The mother of the civil rights movement ——

1988 DNC Address(a)Tonight, we pause and give praise and honor to God for being good enough to allow us to be at this place at this time. When I look out at this convention, I see the face of America: Red, Yellow, Brown, Black and White. We are all precious in God's sight -- the real rainbow coalition.All of us -- all of us who are here think that we are seated. But we're really standing on someone's shoulders. Ladies and gentlemen, Mrs. Rosa Parks -- the mother of the civil rights movement.[Mrs. Rosa Parks is brought to the podium.]I want to express my deep love and appreciation for the support my family has given me over these past months. They have endured pain, anxiety, threat, and fear. But they have been strengthened and made secure by our faith in God, in America, and in you. Your love has protected us and made us strong. To my wife Jackie, the foundation of our family; to our five children whom you met tonight; to my mother, Mrs. Helen Jackson, who is present tonight; and to our grandmother, Mrs. Matilda Burns; to my brother Chuck and his family; to my mother-in-law, Mrs. Gertrude Brown, who just last month at age 61 graduated from Hampton Institute -- a marvelous achievement.I offer my appreciation to Mayor Andrew Young who has provided such gracious hospitality to all of us this week.And a special salute to President Jimmy Carter. President Carter restored honor to the White House after Watergate. He gave many of us a special opportunity to grow. For his kind words, for his unwavering commitment to peace in the world, and for the voters that came from his family, every member of his family, led by Billy and Amy, I offer my special thanks to the Carter family.My right and my privilege to stand here before you has been won, won in my lifetime, by the blood and the sweat of the innocent.Twenty-four years ago, the late Fannie Lou Hamer and Aaron Henry -- who sits here tonight from Mississippi -- were locked out onto the streets in Atlantic City; the head of the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party.But tonight, a Black and White delegation from Mississippi is headed by Ed Cole, a Black man from Mississippi; twenty-four years later.Many were lost in the struggle for the right to vote: Jimmy Lee Jackson, a young student, gave his life; Viola Liuzzo, a White mother from Detroit, called "nigger lover," and brains blown out at point blank range; [Michael] Schwerner, [Andrew] Goodman and [James] Chaney -- two Jews and a Black -- found in a common grave, bodies riddled with bullets in Mississippi; the four darling little girls in a church in Birmingham, Alabama. They died that we might have a right to live.Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. lies only a few miles from us tonight. Tonight he must feel good as he looks down upon us. We sit here together, a rainbow, a coalition -- the sons and daughters of slavemasters and the sons and daughters of slaves, sitting together around a common table, to decide the direction of our party and our country. His heart would be full tonight.As a testament to the struggles of those who have gone before; as a legacy for those who will come after; as a tribute to the endurance, the patience, the courage of our forefathers and mothers; as an assurance that their prayers are being answered, that their work has not been in vain, and, that hope is eternal, tomorrow night my name will go into nomination for the Presidency of the United States of America.We meet tonight at the crossroads, a point of decision. Shall we expand, be inclusive, find unity and power; or suffer division and impotence?We've come to Atlanta, the cradle of the Old South, the crucible of the New South. Tonight, there is a sense of celebration, because we are moved, fundamentally moved from racial battlegrounds by law, to economic common ground. Tomorrow we'll challenge to move to higher ground.Common ground. Think of Jerusalem, the intersection where many trails met. A small village that became the birthplace for three great religions -- Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Why was this village so blessed? Because it provided a crossroads where different people met, different cultures, different civilizations could meet and find common ground. When people come together, flowers always flourish -- the air is rich with the aroma of a new spring.Take New York, the dynamic metropolis. What makes New York so special? It's the invitation at the Statue of Liberty, "Give me your tired, your poor, your huddled masses who yearn to breathe free." Not restricted to English only. Many people, many cultures, many languages with one thing in common: They yearn to breathe free. Common ground.Tonight in Atlanta, for the first time in this century, we convene in the South; a state where Governors once stood in school house doors; where Julian Bond was denied a seat in the State Legislature because of his conscientious objection to the Vietnam War;a city that, through its five Black Universities, has graduated more black students than any city in the world. Atlanta, now a modern intersection of the New South.Common ground. That's the challenge of our party tonight -- left wing, right wing.Progress will not come through boundless liberalism nor static conservatism, but at the critical mass of mutual survival -- not at boundless liberalism nor static conservatism, but at the critical mass of mutual survival. It takes two wings to fly. Whether you're a hawk or a dove, you're just a bird living in the same environment, in the same world.The Bible teaches that when lions and lambs lie down together, none will be afraid, and there will be peace in the valley. It sounds impossible. Lions eat lambs. Lambs sensibly flee from lions. Yet even lions and lambs find common ground. Why? Because neither lions nor lambs want the forest to catch on fire. Neither lions nor lambs want acid rain to fall. Neither lions nor lambs can survive nuclear war. If lions and lambs can find common ground, surely we can as well -- as civilized people.The only time that we win is when we come together. In 1960, John Kennedy, the late John Kennedy, beat Richard Nixon by only 112,000 votes -- less than one vote per precinct. He won by the margin of our hope. He brought us together. He reached out. He had the courage to defy his advisors and inquire about Dr. King's jailing in Albany, Georgia. We won by the margin of our hope, inspired by courageous leadership. In 1964, Lyndon Johnson brought both wings together -- the thesis, the antithesis, and the creative synthesis -- and together we won. In 1976, Jimmy Carter unified us again, and we won. When do we not come together, we never win. In 1968, the division and despair in July led to our defeat in November. In 1980, rancor in the spring and the summer led to Reagan in the fall. When we divide, we cannot win. We must find common ground as the basis for survival and development and change and growth.Today when we debated, differed, deliberated, agreed to agree, agreed to disagree, when we had the good judgment to argue a case and then not self-destruct, George Bush was just a little further away from the White House and a little closer to private life.Tonight, I salute Governor Michael Dukakis. He has run -- He has run a well-managed and a dignified campaign. No matter how tired or how tried, he always resisted the temptation to stoop to demagoguery.I've watched a good mind fast at work, with steel nerves, guiding his campaign out of the crowded field without appeal to the worst in us. I've watched his perspective grow as his environment has expanded. I've seen his toughness and tenacity close up. I know his commitment to public service. Mike Dukakis' parents were a doctor and a teacher; my parents a maid, a beautician, and a janitor. There's a great gap between Brookline, Massachusetts and Haney Street in the Fieldcrest Village housing projects in Greenville, South Carolina.He studied law; I studied theology. There are differences of religion, region, and race; differences in experiences and perspectives. But the genius of America is that out of the many we become one.Providence has enabled our paths to intersect. His foreparents came to America on immigrant ships; my foreparents came to America on slave ships. But whatever the original ships, we're in the same boat tonight.Our ships could pass in the night -- if we have a false sense of independence -- or they could collide and crash. We would lose our passengers. We can seek a high reality and a greater good. Apart, we can drift on the broken pieces of Reagonomics, satisfy our baser instincts, and exploit the fears of our people. At our highest, we can call upon noble instincts and navigate this vessel to safety. The greater good is the common good.As Jesus said, "Not My will, but Thine be done." It was his way of saying there's a higher good beyond personal comfort or position.The good of our Nation is at stake. It's commitment to working men and women, to the poor and the vulnerable, to the many in the world.With so many guided missiles, and so much misguided leadership, the stakes are exceedingly high. Our choice? Full participation in a democratic government, or more abandonment and neglect. And so this night, we choose not a false sense of independence, not our capacity to survive and endure. Tonight we choose interdependency, and our capacity to act and unite for the greater good.Common good is finding commitment to new priorities to expansion and inclusion. A commitment to expanded participation in the Democratic Party at every level. A commitment to a shared national campaign strategy and involvement at every level.A commitment to new priorities that insure that hope will be kept alive. A common ground commitment to a legislative agenda for empowerment, for the John Conyers bill -- universal, on-site, same-day registration everywhere. A commitment to D.C. statehood and empowerment -- D.C. deserves statehood. A commitment to economic set-asides, commitment to the Dellums bill for comprehensive sanctions against South Africa. A shared commitment to a common direction.Common ground.Easier said than done. Where do you find common ground? At the point of challenge. This campaign has shown that politics need not be marketed by politicians, packaged by pollsters and pundits. Politics can be a moral arena where people come together to find common ground.We find common ground at the plant gate that closes on workers without notice. We find common ground at the farm auction, where a good farmer loses his or her land to bad loans or diminishing markets. Common ground at the school yard where teachers cannot get adequate pay, and students cannot get a scholarship, and can't make a loan. Common ground at the hospital admittingroom, where somebody tonight is dying because they cannot afford to go upstairs to a bed that's empty waiting for someone with insurance to get sick. We are a better nation than that. We must do better.Common ground. What is leadership if not present help in a time of crisis? And so I met you at the point of challenge. In Jay, Maine, where paper workers were striking for fair wages; in Greenville, Iowa, where family farmers struggle for a fair price; in Cleveland, Ohio, where working women seek comparable worth; in McFarland, California, where the children of Hispanic farm workers may be dying from poisoned land, dying in clusters with cancer; in an AIDS hospice in Houston, Texas, where the sick support one another, too often rejected by their own parents and friends.Common ground. America is not a blanket woven from one thread, one color, one cloth. When I was a child growing up in Greenville, South Carolina and grandmamma could not afford a blanket, she didn't complain and we did not freeze. Instead she took pieces of old cloth -- patches, wool, silk, gabardine, crockersack -- only patches, barely good enough to wipe off your shoes with. But they didn't stay that way very long. With sturdy hands and a strong cord, she sewed them together into a quilt, a thing of beauty and power and culture. Now, Democrats, we must build such a quilt.Farmers, you seek fair prices and you are right -- but you cannot stand alone. Your patch is not big enough.Workers, you fight for fair wages, you are right -- but your patch labor is not big enough.Women, you seek comparable worth and pay equity, you are right -- but your patch is not big enough.Women, mothers, who seek Head Start, and day care and prenatal care on the front side of life, relevant jail care and welfare on the back side of life, you are right -- but your patch is not big enough.Students, you seek scholarships, you are right -- but your patch is not big enough.Blacks and Hispanics, when we fight for civil rights, we are right -- but our patch is not big enough.Gays and lesbians, when you fight against discrimination and a cure for AIDS, you are right -- but your patch is not big enough.Conservatives and progressives, when you fight for what you believe, right wing, left wing, hawk, dove, you are right from your point of view, but your point of view is not enough.But don't despair. Be as wise as my grandmamma. Pull the patches and the pieces together, bound by a common thread. When we form a great quilt of unity and common ground, we'll have the power to bring about health care and housing and jobs and education and hope to our Nation.We, the people, can win.We stand at the end of a long dark night of reaction. We stand tonight united in the commitment to a new direction. For almost eight years we've been led by those who view social good coming from private interest, who view public life as a means to increase private wealth. They have been prepared to sacrifice the common good of the many to satisfy the private interests and the wealth of a few.We believe in a government that's a tool of our democracy in service to the public, not an instrument of the aristocracy in search of private wealth. We believe in government with the consent of the governed, "of, for and by the people." We must now emerge into a new day with a new direction.Reaganomics: Based on the belief that the rich had too much money [sic] -- too little money and the poor had too much. That's classic Reaganomics. They believe that the poor had too much money and the rich had too little money,- so they engaged in reverse Robin Hood - took from the poor, gave to the rich, paid for by the middle class. We cannot stand four more years of Reaganomics in any version, in any disguise.。

《英语国家概况》复习题及参考答案一Multiple choice ( 30’)( ) 1 As a result of the Black Death, much land was left untended and there was a terrible shortage of ___ in England.A grainB farm toolsC housesD labor( ) 2 In the late 17th century, two of most famous literary works were Pilgrim’s Progress and _________ .A the Jew of MaltaB the School of ArcheryC Novum OrganumD Paradise Lost( ) 3. In 1836, a group of skilled workers and _____ formed the London Working Men’s Association.A householdersB tenantsC small shopkeepersD office workers( ) 4. In the Industrial Revolution, changes occurred earliest and quickest in the industry of ______.A. pottery B hardware C textiles D chemicals( ) 5. In Britain police officers are not allowed to join ________ or to go on strike.A a choirB a political partyC a trade unionD a club( ) 6 The Great Carter of 1215 is also known as _________.A People’s CharterB Magna CartaC King’s CharterD the Declaration of human rights( ) 7 Henry Ⅱwas the first king of the ________ dynasty.A MalcolmB PlantagenetC WindsorD Tudor( ) 8. __________ is the most typically English of sportsA CricketB GolfC TennisD Horse-racing( ) 9. By the Treaty of ______ of 1842, China ceded _______ to Britain.A Nanjing, Hong KongB Tianjing, Hong KongC Nanjing, MacauD Tianjing, Macau( ) 10. In _______, the name Great Britain came into being.A 1689B 1702C 1701D 1707( ) 11. The serious economic crisis in the late 1920s and the beginning of 1930s was first brought about by ___.A the farm failureB the bank failuresC the stock market crashD the high unemployment( ) 12．What are the problems that the U.S. economy has faced from time to time?A InflationB DepressionsC RecessionsD all of the above( ) 13．The real American literature began________.A after the war of IndependenceB after the Westward MovementC after the Civil WarD after the Civil Rights Movement( ) 14. In 1900, the United States ranked first in the production of ____ .A coalB electricityC oilD wheat( ) 15. In the United States, if the parents don’t send their children to school at certain age, ________ .A the state government will be responsible for itB they will educate the children themselvesC they can save a lot of moneyD they are breaking the law( ) 16. The U.S. and China established their diplomatic relations in _____.A 1974B 1972C 1978D 1979( ) 17 In his inaugural speech, ______ said that “the only thing we have to fear is fear itself.”A Woodrow WilsonB Theodore RooseveltC Franklin D. RooseveltD George Washington( ) 18. One of the characteristics of the American people is _______ and it is said they are always ______.A liberty, debatingB aggressiveness, starting warsC mobility, on the moveD greediness, making money( ) 19. Hemingway’s most famous masterpiece was ______.A The Sun Also RisesB A Farewell to ArmsC For Whom the Bell TollsD Old Man and the Sea( ) 20. The system of higher education in the U. S. has three principle functions except ____-.A teachingB researchC public serviceD individual servicefollowing statements are T (true) or F (false) according to what you have learned. (10’)( ) 1 There are three political divisions on the island of Great Britain: Scotland, Wales and England.( ) 2 Under William’s rule, the freeman were at the bottom of the feudal system.( ) 3 The English Civil War is also called the Glorious Revolution.( ) 4 In U.K, a Parliament has a maximum duration of 4 years.( ) 5 Christmas Day, December 25th, celebrates the birth of Christ, and is the greatest of Christian festivals. ( ) 6 Chicago is known as the automobile capital of the world.( ) 7 Between 1850 and1880, many early Chinese immigrants to the United States worked in the mining industry, especially in the gold mines.( ) 8 The Pilgrims built a colony named Plymouth after they arrived in America.( ) 9. The longest war that the United States has fought is the Civil War.( ) 10. Higher education in the U.S consists of six types of institutions.三Fill in the following blanks: (10’)1 In 1066, England was conquered by the _____________ who were led by William the Conqueror.2 The greatest writer in the English language is ____________________ .3 In criminal trials in Britain, the issue of guilt or innocence is to be decided by the ________ while sentence is to be passed by the _______________ .4 The dominant broadcasting corporation in Britain is ____________, which is controlled by the state.5 The most famous leader of the American Civil Rights movement in the 1960s was ______________________.6 The U.S. system of government has two layers of rule. They are the ___________ government and the ______ government.7. The National Day of the United States is ______.8 Between 1946 and 1961, more than 63 million babies were born in the United States, who were known as the ______________ generation.四Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. (30’)1 What is the official name of Britain?2 What were the main causes of the Hundred Years’War?3 What are the primary sources of British law?4 How was the 1920s in the United States described by many historians?5 What is the meaning of the “Lost Generation”?6. What were the two guiding principles underlying America diplomatic activities in World War Two?7. What are the three periods as far as the evolution the British economy since the Second World War is concerned?8. What kind of economic system does the United States have?9. Why is education very important to Americans?10. What does the British Parliament consist of?五Explain each of the following terms in English. ( 10’)1 Thanksgiving Day2 the Civil Rights Act of 1964六Write between 100-120 words on EITHER of the following topics. ( 10’)1. What is Thatcherism and what are the major components of Thatcherism?2.In what sense was the War of 1812 important to the development of the United States?参考答案一 1 DDCCC 6 BBAAD 11 CDAAD 16 DCCDD二 1 TFFFT 6 FTTFT三 1 Norman 2 Shakespeare 3 jury judge 4 BBC 5 Martin Luther King6 Federal State7 4, July8 baby boom四1 The official name of Britain is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Nortain Ireland.2 Tthe main causes of the Hundred Years’ War were partly territorial and partly economic.3 The primary sources of British law are: (1) Statutes of Parliament; (2) common law; (3) equity law; (4) European Community law.4 The 1920s in the United States has been described by many historians as a period of material success and spiritual frustration or confusion and purposelessness.5 The “Lost Generation refers to those who are both physically and spiritu ally impotent.6 The first was to win the war; the second was to establish a postwar political structure in accord with American interests and to prevent the Soviet Union from over-expansion.7 (1) Steady development in the 50s and 60s;(2) Economic recession in the 70s;(3) Economic recovery in the 80s.8 The United state has a free-market economy with a dominant private sector.9. Because it contributes to developing the national strength and personal success.10 The British Parliament consists of the Sovereign, the House of Lords and the House of Commons.五1 Thanksgiving Day is a typical American holiday. It is an annual day of thanks for the blessings people have enjoyed during the year. The theme of thanksgiving has been peace and plenty, health and happiness.2 The Civil Rights Act of 1964 It was signed into law by President Jonson in 1964. It outlawed discrimination not only in public housing, but also in employment on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. 六1：The election of 1979 returned the Conservative Party to power and Margaret Thatcher became the first woman prime minister in Britain. Her policies are popularly referred to as Thatcherism. It included:(1) the return to private ownership of state-owned industries;(2) the use of monetarist polices to control inflation;(3) the weakening of trade union;(4) the strengthening of the role market forces in the economy;(5) an emphasis on law and order.2 The war, however, had great impact on the development of the United States.（1）The war made people realize the importance of a strong national government.（2）The war strengthened the feeling of national unity and patriotism.（3）For almost 10 years after the war, the Americans turned their attention to the development of the western part of the continent.（4）It made both Britain and Unites States realize that their disputes should be solve through negotiation..Please write any three of the 13 colonies the British established along the east coast of North America between 1607 and 1733.。

介绍美国民权运动英语作文The civil rights movement in the United States was a pivotal moment in history. It was a time when people from all walks of life came together to fight for equality and justice. It was a time when brave individuals stood up against oppression and discrimination. The civil rights movement was a powerful force for change, and it paved the way for a more inclusive and just society.The leaders of the civil rights movement were courageous and determined. They faced violence, intimidation, and even death, but they never wavered in their commitment to justice. Their actions inspired millions of people to join the fight for civil rights. The civil rights movement was a grassroots movement, driven by ordinary people who were tired of being treated as second-class citizens. It was a movement that brought together people of all races, backgrounds, and beliefs, united in their desire for a better world.The civil rights movement was marked by powerful acts of resistance and protest. From sit-ins to marches to boycotts, people across the country took a stand against injustice. They demanded an end to segregation, discrimination, and violence. They demanded equal rights and equal opportunities for all. The civil rights movement was a loud and clear message to the world that change was coming, and that justice would prevail.The legacy of the civil rights movement is still felt today. It paved the way for landmark legislation such as the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965. It inspired future generations to continue the fight for justice and equality. The civil rights movement was a turning point in American history, and its impact can still be seen in the ongoing struggle for civil rights and social justice.In conclusion, the civil rights movement was a defining moment in American history. It was a time of courage, determination, and unity. It was a time when people came together to fight for a better future for all. The civilrights movement was a powerful force for change, and its legacy continues to inspire us to this day.。

2024届浙江省诸暨市暨阳中学全国高三大联考英语试题考生请注意：1．答题前请将考场、试室号、座位号、考生号、姓名写在试卷密封线内，不得在试卷上作任何标记。

2．第一部分选择题每小题选出答案后，需将答案写在试卷指定的括号内，第二部分非选择题答案写在试卷题目指定的位置上。

3．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。

考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Have you got these jeans in ________ larger size? This pair is a bit too small around ________ waist.A．a; the B．/; theC．the; / D．a; a2．With your brother’s help, I’ve made great progress in English and I really want to do something for him ____．A．in turn B．by turns C．in return D．in answer3．Everyone in th e village hoped that he would ______ after a few days’ treatment.A．pick up B．come up C．keep up D．make up4．---I don’t understand why Catherine stopped short _____ she ought to have continued.---It’s obvious that she lacked self-confidence.A．when B．whileC．if D．as5．I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.A．That B．Which C．Whether D．What6．For the Chinese dream ______ at an earlier date, we must accelerate the pace of reform and opening up.A．being realized B．to realizeC．realizing D．to be realized7．Julia has got a pretty _ deal—she was laid off just for being late once!A．rough B．toughC．illegal D．mean8．---Turn off the TV, Jack. Your homework now?---Mum, just ten more minutes, please.A．Should you be doingB．Couldn’t you be doingC．Shouldn’t you be doingD．Will you be doing9．This kind of glasses made by experienced craftsmen _________ comfortably.A．is worn B．wears C．wearing D．are worn10．That’s why I help brighten people’s days. If you ________, who’s to say that another person will?A．didn’t B．don’tC．weren’t D．haven’t11．A man can fail many times, he is a real failure when he begins to blame someone else.A．but B．or C．and D．so12．— May I go out to play basketball, Mum?—________ Do what you like.A．Go ahead! B．Y ou’ve got it.C．It’s your turn. D．Not at all!13．With the development of science, more new technology ______ to the fields of IT.A．has introduced B．is being introducedC．is introduced D．was introduced14．Andrew lives alone and enjoys the company of a pet cat _______ he’s grown so fond.A．which B．in whichC．of which D．when15．Everything was placed exactly ________ he wanted it for the graduation ceremony.A．the place where B．whenC．where D．in which16．Every four years Americans __________ the transfer of power.A．carry over B．carry offC．carry on D．carry out17．The professor _____about how to protect the endangered animal in the conference at this time tomorrow. A．talked B．talks C．has been talking D．will be talking18．—I have been considering cancelling the project because it seems hard to go farther.—But it's too early to________ now. There's still much hope.A．pick up the pieces B．throw in the towelC．go through your paces D．jump down your throat19．I ______ football since I left university.A．didn’t play B．don’t playC．won’t play D．haven’t played20．The lady standing over there may be from the USA, _____ I guess has lost her way.A．whom B．whoC．which D．where第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

美国民权运动Civil Rights Movement，United States第二次世界大战后美国黑人反对种族隔离与歧视，争取民主权利的群众运动。

战后头10年，美国黑人争取平等自由的运动只限于由美国全国有色人种协进会在法院进行的斗争。

1954 年5月17日，美国最高法院为改变美国在国际上的形象，就布朗控诉托布卡教育委员会一案作出判决：公立学校所实行的种族隔离教育是不平等的，违反《宪法第14条修正案》。

1955 年12月1日，亚拉巴马州蒙哥马利城黑人R.帕克斯夫人在公共汽车上拒绝让座给白人，被捕入狱。

在青年黑人牧师M.L.金的领导下，全城5万黑人团结一致，罢乘公共汽车达一年之久，终于迫使汽车公司取消种族隔离制。

1957年，金牧师及其支持者组成南方基督教领袖会议，将运动深入到南部生活的各个领域。

1958年南方21个主要城市组织集会，发动黑人争取公民权利。

1960年2月1日，北卡罗来纳州格林斯伯勒城4个黑人大学生进入一餐馆，白人服务员命令他们走开，他们静坐不动。

这一英勇行为立刻得到南部广大黑人学生响应，发展为大规模静坐运动，迫使近200 个城市的餐馆取消隔离制。

1961 年 5 月初，种族平等大会又开展自由乘客运动。

不久，在学生非暴力协调委员会参与下，得到许多白人支持，逐渐发展为全国性运动，迫使南部诸州取消州际公共汽车乘坐上的种族隔离制。

1963年3月，金牧师等人在南部种族隔离极严重的伯明翰组织示威游行，要求取消全城隔离制。

示威群众受到残酷镇压，但由于金牧师的坚持和美国联邦政府被迫进行干预，该城种族隔离制全部被取消。

伯明翰事件后，民权运动队伍迅速扩大。

1963年8月28日组织25万人(其中1／4为白人)向华盛顿进军，要求就业，要求“立即自由”。

另外，有些城市黑人还开展以暴力对付暴力的斗争。

1964年迫使L.B.约翰逊总统签署了《民权法》。

但南部诸州仍采用各种手法阻止黑人选民登记。

于是，金牧师等在种族主义非常猖獗的亚拉巴马州塞尔马市进行黑人选民登记运动，并于1965年3月冒着被殴打、杀害的危险由塞尔马向州首府蒙哥马利进军，最后参加人数达15万。