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四川大学英语语言文学专业和外国语言学及应用语言学专业硕士研究生入学考试科目及推荐参考书一、适用专业及方向：英语语言文学：现代英美文学、美国文化研究、加拿大文化研究、欧洲文化研究外国语言学及应用语言学：现代英语及语言理论、现代外语教育及教育技术、英语翻译理论与实践三、各科试题结构说明：1. 政治（国家统一考试，略）2. 二外（略）3. 基础英语 (150分)：l Cloze Test或改错（10分）l 阅读理解（30分）l 英译汉（30分）l 汉译英（30分）l 阅读与写作（50分）4. 英语专业综合知识 (150分)l 英语国家社会和文化知识（50分）l 英语文学知识（50分）l 英语语言知识（50分）四、推荐参考书目（版本不限）：基础英语、英语专业综合知识1. Beidler, Peter G. Writing Matters，四川大学出版社。
2. 郭著章，李庆生：《英汉互译实用教程》（第三版），武汉大学出版社。
3. 胡壮麟：《语言学教程》，北京大学出版社，2001年。
4. 李宜燮，常耀信：《美国文学选读》（上、下册），南开大学出版社。
5. 罗经国：《新编英国文学选读》（上、下册），北京大学出版社。
6. 王佐良等:《欧洲文化入门》(第二版)（第1－4章），外语教学与研究出版社。
7. 朱永涛: 《英美文化基础教程》，外语教学与研究出版社。
第二外语1．法语：《新大学法语》(1-3册)，总主编李志清，高等教育出版社。
2．日语：《标准日本语》(初级)，人民教育出版社。
3．德语：《德语速成》(第二版,上、下册)，外语教学与研究出版社。
4．俄语：《大学俄语（东方）》(第1-3册)，北京外国语大学、普希金俄语学院合编。
5．西班牙语：《现代西班牙语》（1-2册），董燕生．刘建．外研社。
6．韩语：延世大学韩国语学堂[韩] 编著：韩国语教程 1-3册（全6册），世界图书出版公司。
四川大学外国语学院英语语言文学专业和外国语言学及应用语言学专业硕士研究生入学考试复试科目及推荐参考书一、适用专业及方向：英语语言文学：现代英美文学、美国文化研究、加拿大文化研究、欧洲文化研究外国语言学及应用语言学：现代英语及语言理论、现代外语教育及教育技术、英语翻译理论与实践二、考试科目及分值：1. 听力（20分）测试要求：(a) 能听懂真实交际场合中各种英语会话和讲话；(b) 英语国家广播电台以及电视台（如CNN）有关政治、经济、文化、教育和科技等方面的专题报道以及与此类题材相关的演讲和演讲后的问答；(c) 能听懂有关政治、经济、历史、文化教育、语言文学和科普方面的一般讲座及讲座后的问答。
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2014年英语专业八级真题及详解TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS(2014)-GRADE EIGHT-TIME LIMIT:150MIN PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION(25MIN)SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture.You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY.While listening to the mini-lecture,please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s)you fill in is(are)both grammatically and semantically acceptable.You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.Now listen to the mini-lecture.When it is over,you will be given THREE minutes to check your work.How to Reduce StressLife is full of things that cause us stress.Though we may not like stress,we have to live with it.【答案与解析】(1)physical细节题。
这篇讲座主要围绕压力展开。
在提出问题“What is stress”之后，演讲者说到“The term was originally used in physics to describe the force exerted between two touching bodies.That was strictly a term describing a physical reaction”，即stress最初用在物理学中，指两个相互碰撞的物体之间产生的力量，严格地说是一个用来描述物理反应的术语。
硕士专业目录查询院系所专业关键词导师类型年份学科专业代码、专业名称及研究方向导师姓名招生人数考试科目备注501 公共管理学院313010101 马克思主义哲学6科学学位01 马克思主义与现代西方哲学余平① 101 思想政治理论② 201 英语一③ 662 哲学通论④ 961 西方哲学史复试:现代西方哲学02 西方马克思主义哲学陈波同上同上03 毛泽东思想冉桂琼同上同上010102 中国哲学8科学学位01 中国哲学史高小强丁元军麻尧宾曾海军① 101 思想政治理论② 201 英语一③ 662 哲学通论④ 960 中国哲学史朱熹《四书章句集注》研读02 儒家哲学高小强丁元军曾海军同上同上03 现代新儒学麻尧宾同上同上010103 外国哲学7科学学位01 西方哲学史徐开来熊林① 101 思想政治理论② 201 英语一③ 662 哲学通论复试：现代西方哲学陈志远④ 961 西方哲学史02 古希腊哲学徐开来同上同上03 中世纪哲学熊林同上同上04 德国哲学陈志远同上同上05 现代西方哲学陈志远熊林同上同上010105 伦理学5科学学位01 伦理学史蒋昌荣刘朝霞① 101 思想政治理论② 201 英语一③ 662 哲学通论④ 962 伦理学概论复试：中西哲学专题02 宗教伦理刘朝霞同上同上03 政治哲学陈志远刘莘蒋昌荣同上同上04 道德哲学刘莘同上同上030202 中外政治制度6科学学位01 中国政府与政治史云贵夏志强① 101 思想政治理论② 201 英语一③ 663 政治学原理④ 964 公共行政学复试科目:中外政治制度02 西方政治思想徐开来施雷格刘明德同上同上03 地方治理与制度分析姜晓萍李强彬同上同上030301 社会学12科学学位01 应用社会学陈彩霞① 101 思想政治理论② 201 英语一或202 俄语或203 日语③ 664 综合（当代社会思潮与社会心理学、④ 965 社会学理论与方法复试：社会学综合。
四川大学2014年翻译硕士考研真题及答案历年真题是最权威的，最直接了解各专业考研的复习资料，考生要重视和挖掘其潜在价值，尤其是现在正是冲刺复习阶段，模拟题和真题大家都要多练多总结，下面分享四川大学2014年翻译硕士考研真题及答案，方便考生使用。
四川大学2014年翻译硕士考研真题及答案I. Directions: Translate the following words, abbreviations or terminology into their target languages respectively. (30′)1. Overseas remittance: 海外汇款;国外汇款2. European Union Emission Trading Scheme: 欧盟排放交易体系3. carbon sink: 碳汇4. TPP Agreement: 跨太平洋伙伴关系协定(Trans-Pacific Partnership)5. COP 19: 联合国气候变化大会第19次缔约方大会[ the 19th Conference of the Parties (COP19) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change]6. Malthusian Theory of Population: 马尔萨斯人口论7. sub-Saharan Africa: 撒哈拉以南非洲8. Maastricht Treaty: 马斯特里赫特条约9. Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea (DOC)：《中国南海缔约方行为公告》10. HSBC：汇丰银行11. the House of Lords：英国上议院12. purchasing power parity：购买力平价13. China-Britain Business Council (CBBC)：英中贸易协会14. Wikileaks：维基解密15. rep by pop：人口数决定代表数(representation by population);人民代表16. 创业板市场：Growth Enterprise Market17. 中国共产党第十八届三中全会：the Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the CPC (communist party of China)18. 棱镜亊件:PRISM;the US surveillance program PRISM19. 《本草纲目》：compendium of materia medica20. 假冒及盗版产品：counterfeit and pirated products21. 页岩气：shale gas22. 土豪: rich rednecks;Beverly Hillbillies;upstart;rural rich;local tyrant; local lord23. 比特币：bitcoin24. “脱光”(11月11日): ending the situation of being single; say goodbye to the single lives25. 现房与期房: complete apartment and forward delivery housing26. 老年痴呆: senile dementia; Alzheimer’s disease27. 杜莎夫人蜡像馆: Madame Tussauds28. 热岛效应: Urban Heat Island Effect29. 《环球时报》:Global Times30. 《史记》: Historical RecordsII. Directions: Translate the following source texts into their target languages respectively. If the source text is in English, its target language is Chinese. If the source text is in Chinese, its target language is English. (120’)Source Text 1:The biographer should sternly confine himself to the functions as introducer and should give no more discussion than is clearly necessary for making the book an independent whole. A little analysis of motive may be necessary here and there, when for example, your hero has put his hand in somebody’s pocket and y ou have to demonstrate that his conduct was due to sheer absence of mind. But you must always remember that a single concrete fact were a saying into which man has put his soul is worth pages of psychological analysis. We may argue till Doom’s Day about Sw ift’s character, his singled phrase of dying like a poisoned rat in a hole, tells us more than all the commentators. The book should be the man himself speaking or acting, or nothing but the man. It should be such a portrait as reveals the essence of character. And the writer who gives anything that does not tell upon the general effect is like the portrait painter who allows the chairs and tables, or even the coat and cravat to distract attention from the vase. The really significant anecdote is often all that survives of a life. And such anecdotes must be made to tell properly instead of being hidden away in the wilderness of the common place. They should be a focus of interest instead of a fallible abstract for a book of miscellaneous. How much would be lost of Johnson if we suppressed the incident of the penance and to(*). It is such incidents that in books as often in life suddenly reveal to us all regions of sentiment, but never rise to the surface in the ordinary routine of our day.Source Text 2:The term genetically modified organism (GMO) refers to plants, microbes and animals with genes transferred from other species in order to produce certain novel characteristics (for example resistance to pests, or herbicides) and are produced by recombinant DNA technology. Four main sources of hazards of GMO are discussed by scientists worldwide:those due to the new genes, and gene products introduced; 2) unintended effects inherent to the teclinology; 3) interactions between foreign genes and host genes; and 4) those arising from the spread of the introduced genes by ordinary cross-pollination as well as by horizontal gene transfer.GM crops contain material, which is not present in them under natural conditions, and they form a part of our daily diet. To understand what effect they can have on us and on our animaJs, it is very important to study the influence of these GM plants in different organisms for several generations. At present, these studies are lackii.j from the scientific literature. Also, several detrimental effects of GM crops had been showed on the metabolism of animals. The hazard of GMO was shown for animals and the environment in many investigations. Earlier it was shown that consumption of GM food by animals led to the negative changes in their organisms. Experiments, conducted by A. Pusztai showed that potatoes modified by the insertion of the gene of snowdrop lectin (雪花莲凝集素),stunled the growth of rats, significantly affected some of their vital organs, including the kidneys, thymus (陶腺)，gastrocnemius muscles (聪肠肌)and othersand damaged their intestines and their immune system.Source Text 3:科学是讲求实际的。
四川大学硕士研究生入学考试主要参考书目221英语: 《全新版大学英语综合教程》(第1-4册),上海外语教育出版社，2002年222俄语: 《大学俄语(东方)》(第1-3册)，北京外国语大学、普希金俄语学院合编，1998年。
223日语: 《标准日本语》(初级)，人民教育出版社，1988年224德语: 《德语速成》(第二版,上、下册)，外语教学与研究出版社,1996年；225法语: 《法语》(第1-2册)，马晓宏，外语教学与研究出版社，1992年；401经济学原理:1.《政治经济学》(上册)朱方明主编，四川大学出版社；2.《当代西方经济学》李扬主编，四川大学出版社；3.《国际经济学》李天德主编，四川大学出版社。
402经济学基础及应用:《财政学》冯宗容主编，四川大学出版社2002年；《西方经济学》李扬主编，四川大学出版社；《货币银行学》张红伟主编，四川大学出版社。
403经济学原理:《政治经济学》朱方明主编，四川大学出版社；《当代西方经济学》李扬主编，四川大学出版社；《中国城市地价论》杨继瑞主编，四川大学出版社；《城市地产经济学》冯宗容主编，四川大学出版社。
405法学综合B: 包括刑法、民商法、诉讼法(刑诉民诉)411人口理论基础:《人口社会学》胡伟略著，中国社会科学出版社2002年版414中国文学(含中国古代、现当代文学):《中国文学》(四卷本)刘黎明等四川人民出版社；《中国文学史》(三卷本)章培恒等复旦大学出版社；《中国现代文学三十年》钱理群人民出版社；《中国当代文学史教程》陈思和复旦大学出版社415现代汉语及古代汉语:《现代汉语》(修订本)胡裕树上海教育出版社；《现代汉语》黄伯荣等高等教育出版社；《新编现代汉语》张斌复旦大学出版社；《古代汉语》(修订重排本)王力中华书局；《实用古汉语知识宝典》(供学习教材参考)杨剑桥复旦大学出版社；复试科目：语言学概论参考书：《语言学纲要》叶蜚声徐通锵北京大学出版社，1997年第三版；《语言学概论》马学良华中工学院出版社，1985；《普通语言学教程》汪大昌北京大学出版社，2004416新闻传播业务:《新闻采访论》邱沛篁四川大学出版社；《现代新闻编辑学》蒋小丽高等教育出版社；《新闻摄影学》吴建四川大学出版社；《广播电视学导论》欧阳宏生四川大学出版社；《应用广告学》吴建四川大学出版社；《编辑学理论与实务》黄小玲四川大学出版社复试新闻传播专题：参考书同新闻传播史论，新闻传播业务。
四川大学翻译基础科目英汉互译真题OECD 经济合作与发展组织NASA 美国国家航空航天局IAEA 国际原子能机构ASEM 亚欧会议UNICEF 联合国儿童基金会ASEAN 东南亚国家联盟APEC 亚太经合组织IPR 知识产权CEPA 《关于建立更紧密经贸关系的安排》Special Safeguard Mechanism 特殊保障机制Sub-prime Mortgage Crisis 次贷危机Free Trade Agreement 自由贸易协定Bonded warehouse 保税仓库Encyclopedia Britannica 大不列颠百科全书Binary opposition 二元对立《论语》The Analects《红楼梦》A Dream of Red Mansions扫黄打非eliminate pornography and illegal publications西部大开发large-scale development of western China高度自治high degree of autonomy发烧门诊fever clinic转基因食品genetically modified food小排量汽车small-displacement cars温室气体排放greenhouse gas emissions创业板ChiNext stock market中国特色的社会主义市场经济Socialist market economy with Chinese characteristics选秀talent show外交庇护diplomatic asylum稳健的货币政策prudent monetary policy摸着石头过河wade across the stream by feeling the wayIOC 国际奥林匹克委员会（International Olympic Committee）CAAC中国民航（Civil Aviation Administration of China）CPPCC中国人民政治协商会议（Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference）NBA 全美篮球协会（National Basketball Association）UNEP 联合国环境规划署（United Nations Environment Programme）FBI美国联邦调查局（Federal Bureau of Investigation）purchasing power parity 购买力平价"三农"工作"Three agriculture" work伪娘crossdresser大规模杀伤性武器WMD(weapons of mass destruction)易经The Book of Changes京都议定书Kyoto Protocol经济适用房affordable housing中国达人秀China's Got Talentprinciple of common but differentiated responsibilities “共同但有区别责任”原则Strategic & Economic Dialogue战略与经济对话Non-Performing Loans不良贷款、到期未能偿还贷款Merger & Acquisition兼并与收购多边贸易体系multilateral trading system依法治国manage/run state affairs according to law可再生能源renewable energy西气东输、西电东送transmit natural gas from western areas to East China; West-East natural gas transmission projecttransmit the electricity from western areas to East China; West-East power transmission project亚奥理事会Olympic Council of Asia,简称OCA社会消费品零售总额total volume/sum/amount of social retail goods积极的财政政策active fiscal policyAfrican Union非洲联盟Fannie Mae& Freddie Mac 房利美和房地美MDGs 千年发展目标亚运会the Asian Games可再生资源Renewable Resources第十一届全国人民代表大会第三次会议11 th National People's Congress third meeting凯程教育：凯程考研成立于2005年，国内首家全日制集训机构考研，一直从事高端全日制辅导，由李海洋教授、张鑫教授、卢营教授、王洋教授、杨武金教授、张释然教授、索玉柱教授、方浩教授等一批高级考研教研队伍组成，为学员全程高质量授课、答疑、测试、督导、报考指导、方法指导、联系导师、复试等全方位的考研服务。
目 录2011年四川大学外国语学院638基础英语真题及详解2010年四川大学外国语学院638基础英语真题及详解2009年四川大学外国语学院638基础英语真题及详解2008年四川大学外国语学院638基础英语真题及详解2007年四川大学外国语学院638基础英语真题及详解2011年四川大学外国语学院638基础英语真题及详解Part One Reading Comprehension (40 points)I. Cloze Test (10 points)Choose one of the four answers marked A, B, C, D to complete the article. Write your answer on the answer sheet. Be sure that the number of the answers in agreement with the number of the blanks.Today, the world wide web can be used both to (1) information and to make it (2) to others. Information (3) on web pages is viewed by (4) of browser. The sources of information linked in this way can be located on any computer (5) is also part of the web. Each information source (6) to an indefinite member of other web pages. Hypertext and hyperlinks allow users acting as receivers of information to (7) from one source of information to another, (8) for themselves which information they wish to (9) to their browser and which links they want to (10) . The addresses of web pages can be found by using the many hundreds of general and specialized search engines which provide (11) to databases which hold information on them. Once a web pages has been found, hyperlinks may point (12) other places (13) interest on the web. Addresses of web pages also (14) in other more conventional media, such as magazines, newspapers and television programs, and on posters.Web pages, in their (15) , facilitate access to information made available by other (16) of media of example, collections held in librariesor programs broadcast on television.Most web pages offer interactive opportunities which go (17) merely allowing visitors freedom as to when and how they visit a page and where they might choose to go next. Feedback can be kept formal via a questionnaire which can be filled (18) , or informal by providing an address for e-mail or even by (19) a digital guest book for comments left for other users to read. Although all web pages are protected so that unauthorized visitors cannot make unsolicited changes to them, it is also possible to (20) access to pages on the internet to those holding a password.1. A. believe B. retrieve C. perceive D. conceive2. A. available B. obtainable C. achievable D. amicable3. A. displayed B. displaying C. displayable D. is displayed4. A. medium B. vehicle C. agent D. means5. A. what B. that C. which D. it6. A. maybe linked B. may be linked C. may is linked D. may linked7. A. wonder B. wander C. stray D. ramble8. A. deciding B. decided C. decide D. to decided9. A. transition B. transmit C. transform D. transfer10. A. flip B. slip C. skip D. skim11. A. success B. access C. assess D. possess12. A. about B. on C. at D. to13. A. on B. of C. in D. at14. A. to appear B. appeared C. appearing D. appear15. A. sequence B. order C. turn D. switch16. A. modes B. forums C. shapes D. forms17. A. beyond B. over C. against D. further18. A. up B. out C. with D. over19. A. install B. installed C. installing D. installs a20. A. constrain B. confine C. restrict D. limit【答案与解析】1.B retrieve 检索; 恢复; 重新得到。
·············2014年四川大学考博英语入学考试试题考生请注意：1．本试题共5大题，共12页，请考生注意检查，考试时间为180分钟。
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I．Reading Comprehension (30%; one mark each) Directions: Read the following six passages. Answerthe questions below each passage by choosing [A],[B], [C], or [D]. Write your answers on the AnswerSheet.Passage OneIn general, our society is becoming one of giantenterprises directed by a bureaucratic managementin which man becomes a small, well-oiled cog in themachinery. The oiling is done with higher wages,Nell-ventilated factories and piped music, and by psychologists and “human-relations”experts; yet all this oiling does not alter the fact that man has become powerless, that he is bored with it. In fact,the blue and the white-collar workers have become economic puppets who dance to the tune of automated machines and bureaucratic management. ············．·············The worker and employee are anxious, not only because they might find themselves out of a job;they are anxious also because they are unable to acquire any real satisfaction of interesting life.They live and die without ever having confrontedthe fundamental realities of human existence as emotionally and intellectually independent and productive human beings.Those higher up on the social ladder are no less anxious. Their lives are no less empty than thoseof their subordinates. They are even more insecurein some respects. They are in a highly competitiverace. To be promoted or to fall behind is not amatter of salary but even more a matter of self-respect. When they apply for their first job, theyare tested for intelligence as well as for theright mixture of submissiveness and independence.From the moment on they are tested again and again-by the psychologists, for whom testing is a bigbusiness, and by their superiors, who judge theirbehavior, sociability, capacity to get along, etc.This constant need to prove that one is as good asor better than one's fellow-competitor createsconstant anxiety and stress, the very causes ofunhappiness and illness.Am I suggesting that we should return to thepreindustrial mode of production or to nineteenth-century “free enterprise”capitalism? Certainly not.Problems the never solved by returning to a stagewhich one has already outgrown. I suggesttransforming our social system form, abureaucratically managed industrialism in which ············．·············maxima, production and consumption are ends in themselves, into a humanist industrialism in whichman and full development of his potentialities-those of all love and of reason-are the aims ofsocial arrangements. Production and consumptionshould serve only as means to this end and shouldbe prevented from ruling man.1. By “a well-oiled cog in the machinery”the author intends to deliver the idea that man is ____.[A] a necessary part of the society though eachindividual's function is negligible[B] working in complete harmony with the rest ofthe society[C] an unimportant part in comparison with therest of the society[D] a humble component of the society, especiallywhen working smoothly2. The real cause of the anxiety of the workers and employees is that ____.[A] they are likely to lose their jobs[B] they have no genuine satisfaction or interestin life[C] they are faced with the fundamental realities of human existence[D] they are deprived of their individuality and independence············．·············3. From the passage we can conclude that real happiness of life belongs to those ____.[A] who are at the bottom of the society[B] who are higher up in their social status[C] who prove better than their fellow-competitors[D] who could dip fir away from this competitive world4. To solve the present social problems the author puts forward a suggestion that we should ____. [A] resort to the production mode of our ancestors[B] offer higher wages to the workers and employees[C] enable man to fully develop his potentialities[D] take the fundamental realities for granted5. The author's attitude towards industrialism mightbest be summarized as one of ____.[A] approval [B] dissatisfaction[D] susceptibility[C] suspicionPassage TwoThe government-run command post in Tunis isstaffed around the clock by military personnel, meteorologists and civilians. On the wall are maps, ············．·············crisscrossed with brightly colors arrows thatpainstakingly track the fearsome path of the enemy.What kind of invader gives rise to such high-level monitoring? Not man, not beast, but the lowlydesert locust（蝗虫）. In recent moths, billions ofthe 3-inch-long winged warriors have descended on Algeria, Libya, Morocco and Tunisia, blackening thesky and eating up crops and vegetation. The insect invasion, the worst in 30 years, is alreadycreating great destruction in the Middle East andis now treating southern Europe. The current crisisbegan in late 1985 near the Red Sea. Unusuallyrainy weather moistened the sands of the Sudan,making them ideal breeding grounds for the locust,which lays its eggs in the earth. The insectonslaught threatens to create yet another African famine. Each locust can eat its weight (not quite atenth of an ounce) in vegetation every 24 hours. Agood-size swarm of 50 billion insects eats up100,000 tons of grass, trees and crops in a singlenight.All $150 million may be needed this year. The U.S.has provided two spraying planes and about 50,000gal. of pesticide. The European Community hasdonated $3.8 million in aid and the Soviet Union, Canada, Japan and China have provided chemical-spraying aircraft to help wipe out the pests. Butrelief efforts are hampered by the relativemildness of approved pesticides, which quickly losetheir deadly punch and require frequentreplications. The most effective locust killerDieldrin has been linked to cancer and is banned by ············．·············many Western countries and some of the affected African nations. More than 5 million acres have been dusted with locust-killing chemicals; another 5 million will be treated by the end of June.On May 30, representatives of Tunisia, Algeria, Libya, Morocco and Mauritania will meet in Algiers to discuss tactics to wipe out the ravenous swarms. The move is an important step, but whatever plan is devised, the locust plague promised to get worse before the insects can be brought under control.6. The main idea of the first sentence in the passage is that ____.[A] the command post is stationed with people all the time.[B] the command post is crowded with people all the time.[C] there are clocks around the command post.[D] the clock in the command post is taken care of by the staff.7. The favorable breeding ground for the locust is ____.[A] rich soil.[B] wet land[C] spaces covered crops and vegetation[D] the Red Sea8. People are alert at the threat of the locust because ____.············．·············[A] the insects are likely to create another African famine.[B] the insects may blacken the sky.[C] the number of the insects increases drastically.[D] the insects are gathering and moving in great speed.9. Which of the following is true?[A] Once the pesticides are used, locust will die immediately.[B] Relief efforts are proved most fruitful dueto the effectiveness of certain pesticides.[C] Dieldrin, the most effective locust killer,has been widely accepted in many countries.[D] Over 10 million acres of affected area will have been treated with locust-killingchemicals by the end of June.10. The purpose for affected nations to meet in Algiers on May 30 is ____.[A] to devise antilocust plans.[B] to wipe out the swarms in two years.[C] to call out for additional financial aid from other nations.[D] to bring the insects under control before the plague gets worse.············．·············Passage ThreeThe London 2012 sustainability watchdog embroiled in a row over the sports ship of the Olympic Stadium by Dow Chemical is to push the International Olympic Committee to appoint an “ethics champion”for future Games.The Commission for a Sustainable London 2012 has been bruised by criticism over Dow's sponsorship of the wrap that will surround the Olympic stadium, particularly since commissioner Meredith Alexander last month resigned in protest.Campaigners believe that Dow has ongoing liabilities relating to the 1984 Bhopal disasterthat resulted in the deaths of an estimated 20,000 people and the serious injury of tens of thousands more. Dow, which bought the owner of the plant in 2001, insists that all liabilities have beensettled in full.Commission chairman Shaun McCarthy said that its tight sustainability remit did not extend to actingas moral guardian of the Olympic movement but that it would press for such a role to be created when evaluating sponsors for future Games.In addition to sponsoring the 7m pounds wrap that will surround the Olympic Stadium, Dow has a separate 100m dollars sponsorship deal with the IOC that was signed in 2010.But McCarthy also defended the commission's rolein evaluating the Dow deal, after Amnesty ············．·············International wrote to London 2012 chairman Lord Coe to raise the issue.“What has been lost in all of this story is thata really excellent, sustainable product has been procured, we looked at Locog's examination of Dow Chemical's current corporate responsibility policies and, again, Dow achieved that highest score in that evaluation. We verified that.”said McCarthy.“As far as the history is concerned and issues around Bhopal, there is no doubt Bhopal was a terrible disaster and snore injustice was done tothe victims. Who is responsible for that injusticeis a matter for the courts and a matter for others.We have a specific remit and terms of referencethat we operate under and we have operated diligently under those terms.”The commission will on Thursday release its annual review. It finds that “good press”has been made to wands many of Locog's sustainability target,but that “major challenges”remain.In particular, the commission found that therewas no coherent strategy to achieve a 20% reduction in carbon emissions after an earlier scheme to use renewable energy feel through when a wind turbine on the site proved impractical.“We had conversations with Locog over a year ago about this and said they had to demonstrate how they were going to achieve at least 20% carbon reductions through energy conservation if they're not going to do it through renewable energy,”said ············．·············McCarthy. “There are some good initiatives, but quite frankly they just haven't done it.”11. Why was Dow's sponsorship criticized according to the passage?[A] The products are not sustainable.[B] It was related to Bhopal disaster.[C] It bribed the London Olympic committee.[D] It can't reduce 20% of the carbon emission.12. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?[A] Commission's role[B] Commission's achievements[C] Commission's complaints[D] Commission's defense13. Which of the following words can best replace the underlined word “row”(Para. 1)?[A] line [B] argument[D] course[C] boating14. What is one of the challenges of the sustainability target mentioned in the passage?[A] Ethic champion of the games.[B] Reduction in carbon emissions.[C] The wind turbine proved to be impractical.[D] Renewable energy is not available. ············．·············15. Which of the following can best summarize the passage?[A] Commission defends its own role in evaluating controversial.[B] Dow's way to the 2012 London Olympic Games.[C] Campaign against Dow's sponsorship.[D] IOC's review on the controversy.Passage FourAs Facebook dominates the news with its initialpublic offering, activists are seizing the momentto pressure the company to add some estrogen and ethnicity to its white-male board.A women's rights group called Ultraviolet, whichhas been running an online petition that claims tohave attracted more than 50,000 signatures, is escalating its push, posting a new YouTube video called “Do Women Have a Future at Facebook?”. The video shows photos of successful women such as Hillary Clinton getting their heads cropped off the replaced with the smiling face of Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg.“Facebook has grown off the backs of women, who make up the majority of its users and areresponsible for the majority of sharing and fanactivity on the site,”the group says in a blurbaccompanying the video. An all-male board, the group says, is “not just wrong, it's bad for business”. A related campaign, called Face It, ············．·············criticizes the lack of ethnic diversity on theseven-member board. “seven white men: That's ridiculous,”the group says on its homepage, along side headshots of the men. The campaign, whichlists dozens of human-rights groups and corporate executives as supporters, also has its own YouTube video. Called “Face it, Facebook”, the video cites a recent Zuckerberg letter to investors thatsays:“Facebook was not originally created to be a company. It was built to accomplish a socialmission-to make the world more open and connected.”That message is at odds with the pale-faced board,activists say. Susan Stautberg, co-chairwoman of Women Corporate Directors, an organization for female corporate board members, says Zuckerberg's thinking is flawed. “If you're trying to expand acompany globally, then you want someone on the board who has built a global brand,”she says. “Most of these guys on Facebook's board all have the same skills-they're mostly from Silicon Valley and Washington. You want someone who has worked in China and India and rising markets. You want someone who has marketed to women. When you're putting together a board, you don't want your best friends, you want the best people.”Having zero female directors does not appear tobe a good business plan, research shows. Companies with women on the board perform substantiallybetter than companies with all-mall boards, according to a 2011 study of Fortune 500 companies conducted by the research group Catalyst. The study showed that over the course of four to five years, ············．·············companies with three or more female board members, on average, outperformed companies with no female board members by 84 percent when it came to return on sales and by 60 percent when it came to returnon invested capital.Facebook may secretly be on the lookout for afemale board member, according to a recent Bloomberg report. Citing unnamed sources, Bloomberg said Facebook had enlisted the corporate-recruitment firm Spencer Stuart to help seek somediversity. Spencer Stuary says it does not commenton clients due to confidentiality agreements.16. Which of the following descriptions is CORRECT about the Ultraviolet Group?[A] It is a non-government organization.[B] It is appealing for “more female roles in big corporations like Facebook”through theInternet.[C] It has the support of many female celebritiessuch as Hillary Clinton.[D] It is getting more and more support from the society.17. Which of the following descriptions is INCORRECT about the campaign “Face It”?[A] It pointed out the irrational composition ofFacebook's board of directors.············．·············[B] The campaign has plenty of human-rights supporters.[C] It indicated the original objective of Zuckerberg's establishment of Facebook.[D] It is constantly using other media devices to support Facebook.18. The underlined phrase “at odds with”in the fourth paragraph has the closest meaning of ____. [A] against all odds [B] supported by[C] disagree with[D] waifs and strays19. According to Susan Stauberg, a well-performed business should _____.[A] have a complex system of management.[B] possess the most market globally.[C] have your best and close friends as yourboard members.[D] have a diverse board member in which everyone has his/her own specialties and can contributedifferent skills into the corporation.20. What will probably happen to Facebook?[A] The corporation will turn to Spencer Stuart for recruiting more female board members. [B] The corporation will dominate the news because its worldwide popularity.[C] The corporation will gradually lose its users because it does not have female board members. ············．·············[D] None of the above.Passage FiveFor this generation of young people, the future looks bleak. Only one in six is working full time. Three out of five live with their parents or other relatives. A large majority-73 percent-think they need more education to find a successful career, but only half of those say they will definitely enroll in the next few years. No, they are not the idle youth of Greece or Spain or Egypt. They are the youth of America, the world's richest country,who do not have college degrees and aren't gettingthem anytime soon. Whatever the sob stories aboutrecent college graduates spinning their wheels asbaristas or clerks, the situation for their less-educated peers is far worse. For this group,finding work that pays a living wage and offerssome sense of security has been elusive.Despite the continuing national conversationabout whether college is worth it given the debtburden it entails, most high school graduateswithout college degrees said they believe theywould be unable to get good jobs without moreeducation.Getting it is challenging, though, and not onlybecause of formidable debt levels. Ms. McClour andher husband, Andy, have two daughters under 3 andanother due next month. She said she triedenrolling in college classes, but the workloadbecame too stressful with such young children. Mr. ············．·············McClour works at a gas station. He hates his work and wants to study phlebotomy, but the nearest school is an hour and half away.Many of these young people had been expecting to go to college since they started high school, perhaps anticipating that employers would demand skills high schools do not teach. Just one in ten high school graduates without college degrees said they were “extremely well prepared by their high school to succeed in their job after graduation.”These young people worried about getting left behind and were pessimistic about reaching some of the milestones that make up the American dream. More than half-56 percent-of high school graduates without college diplomas said that their generation would have less financial success than their parents. About the same share believed they would find work that offered health insurance within that time frame. Slightly less than half of respondents said the next few years would bring work with good job security or a job with earnings that were high “enough to lead a comfortable life”. They weresimilarly pessimistic about being able to start a family or buy a home.The online survey was conducted between March 21 and April 2, and covered a nationally representative survey of 544 high school graduates from the classes of 2006-11 who did not have bachelor's degrees. The margin of sampling error was plus or minus 5 percentage points.············．·············21. What does the underlined phrase “spinning their wheels”mean in Paragraph 1?[A] fastening the pace [B] confusing the situation[C] asking for help[D] scooting out22. What will the high school graduates probably do according to the article?[A] Find jobs right after graduation.[B] Receive further study in college.[C] Go to join the national conversation.[D] Pay for the debt.23. What does the story of “Andy and Ms. McClour”try to inform us?[A] They both prefer making money to education.[B] Colleges do not accept students who are married and have children.[C] Although people are eager to join in the college, life burden may block in the way.[D] None of the above.24. What is the financial outlook for thisgeneration compared with their parents?[A] They have a prosperous outlook compared with the last generation.[B] Their financial situation is not assuccessful as their parents.············．·············[C] It depends on how hard they work and their educational background.[D] Not mentioned in the article.25. What can we infer from the last sentence?[A] The online survey is done nationally.[B] The result of the survey is completelytrustworthy.[C] There is more or less inaccuracy of thesurvey.[D] The survey will have a continuous part coming soon.Passage SixSome 60 years ago, George Orwell wrote anallegorical novel, called Nineteen Eighty-Four, to describe life in a futuristic Britain under a oneparty police-sate presided over by an all-powerfulfigure known as Big Brother. One of the fealures ofthe nasty world described by Orwell was itssystematic misuse of language, which went by thename of “Newspeak”. By re-defining words and endlessly repeating them, the Ministry of Truththrough the Thought Police was able to control what people thought, and through that, their actions. Language was instrumental in destroying the culture.The same technique is being used by differentpeople today, with similar effects. In all areas ofpublic administration, the words “spouse”, “husband”············．·············and “wife”have been replace by the word “partner”, although the words are subtly but substantiallydifferent in meaning, and convey differentrealities. In some schools and university departments, feminist ideologues have dictated thatthe personal pronoun “he”must not be used, and is replaced by the word “they”, which means something different. The word “homophobic”, which just a few years ago was used to describe a person whosupported vigilante action against homosexuals, isnow being used to describe anyone who defends the universal definition of marriage.Although the transformation of language is seenmost obviously around social issues, it is alsobeing used systematically to shape political debate.So, we are told that the federal government is introducing a Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme,which is newspeak for its new carbon tax. The factis that the new tax is not remotely concerned with “carbon pollution”at all, but rather with emissionsof the gas CO2 which is not a pollutant by any credible definition, but rather, an essential building block in every cell in every living plant and creature. By the government's own admission, it will not lead to any reduction in CO2 levels,either in Australia or globally. And the Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme is being introduced in Australia at the same time the government is expanding exports of coal, which is virtually 100 percent carbon, to countries such as China.We live in a society in which the ordinary meaning of words is being systematically ············．·············manipulated by spin-doctors and ideologues, as a means of changing the way people think, and, more fundamentally, the way they act. Language is an important part of the culture wars. For those of us who see this as a challenge to the foundations of society, it is important that we identify the problem and expose it.It is clearly preferable to avoid using the newdebased, transformed language of the politically-correct left, although this can be difficult insituations where constant usage has alreadynormalized it, as has happened with the term “same-sex marriage”. The alternative phrase, “same-sex unions”, has a different meaning. When such termsare used, they should be identified for what theyare: a form of linguistic dishonesty, designed to undermine existing institutions and transform them.26. Which of the following descriptions isINCORRECT about George Orwell's allegorical novel Nineteen Eighty-Four?[A] It describes a story that happens in thefuture.[B] One of the features in the novel is themisuse of language.[C] It is the most famous detective novel in theworld.[D] It was written in the 20th century.············．·············27. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an example of misuse of language?[A] Feminists insist “he”be replaced by “they”.[B] “Partner”has taken the place of “husband”and “wife”.[C] “Homophobic”is now being employed to refer to defend conventional understanding of marriage.[D] The meaning of “literacy”is no longer restricted to the ability to read and write.28. The example of carbon pollution is used toillustrate _______.[A] transformation of language is usually seen insocial issues.[B] transformation of language is also tracked in political debate.[C] transformation of language is generated inthe age of information.[D] transformation of language is legitimate to acertain extent.29. The underlined word “credible”in Para. 3 means______.[A] reliable [B] correct。
2013年四川大学918英语专业综合知识考研真题Part One European and American Cultures(50points)Ⅰ.Explain the following five terms briefly:(10points)1.Gulf War2.Marshall Plan3.Harlem Renaissance4.Noah’s Ark5.GothicⅡ.Answer each of the following two questions in no more than150English words: (20points)1.Please illustrate Martin Luther as more of a humanist than a religious leader.2.Why are the1960s-70s in America regarded by some historians as“the decades of change”?Ⅲ.Answer the following question in no more than400English words:(20points) How do you think about Barack Obama’s rise to presidency?Part Two British and American Literature(50points)Ⅰ.Explain any THREE of the following five terms in about50English words each: (15points)1.John Keats2.Lord of the Files3.William Blake4.Determinism in American naturalistic fiction5.Light in AugustⅡ.Multiple Choices:(15points)Select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement.Write down your answer on the answer sheet.1.Which of the following is NOT directly related to the Age of Enlightenment in the 18th century?A.to promote reason,equality and scienceB.to enlighten people with modern philosophical and artistic ideasC.to hold the belief that human beings were unlimited,with infinite potential forintellectual developmentD.to hold the belief that human beings were limited,dualistic,imperfect,and yetcapable of rationality and perfection through education2.“The Landscape Near an Aerodrome”is a poem by_____.A.Stephen SpenderB.T.S.EliotC.Robert BrowningD.Wystan Hugh Auden3.Which of the following is NOT directly related to the literature of Victorian Age in England?A.The growth of urban population resulted in the appearance of a new reading public.B.Many libraries were set up so that books were now available to readers whocould not afford to buy them.C.The plot of novels is unfolded against a social background which is broaderthan what it had been in previous novels.D.Most of the novels were not first published in serial form,that is,by installment,before they were fully published in a single book.4.One of the most noticeable features of Robert Browning’s poetry is his use of_____.A.classical vocabularyB.satireC.dramatic monologueD.exaggeration5.Which one of the following words is most appropriate when you describe thecharacter of Katherine in Wuthering Heights?A.generousB.capriciousC.charitableD.frivolous6.Scott Fitzgerald is a spokesman of the_____.A.Gilded AgeB.Jazz AgeC.Frontier EraD.American Revolutionary Age7.Which one of the following writers is a master user of different dialects in his novels?A.Henry JamesB.Ralph Waldo EmersonC.William FaulknerD.Mark Twain8.Which one of the following novels mainly deals with the psychologically distorted characters?A.Martin EdenB.The Grapes of WrathC.Winesburg,OhioD.The Ambassadors9.Exaltation of emotion above reason is a principle of_____.A.RomanticismB.RealismC.NaturalismD.Modernism10.“Grace under pressure”is a typical sign of the_____.A.frontier peopleB.Hemingway’s heroesC.early immigrantsD.struggle for survivalⅢ.Answer the following questions in about150English words each:(20points)1.Briefly comment on“I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud”by William Wordsworth.2.Make a comment on Ernest Hemingway’s novel A Farewell to Arms.Part Three Linguistics(50points)Ⅰ.State what you know about the following terms in one sentence for each:(10 points)1.descriptive adequacy2.textual function3.illocutionary act4.arbitrariness vs.motivation5.ideal speakerⅡ.Define the following terms with at least two examples:(10points)1.bound morpheme2.blending3.stylistic meaning4.loanword5.homonymyⅢ.Translate the following sentences into Chinese and state briefly the features of English idiom:(10points)1.He likes to let on that he is an expert in electronics.2.As soon as they realized that there was likely to be trouble,his companions deserted him and left him to carry the can.3.We doubt whether our plan will pass muster.Ⅳ.Answer the following questions:(10points)1.What are the three types of homonyms?2.What does pragmatic reasoning mean?Ⅴ.Please briefly answer the following question in about500words:(10points) Some people claim that the Chinese language is a primitive language,too unclear to express ideas in a logical way,while the European languages are much more advanced,able to express clear ideas with their complex inflectional syntactic。
四川大学考研历年真题解析——918英语专业综合知识主编：弘毅考研编者：Henrykobe弘毅教育出品【资料说明】《918英语专业综合知识历年考研真题解析（专业课）》系四川大学优秀英语考研辅导团队集体编撰的“历年考研真题解析系列资料”之一。
历年真题是除了参考教材之外的最重要的一份资料，其实，这也是我们聚团队之力，编撰此资料的原因所在。
历年真题除了能直接告诉我们历年考研试题中考了哪些内容、哪一年考试难、哪一年考试容易之外，还能告诉我们很多东西。
1.命题风格与试题难易第一眼看到川大历年试题的同学，都觉得试题“简单”。
其实，这也是很多学生选择川大的原因吧。
川大的试题不偏、不怪，80% 的题目可以在课本上找到答案。
其实，“试题很基础”----“试题很简单”----“能得高分”根本不是一回事。
试题很基础，所以每个学生都能答上一二，但是想得高分，就要比其他学生强，要答出别人答不出来的东西。
要答出别人答不出来的东西，这容易吗？大家不要被试题表象所迷惑。
很多学生考完，感觉超好，可成绩出来却不到100分，很大程度上就是这个原因：把考的基础当成考的简单。
其实这很像武侠小说中的全真教，招式看似平淡无奇，没有剑走偏锋的现象，但是如果没有扎实的基础和深厚的内功是不会成为大师的。
我们只能说命题的风格是侧重考察基础的知识，但是，我们要答出亮点，让老师给你高分，这并不容易。
2.考试题型与分值大家要了解有哪些题型，每个题型的分值。
从最近六年看，川大的题目基本都是主观题，文学有十五分的选择题。
可很多学生平时喜欢做选择题，不想写，到考试的时候就会傻眼。
每个题型的分值是不一样的，一个名词解释一般也就是2-5分，可一个主管答题至少十分。
这要求我们平时一定要注意书面表达能力的练习。
3.各章节的出题比重川大的专业课没有考试大纲，因此没有重、难点的告知，但大家可以通过对历年真题的分析，掌握各个章节在整个考研中的重要地位。
例如，《新编英国文学宣读下》《美国文学宣读上》是近几年来考察的重点。
英语语言文学方向初试题目回忆918综合知识Part OneI、名词解释5个Obamacare, Watergate scandal , Copernicus,Socrates(忘了一个,也是美国的)II、不少于150字the influence ofwestward movement on the American nation...why the Americansalways believe that the government should pay a litimed role ...III. 400字What did the Romanshave in common with the Greeks? and what's the distinct contributions made bythe Romans to European culture?Part TwoI.名词解释5选3（50字）OscarWilde, Heartof Darkness; The Last ofthe Mohicans; Black humour.（还有个忘了）II. 10个选择III. 150字briefly comment Becky Sharp in WilliamMakepeace's Vanity Fair.John Dos Passos'U.S.A.Part Three名词解释I. immediate constituents; analytic languageII. 要举至少两个例子的inflectionalaffix, superordinate, elevation of meaningIII. 语境对意义有什么作用？词语意思的改变对一门语言存活有什么意义？（大概是这么问的）语言学部分，暂时记住这些，最后一道大题考的是Grice的合作原则，a man asks a young girl "how old are you?" she replys " I'm 80!"，it violates the cooperative principle, please explain this phenomenon. 要写500字。
