名 主 定 谓 宾 状 and certificates. (数词作主语) 一、名词作主语 从实用的角度看,名词可分为:1)不可数名词;2)可数名词。 1) 不可数名词作主语 不可数名词,分为物质名词和抽象名词,只有单数,没有复数,与其连用的谓语动词均 为单数。不可数名词除特指、有限定性定语修饰的前面用定冠词 the 外,其余都为零冠词。 ○ The desire for power always goes parallel with the desire for fame. (有介词限定) 主 定 状 谓 宾 定 2)可数名词 可数名词作主语分:A.单数;B.复数 A. 单数 ① 单数名词前注意加冠词 a 或 an,谓语为单数,如: ○ A job interview is an effective way for the interviewer to know about the applicant. 状从 主 定状 谓 宾从 reliable than luck. However adverse the circumstance (may be) 连表 主 系 action is more reliable than luck (is reliable) 主系 表 状从 (名词化的形容词作主语) ○ Each year thousands of graduates flood the job market,waving their college diplomas A. 物质名词 ○ Tea originated in ancient China and has spread all over the world. 主 谓1 状 谓2 状 ○ Fast food becomes so popular nowadays not only because of the food itself but also ○ Pessimists say that the human is facing extinction 主 谓 宾从 the human is facing extinction 主 谓 宾 (名词作主语) ○ Now, keeping pets is more and more prevalent in many developed countries. 状 主谓 状 宾从 increasing in China. the average family income has been increasing in China 主 谓 状 ○ The company has made notable gains in productivity. 主 谓 宾 定 Ⅱ.类指的,如: ○ Today the pen is more highly esteemed than (the pen was )ever (esteemed). 连 主1 谓 状 状 ○ To commit suicide is a cowardly behavior. (动词不定式短语作主语) 主 系 表 ○ It is impossible for most learners to learn English abroad. 形主 系 表 真主 (不定式短语为真正主语,it 为形式主语) 英语语法 串讲与练习 第一节 主 语 说起主语,大家似乎很熟悉,实际上,主语是很复杂的,请同学们思考一下:什么词可 以充当句子的主语?可以充当英语句子主语的成分有:一、名词; 二、名词化的形容词; 三、 代词; 四、数词; 五、动词不定式; 六、动名词; 七、名词化的现在分词、过去分词; 八、短语;九、句子。如: 状 主 谓 状从 (the pen 不是指“这支笔”,而是指“笔类”) ○ The teenager often expresses his passions with dramatic exaggeration and is soon 主 状谓 宾 状 连系 状 disappointed. 表 (the teenager 指“年轻人”) ○ That haste makes waste is a proverb full of logic. The haste makes waste 主从 系表 定 主 谓宾 (句子作主语) ○ However adverse the circumstance, the strong in life firmly believes action is more Ⅲ.有限定性修饰语 有限定性修饰语的名词前要加 the,限定性修饰语多半为介词短语,如: ○ The rapid destruction of the tropical rain forests on earth has led to vast-scale habitat 主 谓 宾 状 原因状语 the services they provide. B. 抽象名词 ○ Failure is a common thing in our daily life. 主 系 表 状 ○ Friendship is the basic need of human feelings. 主系 表 定 注意:当抽象名词有限定性定语修饰时前面需要加定冠词 the。如: 状 主 系 表 状 (名词作主语) ○ When a light passenger plane flew off courseFra Baidu biblioteksome time ago, it crashed 状从 主谓 mountains and its pilot was killed. (代词作主语) 连主 谓 in the 状 When a light passenger plane flew off course some time ago 主 系 表 定 ○ A leader can earn support from masses only by his integrity and strength. 主 谓 宾 定 状 ② 特指的、类指的、有限定性定语的名词前要加定冠词 the。 Ⅰ.特指的,如: ○ According to the table, we can see clearly the average family income has been