高考情态动词用法总结
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情态动词的定义:
情:感情
态:态度
表达情感和态度的动词叫做情态动词
分类: can/be able to能够
May可以/可能
Must/have to必须
Need需要
Dare敢
Will表意愿
Should/ought to应该/可以
Can和be able to的区别
Can(could)能力
Be able to努力
I can do it myself.
Through my hard work,I am able to pass the exam.
Must/have to的区别
Must表主观
Have to 表客观 We must be loyal to our country.
The last bus has gone,so I have to walk home .
对于must的提问,肯定回答用must;否定回答用needn’t或者don’t have
to.
Must I hand in my papers now?
Yes,you must
No,you needn’t/you don’t have to.
对于may的提问,肯定回答是yes,sure/of course/certainly;否定回答用no,you mustn’t/you can’t.
May I play computer games?
Yes,of course.
No,you can’t.
推测:
1.肯定推测:must do(表现在);must be doing(表正在);must have
done(表过去)
例句;
It must be raining now.
Look at his new car,he must have earned a lot of money.
2.否定推测:can’t do(现在);couldn’t do(过去)
It can’t be William,he has gone to the USA.
高考题中的“情态动词+have+过去分词”结构
〔关键词〕 高考;难点;“情态动词+have+过去分词”结构
“情态动词+have+过去分词”这一结构可以表示各种不同的意义,是中学英语的难点之一,也是历年高考测试的热点内容之一。笔者根据历年高考题将此内容作一归纳。
一、“should(ought to)+have+过去分词”结构表示“过去应该做某事而没有做到”,即“本应该……(其实没有)”,含有后悔、责备或婉转批评之意。例如:
1. Here was a lot of fun at yesterday’s party. You
come, but why didn’t you?(1999上海)
A. must haveB. should
C. need haveD. ought to have(答案D)
2. I was really anxious about you. Youhome without a word.(2001NMET)
A. mustn’t leave
B. shouldn’t have left
C. couldn’t have left
D. needn’t have(答案B)
3. Oh,I’m not feeling well in the stomach. I
so much fried chicken just now.(2002NMET)
A. shouldn’t eat
B. mustn’t have eaten
C. shouldn’t have eaten
D. mustn’t eat(答案C)
4. —My cat’s really fat.
—You have given her so much food.(2007浙江)
A. wouldn’tB. couldn’t
C. shouldn’tD. mustn’t(答案C)
5. I told your friend how to get to the hotel, but perhaps Ihave driven her there.(2007陕西)
第1页 共4页 高考英语考点语法单选超级归纳:
八、情态动词和虚拟语气 情态动词
I.情态动词基本用法
情态动词 用 法 否定式 疑问式 简答式
can 能力(体力,智力,技能)
允许或许可(口语中常用)
可能性(表猜测,用于否定句或疑问句中) can not / cannot
/can’t do
Can…do…? Yes,…can.
No,…can’t. could couldn’t do
may 可以(问句中表示请求)
可能,或许(表推测)
祝愿(用于倒装句中) may not do May…do…?
Yes,…may.
No,…mustn’t/can’t.
might might not do Might…do…? Yes,…might
No,…might not.
must 必须,应该(表主观要求)
肯定,想必(肯定句中表推测) must not/mustn’t
do Must…do…? to. Yes,…must.
No,…needn’t/don’t have
have to 只好,不得不(客观的必须,有时态和人称的变化) don’t have to do Do…have to do…? Yes,…do.
No,…don’t.
ought
to 应当(表示义务责任,口语中多用should) ought not
to/oughtn’t to do Ought…to do…? Yes,…ought.
No,…oughtn’t.
shall 用于一三人称征求对方意见
用于二三人称表示许诺、命令、警告、威胁等 shall not/shan’t
do Shall…do…? Yes,…shall.
No,…shan’t.
should 应当,应该(表义务责任)
本该(含有责备意味) should
not/shouldn’t do Should…do…?
will 意愿,决心
入舵市安恙阳光实验学校语法专题六 情态动词
情态动词表示说话人的语气和情绪,本身词义不全,不能单独作谓语,后面必须与动词原形一起构成谓语。情态动词没有人称和数的变化,但有的情态动词有过去式。
考点一 can与could
1.表示能力,但could主要指过去的能力。表示“过去有能力成功做成某事”时通常用was/were able to。
The little boy can speak two foreign languages.
Could the girl read before she went to school?
Everyone was able to escape when the fire broke out.
2.表示可能(理论上或是逻辑判断上,并不涉及此事真的发生),常译为“往往会,有时候可能会”,常用于肯定句中。
Accidents can happen on rainy days.
3.表示请求和允许。在问句中could语气比can要委婉。
You can go back home now.
4.表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度。主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中。 How can you be so careless?
5.表示推测,常用于否定句和疑问句中,语气较强。
He can't be in the classroom;the light is not on.
6.cannot/never...too/enough...表示“再……也不为过”。
You can never be too careful when driving a car.
7.cannot but do sth./cannot help but do sth./cannot choose but do
sth.表示“不得不,只好做某事”。
You cannot choose but go with me.