即可得解.【详解】多项式展开式中的系数为.故选：A.7. 已知斜三棱柱中，为四边形对角线的交点，设三棱柱的体积【2()(1)cos 31xf x x =-⋅+()f x ()()()22321cos 1cos 1cos 313131x x x xf x x x x f x -⎛⎫⨯⎛⎫⎛⎫-=-⋅-=-⋅=-+⋅=- ⎪ ⎪ ⎪+++⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭()f x πx =()ππ22π1cos π103131f ⎛⎫-=< ⎪++⎝⎭=-+()f x R ()f x [0,)+∞12e a f ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭12b f ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭1ln 2c f ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭a b c <<b<c<ac<a<bb a c<<()f x R ()f x [0,)+∞()()1211ln 2ln 1e 22b f f f c f ff a ⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫=<==<<== ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭b<c<a ()52(71)52x x++2x ()52(71)52x x++2x 32350555C 712C 7159805985⋅⋅⋅+⋅⋅⋅=+=111ABC A B C -O 11ACC A 111ABC A B C -为，四棱锥的体积为，则（ ）A. B. C. D. 【答案】A 【解析】【分析】如图，延长，连接，则、，进而得，即可求解.【详解】如图，延长，连接，则，所以，又O 为的中点，所以点到平面的距离是点到平面的距离的2倍，则，所以，即故选：A8. 已知函数（为常数，且）的一个最大值点为，则关于函数的性质，下列说法错误的有（ ）个.1V 11O BCC B -2V 21:V V =1:31:41:62:31OA 11,,OB OB A B 111123A BCC B V -=11122A BCC B V V -=12223V V =1OA 11,,OB OB A B 11111111,3A ABC A BCCB A ABC V V V V V ---=+=111123A BCCB V -=1AC 1A 11BCC B O 11BCC B 11111222A BCC B O BCC B V V V --==12223V V =2113V V =()sin cos f x a x b x =+,a b 0,0a b >>π3x =()sin 2cos 2g x a x b x =+①的最小正周期为；②的一个最大值点为；③在上单调递增；④的图像关于中心对称．A. 0个 B. 1个C. 2个D. 3个【答案】B 【解析】【分析】根据三角函数的性质，求的关系，再根据辅助角公式化简函数，再利用代入的方法，判断函数的性质.【详解】函数，，平方后整理为，所以，，函数的最小正周期为，故①正确；当时，，此时函数取得最大值，故②正确；当时，，位于单调递增区间，故③正确；，故④错误，所以错误的只有1个.故选：B9. 已知双曲线的左焦点为，过作渐近线的垂线，垂足为，且与抛物线交于点，若，则双曲线的离心率为（ ）A.B.C.D.【答案】B 【解析】()g x π()g x π6()g x 2π,π3⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭()gx 7π,012⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭,a b ()g x ()sin cos f x a x b x =+12b +=()20a =a π()sin 2cos 22sin 26g x x b x b x ⎛⎫=+=+ ⎪⎝⎭0b >()g x 2ππ2=π6x =πππ2662⨯+=()g x 2π,π3x ⎛⎫∈⎪⎝⎭π3π13π2,626x ⎛⎫+∈ ⎪⎝⎭77ππ4π2sin 22sin 0121263g b b π⎛⎫⎛⎫=⨯+=≠ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭22221(0,0)x y a b a b-=>>1(,0)F c -1F P 212y cx =M 13PM F P =【分析】首先利用等面积法求出点坐标，再根据，求出坐标，再将坐标带入抛物线化简即可求解出双曲线离心率.【详解】据题意，不妨取双曲线的渐近线方程为，此时，，∴，且是直角三角形，设，则，，代入中，得，即；设,则，，由，则，，∴，则；又在抛物线上，，即，化简得，分子分母同时除以，，且，，.故选：B二、填空题（本大题共6小题，每小题5分，共30分）10. 已知，且满足（其中为虚数单位），则_________．【答案】2【解析】【分析】根据复数相等得到关于的方程组，解该方程组即可.【详解】由题意，可得，P 13PM F P =M M 212y cx =by x a=-1F P b =1OF c =OP a =1OPF (,)p p P x y 11122OPF p S ab cy== p aby c ∴=b y xa =-2p a x c =-2(,a ab P c c-(,)M xy 2,a ab PM x y c c ⎛⎫=+- ⎪⎝⎭ 221,,a ab b ab F P c cc c c ⎛⎫⎛⎫=-+= ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭ 13PM F P = 223a b x c c+=⋅3ab ab y c c -=⋅2234,b a ab x y c c -==2234(,)b a abM c c -M 212y cx =22243()12ab b a cc c-∴=()()()2222222222221612316123a b b aca c a c a a c ⎡⎤=-⇔-=--⎣⎦422491640c a c a -+=4a 4291640e e ∴-+=1e >2e ∴===e ∴=,R a b ∈(12i)(i)3i a b ++=-i 22a b +=,a b (12i)(i)3i a b ++=-(2)(2)i 3i a b a b -++=-所以，解得，所以.故答案为：211. 著名的“全错位排列”问题（也称“装错信封问题”是指“将n 个不同的元素重新排成一行，每个元素都不在自己原来的位置上，求不同的排法总数．”，若将个不同元素全错位排列的总数记为，则数列满足，．已知有7名同学坐成一排，现让他们重新坐，恰有两位同学坐到自己原来的位置，则不同的坐法有_________种【答案】【解析】【分析】根据数列递推公式求出项，再结合分步计数原理求解.【详解】第一步，先选出两位同学位置不变，则有种，第二步，剩下5名同学都不在原位，则有种，由数列满足，，则，，，则不同的做法有种.故答案为：.12. 已知在处的切线与圆相切，则_________．【答案】或【解析】【分析】根据导数的几何意义，求得切线方程，再由直线与圆相切，列出方程，即可求解.【详解】由函数，可得，则且，所以函数在处的切线方程为，即，又由圆，可得圆心，半径为，2321a b a b -=⎧⎨+=-⎩1575a b ⎧=⎪⎪⎨⎪=-⎪⎩222a b +=n n a {}n a 120,1a a ==()12(1)(3)n n n a n a a n --=-+≥9242776C 2121⨯==⨯5a {}n a 120,1a a ==()12(1)(3)n n n a n a a n --=-+≥()()321312a a a =-+=()()432419a a a =-+=()()5435144a a a =-+=2144924⨯=9242()ln f x x x =-1x =22:()4C x a y -+==a -0x y -=2()ln f x x x =-1()2f x x x=-'(1)1f '=(1)1f =()f x 1x =11y x -=-0x y -=22:()4C x a y -+=(,0)C a 2r =因为与圆，解得.故答案为：.13. 元旦前夕天津-中图书馆举办一年一度“猜灯谜”活动，灯谜题目中逻辑推理占，传统灯谜占，一中文化占，小伟同学答对逻辑推理，传统灯谜，一中文化的概率分别为，，，若小伟同学任意抽取一道题目作答，则答对题目的概率为______，若小伟同学运用“超能力”，抽到的5道题都是逻辑推理题，则这5道题目中答对题目个数的数学期望为______.【答案】 ①. ##②. 【解析】【分析】根据全概率公式求解概率，根据二项分布列的期望公式求解即可.【详解】设事件“小伟同学任意抽取一道题目作答，答对题目”，则.由题意小伟同学任意抽取一道逻辑推理题作答，则答对题目的概率为，根据二项式分布知，所以，即的数学期望为.故答案为：，14. 在中，设，，其夹角设为，平面上点满足，，交于点，则用表示为_________．若，则的最小值为_________．【答案】 ①. ②.【解析】【分析】由和三点共线，得到和，得出方程组，求得的值，得到，再由，化简得到，得出，结合基本不等式，即可求解.0x y -=C 2a =±±20%50%30%0.20.60.7X 0.5511201A =()0.20.20.50.60.30.70.55P A =⨯+⨯+⨯=0.2()5,0.2X B ~()50.21E X =⨯=X 10.551ABC ,AB a AC b ==u u u r r u u u r r θ,D E 2AD AB = 3AE AC =,BE DC O AO ,a b65AO DE DC BE ⋅=⋅ cos θ4355AO a b =+ ,,D O C ,,B O E 2(1)AO ta t b =+- ()33AO ua u b =+-2133t ut u =⎧⎨-=-⎩,t u 4355AO a b =+ 65AO DE DC BE ⋅=⋅ 2248209a b a b ⋅=+ 22209cos 48a b a bθ+=【详解】因为三点共线，则存在实数使得，又因为三点共线，则存在实数使得，可得，解得，所以，由，因为，可得，整理得，可得，所以又因为所以，当且仅当时，即时，等号成立，所以.故答案为：15. 设函数，若函数与直线有两个不同的公共点，则的取值范围是______.【答案】或或【解析】【分析】对于，当可直接去绝对值求解，当时，分和,,D O C t (1)2(1)AO t AD t AC ta t b =+-=+-,,B O E u ()()133AO u AB u AE ua u b =+-=+-2133t u t u =⎧⎨-=-⎩24,55t u ==4355AO a b =+ 32,2,3DE AE AD b a DC AC AD b a BE AE AB b a =-=-=-=-=-=- 65AO DE DC BE ⋅=⋅ 436()(32)(2)(3)555a b b a b a b a +⋅-=-⋅-2248209a b a b ⋅=+ 2248cos 209a b a b θ=+ 22209cos 48a b a bθ+=22209a b+≥ 22209cos 48a b a b θ+=≥ 22209a b = 3b cos θ4355AO a b =+ 22()21f x x ax ax =-++()y f x =y ax =a 2a <-21a -<<-2a >221y x ax =-+0∆≤0∆>a <-a >论，通过和图像交点情况来求解.详解】由已知，即，则必过点，必过，对于，当时，，此时恒成立，所以，令，即，要有两个不同的公共点，则，解得或或，当时，或当时，和图象如下：此时夹在其两零点之间的部分为，令，得无解，则有两个根有两个根，即有两个解，，符合要求；当和图象如下：【221y x ax =-+()1y ax x =-22()21f x x ax ax ax =-++=()2211x ax ax x -+=-()1y ax x =-()()0,0,1,0221y x ax =-+()0,1221y x ax =-+280a ∆=-≤a -≤≤2210x ax -+≥()222()2121f x x ax ax a x ax =-++=+-+()221a x ax ax +-+=()22210a x ax +-+=()21Δ442020a a a ⎧=-+>⎨+≠⎩2a -≤<-21a -<<-2a <≤280a ∆=->a <-a >a <-221y x ax =-+()1y ax x =-221y x ax =-+-2221x ax ax ax -+-=-+()221a x -=()2211x ax ax x -+=-()2211x ax ax x ⇔-+=-()22210a x ax +-+=()2Δ4420a a =-+>a <-a >221y x ax =-+()1y ax x =-或令，根据韦达定理可得其两根均为正数，对于①，则，解得，对于②，则，解得，综上所述，的取值范围是或或.【点睛】方法点睛：对于方程的根或者函数零点问题，可以转化为函数图象的交点个数问题，图象直观方便，对解题可以带来很大的方便.三、解答题（本大发共5小题，共75分）16. 已知中，角A ，B ，C 的对边分别为a ，b ，c ，且，．（1）求；（2）若，求的面积．【答案】（1（2【解析】【分析】（1）利用正弦定理求关系，再利用余弦定理求出，再利用两角和的正弦定理计算即可；（2）利用三角形的面积公式求解即可.【小问1详解】2210x ax -+=011⎧<<⎪⎪>3a >011⎧<<⎪⎪<3a <<a 2a <-21a -<<-2a >ABC sin cos sin 22C CB =2223a c b -=πsin 3B ⎛⎫+⎪⎝⎭1b =ABC ,,a b c cos B因为，所以，由正弦定理得，所以，即，所以，在中，，所以【小问2详解】由（1）得当时，，所以17. 已知四棱台，下底面为正方形，，，侧棱平面，且为CD 中点．（1）求证：平面；（2）求平面与平面所成角的余弦值；（3）求到平面的距离．【答案】（1）证明见详解 （2）sincos sin 22C CB =sin 2sinC B =2c b =2222223347b a b c b b +=+===a 222cos 2a cb B ac +-===ABC sin B ==π11sin sin 322B B B ⎛⎫+=== ⎪⎝⎭1b =2a c ==122ABC S =´´=1111ABCD A B C D -ABCD 2AB =111A B =1AA ⊥ABCD 12,AA E =1//A E 11BCC B 11ABC D 11BCC B E 11ABC D 15（3【解析】【分析】（1）直接使用线面平行的判定定理即可证明；（2）构造空间直角坐标系，然后分别求出两个平面的法向量，再计算两个法向量的夹角余弦值的绝对值即可；（3）使用等体积法，从两个不同的方面计算四面体的体积即可求出距离.【小问1详解】由于，，故，而，故四边形是平行四边形，所以，而在平面内，不在平面内，所以平面；【小问2详解】如上图所示，以为原点，为轴正方向，建立空间直角坐标系.则，，，，，，设平面与平面的法向量分别是和，则有和，1EAD B 11∥A B AB CE AB ∥11CEA B 1111122CE CD AB A B ====11CEA B 11A E B C ∥1B C 11BCC B 1A E 11BCC B 1//A E 11BCC B 1A 11111,,A A A D A B,,x y z ()2,0,0A ()10,1,0D ()2,0,2B ()10,0,1B ()10,1,1C ()()()()11110,0,2,2,1,0,2,0,1,0,1,0AB AD BB B C ==-=--=11ABC D 11BCC B ()1,,n p q r = ()2,,n u v w =11100n AB n AD ⎧⋅=⎪⎨⋅=⎪⎩ 212110n BB n B C ⎧⋅=⎪⎨⋅=⎪⎩即，，从而，，.故我们可取，，而，故平面与平面所成角的余弦值是.【小问3详解】设到平面的距离为，由于，而，所以.所以到平面18. 已知椭圆的左右顶点为A ，B ，上顶点与两焦点构成等边三角形，右焦点（1）求椭圆的标准方程；（2）过作斜率为的直线与椭圆交于点，过作l 的平行线与椭圆交于P ，Q 两点，与线段BM 交于点，若，求．【答案】（1）（2）【解析】【分析】（1）根据上顶点与两焦点构成等边三角形求出即可；（2）设出直线方程，利用弦长公式求出求出，，利用点到直线的距离求出点到直线的距离和点到直线的距离，再根据列式计算即可.【小问1详解】2020r p q =⎧⎨-+=⎩200u w v --=⎧⎨=⎩0r v ==2p q =20u w +=()11,2,0n = ()21,0,2n =-11cos ,5n 11ABC D 11BCC B 15E 11ABC D L 111111332E AD B AD B V LS L AD AB L -==⋅⋅⋅= 111142333E AD B B AD E AEB ABCD V V S S --==⋅⋅=⋅= 43=L =E 11ABC D 22221(0)x y a b a b +=>>(1,0)F A (0)k k >l M F N 2AMN BPQ S S =△△k 22143x y +=k =,a b AM PQ N AM B PQ 2AMN BPQ S S =△△由已知在等边三角形中可得，则椭圆的标准方程为为；【小问2详解】设直线的方程为：，联立消去得，则，得，，设直线的方程为：，设，联立，消去得，易知，则，所以，由得，所以直线的方程为，即，联立得，所以点到直线的22,a c b ====22143x y +=l ()2y k x =+()222143y k x x y ⎧=+⎪⎨+=⎪⎩y ()2222341616120k x k x k +++-=221612234M k x k --=+226834M k x k-=+226834Mk AM x k -=-=-=+PQ ()1y k x =-()()1122,,,P x y Q x y ()221143y k x x y ⎧=-⎪⎨+=⎪⎩y ()22223484120k x k x k +-+-=0∆>221212228412,3434k k x x x x k k-+==++PQ ==()2212134k k +=+226834M k x k -=+222681223434M k k y k k k ⎛⎫-=⋅+= ⎪++⎝⎭BM ()2221234268234kk y x k k +=---+()324y x k=--()()3241y x k y k x ⎧=--⎪⎨⎪=-⎩222463,4343k k N k k ⎛⎫+ ⎪++⎝⎭N AM点到直线，因为，所以，解得.【点睛】方法点睛：直线与椭圆联立问题第一步：设直线方程：有的题设条件已知点，而斜率未知；有的题设条件已知斜率，点不定，都可由点斜式设出直线方程．第二步：联立方程：把所设直线方程与椭圆方程联立，消去一个元，得到一个一元二次方程．第三步：求解判别式：计算一元二次方程根的判别式.第四步：写出根之间的关系，由根与系数的关系可写出．第五步：根据题设条件求解问题中的结论．19. 已知数列满足对任意的，均有，且，，数列为等差数列，且满足，．（1）求，的通项公式；（2）设集合，记为集合中的元素个数．①设，求的前项和；②求证：，．【答案】（1），B PQ 2AMN BPQ S S =△△()221211122234k k +=⨯+k =∆0∆>{}n a *N n ∈212n n n a a a ++=12a =24a ={}n b 11b =2105b b a +={}n a {}n b {}*1N n n k n A k a b a +=∈<≤n c n A ()2n n n p b c =+{}n p 2n 2n P *N n ∀∈122121111176n n c c c c -++++< 2n n a =32n b n =-（2）①；②证明过程见解析【解析】【分析】（1）根据等比中项的性质，结合等差数列的通项公式、等比数列的通项公式进行求解即可；（2）①根据不等式的解集特征，结合累和法、等比数列的前项和公式分类讨论求出的表达式，最后根据错位相减法进行求解即可；②运用放缩法，结合等比数列前项和公式进行运算证明即可.【小问1详解】因为数列满足对任意的，均有，所以数列是等比数列，又因为，，所以等比数列的公比为，因此；设等差数列的公差为，由；【小问2详解】因为，，所以由，因此有，即有，，当时，有于是有当为大于2的奇数时，()2122122n n P n n +=-⋅+-12322,n n k k +*<-≤∈N n n c n {}n a *N n ∈212n n n a a a ++={}n a 12a =24a ={}n a 212a a =1222n n n a -=⨯={}n b d ()210511932313132n b d d d b b n n a ⇒+++=⇒=⇒=+-=+-=2n n a =32n b n =-11,2322,nn n k n a b a k k k *+*+<≤∈⇒<-≤∈N N {}{}{}{}{}123452,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,,22A A A A A ===== {}623,24,,43,A =1234561,1,3,5,11,21,c c c c c c ======234512233445562,42,82,162,322,c c c c c c c c c c +=+==+==+==+== 12,n n n c c ++= 2,N n n *≥∈112,n n n c c --+=1112,n n n c c -+--=n ()()()243122431122221n n n n n n n c c c c c c c c -----=-+-+-+=+++++，显然也适合，当为大于2的偶数时，，显然也适合.①，，，设，则有，两式相减，得，，；②设，显然，，当时，有，因此，12214211143n n -⎛⎫- ⎪+⎝⎭=+=-11c =n ()()()244222442222221n n n n n n n c c c c c c c c -----=-+-++-+=+++++ 122214211143nn ⎛⎫- ⎪-⎝⎭=+=-21c =()()()21,21,N 221,2,Nn n n n n n n k k p b c n n k k **⎧+=-∈⎪=+=⎨-=∈⎪⎩()()212342121321242n n n n n P P P P P P P P P P P P P --=++++++=+++++++ ()()132124212132321221222424222n nn n n n -⎡⎤⎡⎤=⨯++⨯+++-⋅+-+⨯-+⨯-++⋅-⎣⎦⎣⎦()()()123212122232212221234212n n n n n n -⎡⎤=⨯+⨯+⨯++-⋅+⋅+-+-+--⎣⎦ ()()12321212223221222n n S n n -=⨯+⨯+⨯++-⋅+⋅ ()()234221212223221222nn S n n +=⨯+⨯+⨯++-⋅+⋅ 123212212222222n n n S n -+-=+++++-⋅ ()()2212121222212212n n n S n S n ++-⇒-=-⋅⇒=-⋅+-()2122122n n P n n +=-⋅+-()()11321k k k k c *+=∈+-N ()11332121k k k k c +=≤-+-()4213224k k k --⨯=-4,N k k *≥∈()()344213224042132212kk kkkk k--⨯=->⇒->⨯⇒<-()1133421221k k k k k c +=≤<-+-所以当时，，即，显然当时，有成立.【点睛】关键点点睛：本题的关键由可以确定从第几项开始放缩，根据数列的通项公式的形式，得到，这样可以进行放缩证明.20. 已知函数．（1）讨论的单调区间；（2）已知，设的两个极值点为，且存在，使得的图象与有三个公共点；①求证：；②求证：．【答案】（1）答案见解析 （2）证明见解析【解析】【分析】（1）首先求函数的导数，再讨论，结合函数的定义域，即可求函数的单调区间；（2）①要证，即证，只需证，构造函数，，借助导数即可得证；②同①中证法，先证，则可得，利用、是方程的两根所得韦达定理，结合即可得证.【小问1详解】，，N k *∈4512321111111111143222k k k c c c c c -⎛⎫+++++<++++++ ⎪⎝⎭ 43123211111111122114312k k k c c c c c --⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭⇒+++++<+++⨯- 312321111171171171322326k k k c c c c c --⎛⎫+++++<+-<+= ⎪⎝⎭ 2k n =122121111176n n c c c c -++++< 171111632=+++()1133421221k k k k k c +=≤<-+-2()24ln f x x ax x =-+()f x [4,6]a ∈()f x ()1212,λλλλ<b ∈R ()y f x =y b =()123123,,x x x x x x <<1212x x λ+>31x x -<∆1212x x λ+>2112x x λ>-()()1112f x f x λ<-()()()12x g x f x f λ=--()10,x λ∈2232x x λ+<()()2312123122x x x x x x λλ=++<---1λ2λ220x ax -+=[4,6]a ∈()()222422x ax f x x a x x-+'=-+=0x >其中，，当时，即，此时恒成立，函数在区间单调递增，当时，即或当时，在区间上恒成立，即函数在区间上单调递增，当，得或当时，，时，，所以函数的单调递增区间是和，单调递减区间是，综上可知，当的单调递增区间是；当的单调递增区间是和，单调递减区间是；【小问2详解】①由（1）知，当时，函数的单调递增区间是和，单调递减区间是，、是方程的两根，有，，又的图象与有三个公共点，故，则，()22tx x ax =-+28a ∆=-0∆≤a -≤≤()0f x '≥()f x ()0,∞+0∆>a <-a >a <-()0f x ¢>()0,∞+()f x ()0,∞+a >()0t x =1x =1x =0x <<x >()0f x ¢>x <<()0f x '<()f x ⎛ ⎝⎫+∞⎪⎪⎭a ≤()f x ()0,∞+a >()f x ⎛ ⎝⎫+∞⎪⎪⎭[4,6]a ∈()f x ()10,λ()2,λ+∞()12,λλ1λ2λ220x ax -+=122λλ=12a λλ+=()y f x =y b =()123123,,x x x x x x <<112230x x x λλ<<<<<1112x λλ->要证，即证，又，且函数在上单调递减，即可证，又，即可证，令，，由，则恒成立，故在上单调递增，即，即恒成立，即得证；②由，则，令，，则，故在上单调递增，即，1212x x λ+>2112x x λ>-1112x λλ->()f x ()12,λλ()()1122f x f x λ<-()()12f x f x b ==()()1112f x f x λ<-()()()12x g x f x f λ=--()10,x λ∈()()()()212222422x ax x x f x x a x x xλλ-+--'=-+==()()()()()112211122222x x xx x g x x λλλλλλλ------'=+-()()()()()1221112222x x x x x x x λλλλλλ+--+-=-⋅-()()222211*********x x x x x x xx x λλλλλλλλ-+++--+=-⋅-()()()()()12221111222420x x x x x x x λλλλλλλ--=-⋅=>--()g x '()10,λ()()()()111102g x g f f λλλλ<=--=()()1112f x f x λ<-112230x x x λλ<<<<<2322x λλ-<()()()22x h x f x f λ=--()2,x λ∈+∞()()()()()122221222222x x xx x h x x λλλλλλλ------'=+-()()()()()2112222222x x x x x x x λλλλλλ+--+-=-⋅-()()221122212222222x x x x x x xx x λλλλλλλλ-+++--+=-⋅-()()()()()22112222222420x x x x x x x λλλλλλλ--=-⋅=>--()h x '()2,λ+∞()()()()222202h x h ff λλλλ>=--=即当时，，由，故，又，故，由，，函数在上单调递减，故，即，又由①知，故，又，故.【点睛】关键点点睛：最后一问关键点在于先证，从而借助①中所得，得到.()2,x λ∈+∞()()22x f x f λ>-32x λ>()()3232f x f x λ>-()()32f x f x =()()3222f x f x λ>-2322x λλ-<122x λλ<<()f x ()12,λλ2322x x λ<-2232x x λ+<1212x x λ+>()()2312123122x x x x x x λλ=++<---2122λλ-==≤=31x x -<2232x x λ+<1212x x λ+>()()2312123122x x x x x x λλ=++<---。

天津市第一中学2023-2024学年高三第四次月考英语试卷学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、单项选择1．—Have you heard the news that Mrs Smith will be appointed as our head?— _______. She is just an assistant.A．You said it B．By all means C．You don’t say D．You bet2．-You look sleepy today.- ______ not to miss the flight, I didn’t dare to close my eyes the whole night.A．Having reminded B．Reminded C．Being remindedD．To be reminded3．Some people think that watching violence on TV is one of the major causes of ______ behavior and crime in society.A．abstract B．ridiculous C．aggressive D．visual4．It is said that body language ________ 55 per cent of a first impression while what you say just 7 percent.A．lies in B．accounts forC．consists of D．goes with5．The magician picked several persons ______ from the audience and asked them to help with his performance.A．at random B．on the whole C．on average D．in general 6．Each means ______to solve the problem, but none is effective.A．have been tried out B．were tried out C．is tried outD．has been tried out7．I advise you to stay away from Mary. Although she is usually easy-going, she ______be quite annoying sometimes.A．can B．need C．must D．should 8．These MBAs are undeniably expensive and ______ pose the question as to how much value and payback they can provide.A．essentially B．absolutely C．consistently D．consequently 9．—Will you take over at the next service area? I want a short rest.—Sure. You ______ for over four hours by then.A．have driven B．have been drivingC．will be driving D．will have been driving10．In schools, it is required that no parent should ______to classrooms during class time.A．have possession B．have connection C．have accessD．have contact11．Don’t let such an unimportant matter as this come between us _____ we can concentrate on the major issue.A．so that B．in caseC．because D．on condition that12．When you visit Beijing, you can go to theaters and teahouses ________ you can experience a truly Chinese way of life.A．that B．which C．where D．when 13．— I’ve been eating a healthy diet for a year.— Oh, great! ______.A．Same to you B．Keep it up C．Cheer up D．Good luck 14．Dr. Hart says ______ he really admires is the way ______ she has acknowledged good health not only makes her more beautiful, but happier too.A．which, that B．that, what C．what, that D．that, which 15．If you see things in a negative light, you will find faults and problems where there are really ______.A．nothing B．some C．many D．none二、完形填空After a whole week of rain we finally had a comfortable, beautiful summer day outside. My family and I were driving to a nearby town when my daughter 16 a yard sale. Then, a few miles down the road, we saw another, and another, and another, We saw tables full of knickknacks. We saw plates, glasses, and silverware. 17 , we saw lots of smiling people talking, laughing, sitting, and standing in the sunshine.Seeing all of this brought back 18 of my childhood. Most of the clothes in my closet back then came from 19 . My mom was a talented yard sale-shopper. When I was little, she would drag me along with her. I used to 20 going to them, until one special day when I saw that they also sold old 21 . After that, I always browsedthrough the books until it was time to 22 . Sometimes mom would 23 me one too. Soon, a large part of my home library came from yard sale books. For me, these books were more 24 than their first editions.Why do we have yard sales? It certainly isn’t for the 25 . For all the time and 26 people put into them, they would hardly make minimum wage from the sales. I think, rather, it is yard sales that 27 us together. We 28 our old things and we buy “new” old things. We talk and 29 old friends and new neighbors. We get a 30 to give and share. We 31 through kindness and love among all the old stuff. It’s all about 32 , both in goods and between people.I think yard sales teach us something about 33 too. We can’t really34 anything here, after all; all we get is 35 possession of our stuff, then it comes time for us to let it go and pass it on.16．A．announced B．spotted C．prepared D．recalled 17．A．Even so B．In short C．At least D．Above all 18．A．problems B．memories C．realities D．dreams 19．A．markets B．neighbors C．yard sales D．shopping malls 20．A．imagine B．enjoy C．practice D．hate 21．A．books B．paintings C．plates D．toys 22．A．go B．start C．work D．register 23．A．award B．write C．buy D．lend 24．A．popular B．useful C．different D．priceless 25．A．fun B．money C．relaxation D．responsibility 26．A．love B．resource C．fund D．effort 27．A．mix B．bring C．guide D．inspire 28．A．get rid of B．put away C．go through D．make use of 29．A．pass by B．look for C．catch up with D．face up to 30．A．tradition B．goal C．chance D．job 31．A．extend B．connect C．learn D．compete 32．A．communication B．information C．deliveryD．exchange33．A．life B．ethics C．economy D．society34．A．purchase B．explore C．own D．trust 35．A．temporary B．legal C．normal D．full三、阅读理解With the rapid development of computer science, the Internet is changing quickly out of our expectations. In the past, we just had the Internet while now we have the Internet of Things (IoT), which aims to get everything and everyone talking. Attaching sensors to “things”, such as cows, cars and refrigerators, and then assigning them unique IP addresses allow them to “talk” to the Internet. Of course, the IoT will involve much more than a handful of sensors. Networking company Cisco estimates that 50 billion Internet-connected devices and objects will be sending over data by 2020.36．How do researchers get everything and everyone talking?A．By establishing the IoT and launching a handful of sensors.B．By sending people to track them day and night and collect useful data.C．By communicating with them all the time through the IoT.D．By connecting sensors with them and appointing them unique IP addresses. 37．According to the passage, which of the following is NOT TRUE?A．IoT can help people do preventive maintenance and save money.B．IoT can help people monitor energy usage and observe price changes timely.C．IoT can help people adjust their habits and use electrical appliances more wisely.D．IoT can help people investigate things and update a lot of important data. 38．Besides its probably ending up being a fashion, what else do critics worry about the IoT?A．People will lose interest in it as quckly as the thrill over last year’s smartphone.B．Whether related companies will provide long-term software updates or not.C．Refrigerators and washing machines will be replaced by other devices in a few years.D．The software provided by companies will be outdated easily and quickly. 39．According to the passage, when owners of the Tesla Model S electric car received a recall notice, they ___.A．just waited in the car while the maintenance is being done through wireless update B．were required to go to the nearest 4S store to make some adjustments or repairsC．could definitely depend on the IoT to send them the charger plug to be fixedD．had to confirm the update with the help of the equipment provided by the company 40．What would be the best title for the passage?A．Craze is disappearing!B．It’s time to change!C．It’s all connected!D．The Internet is coming!It was a cold May morning when I received an intriguing (有趣的) email from an old high school friend inviting me to join a 10-day all-girls surf trip. I knew I had to say yes.The trip seemed simple enough. Ten women aged 30 to 45, all complete strangers, gathered on the coast of Portugal to try something new: surfing in the Atlantic Ocean.I have always loved traveling, so I eagerly sent an email to my boss seeking permissionfrom him to make the once-in-a-life trip.If there’s one thing I’ve learned over my past 33 years, it’s that adults typically spend their days mastering the things they’ve done before. It seems like we pride ourselves on becoming experts in whatever field we’ve fallen into, knowing more and more about less and less.Now, in theory, this is a great strategy, as it allows you to become really, really good at one particular thing, but it also kind of ends up leaving some skills lacking.I met my new surfing companions on the grass of the hotel lawn in a small surf town called Ericeira. Despite our different personalities and backgrounds, we were all united in a relentless desire to challenge ourselves, learn, tackle and grow.The shores at Ericeira, where the beginners learn to surf, are shallow and covered with slippery rocks. They make for softer waves but are difficult to navigate.Guided by our amazing coaches, together, we faced the waves. Sometimes, it poured with rain, and the waves crashed around us, but we were still out there. And with every slip and fall, words of encouragement filled the air.Honestly, I probably spent most of my days frozen to the bone, but that didn’t matter because a new level of genuine joy and personal achievement had been unlocked. Learning a new skill taught me the humility that can come from doing badly at something new, and the pride that develops when you finally manage to grasp something you’ve been working on.While surfing might not be my calling, trying it out inspired me to take more risks in life, to step outside of my comfort zone and to never stop believing in myself. You never know what you’re capable of if you don’t go out there and try.41．What motivated the author to join the surf trip to Portugal?A．Her love for surfing and improving existing skills.B．Her desire to reconnect with a high school friend and make new friends.C．Her passion for embracing challenges and exploring new places.D．The chance to take a break in Portugal from work.42．What is the author’s view on adults focusing on mastering one field?A．It blocks creativity and exploration.B．It is essential for career success.C．It disturbs one’s work-life balance.D．It narrows one’s abilities.43．Which of the following words best describe the author’s surfing experience?A．Tough but rewarding.B．Relaxing but unpredictable.C．Difficult but interesting.D．Tiring but meaningful.44．What can be inferred about the author?A．She discovered her true calling atter the trip.B．She used to lack confidence in herself.C．She became more willing to challenge herself.D．She went on to become an expert surfer.45．What wisdom did the author gain from the experience with surfing?A．The need to seek professional training in all new skills.B．The value of pushing your limits and running the risk of something unpleasant.C．The benefit of exploring new places with unknown companions.D．The importance of being an expert in on field.The Internet has completely changed the workplace over the past three decades. Artificial Intelligence is now all set to do the same, and businesses that don’t take advantage of the technology risk being left behind.Global tech giants like Amazon have been leading the change, and businesses of all sizes are now using the technology for employing and managing their staff.Among them is L’Oreal. With about a million applicants for roughly 15,000 new positions each year, the company is using AI to hire.“We really wanted to save time and focus more on quality, diversity and candidate experience. And AI solutions were the best way to go faster on these challenges,” said Eva Azoulay, global vice-president of L’Oreal’s Human Resources Department.The company uses Mya, a chatbot, to save employers’ time during the first stage of the process. It handles routine questions from candidates, and checks details such as availability and visa requirements. Should candidates make it to the next round, they’ll run into Seedlink, an AI software that scores applicants based on their answers to open-ended interview questions. These scores don’t replace human judgment, said Azoulay, but they do exclude candidates who might not seem like obvious choices.Early results have been promising. For one internship program, where 12,000 people apply for about 80 spots, employers claim they saved 200 hours of time while hiring the most diverse group to date.Other businesses have gone beyond employment and are using AI to help manageemployees. Some UK firms have started using Isaak, a system designed by the London-based company StatusToday, to track how many hours staff spend online and the number of emails they receive. London real estate agent JBrown has been using this system since March. CEO James Brown said it helps the firm understand employees’ habits and prevent them from overworking. “It enables us to solve bottleneck problems and relieve overburdened employees,” he said.Despite these examples of good practice, there is still a long way for AI to reach its full potential, and the technology comes with risks. Another AI danger could be its impact on jobs through automation.McKinsey predicts AI could add $13 trillion to the global economy by 2030, with early adopters doubling their cash flow over that period. But the demand for repetitive (重复的) or digitally-unskilled jobs could drop by around 10%, the consulting firm said in a 2018 report. 46．What can we learn about AI technology from Paragraph 1?A．It causes a great problem in workplace.B．It will become a necessary part of business.C．It requires businesses to invest much money.D．It will replace the Internet in the future.47．L’Oreal uses AI in its hiring process to _____.A．pick out the most suitable candidates directlyB．come up with more questions unlimitedlyC．improve the company’s hiring efficiencyD．save money by replacing human judgment48．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “exclude” in the 5th paragraph?A．Prepare.B．Consider.C．Remove.D．Include. 49．Firms with the system Isaak can _____.A．prevent their employees from surfing the InternetB．force their employees to form good working habitsC．monitor the contents of all their employees’ emailsD．help their employees avoid being overstressed at work50．What is the main idea of the passage?A．What AI will bring to the workplace.B．Why AI could be good for the workplace.C．How businesses can prepare for an AI future.D．How to use AI to improve workplace efficiency.Culture can affect not just language and customs, but also how people experience the world on surprisingly basic levels.Researchers, with the help of brain scans, have uncovered shocking differences in perception (感知) between Westerners and Asians, what they see when they look at a city street, for example, or even how they perceive a simple line in a square, according to findings published in a leading science journal.In western countries, culture makes people think of themselves as highly independent individuals. When looking at scenes, Westerners tend to focus more on central objects than on their surroundings. East Asian cultures, however, emphasize inter-dependence. When Easterners look at a scene, they tend to focus on surroundings as well as the object.Using an experiment involving two tasks, Dr Hedden asked subjects to look at a line simply to estimate its length, a task that is played to American strengths. In another, they estimated the line’s length relative to the size of a square, an easier task for the Asians. The level of brain activity, by tracking blood flow, was then measured by Brain Scanners. The experiment found that although there was no difference in performance, and the tasks were very easy, the levels of activity in the subjects’ brains were different. For the Americans, areas linked to attention lit up more, when they worked on the task they tended to find more difficult — estimating the line’s length relative to the square. For the Asians, the attention areas lit up more during the harder task also — estimating the line’s length without comparing it to the square. The findings are a reflection of more than ten years of previous experimental research into east-west differences.In one study, for instance, researchers offered people a choice among five pens; four red and one green. Easterners were more likely to choose a red pen while Westerners were more likely’ to choose the green one.Culture is not affecting how you see the world, but how you choose to understand and internalize it. But such habits can be changed. Some psychological studies suggest that when an Easterner goes to the West or vice versa, habits of thought and perception also begin to change. Such research gives us clues on how our brain works and is hopeful for us to develop programs to improve our memory, memory techniques and enhance and accelerate ourlearning skills.51．According to the passage, Chinese people are most likely to ___.A．more emphasize independent thinkingB．always focus more on their surroundingsC．think of Westerners as highly independent individualsD．focus more on the context as well as the object52．We know from the passage that people’s brains will be more active when ___.A．the task is much easier B．the blood flow is trackedC．the task is more difficult D．people begin to choose colors 53．What do the findings of the experiment mentioned in the 4th paragraph indicate?A．They indicate that culture has a great impact on the way people talk and behave.B．They show that Easterners and Westerners have great differences in perceiving the world.C．They suggest that people’s habits of thought and-perception can be changed indifferent cultures.D．They make it clear that Easterners and Westerners lay emphasis on different things. 54．It can be inferred from the passage that ____.A．Easterners prefer collectivism to individualismB．East Asian cultures lay more emphasis on independenceC．It took over ten years to find out how to improve our brainpowerD．Americans will change their habits of perception when they’re in Britain 55．Which of the following will be the best title of the passage?A．Chinese culture: why it has an advantage over Western culture?B．Western culture and Chinese culture: which will be more suitable for us?C．Western culture and Chinese culture: why we should learn from both?D．Western culture vs. Chinese culture阅读短文, 按照题目要求用英语回答问题。

天津市第一中学2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期中试题本试卷分为第I 卷（选择题）、第 II 卷（非选择题）两部分，共 100 分，考试用时90 分钟。

第I 卷 1 至 5 页，第 II 卷 6 页。

考生务必将答案涂写规定的位置上，答在试卷上的无效。

祝各位考生考试顺当!I 卷 (满分 70 分)I.听力理解（共 20 小题，每小题 0.5 分，满分 10 分）第一节听下面 5 段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A,B,C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1.What will the man go to London to do?A. Attend a meeting.B. Go sightseeing.C. Visit someone.2.What’s wrong with the man’s alarm clock?A. It doesn’t work well.B. It tells wrong time.C. It rings all the time.3.What’s the man’s nationality?A. Canadian.B. British.C. American.4.What’s the weather going to be like tomorrow?A. Cloudy.B. Rainy.C. Sunny.5.What is the man going to do first after school today?A. Play basketball.B. Study at the library.C. Go home.其次节听下面 5 段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A,B,C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第 6 段材料，回答第 6~7 题。

6.What can we know about Peter?A.He has just got married.B.He met his girlfriend unexpectedly.C.He has returned home from abroad.7.What will the man go to Pairs for?A. Business.B. Sightseeing.C. Honeymoon. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8~10 题。