2012年福建省专升本英语词组

英语词汇分析构词法英语的构词方法有三：合成（composition），派生（derivation）和转换（conversion）。

合成合成：合两个或两个以上的词而成为一个新词，这种构词的方法叫做合成。

1、复合名词的主要构成方式1）名词+名词classroom 教室，newspaper 报纸（2）形容词+名词blackboard 黑板，highway 公路（3）动词+名词break-water 防波堤（4）副词+名词outbreak 爆发，overcoat 大衣（5）代词+名词he-goat 公山羊，she-wolf 母狼（6）动词+副词break-down 崩溃（7）名词+介词短语editor-in-chief 总编辑，father-in-law 岳父2、复合形容词的主要构成方式（1）名词+形容词snow-white 雪白的，world-wide 全世界的（2）形容词+形容词bitter-sweet 又苦又甜的，blue-green 绿里发蓝的（3）副词+形容词ever-green 常绿的（4）名词+分词snow-covered 白雪盖着的，hand-made 手工制作的（5）形容词+分词good-looking 好看的（6）副词+分词well-meaning 好意的，well-informed 消息灵通的（7）形容词+名词second-hand 旧的，用过的，第二手的（8）形容词+名词+-edopen-minded 胸襟开阔的，white-haired 白发的（9）数词+名词+（-ed）two-faced 两面派的3、复合动词的主要构成方式（1）副词+动词overcome 克服，uphold支持，主张（2）名词+动词sun-bathe 行日光浴派生在一个单词前或后加上一个词缀，变成一个新词，这种构词的方法叫做派生，词缀有前缀和后缀两种，加在单词前的词缀，叫前缀，加在单词后的词缀，叫后缀。

1、前缀，现将最常用的一些前缀（按字母顺序）举例如下：anti- 反对anti-Japanese war 抗日战争arch- 主要的arch-enemy 主要敌人auto- 自动的automobile 小汽车，autobiography 自传bi- 双bicycle 自行车，bilingual 用两种语言的by- 在旁bystander 旁观者，by-product 副产品co- 共同co-operation 合作，co-existence 共处counter- 反counter-attack 反攻，de- 除去，否定decentralization 分散，不集中dis- 否定discover 发现，disorder 混乱，杂乱en-，em- 使成为enable 使能够，enslave 奴役，encourage 鼓励ex- 前ex-president 前任主席、总统或大学校长extra- 外extraordinary 非常的，格外的for-， fore- 先，前，预forward 向前,foresee 预见，forearm前臂for- 禁，弃forbid 禁止，forget 忘记in-，il-，im-，ir- 不，非informal 非正式的，incomplete 不完全的，irregular 不规则的inter- 间，相互interview 会见mal- 恶maltreat 虐待micro- 微microscope 显微镜mid- 中mid-night 半夜， mid-autumn 中秋的mis- 误misunderstand 误会， misuse 误用multi- 多multi-national 多民族的non- 非，不nonexistent 不存在的post- 后于post-war 战后的，pre- 先于pre-war 战前的pro- 赞成，亲善pro-American 亲美的re- 重，再，复review 复习sub- 下，次subdivide 细分，再分super- 上，超super-structure 上层建筑tele- 远telephone 电话，telescope望远镜，television 电视trans- 横过，转移transformation 改造，translate 翻译un- 不unable 不能的，unimportant 不重要的，untrue 不真实的uni- 一、单uniform 划一的2、名词后缀-age 状态，集合marriage 婚姻，shortage 缺少，village 村庄-an 人American 美国人，Italian 意大利人，意大利语，African 非洲人-ance，-ancy 性质，状态importance 重要性，significance 意义-ant，-ent 人assistant 助手，助教， student 学生-ation，-ition 动作，状态determination 决心，industrialization 工业化，preparation 准备-craft 技巧，工艺handicraft 手工艺-dom（状态，领界）freedom 自由，kingdom 王国-ee（被动）employee 雇员-eer 人engineer 工程师， volunteer 志愿者-ence，-ency（抽象名词）dependence 依靠，不独立，excellence 卓越-er 人，动作者fighter 战士，worker 工人，writer 作家，harvester 收割机-ese 人，语言Chinese 中国人，中文，Japanese 日本人，日文-ess 女性actress 女演员，princess 公主，hostess 女主人，女乘务员（飞机上）-ful 充满handful 一把，armful 一抱（这些词亦可作为复合词看）-hood 身份，境遇，状态childhood 童年，likelihood 可能性-ian 人musician 音乐家，technician 技术员-ity（抽象名词）possibility 可能性，capability 能力-man 人Englishman 英国人，postman 邮递员（这些词亦可作为复合词看）-ment 运动，结果movement 运动，development 发展-ness 状态，性质kindness 和善，carefulness 小心-or 人，动作者actor 男演员， editor 编辑，tractor 拖拉机-ry，-ery 行为，工作，性质，工作地点，货物种类，境遇等bravery 勇敢，nursery 托儿所，cookery 烹调-ship 状态，身分friendship 友谊，hardship 苦难-tion 动作，状态attention 注意，action 行动，revolution 革命-ty（抽象名词）cruelty 残酷， loyalty 忠实-ure 结果，动作pleasure 快乐，pressure 压力3、形容词后缀-able，-ible 能够unforgettable 难忘的，responsible 负责的-al 的cultural 文化的，national 国家的-an（地，人）的Russian 俄罗斯的，俄罗斯人的，American 美国的，美国人的-ed 有，象talented 有才华的-en 的golden 金色的，wooden 木制的-ern（表示方向的）northern 北方的，eastern 东方的，southern 南方的，western 西方的-ese（地，人）的Chinese 中国的，中国人的，Japanese 日本的，日本人的-ful 充满careful 小心的，beautiful 美丽的，powerful 强有力的-ic，-ical 的economic 经济的，political 政治的，grammatical 语法的-ish 属于，稍微bookish 书本气的，yellowish 稍黄的，selfish 自私的，childish 幼稚的-ive 性，倾向active 积极的， collective 集体的-less 无fearless 无所畏惧的，careless 不小心的，useless 无用的，meaningless 无意义的-like 如childlike 儿童般的（亦可作为复合词看）-ly 品质，的friendly 友好的，weekly 每星期的，manly 丈夫气的，daily 每天的-ous 多nervous 神经紧张的，dangerous 危险的-some 引起，适于，易于troublesome 烦人的，tiresome（令人感到厌倦的）-ward 向backward 落后的-y 充满，性质rainy 雨的，snowy 雪的，handy 手巧的，便于使用的4、动词后缀-ateisolate 使孤立，-en deepen 加深，strengthen 加强-fysimplify 简化，classify 分类-ize，-iseindustrialize 工业化5、副词后缀-lycarefully 小心地，beautifully 美丽地，quickly 迅速地-ward，-wards 向forward 向前，backward 向后，upwards 向上，downwards 向下-wise 方式likewise 同样地，otherwise 否则，用另一种方式转换转换，将一个单词由某一种词类转用为另一种词类，这就叫做转换。

专升本英语常用短语词组1.runoutof用完2.runover辗过3.runthrough跑着穿过4.alltheame仍然5.theamea和一样6.aveonebreath不必白费力7.aveup储蓄,贮存8.eea把看作9.eeb.off给某人送行10.eethrough看穿11.eeto(itthat)务必12.ineaon当令的13.outofeaon不合时令的14.endfor派人去请15.endin递送16.endout发送18.inaene在某种意义上19.makeene有意义20.makeeneof搞清的意思22.etabout着手工作23.etaide搁置24.etback使延迟25.etdown记下26.etforth出发27.etfree释放28.etoff启程29.etout着手30.etup搭建31.behortof缺乏32.cuthort缩减33.forhort缩写34.inhort总而言之35.runhortof缺少36.houtat冲着大嚷37.houtto朝大声喊话38.onhow被展出39.howbaround带某人四周转转40.howoff炫耀41.howup露面42.idebyide并肩43.lowdown慢下来44.andoon/forth等等45.oro大约46.oato如此以致于47.othat如此以致于48.aoona一就49.nooonerthan一就50.oonerorlater迟早专升本英语重点短语1.ortout挑选出2.aortof一种3.allortof各种各样的4.ofaort同一类，相当的5.peakof提起6.peakout说出7.peakfor替讲话8.pendonth.花费(时间、金钱等)在上9.pendindoingth.花费(时间、金钱)做10.tandfor代表，象征11.tandout突出，显眼12.tandup站起来13.tandupto勇敢的面对，经得起14.tartout动身，开始15.tartwith首先，一开始16.tepbytep逐步地17.tepin走进，干预18.tepup提高，加快19.taketep(todoth.)采取行动20.watchonetep小心谨慎，谨慎从事21.tepaide避开,退让22.topdoing停止干23.toptodo停下来干24.topfrom阻止25.butop车站26.booktore书店27.intore储藏着，准备着28.toreaway贮藏起来29.truggleagaint同作斗争30.trugglefor为而斗争31.truggleon继续努力32.truggletodoth.努力，尽力做某事33.ucha例如，诸如34.uchthat如此(以致)35.allofaudden突然地36.uddenattack突然袭击37.beureof对有把握，确信38.makeure查明，确保39.beuretodo一定会40.forure当然，一定，毫无疑问41.inurprie惊奇地42.takebyurprie使吃惊43.tooneurprie令人吃惊的是44.takeafter与相像45.takealong随身带着46.takea把作为47.takeaway去除，拿走48.takedown写下，记下49.takein吸收，领会50.takeoff脱下，起飞专升本英语必备短语1.pullout度过难关2.pullup停下3.onpurpoe成心地4.with/forthepurpoeof为了5.puhin鲁莽地插话;插手6.puhoff走开;离开7.putaide放在一边8.putaway放好9.putdown拒绝10.putforward提出11.putoff推迟12.puton张贴13.putout伸出14.puttoue应用15.putup举起16.putupwith容忍17.inquetion被讨论的18.outofquetion毫无疑问19.outofthequetion不可能20.ontheradio在播送中21.reachanconcluion得出结论22.getreadyfor为做好准备23.byreaonof由于24.with/inregardto关于25.regarda把看作26.regretdoingth.懊悔(对已经做的事情)27.regrettodoth.遗憾(对将要做的事情)28.rememberdoingth.记得以前做过某事29.remembertodoth.记住要去做的事情30.aareult结果31.aareultof由于，作为的结果32.reultin导致33.reultfrom起因于34.inreturn作为报答，作为回报35.inreturnfor作为对的报答36.berichin含有丰富的37.getridof去除38.ridb.ofth.使某人摆脱某物39.giverieto引起，为的原因40.makeroomfor为腾出空位41.takeroot扎根42.rootout铲除，杜绝43.benotallroe不尽如人意，不尽善尽美44.playtheroleof扮演的角色;起作用45.aarule通常46.breaktherule违反规那么47.ruleout排除在外48.rundown撞倒49.runinto撞上50.runoff逃跑。

Aabandon v. 放弃ability n. 1.能力2.能耐，本领aboard ad./prep. 在船（或飞机、车）上，上船(或飞机、车)abroad ad. 到国外，在国外absent a 缺席,不在absolute a. 绝对的，完全的absorb v. 1.吸收2.吸引……的注意，使全神贯注abstract a. 抽象的n.摘要，梗概abundant a.丰富的,充裕的accent n.口音,腔调access n. 1.接近，进入 2.通道have access to 有……的机会，有……权利accident n. 1.意外的事，偶然的事 2.事故by~ 偶然accommodation n.膳宿，住宿accompany v. 1.陪伴,陪同 2.伴随，和……一起发生 3.为……伴奏accomplish v.完成，实现according ad.(to)按照，根据account n. 1.叙述，说明 2.账，账户v.(for)说明on~of 因为，由于take into~把……考虑进去accumulate v.积累，积聚accurate a准确的，精确的accuse v. 1.责备2.指控~…of 指控…，控告…accustomed a.(to)习惯的,惯常的ache v./n.痛，疼痛achieve v.1.完成，实现 2.达到，得到achievement n.成就,成绩acknowledge v.1.承认 2.致谢acquire v.取得，获得，学到act v.1.行动,做2.起作用3.表演n.1.行为，动作2.法令，条例3.（一）幕action n.1.行动,行动过程 2.(on)作用active a.1.活跃的,敏捷的，积极的 2.在活动中的activity n.活动,活跃actor n.男演员actress n.女演员actual a.实际的，事实上的，真实的actually a.实际上adapt v.1.使适应，使适合 2.改编，改写~to/adapt…to 适应add v.1.加，添加 2.进一步说（或写）~to/~…to 为…增添，增加~up to 合计达addition n.1.加，加法 2.附加物in~ 另外，加之in~to 除…之外（还）additional a.附加的，另外的adequate a.1.充足的，足够的 2.适当的，胜任的adjective n.形容词adjust v.1.调整,改变…以适应 2.校正，调整~to/~…to 适应于admire v.钦佩，赞赏，羡慕admission n.1.准许进入 2.承认，供认admit v.1.承认,供认 2.准许…进入，准许…加入adopt v.1.收养 2.采取，采纳，采用adult n.成年人 a.成年的，成熟的advance v.1.前进,向前移动 2.取得进展n. 1.前进，进展 2.预付，预支in~ 预先，事先advanced a.先进的，高级的advantage n.1.优点,优势 2.利益，好处gain/have an ~ over 胜过，优于take ~ of 利用，趁…之机adventure n.1.冒险，冒险活动 2.奇遇advertise v.1.登广告 2.宣扬advertisement/ad n.广告advise v.劝告，建议affair n.事情，事件affect v.1.影响 2.（在感情方面）打动afford v.1.买得起，担负得起 2.提供，给予Africa n.非洲African a.非洲的，非洲人的n.非洲人afterward ad. 后来，以后agency n.代理（处），代办（处）agenda n.1.会议事项 2.议事日程agent n.代理人，代理商agreement n.1.同意，一致 2.协定，协议agriculture n.农业ahead ad.在前，向前、提前~of 在…前，先于aid n.1.帮助，援助 2.助手，辅助手段v.帮助，援助aim v.1.把…瞄准，把…对准2.致力，旨在n.1.瞄准，对准 2.目标，目的~at 瞄准…，以…为目标aircraft n.飞机，飞行器airline n.1.航空公司 2.（飞机的）航线airport n.机场，航空港alarm n.1.惊恐 2.报警器v.1.使惊恐 2.向…报警alcohol n.酒精，乙醇alike n.同样的，相像的alive a.1.活着的 2.有活力的，活跃的allow v.1.允许，准许 2.允给allowance n.津贴，补助alphabet n.字母表alter v.改变，变更alternative n.1.选择之事物 2.选择余地 a.二者选择其一的am/Am (缩)午前，上午amaze v.使大为惊奇，使惊愕ambassador n.大使ambition n.1.雄心，野心 2.热望 3.远大目标ambitious a.有雄心的，野心勃勃的amend v.修正，修订amount n.数量v.(to)合计，共计~to总计，等于amuse v.1.逗乐，逗笑 2.给…提供娱乐analysis n.分析，分解analyze v.分析，分解ancestor n.1.祖先 2.先驱者ancient a.古代的，古老的anger n.怒，愤怒v.使发怒，激怒anniversary n.1.周年 2.周年纪念announce v.宣布，宣告annoy v.使恼怒，使烦恼annual a.每年的，年度的n.年刊，年鉴anticipate v.1.预期 2.希望anxiety n.1.忧虑，焦虑 2.渴望，热望anxious a.1.焦虑的，发愁的 2.渴望的，急切的(be)~about 为……而忧虑anyway ad.不管怎么说，无论如何apart ad.1.相间隔 2.分离，分开～from 除…外apartment n.[美]公寓apologise/apologize v.(to,for)道歉，认错apology n.道歉，认错apparent a.1.表面上的 2.显然的，明显的appeal n./v.(to) 1.恳请，呼吁 2.吸引 3.上诉appear v.1.出现，显露 2.看起来好像，似乎appearance n.1.出现，露面 2.外观，外貌appendix n.1.附录 2.附属物appetite n.1.食欲，胃口 2.欲望，爱好appetizing a.1.开胃的 2.刺激欲望的applause v.1.鼓掌 2.欢呼appliance n.1.电器用具 2.装备applicant n.请求者，申请者application n.1.申请，申请表 2.应用，实施apply v.1.申请，请求 2.应用，运用 3.适用于appoint v.1.任命，委派 2.约定/指定（时间、地点）appointment n.约定/指定（时间、地点）appreciate v.1.重视，欣赏 2.领会，充分意识到 3.为…表示感激approach v.靠近，接近n.1.接近 2.途径，入门 3.方式，方法appropriate a.适当的，恰当的approval n.1.赞成，同意 2.认可，批准approve n.1. .赞成，同意 2.批准，核准arbitration n.仲裁，公断area n.1.面积 2.地区，地哉 3.领域，范围argue v.争论，争辩argument n.1.争论，争辩 2.理由，论据arise v.1.出现，发生 2.由…引起，起源于arouse v.1.引起，激起，唤起 2.唤醒arrange v.1.安排，筹划 2.整理，排列，布置arrest v./n.逮捕，拘留arrival n.到达，到来arrow n.1.箭 2.箭头符号art n.1.美术，艺术 2.技术，技艺 3.[pl.]人文科学article n.1.文章，论文 2.条款，条文 3.件 4.冠词artificial a.1.人工的，人造的，人为的 2.假的，矫揉造作的artist n.艺术家，美术家Asia n.亚洲Asian a.亚洲的，亚洲人的n.亚洲人aside ad.在旁边，到（或向）一边～from…暂且不谈，除…之外asleep a.睡着的aspect n.方面assess v.对……进行评估，评价assign v.1.(to)指派，选派 2.分配，布置（作业） 3.指定（时间、地点等）assignment n.1.（分派的）任务 2.分配，指派assist v.帮助，协助assistant n.1.助手，助理 2.助教 a.助理的，辅助的，副的associate v.1.把……联系在一起，使结合在一起 2.交往n.伙伴，合伙人a.副的～with/~…with 把联系在一起，与…交往association n.1.协会，社团 2.联合，结合，交往 3.联想assume v.1.假定，假设 2.承担assure v.1.说服，使……相信 2.向保证astonish v.使惊讶athlete n.运动员Atlantic a.大西洋的n.[the~]大西洋atmosphere n.1.大气，大气层 2.气氛attach v.1.系，贴，装，连接 2.使成为一部分，使附属 3.使依恋attack v.攻击，进攻n.1.攻击，进攻 2.（疾病的）突然发作attempt v./n.企图，试图attend v.1.出席，参加 2.照料，护理 3.(to)专心于，致力于attendant n.服务员 a.伴随的，陪同的attention n.注意，留心pay~to 注意attitude n.1.态度，看法 2.姿势attract v.吸引，引起……的注意attractive a.有吸引力的，引起注意的audience n.听众，观众，读者Australia n.澳大利亚，澳洲Australian a.1.澳大利亚（人）的 2.澳洲的n.澳大利亚人author n.作者authority n.1.[pl.]官方，发局 2.当权者 3.权力，权威authorize v.授权，委任auto a.汽车automatic a.自动的automobile/auto n.汽车available a.1.可利用的，可获得的 2.可取得联系的avenue n.林荫道，大街average n.平均数，平均 a.1.平均的 2.平常的，通常的v.平均on(the/an) ~平均，通常avoid v.避免，避开await v.（人）等候，期待，（事件等）等待（处理）awake a.醒着的v.唤醒，使觉醒award n.奖，奖品，奖状v.授予，给予aware a.意识到的，知道的(be)~ of 察觉到awful a.1.令人敬畏的，可怕的 2.极度的，极坏的awkward a.1.粗笨的，笨拙的 2.尴尬的，棘手的Bbachelor n.1.单身汉 2.学士background n. 背景backward ad. 向后，朝反方向 a.1.向后的，倒的 2.落后的badly ad. 1.坏，差，拙劣地2.严重地，厉害地 3.非常baggage n. 行李balance v. 1.使平衡2.称（重量）n. 1.平衡,称 2.平衡，均衡 3.结存，结欠keep one’s~ 保持平衡banquet n. 宴会，酒会bar n.1. 酒吧间2.条，块，杆v.阻止，拦阻bare a. 1.赤裸的，不穿衣服的，不戴帽的 2.光秃秃的，无遮盖的 3.仅仅的，勉强的v.露出，暴露bargain n.1.交易2.特价商品v. 讨价还价barrier n. 1.栅栏，屏障 2.障碍，障碍物base n. 1.基，底 2.基础v. (on)把…建立在…基础上basic a. 基本的，基础的basin n. 1.盆，脸盆 2.盆地basis n. 基础，根据on the ~ of 根据bathe v. 1.[美]给…洗澡 2.游泳battery n. 电池（组）battle n. 战役，战斗，斗争v. 作战，搏斗bay n.1.(海或湖泊的) 湾 2.山脉的低凹处beach n.海滩，湖滩，河滩bear n.熊v.1.忍受，容忍2.负担，承担 3.结（果实），生（孩子）～…in mind 记住（某事）～on/upon 压迫;依靠；与……有关beast n. 兽，野兽，牲畜beg v. 1.乞讨,乞求 2.恳求，请求behalf n. 利益on ~ of 代表，为了b ehave v. 1.举止，表现 2.（机器等）运转behavior(u)r n. 1.行为，举止 2.（机器等）运转情况being n. 1.存在,生存 2.生物，人belief n.1.相信 2.信念，信仰belt n. 带，腰带，皮带bench n. 长凳，长椅bend n. 弯曲，弯曲处v. 使弯曲beneath prep. 在…下面，在…底下ad. 在下方，在底下benefit n. 益处，好处v. 有益于，得益besides ad. 而且，此外prep. 除…之外（还）bet v. 打赌，以…打赌，与…打赌n.1.打赌 2.赌金，赌注beyond prep. 1.在…的外边，远于2.超出ad.在更远处Bible n. 圣经bid n./v 出价，投标bill n.1.账单 2.法案billion num.1.[美，法]十亿（的） 2.[英、德]万亿（的）bind v. 捆绑，捆扎biology n. 生物学bite n./v 咬，叮bitter a.1.痛苦的 2.有苦味的blame v.1.指责，责备，责怪 2.(on,onto)归咎于，把……归咎于n.1.（过错、事故等的）责任 2.指责，责备be to~ 应受谴责，应负责任blank a.1.空白的，空着的 2.茫然的，无表情的n.1.空白 2.空白表格，空白处blend v. 混合n. 混合物，掺和物blind a.1.瞎的，失明的 2.盲目的v.使失明block n.1.街区，街段 2.大块（木料或石料、金属、冰） 3.障碍物，阻塞物v. 堵塞，阻塞blood n.1.血，血液 2.血统，门第blouse n .（妇女穿的）短上衣;女衬衫blow v.1.吹，吹动 2.吹气，充气 3.吹响 4.爆炸n.一击，打击,捶打~ up 炸毁…；充气board n. 1.板，木板,纸板 2.委员会，董事会 3.（指包饭的）伙食v.上（船、车、飞机）上on ~ 在船（车、飞机）上boil v. 沸腾，煮沸bold a. 1.勇敢的,无畏的 2.冒失的 3.粗体的，黑体的bomb n. 炸弹v. 轰炸，投弹bond n..1.联结，联系2.公债，债劵bone n. 骨，骨骼bonus n. 奖金，额外酬金border n.1.边，边缘，界线 2.边界，边境v.与…接壤;毗邻bore v. 1.使厌烦，使厌倦2.钻（孔），凿（井），挖（通道）n. 令人讨厌的（或事）bother v. 1.打扰，麻烦 2.担心，烦恼n. 烦恼bottom n. 底，底部bound a.1.一定的，必然的 2.受约束的，有义务的 3.(for,to)开往（或驶往）……的v. 跳跃，弹回be ~ to 必定；一定boundary n. 1.分界线 2.边界bowl n. 碗，钵brain n.1. 脑，[pl]脑髓，脑浆 2.头脑，智力，[常作pl.]智慧branch n.1.树枝，分枝 2.（机构的）分部，分号 3.（学科的）分科，分支brand n. 商标，（商品的）牌子v.1.打烙印于，以烙铁打（标记） 2.把……铭刻，铭刻于breath n. 气息，呼吸catch one’s ~ 1.踹气 2.（因紧张、激动等）屏息out of ~ 喘不过气来，上气不接下气breathe v. 呼吸brick n. 砖brief a. 简短的v. 向…作简要的介绍in ~简言之，简单地说brilliant a. 1.光辉的，灿烂的 2.桌越的，杰出的Britain n. 不列颠，英国British a. 不列颠（人）的，英国（人）的n. [the ~]英国人broad a. 1.宽的，阔的，广阔的 2.广泛的broadcast n./v. 广播，播放brochure n. 小册子broker n. 经纪人broom n. 扫把brush n.1. 刷子，毛刷2.画笔v. 刷，写，画，掸，拂，擦budget n. 预算（表）v. 编列预算bulletin n.公告，告示burden n.负担burst n./v. 爆炸，爆裂~ into tears 突然哭起来bury v. 埋葬，掩埋business n.1.商业，生意 2.事务on ~因公，因事butter n. 黄油，奶油v. 涂黄油于…上button n. 纽扣，按纽v. 扣上，扣紧Ccable n.1.索，缆 2.电缆 3.电报v.发电报cafe n.咖啡馆calculate v.1.计算，核算 2.计划，打算calendar n.日历，月历calm a.1.平静的，无风的 2.镇静的，镇定的v.使平静，使镇定camera n.照相机，录音机camp n.野营，营地，帐篷v.设营，宿营campaign n.战役，运动campus n.校园Canadian n.1.加拿大的 2.加拿大人的n.加拿大人cancel n.1.取消,撤消 2.删去，划掉cancer n.癌candidate n.1.候选人，候补者 2.投考者，申请求职者cap n.1.帽子，便帽 2.帽状物，盖，套，罩capable a.有能力的,有才能的~ of 1.有……的能力（或技能）的capacity n.1.容量，容积 2.能力capital n.1资本，资金 2.大写字母 a.主要的，基本的captain n.1.上尉，队长 2.船长,舰长capture v./n. 捕获，俘获carbon n.碳career n.生涯，职业careless a.粗心的，疏忽的cargo n.船货，货物carpet n.地毯cart n.大车，手推车cartoon n.1.卡通 2.草图case n.1.情况 2.病例 3.案件 4.箱，盒in any ~ 无论如何，不管怎样in ~如果，万一in ~ of 假如，如果发生;预备in no ~无论如何不，决不cash n.钱，现款cashier n.出纳员cassette n.盒式录音带cast v.1.投,扔，抛 2.浇铸，铸造casual n.1.随便的，非正式的 2.偶然的，碰巧的catalogue n.目录，目录簿（册）v.1.将……编入目录 2.将（书籍、资料等）编目分类cattle n.牛cause n.1.原因，起因，理由 2.事业，（奋斗的）目标v.使产生，引起cave n.洞穴，山洞cease v./n.停止,终止ceiling n.1.天花板 2.上限celebrate v.庆祝cell n.1.细胞 2.小房间 3.电池cent n.分，分币centigrade a.1.百分度的 2.摄氏的n.摄氏（温度计量）centimeter/centimeter n.厘米central a.1.中央的,中心的 2.主要的，起支配作用的century n.世纪,百年ceremony n.1.典礼,仪式 2.礼节，礼仪certificate n.证（明）书，执照chain n.1.链,链条 2.一连串，连锁v.用链条拴住chairman n.主席,议长，会长challenge n.挑战,困难v.向……挑战champagne n.香槟酒champion n.冠军channel n.1.海峡，水道，航道 2.渠道 3.频道chapter n.章,回，篇character n.1.性格，品质 2.特性，特征 3.人物，角色 4.（书写或印刷）符号，（汉）字符characteristic a.特有的，典型的n.特性，特征charge v.1.索价，要……支付 2.控告，指控 3.充电n.1.价钱，收费2控告，指控 3.电荷，充电free of ~免费in ~ of 负责，主管take ~掌管，负责chart n.图, 图表chase v./n.追逐chat v.1. 闲谈 2.畅谈cheat v.欺骗,骗取，作弊n.1.欺骗，欺诈行为 2.骗子check v.1.检查,核对 2.制止n.1.检查，复核 2.支票~in 办理登记手续~ out 结账离去，办妥手续离去cheer v.1.使振奋，使高兴2.欢呼，喝彩n.1.振奋，欢呼，喝彩 2.[pl.]干杯~ up 高兴起来，振作起来cheerful a.愉快的，高兴的cheese n.乳酪，干酪chemical a.化学的n.化学制品chemist n.药剂师chemistry n.化学cheque n.支票chest n.1.胸,胸腔 2.柜子，橱chief n.领袖,首领 a.主要的，首要的childhood n.童年，幼年chocolate n.巧克力Christian n.基督教徒 a.基督教的church n.1.教堂2.[C-]教会cigaret(te)n.香烟circle n.1.圆，圆周 2.圈子，阶层v.环绕，旋转circumstance n.1.环境,条件，情况 2.[pl.]境遇，状况citizen n.1.公民 2.市民，城镇居民civilization/civilization n.文明，文化claim v.1.宣称 2.对…提出要求，索取n.1.宣称 2.索赔clarify v.澄清,阐明classic n.[pl.]杰作，名著 a.模范的，一流的classical a.古典的，经典的classify v.把……分类，把……分级clause n.条款clerk n.职员client n.1.委托人 2.顾客climate n.气候cloth n.1.布，织物，衣料 2.（一块）抺布clothe v.给……穿衣服，给……提供衣服coach n..1.长途公共汽车 2.（铁路）旅客车厢 3.教练v.训练，指导coal n.煤，煤块coast n.海岸，海滨code n.1.准则，法规 2.密码，电码，代码coin n.硬币，钱币v.铸币collar n.1.衣领，领子 2.（狗等的）项圈colleague n.同事，同僚collection n.1.收集，采集 2.收藏品collective a.集本的，共同的n.团体，集体column n.1.柱，圆柱;柱形物 2.栏，（报刑中的）专栏comb n.梳子v.梳理combination n.1.结合，联合 2.化合，化合物combine v.结合，联合，化合comfort n.安慰，舒适v.安慰，慰问，使舒适comfortable a.舒适的，舒服的，舒坦的command v./n. 命令，指挥n.掌握，运用能力comment n./v.注解，评论commerce n.商业，贸易commercial a.商业的，商务的n.电视广告commission n.1.授权，委托 2.佣金，回扣 3.委员会commit v.犯（罪），干（坏事）(be ) ~ted to 承诺，交付committee n,委员会commodity n商品common a.1.平常的，普通的 2.共同的in ~共用的，共有的communicate v.1.传达，传送 2.交流，通讯，交际communication n.1.传达，通讯，交流 2.[pl.]通讯系统，交通（工具）community n.社区，社会commute v.1.每天往返上下班 2.定期往返 3.变换compact a.1.紧密的 2.坚定的 3.简洁的companion n.同伴，伴侣company n.1.公司，商号 2.同伴，陪伴comparable a.可与……相比的，敌得上……的compare v.比较，对照~…to… 把……比作……~ with 与……比较，与……相媲美compatible a.1.相容的 2.谐调的 3.一致的compensate v.1.赔偿 2.报酬 3.抵补~ for 弥补，补偿compete v.竞争，比赛competent a.有能力的，胜任的competiton n.竞争，比赛competitive a.竞争的complain v.1.抱怨，发牢骚 2.投拆complaint n.1.抱怨，诉苦，怨言 2.控告，控诉complete a.完整的，完全的，圆满的v.完成，使完整complex a.1.综合的 2.复杂的n.综合体complicated a.复杂的，难懂的component n.(组)成（部）分，部件，元件compose v.1.组成，构成 2.创作（音乐、文学作品），为……谱曲composition n.1.构成，组成，成份 2.作文，作品，乐曲 3.写作，作曲compound a.复合的，化合的n.化合物，复合物comprehension n.理解（力）comprise v.1.包含，包括，由……组成 2.构成，形成compromise n,妥协，折中办法concentrate v.1.集中，专心 2.集合，聚集 3.浓缩concept n.概念，观念，思想concern n.1.关心，挂念 2.关系，关联v.1.涉及，有关 2.关心，挂念as/so far as…be ~ed 就……而言(be)~ed about 关心，操心(be)~ed with 有关，涉及concerning prep.关于concert n.音乐会，演奏会conclude .v.1.推断出，推论出 2.作出（最后）决定 3.结束，终止conclusion n.1.结论，推论 2.结束，终结condition n.1.状况，状态 2.[pl.]环境 3.条件on ~ that 如果conduct n.举止，行为v.1.处理，管理 2.指挥 3.传导，传（热、电）conductor n.1.（汽、电车上的）售票员；（火车上的）列车员 2.（乐队、合唱队）指挥 3.（电）导体conference n.（正式）会议confess v.坦白，供认，承认confidence n.信任，信心，自信confident a.确信的，自信的confidential a.秘密的，不公开的confine v.限制，使局限~ to限定；把……禁闭confirm v.1.证实，肯定 2.进一步确定 3.批准，确认conflict n./v.冲突，抵触，战斗conform v.1.(to)与……一致，符合confront v.1.面对 2.遭遇 3.对抗confuse v.使混乱，混淆congratulate v.祝贺，向……道喜congress n.1.代表大会 2.国会，议会connect v.连接，连结，联系~ to 连接，相连~ with 与……相连conscious a.1.(of) 有意识的，自觉的 2.神志清醒的consequence n.结果，后果in ~ 因此，结果consequently ad.所以，因此conservative a.保守的人，守旧的，传统的n.保守的人，反对进步的人conserve v.保持considerable a.1.相当大的 2.值得考虑的considerate a.考虑周到的，体谅的consideration n.1.考虑 2.要考虑的事consist v.1.(of)组成，构成 2.(in)在于，存在于constant a.1.不断的，连续发生的 2.始终如一的，恒定的 3.忠实的，坚定的constraint n.1.强制 2.拘束 3.压迫感construction n.1.建筑，构筑 2.建造物，建筑物consul n,领事consulate n,领事馆consult v.1.请教，向……咨询，找……商量 2.查阅，查看consultant n.1.咨询者，求教者 2.顾问，专家consume v.消耗，花费consumer n,消费者，用户consumption n,1.消耗量，消费量2,消耗，消费contact v./n.接触，联系，交往contain v.包含，容纳container n.1.容器 2.集装箱content n.1.[pl.]内容，（书刊的）目录 2.容量，含量 a.满意的，甘愿的contest n.竞争，竞赛，比赛v.竞赛，比赛，争论context n.1.上下文 2.某事之前后关系continent n.大陆，洲continual a.不停的，连续的continue v.延伸，继续，连续continuous a.连续不断的，不断延伸的contract n.合同v.1.订合同，订契约 2.使缩小，使收缩contradict v.同……矛盾，同……抵触contrary a.相反的，对抗的n.相反，相反事物，对立面on the~ 正相反contrast v.1.对比，对照 2.形成对比n.对比，对照in ~ to 与……相比contribute v.1.(to)捐献，捐助，贡献 2.投稿control v./n.1. 控制，支配 2.克制，抑制out of ~ 失去控制under ~ 处于控制之下convenient a.方便的，省力的conversation n.谈话，会话convert v.转变，转化~ into 改变，把……改成；兑换~ to 转变成；使……改变conversion n.转变，转化，转换convey v.1.运送，输送，搬运 2.传送，传达，表达convince v.使确信，使信服cooperate v.合作，协作，配合coordinate v.调节，协调cope v.(with)对付，应付copper n.铜copyright n.版权，著作权 a.有版权的core n.1.果心 2.核心，要点corn n.谷物，小麦，玉米corporation n.公司correspond v.1.(go,with)与……一致 2.(to)相当，相类似correstpondence n.1.通信，函电 2.相当correspondent n.1.通信者 2.通讯记者 3.有业务往来者corresponding a.1.相应的，相当的，对等的 2.符合的，一致的，相同的costly a.昂贵的，代价高的cotton n.1.棉，棉花 2.棉线，绵纱council n,委员会，理事会counter n.1.柜台 2.计数器v.反对，对抗ad.反方向地，对立地countryside n.农村，乡下couple n.1.夫妻v.连接，结合，偶合 a ~ of 一对，几个courage n.勇气，胆识course n.1.课程，教程 2.过程，进程 3.(一)道（菜）court n.1.法庭，法院 2.球场 3.院子courteous a.有礼貌的cousin n.堂（或表）兄弟，堂（或表）姐妹craft n.1.手艺，技艺 2.船，航空器，航天器crash n./v.碰，撞，坠落，坠毁n.破裂声，撞击声crazy a.1.发疯的，荒唐的 2.(about)狂热爱好的，迷的cream n.奶油，（含）奶油食品，奶油状物create v.1.创造，创作 2.引起，产生creature n.生物，动物，人credit n.1.信用贷款2.信用，信誉3.荣誉，赞扬，功劳4.学分v.记入贷方crew n.全体船员，全体机组人员、一队（或一班、一组）工作人员crime n.罪，罪行，犯罪criminal n.罪犯，犯人 a.犯罪的，刊事的crisis n.危机，危急关头，决定性时刻critical a.1.批评的，批判的 2.决定性的，关键性的crucial a.1.极重要的 2.严重的crude a .1. 简陋的，粗糙的 2.天然的，未加工的 3.粗鲁的，粗俗的cruel a.残酷的，残忍的crystal n.1.水晶，石英晶体 2.晶粒 a.清澈透明的，水晶制的，晶体的cube n.1.立方形，立方体 2.立方，三次幂culture n.1.文化，文明 2.教养，修养cupboard n.碗橱，小橱，柜cure v.1.治愈，治好 2.消除，改正n.1.治愈，治疗，疗法 2.药物curious a.好奇的currency n.1.通货，货币 2.流通，通用current n.1.（空气、水等的）流，潮流，流速 2.电流a.1.现时的，当前的 2.通行的，流行的curse n./v.诅咒，咒骂cursor n.光标curtain n.窗帘，幕布curve n.曲线，弧线，弯曲v.（使）弯曲，（使）成曲线cushion n.垫子，坐垫custom n.1.习惯，风俗，惯例 2.[pl.]海关，关税customer n.顾客，主顾cycle n.1.自行车，摩托车 2.循环，周期v.1.骑自行车，骑摩托车 2.循环，作循环运动Ddream n. 梦，梦想，幻想v. 做梦。

2012年福建省高职高专升本科入学考试大学英语试卷(考试时间120分钟，满分150分)答题说明：（1）选择题部分的答案请在答题卡上相应的字母中间划横线，如[A]。

（2）主观题的答案写在答题纸上相应的位置。

注意事项：答案写在试卷上一律不给分。

Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure (45 Points, 1.5 for each)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.1. He is an artist, so these economic terms are not familiar him.A. withB. ofC. toD. on2.—Did Peter fix the computer himself?—He ,because he doesn’t know much about computers.A. has it fixedB. had fixed itC. had it fixedD. fixed it3. It is the training that he had as a young man made him such a good architect.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. has4. You must remember to all your belongings out of this office today.A. fetchB. take awayC. bringD. take5. They became friends again that day. Until then, they to each other for nearly two years.A. didn’t speakB. hadn’t spokenC. haven’t spokenD. haven’t been speaking6. do you change the cell for your watch?A. How manyB. How oftenC. How littleD. How soon7. The criminal always paid_____ cash, so the police could not track him down.A. onB. byC. forD. in8. It is impossibly to with a person whose methods are completely opposed to you own.A. cooperateB. correspondC. competeD. compare9. The number of the people who __ cars increasing.A. owns; areB. owns; isC. own; isD. own; are10. It’s important that the plan ahead of schedule.A. should fulfillB. fulfilledC. fulfillD. be fulfilled11. There was no much time left, so the teacher just talked about the topic .A. in detailB. in briefC. in shortD. in all12. ___ to the doctor right away, he might have been alive.A. If he wentB. Were he goneC. Should he have goneD. Had he gone13. He will surely finish the job on time _______ he's left to do it in his own way.A. in thatB. so long asC. in caseD. as far as14. Many companies are seeking to exploit and develop the rich natural in western regions.A. sourcesB. resourcesC. materialsD. power15. _____his sister, Jack is quiet and does not easily make friends with others.A. DislikeB. UnlikeC. AlikeD. Liking16. Can you the TV set for me so that it is not too bright.A. switchB. balanceC. changeD. adjust17. No one except Jack and Tom the answer.A. knowB. knowsC. is knowingD. are known18. Some local companies are making great efforts to _ __ with foreign companies for a share of the market.A. connectB. combineC. completeD. compare19. ___ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.A. Having sufferedB. Being sufferC. To sufferD. Suffered20. As it turned out to be a small party, we so formally.A. needn't have dressed upB. mustn't have dressed upC. didn't need to dress upD. needn't dress up21. —Do you need any help, Lucy?—Yes, the job is I could do myself.A. less thanB. more thanC. no more thanD. not more than22. In order to finish the task in time we must agree a plan of action.A. withB. onC. toD. in23. _____ he referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader.A. ThatB. WhatC. WhetherD. Where24. He did have a lot of facts to ____ his arguments.A. back upB. bring outC. count onD. confine to25. His movie won several awards at the film, was beyond his wildest dream.A. whichB. thatC. whereD. it26. He would rather such dishonest business deals.A. to resign than to take part inB. resigning than to take part inC. resign than take part inD. to resigning than taking part in27. Last week，only two people came to look at the house，________wanted to buy it.A. none of themB. both of themC. none of whomD. neither of whom28. He is an outstanding lawyer; _______, he should have a high status in society.A. thereforeB. becauseC. howeverD. and then29. your book and do the work first .You may read it later.A. Put outB. Put awayC. Put upD. Put on30. It not so difficult to teach students.A. smartB. fashionableC. sensitiveD. vitalII. Cloze (15 points, 1 for each)Directions: There are 15 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark your choice by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Shopping for clothes is not the 31 experience for a man as it is for a woman. A man goes shopping because he needs something. His purpose is settled and decided in __32__. He knows what he wants, and his objective is to find it and buy it; the price is a secondary 33 . All men simply walk into a shop and ask the assistant for what they want. If the shop has it in 34 , the salesman promptly produces it, and the business of 35 it on proceeds at once. And if all 36 well, the deal can be and often is completed in less than five minutes, with 37 any chat and to everyone's satisfaction.Now how does a women go out buying clothes? Her shopping is not often _38 _on need. She has 39 fully decided what she wants, and she is only "having a look 40 ". She is always open to persuasion. Indeed she gets great store by what salesman tells her, even by what companions tell her. She will try on any number of things. Uppermost in her mind 41 the thought of finding something that everyone thinks suits her. 42 to a lot of jokes, Most women have an excellent sense of value and are always on the look-out for the unexpected _43_. Faced with a roomful of dresses, a woman nay easily 44 an hour going from one rail to another, to and fro, often retracting her steps, before selecting the dresses she wants to try on. It is a laborious process, but apparently a(n) __45__one. Most dress shops provide chairs for the waiting husbands.31. A. similar B. different C. same D. time consuming32. A. detail B. advance C. time D. mind33. A. matter B. thing C. objective D. consideration34. A. saler B. stock C. store D. supply35. A. putting B. testing C. examining D. trying36. A. is B. goes C. happening D. being37. A. hardly B. no C. nor D. seldom38. A. decided B. put C. depended D. based39. A. nevertheless B. already C. never D. yet40. A. round B. about C. at D. for41. A. was B. is C. were D. are42. A. According B. As C. So as D. Contrary43. A. bargain B. fashion C. style D. mode44. A. use B. cost C. spend D. need45. A. worthwhile B. tolerant C. enjoyable D. tiresomeIII.Reading Comprehension (45 points)Directions: There are 3 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and then mark your choice by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Questions 46-50 are based on the following passage:Colds are very common. The symptoms of the common cold include a sore throat, runny nose, stuffed-up nose（鼻塞）, and tiredness. Colds are caused by viruses（病毒）, but scientists cannot explain the exact cause. There is no cure. Many people, however, believe that they know the causes of and cures for the common cold. For example, they believe that it is possible to get a cold if we get chilled, if we get extra tired, or if we are too close to a person with a cold. In other words, if we want to prevent catching cold, we should stay warm and dry; we should avoid getting too tired, and we should not be in close contact with people who have colds.Meanwhile, there are probably hundreds of "cures" throughout the world for the common cold. For example, the following suggestions are popular in quite a number of societies: (l ) drink plenty of water; (2) get extra rest; (3) take a lot of vitamin C, (4) take aspirin; (5) keep warm.Each year people spend a lot of money on cold medicines -- pills, liquids, lozenges (含片).But these medicines do not cure colds they can only relieve cold symptoms. In other words, they make us feel better.46. The passage is mainly about _______.A. looking for the common coldB. some facts about the common coldC. introducing some patientsD. new medicines for curing the common cold47. According to the passage, people with colds feel ______.A. quietB. activeC. thirstyD. tired48. To prevent catching cold, you ______.A. should keep away from a person who has a coldB. should wash your hair in cold weatherC. should go out on a rainy dayD. should make yourself tired49. Which of the following is NOT a "cure" for the common cold?A. Take a lot of vitamin C.B. Drink plenty of water.C. Put on as many clothes as possible.D. Get more rest.50. Which of the following is true about the common cold?A. Scientists are close to finding a cure for colds.B. There are hundreds of symptoms of the common cold.C. Many people know what causes the common cold.D. There are no medicines that can cure colds.Questions 51-55 are based on the following passage:being happy is just being fit with a new guide book saying you need to practice the skills needed to get this emotion，even during the darkest times.Road­testing Happiness：How to be Happier by Australian journalist and author Sophie Scott is a self­help book with a difference.“Being happy is something you need to focus on；it doesn’t come as a matter of course，” Scott said.“You always need to make an effort to be happy，even if you reach the point of saying you are contented，you still need to keep focusing and working on the things that made you happy.”Scott also said the book was born out of her interest in the human mind as well as how difficult she found it to cope after her mother died of cancer two years ago.“I was always interested in psychology，but a lot of happiness books don’t address the fact that you can be happy even if your life isn’t going according to plan. The key is managing expectations.” She says，“In the book，I focused on what were the things most likely to make people happy，the ones with the most scientific evidence.” People should think that being happy is yet another task you have to do and then feel guilty when you don’t do it. Scott says the road to a positive outlook begins with very easy，small steps.Women today feel overloaded(超负荷)：they’ve got to be thin，got to have a career，got to have a perfect relationship so the last thing you need is to be thinking you’ve got to be happy all the time,” she said.“But it is important to improve your quality of life. Stop rushing around and filling each moment of the day with things to do，and then sit down and think about your life and how you’re feeling. The things I got out of this were not things that take a lot of effort：feeling more grateful for the things you’ve got；adjusting your reaction to situations and people. It’s about changing small habits，more tinkering around the edges instead of totally checking and changing your life.”51.By saying “being happy is just like being fit”，the author probably means________.A．people should practice how to remain happyB．people should spend more time working outC．keeping happy is the key to continuing our lifeD．it’s difficult for people to keep happy all the time52. Why the Scott unsatisfied the happiness book written by other writers?A. They are not based on psychological analysis.B. There is a lack of scientific facts in these books.C. He wants to show his books is the greatest one.D. They haven’t offered readers completed solutions.53．What should we do if we want to remain happy in Scott’s opinion?A．Do some scientific research into the skills of being happy.B．Work hard to achieve your expectations.C．Read more books about psychological activities.D．Think that being happy is a very important task to do.54. In the last paragraph, Scott suggest thatA．people should sit down and think of their childhood.B．people shouldn’t work so hard and be so overloaded.C．people should change their attitudes towards daily life.D．people should take their quality of life for granted.55．Which of the following can best reflect Scott’s opinion?A．Happiness lies in our contentment.B．Happiness originates from our success.C．A smile always makes a young man.D．Laughing can make a young man.Questions 56-60 are based on the following passage:For a long time women with HIV were ignored because the focus was totally on HIV men. The gay community was very much in sight and vocal (呼声高的) and successfully got support for its cause. Now we are rapidly approaching the point where about one half of all AIDS cases in the world are women. But no one is taking this dangerously high level of infection among women seriously enough.Women usually have a worse time dealing with HIV than men do. In most cases, the woman is talking care of children as well as her sick partner. She may not even have time to take care of herself. The HIV-positive woman ends up shouldering the family as well as her own personal problems. Men, however, are usually the ones who have insurance, income and access to doctors. They get care. Women often do not.The discrimination against HIV-positive women is simply terrible. They are likely to be more inactive than men in the home and workplace because too many people think that women are the cause of the disease. This is not at all true. They get it from men. They don’t just simply have HIV.Of course, there’s social discrimination against all people with HIV. People with HIV, then, are scared that other people will know they are HIV-positive and that they will, therefore, be discriminated against. For example, it’s very difficult for people with HIV to travel. They are not allowed to enter many countries, including the United States, China and Russia.The biggest difficulty an HIV-positive woman must face is isolation. Once a woman knows she’s HIV-positive, she lives in fear that other people will find out. She’s so frightened, she will go into hiding, into an isolated place by herself. It’s not at all uncommon to meet a woman who has been HIV-positive for nearly 10 years and has never told anyone, except her doctor. And the resulting stress is enough to make her sick. But HIV’ positive women who get support, who can discuss their trouble and then do something about it--whether that means taking better care of themselves or going to the United Nations to struggle for their rights--are likely to live longer. Active women don’t die out of shame in a comer. This happens to too many HIV-positive women.56. Women with HIV were ignored for a long time because _________A. they didn’t become infected with HIV very oftenB. they didn’t often ask people to support their causeC. the public focused on men who were HIV positiveD. the public thought women could take care of themselves57. Why do women have more trouble with HIV than men do?A. Women are infected more often than men.B. Women with AIDS cannot enter some countries.C. Women are not as vocal as men with HIV are.D. Women do not take care of themselves as well.58. Why are women with HIV discriminated against?A. They are not active at home and don’t work.B. Men don’t like women who are HIV positive.C. They are much weaker than men with HIV.D. People think they are the cause of the disease.59. The greatest difficulty that HIV-positive women face is ________A. lack of moneyB. pain of the diseaseC. unemploymentD. keeping to themselves60. What should a woman with AIDS keep from doing?A. Getting support from others with AIDS.B. Discussing their trouble with their doctors only.C. Struggling for their rights as people with AIDS.D. Making other people frightened of them.Section B short Answer Questions(15 points, 3 for each)Directions: Answer each of the following questions in less than 10 words. How to Talk to Anyone, Anytime, Anywhere.I never wanted to be anything but a broadcaster, a talker. And for 40 years, I’ve been doing justthat. To me, the ability to talk well is one of the great pleasures in life and can bring with it some of life’s greatest rewards.I’m not saying it’s always easy. But the more you work at it, the easier it will be. To get you started, here are my six basic rules for learning how to talk anyone, anytime, anywhere:Attitude CountsAfter that failure in Miami, I made a commitment to keep talking even when it might not be comfortable--in other words, to work at it. The right attitude--the will to talk--is decisive to becoming a better talker.I think one reason I’ve had a certain amount of success in broadcasting is that the audience can see I love what I’m doing. You can’t pretend that.Broaden Your Horizons The best conversationalists are able to talk about issues and experiences beyond their own daily lives. You can expand your world through travel, but you can also do it without leaving your own backyard. Talking with people who have backgrounds different from your own can help improve your conversational skills and your thinking.Keep It Light One of my important rules of conversation is never to stay too serious too long. Similarly, a key quality I look for in a potential guest is a sense of humor. If the guest is not afraid of making fun of himself/herself, it is most appealing to the audience.Be Genuine Anybody I’ve ever talked to for more than a few minutes knows at least two things about me: I’m from Brooklyn. New York, and I’m Jewish. That’s because I’m deeply proud of both. You should be as open and honest with your conversational partners as you’d want them to be with you, willing to reveal what your background is and what your likes and dislikes are. That’s part of the give-and-take of conversation, part of getting to know people.Whether you’re talking to one person or a million, the rules are the same: It’s all about making a connection. If you follow all these rules given in the passage, you can become a master of talk. 61. The author regards the ability to___________ as one of the great pleasures in life.22. The author thinks the right attitude, i.e.,____________ is critical to becoming a better talker. 63. Exchanging ideas with people of different backgrounds will help improve our___________ and our thinking.64. When looking for a potential guest, the author will try to find if the guest has_______________.65. If we follow all these rules given in the passage, we will certainly become____________.Ⅳ.Translation(20 points, 4 for each)Directions: In this part,there are five sectences which you are required to translate into Chinese, These sentences are all taken from the reading passages you have just read. You can refer back to the passages so as to identify their meaning in the context.66. In other words, if we want to prevent catching cold, we should stay warm and dry, we should avoid getting too tired, and we should not be close contact with people who have colds.Ⅴ.Writing (25 points)Directions:For this part you are required to Write a letter. Suppose you were Xiao Li. Write a letter to Xiao Wang, a schoolmate of yours who is going to visit you during the hoiday.You should write at least 100 words according to the suggestions given below in Chinese:(根据下面的两点中文提示，写一封不少于100个英文单词的书信)1、表示欢迎。

专升本英语155条常用词组汇总1. enable sb to do sth使某人能做某事eg. The computer enables people to communicate with each other more conveniently. /计算机使人们彼此间能更方便地交流。

2. be about to do sth… when正要做某事……突然……eg. I was about to go shopping when it suddenly began to rain. /我刚要出去买东西，天就突然下雨了。

3. by accident / by chance / accidentally偶然地4. come across sb偶然遇见5. act on sth依……行事eg. Each student should act on the rules and regulations of the school. /每个学生都应该遵守学校的规章制度。

6. add to / add up to加上/总计达eg. The number of the patients added up to three hundred last week. /上星期，病人人数达到了三百人。

7. in advance / ahead of time提前8. after all毕竟9. agree to do sth / agree with sb/ agree to sth10. aim at doing sth下定目标做某事eg. Aiming at winning the game， he practiced hard every day. /为赢得比赛，他每天努力练习。

11. allow / permit / forbid doing sth允许/允许/禁止做某事12. allow / permit/ forbid sb to do sth允许/允许/禁止某人做某事13. apologize to sb for sth因某事向某人道歉14. take sth in one's arms抱着……15. arrive at a conclusion得出结论16. put sb to shame使某人相形见绌eg. His courage put all the other students to shame. /他的勇气令其他学生都感到惭愧不如。

福建专升本大学英语词汇归纳Unit 11、 colorful drawing彩图2、 make good use of充分利用3、 in theory理论上4、 in practice实际上5、 be used to习惯于 be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事6、 new surroundings新环境7、stand on one’s feet自立,独立自主8、 a walking stick拐杖9、 communicate with sb.与某人交往 10、 play a role in在…… 中起作用11、 atom bomb原子弹12、 hunt for a job找工作 13、 academic score成绩14、 take part in参加,参与 15、sharpen one’s ability提高能力16、 deal with处理,对付 17、 be involved in sth.参与某事18、 pay attention to注意 19、 pick up拣起20、 a precious stone 宝石 21、 fit (sth. in (with sth. (使与某事相协调22、 get along(with sb./ sth.与(某人相处(融洽 ; (某事进展23、 up to不多于;不迟于 24、 in return作为回报Unit 21、 set off出发 set off for出发到某地2、 try (sth. on 试穿3、 give way (to 让步;让位4、 well up涌上,升起5、 hold oneself / sth.in 控制(感情 , 抑制6、 ay for sb./ sth.为…… 祈祷7、 in some manner以某种方式8、 stare at sb. / sth.盯着…… 看 9、 prepare sb for sth. 使…… 习惯于10、 do sb a favor帮某人忙 11、 have to do with和…… 有关12、 after all毕竟 13、 devote oneself / sth. to 把…… 献给 14、 bedtime kiss临睡前的亲吻 15、 hold on to握住,抓住16、 pull away退走,抽出17、 waiting for the other shoe to drop 等着不愉快而总要发生的事发生18、 have (something / nothing / little / much to do sth和某事 /某人有(或没有关系 Unit 31、 learn by heart牢记2、 act out表演3、 written work笔头作业4、 printed material印刷资料5、have…in hand在手中6、 in other words换句话7、 talk back回话;反驳 8、 critical reading批评性阅读9、 creative reading创造性阅读 10、 improve upon改进11、 my brain expands我的思维开阔了 12、 my emotion reacts我的情感产生共鸣 13、 evil book不良的书籍 14、 beneficial effect有益的影响15、 enlarge our minds拓展思维 16、refine one’s emotion使感情细腻高尚 17、broaden one’s sympathy扩大同情心 18、 in action在行动中,在工作中19、set…in action付诸行动 20、 fill out充实,填写21、 long -range goal长远目标 22、 lack motivation缺乏动机23、 academic record成绩记录,成绩单 24、 poor grade低分25、 absence report 缺课报告 26、 take control of控制26、 on the way在路上,在途中 on the way to reaching the goal 在实现目标的道理上 27、see … as 把…… 看作 / 当成 see oneself as victim把自己看成是受害者28、 reading list书单 29、 be faced with面对,面临30、 be aware of意识到 31、 learning process学习过程32、 take a break休息一下 33、 a flash of lightning一束闪电 34、 study regularly有规律地学习 35、 on campus校园里Unit 41、 a couple of shells二三颗炮弹2、 radio contact无线电联络3、 navy doctor海军军医4、 medical kits医疗器械5、 critically injured受了重伤的6、 die of shock死于休克7、 loss of blood失血 8、 a matching blood type相配的血型 9、 be willing to 原意 10、 on a pallet在小床上11、 clean with alcohol用酒精清理 12、 insert the needle将针插入13、 lie stiff直挺挺地躺着 14、 cover his face捂住脸15、 let out发出,放出,放走 let out a sob开始抽泣16、 occasional sob断断续续的抽泣 17、 in a soothing voice用舒缓安慰的语调18、 a look of relief轻松的表情 19、 glance up匆匆看了一眼20、 a brand-new pair of shoes一双新鞋 21、 bucket of water一桶桶水22、 the second semester第二学期 23、 be transferred to调转,转到24、 a better background较好的家庭背景 25、 a private clinic一家私人诊所26、the clinic’s personnel诊所工作人员 27、 go out of the way to do特别努力地做 28、 an attractive lady一位漂亮的女士Unit 51、 carry on进步,坚持2、 pass ab by错过3、 university degree 大学学位4、 find a means of living寻找谋生手段5、 experience what it is like to live体会生活的滋味6、 suggest rejection 表示拒绝7、 count the stars 数星星8、 continue to live my live继续我的生活 9、 bring sb down使某人消沉10、 once in a while时常,时不时地 11、 not necessarily未必12、 balance out弥补balance out one’s fault弥补某人的错误13、 by nature从本质上讲 14、 make a decision做决定15、 greet each day with a smile以微笑面对每一天16、 creation of the universe宇宙万物 17、 focus on聚焦于… ,集中于… 18、have value / forget your value有价值/忘记你的价值19、 lose sight of sth.看不到某物 20、 give out 用完,耗尽21、do n’t deserve anything good不配得到任何好东西22、 keep up 保持,维持 keep your strength up保持体力Unit 61、 vanish form home从家中消失2、 cover the distance走一段路3、 on other occasions在其他场合4、 sooner or later迟早5、 slip away溜走6、 get on board塔乘(车、船、飞机、火车等7、 cargo plane 货机 9、 according to根据10、 in spite of尽管,虽然 11、 modern age现代12、 a sence of adventure冒险精神 13、 an uneventful ride平安的旅途14、against one’s head顶着脑袋 15、 start the engine发动引擎16、 pull away(汽车开走 17、 spot a police car看见警车18、 in sight在看得见的范围内 19、 speed forward加速向前20、 His heart sank.他的心往下一沉。

福建专升本英语必备核心词汇=A=1.abandon v. 放弃；抛弃，离弃同义词：cease,depart,quit,withdraw搭配：abandon oneself to 沉溺于；听任。

摆布2.abide v. 坚持；遵守；容忍同义词：bear,endure,tolerate搭配:abide by 遵守，履行3.abolish v. 废除，取消同义词：abandon,cancel,destroy4.absence n. 没有，缺乏，缺席同义词：lack,scarcity,shortage搭配：in the absence of 没有，缺乏5.absolute a. 绝对的；顽强的；专制的；确实的，确定的同义词：complete,entire,perfect,total6.absorb v. 吸收；吸引。

的注意，使全神贯注同义词：involve,occupy搭配:be absorbed in 专心于7.abstract a. 抽象的；深奥的n. 摘要；抽象v.摘要；提取，抽取同义词：a. theoretical n. extract,outline,summary8.absurd a. 愚蠢的；荒唐的同义词：childish,comic,ridiculous9.abuse v. 滥用；谩骂n. 滥用；谩骂，毁谤同义词：v.misuse,curse,insult n. misuse,insult,mistreatment 10.accelerate v. 加速；促进同义词：advance,quicken,rush11.access n. 接近，进入；入口，通路；进入的方法同义词：approach,course, entry, passport12.accommodate v. 留宿，收容；供应，供给；容纳同义词:hold,provide,supply13.accommodation n. 居住设施同义词:housing,rooms,settlement14.accomplish v.完成，实现15.accumulate v.积累，积蓄；堆积同义词:collect,increase,save,store16.accuse v. 控告，谴责同义词:blame,charge搭配:accuse sb of doing sth 指控某人做了某事17.acquaint v. 使认识，使了解同义词:introduce,present搭配:acquaint oneself with 熟悉，通晓acquaint sb with 把…..告诉某人18.adapt v. 适合；改编，改写同义词:adjust,fit,modify搭配:adapt to 适应19.adequate a. 足够的，充分的；符合要求的同义词:decent,enough,tolerable20.adhere v. 黎附；遵守；坚持同义词:hold,stick,fast21.adjust v. 调节，校正；（使）适应同义词:adapt,alter,modify,vary搭配:adjust oneself to…使自己适应于……22.administration n. 管理，经营；行政部门；政府23.adopt v. 采用，采纳；收养24.adviser n. 顾问同义词:consultant25.affection n. 爱，慈爱同义词:fondness,tenderness,warmness26.agony n. 苦恼；极大痛苦27.aid v. 辅助，援助，救助n. 辅助，援助，救助28.alert a. 警惕的；机灵的n. 警报；警戒状态；警戒期间v.使警觉同义词:alarm,warning signal29.alter v. 改变，变样同义词:change,modify,vary30.alternate a. 交替的；预备的v. 交替，轮流31.ambiguous a. 模棱两可32.ambition n. 雄心，野心33.amount n. 数量v. 合计，共计同义词:number,sum,total34.ample a. 充分的，富裕的；宽敞的，宽大的35.amuse v. 逗乐，逗笑；给…..以娱乐36.analyze v.分析；分解；解析同义词:study,examine37.angle n. 角；角度，观点38.annual a. 每年的，年度的n. 年报，年刊同义词:yearly39.anxiety n. 挂念；焦虑；渴望同义词:anxiousness40.apology n. 道歉，认错41.apparent a.明显的，显而易见的；表面的，貌似的同义词:clear,evident,obvious,plain42.appeal v. 呼吁，请求；上诉；求助于n. 呼吁请求；上诉43.appetite n. 食欲，胃口；欲望，爱好44.applaud v. 喝彩，鼓掌；称赞45.apply v. 申请；应用，实施；运用，使用搭配:apply to sb for sth 申请，请求apply to 使用，应用46.appoint v. 任命，委任；约定（时间，地点）47.approach v. 靠近，接近，临近；着手处理，对付n.方法，途径；探讨同义词:access,entrance48.approval n. 赞成，同意；认可，批准49.approve v. 赞成；批准，通过50.apt a. 恰当的，适宜的；易于…..的，有……倾向的搭配：be apt at 善于，巧于be apt for 适合be apt to do sth 易于，有可能51.architect n. 建筑师；设计师52.architecture n. 建筑；建筑学53.arouse v. 唤醒；激起54.artificial a. 人工的，人造的；虚伪的55.aspect n. 样子，外表，面貌；方面56.assemble v. 集合，集会；装配，组装57.assembly n. 集会，会议；装配58.assert v. 断言，宣称；维护同义词:maintain,insist59.assignment n. 分配，任务；课外作业60.associate v. 使联系；交往，结合n.合作人，伙伴，同事同义词:combine,connect,join,unite搭配：associate with 同……联系在一起Associate oneself with 加入；与……有联系61.assume v. 假装；假定，设想；采取，承担62.assure v. 使确信，使放心；保证，担保同义词：guarantee,ensure,insure,secure63.atmosphere n.大气，空气；气氛，环境64.attach v. 缚上，系上，贴上65.attentive a. 注意的，留神的66.attorney n.律师；代理人67.authority n.权力，权威；权威者；当局68.available a.可用的，可得到的；可以见到的，随时可来的同义词:convenient,handy,obtainable,usable69.avoid v. 避免；回避，躲开70.awkward a. 笨拙的，不灵活的；棘手的，尴尬的=B=71.backwards d. 向后地，相反地n.向后的，相反的同义词:back,backward搭配：backwards and forwards 来回地72.balance n.平衡；余额v. 使平衡，使均衡搭配：in the balance (前途)不明朗的；（结果）未定的off balance 不平衡73.bankrupt a. 破产的v.使破产n.破产者74.barely ad. 赤裸裸地，无遮蔽地；仅仅，勉强同义词:hardly,just,merely,scarcely75.basis n. 基础，根据；主干同义词:foundation,fundament,groundwork搭配：on the basis of 以……为基础76.beforehand ad. 提前地，超前地 a. 预先准备好的；提前的77.behalf n.利益，支持搭配：on behalf of 为了，代表78.behave v. 举止，表现；运转同义词:act,do,conduct79.behaviour n.行为，举止80.beneath prep. 在……下边，在……之下ad.在下方，低于同义词:below,under81.benefit n.利益，好处；恩惠v. 有益于；受益同义词:profit,gain82.bent a. 弯曲的；下决心的n.嗜好；倾向搭配：be bent on doing sth 下定决心要做……83.bid v. 祝愿；命令，吩咐；报价；投标n.出价，投标同义词：attempt,demand,order84.bind v.捆，绑，包扎；束缚，约束；凝固同义词：fasten,tie,wrap85.bleed v.流血；榨取；渗出86.blossom n.（果树上开的）花朵；开花期同义词：bloom,flower搭配：in blossom 开花87.blush v.脸红，羞愧n. 脸红，羞愧88.boast v. 自夸，夸耀n.自夸的话，大话；夸耀的事89.bold a. 大胆的，勇敢的；冒失的；黑体的；清晰的同义词：brave,fearless90.border n.边界，国界；边沿v.交界，接壤同义词：boundary,edge,frontier91.bound v.跳跃；限制n.跳跃；界限 a.被束缚的；密切关联的搭配：be bound to 一定，必定92.breed v.使繁殖；产生，引起；抚养，饲养n.品种，种类同义词：cultivate,develop,raise93.brief a.简洁的；短暂的v.简短介绍，简要汇报搭配：in brief 简言之，简短地说94.brilliant a.光辉的，灿烂的；卓越的，才华横溢的同义词：bright ,excellent,outstanding95.budget n.预算v.做预算，安排96.bunch n.一簇，一束，一捆，一串搭配：a bunch of 一束，一捆，一串97.burden n.担子，负担；装载量v.使……有负担；给予麻烦同义词：load,loading搭配：burden sb with 使某人负重担；给某人添麻烦=C=98.calculate v.计算，推算，核算；计划，打算同义词：account,compute,figure99.campaign n.战役；运动同义词：cause,movement100.cancel v.取消，作废；删去同义词：abolish,delete101.candidate n.候选人，候补者；报考者；申请者搭配：a candidate for ……的候选人活申请者102.capable a.能干的，有能力的搭配：be capable of 有……能力的；有……可能的103.capacity v.容量，容积；才能，能力；身份，职位同义词：content,position,size,volume搭配：have a capacity for 有……能力104.capture n.捕获，俘获v.夺得，占领；捕获，俘虏同义词：catch,conquer,seize105.cast v.投，掷，抛；铸造；计算n.演员表；一掷；模型；性格106.casual a.偶然的，碰巧的；临时的，非正式的；不拘礼的，随便的同义词：accidental ,occasional107.casualty n.伤亡人员；受害人；重大伤亡事故108.caution n.小心，谨慎；警告，告诫v.警告同义词：carefulness,cautiousness109.cease v.停止，中止n.停止，中止同义词：discontinue,stop ,quit110.challenge n.挑战书；艰巨任务v.挑战；要求比试111.chaos n.混乱，无序，混沌112.character n. 性格；人物113.characteristic a.特有的，独特的n.特性，特征搭配：be characteristic of 有……的特点或性格；为……所特有114.charm n.吸引力，魅力；美貌，风韵v.迷人，使陶醉115.cheat v.欺骗；作弊n.骗子；欺骗行为116.cherish v.珍爱；怀有同义词：treasure,care for117.chorus n.合唱队；合唱v.异口同声地说，随声附和118.circumstance n.情况，形势，环境；经济情况，境遇同义词：condition,consideration,context119.civil a.公民的，市民的；国内的，民间的；有礼貌的120.civilize v.使文明，开化；开导121.claim v.要求；声称，主张n.主张，断言；索赔要求；所有权122.classic n.经典作品，名著 a.一流的，不朽的；古典的123.classical a.古典的124.classify v.分类，分等级125.climax n.顶点，高潮126.clue n.线索，提示127.coherent a.黏附的；连贯的128.coincide v.和……一致，相符，相同129.collaborate v.协作，合作同义词：cooperate,get together130.collapse v.倒坍，崩溃；垮台n.倒坍，崩溃；垮台131.collision n.碰撞，冲突bat v.战斗，反对n.战斗，反对bination n.结合，联合，合并；化合物bine v.结合，联合；化合mand n.命令，指令；统帅，指挥权v.命令，指挥merce n.商业，贸易mission n.委员会；委任，委托；代办权，代理权；佣金同义词：committeemit v.把……交托给；犯错误；承诺modity n.商品，物品mute v.乘车或船等往返于两地，定期往返于两地间parable a.比得上的，相似的同义词：corresponding,likeparative a.比较的，相当的n.匹敌物；比较级pel v.强迫，迫使同义词：command,requirepensate v.补偿，赔偿pensation n.补偿，赔偿plex a.复杂的；合成的，综合的n.复杂，联合体plicate v.变复杂pliment n.问候，致意；称赞，恭维v.称赞，恭维ply v.遵照，应允ponent n.组成部分，成分，组件 a.组成的，合成的pose v.组成，构成；创作（作曲、诗歌等）press v.压缩，浓缩prise v.包含，构成promise v.妥协；折中n.妥协，折中155.conceal v.隐藏，隐瞒，隐蔽156.concept n.概念，观念；思想157.concern v.涉及，关系到；担心，关切n.关心，挂念158.concise a.简明的，简洁的159.condemn v.谴责，指责；判刑，宣告有罪160.confess v.承认，坦白；忏悔161.confident a.确信的，自信的搭配：be confident about/of sb. Sth.Proud骄傲，be proud of sb.162.confidential a.秘密的；亲信的同义词：secret163.confine v. 限制，局限于；管制，禁闭同义词：enclose, limit搭配：be confined by/with164.confirm v.使更坚固，使更坚定；证实；确认，批准165.conflict n.斗争；冲突，分歧v.抵触，冲突166.conform v.遵守，依照；顺应搭配：Conform with167.confront v.面临，遭遇；面对搭配：be confronted with 面临，面对，碰上168.consent v.同意，赞成n.同意赞成169.consequence n.结果，影响；重要性同义词：effect,outcome,result170.conservation n.保存，保护；守恒Conserve v. 保留，保存171.conservative a.保守的，守旧的n.保守主义者Consider v. 思考，考虑172.consider able a.相当可观的；数量巨大的，值得考虑的A sense of humor幽默感Humorous 富有幽默感173.considerate a.考虑周到的，体谅的174.consideration n.考虑，思考；体谅，照顾175.con sistent a.前后一致的，始终如一的搭配：be consistent with176.consolidate v.巩固，加强；统一，合并177.construct v.建设，建造，构造；创立；编写178.consult v.商量，请教；查阅consultant n. 顾问Advisor n. 咨询顾问，导师179.consume v.消费；毁灭consumer n. 消费者180.contemporary a.现代的，当代的；同时代的同义词：modern, present-day181.contest n.竞争，竞赛，比赛v.竞争，竞赛，比赛182.context n.上下文，语境，环境，背景Continue v. 继续，持续Continue doing sth. 继续做某事183.continual a.不断的，连续的，频繁的184.continuous a.连续的，持续的185.contrary a.相反的，矛盾的，对抗的n.反对，矛盾；相反同义词：opposite搭配：on the contrary 相反186.contrast n.对比，对照；差异v.使对照；使对比搭配：in contrast 相反187.contribute v.贡献，捐助；投稿Contribution n.188.controversial a.争论的；爱争论的；引起争论的189.convention n.大会；惯例，习俗；公约，协定CustomGet used to customs 习惯、接受当地的习俗190.convict v.判罪n.囚犯，罪犯Commit a murder191.conviction n.确信，定罪192.coordinate v.整理；使协调n.坐标 a.同等的，并列的193.corrupt v.贿赂，收买 a.腐化的，贪污的Bank rupt v. 破产同义词：dishonest, evil, rotten, wickedDevil n. 魔鬼Honesty is the first policy.194.costly a.昂贵的，豪华的cost v. 花费，花销195.craft n.工艺，手艺；技巧196.crime n.罪行；犯罪197.criterion n.标准，准则198.crucial a.至关重要的，决定性的199.crude a.天然的，未加工的；生的；粗野的同义词：raw,rough200.cue n.暗示；信号；榜样同义词：clue,hint,key,signal201.cultivate v.耕作，栽培，养殖；培养，教养同义词：develop,improve,prepare,train202.curse v.诅咒，咒骂n.诅咒；咒语=D=203.deadly a.致命的；极度的204.debate v.争论，讨论n.争论，讨论205.decay v.腐烂；衰减n.腐烂；衰减206.deceit n.欺骗，行骗207.deceive v.欺骗，蒙蔽，诓骗同义词：betray,mislead,trick208.decline n.谢绝；下降，衰落；斜面，倾斜v.下降，衰落；倾斜；拒绝209.decorate v.装饰，装潢；布置210.dedicate v.奉献；专注于同义词：address,assign,commit,devote搭配：dedicate to 献身于211.defect n.缺点，缺陷同义词：fault,imperfection,shortcoming,weakness212.deficit n.亏损，赤字，逆差213.definite a.明确的同义词：distinct,exact,obvious,precise214.demonstrate v.论证，证实；演示，说明；示威同义词：display,illustrate,show215.density n.密集；密度，浓度216.deny v.否认，否定；背弃，摒弃同义词：dispute,reject217.descend v. 下来，下降；遗传；突击同义词：drop,fall,plunge搭配：descend from……从……传下来descend on 突袭218.deserve v.应受，应得，值得同义词：earn,merit219.desirable a.称心的；期望的；可取的220.desperate a.绝望的；不顾一切的，铤而走险的221.despite prep.不管，不顾；尽管n.憎恨，轻蔑搭配：in despite of 尽管222.destiny n.命运，天数223.destruction n.破坏，消灭224.detach v.分开，拆开，卸下225.devise v.设计，发明；计划同义词：design,invent226.dignity n.庄严，端庄；尊贵，高贵227.discipline n.纪律；训练v.训练，训导228.disguise v.假装，伪装n.伪装物同义词：conceal,cover,hide229.disgust n.厌恶，恶心v.使厌恶，使作呕230.dismay n.惊恐；失望；沮丧v.惊恐，使惊愕；使失望同义词：confuse,disturb,embarrass,frighten231.dismiss v.免职，解雇，开除；不考虑232.disorder n.混乱，骚乱；疾病233.display v.陈列，展览，显示n.陈列，展览，显示同义词：demonstrate,exhibit,show234.dispute v.争论，争执n.争论，争执搭配：in dispute 在争论中；处于争议中235.distinct a.清楚的，明显的；截然不同的，独特的同义词：clear,definite,different,diverse搭配：distinct from 不同于，区别于236.distinction n.差别，区分；卓著，杰出；荣誉称号搭配：distinction between 差别，不同237.distinguish v.区别，辨别；辨认出；使杰出238.distress n.苦恼；危难；不幸；贫困v.使苦恼，使痛苦239.diverse a.多种的；不同的同义词：different,distinct,several,various240.domestic a.家庭的；本国的，国内的；驯养的同义词：household,internal241.dramatic a.戏剧的，戏剧性的；激动人心的242.dread v.恐惧，担心，害怕n. 恐惧，担心，害怕243.dreadful a.可怕的，惊骇的；糟透的；可恶的同义词：awful,horrible,terrible,wretched244.dwell v.居住；详细讲述同义词：inhabit,live,occupy,reside=E=245.earnest a.热心的，诚挚的n.认真，诚挚同义词：resolute,serious,sincere搭配:in earnest 认真地，真诚地246.ease v.减轻；使舒适n.容易舒适，悠闲247.economic a.经济的；经济学的；实用的248.economical a.节约的，经济的249.economics n.经济学250.economy n.经济；节约，节省251.editorial n.社论 a.编辑的，编者的252.elegant a.优美的，文雅的；简练的，简洁的同义词：cultured,refined,superior,tasteful253.element n.元素；成分254.embarrass v.阻碍，妨碍；使困惑，使窘迫同义词：confuse,shame255.embrace v.拥抱；包含；接受n.拥抱；包括同义词：accept,adopt,clasp,clutch256.emerge v.出现，露出；形成257.emergency n.紧急情况，突然事件258.emotion n.情绪，情感259.encounter v.遇到，遭遇n.遇到，遭遇260.endeavour n.努力v.试图261.endure v.忍受；持久，持续262.energetic a.有力的，精力充沛的263.enlighten v.启发，启蒙，教导同义词：explain,illuminate,inform,instruct264.enormous a.巨大的，庞大的同义词：giant,great,immense,vast265.ensure v.确保，保证；保护同义词：assure,cover,guarantee,protect266.enthusiastic a.热情的，热心的同义词：eager,interested267.equivalent a.相等的，相当的，等价的n.相等物，等价物同义词：equal,match,replacement,substitute268.erect v.树立，建立，使竖立 a.直立的，垂直的，竖直的269.error n.错误，过失；罪过，违法行为；邪恶270.essential a.必要的，必不可少的；本质的；精华的同义词：basic,fundamental,necessary,vital271.eternal a.永恒的，不朽的；无穷的，无限的同义词：constant,endless,everlasting,forever272.evident a.明显的，明白的273.exclusive a.专有的，独占的；除外的，排他的274.executive n.总经理，董事；行政部门 a.执行的，实施的275.exhaust v.使筋疲力尽，耗尽；抽完，吸干n.排气装置；排气，排出同义词：consume,drain276.expectation n.预期，期望，指望277.expedition n.远征，探险，考察；远征队，探险队同义词：journey,travel,voyage278.expense n.花费，消耗，消费279.explosion n.爆炸，爆发；扩张；激增280.explosive a.爆炸的；爆发的n.爆炸物，炸药281.expose v.使暴露；使曝光，揭露同义词：discover,reveal,uncover282.extend v.延长，延伸同义词：expand,spread,stretch283.extensive a.广大的，广阔的，广博的，广泛的同义词：broad,vast,wide284.extent n.广度，宽度，长度；程度，限度，范围285.extreme a.末端的，尽头的；极度的，最大的n.极端的；最大程度=F=286.fade v. 褪色；衰减；枯萎，消失287.faithful a.守信的，忠实的，可靠的288.fancy n.幻想；喜爱，迷恋v.想象；爱好 a.花样的；昂贵的搭配：take a fancy to sb / sth 喜欢上，爱上289.fascinate v.迷住，强烈吸引，使入迷同义词：attract,captivate,charm,interest搭配：be fascinated with/ by 迷住；使神魂颠倒290.fashion n.时装，时髦；流行，风尚291.fashionable n.流行的，时髦的292.fatal a.致命的，毁灭性的；命运的同义词：deadly,destructive,fateful,mortal293.faulty a.有缺点的，有错误的；不完善的294.finance n.财政，金融；资金v.提供资金295.financial a.财政的，金融的296.finite a.有限制的；限定的297.flexible a.柔韧的，易弯曲的，灵活的298.flourish v.繁荣，兴旺，旺盛；茂盛同义词：bloom,develop,display,prosper299.foundation n.基础，建立，创立；地基；基金会同义词:establishment,ground ,institution, organization300.frequency n.频率，周率；屡次，时常301.frown v.皱眉302.function n.功能，职责；仪式v.起作用，运行303.fundamental a.基础的，基本的n.基本原则，原理同义词：basic,elementary,essential, primary=G=304.generous a.慷慨的，大度的；丰富的305.genius n.天才306.genuine a.真正的，名副其实的同义词：pure,real ,sincere,true307.gloomy a.阴沉的，黑暗的，朦胧的；无望的同义词：depressing,dim ,sad308.grab v.强夺；抓取n.强夺同义词：clutch,grasp,grip,seize309.graceful a.优美的，文雅的310.gracious a.亲切的，殷勤的；宽厚的，仁慈的同义词：friendly,generous,polite,respectful311.gradual a. 逐渐的，逐步的312.grant v.同意，准予；给予，授予n.拨款同义词：admit ,allow,permit,present313.guilty a.有罪的，犯罪的，内疚的=H=314.handicap v.妨碍，使不利n.缺陷；障碍，不利条件同义词：burden,disadvantage,load315.haste n.匆忙，急速316.heap n.一堆，大量，许多v.堆，堆起同义词：fill,gather,load,pile317.hint v.暗示，示意n.暗示，示意318.hollow a.空的，中空的；空洞的，空虚的319.holy a.神圣的，圣洁的同义词：godly,religious,sacred,spiritual320.hostile a.敌方的，敌意的，敌对的同义词：aggressive,militant,unfavorable,unfriendly321.humble a.低级的，卑下的；谦逊的v.降低，贬低=I=322.identify v.识别，鉴别；同情，理解323.ignorant a.无知的，愚昧的；不知道的324.illustration n.说明，例证；图解，插图325.immense a.广大的，巨大的同义词：enormous,giant,great,vast326.immerse v.使沉浸；使沉没327.impact n.冲击，碰撞；效果，影响328.impartial a.公正的，无偏见的329.implement n.工具，器具v.贯彻，实现330.imply v.意指，暗示331.incline v.倾斜；倾向于332.incredible a.难以置信的，不可思议的333.inevitable a.不可避免的，必然发生的同义词：doomed,fated,inescapable,unavoidable334.infinite a.无限的，无穷的；极大的同义词：countless,innumerous335.inhabitant n.居民，住户同义词：habitant,dweller,indweller336.inherent a.固有的，内在的；天生的337.initial a.最初的，开头的；词首的n.词首大写字母338.innocent a.清白的，无罪的；天真的，无知的339.inspect v.检查，调查，视察同义词：contemplate,examine,observe,study340.inspire v.鼓舞，激起；使产生灵感；吸入同义词：encourage,prompt341.instinct n.本能，直觉，天性342.intelligence n.智力；理解力343.intend v.想要，打算，企图344.intention n.意图，意向，目的搭配：with the intention of 打算345.interfere v.干涉；妨碍；冲突同义词：intervene,meddle搭配：interfere in 干涉346.interior a.内部的，里面的n.内部，内地，里面同义词：inner,inside347.interval n.间隔，间歇；幕间或工作间的休息348.involve v.使卷入，使陷入；包含，包围；涉及搭配：be involved in 被卷入349.issue v.发行，发表；宣布；供给n.争论的问题；担忧；发行=J=350.jealous a.妒忌的；猜疑的，警惕的351.justify v.证明是正当的，认为有理=K=352.keen a.敏锐的；敏捷的，渴望的同义词：strong,deep,eager,desiring搭配：be been on 喜欢做，热心于=L=tter pron. 后者 a.后面的，末了的354.leap v.跳，跳跃n.跳，跳跃355.lest conj. 唯恐，免得356.lighten v.减轻，使轻松愉快；使照亮357.likewise ad.同样地，照样地；又，也而且358.loan n.货款，借出v.货款，借出359.luxury n.奢侈；奢华=M=360.magnificent a.壮丽的，宏伟的，辉煌的361.maintain v.维修，保养；维持，坚持；主张362.manual a.手的，手工做的n.手册，指南363.massive n.大规模的；大量的364.means n.方法，手段；途径搭配：by all means 可以，一定by no means 决不by means of 借助于，利用365.mechanic n.技工，机械工人366.medium n.媒介物，介质传导体 a.中等的，适中的367.memorial a.记忆的，纪念的n.纪念物，纪念馆搭配：as a memorial of 作为对……的纪念368.mercy n.仁慈，怜悯；幸运搭配：without mercy 无情地，残忍地at the mercy of 在……掌握中369.merit n.优点，价值，功绩v.值得，应得370.mess n.凌乱状态，混乱局面v.弄脏，弄乱，搞糟搭配：in a mess 不整齐make a mess of sth 搞得一团糟371.minus prep.减去，去掉 a.负的，减的372.mischief n.损害，危害；恶作剧，捣蛋373.misfortune n.不幸，灾祸，灾难374.mission n. 使命；代表团375.monopoly n.垄断，专利376.mood n.心情，情绪；语气搭配：in a mood for 有兴致做某事377.moral a.道德的，道义的n.寓意，教育意义378.mortal a.致命的；终有一死的379.motion n.运动，移动v.示意，打手势380.motive n.动机，目的 a.发动的，运动的381.multiply v.乘，倍增，增加382.mutual a.相互的，彼此的=N=383.naked a.裸体的；无遮蔽的384.neglect v.忽视，疏忽n.忽视，疏忽385.neutral a.中立的；中性的；淡素的，素净的386.notify v.通知，告知，报告387.notion n.概念；想法，观点388.numerous a.众多的，大批的=O=389.obligation n.义务，责任390.oblige v.迫使，责成391.occasion n.场合，时刻；时机，机会392.occupation n.占据；占用；职业，工作393.occupy v.占据，占领；使忙碌，使从事394.odd a.奇数的，单个的；带零头的；奇怪的395.oppose v.反对，反抗396.origin n.起源；出身397.overhear v.偶然听到，从旁听到398.overlook v.俯瞰，眺望；漏看，忽略399.owing a .欠的，未付的=P=400.pace n.步，步伐v.踱步401.passion n.强烈情感；爱好；激情402.peculiar a.古怪的，异常的；特殊的，特有的403.pension n.养老金，年金404.permanent a.永久的，持久的405.plead v.恳求；辩护406.plentiful a.富裕的，丰富的407.poll n.投票数；民意测验v.投票408.possess v.占有，拥有409.precise a.精确的，准确的410.presence n.出席，到场；存在411.primary a.第一的；最早的；基本的412.principal a.最重要的，主要的n.负责人；资本413.priority n.优先，优先权414.privilege n.特权，优惠，特许v.给予优惠415.proclaim v.宣布，声明416.prompt a.敏捷的；即刻的v.激起，促进，推动417.proportion n.比例；部分418.provided conj.倘若，只要，假如419.puzzle v.使迷惑n.谜，迷惑，难题=Q=420.quit v.离开，退出；停止同义词：abandon,cease,stop,withdraw=R=421.racial a.种族的422.radical a.基本的，重要的；激进的，极端的423.rage n.愤怒424.range n.范围，距离，领域；排列v.排列成行，延伸425.rational a.理性的，合理的426.recall v.回忆，回想；撤销，收回；叫回427.reckon v.认为，估计；指望，料想；测算428.recommend v.推荐，介绍；建议429.reference n.参考文献；参考，参阅430.reflect v.反映v.反映；反省431.reinforce v.增援，加强同义词：fortify,intensify,strengthen432.reject v.拒绝，抵制；丢弃；排斥，退掉433.relate v.叙述；使互相关联434.relieve v.减轻，解除，减少；换班，换岗435.reluctant a.不愿意的，勉强的436.rely v.依赖，依靠；信赖，信任437.render v.使得；提出438.reputation n.名声，声望439.rescue n.营救，援救v.营救，援救440.resemble v.相似，类似441.resent v.愤恨442.reserve v.预定，保留；保持，保存n.预定，保留443.resolute a.坚决的，果断的444.resolution n.坚定，决心；决定，决议445.resolve v.决心，决定；使分解；决议n.解决；决心446.resource n.资源，财力；办法，智谋447.restore v.恢复；归还448.retreat v.撤退，退却n.撤退，退却449.revenge n.报复，复仇v.报复，复仇450.reward n.报酬，赏金v.酬劳，奖赏451.rival n.竞争者，对手v.竞争，对抗 a.竞争的452.rouse v.惊起；唤起，唤醒453.routine n.例行公事，常规 a.常规的，例行的=S=454.sacred a.上帝的，神圣的；受尊重的；受崇敬的455.safeguard v.维护，保护，捍卫n.安全设备456.scan v.细看；浏览；扫描n.扫描457.scare v.惊恐，恐慌n.惊恐，恐慌458.schedule n.时间表，进度表v.安排，预定459.scheme v.计划；阴谋n.计划；阴谋460.scorn n.轻蔑，藐视v.轻蔑，藐视461.secure a.安全的，可靠的v.得到，获得；防护，保卫462.select v.选择，挑选 a.精选的，选择的463.sensible a.明智的；明显的；合理的，实用的464.settlement n.解决；结账；居留区；殖民地465.shelter n.遮蔽；避难所v.掩蔽，躲避466.shield n.防护物；盾v.保护，防护467.sin n.罪，罪恶v.犯罪468.slender a.修长的，苗条的；微薄的469.slight a.轻微的；纤细的v.轻视；蔑视470.soak v.浸泡，浸透n.浸泡，浸透471.solemn a.庄严的，严肃的；神圣的472.source n.源，来源，出处473.specific a.明确的；特定的，特效的474.spoil v.破坏，宠坏475.stable v.堆积，堆起 a.稳定的，安定的n.马厩，马棚476.statue n.塑像，雕像477.status n.身份；情形478.straightforward a.正直的，坦率的；直接的ad.坦率地479.strategy n.战略，策略；计划480.striking a.显著的；非凡的481.substance n.物质，实质；财产；主旨482.substitute n.代用品；代理人v.代替，替换483.superb a.壮丽的；高质量的484.supreme a.极度的，最重要的；至高的485.surrender v.投降；交出n.投降，屈服，放弃486.survey v.俯瞰；调查；测量n.俯瞰；测量图487.suspect v.怀疑；猜想n.嫌疑犯，可疑分子=T=488.tactics n.战术；策略，手段，谋略489.temporary a.暂时的，临时的490.tendency n.趋向，趋势；癖好491.tender a.嫩的；脆弱的；温柔的，温厚的492.theme n.题目，主题493.thrill n.激动，颤动v.使激动，使兴奋；使毛骨悚然494.tolerate v.容忍，默许495.trace n.痕迹；及少量v.描绘；跟踪；追溯496.trap n.陷阱，圈套，诡计v.诱捕，使中圈套497.treaty n.条约，协定；谈判498.trend n.倾向，趋势v.伸向，倾向=U=499.ultimate a.最后的；根本的500.unanimous a.全体一致的；一致同意的501.union n.协会，同盟；联合502.unity n.团结；统一503.universal a.普遍的，全体的，通用的；宇宙的504.upper a.上面的；较高的；上级的505.upset v.扰乱；打翻；使难过，使不安506.utter v.说，发出声音 a.彻底的；十足的=V=507.vacant a.未占用的，空缺的508.vain a.徒劳的；自负的n.徒劳，白费509.valid a.有效的；合理的510.vanish v.逐渐消失，消散511.vast a.巨大的，广阔的；大量的，巨额的512.vehicle n.车辆；媒介，载体513.venture v.冒险；敢于n.冒险事业514.verge n.边，边缘；界限v.接近，濒临；趋向515.vessel n.容器；船舶；管，脉管516.victim n.牺牲；牺牲品517.violence n.暴力518.violent a.猛烈的；强暴的519.virus n.病毒；有害影响520.visible a.看得见的；明显的521.vision n.视觉，视力；眼力522.vital a.生死攸关的；生命的，生机的523.volume n.容积；卷，册，音量524.volunteer n.自愿；志愿者v.自愿=W=525.wander v.漫步；迷路，迷失方向；离题526.weary a.令人厌烦的v.使疲倦527.welfare n.幸福；福利528.whereas conj.然而，但是，尽管529.whirl v.使旋转；转向，急转530.whistle n.口哨，汽笛v.吹口哨；鸣笛531.wicked a.邪恶的，恶劣的；恶意的532.wireless a.无线的；无线电的n.无线电收音机533.withdraw v.提，取；撤回，撤离534.withhold v.抑制，制止；扣留；拒绝535.withstand v.抵抗；经得住536.witness n.目击者，证人；证据，证明v.目击；作证537.worship n.崇拜，崇敬v.崇拜，崇敬；敬神538.worthy a.值得……的，配得上……的；可尊敬的；有价值的539.wrap v.裹，缠，卷，包n.披肩，围巾540.wreck n.失事船或飞机，残骸v.失事，遇难；破坏，摧毁=Z=541.zeal n.热情，热忱。

福建专升本大学英语重要词汇Unit 11、 colorful drawing彩图2、 make good use of充分利用3、 in theory理论上4、 in practice实际上5、 be used to习惯于 be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事6、 new surroundings新环境7、stand on one’s feet自立,独立自主8、 a walking stick拐杖9、 communicate with sb.与某人交往10、 play a role in在…… 中起作用 11、 atom bomb原子弹12、 hunt for a job找工作 13、 academic score成绩14、 take part in参加,参与 15、sharpen one’s ability提高能力16、 deal with处理,对付 17、 be involved in sth.参与某事18、 pay attention to注意 19、 pick up拣起20、 a precious stone宝石 21、 fit (sth. in (with sth.(使与某事相协调22、 get along(with sb./ sth.与(某人相处(融洽;(某事进展23、 up to不多于;不迟于 24、 in return作为回报Unit 21、 set off出发 set off for出发到某地2、 try(sth. on 试穿3、 give way (to 让步;让位4、 well up涌上,升起5、 hold oneself / sth.in 控制(感情,抑制6、 ay for sb./ sth.为…… 祈祷7、 in some manner以某种方式8、 stare at sb. / sth.盯着…… 看 9、 prepare sb for sth. 使…… 习惯于10、 do sb a favor帮某人忙 11、 have to do with和…… 有关12、 after all毕竟 13、 devote oneself / sth. to 把…… 献给14、 bedtime kiss临睡前的亲吻 15、 hold on to握住,抓住16、 pull away退走,抽出17、 waiting for the other shoe to drop 等着不愉快而总要发生的事发生18、 have (something / nothing / little / much to do sth和某事 /某人有(或没有关系Unit 31、 learn by heart牢记2、 act out表演3、 written work笔头作业4、 printed material印刷资料5、have…in hand在手中6、 in other words换句话7、 talk back回话;反驳 8、 critical reading批评性阅读9、 creative reading创造性阅读 10、 improve upon改进11、 my brain expands我的思维开阔了 12、 my emotion reacts我的情感产生共鸣13、 evil book不良的书籍 14、 beneficial effect有益的影响15、 enlarge our minds拓展思维 16、refine one’s emotion使感情细腻高尚17、broaden one’s sympath y扩大同情心 18、 in action在行动中,在工作中19、set…in action付诸行动 20、 fill out充实,填写21、 long-range goal长远目标 22、 lack motivation缺乏动机23、 academic record成绩记录,成绩单 24、 poor grade低分25、 absence report 缺课报告 26、 take control of控制26、 on the way在路上,在途中 on the way to reaching the goal 在实现目标的道理上 27、see … as 把…… 看作 / 当成 see oneself as victim把自己看成是受害者28、 reading list书单 29、 be faced with面对,面临30、 be aware of意识到 31、 learning process学习过程32、 take a break休息一下 33、 a flash of lightning一束闪电34、 study regularly有规律地学习 35、 on campus校园里Unit 41、 a couple of shells二三颗炮弹2、 radio contact无线电联络3、 navy doctor海军军医4、 medical kits医疗器械5、 critically injured受了重伤的6、 die of shock死于休克7、 loss of blood失血 8、 a matching blood type相配的血型9、 be willing to 原意 10、 on a pallet在小床上11、 clean with alcohol用酒精清理 12、 insert the needle将针插入13、 lie stiff直挺挺地躺着 14、 cover his face捂住脸15、 let out发出,放出,放走 let out a sob开始抽泣16、 occasional sob断断续续的抽泣 17、 in a soothing voice用舒缓安慰的语调18、 a look of relief轻松的表情 19、 glance up匆匆看了一眼20、 a brand-new pair of shoes一双新鞋 21、 bucket of water一桶桶水22、 the second semester第二学期 23、 be transferred to调转,转到24、 a better background较好的家庭背景 25、 a private clinic一家私人诊所26、the clinic’s personnel诊所工作人员 27、 go out of the way to do特别努力地做 28、 an attractive lady一位漂亮的女士Unit 51、 carry on进步,坚持2、 pass ab by错过3、 university degree 大学学位4、 find a means of living寻找谋生手段5、 experience what it is like to live体会生活的滋味6、 suggest rejection 表示拒绝7、 count the stars 数星星8、 continue to live my live继续我的生活 9、 bring sb down使某人消沉10、 once in a while时常,时不时地 11、 not necessarily未必12、 balance out弥补balance out one’s fault弥补某人的错误13、 by nature从本质上讲 14、 make a decision做决定15、 greet each day with a smile以微笑面对每一天16、 creation of the universe宇宙万物 17、 focus on聚焦于… ,集中于… 18、have value / forget your value有价值/忘记你的价值19、 lose sight of sth.看不到某物 20、 give out 用完,耗尽21、don’t deserve anything good不配得到任何好东西22、 keep up 保持,维持 keep your strength up保持体力Unit 61、 vanish form home从家中消失2、 cover the distance走一段路3、 on other occasions在其他场合4、 sooner or later迟早5、 slip away溜走6、 get on board塔乘(车、船、飞机、火车等7、 cargo plane 货机 9、 according to根据10、 in spite of尽管,虽然 11、 modern age现代12、 a sence of adventure冒险精神 13、 an uneventful ride平安的旅途14、against one’s head顶着脑袋 15、 start the engine发动引擎16、 pull away(汽车开走 17、 spot a police car看见警车18、 in sight在看得见的范围内 19、 speed forward加速向前20、 His heart sank.他的心往下一沉。

2012年专升本英语重点词汇(内部资料)Word Commentorganizational a.组织(上)的goal n.目的，目辬；得分进球，球门objective n.目辬，目的a.客观的；无偏见的accomplish vt.完成(任务等)predict vt./vi.预言；预示accompany vt.伴随，陪同；为…伴奏implement vt.实现；完成；履行constraint n.强制；强制因素，制约条件precedent n.先例，前例simplify vt.简化tendency n.趋势，倾向managerial a.经理的，管理人的；管理上的，经营上的maker n.制造者；制造商achievement n.完成，达到；成就，成绩attain vt.达到；完成optimal a.最适宜的；最理想的suboptimization n.局部最优化，次优化trade-off n.(对不能同时兼顾的因素)权衡；物物交换argue vt./vi.争辩，争论，辩论；说服budget n.预算vt.把…编入预算；安排，预定scheme n.计划；方案vt./vi.计划，策划define vt.解释，给…下定义；限定，规定multiple a.多样的，复合的 n.倍数profitability n.赚钱，获得correctness n.正确，正确性unintended a.非计划中的，非故意的ongoing a.进行中的，前进的entity n.存在，实体；统一性skilled a.熟练的；有技能的in the way 挡路；碍事make a guess at 猜测and the like 等等，诸如此类seek to 追求，争取in part 部分地，在某种程度上point of view 观点interview vt./n.面谈，采访；面试，口试criticism n.批评；评论candidate n.候选人，候补者；应试者vague a.含糊的；不明确的notion n.概念；想法，看法prospect n.展望，景象；［常pl.］前景，前程community n.社区；共同体unattractive a.无吸引力的；不引人注意的indifference n.冷漠；不感兴趣(to)interviewer n.接见者；面谈者personality n.个性；人格；品格prospective a.预期的；未来的speechless a.不会说话的；不说话的clarification n.澄清，阐明correspondence n.符合，一致；通信photocopy vt./n.复印，影印；照相复制本resume n.摘要，梗概；个人简历inefficiency n.无效；效能差neat a.整洁的；简洁的；整齐的conservative a.保存的，防腐的；保守的，守旧的punk n.(俚)阿飞；朋克 a.颓废派的miniskirt n.超短裙panel n.专门小组intimidate vt.恐吓，恫吓clutch vt./vi.抓住，握紧grip vt./n.紧握，紧夹；掌握，控制painful a.痛苦的；费力的rephrase vt.重新措辞，改用别的话表示apply for 申请day to day work 日常工作take the trouble to 不辞劳苦，费力to one's advantage 对某人有利ask for 请求，向…要；寻找in hand 手头上有make sure 查明，弄确实；确信at a disadvantage 处于不利地位turn down 拒绝；调小或调低；翻下astronomer n.天文学家escape vi./vt.逃跑；避免 n.逃跑；逃路，出口exert vt.尽(力)；施加(压力等)；行使(职权等) explode vt.使爆炸vi.爆炸；突发density n.密集度，稠密度；［物][化］密度collapse vt./vi./n.(使)倒塌，(使)崩溃；瓦解supernova n.［天］超新星daytime n.白天，日间dwarf n.矮子；［天］矮星neutron n.［物］中子shrink vt./vi./n.收缩；缩小；退缩，畏缩gravity n.严肃，认真；重要性；［物］重力marble n.弹子；大理石a.大理石的，大理石般的boundary n.分界线，边界observer n.遵守者，奉行者；观察者，监视者interchangeable a.可交换的；可互换的constant a.永恒的，经久不变的；经常的 n.常数measurement n.衡量，测量implication n.含意，暗示；牵连，涉及，卷入basis n.基础，根据；主要成份；军事基地launch vt.发射；使(船)下水 n.发射，(船)下水galaxy n.［天］星系，［G-］银河系observatory n.天文台；了望台convincing a.有说服力的，使人信服的binary a.二，双；二进制的n.双(体)；联星twin a./n.双胞胎(的)［Twins］［天］双子座companion n.同伴，同事；［天］伴星(=～star) speculation n.推测，猜测；投机swallow vt.吞咽 n.燕子mankind n.［用作单或复］人类operate v.运转，起作用；动手术；操作；经营research into 研究speculation about 关于…猜测swallow up 吞没，耗尽make use of 利用Star of Bethlehem 圣诞星White Dwarf ［天］白矮星Albert Einstein 爱因斯坦(美籍德国理论物理学家) Milky Way 银河；银河系(=Milky Way galaxy) planet n.行星revolve vi.旋转；绕转solar a.太阳的，日光的；利用太阳光的largely ad.大量地；主要地glitter vi.闪闪发光，闪烁 n.闪光cloudless a.无云的，晴朗的unlikely a.未必可能的；靠不住的astronaut n.宇航员thrilling a.令人激动的；颤动的，震颤的outer a.外部的whereas conj.而，却；反之lesser a.较小的；更少的；次要的concerned a.有关的；关切的，担心的microscopic a.显微镜的；微观的；微小的，细微的whilst conj.(=while)当…时；然而；虽然，尽管plateau n.(［复］plateaus或plateaux)高原tropical a.热带的；炎热的coloured a.有色的religion n.宗教；宗教信仰circumstance n.［pl.］情况，环境；境遇a great many 很多above all 首先，首要as a rule 通常；一般说来euthanasia n.无痛楚的死亡；安乐死weaken vt.削弱，减弱 vi.变弱Dutchman n.(［复］Dutchmen)荷兰人deteriorate vt./vi.(使)恶化lethal a.致死的injection n.注射；注射剂，针剂nationwide a.全国性的 ad.在全国范围内debate vt./n.争论，辩论vi.对…进行争论，辩论legal a.法律上的；合法的Dutch a.荷兰人的；荷兰语的n.荷兰人；荷兰语parliament n.议会，国会；［P-］议会prosecute vt.对…起诉，告发request vt./n.请求，要求criterion n.辬准，准则crowd n.群，人群 vi.聚集，群集ensure vt.保证，担保healthcare n.保健oppose vt.反对，反抗；使相对，使对抗(to) tradition n.传统；惯例hospice n.(晚期病人)收容所council n.理事会；委员会founder n.创始者；缔造者consideration n.考虑；体谅，照顾elderly a.较老的，人过中年的n.近老年人disabled a.伤残的；使失去战斗力的burden n.负担；责任，义务vt.使负重担；麻烦opt vi.抉择，选择(for)，在…之间选择shorten vt./vi.缩短，缩小；减少vulnerable a.易受伤的，弱小的；易受…攻击的prohibition n.禁止；禁令individual n.个人，个体，独立单位 a.个人的；个别的paternalistic a.家长式统治的；家长作风的moving a.活动的，移动的；动人的，令人感动的sensitive a.敏感的；灵敏的，感光的be affected with 患有…疾病debate on 关于…进行辩论make request for 要求…be opposed to 反对open up 打开；开办，开辟，开发；坦诚地谈话take...into account 考虑到need for 对…的需要opt out of 决定不参加…，决定(从…)退出have...at heart 对某事十分关心the Netherlands 荷兰(=Holland)conspiracy n.阴谋，密谋；阴谋集团，阴谋帮派old boy n.老同学；(招呼用)老朋友，老弟，老兄network n.［纺］网眼织物；网状物，网络escalator n.自动扶梯privilege n.特权vt.给予…特权profession n.职业(尤指脑力劳动或受过专业训练的) graduate v.(使)(大学)毕业 n.大学毕业生，研究生unfair a.不公平的，不公正的employment n.使用；雇佣；职业，工作publish vt.出版，刊印；公布，发表senior a.年长的；大学四年级的 n.年长者appoint vt.任命，委任(as)；约定，指定private a.私人的；私营的；秘密的，私下的headmaster n.(中学或小学的)校长leading a.领导的，指引的；最重要的，主要的bias n.偏见v.［常用被动语态］有偏见entry n.进入；入口；登记，条目，账目merit n.优点，长处；功绩，功劳fiercely ad.凶猛地，凶残地；猛烈地competitive a.竞争的，比赛的entrance n.进入；入口，门口；入场，入会，入学additional a.附加的，追加的；另外的abolish vt.废除(法律，习惯等)；取消applicant n.申请人，请求者performance n.执行；表现，工作性能；演出，演奏accessible a.易接近的；易受影响的(to)；可理解的elite n.精英，杰出人物 a.杰出的，精英的academic a.学院的，学会的；学术的excellence n.优秀，杰出recruit vt./vi.征募(新兵)，吸收；补充 n.新成员equivalent a.相等的；等价的 n.等价(物)；对应词ivy n.常青藤replicate vt.重复；复制elitist n.杰出人物 a.杰出人物(统治论)的remedial a.治疗的，治疗上用的；补救的prime a.最初的，基本的；主要的；最好的vision n.想像力，幻觉；视力，视觉；眼光classless a.无阶级的；不属于任何阶级的amount to 达到，总计；相当于，等于on average 平均blame…for为…责备某人by nature 生来，天生，就其本性而言be worth doing 值得做Oxbridge 牛津大学和剑桥大学；该校之学生Oxford 牛津；牛津大学Cambridge 剑桥；剑桥大学Westminster 威斯敏斯特France 法兰西，法国Ivy League 常春藤联合会；名牌大学的Harvard (美国)哈佛大学Yale (美国)耶鲁大学Princeton (美国)普林斯顿大学Stanford (美国)斯坦福大学Berkeley 伯克利；加利福尼亚大学伯克利分校John Major 约翰·梅杰(前英国首相)slavery n.奴隶制度，奴役；奴隶身份domestic adj.家庭的，家务的；国内的n.家仆，佣人Briton n.大不列颠人；英国人statistics n.统计数字，统计资料；［用作单］统计学diplomat a.外交家；外交官abroad ad.到国外；在国外exploit vt.开发，开采；利用；剥削abuse vt./n.滥用，妄用；虐待，凌辱campaign n.战役；运动v.参加运动，参加竞选活动sexually ad.在性方面passport n.护照Filipino n.菲律宾人(语) a.菲律宾人的；菲律宾的maid n.少女；侍女，女仆execute vt.实行，执行，完成，贯彻；将…处死convict vt.证明…有罪(of)；宣判 n.罪犯despite prep.尽管，任凭guilt n.有罪；内疚deserving a.应得的，值得的(of)Saudi n.沙特阿拉伯人a.沙特阿拉伯(人或语)的breadwinner n.养家糊口的人shelf n.(壁橱，书橱内)搁板；架子minimum n.最小量；最低限度a.最小的；最低的employee n.雇员，雇工leaflet n.小叶，嫩叶；传单，活页incidence n.影响程度，影响范围；发生率immigrant a.移民的，侨民的 n.移民，侨民status n.情形，状况；地位，身份kingdom n.王国；领域concession n.让步；特许权；租界，租界地immigration n.移居；外来的移民foreigner n.外国人deport vt.驱逐出境bring over 把…带来；使转变convict...of 证明…有罪，宣判…有罪be deserving of 值得；应得be supposed to 应该Singapore 新加坡岛；新加坡；新加坡市the Philippines 菲律宾(国)；菲律宾群岛Sri Lanka 斯里兰卡United Kingdom 联合王国gang n.一队，一族；一群，一帮eyewitness n.目击者；见证人unison n.一致；协调interstate a.［主美］州际的BBC 英国广播公司correspondent n.对应物；新闻通讯员，记者，通信者shackle n.［常pl.］镣铐；［pl.］束缚，枷锁ditch n.沟，沟渠 vt./vi.开渠；筑渠weed n.杂草，野草vt.除草，拔草deny vt.否定，否认；拒绝接受，拒绝给予reintroduction n.重新采用，重新引入gap n.裂口，裂缝toilet n.盥洗室；厕所circus n.马戏团，杂技团；马戏场，杂技场degrade vt.降级，贬低；堕落；退化plantation n.种植园，大农场；植树造林spokesman n.发言人；代言人racist n.种族主义者a.种族主义的；种族歧视的racial a.种族的inhumane a.不人道的，残忍的civil a.国民的，民用的；国内的，民间的union n.工会，协会；结合，联合liberty n.自由，自由权；冒昧，失礼；特许权，特权punishment n.处罚，罚，刑罚；折磨，损害disaffection n.不满argument n.争论，辩论；论据，理由watch over 看守，照管，监视in unison 完全一致地call up 打电话；使想起，使忆起Alabama 阿拉巴马(美国州名)Georgia 佐治亚(美国州名)Arkansas 阿肯色(美国州名)blues n.布鲁斯；慢四步舞rock'n'roll n.摇滚乐，摇滚舞folk n.人们；［口］家属，亲属a.民间的musician n.音乐家；作曲家transformation n.变化，转化；改造，改革rhythmic a.有韵律的；有节奏的musically ad.在音乐方面；好听地；悦耳地distinct a.与其他不同的，独特的；明显的consciousness n.意识，知觉；觉悟anti-war a.反战的sentiment n.感情，情绪；感伤spontaneous a.自发的，本能的，自动的；出自自然的originate vi./vt.发源；发生，发起imitator n.模仿者Negro n.黑人a.黑人的eclecticism n.折衷主义synthesis n.结合，合成jazz n.爵士乐readily ad.乐意地；很快地，容易地limitless a.无限制的，无限的instrument n.仪器；乐器electronic a.电子的amplifier n.放大器guitar n.六弦琴，吉他electronics n.［复］［用作单］电子学studio n.工作室；播音室，演播室；电影制片厂penetrating a.穿透的，贯穿的；深刻的，透彻的thereby ad.由此，从而passive a.被动的；消极的participant n.参加者 a.参与的multimedia a.多种手段的；多媒体的 n.多媒体ballroom n.舞厅lighting n.照明，照明设备take place 发生take over 接管，接任；把…从一处运到另一处take on 具有；担任(工作等)；雇佣Beatles ［the Beatles］披头士摇滚乐队San Francisco 旧金山(或称三藩市)Jefferson Airplane 杰弗逊飞机(美国摇滚乐队名)composer n.作曲家inspire vt.鼓舞；使产生灵感fruitful a.有成果的，有收获的output n.产量；输出theme n.题目，主题；主旋律invariably ad.不变地improvise vt.即兴创作；临时准备，临时凑成symphony n.交响曲，交响乐；交响乐队，交响音乐会handle n.柄，把手 vt.运用，操纵；经营，管理constructive a.建设的，建设性的creative a.创造性的notebook n.笔记本preliminary a.预备的；初步的 n.初试；预赛painstaking a.苦干的；费力的traditionalist n.传统主义者；因循守旧者thematic a.题目的，主题的；主旋律的conception n.概念，观念well-established a.固定下来的；得到确认的temper vt.［治］使回火，锻炼；调合well-tempered 脾气好的；(键盘乐器)调到平均律的clavichord n.(音)击弦古钢琴mold n.(=mould)模子；模型 vt.用模子做，浇铸sake n.缘故completeness n.完整，圆满；完成，结束summarize vt./vi.概述，总结diversified a.多样化的conventional a.惯例的，常规的；(艺术等)因袭的experimental a.实验的；经验的harmony n.协调，和谐；融洽，一致sonority n.响亮，洪亮evident a.明显的，明白的in other words 换句话说in a sense 在某种意义上at a stretch 连续不断地serve as 适合belong in 应归入(类别、范畴等)in advance 在前面；预先It goes without sayingthat 不言而喻，理所当然for the sake of 为了…之好处；为了…的目的Franz Schubert 舒伯特(奥地利作曲家)Hugo Wolf 沃尔夫(奥地利作曲家) Beethoven 贝多芬(德国作曲家)Palestrina 帕莱斯特里纳(意大利作曲家) Bach 巴赫(德国作曲家)Well TemperedClavichord (巴赫)《平均律钢琴曲集》Gesualdo 杰苏阿尔多(意大利作曲家) Moussorgsky 穆索尔斯基(俄国作曲家)Berlioz 柏辽兹(法国作曲家，指挥家及音乐评论家) Debussy 德辭西(法国作曲家)Edgar Varese 瓦雷兹(法裔美国作曲家)efficiency n.效率；功效，效能，实力robotics n.机器人学，机器人技术robot n.机器人；自动控制装臵increasingly ad.不断增加地prevalent a.流行的，普通的automotive a.自动的，机动的；汽车的weld vt./n.焊接spray n.水花；喷雾vt.喷；喷涂vi.喷；溅散cast vt.投，扔；投射；铸造n.投，掷；模具frame n.构架，框架install vt.安装appliance n.应用，适用；用具，器械calculator n.计算者；计算器radioactive a.［原］放射性的；放射引起的personnel n.全体人员，全体职员；人事(部门) expose vt.使暴露，使面临；揭露，揭发radiation n.放射，发光；放射物，辐射线，辐射能reduction n.减少，减小；降级，降职；归纳，归并automatic a.自动的；无意识的，机械的reprogramme v.再次(重新)设定程序completion n.完成，结束；完满specific a.特有的，特定的；具体的，明确的switch n.开关，转换器v.转换；接通或切断…电流critical a.批评(性)的；紧要的，关键性的，危急的digital a.手指的，指状的；数字的，计数的camera n.照相机，摄影机light-sensitive a.光敏的intensity n.强烈，剧烈grayscale 灰度brightness n.明亮，晴朗；聪敏，机灵scale n.刻度，表度；规模；比例(尺)；天平shade n.荫，阴影 vt.遮蔽，遮光calculation n.计算，计算结果；仔细考虑defective a.有缺点的；有缺陷的assemble vt.集合；装配 vi.集合attendant n.侍者，服务员；出席者fireman n.消防队员housekeeper n.管理家务的主妇；女管家expose to 暴露；面临；曝露in that 在于，原因是in between 在中间；每间隔；在…期间in question 正被谈论的plenty of 大量的；丰富的earthquake n.地震earning n.警告；警报a.警告的forecast vt.预测，预报；预示giant n.巨人；巨物，巨大的动物a.巨大的shift vt./vi.替换；转移 n.转换，转移；轮班fault n.缺点，毛病；错误，过失；［地］断层seismic a.地震precede vt.先于…，比…优先 vi.在前面，领先radon n.氡decay vi./vt.(使)腐朽，腐烂；衰变 n.腐烂；衰败radium n.镭underground a.地下的；秘密的 ad.在地下；隐蔽地speculate vi.思索；推测vt.投机；思索，推测subside vi.沉淀；沉降；平静下来，平息，减退datum n.(［复］data)资料，材料；数据reliability n.可靠性partial a.偏袒的，偏心的，对…偏袒；部分的up-to-date a.最新的，现代化的；直至目前的analyze vt.分析eastern a.东方的，东部的；向东方的，来自东方的work on 从事…；对…有影响set up 设立，建立；建立，提出on the alert 警戒，处于戒备状态Guatemala 危地马拉Chile 智利Charles Richter 查尔斯·里克特San Andreas fault (美)圣安德烈亚斯断层California 加利福尼亚(美国州名)leadership n.领导；［总称］领导人员research n.研究，调查vi.调查，研究attach vt.固定住，系；附加，隶属；使喜爱possession n.有，拥有；［常pl.］占有物；财产satisfaction n.满意，满足relaxation n.松弛，放松；缓和，减轻；休养desirable a.称心的，合意的，理想的occupation n.占领；占有；职业portray vt.描绘；描写；描述urban a.城市的，都市的stressful a.紧张的，压力重的loom vi.隐隐呈现；逼近renewal n.更新；重新开始underlie vt.支撑；构成(理论，政策，行为等)的基础acquire vt.获得，得到recognition n.认出；承认，公认impart vt.把…分给；给予(to)positive a.确实的；积极的，肯定的；正的，阳性的motivate vt.作为…的动机，激发relevant a.贴切的，中肯的；与…有关的(to) communicator n.传播者，传播工作者participation n.参加，参与attainment n.达到，到达；［常pl.］成就，造诣be concerned with 关于，涉及；忙于…；关心，关切attach importance to 认为…很重要take to 开始从事；养成…的习惯；培养对…的爱好put...to use 使用；利用be relevant to 与…有关on the part of 就…而言set...as objective 把…作为目辬elusive a.躲避的；难以捉摸的，难以理解的tricky a.狡猾的，耍花招的；难以处理的slip vi.滑动，滑过；溜，溜走 vt.使滑动quicksand n.流沙oversupply vt./n.过多供应wayside n.路边a.路边的flexible a.柔韧的，柔顺的；可变通的，灵活的readjustment n.再整理，再调整project n.设计，规划；项目vt.方案，计划；投射appointment n.任命；约会weekly a.每周的ad.每周(一次) n.周刊，周报adjustment n.调整realistic a.现实的，实际的；现实主义的underestimate vt.低估；看轻overestimate vt.过高估计；过高评价emergency n.紧急情况；突发事件routine n.日常工作 a.日常的；例行的；常规的crash a.紧急的，速成的inflexible a.不可弯曲的；不可改变的，固执的adjust vt.调整，调节；校准deem vt.认为，相信assignment n.分配，委派；任务，(课外)作业freshman n.新手，生手；大学一年级学生kid vt./vi./n.戏弄，开玩笑；欺骗，哄骗faithfully ad.忠诚地；如实地temptation n.引诱，诱惑look ahead to 向前看；展望未来allocate...for 分配给…；配给fall by the wayside 半途而废，中途退出hang up 把…挂起来；挂断(电话)；延迟，拖延throw off 扔掉；摆脱work out 作出；制定出up to date 最新的，新式的；切合目前情况的kid...into doing 欺骗…去做…stick with 坚持；继续jet n.喷射；喷嘴；喷气式飞机，喷气发动机lag vi.走得慢，落后n.落后，滞后flight n.飞行，飞翔；航班，班机；逃跑，溃退physiological a.生理的，生理学的regulatory a.规章的；调节的mechanism n.［机］机构，机制；作用过程hormonal a.荷尔蒙的，激素的secretary n.秘书；书记；部长，大臣negotiation n.谈判，协商proceeding n.程序，进程；项目，活动，会议文集instantaneously ad.瞬间地；即刻地transport vt.运输 n.运输overcome vt.战胜；克服regulate vt./n.管理；调节timing n.时间的选择；计时，定时periodicity n.周期性，间发性internal a.内部的，内在的；国内的superachiasmatic a.超(染色体)交叉的rhythm n.韵律，格律；节奏timer n.计时员，定时器external a.外在的，在外的alarm n.警报；惊恐vt.向…报警；打扰reset vt./n.重新安排，重调palm n.手掌sweat n.汗vi.出汗vt.使出汗discrepancy n.差异；不一致bodily a.身体的，肉体的cortisol n.［生］皮质(甾)醇excretion n.排泄；分泌destination n.目的地，终点feasible a.可行的，可能的pharmacological a.药物学的，药理学的assumption n.假定，设想；承担，采取mid-afternoon a.下午三点左右的neutral a.中立的；中性的wakefulness n.觉醒，不眠promote vt.促进，发扬；提升，升级；发起，创办synchronize vi.同时发生，同步 vt.使同步effect on 对…的作用blame...on 把…归咎于to advantage 有利地，有效地as fresh as paint 精神饱满now that (连词)既然，由于leave...alone 不管，不理；听其自然out of step 步伐不一致；不协调in time 及时；终于John Foster Dulles 杜勒斯(美国国务卿)Aswan Dam 阿斯旺水坝Johnson 约翰逊(美国第36任总统)Guam 关岛(美国在西太平洋的重要海、空军基地) Washington D.C. 华盛顿(市)［美国首都］White House 白宫(美国总统官邸)，美国政府span n.指距，跨距；一段时间fluctuate vi.波动，起伏；动摇 vt.使波动，使起伏fluctuation n.波动，起伏trick n.诡计；恶作剧fade vi.凋谢，枯萎；(颜色)褪去vt.使褪色illusion n.错觉；幻觉duration n.持续；持续时间infrequent a.很少发生的illustration n.说明；例证，插图moderate a.中等的，适度的；温和的，有节制的distraction n.精神涣散，精神不集中；消遣，娱乐distractor n.分散注意力的东西focal n.焦点的remedy n.治疗；补救(法) vt.治疗，补救fearful a.可怕的，吓人的；害怕的，胆怯的productivity n.生产率；丰饶，多产finance n.财政，金融；经费，资金retention n.保持；保留distract vt.分散(注意，心思等)；使人分心adversely ad.相反地；不利地，有害地appreciate vt.欣赏，鉴赏；正确评价，鉴别；感激contrary a.相反的，相对的，与…相反(to) mislead vt.把…带错路，使…错或做错motivation n.动机；动力inefficient a.无效的；效率低的exceptional a.例外的；异常的，特殊的hinder vt.阻止；妨碍(from)typical a.典型的，代表性的to date 到目前为止attend to 专心；注意；照顾fall apart 四分五裂；崩溃be true of 符合于…，对…适用classify vt.把…分类，把…分等级；把…列为aged a.年老的，老的northwestern a.在西北的，向西北的；来自西北的approximate a.近似的，大约的 v.近似，接近；使接近paradox n.似非而可能是的论点；自相矛盾的话proportion n.比率，比例vt.使成比例，使相称dependency n.从属；依赖(on)advantageous a.有利的，有助的liability n.责任，义务；债务，负债；不利条件inactive a.不活动的；不活跃的appreciation n.欣赏，鉴赏；正确评价；感激，感谢salient a.突出的，凸起的；显著的resettlement n.重新定居，重新安臵acknowledge vt.承认；表示感谢fore ad.在前面a.先前的；在前部的 n.前部gathering n.聚集；集会birthrate n.出生率elsewhere ad.在别处；向别处demography n.人口统计学alter vt./vi.改变，改动experiential a.经验的；凭经验的continued a.继续的，连续的lengthen vt.使延长vi.变长，延伸wealthy a.富裕的；丰富的neglect vt.忽视，忽略；疏忽 n.忽略；疏忽expectation n.期待；估计寿命slippery a.滑的；圆滑的demographer n.人口学家revision n.修订，修改upwards ad.向上；趋向上升approximate to 与…接近to the fore 在前面，到前面；在显著地位resistance to 对…的阻力Austria 奥地利Sweden 瑞典Northern 北爱尔兰Vichy 维希(法国中部城市)Wales 威尔士esteem vt./n.尊敬，尊重cope vi.对付，妥善处理(with)parenting n.父母对孩子的养育tone n.音调，音色；腔调，语气；声调，语调infant n.婴儿，幼儿a.婴儿的，幼儿的lovable a.可爱的，讨人喜欢的manageable a.易管理的unlovable a.不可爱的；不讨人喜爱的worthless a.无价值的，无用的；不足道的，不可取的ultimately ad.最后，最终地crisis n.危机；决定性时刻withdraw vt.收回，提取；撤退 vi.撤退；退缩inconsiderate a.不替别人考虑的；不体谅人的outcome n.结果，结局；出路，出口reinforcement n.增强，加固；强化tangible a.可触摸的，可感知的；确实的，真实的attribute n.属性，特征；vt.把…归因与(to)fold vt./vi.折叠；对折 n.褶(痕) appropriate a.适合的，恰当的，相宜的cope with 对付；处理no other...than 除…外没有，只有；正是，就是take advantage of 利用；占…便宜act out 将…表演出来；(用行动)表示出来election n.选举；选举权presidential a.总统(校长)的；总统(校长)职务的winner n.获胜者，优胜者；成功者republican a.共和国的；共和党的n.共和党党员democratic a.民主的，民主主义的nominee n.被提名者；被任命者vote n.选举，投票；票，选票 vi.投票，选举certainty n.一定；必定nomination n.提名；任命loyalty n.忠诚；忠心decline vi.下降；衰退vt.拒绝n.下降；衰落democrat n.民主主义者，民主人士；民主党党员voter n.选举人，投票人strategically ad.战略上地，颇具策略地pursue vt.追赶；追求，寻求；进行，从事impact n.冲击，碰撞；影响vt.装紧，压紧headquarters n.司令部，指挥部；总部，总店economy n.经济；节约strategist n.战略家rating n.等级，规格；(电视)收视率poll n.选举；民意测验 vt.得到选票 vi.投票stir vt.搅拌；激起 vi.走动；活动n.惊动strategy n.战略；策略constitutional a.宪法上规定的；组成的，构成的provision n.供应，供应品；条款，规定；给养electoral a.选举的representation n.描写，表现；代表，代理congress n.国会，议会；参议院，上院House n.［英］议院district n.区，行政区；地区，区域representative n.代表，代表人a.典型的，有代表性的presidency n.总统(或校长)职务(职权，任期)；管辖overwhelming a.压倒之势的stand no chance 没有可能；没有希望identify...as 把…看成impact on 对…之影响Ohio 俄亥俄州(美国州名)George McGovern 乔治·麦戈文Clinton 比尔·克林顿(Bill Clinton)Little Rock 小石城(美国阿肯色州首府)District of Columbia (美) (D.C.)哥伦比亚特区George Bush 乔治·布什Jimmy Carter 吉米·卡特Ronald Reagan 罗纳德·里根contest n.竞争，比赛；争夺，竞争；争论，争辩rivalry n.竞争；对抗dozen n.一打，十二个；十来个，十几个nominate vt.提名；任命；命名collectively ad.总体地；集体地electorate n.全体选民；选区inevitably ad.不可避免地，必然地dominance n.优势，控制，统治assault n.攻击，袭击；(军)冲击，突击，强击parliamentary a.议会的，国会的congressman n.(［复］congressmen) (美)国会议员statistically ad.在统计方面dominant a.占优势的；支配的majority n.多数，大半；多数党，多数派automatically ad.自动地；习惯性地competitor n.竞争者；对手running n.跑，赛跑；竞选inevitable a.不可避免的，必然(发生)的peaceful a.平静的，安宁的；和平的，和平方式的transfer vt./vi.转移；改变 n.转移，传输，变换overturn vt./n.打翻；推翻，颠覆，毁灭 vi.翻身foolproof a.连傻子都懂的；不会出毛病的monopoly n.垄断；专卖opposition n.反对，反抗；对立，意见相反monopolize v.垄断；专卖moderation n.温和，适度；缓和，减轻legislation n.立法；法律，法规temporarily ad.暂时地，临时地break up 打碎；结束；驱散；散开；分解in the running 参赛，参加竞选in power 掌权的，执政的out of power 丧失权力in favour of 赞成，支持；为…的利益，有利于come into power 上台；开始掌权carry on 经营，进行；继续anaesthetics n.麻醉学vaccine n.牛痘苗；疫苗a.牛痘的；疫苗的diabetes n.糖尿病developmental a.发展的，开发的；促使成长的disorder n.混乱；失调，紊乱vt.使混乱；使失调irrelevant a.不相干的，离题的，与…不相干misleading a.引入歧途的；使人误解的irresponsible a.无责任感的，不负责任的unethical a.不合伦理的；不合道德的thalidomide n.［药］萨立多胺replacement n.复位，复职；替换，代替refinement n.精炼，精制simulate vt.假装，冒充；模仿，模拟cell n.细胞；小房间，单人牢房toxicity n.毒性eventual a.最后的，结局的dose n.(一次)剂量replace vt.把…放回(原处)；更换，以…替代tube n.管；电子管，真空管；［英］地铁partly ad.部分地；在一定程度上polio n.［医］脊髓灰质炎，小儿麻痹症biomedical a.生物医学的ethics n.伦理学；伦理观，道德辬准undergo vt.经历，经受；忍受suitable a.合适的；适当的rabbit n.兔litter n.干草；杂乱无章；一窝(仔畜) vt.铺草refine vt./vi.提纯，精制；使改进，变优雅regeneration n.新生，再生，复兴paralyse vt.使麻痹，使瘫痪；使无力，使气馁regrow vt.再生长，重新生长reproduce vt.繁殖；再生产；复制；再现，重现sacrifice to 向…献祭；为…而牺牲；为…而失去do research into 进行…的研究be central to 对…极为重要的do experiment on 用…做实验be irrelevant to 与…不相干；不切题test on 对…进行试验aim for 瞄准；以…为目辬Birmingham 伯明翰(英格兰中部城市)pet n.宠物，爱畜a.宠爱的，表示亲昵的delightful a.令人高兴的；讨人喜欢的humanity n.个性，博爱，仁慈；人类negative a.否定的；负的，阴性的 n.底片；负数remark vt./vi.说，评论，议论 n.评论，看法touching a.动人的，使人感伤的going n.进行状况 a.进行中的；现行的coming a.正在到来的，即将来到的n.来到，到达literal a.精确的，如实的；逐字的，字面的grant vt.同意；准予 n.同意，授予；拨款contented a.满足的，满意的serene a.安详的；宁静的contemplate vt.注视，凝视；沉思plea n.请求，恳求；托词devotion n.献身，忠诚ownership n.拥有；所有权，所有制imperative a.绝对必要的；命令的，强制的；祈使的stricken a.被打中的，被击伤的；受灾的，受侵袭的relief n.(痛苦，压迫等)减轻，宽慰；救济donation n.捐献；赠送afflict vt.使苦恼，折磨deprive vt.夺去，剥夺；使失去(of) individualistic a.个人主义(者)的prevail vi.胜过；流行，盛行starvation n.饥饿；饿死kwashiorkor n.［医］恶性营养不良症deficiency n.缺乏，不足starve vi.饿死；挨饿；极需，渴望 vt.使挨饿sustain vt.支撑，承受住；供养，维持unreasonable a.不讲道理的；不合情理的，过度的bring out 使显现，显示；生产，使产生attach...to 使…与…相关，把…附加到goings and comings 来往；活动，发生的事take...for granted 认为真实；视为当然at ease 自在的，舒适的plea for 恳求；请求not that... 并不是说never for a moment 通常；多半to break in on 打扰；打断，闯进feel bitter at 对…怀恨seize hold of 抓住；占有daydream vi./n.白日做梦symptom n.症状，征兆habitual a.习惯性的，习以为常的；惯常的maladjustment n.失调；不适应环境compensatory a.赔偿的，补偿的equilibrium n.平衡，均衡，相称；均势；平静intellectual n.知识分子 a.智力的，理智的detail n.细节，详情vt.详述，详细说明enhance vt.提高；增强spur vt.激励，鞭策 n.踢马刺；刺激，激励，鼓舞initial a.最初的，开始的；词首的n.首字母inventor n.发明者，创造者waylay vt.伏击；拦住…问讯muse vt./vi./n.沉思，冥想confront vt.面对，遭遇；正视，对抗painter n.漆工；画家sensitivity n.敏感性；灵敏度inner a.内部的，里面的；思想的n.内部；里面reflection n.反射，反映，映像；深思，考虑creativity n.创造性effortless a.不作努力的；不费力的，容易的dreamlike a.梦一般的，梦幻的surrounding n.周围的事物；环境a.周围的character n.性格，品质；特性；人物；符号，(汉)字thinker n.思想家；思考者steadily ad.稳固地；稳定地vividly ad.鲜明地；生动地drift n.漂流；趋势，倾向vi./vt.(使)漂流；漂泊trace n.痕迹，踪迹；微量，少许vt.跟踪，查找undisturbed a.不受干扰的；宁静的tune n.曲调；和谐，协调vt.调音；使合谐，调节midst n.中间，当中prep.(=amidst)在…当中impoverished a.贫困的，赤贫的well-being n.健康；福利，幸福modest a.谦虚的，谦恭的；适中的，不过分的。

专升本英语名词词组和固定搭配1、介词+名词a variety of 种种，各种after a while 过了一会，不久as a matter of fact 其实，事实上as a result of 由于……结果as a result 结果，因此as a rule 规章，规则；通常，照例as regards 关于，至于at （the）best 充其量，至多at a loss 困惑，不知所措at a time 每次，一次at all costs 不惜任何代价at all events 无论如何at any rate 无论如何，至少at first sight 乍一看，初看起来at hand 在手边，在附近at heart 在内心；实质上at home 在家，在国内；自在，自如at intervals 不时，时时at last 最终，终于at least 至少，最低限度at length 终于，最后；详细地at no time 从不，决不at one time 同时，曾经，从前曾at present 目前，现在at random 随意地，任意地at the cost of 以……为代价at the mercy of 在……支配下at the moment 现在，此刻at the same time 但是，然而at times 有时at work 上班by accident 偶然by all means 无论如何，必定by chance 偶然，碰巧by hand 用手by heart 牢记，凭记忆by means of 借助于，用by mistake 错误地by no means 决不by reason of 由于by the way 顺便提一下，另外by turns 轮流，交替by virtue of 由于by way of 经由，通过……方式for （the）purpose of 为了for a moment 片刻，一会儿for a while 暂时，一时for example 例如for instance 例如，举例说for the better 好转，改善for the moment 现在，暂时for the present 目前，暂时for the sake of 为了……起见for the time being 目前，暂时from time to time 有时，不时from tip to toe 彻头彻尾，完全hand down to 往下传，传给（后代）hand in hand 手拉手，携手in （the）future 今后，将来in a hurry 匆忙地，立即in a moment 立刻，马上in a way 在某点，在某种程度上in a word 一句话in addition to 除……之外in addition 另外in any case 无论如何，总之in any event 有效；实际上in case of 假使，万一in case 假使，以防（万一）免得in charge （of）负责，主管in common 共用，共有，共同in conclusion 最后，总之in confidence 信任in connection with/to 关于in consequence of 由于……的缘故in consequence 因此，结果in contrast with/to 与……成对照in danger 在危险中，垂危in debt 欠债in detail 详细地in difficulties 处境困难in fact 其实，实际上in favor of 有利于，赞成，支持in force 有效；实施中in front of 在……面前in general 通常，大体上in half 成两半in hand 在掌握中，在控制中in honor of 以纪念，向……表示敬意in line with 与……一致，按照in line 成一直线，排成一行in memory of 纪念in nature 本质上in no case 决不in no time 立即，马上in no way 决不in one's/the way 妨碍，阻碍in order that 以便in order to 以便，为了in order 秩序井然，整齐in other words 另……in particular 特别地，尤其，详细地in person 亲自in place of 代替in place 在适当的位置in practice 在实际中，实际上in proportion to （与……）成比例的in public 公开地，当众in question 正在考虑in return 作为报答，作为回报in secret 秘密地，私下地in sense 从某种意义上说in shape 处于良好状态in sight 被看到，在望in spite of 不管，不顾；尽管，虽然in step 同步，合拍in stock 现有，备有in sum 总而言之in tears 流着泪，含泪，哭in the air 在流行中，在传播中in the course of 在……过程中，在……期间in the distance 在远处in the event of 万一，如果发生in the face of 面对，不顾，即使in the first place 起初，首先in the last place 最后in the least 一点，丝毫in the light of 按照，根据in the long run 最终，从长远观点看in the past 在过去，以往in the way of 妨碍in time 及时，适时地in truth 事实上，实际上，的确in turn 依次，轮流in vain 徒劳，无效in/with relation to 关系到of course 当然，自然off duty 下班on （the）one hand ……一方面……，on （the/an）average 平均，一般来说on a large scale 大规模地on a small scale 小规模地on account of 因为，由于on board 在船（车、飞机）上on business 因公，因事on condition that 在……条件下on duty 值班，上班on earth 究竟，到底on fire 烧着on foot 步行on guard 警惕，防范on hand 在手边，临近on occasion 有时，不时on one's honor 以名誉担保on one's own 独自地，独立地on purpose 故意，有意on sale 出售；贱卖on the basis of 根据，在……的基础上on the contrary 反之，正相反on the other hand ……另一方面……，on the point 即将……的时候on the road 在旅途中on the second thoughts 经重新考虑，一转念on the side 作为兼职，额外on the spot 当场，在现场on the whole 总的来说on time 准时on top of 在……之上on try 试穿out of breath 喘不过气来out of control 失去控制out of danger 脱离危险out of date 过期（时）的out of order 发生故障，失调out of place 不得其所的，不适当的out of practice 久不练习，荒疏out of sight 看不见，在视野之外out of step 步调不一致，不协调out of touch 失去联系out of work 失业，下岗to the point 切中要害，切题under control 被控制住up to date 时新的with respect to 关于with the exception of ……之外with the purpose of 为了with/in regard to 对于，就……而论for one thing 首先，一则in terms of 依据，按照；用……措词2、动词+名词a great/ good deal of 大量（的），许多（的）a lot （of）许多（的），大量（的）a matter of （关于……）的问题a number of 若干，许多a series of 一系列，一连串action on 作用appeal to 呼吁，要求attempt at 企图，努力attitude to / towards 态度，看法be friends with 对……友好，与……交上朋友bear/keep in mind 记住bring/carry into practice 实施，实行carry/bring into effect 使生效，使起作用catch fire 着火catch one's breath 屏息，歇口气catch one's eye 引人注目catch the sight of 发现，突然看见come to the point 说到要点，扼要地说come/go into effect 生效，实施come/go into force 生效，实施come/go into operation 使投入生产，使运转do/try one's best 尽力，努力fall in love with 相爱，爱上find fault 埋怨，挑剔get hold of 抓住，掌握get the best of 胜过get the better of 打败，智胜get/learn by heart 记住，背诵give rise to 引起，使发生give way 让路，让步have in mind 记住，考虑到，想到have/gain access to 可以获得have/gain an advantage over 胜过，优于influence on 影响interference in 干涉interference with 妨碍，打扰introduction to 介绍keep an eye on 留意，照看keep company with 与……交往，与……联系keep house 管理家务，做家务keep in touch 保持联系keep one's head 保持镇静keep one's word 遵守诺言keep track 通晓事态，注意动向keep/hold pace with 跟上，与……同步lead the way 带路，引路lose heart 丧失勇气，失去信心lose one's head 不知所措lose track 失去联系lots of 大量，很多make a /the difference 有影响，很重要make a face 做鬼脸make friends 交朋友，友好相处make fun of 取笑，嘲弄make one's way 前进，进行make progress 进步，进展make sense 讲得通，有意义make the best of 充分利用，妥善处理make up one's mind 下决心make use of 利用make way 让路，开路pave the way for 为……铺平道路pay attention to 注意play a part 起作用put in order 整理，检修put into effect 实行，生效put to use 使用，利用reply to 回答，答复take a chance 冒险一试take advantage of 利用，趁……之机take care of 照顾，照料take care 小心，当心take charge of 担任，负责take delight in 以……为乐take effect 生效，起作用take one's time 不急不忙，从容进行take place 发生，进行take the place of 代替take……into account 考虑throw/cast light on 使明白，阐明with delight 欣然，乐意地3、名词词组的其他形式a few 有些，几个a little 一点，稍，一些，少许ahead of time 提前all the time 一直，始终as matter of fact 实际情况，真相credit card 信用卡decline with thanks 婉言谢绝face to face 面对面地fair play 公平竞赛，公平对待heart and soul 全心全意I.D. card 身份证in demand 有需要，销路好little by little 逐渐的next door 隔壁no doubt 无疑，必定no matter 无论no more 不再no wonder 难怪，怪不得once in a while 偶尔，有时once upon a time 从前out of doors 在户外primary school 小学quite a few 还不少，有相当数目的quite a little 相当多，不少rest room 厕所，盥洗室side by side 肩并肩，一个挨一个step by step 逐步the moment （that）一……就word for word 逐字地。