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中考英语易混易错单词+短语+句型how much和how many的区别用法how much和how many的区别：how much用来询问事物的数量，后接不可数名词；how many用来询问事物的数量，后接可数名词复数。
1.所修饰词不同how much用来修饰不可数名词，表示数量，也可单独使用。
how many用来修饰可数名词的复数，它的句式是:How many+复数名词+一般疑问句+?例句：How much milk is there in the glass?玻璃杯里有多少牛奶?How many books are there on the desk?有多少本书在桌子上?2.用法不同How much 表示多少钱，用来问价格。
例句：How much is this dress?这个连衣裙多少钱?How many 表示多少，用来问数量。
例句：How many apples do you have?你有多少苹果?in和on的区别用法当我们表示某些东西被其他东西所包围时使用“in”这个词。
而“on”用于描述物体被放置在其他物体上方或外部的情况。
in可表时间，表地点，表手段、方法、材料。
on表示时间、地点、方位等。
1.意思不同in：prep.在... 里；在... 地方；在... 期间on：prep.在... 之上2.用法不同in：in着重一段时间的过程,常用于重复动作或延续动作。
in表示从现在时间算起推移到将来的一段时间之后,一般与将来时态连用。
例句：He is a layman in economics.他对经济学一窍不通。
on：表示“在物体的表面上”，只能用on的表达方式有on the next morning，on the following。
例句：The spider is walking on the ceiling.蜘蛛在天花板上爬行。
3.侧重点不同in：表示“在其中”。
on：表示“在表面”。
【易混点拨】：there be句型和have的区别
there be句型和have不同之处
一、用法不同
there be表示某个时间或地方“存在”某人或某物，而have表示主语“拥有”某人或某物，作宾语的某人或某物属主语所有。
如：
He has two sons. 他有两个儿子。
There are two men in the office. 办公室里有两个男人。
二、结构不同
there be + sb./sth. +时间/地点(副词或介词短语)；sb./sth. + have/has +sb./sth. else There are some children in the garden.花园里有几个孩子。
She has three cars.她拥有三辆汽车。
(汽车是属于她的)
二、相同之处
1.表示某物体在结构上“装有”“配备有”“固有”时，两者均可用。
如：
A clock has a round face.= There is a round face on a clock.
钟面上有一个圆型的钟盘。
Each house on the street has a small yard.= There is a small yard in each house on the street.这条街旁的每栋房子都有一座小花园。
2.当have表示“包括，存在”时，可以用there be替换。
如：
A week has seven days. =There are seven days in a week.一周有七天。
1 / 1。
![高考英语热点易混句型辨析[全国通用]](https://img.taocdn.com/s1/m/2003e967f5335a8102d2202b.png)
2008高考英语热点易混句型辨析易混句型是每位学生英语学习中的一个难点，更是高考中的一个焦点，它不仅在单项选择题中较多出现，而且在完型填空题，阅读理解题中也都有涉及和考查。
本人连续任教高三毕业班多年，根据对各种版本的教材，《教学大纲》、《考试大纲》以及对历年的特别是近几年的练习题、高考模拟题、高考试题进行分析、研究和归纳，现总结出以下常见易混句型，加以辨析，供考生同学以参考和备考2008。
一、(1) It was 3 hours ______ he finished the work.(2) It was 3 hours ago ______ he finished the work.(3) It is 3 hours ______ he finished the work.A. sinceB. thatC. whenD. before辨析：(1)题答案为D. 意为“过了三个小时，他才完成那项工作。
”It在此表时间，特别注意，主、从句时态的一致。
此复合句中的从句中用一般现在时表将来动作。
(2)题答案为C. 该句为强调句型结构，强调时间状语3 hours ago。
(3)题答案为A. 意为“他完成那项工作有三个小时了。
”要点归纳：1.“It + be + 时间名词 + + 句子”结构中，前后时态一致用before2. “It + be + 时间名词 + + 句子”结构中，前后时态不一致用since3. “It + be + 时间状语 + + 句子”结构中，用that高考实例1.(2004年福建卷)Scientists say it may be five or six years ______ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.A. sinceB. afterC. beforeD. when2. (2000年全国)It is the ability to do the job______ matters not where you come from or what you are.A. oneB. thatC. whatD. it3. (1998年全国)It was about 600 years ago ______ the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.A. thatB. untilC. beforeD. when答案：CBA.二、(1)_______ he said made us very surprised.(2)_______ he said so made us very surprised.A. ThatB. WhatC. IfD. Whether辨析：(1)题答案为B， what引导主语从句，在从句中做said的宾语。
语法易混点整理语法是语言的基础，掌握好语法规则对于准确表达和理解信息至关重要。
然而，有些语法点往往容易让人混淆，给语言学习者造成困惑。
下面整理了一些常见的语法易混点，帮助大家更好地理解和使用。
一、动词时态1.一般现在时与现在进行时一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性或普遍性的动作、状态或真理，常与时间状语词如always、often、usually等连用。
例如：- He often goes to the gym.（他经常去健身房。
）现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，常与表示现在的时间状语词连用。
例如：- She is watching TV now.（她正在看电视。
）2.一般过去时与过去进行时一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
例如：- He studied English last night.（他昨晚学习了英语。
）过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在进行或发生的动作。
例如：- She was reading a book when I saw her.（当我看见她时，她正在读书。
）二、介词用法1.at、in和on的区别at表示具体的时间点、地点或某一时刻。
例如：- I will meet you at the park tomorrow.（我明天在公园见你。
）in表示较长的时间段、季节、月份或年代。
例如：- I was born in 1990.（我生于1990年。
）on表示某一天、具体日期或节日。
例如：- We usually have a family gathering on Christmas Day.（我们通常在圣诞节那天举办家庭聚会。
）2.in和at表示地点in表示在一个大的地方范围内。
例如：- He lives in China.（他住在中国。
）at表示在一个精确的地点。
例如：- He is waiting at the bus stop.（他在公交车站等待。
）三、冠词用法1.a与an的区别a用于辅音音素开头的词前。
几种容易混淆的时态比较一、一般过去时与现在完成时的用法比较。
1.“一般过去时”所关心的是过去之事,与现在无联系，常带有表示过去某个时间的状语；现在完成时所关心的是过去发生的事，与现在有影响和联系，对现在产生某种结果；现在完成时强调过去与现在的联系。
①Ａ: I ________（lose）my pen. Can you lend me yours？Ｂ：Why don’t you buy one？Ａ:。
It _______（fall) into the river only a moment ago when I washed my hands. Now I’ve got to fill in a form with a pen。
2.现在完成时与for或since引起的短语连用时，表达从过去开始的动作或状态延续至今，而一般过去时与“for＋一段时间”连用时，只指过去的动作或状态在过去延续了多长时间。
②We___________(stay) here for three weeks。
I think we are going tostay another two weeks。
③My cousin went to Canada two years ago．He ________ there for a fewmonths and then went to America．A．worked B．would workC．would be working D。
has been working④I _______in London for many years，but I've never regretted my final decision to move back to China.A。
lived B. was living C. have lived D。
had lived⑤Ｉ＿in a foreign trade company for 5 years。
八年级(下)易错易混辨析即时演练1. The energy from the sun and wind is very cheap and it will never __________. A. come out B. put out C. carry out D. run out2. The earth's resources are __________at a surprising speed. We must save them as much as possible.A. run out ofB. being used upC. being run outD. ran out即时演练3. She used to _________ a bus to school, but now she is used to ___________ to school. A. taking; walk B. take; walk C. taking; walking D. take; walking4. This sign is used __________ tourists to stay away from the lion in the zoo. A. to warn B. to warning C. to make D. to making即时演练5. The old woman lives in the small village _________. But she doesn't feel __________.A. alone; aloneB. alone; lonelyC. lonely; aloneD. lonely; lonely即时演练6. I like reading with my roommate in the library _________ in the classroom.A. instead ofB. insteadC. becauseD. because of7. It will take us several days from Beijing to Henan by car, so let's fly ___________.A. indeedB. in orderC. instead ofD. instead即时演练8. --- Excuse me, can I _________ your pens?--- Sorry, I have __________ it to Bob.A. borrow; lentB. borrow; borrowedC. lend; lentD. lend; borrowed9. --- How is Tom now?--- I hear the company ________ him a good job, but he refused it.A. providedB. offeredC. passedD. introduced10. This hotel _________ us __________ a large house.A. provides; forB. offers; toC. provides; withD. offers; witheg: The doorbell rang while we were watching TV. 当我们看电视时，门铃响了。
易错易混辨析1. a bit 与a little①在肯定句中，a bit=a little,意为“有点儿”，修饰形容词或副词。
另外，a little还可以修饰不可数名词，意为“一点儿”。
Your article is a bit/a little long.There is only a little food left.②在否定句中，not a bit=not at all，意为“毫不”；not a little =very，意为“非常”。
The old man says that he is not a bit tired but in fact he is not a little tired.2.about与on都表示“关于”①about表示的内容较为普通，不是特别正式。
A book about Lei Feng②on表示严肃的或学术的A book on African history.3.above，on与over在......之上①表示位置高于某物（反below)Our office is above the shop.②表示物体表面相接触（反beneath）There is a glass on the desk.③表示垂直的上方（反under）There is a lamp hanging over the desk.4.accept与receive①表示主观上接受②表示客观上收到The girl received a gift，but she didn’t accept it.例题.I didn’t mean to trouble Curry yesterday. It was pouring with rain so I his offer of a lift. A.refused B.received C.allowed D.accepted5.across，throug与over①across在某个平面穿过②through从立体空间里穿过③over从上方越过The Great Wall winds its way from west to east ，across the deserts，over the mountains，through the valleys,till at last it reaches the sea.例题.You must be careful when you swim the lake.A.acrossB. belowC.overD.through6.ago与before①ago表示从事情发生到现在过去了多久（和一般过去时连用）②before表示从事情发生到过去某个时间是多久（可以和过去时或完成时连用）A week ago I went to see him ，but his father said that he had left two weeks before.7.agree with ,agree to 与agree on①agree with指“同意某人或某人的意见、观点、决定、想法、安排、解释”等，其后可以是一个名词或人称代词，也可以是what引导的从句。
it is...that... 强调句型1.It is + 被强调部分 + that ... 就是强调句该句型是强调句型。
将被强调的部分放在前面，其它部分置于that之后。
被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，表语或状语。
强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who 换用。
如果把这种句型结构划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的句子。
这也是判断强调句型与其它从句的方法。
It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.It was they that (who ) cleaned the classroom yesterday.It was in the street that I met her father.补充：2. It is not until + 被强调部分 + that ...该句型也是强调句型。
主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语”直到．．．才．．．”，可以说是 not ... until ... 的强调形式。
It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.= Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star.= I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.3. It is clear ( obvious, true, possible, certain....) that .....该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句，常译为”清楚（显然，真的，肯定．．．）” 是主语从句最常见的一种结构。
四种易混句型的用法比较崔长平河南遂平中学（463100）在高中英语复习备考中，我们常常会遇到it be … since …，it be … before …, it be … that …和this is …（that）…这四种句型，由于它们很近似，故而易混易错、难于掌握。
现将此四种句型在用法上比较如下：Ⅰ. it be … since …在英语中，有一些非延续性动词，它们在完成时态中是不能与持续性状语连用的。
这类非延续性动词常见的有：go, come, leave, arrive, return, begin, borrow, die, lose, reach, fall, discover, jump, become, join, get up 等。
既要使用非延续性动词又要使用持续性状语来表达的时候，我们经常会用到it be ＋表示一段时间的名词（名词词组，形容词等）＋since短语或从句这一句型。
It is three days since Mr. Smith left Hong Kong.（Mr. Smith已经离开香港三天了。
）It is just a week since we arrived here.(我们到达这里刚好一周。
)It is a long time since I met you last.(从我上次见到你到现在已有好长一段时间了。
)■在这一句型中，since从句经常使用一般过去时，主句中使用一般现在时或现在完成时来表达“从过去到现在”这一完成时意义。
It is / has been a long time since we met last.How long is it since he left NewYork？How long has it been since they reached London?It has been / is over sixty years since the People′s Republic of China was established.■表达“现在完成时”意义时，偶尔也会见到主、从句中均使用现在完成时的用法。
It has been a long time since I have seen you.It has been a long time since I have seen him so excited.■表达“过去完成时”意义时，主、从句中的时态有四种常见形式：It was years since I had seen her.It had been twenty years since we had joined the Party.It had been a long time since he arrived here.It was seven years since I met you for the first time.■当since从句中使用了延续性动词时，具有否定含义，意思是：不做某事多久了。
How long is it since you were in London?(你不在London多久了?)It has been about ten years since I worked in the factory.(我不在那个工厂工作已大约十年了。
)Ⅱ. it be … before …本句型的含义是：（用在肯定句）“过多久才……”；（用于否定句）“不久就……”具体结构为：it be ＋表示一段时间的名词＋ before短语或从句it (be 的否定形式) ＋ long ＋ before短语或从句It will be several months before we finish the project.It will be five weeks before he comes back.It would be many years before Mary returned.It won′t be long before we take examinations.It wouldn′t be long before the train arrived.■由于before从句是一个时间状语从句，故而，从句中使用一般现在时表达一般将来时；使用现在完成时表达将来完成时；使用一般过去时去体现过去将来时。
Ⅲ. it be … that / who …本句型是一个强调结构。
it-type 强调句型常可对句子的主语、宾语、状语等进行强调，一般不用来强调定语、表语和谓语。
其基本构成是：it be + 被强调部分 + that/who + 其它成分Ⅰ.若被强调部分是表示“人”的名词或代词时，句型中用who或that均可。
若被强调部分是其它情况时，句型中一般用that。
被强调部分若是主语，代词用主、宾格均可；如果是宾语，代词应用宾格，who也可以用whom的形式（用who也可以）。
Ⅱ.本句型一般用it is/was…that…，但也有it must have been…that…或it might be…that…这样的强调形式表示判断或可能。
另外，it is/was…that…句型中，不能因为被强调部分是复数名词或代词而使用it are/were…that…之类的形式。
被强调部分若是原句的主语，who或that后的谓语在人称和数上应和原句的主语保持一致。
正常句子： John met the new manager in the street yesterday afternoon.强调主语： It was John who/that met the new manager in the street yesterday afternoon.强调宾语： It was the new manager who/whom/that John met in the street yesterday afternoon.强调地点状语：It was in the street that John met the new manager yesterday afternoon.强调时间状语：It was yesterday afternoon that John met the new manager in the street.其它强调形式：It must have been his sister that you saw.It might be his mother that you are thinking of.It is I who am leaving for London next week.It is he that is right.It was John and Mary who were injured in the accident the other day.本句型的一般疑问句是将is或was提至句首，特殊问句要视具体情况加用疑问词。
It was the new manager that John met in the street yesterday afternoon.Was it the new manager that John met in the street yesterday afternoon？It was the new manager whom John met in the street yesterday afternoon.Who was it John met in the street yesterday afternoon？It is his dictionary that he is looking for.What is it he is looking for？It was on this very spot that she died.Where was it she died？It was half an hour ago that I saw them last.When was it you saw them last？It was because he was ill that he could not come.Why was it he could not come？It was the one on the right that fell and got broken.Which was it that fell and got broken？一般来讲，that和 who在句中不作主语时均可省去，尤其是在疑问句中。
对由not…until…构成的单句或复句进行强调时，要注意否定前移，不能照搬原句。
They didn′t begin to do it until last year.（对划线部分进行强调）It was not until last year that they began to do it.（将强调句式拿掉后，句子要倒装）Not until last year did they begin to do it.（若是复合句，倒装在主句）Not until I came back did he go to bed.Ⅲ.本强调句型可以强调because引导的原因状语从句，但不能强调since，as等引导的原因状语从句；可以强调so that引导的目的状语从句，但不能强调so that引导的结果状语从句；本句型不能强调条件或让步状语从句。
（∨）It was because he was ill that he did not go with us.（ⅹ）It was since he was busy that he did not come.（ⅹ）It was as he was not at home that I spoke to his brother.（∨）It was so that we might arrive there in time that we traveled all day.（ⅹ）It was so that we arrived there in time that we traveled all day.（ⅹ）It is if it rains that we will not go out.（ⅹ）It was though it was late that we went on working.Ⅳ.本句型与含有定语从句的主从复句及含有形式主语的主从复句的区别：强调句型只是一种强调形式，它强调句子的某个成分，如果把强调框架it is ∕was …who∕ whom ∕that…去掉，稍加整理，不需添加任何成分，即是一个结构和意义完整通顺的句子。
