实义动词的一般现在时
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在一般现在时中,动词根据主语的不同,有单复数的变化。
主语第一、第二人称和第三人称的复数,实义动词用原形,be动词根据主语不同而变化。
主语是第三人称单数,实义动词要变单数,后面加s或es,be动词用is. 这个用法称为第三人称单数。
如果要变复数,动词变回原形,be动词根据人称而变化。
动词在一般现在时的形式:一、Be 动词的一般现在时Be动词要根据句中主语的人称和数而变化。
它有三种形式:am is are。
例如:1.I am a student.2.Is your father a worker?Yes he is.3.They are in the classroom.4.This is an apple.5.Where are my books?6.We are friends.以上句子是主系表结构,be 称为连系动词,它后面是表语,表语可以由名词、形容词、介词短语等充当。
is 跟单数主语,are跟复数主语。
二、实义动词的一般现在时一个动作经常反复地发生,就用一般现在时。
第三人称单数作主语,谓语动词要加〃s〃或〃es〃,这种动词形式简称为单三动,中文里没有这种概念,最初学习很容易错,记住:单三人称单三动,其它人称用原型。
例如:1.He works in the factory .He doesn’t work on Saturday and Sunday.2.—Do you like football?—Yes I do.But I don’t often play.I like basketball.1)陈述语气第三人称单数一般现在时形:(a)原形动词词尾+“-s”:help(帮助)→helpscome(来)→comes(b)原形动词词尾“ch,sh,o,s,x”+“-es”:teach(教)→teacheswash(洗)→washesgo(去)→goeskiss(吻)→kissesfix(安装)→fixes(c)原形动词词尾为“辅音字母+y”时,去“y”后加“-ies”,若是“元音字母+y”,只加“-s”:study(学习)→studiesplay(游戏)→plays解说本项规则的“第三人称单数”是指句子的主语。
Unit2
实义动词的一般现在时
1.一般情况下,用动词原形表示,但主语是单三(第三人称单数)时,谓语动
词结尾加-s或-es
2.实义动词的否定形式和疑问句借助于助动词do/does.当主语是三单形式时,
动词前加does not (doesn’t),动词还原为原形,其他情况用do not (don’t),疑问句首加Does,其他情况加Do.
主语为第三人称单数时用has,其余人称都用have。
have / has的含义及用法:1.作“有”讲。
如:I have a bag. 我有一个包。
He has a red cup. 他有一个红杯子
I have a cat.
He has a dog.
She has long hair.
We have a big house.
They have a happy family.
What are these/those …?
→They are…..
class,grade,后面跟班级时,第一个字母大写.其余的都不大写。
Look at 看in the same 在同一个…. Come from=be from 来自…. Different 不同的,后面跟可数名词复数形式round face圆脸wide mouth 大嘴
把下面的句子变成有have/has的句子
Your face is long.→You have a long face.(你的脸是长的=你有一个长脸。
)
His hair is short.→He has short hair.(他的头发是短的=他有一头短发。
)hair是不可数名词。
一般现在时一般现在时主要表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态。
一、一般现在时的形式:1、Be动词的一般现在时:主语+be动词(am ,is ,are)例子:I am a boy and she is a girl.am:第一人称单数is:第三人称单数are:第一、二、三人称复数,第二人称复数2、实义动词的一般现在时:主语+动词原形例子:He reads the book.I go to school by bus.My father likes reading newspaper.当主语是第三人称单数时,动词要发生相应地变化:(1)、一般动词:词尾+s例子:listen---listens speak---speaks work---works play---plays (2)、以s,x,o,ch,sh结尾的动词:词尾加es例子:pass—passes fix---fixes go—goes teach---teaches wash---washes (3)、以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词:把最后的“y”改成“I”再加“es”例子:study—studies fly—flies cry---cries dry---dries二、一般现在时的用法1、表示经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态2、表示普遍真理、科学事实、格言等不受时间限制的客观存在练习:一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数talk______ forget______ hope______ stop_____perform______ play______ say______ buy______ worry______ fly______ study_______ like_______ make______ take______love_______ recite_______ become_______ come_______ drive_______ shine_______leave_____ wake_______ ride_______ write_______ hike______give______ see______ swim______ stop______ shop_______ plan______ get______ sit_______ let_______ cut_______run_______ forget_______ begin_______ wash_____ watch_______ finish______ teach_____ fish_______ reach_______ go_______ do_____二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
实义动词的词形变化一.原形(do)1.一般现在时(用于非单数第三人称)例如 We know him.2.情态动词后例如 I can swim.3.助动词后例如 She doesn’t like swimming.Does she like eggs ?4.祈使句首例如 Stand up ,please.5.固定句型例如 Let me watch TV.二.单数第三人称(does)1.一般现在时。
(he ,she ,it 或它们代替的词)例如 He has a cat .She enjoys watching TV.I t often rains .This desk has four legs .2.表示猜测Who knows the answer ?三.不定式(to do)1句型want to do sthwould like to do sthdecide to do sthit is time to do sthask sb to do sthtell sb to do sth2两个动作之间例如 I can come to see you.四.现在分词(doing)用于现在进行时中例如 She is watching TV.五.动名词(doing)1.标题:Unite 8 Playing games.2.作主语:Running is good for you.3.介词后:I want some water after running.4.固定句型:She enjoys watching TV.。
一般现在时一、定义一般现在时是指当前进行的动作或存在的状态。
它用于描述日常活动、习惯、常规事物等。
主要有以下四种用法:1.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。
1)I exercise every day.我每天锻炼身体。
2)She usually watches TV at night.她通常晚上看电视。
3)We often go on trips.我们经常去旅行。
4)He goes to the library every Monday.他每周一去图书馆。
5)I get up at7o'clock every morning.我每天早上七点起床。
6)He never eats meat.他从不吃肉。
7)I like drinking coffee.我喜欢喝咖啡。
8)He practices playing the guitar every day.他每天练习弹吉他。
9)She is always friendly.她总是很友善。
10)There is a library in our school.在我们学校里有一个图书馆。
2.表示主语具备的性格、能力、特征或状态。
1)She speaks four languages fluently.她能够流利地说四种语言。
2)Our team always works well under pressure.我们的团队总是能够在压力下表现出色。
3)The cat has a keen sense of hearing.这只猫具有敏锐的听力。
4)He knows how to play the piano beautifully.他懂得如何演奏美妙的钢琴。
5)Mary has a positive attitude towards challenges.玛丽对挑战持积极的态度。
6)He likes swimming.他喜欢游泳。
7)My grandmother always remembers everyone's birthdays.我奶奶总是记得每个人的生日。
一般现在时(实义动词)•一般现在时用来表示习惯性,经常性发生的动作.常与频率副词usually ,often, sometimes ,always,never和时间短语in the morning /afternoon/evening, at noon/night , every day/week/year 连用•当主语是非三单(I,we,you, they 以及名词复数)时:肯定句结构:主语(非三单)+动词原形+其他.例如:I go to school by bus every day./We always play basketball on Sunday.My sisters usually eat apples before dinner.练习:从括号中选择正确的动词形式填空。
1.The boys always _________(play/playing) football after school.2.We _________(have/has)English lesson every morning.3.My brothers_________(like/likes)swimming in summer.•当主语是三单(He,She,It ,名词单数以及不可数名词)时:肯定句结构:主语(三单)+动词三单+其他.例如:She goes to school by bus every day.He always plays basketball on Sunday.My sister usually eats apples before dinner.练习:从括号中选择正确的动词形式填空。
1.The boy always _________(play/plays) football after school.2.She _________(have/has)English lesson every morning.3.The dog _________(like/likes)swimming in summer.4.The fish _________(looks/look)good.综合练习:用所给动词的正确形式填空。
实义动词的一般现在时1.实义动词的含义实义动词是表示动作或状态的词。
英语动词是词类中最复杂的一种,谓语动词的人称和数必须与主语保持一致。
此外,它们还有时态、语态、语气等变化。
2.实义动词如何表达一般现在时在一般现在时中,当主语不是第三人称单数时,用实义动词原形来表示一般现在时。
即:主语+ 实义动词原形当主语为第三人称单数时,实义动词要变成第三人称单数形式。
即:主语(第三人称单数)+ 实义动词第三人称单数实义动词第三人称单数变化规则:1) 一般情况下,在实义动词后直接加-s,如:run-runs like-likes come- comes help- helps get- gets2) 以字母s, x, o, ch, sh, 结尾的实义动词,在词尾加-es,如:guess- guesses pass- passes fix- fixes go-goes do- doesteach- teaches finish- finishes wash- washes3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的实义动词,变y为i,再加–es,如:study- studies try- tries cry- cries copy- copiesplay- ( ) stay- ( )注意:以元音字母加y 结尾的实义动词,直接加_____。
4) 实义动词have的三单形式不遵从上面的规则,have的三单形式has。
3.实义动词构成的一般现在时意义和用法1) 表示经常的或习惯性的动作,与often, always, once a week, every day等表示频率的副词或时间状语连用。
如:I often go to school by bike.我经常骑自行车去上学。
David plays basketball after class every day.大卫每天放学后都去打篮球。
He often sleeps in English class.他经常在英语课上睡觉。
行为动词一般现在时的变化
这里所说的行为动词,指的是除be动词、情态动词和助动词之外的全部动词。
行为动词为数众多,主语为第三人称单数he, she, it时,词形有变化。
当主语是第三人称单数时,行为动词的一般现在时通常有三
种变化:
1、多数在动词后加s play—play s like—like s ,read-read s
sing-sing s dance-dance s cook- cook s look- look s
2、以s,x,sh,ch,o结尾的动词加es go—go es wash--wash es,
watch-watch es catch-catch es do- do es
3、以辅音字母加y结尾,把y改i再加es fly—fl ies study
—stud ies try-tr ies
(这种变化与名词的单数变复数有点相像)
那么,什么情况下用行为动词的一般现在时呢?当这个动作经常发生或表示习惯性的动作时,通常用一般现在时,它经常与表示频度的时间状语连用,如,当句子中有every day every year ,on Sunday, in the morning ,often, sometimes, usually, at one o’clock,等词时,用一般现在时。
He get s up at 6 o’clock. She usually watch es TV in the evening. Sometimes he go es to school by car. Tom often fl ies a kite on Sunday.
只有第三人称单数动词才要变,其他人称(I, you ,we ,they)则用动词的原形。
行为动词的一般现在时练习题
班级姓名座号
写出下列动词的正确形式:
1、I (go) to school at seven in the morning.
2. Mike ( do) his homework at eight in the evening.
3. His father often ( read) books in the library on Saturday.
4.My mother usually (watch) TV plays at home.
5. My cousin sometimes (play ) cards with me.
6. you often (study ) after school ?Yes ,
I do.
7. Mike and Tom usually (fly ) kites on Sunday.
8. They (go) to school by bus every day.
9. She (go ) to school by bus every day.
10.We usually (listen ) to the radio in the morning.
11. He usually (listen ) to the radio in the morning.
12. he usually (listen ) to the music at home?
No, he .。