Cloning and Sequence Analysis of Prophenoloxidase from Haemocytes of the Red Swamp Crayfish, Pro
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山西农业科学2020,48(5):677-682雨生红球藻植物类型隐花色素基因克隆与序列分析杭伟,张宏江,马浩天,王晓丹,许文鑫,赵春超,李润植,崔红利(山西农业大学分子农业与生物能源研究所,山西太谷030801)摘要:为了从雨生红球藻中获得感知蓝光信号的植物类型隐花色素(CRY )序列,采用同源克隆和RACE 相结合的方法获得了雨生红球藻编码植物类型Hae-P-CRY 的cDNA 全长,并对其序列进行生物信息学分析。
结果表明,Hae-P-CRY 基因的cDNA 全长为3608bp ,包含开放阅读框全长2988bp ,编码995个氨基酸,预测等电点6.19,理论分子质量为107.7ku 。
经Blast P 分析发现,Hae-P-CRY 氨基酸序列与莱茵衣藻来源植物类型CreCRY 氨基酸序列的相似性达到66.6%,与拟南芥CRY 氨基酸序列相似性为46.94%。
系统进化分析表明,Hae-P-CRY 与其他真核绿藻来源的植物型CRY 聚在一支,属于植物类型CRY 。
结构域分析表明,Hae-P-CRY 基因含有光感知PHR 结构域和信号转导CCT 结构域,暗示具有感知和转导光信号功能。
试验从雨生红球藻得到植物类型Hae-P-CRY 基因序列,可为其表达、功能及互作蛋白研究奠定基础,同时为进一步解析雨生红球藻在蓝光响应中的分子机制奠定基础。
关键词:雨生红球藻;隐花色素;基因克隆;生物信息学分析中图分类号:S917.3文献标识码:A文章编号:1002-2481(2020)05-0677-06Cloning and Sequence Analysis of Plant Type CryptochromeGene fromHANG Wei ,ZHANG Hongjiang ,MA Haotian ,WANG Xiaodan ,XU Wenxin ,ZHAO Chunchao ,LI Runzhi ,CUI Hongli(Institute of Molecular Agriculture and Bioenergy ,Shanxi Agricultural University ,Taigu 030801,China )Abstract :In this article,a full-length complementary DNA (cDNA )sequence of plant type CRY (designated Hae-P-CRY )was cloned from the green alga Haematococcus pluvialis .The homology cloning and rapid-amplification of cDNA ends (RACEs )methods were applied to get the sequence of Hae-P-CRY .The result showed that the cDNA sequence length of Hae-P-CRY gene was 3608bp,which contained 2988bp open reading frame,294bp 5′-untranslated region (UTR ),and 198bp 3′-UTR with the characteristic of the poly (A )tail.The deduced protein (995amino acids )had a calculated molecular mass of 107.7ku with an estimated isoelectric point (pI )of 6.19.According to Blast P analysis,the similarity between Hae-P-CRY amino acid sequence and CreCRY amino acid sequence of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii was 66.6%,and that between Hae-P-CRY and CRY amino acid sequence of Arabidopsis was 46.94%.Phylogenetic analysis showed that Hae-P-CRY was a plant type CRY,which was clustered together with other eukaryotic green algae derived CRY.The results of domain analysis showed that Hae-P-CRY gene contained light sensing PHR domain and signal transduction CCT domain,suggesting that Hae-P-CRY gene had the function of sensing and transmitting light signals.The gene sequence of Hae-P-CRY from Haematococcus pluvialis can lay a foundation for the study of its expression,function and interaction protein,as well as for the further analysis of the molecular mechanism of Haematococcus pluvialis in blue-light response.Key words :Haematococcus pluvialis ;cryptochrome;gene cloning;bioinformatics analysis收稿日期:2020-01-06基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(31902394);山西省应用基础研究项目(201801D22125);辽宁省科学技术计划项目(20170540047);山西省煤基重大科技专项(FT-2014-01);山西省重点研发重点项目(201603D312005);山西农业大学科技创新基金项目(2018YJ16);山西省研究生教育创新项目(2019SY226)作者简介:杭伟(1991-),男,山西应县人,在读硕士,研究方向:基因工程与分子遗传。
分子生物学部分名词解释(Molecular biology)Hypochromic effectBiochemochromic effect, in biochemistry, refers to the reduction of 260nm uv absorption in the form of a double helical structure in the form of denaturation DNA, a phenomenon called hypochromic effect.Hyperchromic effectDefinition 1: nucleic acid (DNA and RNA) molecular degenerative or broken chain, and its uv absorption value (generally measured at 260nm) increases. Applied subjects: biochemistry and molecular biology (first class); Nucleic acid and gene (secondary discipline) definition 2: the effect or property of the uv absorption value increased by the DNA or RNA in the solution in the treatment of heat and alkali. Applied discipline: genetics (first-level discipline); Molecular geneticsHalf-discontinuous replicationDefinition 1: when DNA replicates, a chain (leading chain) is continuously synthesized while the other chain (after chain) is discontinuous. Applied subjects: biochemistry and molecular biology (first class); Nucleic acids and genes (secondary disciplines) 2: double stranded DNA synthesis 5 'to 3' end is continuous synthesis, and 3 'to 5' end is discontinuous synthesis. Applied discipline: genetics (first-level discipline); Molecular genetics (secondary disciplines)Semiconservative replicationA replication model of double chain deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), in which each single strand is used as a template for the new chain synthesis after the parental double chain separation. Therefore, when the replicates are completed, there will be two subgenerations of DNA molecules, each of which has the same nucleotide sequence as the parental moleculeA leading chainLeading strand: consistent with the direction of the replication fork movement, a new strand of DNA synthesized by successive 5-3 - - 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -After with chainIn the process of DNA replication, a template chain is 3 'to 5', and the DNA can be synthesized in 5 'to 3' to become the leading chain. Another template strand, is 5 'to 3' direction, on which the synthesis of from 5 'to 3' direction, but is the opposite of the direction of the replication forks mobile, therefore with the moving of the replication forks, to form a number of discrete pieces. The fragments are then linked together into a complete strand of DNA. The chain is called a post-it chainReplication forksIn DNA replication, the y-font structure formed by thecombination of unsoling, dissolving, and SSB proteins in the DNA strand is called a replication fork. In the replication fork, the double stranded DNA of the template is disintegrated and the new strand of DNA is synthesized.Silent mutationsThe same meaning mutation, the mutation replaces the base, but the amino acid sequence has not changed, keeping the function of the wild type.DNA damageDNA damage is a permanent change in the DNA nucleotide sequence that occurs during the replication process and results in changes in the genetic characteristics. To replace (insert) the insertion of (insert) exon (exon)Frameshift mutationsIn the normal DNA molecule, the base deletion or increase of the non-3 diploid number, resulting in a series of coding changes that occurred after this location, the phenomenon called shift code mutationMissense mutationIt is the code that codes for some kind of amino acid that is replaced by the base and becomes the codon of another amino acid, which changes the amino acid variety and sequence of the polypeptide chaintranscriptionThe process of transferring genetic information from genes to RNA.RNA polymerase dynamic complex with a series of component composition, and gene sequence as the genetic information template, catalytic synthesis of sequence complementary RNA, including transcription initiation, elongation, termination, etc. The process of synthesis of complementary single stranded RNA molecules by RNA polymerase is a template for DNA base sequences.The PCRPolymerase Chain Reaction (English full name: Polymerase Chain Reaction), Polymerase Chain ReactionPCR. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a specific DNA fragments in vitro enzymatic synthesis of a kind of method, by the high temperature degeneration (compound) and the optimum temperature, low temperature annealing extension of several steps such as a cycle, cycle, makes the purpose of DNA amplification, rapidly with strong specificity, high sensitivity, convenient operation, time saving, etc. It not only can be used for gene isolation, cloning and sequence analysis of nucleic acids such as basic research, also can be used for the diagnosis of disease or any DNA and RNA. Polymerase Chain Reaction (Polymerase Chain Reaction, PCR), also known as cell free molecular cloning or specific sequences of DNAprimers in vitro directional enzymatic amplification techniques.The promoterDNA molecules can be combined with RNA polymerases to form regions of transcriptional initiation complexes. In many cases, the binding site for the regulating protein that facilitates this process is also included. Determine the DNA sequence of the RNA polymerase initiation site.enhancerThe sequent sequence of the gene promoter's work efficiency can be applied in any direction and in any location (upstream or downstream) of the promoter.operonIt refers to the general term for initiating genes, manipulating genes and a series of tightly linked structural genesexonDNA sequences corresponding to mature mRNA, rRNA or tRNA molecules in eukaryotic genes. Is the encoding sequence.intronsThere is no coding meaning in the eukaryotic gene and thesequence is excised. Introns are sequences that block the linear expression of genesDNA cloningApplication of enzymatic method, the various sources of genetic material in vitro, homology or different source, prokaryotic and eukaryotic, natural or artificial DNA combined with carrier DNA into a DNA molecule with self-replicating ability - replicators, then through the conversion or transfection host cells and extract containing the purpose gene into daughter cells, and then extract amplification, get a lot of the same DNA molecule, namely DNA clones.Gene libraryAn organism's genome DNA with restriction enzymes after part of the enzyme, the enzyme fragment inserted into the carrier DNA molecules, all of these into the genome DNA fragments of an aggregate of carrier molecules, will contain the organism's entire genome, which is constituted the organism's DNA library.A single genome DNA fragment cloned collectionDNA denaturationDNA degeneration refers to the hydrogen bond fracture of nucleic acid double helix base pairs, and the double chain becomes single chain, so that the natural conformation and properties of nucleic acid change.The cloneRestriction enzymes, or PCR, are used to obtain parts of the cloned DNA from the cloned DNA, and then clone the technology in other new carriers.attenuatorWhen RNA synthesis terminates, the DNA sequence that terminates the role of the transcriptional signal is terminated.Recombinant DNAA recombination of genetic information that occurs within or between a DNA molecule. Including homologous recombination, specific site recombination and transposition recombination. Recombinant DNA with artificial DNA is a key step in genetic engineering.Satellite DNAThe DNA of a sequence of highly repetitive nucleotide sequences of eukaryotic cells. The total amount of the DNA is more than 10%, mainly in the centromere region of the chromosome, usually not transcribed. Because of the small amount of GC in its base composition, it has different buoyancy density, and its name is given after centrifugation of cesium density gradient and most of its DNA is different from other "satellites"- 10 sequenceAlso called Pribnow box (prokaryote). Corresponding sequencein eukaryotes is located at - 35 bp, known as the TATA box, also known as the Goldberg - Hognessbox, is the combination of RNA polymerase Ⅱ parts.。
动物学报 50(5):791-799,2004A cta Zoologica S i nica 赤点石斑鱼两种芳香化酶cD NA的克隆及其表达的组织特异性3李广丽1,2 刘晓春1 张 勇1 贝锦新1 林浩然1331.中山大学水生经济动物研究所暨广东省水生经济动物良种繁育重点实验室,广州51027522.湛江海洋大学水产学院,广东 湛江524025摘 要 以赤点石斑鱼(Epinephelus akaara)脑垂体中提取的RNA为模板,根据芳香化酶的保守序列设计引物,利用G eneRacer TM技术,克隆出两种芳香化酶即脑芳香化酶(P450aromB)和性腺芳香化酶(P450aromA)的cDNA,其全长分别为1901bp(编码509aa)和1833bp(编码518aa)。
序列分析结果表明,赤点石斑鱼两种芳香化酶cDNA序列的同源性为5116%,氨基酸序列之间同源性为6215%,与斜带石斑鱼两种芳香化酶氨基酸同源性分别为9417%和9719%。
对8个科的10种鱼进行了分子系统进化树分析,结果与根据传统的形态学和生化特征分类进化地位基本一致。
以特异性引物扩增雌、雄赤点石斑鱼各种组织(垂体、嗅球、端脑、下丘脑、中脑、后脑、延脑、心脏、肾脏、肝脏、脾脏、性腺、鳃、胃、肠、皮肤、脂肪、肌肉、头肾、胸腺、鳔),以β2actin作内标比较各组织芳香化酶基因表达量的差异,结果表明,赤点石斑鱼脑芳香化酶(P450aromB)有广泛的组织分布,脑和垂体的表达量很高,各组织表达量有明显的雌、雄差异;而性腺芳香化酶(P450aromA)表达主要集中于垂体和性腺,且不论雌雄,其性腺表达量均高于脑垂体,和P450aromB的表达模式明显不同,表现为在脑部,P450aromB表达量高于P450aromA,而在性腺,P450aromA表达量高于P450aromB,两种芳香化酶在脑垂体和性腺出现重叠表达[动物学报50(5):791-799,2004]。
生工引物合成In the realm of biotechnology, the synthesis of primers is a crucial step in various molecular biology experiments. Primers are short, single-stranded nucleic acid sequences that serve as starting points for DNA replication or amplification processes such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The precision and accuracy of these primers are paramount as they directly influence the outcome of experiments, including gene cloning, sequencing, and expression analysis.在生物技术领域,引物的合成是各种分子生物学实验中的关键步骤。
引物是短的、单链的核酸序列,作为DNA复制或扩增过程(如聚合酶链式反应PCR)的起点。
这些引物的精确性和准确性至关重要,因为它们直接影响实验的结果,包括基因克隆、测序和表达分析等。
The process of primer synthesis involves several stages, from design to purification. Initially, the primer sequence is carefully designed based on the target DNA sequence, taking into account factors like melting temperature, GC content, and specificity. This ensures that the primers can effectively bind to the target sequence and initiate the desired reaction.引物合成的过程包括多个阶段,从设计到纯化。
文章编号:1001-5949(2005)08-0510-03・论 著・细粒棘球蚴延伸因子-1基因的克隆、测序及特性分析3王 健,赵嘉庆,王娅娜,丁淑琴,赵 巍 [摘要] 目的 对细粒棘球蚴(E.granulosus)翻译延伸因子(translation elongation factor)EF-1基因片段进行分子克隆及序列分析。
方法 从细粒棘球蚴原头蚴中提取RNA,采用RT-PCR技术扩增出细粒棘球蚴EF-1基因片段,与p GE M-T载体重组并转化E.C oli JM109,经筛选扩增获得重组基因克隆,再进行序列测定和分析。
结果 成功构建了EF-1/p GE M-T/JM109克隆体系,测序表明该基因开放阅读框为693bp,与已发表基因核苷酸序列相比,同源性为99%,推导编码氨基酸序列同源性为99%。
结论 扩增获得的基因片段可能为细粒棘球蚴(E.granu2losus)翻译延伸因子EF-1基因片段。
[关键词] 棘球蚴病;基因,结构;克隆,分子;序列分析[中图分类号] R532.32 [文献标识码] ACloning and sequence analyzing of the EF-1gene from echinococcus granulosus of m ankind WANG Jian,ZH AO Jia-qing,WANG Ya-na,et al.(Ningxia Med.C oll.,Y inchuan750004,China)Abstract Objective T o obtain and analyze sequence EF-1gene,and lay bases for screening candidate antigen of echinococcus granulosus.Methods T otal RNA was extracted from protoscoles of cysts from humam.The specific primers were designed according to published nucletid sequence in the genbank database.The EF-1gene of echinococcus granulosus was amplified by RT-PCR and cloned into p GE M-T vector for sequencing and analyzing.R esults A cDNA sequence with an open reading frame of693bp has been amplified success fully by RT-PCR.C omparision of the DNA and amino acid sequence deduced from cDNA with the published EF-1gene sequence of echinococcus granulo2 sus in the genbank revealed99%identity samely.Conclusion Because the EF-1play an importante role in energy metabolism of E.granulo2 sus,EF-1gene gained from protoscoles can be used as candidate antigene gene to develope vaccine and its biological functions studying.K ey w ords Echinococcosis;G enes structural;Cloning molecular;Sequencing 细粒棘球蚴病又称包虫病,是世界上许多国家影响人类健康和经济发展的重要人兽共患病之一。
51卷第1期Vol. 51 ,No. 1青海畜牧兽医杂志Chinese Qinghai Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences12/2021试验研究I 牛谷胱甘肽过氧化酶1基因(GPX1)的克隆及系统发育分析李瑞哲,徐惊涛,马志杰,孙永刚,韩银仓,陈生梅(青海大学畜牧兽医科学院,西宁810016)摘 要:本研究克隆了#牛谷胱甘肽过氧化酶1GPX 1基因的CDS 区序列,分析了其核昔酸序列,并进行了系统发育分析。
结果表明,#牛GPX1基因CDS 区全长618 bp,编码205个氨基酸;经与GenBank 中其他物种GPX 1 基因CDS 区比对,#牛GPX 1基因CDS 区与普通牛和瘤牛完全一致,与水牛、绵羊和猪的序列一致性较高,与其他 哺乳动物序列一致性较低。
本研究为深入研究#牛GPX1的生理功能提供了参考资料。
关键词:#牛;谷胱甘肽过氧化酶1;基因克隆;系统发育中图分类号:S823.8 +5 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1003 -7950(2021)01 -0001 -05Cloning and Phylogenetic Analysis ofGlutathione Peroxidases t Gene (GPX1) in YakLI Rui - zhe et al(Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine of Qinghai University , Xining 810016 )Abstract : Glutathione Peroxidasesl , which is the most abundantly expressed enzymes of glutathione peroxida ses family , plays an important role in inactivating peroxides ( hydrogenperoxides , organic hydroperoxides and lipid peroxides et al. ) and sustaining cellular re 一 dox homeostasis. In this study , we cloned the coding sequence region(CDS ) of GPX1 gene in yak , analyzed its nucleotide sequence and constructed phylogenetic treeusing bioinformatic software. The results showed that the CDS of yak GPX1 gene spans 618 bp , which encodes 205 amino acids. The aligning results showed that the CDS of yak GPX1 gene had an identical sequence with cattle and zebu , a high simi larity with water buffalo , sheep and pig , and a lower similarity with other mammals. This study provided basic ref erence data for further investigating the biological role of GPx1 in yak.Key words :Yak ; Glutathione peroxidase1; Gene cloning ; Phylogenetic analysis硒是动物机体必需的微量元素之一,在繁殖、免疫、抗氧化、调节机体代谢等生理功能中具有重要作 用⑷o 硒蛋白是指含有硒半胱氨酸(selenocysteine )残基的一类蛋白质,是硒发挥生物学功能的主要载体[2]o 硒蛋白的特殊之处在于编码硒半胱氨酸的 密码子为UGA ,而在其他蛋白质中UGA 一般作为 终止密码子。
1--生物技术•遗传育种 DOI:10.16498/ki.hnnykx.2018.010.001昆虫的生长和发育主要受保幼激素(Juvenilehormone ,JH )和蜕皮激素(20-hydroxyecdysone ,20E )的系统调控,因此探究这2种激素的代谢调控及信号传导途径是昆虫生长发育研究领域的热点之一[1-2]。
转录因子BR-C (Broad complex )是20E 的初级应答基因之一,最早是在黑腹果蝇(Drosophila melanogaster )中被发现的[3]。
br-c 基因在昆虫变态发育过程中发挥着至关重要的作用,其突变会影响其他20E 初级应答基因及蜕皮相关的20E 次级应答基因的表达[4]。
在果蝇中,br-c 突变使其不能完成幼虫至蛹的转化,而幼虫期br-c 基因表达上调可抑制幼虫表皮基因的表达,而激活蛹表皮基因的表达[5]。
黑腹果蝇、烟草天蛾(Manduca sexta )、赤拟谷盗(T ribolium castaneum )和家蚕(Bombyx mori )中的研究表明,BR-C 的生物学功能是十分保守的,参与调控了胚胎发生、翅分化、神经系统发育、表皮蛋白合成、卵巢干细胞分化以及细胞凋亡等多个发育事件[6-10]。
研究还发现,br-c 基因存在多种剪接形式。
在黑腹果蝇中,br-c 存在z1、z2、z3和z4等4种不同剪接体,家蚕中则仅鉴定出z1、z2和z4这3种异构体形式[11],赤拟谷盗中则多达5种[12]。
不同br-c 剪接体编码蛋白的C 端都含有一个保守的C 2H 2锌指结构域(C 2H 2-ZF ),N 端则含有一个保守的BTB 结构域,参与基因的转录调控,因而属于BTB-ZF 类转录因子家族[13]。
BTB/ZF 蛋白在不同昆虫结构上具有很高的相似性,它们在激活或者抑制靶标基因的表达中发挥着重要的作用,其中BTB 结构域是决定该蛋白与其他蛋白相互作用的最主要功能域[14]。
广东农业科学Guangdong Agricultural Sciences 2024,51(3):124-135 DOI:10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2024.03.012常鑫,蒋智勇,卞志标,徐民生,杨冬霞,杨傲冰,翟少伦. 一株高病毒载量PCV2毒株的基因组特征及[J]. 广东农业科学,2024,51(3):124-135. CHANG Xin, JIANG Zhiyong, BIAN Zhibiao, XU Minsheng, YANG Dongxia, YANG Aobing, ZHAI Shaolun. Genome characterization and sequence analysis of porcine circovirus type 2 isolated with high viral load[J]. Guangdong Agricultural Sciences, 2024,51(3):124-135.一株高病毒载量PCV2毒株的基因组特征及序列分析常 鑫1,2,蒋智勇2,卞志标2,徐民生2,杨冬霞2,杨傲冰3,翟少伦2(1.仲恺农业工程学院动物科技学院,广东 广州 510305;2. 广东省农业科学院动物卫生研究所/广东省畜禽疫病防治研究重点实验室/农业农村部兽用药物与诊断技术广东科学观测实验站,广东 广州 510640;3.广东永顺生物制药股份有限公司,广东 广州 511356)摘 要:【目的】了解广东省某猪群中猪圆环病毒2型(Porcine circovirus type 2,PCV2)流行毒株的遗传进化情况,丰富PCV2分子流行病学数据,为当地PCV2疫苗候选株的选用和研发提供参考。
【方法】使用qPCR方法对疑似PCV2的样品进行检测,发现1株具有高病毒载量的PCV2毒株,命名为GD222858。
通过PCR方法进行全基因组分子克隆及遗传进化分析。
数字pcr技术原理及步骤PCR (polymerase chain reaction) is a widely used biotechnological technique that amplifies a specific DNA sequence. PCR(聚合酶链反应)是一种广泛应用的生物技术手段,用于放大特定的DNA序列。
The technology behind PCR is based on the principle of creating millions of copies of a specific DNA sequence in a short period of time. PCR的技术原理是在短时间内创建数百万份特定DNA序列的复制品。
The first step in PCR involves denaturation, where the double-stranded DNA template is heated to separate the two strands. PCR的第一步是变性,即将双链DNA模板加热以分离两条链。
The next step is annealing, in which the temperature is lowered to allow the primers to bind to the DNA template. 下一步是退火,降低温度以允许引物与DNA模板结合。
Following annealing, extension occurs, where DNA polymerase extends the primers, resulting in the synthesis of new DNA strands.在退火之后,延伸发生,DNA聚合酶延伸引物,导致新DNA链的合成。
PCR can be used for a variety of applications in research, clinical diagnostics, forensics, and more. PCR可以用于研究、临床诊断、法医学等多种应用领域。
西北植物学报,2010,30(3):0437-0446Acta Bot.Boreal.-Occident.Sin.文章编号:1000-4025(2010)03-0437-10*烟草FIE和MSI1基因的克隆及序列分析高 雅,许红亮,李雅轩,胡英考*(首都师范大学生命科学学院,北京100048)摘 要:采用电子克隆与实验克隆结合的方法获得了烟草胚乳发育相关基因N T FI E和N T MS I1的cDN A序列,序列号分别为EU375458和EU375459。
序列分析结果表明,这两个cD NA序列均含有完整的开放读码框,分别编码370和424个氨基酸,含有保守的W D基序。
氨基酸序列比对和系统发育分析结果显示,不同物种之间FI E和M SI1基因编码氨基酸序列同源性都较高。
组织表达分析结果表明,这两个基因均具有一定程度的组织表达特异性,N T FI E cDN A基因在花中的表达量最多,但在根和茎中未检测到表达,而N T M SI1cDN A基因只在离体培养的细胞和根中特异性表达。
关键词:烟草;胚乳发育;基因克隆;电子表达分析中图分类号:Q789文献标识码:AC loning and Sequence Analysis of FIE andMSI1Genes from Nicotiana tabacumGAO Ya,XU H ong-liang,LI Ya-xuan,H U Ying-kao*(College of Life Science,Capital Normal University,Beijing100048,China)Abstract:cDNA sequences of endosperm development related genes,N TFI E and N T MS I1,w ere clo ned by using in silico cloning combined w ith exper im ental RT-PCR from N icotiana tabacum.Sequence analysis show ed that both of the tw o cDNAs have intact open reading frame(ORF),encoding370and424amino acids,respectiv ely.T hey both contain WD-motif.Pro tein multiple-alignment and phylo genetic analysis sug-g ested that am ino acids sequences encoded by the N T FI E and N T MS I1show strong similarity in different species,indicating that these tw o g enes w ere co nser ved in plants.The times of differentiation of N TFI E and N T MS I1are in accord w ith their classical categories.Tissue specific expression analysis w ith U niGene database show ed that,to som e ex tent,these tw o genes have tissue specific expressio n.N TF I E has the hig hest ex pression in flow ers but no t expressed in r oot or stem.N T MS I1,o n the other hand,o nly ex-pressed in cell culture and r oot.Key words:N icotiana tabacum;endosperm development;g ene cloning;in silico expression analysis胚乳的发育是植物种子发育的重要环节[1],它不仅为胚的发生提供信号来源,还为幼胚发育提供必需的营养物质。
ISS N 100727626C N 1123870ΠQ中国生物化学与分子生物学报Chinese Journal of Biochemistry and M olecular Biology2003年8月19(4):445~450家蝇卵黄蛋白基因的克隆与结构序列分析夏平安1,2), 刘维全3)3, 江 禹1), 王本旭1), 刘海鹏1), 牛建强1), 殷 震1)(1)解放军军需大学军事兽医研究所,长春 130062;2)郑州牧业工程高等专科学校,郑州 450008;3)中国农业大学生物学院,北京 100094)摘要 家蝇卵黄蛋白基因编码的卵黄蛋白是家蝇胚胎发育的重要营养来源.根据3种家蝇卵黄蛋白cDNA 保守序列设计引物,用PCR 技术从家蝇基因组DNA 中扩增到大小为768bp 的mdY P1基因的部分DNA 片段.经地高辛标记成特异性探针,从构建的家蝇基因组文库中筛选出一个阳性克隆,并从该克隆中分离到大小为3991bp 的mdY P1基因组基因.序列分析显示,该基因组序列含有约116kb 的5′2上游区和110kb 的3′2下游区,编码区由一个61bp 的内含子和大小分别为222bp 和1028bp 的2个外显子组成.5′2上游区含有典型的C AAT ΠT AT A 盒.关键词 家蝇,卵黄蛋白基因,克隆,基因组文库,序列分析中图分类号 Q969145318,Q78Cloning and Sequence Analysis of Musca domestica Yolk Protein G eneXI A Ping 2an1,2),LI U Wei 2quan3)3,J I ANG Y u 1),W ANG Ben 2xu 1),LI U Hai 2peng 1),NI U Jian 2qiang 1),YI N Zhen1)(1)Military Veterinary Institute ,Quartermaster University o f P LA ,Changchun 130062,China ;2)Zhengzhou Animal and Veterinary College ,Zhengzhou 450008,China ;3)College o f Biology ,Agricultural University o f China ,Beijing 100094,China )Abstract Musca domestica y olk protein (mdyp )genes encode the major nutritional polypeptides deposited in developing oocytes for subsequent utilization during embry ogenesis.About a 410kb genomic gene encoding Musca domestica y olk protein 1(mdyp1)was cloned by screening Musca domestica genomic library constructed in E M BL3vector with a mdyp1DNA fragment obtained by PCR as probe labeling with Dig oxigen.Sequence analysis revealed that it contained about 116kb 5′2upstream region and about110kb 3′2downstream region.Encoding region was com posed of a 61bp intron ,a 222bp ex on 1and a 1028bp ex on 2.5′2upstream region possesses typical C AAT ΠT AT A boxes.K ey w ords Musca domestica ,y olk protein gene ,cloning ,genomic library ,sequence analysis收稿日期:2002209225,接受日期:2002212223吉林省科委基金资助(N o.98579)3联系人:T el :010*********,E 2mail :weiquanl @夏平安,男,1964年10月生,博士,副教授Received :September 25,2002;Accepted :December 23,2002Supported by a grant from the Programs of Science F oundation of Jilin Province3C orresponding author T el :010*********,E 2mail :weiquanl @ 昆虫卵黄蛋白(Y P )是昆虫胚胎发育的重要营养来源,由雌虫的脂肪体大量合成的卵黄蛋白前体(vitellogenin ,vg )被释放到血淋巴中后经发育的卵母细胞摄取、加工而成.对卵黄蛋白或卵黄蛋白前体及其受体的研究是研究卵黄生成过程的重要方面,关系到对昆虫的有效控制[1].大多数昆虫的卵黄蛋白或卵黄蛋白前体基因(cDNA 或genomic DNA )已被分离出来,并对其编码的氨基酸序列分子结构进行研究,发现大多数昆虫的卵黄蛋白是由其前体(vg )在毗邻β转角(beta 2turn )一个RXXR 位点上近N 端被切成两个大小不同亚基而成[2~8].但在高等双翅目,其前体蛋白质则与脂蛋白脂酶同源[9],由一系列分子量为50kD 左右的小亚基组成,如果蝇卵黄蛋白的3个小亚基分子量分别为44kD 、45kD 和46kD.有关卵黄蛋白基因表达与调控的研究在果蝇和蚊子上较为深入.在果蝇,编码卵黄蛋白3个亚基的基因为3个单拷贝基因,Y P1和Y P2基因仅相互间隔1225bp,互为反向转录,具有共同启动子区[10].靠近Y P1基因-321至-196之间序列,决定在脂肪体特异性表达,为脂肪体增强子[11].靠近Y P2基因的一边,有一小段序列控制在卵巢中的表达,称为卵巢增强子[12].这3种基因的表达具有组织、性别和发育期特异性[13],而且依赖于昆虫的营养状态[14],受激素调控[15].蚊子含有211kb的5′2上游区序列卵黄蛋白基因组基因被分离出来,5′2近端上游区有ECRΠUSP、G AT A、CΠE BP、H NF3Πfkh转录因子结合位点,与低水平的组织和发育期特异性表达有关,中间区含有蜕皮激素反应因子E74、E75结合位点,与激素调节的高校表达有关,而在远端区,识别aaG AT Ar 序列的G AT A因子能抑制蜕皮激素反式转录激活卵黄蛋白前体基因[16,17].White等[18]克隆了家蝇3种卵黄蛋白(mdY P1、mdY P2、mdY P3)基因(cDNA),研究了它们在脂肪体和卵巢中的组织、性别和发育期特异性表达.目前,我们实验室主要从事转基因苍蝇的研究,试图从分子水平上研究卵黄蛋白基因的表达、调控来探讨转基因家蝇的基因表达调控模式.本实验通过构建家蝇的基因组文库,从文库中筛选含有完整的5′2上游卵黄蛋白基因,从而进一步在分子水平上研究其表达调控特征.1 材料与方法111 材料11111 家蝇 来自于本室饲养的健康的非转基因家蝇.11112 菌种和质粒 E.coli DH5α、K W251由本实验室保存,p GE M27z f(+)p GE M2T由余兴龙博士惠赠. 11113 生化试剂 Uncut E M BL3DNA,Packagene Lambda DNA Packaging system,Wizard Lambda DNA Preps DNA purification system,T4DNA连接酶,BclⅠ限制酶等购自Promega公司;Tag DNA聚合酶、Hin d Ⅲ和XhoⅠ等限制酶购自T aK aRa公司;DIG High Prime DNA Labeling and Detection Starter K itⅡ购自德国Boehringer Mannheim公司.112 方法11211 家蝇基因组文库的构建 收集家蝇卵孵化36h后的蝇蛆,蒸馏水清洗两遍,剪碎,于液氮中冻融两次后,温和提取基因组DNA,用014%琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测基因组的大小,选用与Bam HⅠ具有匹配的粘性末端的BclⅠ限制酶随机酶切家蝇基因组DNA,017%低熔点琼脂糖电泳回收10~15kb的酶切片段,与E M BL3Bam HⅠ酶切载体臂在16℃10μl体系中连接过夜,体外经50μlλDNA包装蛋白22℃包装3h后被包装成活的重组噬菌体,取出反应管,加450μl S M缓冲液和100μl DMS O液,混合后分装,于-80保存,即为构建好的家蝇基因组文库.转染宿主菌K W251进行库效价测定和库扩增,扩增库为以后文库筛选备用.11212 含家蝇卵黄蛋白基因阳性克隆的筛选 根据3种家蝇卵黄蛋白的cDNA保守序列,设计两条引物,FP1:5′2c g a a c a a g a a g t c a c c g t t t t c23′; RP1:5′2t a a c c t c c a a c a t g t a g t c a c c23′.用PCR 技术以家蝇基因组DNA为模板扩增卵黄蛋白基因部分DNA片段,将扩增的DNA片段纯化后,亚克隆到p GE M2T载体上测序,经测序鉴定后的DNA片段用地高辛标记成探针,通过噬菌斑原位杂交技术从基因组文库中筛选阳性克隆.11213 卵黄蛋白基因的克隆及序列分析 λDNA 纯化试剂盒从阳性克隆中提取重组λDNA,用Hin d Ⅲ、XhoⅠ、SalⅠ单酶切和双酶切后,017%琼脂糖凝胶电泳分离酶切片段,将分离的酶切片段吸附转移到尼龙膜上用特异性探针进行S outhern杂交分析,鉴定出XhoⅠ、Hin dⅢ双酶切阳性杂交带,回收对应大小的DNA酶切片段,亚克隆到p GE M27fz (+)质粒中测序,并对测序结果进行序列分析.2 结果211 家蝇基因组文库 重组噬菌体转染K W251宿主菌,铺平板计算噬菌斑数,依据下列公式:效价=噬菌斑数×稀释倍数Π011ml,算出文库的效价为5×104pfuΠml,即每个反应管含3×104重组体,我们包装了4个反应管,共含112×105个重组体.由于家蝇基因组总长度为8×105kb,重组噬菌体中插入的基因组DNA片段平均按12kb计算,要保证99%的基因组DNA存在于库中,所构建的文库中重组噬菌体的数目至少应有2×105个,因此,从理论上讲我们构建的基因组文库为家蝇部分基因组文库.212 卵黄蛋白基因部分DNA片段特异性探针 PCR扩增出约780bp的预期大小DNA片段,分别用Bam HⅠ和Eco RⅠ酶切,初步证实为mdY P1基因的部分DNA片段,按常规方法将该片段亚克隆到p GE M2T载体上,经酶切鉴定正确后送到T aK aRa 公司测序,测序结果证实该片段为mdY P1基因的部644中国生物化学与分子生物学报19卷分DNA 片段,大小为768bp .将纯化的该DNA 片段016μg 用地高辛随机标记,并测定探针的工作浓度为2000倍稀释.213 卵黄蛋白基因的克隆 用上面标记探针从基因组文库中筛选10万个克隆,结果得到1个可疑阳性克隆,将该阳性克隆经2次转染纯化后,提取其重组λDNA ,014%凝胶电泳鉴定约为40kb ,经Hin d Ⅲ、Xho Ⅰ、Sal Ⅰ单酶切和双酶切(Fig 11),并进行S outhern 杂交分析,鉴定出约315kb 的阳性杂交带(Fig.2),并将阳性杂交带对应的该片段通过Hin d Ⅲ和Xho Ⅰ酶切位点亚克隆到p GE M 27fz (+)质粒中.Fig.1 Digestion analysis of recombinant λDNAM 1:λDNA ΠHin d Ⅲmarker 1:Recombinant λDNA Xho Ⅰ;2:Recombinant λDNA Xho ⅠΠHin d Ⅲ;3:Recombinant λDNA Hin d Ⅲ;4:Recombinant λDNA Sal ⅠM 2:λDNA ΠEco R Ⅰ+Hin d ⅢmarkerFig.2 S outhern blot of recombinant λDNA with mdY P1DNA probe DIG 2labeled1:Xho Ⅰ;2:Hin d Ⅲ;3:Xho ⅠΠHin d Ⅲ214 卵黄蛋白基因序列测定和序列分析 第一次测序结果显示,所获得的mdY P1基因包含编码区、3′2端非编码区和长300bp 的5′2端上游区.为了获得更长的5′2上游区序列,以从阳性克隆中提取的重组λ2DNA 为模板,沿着5′2端再测3个反应,共获得了全长3991bp DNA 序列,见Fig.3.该序列经NC BI BLAST [19]分析,发现与White 等分离的mdY P1cDNA 序列同源性最高.mdY P1cDNA 全长1717bp ,其第14至258之间的碱基与该序列的第1642至1886之间的碱基93%一致;其第259至1372之间碱基和该序列的第1948至3060之间的碱基93%一致.比较结果表明,我们所获得的3991bp DNA 序列为mdY P1基因组基因,含有约116kb 的5′2上游区和110kb 的3′2下游区,编码区由1个61bp 的内含子和大小分别为222bp 、1028bp 的2个外显子组成,5′2上游区含有典型的C AAT ΠT AT A 盒.另对该基因组基因编码的409个氨基酸残基与mdY P1cDNA 编码氨基酸序列进行了比较,同源性89%,BLAST 结果见Fig.4.3 讨论 我们克隆的mdY P1基因组基因编码序列与White 等报道的mdY P1cDNA 编码区93%一致,而氨基酸序列却只有89%同源,这说明同种不同品系的卵黄蛋白之间可能存在差异.另外,比较mdY P1基因组基因3′2非编码区与mdY P1cDNA 3′2非编码区时,发现它们碱基序列并不一致,mdY P1cDNA 3′2非编码区比mdY P1基因组基因3′2非编码区在终止信号AAT AA 前多一段序列,见Fig.5阴影部分,这段序列与mdY P1cDNA 中的1188~1362之间序列的同源性为79%,和mdY P1基因组基因中的2877~3051之间序列的同源性为89%,它的功能并不清楚,可能对研究3′2非编码区有一定的意义.各种昆虫卵黄蛋白或卵黄蛋白前体基因的核酸序列差异很大,但由它们编码的氨基酸序列在C 端高度保守,White 等对高等双翅目昆虫的卵黄蛋白进行了系统比较,发现它们彼此的同源性在45%~82%之间,Chen[20]等则对卵生动物的各种卵黄蛋白进行了比较,证实它们之间也存在同源性,尤其在高度保守序列区,甘氨酸、脯氨酸、半胱氨酸占有明显优势.卵黄蛋白的这种保守是怎样形成的?我们认为,可能的原因是与其反应的卵黄蛋白受体也高度保守[21],制约了卵黄蛋白的进化.果蝇雌虫体内卵黄蛋白含量占其体内总蛋白含量的5%~10%,卵黄蛋白基因在果蝇体内是高效表达的.在家蝇雌虫体内,卵黄蛋白的含量也很高,与果蝇一样,主要分布在雌虫的脂肪体和卵巢中.卵744第4期夏平安等:家蝇卵黄蛋白基因的克隆与结构序列分析 Fig.3 The sequence of Musca domestica Y P1gene containing 1.6kb 5′flanking regionThe intron region (1886~1947)is marked by underlining.The T AT A box or the AAT AA signal is in bold.The translation initiation codon ATGor translation termination codon T AG is indicated by an open box844中国生物化学与分子生物学报19卷Fig.4 Amino acid hom ology of the mdY P1and mdY P1cmdY P1c represents mdY P1cDNA.mdY P1represents mdY P1genomicDNAFig.5 C om paris on of sequence hom ology of mdY P1gene and mdY P1c gene in 3′2flanking regionsH om olog ous sequences are shaded.T ranslation termination codon T AG are boxed.The AAT AA signal is in bold黄蛋白基因在家蝇体内高效表达可能与其5′2上游调控序列有关.分析mdY P1基因结构发现,其5′2上游区含有真核基因所具备的C AAT ΠT AT A 盒,这是典型的具有很高转录活性的强启动子结构,如果将这种强转录活性的mdY P1基因启动子克隆出来,与外源基因连接,构建在家蝇体内可高效表达的载体,对提高转基因家蝇的外源基因的表达效率可能是一个很好的途径.参考文献(R eferences )1 Sappington T W ,Raikhel A S.M olecular characteristics of insectvitellogenins and vitellogenin receptors.Insect Biochem Mol Biol ,1998,28(526):277~3002 Lee J M ,Nishim ori Y,Hatakeyama M ,Bae T W ,Oishi K.Vitellogenin of the cicada G raptopsaltria nigrofuscata (H om optera ):analysis of its primary structure.Insect Biochem Mol Biol ,2000,30(1):1~73 C omas D ,Piulachs M D ,Belles X.Vitellogenin of Blattella germanica(L.)(Dictyoptera blattellidae ):nucleotide sequence of the cDNA and analysis of the protein primary structure.Arch Insect Biochem Physiol ,2000,45(1):1~114 N ose Y,Lee J M ,Ueno T ,Hatakeyama M ,Oishi K.Cloning of cDNAforvitellogeninoftheparasitoidwasp ,Pim planipponica(Hymenoptera :Apocrita :Ichneum onidae ):vitellogenin primary structure and ev olutionary considerations.Insect Biochem Mol Biol ,1997,27(12):1047~10565 Tu fail M ,Hatakeyama M ,T akeda M.M olecular evidence for tw ovitellogenin genes and processing of vitellogenins in the American cockroach ,Periplaneta americana.Arch Insect Biochem Physiol ,2001,48(2):72~806 R omans P ,Tu Z ,K e Z ,Hagedorn H H.Analysis of a vitellogenin geneof the m osquito ,Aedes aegypti and com paris ons to vitellogenins from other organisms.Insect Biochem Mol Biol ,1995,25(8):939~9587 Rina M ,Savakis C A.cluster of vitellogenin genes in the M editerraneanfruit fly Ceratitis capitata :sequence and structural conservation in the dipteran y olk proteins and their genes.G enetics ,1991,127:769~780944第4期夏平安等:家蝇卵黄蛋白基因的克隆与结构序列分析 8 M artinez A,Bownes M.The sequence and expression pattern of the Calliqhora erythrocephala y olk protein A and B genes.J Mol Evol, 1994,38:336~3519 Sappington T W.The major y olk proteins of higher Diptera are hom ologs of a class of minor y olk proteins in lepidoptera.J Mol Evol,2002,55(4):470~47510 Y an YL,K unert C J,P ostlethwait J H.Sequence hom ologies am ong the three y olk polypeptide(yp)genes in Dros ophila melanogaster.Nucleic Acid Res,1987,15:67~8511 M ichael J,G arabedian M,Barbara M.A tissue~specific transcription enhancer from the Dros ophila y olk protein1gene.Cell,1986,45:859~86712 W yatt G R.G ene regulation in insect reproduction.Inverte Reprod,1991, 20(1):1~3513 Brennan M D,W einer A J,G oraliski T J.The follicle cell are a major site of vitellogenin synthesis in Dros ophlia melanogaster.Dev Biol, 1982,89:225~23614 S ondergaard L,M auchiine D,Egetoft P.Nutritional response in a Drosophila y olk protein gene prom oter.Mol G en G enet,1995,248:25~3215 Bownes M.The role of juvenile horm one,ecdys one and the ovary in the control of Dros ophila melanogaster.J Insect Physiol,1989,35(5):409~41316 M artin D,Piulachs M D,Raikhel A S.A novel G AT A factor transcriptionally represses y olk protein precurs or genes in the m osquito Aedes aegypti via interaction with the CtBP corepress or.Mol Cell Biol, 2001,21(1):164~17417 K okoza V A,M artin D,M ienaltowski M J,Ahmed A,M orton C M, Raikhel A S.T ranscriptional regulation of the m osquito vitellogenin gene via a blood meal~triggered cascade.G ene,2001,274(122):47~6518 White N M,Bownes M.Cloning and characterization of three Musca domestica y olk protein genes.Insect Mol Biol,1997,6(4):329~341 19 Altschul S F,M adden TL,Schaffer A A,Zhang J H,Zhang Z,M iller W,Lipman D J.G apped BLAST and PSI~BLAST:a new generation of protein database search programs.Nucleic Acids Res,1997,25:3389~340220 Chen J S,Sappington T W,Raikhel A S.Extensive sequence conservation am ong insect,nematode,and vertebrate vitellogenins reveals ancient comm on ancestry.J Mol Evol,1997,44(4):440~451 21 Sappington T W,K okoza V A,Cho W L,Raikhel A S.M olecular characterization of the m osquito vitellogenin receptor reveals unexpected high hom ology to the Drosophila y olk protein receptor.Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,1996,93(17):8934~8939欢迎订阅 欢迎投稿2004年《中国生物化学与分子生物学报》征订启事《中国生物化学与分子生物学报》(1985年创刊,1998年前刊名:生物化学杂志)是中国科协主管,中国生物化学与分子生物学会主办、北京大学医学部承办的高科技基础性学术刊物,国家生物类和基础医学类核心期刊,双月刊,国内外公开发行.设有综述、研究快报、研究论文、技术与方法、研究简报和信息与交流等栏目,主要报道生物化学与分子生物学以及相关领域的最新科研成果和研究进展,其中“九五”、“八六三”,“九七三”国家高新技术计划和国家自然科学基金等资助项目的论文占80%以上.读者对象主要为国内外生物学、化学、医学、农学、林、渔、畜牧类科研人员、高等院校师生,医务工作者和工程技术人员等.特设《郑集基金》,奖励在本刊发表优秀论文的年轻作者.2002年10月,本刊荣获第三届中国科协优秀科技期刊奖.ISS N100727626,C N1123870ΠQ,邮发代号:822312,国外代号:BM957,每双月15日出版,国际标准大16开本,160页.2004年每本定价:22100元,全年定价:132100元.各地邮局均可订阅或随时可从本刊编辑部直接订阅(邮费免收).编辑部地址:100083 北京学院路北京大学医学部生化楼331室电话Π传真:010*********电子信箱:shxb@, 网址:http:ΠΠ054中国生物化学与分子生物学报19卷。
园 艺 学 报 2008,35(10):1527-1532Acta Horticulturae Sinica白姜花倍半萜合成酶基因的克隆及表达李瑞红1,范燕萍13,余让才2,陆旺金1,庄楚雄2(1华南农业大学园艺学院,广州510642;2华南农业大学生命科学学院,广州510642)摘 要:以白姜花的叶片为材料,通过RT2PCR与RACE相结合的方法,克隆到一个倍半萜合成酶基因的c DNA序列,其全长为1932bp,基因编码区共1653bp,编码551个氨基酸,命名为Hc2Sesqui。
该基因编码蛋白的氨基酸序列与姜和玉米中的倍半萜合成酶有较高的同源性,并且含有DDXXD保守序列。
通过Clustal X进行序列分析,确定该基因属于植物萜类合成酶基因家族中的T p s2a亚族。
Northern杂交的结果表明,该基因在茎、叶和萼片中均有表达。
关键词:白姜花;倍半萜合成酶;基因;克隆;表达中图分类号:S68 文献标识码:A 文章编号:05132353X(2008)1021527206M olecul ar C lon i n g and Expressi on of Sesqu iterpeno i d Syn tha se Gene i n H edych ium corona rium Koen i gL I Rui2hong1,F AN Yan2p ing13,Y U Rang2cai2,LU W ang2jin1,and ZHUANG Chu2xi ong2(1College of Horticulture,2College of L ife Science,South China A gricultural U niversity,Guangzhou510642,China)Abstract:A TPS gene na med as Hc2Sesqui was is olated fr om Hedych ium coronarium Koenig leaf.The comp lete sequence of the c DNA gene was1932bp,with an ORF encoding551a m ino acids.The a m ino acids sequence shared highly ho mol ogy t o other sesquiter penoid synthase,containing conserved boxes of:TPS DDXXD.The phyl ogenetic analysis after Clustal X alignment suggested that the Hc2Sesqui bel onged t o T p s2a. Northern bl ot revealed that the Hc2Sesqui gene was exp ressed in leaf,ste m and sepal.Key words:Hedychium coronarium Koenig;sesquiter penoid synthase;gene;cl one;exp ressi on萜类化合物按其在植物体内的生理功能可分为初生代谢物和次生代谢物两大类。
逐步克隆法测序流程英文回答:The stepwise cloning method is a widely used techniquein DNA sequencing. It involves the gradual construction ofa DNA sequence by cloning and sequencing smaller fragmentsof the target DNA. This method is particularly useful when dealing with large and complex DNA sequences.The first step in the stepwise cloning method is to isolate the target DNA fragment from the source organism. This can be done using various techniques such as PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) or restriction enzyme digestion. Once the target DNA fragment is obtained, it is ligatedinto a cloning vector, which is a small DNA moleculecapable of self-replication.The next step is to transform the cloning vectorcarrying the target DNA fragment into a suitable host organism, typically a bacterium such as Escherichia coli.This is done by a process called transformation, where the host organism takes up the foreign DNA and incorporates it into its own genome. The transformed host cells are then cultured on agar plates containing selective media, which allows only the cells carrying the desired DNA fragment to grow.Once the transformed host cells have been identified, they are further cultured to amplify the DNA. This is done by allowing the host cells to multiply and divide,resulting in a large population of cells carrying thetarget DNA fragment. The amplified DNA can then be extracted from the host cells using various methods such as alkaline lysis or column-based purification.The final step in the stepwise cloning method is DNA sequencing. The amplified DNA is subjected to sequencing techniques such as Sanger sequencing or next-generation sequencing. These techniques determine the precise order of nucleotides in the DNA fragment, allowing the construction of the complete DNA sequence.Overall, the stepwise cloning method is a powerful tool in DNA sequencing as it allows the gradual construction of a DNA sequence by cloning and sequencing smaller fragments. This method has been instrumental in numerous scientific discoveries and applications, including the sequencing of the human genome.中文回答:逐步克隆法是一种广泛应用于DNA测序的技术。
0.434,OD260/ODzao一1.91,该比值在1.8~2.0之间,说明RNA纯度很高,基本没有污染DNA和蛋白质。
将总RNA溶于DEPC—H2O中,取5牲L进行琼脂糖凝胶电泳,由图1可以看出总RNA样品的28SrRNA和18SrRNA条带明亮、清晰、锐利(指条带的边缘整齐),并且28SrRNA的亮度是18SrRNA的两倍或两倍以上,无DNA杂带,证明所提取的RNA样品没有被RNA酶降解。
2.2RT-PCR扩增目的基因以总RNA为模板,采用RNAPCRKit应,产物进行0.8oA琼脂糖凝胶电泳(图2),图1蚯蚓总RNA电泳结果(AMV)Ver.3.0试剂盒进行RT—PCR扩增反得到一条750bp左右的特异性条带。
图2蚓激酶PCR电泳结果1--GeneRulerTMlkhladderMarker2一pUCr”Tnegativecontrol3一pUC仃卜T-F_245PCRproduct2.3重组子的筛选与鉴定将PCR产物与pUCm-T载体连接(图3),转化E.coliJMl09,随机挑取白色菌落,用PCR法进行快速初步鉴定(图4),在750bp处有一明显的扩增条带。
用SalIandNdeI双78图3重组质粒pUCm-T—F245的构建图4重组质粒pUCm-T-F245酶切鉴定结果1一pUCm—Tvector2一pUCm-T—F245PCRproduct3一pUCm_T—F245(digestedwithSalIandNdeI)4一pUCm-T_F245(digestedwithSalI)5--GeneRulerTMlkbladderMarker蚓激酶基因的克隆与序列分析作者:黎明, 赵明明, 杜连祥, 韩振林作者单位:天津科技大学生物工程学院,天津市工业微生物重点实验室,天津,300222本文链接:/Conference_6096963.aspx。
植物遗传资源学报2014,15(4):844⁃849JournalofPlantGeneticResourcesDOI:10.13430/j.cnki.jpgr.2014.04.024野生大豆P5CS基因的克隆及对盐胁迫反应张兆元1,陈吉宝1,宋佳璘2,曹苑楠1,冉小芹1,党虹1(1南阳师范学院,河南南阳473061;2河南省环境监控中心,郑州450004)㊀㊀摘要:逆境下植物大量积累脯氨酸是减轻胁迫伤害的一种自我保护机制㊂本研究应用同源克隆方法从NaCl处理的野生大豆中克隆获得一个脯氨酸合成酶(P5CS)基因,命名为GsP5CS㊂该基因核苷酸序列全长2 232kb,含一个2148bp开放阅读框,编码715个氨基酸,包含有高等植物P5CS蛋白质的5个主要功能域,与菜豆PvP5CS1基因核苷酸序列相似性高达98 79%㊂RealTimePCR分析显示该基因受轻度盐胁迫诱导上调表达,根中表达高峰出现在200mmol/LNaCl处理下,相对表达量为对照的5 83倍;叶片中表达高峰出现在300mmol/LNaCl处理条件下,相对表达量为对照的12 78倍㊂并且该基因在根和叶片中的表达模式和脯氨酸含量的变化模式相同㊂上述结果说明,GsP5CS可能参与野生大豆脯氨酸合成㊂㊀㊀关键词:野生大豆;P5CS基因;盐胁迫;表达模式;RealTimePCRCloningandExpressionAnalysisofP5CSGenefromWildSoybean(Glycinesoja)SeedlingunderSaltStressZHANGZhao⁃Yuan1,CHENJi⁃Bao1,SONGJia⁃Lin2,CAOYuan⁃Nan1,RANXiao⁃Qin1,DANGHong1(1NanyangNormalUniversity,NanyangHenan473061;2EnvironmentalMonitoringCenterinHenanProvince,Zhengzhou450004)Abstract:Prolineaccumulationinplanttissuesisaself⁃protectionmechanismreducingstressinjuries.Inthestudy,aP5CSgenewasisolatedbyhomologousclonestrategyfromwildsoybeanseedingunderNaCltreatment,namedGsP5CS.Sequenceanalysisshowedthatthefull⁃lengthcDNAwas2 232kb,containinganopenreadingframeof2148bp,andencoding715aminoacidswith5typicalfunctiondomainsofplantP5CSprotein.ThecDNAsequenceshared98 79%similaritywithPvP5CS1fromcommonbean.RealtimePCRanalysisshowedthatthegeneexpressionlevelwassignificantlyup⁃regulatedundersaltstress.Therelativeexpressionofthegenereachedtothemaximumunder200mmol/LNaCltreatmentinrootsand300mmol/LNaCltreatmentinleavesandwerere⁃spectively5 83and12 78timesofthecontrol.AndtheexpressionmodelsofGsP5CSgeneweresimilarwiththeprolineaccumulationmodelsinleaveandrootofwildsoybeantreatedwithdifferentNaClconcentration.TheaboveresultsshowedthatGsP5CSenzymemightparticipateintheprolinesynthetaseinwildsoybean(Glycinesoja).Keywords:wildsoybean;P5CSgene;saltstress;expresspattern;realtimePCR收稿日期:2013⁃10⁃21㊀㊀㊀㊀修回日期:2013⁃11⁃14㊀㊀网络出版日期:2014⁃06⁃09URL:http://www.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.4996.S.20140609.1405.002.html基金项目:南阳师范学院专项项目(ZX2010008);河南省教育厅自然科学研究项目(2010A180016)第一作者主要从事植物基因工程研究㊂E⁃mail:ying0482@qq.com通信作者:陈吉宝,主要从事植物生物化学与分子生物学研究㊂E⁃mail:chenjibao2012@163.com野生大豆是栽培大豆的近缘野生种,是大豆育种极为重要的种质资源㊂野生大豆的研究利用,对拓宽栽培大豆的遗传基础,提高大豆育种水平有重要价值[1]㊂前人的研究证明野生大豆和大豆都具有很强的抗盐能力[2⁃4],但是野生大豆耐盐性相关的理论研究至今尚未有突破性进展㊂非生物逆境胁迫是作物产量降低的主要原因之一,脯氨酸是植物细胞中的渗透调节物质,在渗透胁迫条件下脯氨酸的积累不仅有助于提高植物细胞的渗透势,提高植物抗胁迫能力,而且还是植物从胁迫条件恢复正常过程中迅速有效的氮源㊁碳源和还原剂[5⁃6],因此提高植物逆境下脯氨酸的积累速度对于提高植物抗渗透胁迫能力具有重要的意义㊂脯氨酸合成酶Δ⁃吡咯啉⁃5⁃羧酸合成酶(P5CS,pyrroline⁃5⁃carboxylate㊀4期张兆元等:野生大豆P5CS基因的克隆及对盐胁迫反应synthetase)是植物脯氨酸生物合成中的限速酶,决定着植物体内脯氨酸的积累速度[7]㊂目前很多植物P5CS基因已获得较深入的研究[8⁃12],但对野生大豆脯氨酸合成酶基因仍然没有很好的研究,本研究通过克隆野生大豆脯氨酸合成酶基因并分析其对盐胁迫的反应,旨在从分子生物学角度解释野生大豆抗盐机理㊂1㊀材料与方法1 1㊀野生大豆幼苗培养野生大豆种子用98%硫酸处理10min,无菌水清洗数遍至pH值接近中性后用无菌水室温培养至发芽㊂将发芽的种子单粒点播于营养钵内,营养土用花土ʒ细砂ʒ壤土按照1ʒ1ʒ1混合配制,每钵使用50g营养土㊂营养钵置于室温光照16h/d培养至第1对真叶完全展开,培养期间每隔3d用自来水浇灌营养土㊂在第1对真叶完全展开第2对真叶刚刚露出时对所有幼苗进行一次充分灌溉,然后自然干旱控水,5d后选择大小一致㊁健康无损的幼苗进行盐胁迫处理㊂每钵分别用100mL浓度为100mmol/L㊁200mmol/L㊁300mmol/L㊁400mmol/L㊁500mmol/LNaCl溶液均匀浇灌营养土5h模拟盐胁迫处理㊂每个处理重复6次,以自来水浇灌营养土为对照㊂1 2㊀总RNA提取及cDNA第1链合成分别取盐处理野生大豆幼苗叶片㊁茎和根,液氮速冻后用Trizol试剂提取总RNA㊂按照TaKaRa公司的PrimeScript2试剂盒说明,用Oligo(dT)15作为引物合成cDNA第1链㊂反转录产物稀释10倍备用㊂1 3㊀目的基因的扩增参考普通菜豆P5CS基因序列(GeneBank:EU407263),利用DNAStar软件包中的PrimerSelect软件设计引物对G1:5ᶄ⁃ATGGAGAACACAGATCCT⁃TG⁃3ᶄ,G2:5ᶄCTAGAGGAAATAAAACACAGGCT⁃3ᶄ,由上海生工生物工程技术有限公司合成㊂PCR反应体系总体积20μL,包括反转录产物4μL作模板,目标基因上下游引物(引物浓度2μmol/L)各3μL㊁2ˑTaqPCRMasterMix10μL㊂PCR扩增程序为95ħ预变性3min;95ħ变性30s,50ħ退火40s,72ħ延伸1min30s,33个循环,72ħ延伸10min㊂1 4㊀目标基因表达量实时荧光定量PCR检测按照RealMasterMix(SYBRGreen)PCR试剂盒(TIANGENCorporation)操作,以大豆β⁃Actin基因作为内参,采用实时荧光定量PCR(RT⁃qPCR,real⁃timequantitativePCR)检测基因相对表达量㊂目标基因引物对为F:5ᶄ⁃GGCCCTCCGAGTGACCAA⁃3ᶄ和R:5ᶄ⁃CTCGCGGGCGTTAACCTCTTTT⁃3ᶄ㊂RT⁃qPCR反应程序为:94ħ预变性2min;94ħ变性20s,60ħ退火30s,72ħ延伸40s,40个循环,72ħ延伸10min㊂基因的表达量采用K.J.Livak等[13]的2-ΔΔCT公式计算,其中ΔΔCT=CT,Target-CT,Actin㊂CT,Target和CT,Actin分别是目标基因和内参基因在不同处理点的CT值,每个样品3次重复㊂1 5㊀序列分析目标扩增产物由上海英骏生物技术有限公司进行测序,采用DNAStar软件系统的Editsep㊁MegAlign软件包以及DNAMAN软件分析基因序列㊂1 6㊀脯氨酸含量检测取盐胁迫处理幼苗真叶和根在液氮中充分研磨后,参照陈红敏等[14]的方法分别测定脯氨酸含量㊂2㊀结果与分析2 1㊀RT⁃PCR扩增目的基因用目标基因特异引物对G1/G2,以野生大豆幼苗叶片反转录产物为模板进行PCR扩增,扩增产物电泳检测结果显示获得一条约2 2kb左右的扩增片段,大小与目标片段一致(图1)㊂测序结果表明,该片段全长2 232kb,有完整的开放阅读框,无5ᶄUTR序列,3ᶄUTR序列长84bp,编码715个氨基酸,蛋白质的大小约77 42kD(图2),将其命名为GsP5CS㊂图1㊀GsP5CS基因RT⁃PCR扩增结果Fig 1㊀RT⁃PCRproductofGsP5CSgene2 2㊀野生大豆P5CS基因序列分析张春宝等[19]2007年曾报道2个P5CS基因,分别为GsP5CS1和GsP5CS2,其序列全长分别为1568bp和560bp㊂序列比对表明,GsP5CS1与GsP5CS2的核苷酸相似性为72 7%,本研究获得GsP5CS和GsP5CS1㊁GsP5CS2的核苷酸相似性分别548植㊀物㊀遗㊀传㊀资㊀源㊀学㊀报14卷图2㊀野生大豆P5CS基因序列及蛋白质序列Fig 2㊀NucleotidesequencesandputativeaminoacidssequencesofGsP5CSgene为89 3%和74 1%,说明GsP5CS可能和GsP5CS1是同一个基因㊂GsP5CS1第1个核苷酸起始于GsP5CS的第580bp处,其末端序列结束于GsP5CS的第2148bp㊂从GsP5CS蛋白的氨基酸序列比对结果可以看出,GsP5CS的起始氨基酸和大豆㊁豇豆㊁普通菜豆㊁拟南芥以及小麦P5CS蛋白的起始氨基酸完全相同(图3),因此认为GsP5CS具有完整的开放阅读框,而GsP5CS1不具有完整的开放阅读框㊂利用DNAStar软件系统中的MegAlign软件包,分析野生大豆P5CS基因与其他植物P5CS基因序列的多态性,结果表明GsP5CS与大豆GmP5CS(AY492005)㊁菜豆PvP5CS1(EU340347)和PvP5CS2(EU407263)㊁豇豆VaP5CS(M92276)㊁拟南芥AtP5CS1(X86777)和AtP5CS2(Y09355)㊁小麦TaP5CS(AY888045)基因的核酸序列相似性分别为93 6%㊁83 3%㊁98 79%㊁83 2%㊁73 1%㊁73 3%㊁69 4%,氨基酸序列的相似性分别为93 2%㊁84 4%㊁97 9%㊁82 1%㊁75 6%㊁74 7%㊁73 9%㊂采用ClustalW程序分析了GsP5CS与其他P5CS基因的进化关系,结果显示野生大豆与菜豆PvP5CS2亲缘关系最近,其次是大豆GmP5CS,亲源关系最远的是单子叶植物小麦(图4)㊂648㊀4期张兆元等:野生大豆P5CS基因的克隆及对盐胁迫反应下划线部分表示5个主要功能域的序列Sequencesunderlinedrepresenttheconservedfunctiondomains图3㊀GsP5CS基因与几种植物P5CS基因的氨基酸序列比对Fig 3㊀AminoacidsequencealignmentofGsP5CS1withP5CShomologsinplants图4㊀P5CS基因的系统进化树Fig 4㊀PhylogenetictreeofP5CSgene2 3㊀盐胁迫下野生大豆幼苗脯氨酸含量的变化在整个处理期间,叶片和根中脯氨酸水平呈现先升后降的变化趋势(图5)㊂叶片中脯氨酸从21 57μg/g㊃FW(对照)逐渐上升到最大值64 59μg/g㊃FW(300mmol/L),为对照的2 9倍,然后又逐渐下降到44 96μg/g㊃FW(500mmol/L)㊂方差分析显示,叶片中脯氨酸含量在不同胁迫点之间差异极显著(P<0 01)㊂根中脯氨酸从18 12μg/g㊃FW(对照)逐渐上升到最大值39 12μg/g㊃FW(200mmol/L),为对照的2 1倍,然后又逐渐下降到24 45μg/g㊃FW(500mmol/L)㊂方差分析显示,根中脯氨酸含量在200mmol/L和300mmol/L之间差异不显著,对照和其他各胁迫点之间差异极显著(P<0 01)㊂盐胁迫下叶中脯氨酸积累量都极显著高于根部(P<0 01),最高可达根部的2 0倍(400mmol/L)㊂2 4㊀野生大豆P5CS基因对盐胁迫的反应应用实时定量PCR的方法分析了盐胁迫处理下GsP5CS基因的相对表达量,结果显示,在整个处理期间,叶片和根中GsP5CS基因的相对表达量也呈现先升后降的变化趋势(图6)㊂无盐胁迫(对照)748植㊀物㊀遗㊀传㊀资㊀源㊀学㊀报14卷图5㊀NaCl胁迫下野生大豆幼苗叶片和根中脯氨酸含量Fig 5㊀ProlinecontentinleavesandrootsofwildsoybeanseedlingstreatedwithNaClstress情况下,GsP5CS基因在根中和叶片中的相对表达量无显著差异㊂轻微的盐胁迫(100mmol/LNaCl)即可诱导叶片和根中GsP5CS基因的上调表达,其相对表达量分别是对照的1 78倍和4 63倍㊂在200mmol/LNaCl处理下根中GsP5CS基因相对表达量就达到最大值,为对照的5 83倍;叶片中GsP5CS基因最大相对表达量出现在300mmol/LNaCl处理条件下,为对照的12 78倍㊂在500mmol/LNaCl处理下叶片中GsP5CS基因相对表达量极显著小于对照(P<0 01),为对照的0 28倍,虽然根中基因的相对表达量也有所下降,但比对照还略高,为对照的1 28倍㊂图6㊀NaCl胁迫下野生大豆幼苗叶片和根中GsP5CS基因mRNA的相对表达量Fig 6㊀GsP5CSgenemRNArelativelevelsinleavesandrootsofwildsoybeanseedlingstreatedwithNaClstress3㊀讨论植物体内脯氨酸的合成有2条途径,即谷氨酸途径和鸟氨酸途径,其中谷氨酸途径被认为是植物逆境胁迫相关途径㊂在谷氨酸途径中,脯氨酸的合成起始于谷氨酸,在Δ⁃吡咯啉⁃5⁃羧酸合成酶(P5CS)的催化下转化成谷氨酸半醛,该物质自动转化成吡咯啉⁃5⁃羧酸(P5C,pyrroline⁃5⁃carboxylate),P5C再由吡咯啉⁃5⁃羧酸还原酶(P5CR,pyrroline⁃5⁃carboxylatereductase)催化生成脯氨酸[8,15]㊂P5CS是植物细胞内脯氨酸合成途径的关键酶,目前已从许多植物中分离到P5CS基因,并从分子遗传角度证明该基因是一个有益的植物抗逆境胁迫基因[16⁃17]㊂本研究表明,GsP5CS具有1个2148bp的完整开放阅读框,推定其编码715个氨基酸,与其他物种已证明的P5CS蛋白质相似㊂序列分析结果表明,GsP5CS与同为豆科的PvP5CS2及大豆的GmP5CS同源性最高,与拟南芥㊁小麦的P5CS基因同源性也较高,这与植物分类学上的亲缘关系一致㊂A.C.Turchetto⁃Zolet等[18]通过对48种植物和微生物P5CS基因序列比对分析表明,植物P5CS基因在进化过程发生过基因拷贝数复制现象,即P5CS在植物体内都存在双拷贝㊂张春宝等[19]曾报道了一个野生大豆P5CS基因,本研究又从野生大豆中克隆获得一个P5CS基因,说明野生大豆P5CS基因在进化过程中也出现过基因复制现象㊂本研究结果表明,盐胁迫能够强烈诱导GsP5CS基因的表达,并且脯氨酸含量的变化与GsP5CS的表达量平行,进一步证明GsP5CS基因与野生大豆体内脯氨酸的合成具有高度相关性㊂前人的研究结果证明P5CS基因在干旱㊁高盐等逆境胁迫下大量表达,并调控内源脯氨酸的合成[7,20⁃21],本研究结果与前人的结果类似,说明GsP5CS基因是一个盐胁迫诱导上调表达基因㊂本研究首次发现野生大豆P5CS基因在根和叶片中具有不同的表达规律,在相同胁迫条件下根和叶中该基因的表达有明显的不同,在100mmol/LNaCl处理下,根中GsP5CS基因的表达是叶中的2 6倍,然后随着胁迫程度的加强该基因在叶中的表达量明显高于根部,最高可达根部表达量的4倍(300mmol/LNaCl),同时该基因在根部表达峰值的出现早于叶部㊂以上结果说明该基因在根部对盐胁迫的反应速度快于叶部,但反应强度小于叶部㊂胁迫条件下基因在叶部总相对表达量明显高于根部5CS,这刚好与脯氨酸在根和叶中的积累量不同相吻合,这些结果暗示叶部GsP5CS基因的诱导上调表达速度对提高野生大豆抗盐能力具有积极的意义㊂本研究克隆了一个新的GsP5CS基因,为进一步研究GsP5CS基因表达的调控和野生大豆抗逆分子机理及创造耐盐新品种奠定了基础㊂848㊀4期张兆元等:野生大豆P5CS基因的克隆及对盐胁迫反应致谢:本研究所用野生大豆种子由中国农业科学院作物科学研究所野生大豆课题组王克晶老师提供,特此致谢!参考文献[1]㊀王克晶,李向华.国家基因库野生大豆(Glycinesoja)资源最近十年考察与研究[J].植物遗传资源学报,2012,13(4):507⁃514[2]㊀孙微,张辉.河南和山西野生大豆耐盐鉴定及耐盐相关基因分析[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2007[3]㊀肖鑫辉,李向华,刘洋,等.野生大豆(Glycinesoja)耐高盐碱土壤种质的鉴定与评价[J].植物遗传资源学报,2009,10(3):392⁃398[4]㊀姜静涵,郭勇,常汝镇,等.大豆苗期耐盐性的简便鉴定方法[J].作物学报,2013,39(7):1248⁃1256[5]㊀AkpJnarBA,LucasSJ,BudakH.Genomicsapproachesforcropimprovementagainstabioticstress[J].ScientificWorldJournal,2013,doi./10 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引文格式:荣华, 凌钰, 豆腾飞, 等. 浅色黄姑鱼Ⅰ型胶原蛋白α2 (COL1A2)基因的克隆及表达分析[J]. 云南农业大学学报(自然科学), 2023, 38(5): 786−794. DOI: 10.12101/j.issn.1004-390X(n).202111079浅色黄姑鱼Ⅰ型胶原蛋白α2 (COL1A2)基因的克隆及表达分析*荣 华1, 凌 钰2, 豆腾飞2, 黄 英2, 王晓雯2, 孔令富2, 毕保良2, 王金浩3 **(1. 襄阳职业技术学院 农学院,湖北襄阳 441050;2. 云南农业大学 动物科学技术学院,云南 昆明 650201;3. 云南华衡检测技术有限公司,云南 昆明 650201)摘要: 【目的】通过克隆浅色黄姑鱼(Nibea coibor ) Ⅰ型胶原蛋白α2 (COL1A2) 基因,分析其分子特征、组织分布及表达差异,为鱼类胶原蛋白代谢机制研究奠定理论基础。
【方法】通过cDNA 末端快速扩增(rapid amplification of cDNA ends ,RACE)技术获得浅色黄姑鱼COL1A2基因全长序列,利用生物信息学分析方法对其进行系统分析,探讨其分子特征及组织表达谱。
【结果】COL1A2 cDNA 序列长5 826 bp ,编码1 352个氨基酸。
BLAST 同源性比对和系统进化树分析表明:浅色黄姑鱼与大黄鱼(Larimichthys crocea )同属石首鱼科(Sciaenidae),亲缘关系最近,且两者COL1A2的氨基酸序列同源性最高(96.60%)。
生物信息学分析显示:COL1A2多肽链包含脊椎动物Ⅰ型胶原蛋白的所有特征,如相同的信号肽、C-前肽和N-前肽结构域以及三重螺旋结构域等。
qRT-PCR 结果显示:鱼鳔中COL1A2基因的表达显著高于其他组织(P <0.05),且胶原蛋白在不同组织中的分布规律与其一致。
【结论】本研究首次克隆了浅色黄姑鱼COL1A2基因(GenBank 登录号:MK641513),该基因的组织表达特异性是引起胶原蛋白差异化沉积的原因之一。
粗筑探舟 2020,46(6):77-83Plant Protection瘗蚊科3种昆虫核糖体DNA 的克隆及序列分析段云,郭培,巩中军,苗进,李彤,蒋月丽,武予清* 收稿日期:2019-08-06 修订日期:2019-09-25芦金项目:国家现代农业小麦产业技术•体系地下害虫岗位(CAR&03)* 通信作者 E-mail :yuqingwu3 6 @hotmail. com(河南省农业科学院植物保护研究所,河南省农作物病虫害防治重点实验室,农业农村部华北南部有害生物综合治理重点实验室,河南省作物保护国际联合实验室,河南省生物农药工程研究中心,郑州450002)摘要 瘻蚊科是双翅目昆虫中的重要类群。
本研究对瘻蚊科3种昆虫一麦红吸浆虫、菊花瘻蚊和食财瘻蚊的核糖体DNA 进行PCR 扩增、克隆、测序及序列分析,并对IT&1在麦红吸浆虫4个地理种群中的遗传变异情况进行分析。
结果表明,从3种昆虫中获得的核糖体DNA 序列包括:部分的18SrDNA(44 bp)、28S rDNA(37 bp),全部的ITS-1 (487-535 bp),5. 8S rDNA(121 bp)及IT&2(336〜352 bp)序列。
3种昆虫ITS 序列的碱基差异百分比在 17. 21 %〜29. 59%之间,共含有206个变异位点。
ITS-1序列在麦红吸浆虫4个地理种群中比较保守,只有4个变异位点,单倍型多样性为0. 311 7〜0.796 5,核昔酸多样性为0. 000 6—0. 002 2。
本研究为今后瘻蚊科昆虫的分类 鉴定、系统发育和遗传进化等相关研究提供了基础O关键词瘻蚊科;核糖体DNA ;序列分析;分子鉴定中图分类号:Q 963文献标识码:A DOI : 10.16688/j. zwbh. 2019400Cloning and sequence analysis of ribosomal DNAs from three species ofthe Cecidomyiidae familyDUAN Yun, GUO Pei, GONG Zhongjun, MIAO Jin, LI Tong, JIANG Yueli, WU Yuqing *{Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control , MOA ,s Regional Key Laboratory of Crop IPM in Southern Part ofNorthern China , International Joint Research Laboratory for Crop Protection of Henan , Biological PesticidesEngineering Research Center of Henan Province , Institute of Plant Protection 9Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Zhengzhou 450002, China')Abstract Cecidomyiidae is an important insect group in the order Diptera. The ribosomal DNAs from three gallmidges, Sitodiplosis mosellana , Rhopalomyia longicauda and Aphidoletes aphidimyza ? were studied by PCR am plification, cloning, sequencing and sequence analysis ・ The genetic variation of ITS-1 in four geographical popula tions of S ・ mosellana was analyzed ・ The results showed that the rDNA sequences of three insects included partialsequences of 18S rDNA (44 bp) and 28S rDNA (37 bp), complete sequences of ITS-1 (487 — 535 bp) , 5.8 S rDNA (121 bp) and ITS-2 (336 — 352 bp) sequences. The difference among ITS sequences was between 17. 21% and29. 59%, including a total of 206 variant sites. There was little difference in the ITS-1 sequence among the fourgeographical populations of S. mosellana , with only 4 variant sites, a haplotype diversity of 0・ 311 7 — 0. 796 5, and a nucleotide diversity of 0・ 000 6—0.002 2・ This study provides a basis for the study of identification, phylog eny and genetic evolution of gall midges of the Cecidomyiidae family.Key words Cecidomyiidae ; ribosomal DNA ; sequence analysis ; molecular identification瘻蚊科Cecidomyiidae 隶属于双翅目Diptera ,是 戈一类雄虫触角具环毛,翅上显著纵脉不超过5条的蚊 1类昆虫。
・论著・白纹伊蚊β2肌动蛋白基因片段的克隆及其作为基因表达内参照的应用3焦健华1,2,马磊2,张东辉233(1.南京医科大学第一附属医院消化科,江苏南京210029;2.南京医科大学病原生物学系,江苏省现代病原生物学重点实验室,江苏南京210029)【摘要】 目的 获取白纹伊蚊β2肌动蛋白基因序列并探讨其作为基因表达内参照的作用。
方法 根据昆虫β2肌动蛋白核苷酸序列的高度保守区设计引物,通过PCR 的方法从白纹伊蚊C6/36细胞中扩增获得白纹伊蚊β2肌动蛋白基因片段,进一步通过R T 2PCR 的方法验证其在稳定转染空载体和40S 核糖体蛋白S4(RPS4)基因的白纹伊蚊C6/36细胞中的表达。
结果 获得白纹伊蚊β2肌动蛋白基因片段,长911bp ,与其他几种蚊β2肌动蛋白基因对应序列的相似性在89%以上。
在稳定转染空载体和RPS4基因的C6/36细胞中,均可稳定地扩增出目的基因。
结论 成功获得了白纹伊蚊β2肌动蛋白基因片段,并且该片段完全可以用作基因表达差异分析时的内参照基因。
【关键词】 白纹伊蚊;C6/36细胞;β2肌动蛋白基因;PCR ;R T 2PCR【中图分类号】 R384.1 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 167325234(2007)0620454203[J ournal of Pathogen B iology .2007Dec ;2(6):454-456.]C loning and sequ ences of Aedes albopictus β2actin gene fragm ent and its application as an internal control J IAO Jian 2hua 1,2,MA Lei 2,ZHAN G Dong 2hui 2 (1.De partment of Gast roenterolog y ,the Fi rst A f f iliatedHos pital of N anj ing Medical Universit y ,N anj ing 210029,China;2.Department of Pathogen B iolog y ,N anj ing Medical Universit y ;J iangsu Province Key L aboratory of Modern Pathogen B iology )【Abstract 】 Objective Objective To isolate and sequence A edes albopictus β2actin gene and test its applicability as an in 2ternal control in gene expression studies. Methods Primers were designed based on the conserved nucleotide sequences of insect β2actin genes.A f ragment of A e.albopictus β2actin gene was amplified f rom the cDNA of C6/36cells.The ex 2pression levels of A e.albopictus β2actin in RPS4gene stably transfected and control vector transfected C6/36cells were both detected by R T 2PCR. R esults A f ragment of 911bp was isolated which shows over 89%identities with the cor 2responding sequences of other mosquito β2actin genes.The f ragment was also successfully amplified f rom RPS4gene transfected and control vector transfected C6/36cells. Conclusion A e.albopictus β2actin gene fragment was success 2f ully cloned.As a housekeeping gene ,it can be used as an internal control in gene expression studies.【K ey w ords 】 A edes albopictus ;C6/36cells ;β2actin gene ;PCR ;R T 2PCR肌动蛋白(actin )是真核生物中普遍存在,在进化中高度保守的蛋白质家族。