东营中考英语试题及答案
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东营初中英语试题及答案一、选择题(每题2分,共20分)1. Which of the following words is spelled correctly?A. beautfulB. beautifulC. beatifulD. beutiful答案:B2. The teacher asked the students to ________ the new words in their notebooks.A. write downB. write upC. write offD. write in答案:A3. He is ________ to go to the concert tonight.A. enough excitedB. excited enoughC. enough excitedlyD. excitedly enough答案:B4. She ________ her homework yesterday.A. finishB. finishedC. finishingD. will finish答案:B5. The book is ________ interesting ________ I can't put it down.A. too; toB. so; thatC. very; thatD. quite; to答案:B6. ________ the weather is fine, we can go for a picnic.A. BecauseB. IfC. UnlessD. Though答案:B7. There ________ a lot of people in the park.A. isB. areC. haveD. has答案:B8. The boy ________ his bike and hurt himself.A. fell offB. fell ofC. fell downD. fell from答案:A9. She ________ her mother with the housework.A. helpB. helpsC. helpedD. helping答案:C10. ________ the help of the teacher, I passed the exam.A. WithB. InC. ForD. Under答案:A二、填空题(每题1分,共10分)1. My brother is ________ (tall) than I am.答案:taller2. The ________ (final) exam will be held next week.答案:final3. She is ________ (interest) in music.答案:interested4. He ________ (not go) to school yesterday because he was ill.答案:didn't go5. There ________ (be) some milk in the fridge.答案:is6. The ________ (two) books on the shelf are mine.答案:two7. ________ (luck), he won the first prize in the competition. 答案:Luckily8. She ________ (not finish) her homework yet.答案:hasn't finished9. I ________ (be) to the Great Wall twice.答案:have been10. ________ (no) one can do it better than you.答案:No三、阅读理解(每题2分,共20分)阅读下面的短文,然后回答后面的问题。
2017年东营市初中学业水平考试英语试题第 I 卷(选择题 , 共 65 分)―、听力选择(共15小题,计15分;每小题约有 8秒钟的答题时间), 每个句子听两遍 , 然后从每小题 A 、 B 、 C 中选出能对每个句子 1. A. That ' s rig.ht2. A. Have a goodtrip.3. A. Never mind.4. A. Really?5. A. That 's terrib.leB. Nice to meet you. B. I don ' t think .so B. With pleasure. B. Thank you. B. That ' s fi.ne 6. How does the man feel?A. Angry.B. Excited.7. What are they talking about?A. Hobbies.B. Flowers.8. How does Lingling learn English?A. By learning English grammar.B. By memorizing words and expressions.C. By listening to tapes.9. How much did Tina pay for the cotton dress?A. 40 dollars.B. 60 dollars.10. Where are they talking?A. On a train.B. In a railway station.C. At the lost and found office.(三)录音中有一段对话 , 听对话两遍后 , 从每小题A 、 确答案。
(录音播放前你有 30 秒钟的读题时间)11. How many kinds of summer camps do they have?A. One.B. Two.12. Where will the children sleep?A. On a boat.B. Out the house.C. In a tent or a wooden house.13. Why are there only 8 students in a group? With a small groupsize ,A. they can take good care of the studentsB. they can offer students the chance to make new friendsC. students can learn useful outdoor skills easily14. What activities do they plan?A. Going for walks along the river.B. Climbing mountains.C. Swimming in lakes.15. How much will the girl spend on the summer camp?(二)录音中有五组对话 确答案。
义务教育基础课程初中教学资料山东省东营市英语试卷一、单选题(共20小题)1.Good news! We'll have____one-day holiday in order to celebrate the 70th annzversary(纪念日)of the victory in World War II.A.a B.an C.the D./2.When is th.e World Book and Copyrig'h,t Day(世界读书日)?It's____23 April.A.in B.at C.on D.during3.We can't make a sandwich without _________A.bread B.onionsC.yogurt D.tomatoes4.Ta_ri Apps(打车软件)can help us travel around more easily.____more and more people like using them.A.Or B.So C.And D.But5.On snowy days,a driver must drive as____as possible.A.fast B.slowlyC.wisely D.carefully6.Whose iPhone 6+is it?I'm looking for it here and there.A.I B.Me C.Mine D.Myself7.I love the air it rains because it smells fresh.A.since B.afterC.before D.whenever8. interesting TV program 6/Running Man" is ! I watch it every week.A.How B.Wh atC.What a D.What an9.Which way do you prefer, reading online or reading on paper?Sometimes I read online, sometimes I read on paper.A.Both B.NoneC.Either D.Neither10.It is a world of flowers in spring in Dongying. You can see flowers______ A.here B.thereC.somewhere D.everywhere11.Police: What's in your wallet?Owner: There some money and two tickets for today's e-sports competition.A.is B.was C.are D.were12.Drinking alcoh.ol ( 白酒) can be______ your brains. So people in China aren't allowed to drink it if they are younger than 18.A.good at B.good withC.harmful to D.thirsty for13. is it from your new neighborhood to Dongying Lotus (雪莲) Theatre?About twenty minutes' ride.A.How far B.How longC.How much D.How soon14.It is reported that nearly foreign kids joined a British boarding school last year, and a third of them came from China.A.nine thousand B.nine thousandsC.nine thousand of D.nine thousands of15.This apple watch is expensive. Do you have any ones7Yes, Madam. Look, this one is¥4188, and that one costs only¥2588.A.cheap B.cheaperC.cheapest D.the cheapest16.Could you please teach me _ to give out "Red enve/ope"(红包) on WeChat? Sure.Let me show you.A.how B.why C.when D.where17.Everyone should have dreams. With dreams and hard work, anything amazing can be_____A.met B.createdC.expected D.practiced18.Girl: I'm____ the trip which we can go whenever we want to go.Boy: You'll take me, and I'll take the money.A.taking part in B.taking care ofC.looking back at D.looking forward to19.The actions and words of celebrities(名人)can have a great because many people may follow them.So they should pay more attention to their behavior and speech.A.change B.surpriseC.progress D.influence20.Chris wants to know____"truth.or dare(真心话大冒险游戏)”at your birthday party.Yes.But if he doesn't like it, we'll play guessing games instead.A.who will play B.whether we playedC.if we will play D.why we are going to play二、阅读理解(共5小题)21.阅读下列短文,然后从每小题A.B.C.D四个选项中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。
二〇二二年东营市初中学业水平考试英语注意事项:1.本试题包括第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分。
第Ⅰ卷为选择题,65分;第Ⅱ卷为非选择题,55分,共120分。
2.答题前请务必将姓名、准考证号和座号填写在试卷和答题卡相应位置上。
考试结束后, 试卷和答题卡一并收回。
3.答题前请务必认真阅读答题卡上的注意事项,试题答案必须填涂或填写在答题卡的相应位置。
4.听力填表题为第Ⅱ卷的第四大题。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题,共65分)一、听力选择(共15小题,计15分;每小题约有8秒钟的答题时间)(一)录音中有五个句子,每个句子听两遍,然后从每小题A、B、C中选出能对每个句子做出适当反应的答语。
1.A. Is that Tony? B. It’s Tony. C. I am sorry to hear that.2.A. Yes, please. B. No, thanks. C. Sure, here you are.3.A. He’s tall. B. He likes running. C. He’s a teacher.4.A. Good idea. B. Goodbye. C. No way.5.A. OK, I will. B. Well done. C. Never mind.(二)录音中有五组对话,听对话两遍后,从每小题A、B、C中选出能回答所给问题的正确答案。
6.What did the boy buy for his father?A. A card.B. A football.C. A book.7.Which tie is the man probably going to choose?A. The red one.B. The black one.C. The blue one.8.How long did Lucy use to finish the exam?A. Two hours.B. An hour.C. Half an hour.9.Who can play the guitar?A. Mike.B. Helen.C. Both Mike and Helen. 10.What’s the matter with the woman?A. She has a sore throat.B. She has a fever.C. She has a cold.(三)录音中有一段对话,听对话两遍后,从每小题A、B、C中选出能回答所给问题的正确答案。
山东省东营市2024年中考英语真题姓名:__________ 班级:__________考号:__________分) 1.I am ____ child in my family. I have an elder brother and a younger sister.A.one B.the first C.the second D.the third2.—Mom, which club should I choose, the art club or the science club?—It's up to ____. Just follow your heart.A.me B.us C.you D.them3.Jenny, you have ____ a lot, much thinner and more hardworking than before.A.done B.changed C.learned D.practiced4.—It is my first time taking a vacation in Dongying.—Me too. ____ here is so nice. I love the city.A.Nothing B.Anything C.Something D.Everything5.Too much sugar can ____ your health. So eat less sugar.A.be good with B.be harmful toC.be thirsty for D.be different from6.—According to the book The Brain Science of Exam, your brain is more active when you are hungry.—Interesting! So in order to remember things better, we can study before ____.A.meals B.exams C.sleep D.exercise7.Jack: When it thunders (打雷), why do we see lightning (闪电) first, then hear thunder?Tom: Because our eyes are ____ ears. Ha-ha! Just a joke!A.before B.opposite C.between D.beside8.—Dr. Know, I can't keep my son away from the screen. What should I do?—By doing creative activities with him, he may not ____ the screen too much.A.call on B.pay for C.depend on D.believe in9.Today AI technology is developing ____ we can imagine. Nobody knows what will happen tomorrow.A.much faster than B.as fast asC.more slowly than D.as slowly as10.—Do you know ____?—20-30 minutes, the experts suggest.A.what we should eat for a mealB.where we should eat a mealC.why we should not eat a meal too quicklyD.how long we should spend eating a meal二、阅读理解,阅读下列短文,然后从每小题A、B、C、D四个选项中选出就回答所提问题或完成所給句子的最佳答案。
二O一五年东营市初中学生学业考试英语试题(总分1 20分考试时间1 20分钟)第I卷(选择题,共65分)一、听力选择(共15小题,计15分;每小题约有8秒钟的答题时间)(一)录音中有五个句子,每个句子听两遍,然后从每小题A.B.C中选出能对每个句子做出适当反应的答语。
1. A. All right. B.No problem. C.Have another try.2. A. Yes, please. B.Not at all. C.It doesn't matter.3. A. Don't mention it. B.That's a good idea. C.What a pity! I'll be busy that day.4. A. Sounds great. B.You're welcome. C.I like it very much.5. A.1 agree with you. B.It's very kind of you. C.I'm afraid I can't.(二)录音中有五组对话,听对话两遍后,从每小题A.B.C中选出能回答所给问题的正确答案。
6. What does the woman want to drink?A. TeaB.CoffeeC.Orange juice7. What's the relationship between the two speakers?A. Husband and wifeB.Doctor and patientC.Sh.o p-assistant(店员)and customer8. Wh en does the mall close at weekends?____A. At 9:00 a.m.B.At 9:30 p.m.C.At 10:00 p.m.9. Where will they have dinner?A. At homeB.In a restaurantC.In a fast food shop10. What does the gir l want to do in Australia?A. Have a tripB.Visit someoneC. Study for a university degree(三)录音中有一段对话,听对话两遍后,从每小题A.B.C中选出能回答所给问题的正确答案。
山东省东营市中考英语试题及答案山东省东营市中考英语试题及答案第Ⅰ卷 (选择题,共65分)一、听力选择(共15小题,计15分;每小题约有8秒钟的答题时间)(一)录音中有五个句子,每个句子听两遍,然后从每小题A、B、C中选出能对每个句子做出适当反应的答语。
1.A. Is that Tony?B. Its Tony.C. I am sorry to hear that.2. A. Yes, please.B. No, thanks.C. Sure, here you are.3. A. Hes tall.B. He likes running.C. Hes a teacher.4. A. Good idea.B. Goodbye.C. No way.5. A. OK, I will.B. Well done.C. Never mind.(二) 录音中有五组对话,听对话两遍后,从每小题A、B、C中选出能回答所给问题的正确答案。
6. What did the boy buy for his father?A. A card.B. A football.C. A book.7. Which tie is the man probably going to choose?A. The red one.B. The black one.C. The blue one.8. How long did Lucy use to finish the exam?A. Two hours.B. An hour.C. Half an hour.9. Who can play the guitar?A. Mike.B. Helen.C. Both Mike and Helen.10. Whats the matter with the woman?A. She has a sore throat.B. She has a fever.C. She has a cold.(三) 录音中有一段对话,听对话两遍后,从每小题A、B、C中选出能回答所给问题的正确答案。
东营英语中考试题及答案一、听力理解(共20分)A. 听句子,选择最佳答案(每题1分,共5分)1. A) In the morning. B) In the afternoon. C) In the evening.2. A) By bus. B) By bike. C) On foot.3. A) To buy a book. B) To see a doctor. C) To visit a friend.4. A) $20. B) $15. C) $10.5. A) Warm. B) Cold. C) Cool.B. 听对话,选择最佳答案(每题2分,共10分)6. What is the weather like today?A) Sunny. B) Rainy. C) Cloudy.7. What does the man want to do?A) Go to the cinema. B) Go to the library. C) Go to the park.8. How does the woman feel?A) Tired. B) Thirsty. C) Hungry.9. What is the relationship between the two speakers?A) Teacher and student. B) Husband and wife. C) Friends.10. What time does the train leave?A) At 9:00. B) At 9:30. C) At 10:00.C. 听短文,完成信息记录(每题2分,共5分)11. Name of the place: ________12. Number of visitors: ________13. Reason for the visit: ________14. Date of the visit: ________15. Weather condition: ________二、阅读理解(共30分)A. 阅读短文,选择最佳答案(每题2分,共10分)短文一:There was once a farmer who had a very lazy son. One day, the farmer decided to teach his son a lesson. He told his son to go to the market and sell the cow. The son agreed and went to the market. However, instead of selling the cow, he sold it for a very low price and spent the money on himself.16. Why did the farmer send his son to the market?A) To buy a cow. B) To sell the cow. C) To visit a friend.17. What did the son do with the money?A) He saved it. B) He spent it. C) He lost it.18. How did the farmer feel about his son's actions?A) Proud. B) Disappointed. C) Indifferent.短文二:Last weekend, I went to the beach with my family. The weather was perfect, and we had a great time swimming and playing in the sand. In the evening, we had a barbecue and watched the sunset together. It was a wonderful day.19. What did the author do last weekend?A) Went to the beach. B) Visited a museum. C) Went to a concert.20. What was the weather like?A) Hot and humid. B) Cold and windy. C) Cool and sunny.21. What did the author and his family do in the evening?A) Watched a movie. B) Had a barbecue. C) Played games.B. 阅读理解填空(每题1分,共10分)短文三:I am a high school student. My name is Tom. I have a dream, which is to become a scientist. I study very hard every day.I believe that one day my dream will come true.22. What is the writer's name?23. What is the writer's dream?24. How does the writer study?25. What does the writer believe about his dream?C. 阅读理解回答问题(每题3分,共10分)短文四:My favorite season is autumn. The weather is neither too hot nor too cold. I love the colorful leaves and the smell of fresh air. I also enjoy the harvest festival, where I can taste all kinds of delicious fruits and vegetables.26. What is the writer's favorite season?27. Why does the writer like autumn?28. What does the writer like about autumn leaves?29. What festival does the writer enjoy in autumn?三、语言知识运用(共20分)A. 完形填空(每题1分,共10分)Once upon a time, there was a little girl. She was very kind and loved to help others. One day, she saw an old man30._____ on the street. She quickly 31._____ to help him. Theold man was very thankful and gave her a gift.30. A) crying B) laughing C) sleeping31。
二O一一年东营市初中学生学业考试英语试题一、听力选择(共15小题,计15分;每小题约有8秒钟的答题时间)(一)录音中有五个句子,每个句子读两遍,然后从每小题A、B、C中国选出能对每个句子做出适当反应的答语。
1. A. That's OK. B. All right. C. Don't mention it.2. A. It's a pleasure. B. The same to you. C. Thank you. It's lovely.3. A. Yes, I'd love to. B. It's very kind of you. C. That's all right.4. A. Don't worry! B. It doesn't matter. C. OK. I'll take your advice.5. A. Yes, of course. B. Of course not. C. Never mind.(二)录音中有五组对话,听对话两遍后,从每小题A、B、C中国选出能能回答问题的正确答案。
6. What is Mike allowed to do on weekends?A. Go hiking.B. Go camping.C. See films at home.7. What are the two speakers talking about?A. A new bike.B. A Christmas party.C. Lucy's parents.8. What is Kate's father worried about?A. Kate won't get a good job.B. Kate doesn't have enough money.C. Kate won't have enough time for her study.9. How may the man go to the airport?A. By bus.B. By taxi.C. By subway.10. When can Jerry meet Mr Black?A. Next Friday.B. Next Thursday.C. Next Wednesday.(三)录音中有一段对话,听对话两遍后,从每小题A、B、C中国选出能能回答问题的正确答案。
(总分120分考试时间 120分钟)注意事项:1.本试题分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分。
第Ⅰ卷为选择题,65分;第Ⅱ卷为非选择题,55分;共120分。
2.答题前请务必将姓名、准考证号和座号填写在试卷和答题卡相应位置上, 考试结束后,试卷和答题卡一并收回。
3.答题前请务必认真阅读答题卡上的注意事项,试题答案必须填涂或填写在答题卡上相应位置。
4.听力填表题为第Ⅱ卷的第四大题。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题,共65分)一、听力选择(共15小题,计15分;每小题约有8秒钟的答题时间)(一)录音中有五个句子,每个句子听两遍,然后从每小题A、B、C中选出能对每个句子做出适当反应的答语。
1. A. Best wishes. B. No problem. C. OK. Hope to see youagain.2. A. It’s a pleasure. B. It’s very kind of you. C. I’m happy you like it.3. A. No way. B. Why not? C. Sorry, I won’t do it again.4. A. Thank you, I will. B. Don’t say so. C. I agree.5. A. Good idea. B. All right. C. Yes, I’d l ove to.(二)录音中有五组对话,听对话两遍后,从每小题A、B、C中选出能回答所给问题的正确答案。
6.When can people go to the bookshop?A. At any time.B. After 8:30 in the morning.C. Before 9:00 in the evening.7. Why did Jane cry?A. Because her dad woke her up.B. Because a wolf ran after her.C. Because she had a terrible dream.8. What’s the relationship between the two speakers?A. Husband and wife.B.Teacher and student.C. Brother and sister.9. What wasn’t the man satisfied(满意的)with Dongying?A. The people.B. The environment.C. The public transportation service.10. What size shoes will the man take?A. Small size.B. Large size.C. Size 10. (三)录音中有一段对话,听对话两遍后,从每小题A、B、C中选出能回答所给问题的正确答案。
开考前秘密试卷类型 A二〇一八年东营市初中学业水平考试英语试题(总分120分考试时间120分钟)注意事项:1.本试题分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分。
第Ⅰ卷为选择题,65分;第Ⅱ卷为非选择题,55分;共120分。
2.答题前请务必将姓名、准考证号和座号填写在试卷和答题卡相应位置上, 考试结束后,试卷和答题卡一并收回。
3.答题前请务必认真阅读答题卡上的注意事项,试题答案必须填涂或填写在答题卡上相应位置。
4.听力填表题为第Ⅱ卷的第四大题。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题,共65分)一、听力选择(共15小题,计15分;每小题约有8秒钟的答题时间)(一)录音中有五个句子,每个句子听两遍,然后从每小题A、B、C中选出能对每个句子做出适当反应的答语。
1. A. Best wishes. B. No problem. C. OK. Hope to see you again.2. A. It’s a pleasure. B. It’s very kind of you. C. I’m happy you like it.3. A. No way. B. Why not? C. Sorry, I won’t do it again.4. A. Thank you, I will. B. Don’t say so. C. I agree.5. A. Good idea. B. All right. C. Y es, I’d l ove to.(二)录音中有五组对话,听对话两遍后,从每小题A、B、C中选出能回答所给问题的正确答案。
6.When can people go to the bookshop?A. At any time.B. After 8:30 in the morning.C. Before 9:00 in the evening.7. Why did Jane cry?A. Because her dad woke her up.B. Because a wolf ran after her.C. Because she had a terrible dream.8. What’s the relationship between the two speakers?A. Husband and wife.B.Teacher and student.C. Brother and sister.9. What wasn’t the man satisfied(满意的)with Dongying?A. The people.B. The environment.C. The public transportation service.10. What size shoes will the man take?A. Small size.B. Large size.C. Size 10.(三)录音中有一段对话,听对话两遍后,从每小题A、B、C中选出能回答所给问题的正确答案。
(录音播放前你有30秒钟的读题时间)Notes: barbershop [ˈbɑ:bəˌʃɑp] n. 理发店haircut [ˈhεəˌkʌt] n. 理发11. What are they talking about?A. The homeless men.B. Mr. Jones’ barbershop.C. Mr. Jones’ good deeds (事迹).12. When did he begin to help the homeless men?A. In January, 2017.B. In the autumn of 2017.C. In November, 2017.13. What did Mr. Jones do for the homeless people?A. He offered free haircuts and told them stories.B. He talked about them and listened to their stories.C. He offered free haircuts and gave some useful advice to them.14. Did all the homeless people accept his offer at last?A. Yes, they did.B. No, but most of them accepted it.C. No, only a few of them accepted it.15. Where did Mr. Jones cut the hair for the homeless men?A. On the street.B. In his barbershop.C. First on the street, then in the barbershop.(注意:请同学们翻到第Ⅱ卷第四大题,继续做听力填表题。
)二、单项选择(共20小题,计20分)从每小题A、B、C、D中选出一个能填入句中空白处的最佳答案。
16. According to _______ rule made in 2017, some kinds of dogs mustn’t be kept since May 1st, 2018 in Dongying.A. aB. anC. theD. /17. -- do you like the Double Eleven Shopping Festival?-- I don’t like it because my mother often buys a lot of things we don’t need.A. HowB. WhyC. WhenD. Where18. There six countries in SCO(上合组织) at first, but now the number has increased to eight.A. isB. areC. wereD. will be19. -- Let’s see what food you’ve got for dinner.-- Look, we have mutton, fish, eggs, tomatoes and .A. milkB. breadC. coffeeD. juice20. The Chinese Skyeye and High-speed Train interest people a lot because of them are leading the world in science and technology.A. bothB. eachC. eitherD. neither21. The 119 passengers are Liu Chuanjian. Without him, they would probably have lost their lives.A. hard onB. thankful toC. friendly toD. responsible for22. -- I’ve tr ied hard at my schoolwork but still .--Don’t be upset. Sometimes losing is only a sign that you really tried.A. failedB. worriedC. improvedD. succeeded23. -- What’s the English word for the Chinese food jiaozi?-- You can say “jiaozi”. It has been added to the Oxford English Dictionary.A. justB. evenC. stillD. hardly24. -- Hi, Li Mei. How is your new school?-- Fantastic. We can choose the courses according to our . I love operas, so I took the Beijing Opera class.A. gradesB. talentsC. interestsD. experiences25. --What a mess! The sharing bikes are thrown everywhere.--Let’s collect and put them in the right place they can be used conveniently.A. u nlessB. so thatC. becauseD. so long as26. -- The government is trying to protect the environment now.-- Yeah. It is reported that some factories will be soon.A. set upB. shut offC. given upD. turned off27. Because it might encourage teenagers to try smoking, Sina Weibo the “smoking”emoji ( ).A. cut upB. took downC. gave awayD. found out28. We asked 1,000 students from Hope Middle School about what kind of books they love. Here are the results.According to the pie chart above, of the students love science books.A. ten percentB. fifteen per centC. a quarterD. half29. -- Jack, the Maldives(马尔代夫) may because of the rising sea levels.-- God! Let’s do something to stop that happening.A. riseB. moveC. growD. disappear30. Patient: 500 yuan for pulling a tooth? It’s only a couple of minutes’ work.Doctor: Well, I can do it if you like.A. quietlyB. more slowlyC. less carefullyD. as quickly as I can31. –It is said that children in South Korea have to hike and walk through mountains at nighttheir military(军事的) training.--Really? So their training is much harder than ours.A. afterB. sinceC. duringD. before32. --An American boy made a wheelchair for his wounded goldfish.--Well done! Animals deserve (应该得到) love and good as humans.A. lifeB. chanceC. luckD. environment33. –Good news! You’ve passed the PE test.--Hooray! , I am worrying about it.A. All in allB. To be honestC. Without doubtD. In my opinion34. -- Do you love the poems by Li Qingzhao?-- Yes, a little. But I prefer those by Du Fu because can cheer me up.A. itB. heC. sheD. they35. -- Look, how wonderful this paper-cutting is!-- So it is. Paper cutting is a/an Chinese art with a long history.A. commonB. modernC. importantD. traditional三、阅读理解(共20小题,计30分)阅读下列短文,然后从每小题A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。