英语专四词汇常考词缀：后缀（改词性保词义）名词后缀1)-or/er/ess/crat/cis做某件事情或职业的人或或物: worker, debtor , actress, democrat2)-acy表示“性质,状态,境遇”democracy, accuracy, diplomacy3)ance、-ence表示”性质,状况,行为,过程,总量,程度”Importance，diligence, difference. obedience4)-ancy , -ency表示“性质,状态,行为,过过程”frequency, urgency，efficiency5)-bility表示“动作,性质,状态”possibility, flexibility, feasibility6)-dom表示“等级,领域,状态”freedom, kingdom, wisdom7)-hood表示“资格,身份,年纪,状态”childhood, manhood, falsehood8)-ion,-sion,-tion,- ation,- Ition表示“行为的过程,结果,状况”action，solution, conclusion, destruction expression. correction9)-ism表示“制度,主义,学说,信仰,行为”socialism, criticism，colloquialism, heroism10)-ity表示“性质,状态,程度”purity, reality, ability, calamity11)-ment表示“行为,状态,过程,手段及其结果”treatment, movement，judgment, punishment, argument12)-ness表示示“性质,状态,程程度”goodness, kindness. tiredness，friendliness13)-ship表示“情况,性质,技巧,技能及身份,职业”hardship，membership, friendship14)-th表示“动作,性质,过程,状态”depth, wealth, truth, length, growth15)-tude表示“性质,状态,程度”latitude, altitude(海拔)16)-ure表示“行为,结果”exposure, pressure, failure, procedure(手续)17)-grapy表示“……学,写法”biography, calligraphy, geography18)-ic,ics表示“……学，……法”logic, mechanics, electronics, linguistics19)-ology表示“…学,…论”biology, zoology, technology(工艺学)20)-nomy表示“……学……术”astronomy，economy，bionomy(生态学)21)-age 状态、行为、集合shortage, baggage;22)-al动作、人、事物refusal, professional形容词后缀1)-able, -ible: visible, flexible2)名词-ish: foolish, bookish. selfish3)-Ive: active, sensitive, productive4)-like: manlike, childlike5)名词-y: manly, fatherly, scholarly, motherly6)-some: troublesome, handsome7)-ful: beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful8)-ous: dangerous, generous, courageous, various9)-ent: violent10)-most: foremost, topmost11)-less,表示否定: countless. stainless, wireless12)-ary, -ory与……相关的imaginary, obligatory;13)-ed有……的wooded, pleased;14)-en有……质的，似……的wooden, golden;15)-free免于……的carefree, duty-free;动词后缀1)-ize, ise,表示“做成,变成,…化”modernize, mechanize, democratize, organize2)-en,表示“使成为,引起,使有”quicken, weaken, soften, harden3)-fy,表示“使…化,使成”beautify, purify, intensify, signify, simplify4)-ish,表示“使,令”finish, abolish, diminish, establish5)-ate,表示“成为……,处理,作用”separate, operate, indicate副词后缀1)(形容词)-ly：bad →badly恶劣地,careful →carefully小心地2)-wise(OE)：clock →clockwise(a./adv.)顺时针方向的(地)like-> likewise同样地3)- wards：out →outwards向外地north →northwards向北方地常用前缀（改词义也可能改变词性）1.anti-反、抗、对立antisocial, antibody;2.auto-自己/动的autobiography, autonomous;3.be-使得、视作become, belittle;4.bi-两，双面bilingual, bimonthly;5.centi-百century, centigrade;6.co-共同，联合coordinate, cooperate;7.con-,col-,com-,cor-与、和、共、全colleague, combination, conform, coordinate;8.contra-相反、针对contradiction,contrary;9.counter-反、逆对、等counteract, counterpart10.de-取消、脱离、向下decline, departure;11.dis-否定、除去discriminate, disorder;12.en(m)-使成为、使进入enable, enclose;13.ex-向外、出自、超出、离开exceed, exclude14.extra-越出、超过extraordinary, extreme;15.fore-前面、预先forehead, forecast;16.in(m)-,il-,ir-不，无，非illegal, important;17.in-在……里，内部inclusive, indoor;18.inter-互相、在……中间interaction, intervene;19.intra(o)-内部、向内introduce, introvert20.macro-大的、宏观的macroeconomics;21.mal-坏、恶、不良maltreat, malnutrition22.micro-微小的、微量的microphone, microwave;23.mid-中部、当中midland, midwife;24.mini-极小的、极短的minibus, minimum;25.mis-错、不当、相反misery, mismatch26.mono-一、单一的monotonous, monopoly;27.multi-多倍的multiple, multitude;28.non-非、无、不nonsense, non-stop;29.out-超出、在外outstanding, outlive;30.over-在上面、越过overwhelming, overtake;31.poly-多，众polysyllable, polytechnic;32.post-后postgraduate, postpone;33.pre-预先、前precedence, predominant;34.psudo-伪、假、拟pseudonym, pseudoscience;35.re-又、再、往后replace, replenish;36.semi-半、部分的semiconductor, semi sphere;37.sub-下一级、次要subordinate, substitute38.super-上方的、超过的superfluous, supervisor;39.tele-远的、远距离telephone, telescope40.therm(o)-热、热电的thermos, thermometer;41.trans-横越、通过transplant, transmit;42.tri-三、三次tricycle, triangle, triple;43.ultra-在……之外、极端、过分ultraviolet, ultrasonic;44.un-不、非、相反unknown, unsay;45.uni-单、一uniform, unity, universal;46.vice-代替、代理、付vice-president, vice-principal. 常用词干1.ag, act做agent, active;2.aster, astro星disaster, astronomy;3.audi听audience, audio-visual(AV) ;4.bio生命biochemist, antibiotic;5.cap,cept,ceive拿、取capture, receive;6.cede,ceed,cess行、移动procedure, successive;7.cide, cis切，杀suicide, decision;8.clued, clus闭合include, exclusion;9.cred相信creditor, incredible;10.cur, curr跑occur, currency;11.cycle圆、环bicycle, recycle;12.dict, dic说dictionary, indication;13.duct, duc引导educate, conduct, prouuce;14.fac,fic,fect,fact做、制affect,fiction,infect;15.fer运送、带transfer, conference;16.flect, flex弯、曲reflect, flexible;17.flu流fluid, influence, fluent;18.gen起源、种类、人种intelligence, generation;19.geo地球、土地geography,geometry;20.grad, gress走gradual, aggressive;21.gram写、记录grammar, telegram;22.graph写、记录; photo光photograph;23.ject 投、掷、抛reject, project, injection;24.lect, leg挑选、采集、读elect, collect, legend;25.mani,manu手manual, manipulate;26.med中间immediately, medium;27.miss,mit送、派、放开transmit, permit;28.mob, mot, mov 移动automobile, promote29.pel推、逐expel, propeller;30.pend悬挂indispensable, suspend;31.phon声microphone, phoney;32.pon, pos放置postpone, compose;33.port搬运、带transport, portable;34.rup 裂、破坏interrupt, rupture;35.scribe写describe, prescribe;36.spec, spect,spic看perspective, respective;37.tend,tens,tent伸张、倾向extend, intense38.tract拖、拉、吸引tractor, attract, distraction;39.vid, vis看见evident, invisible;40.volv转、滚动revolve, revolution;41.。
