2019年上海控江中学高三三模(2019.05)

控江中学高三三模数学试卷2019.05注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔在答题卡上填写自己的准考证号、姓名、试室号和座位号。

用2B 型铅笔把答题卡上试室号、座位号对应的信息点涂黑。

2．选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B 型铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。

3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。

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考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。

一. 填空题1. 函数2log (2)y x =-的定义域为2. 设圆锥的底面半径为1，体积为3，则该圆锥的侧面积为 3. 等差数列{}n a 中，31025a a +=，则其前12项之和12S 的值为 4. 幂函数k y x =的图像经过点1(4,)2，则它的单调减区间为5. 三角形ABC 中，45A =︒，75B =︒，AB边的长为，则BC 边的长为 6. 已知a 是实数，方程220x x a ++=的两根在复平面上对应的点分别为P 和Q ，若三角 形POQ 是等腰直角三角形，则a =7. 设实数x 、y 满足||||1x y +≤，则2x y +的最大值为8. 已知偶函数()y f x =的定义域为R ，且当0x ≥时，()4f x x =-，则不等式()5xf x ≤的 解为9. 等比数列{}n a 的首项为1，公比为3，则极限122311221limn n n n a a a a a a a a a +→∞-++⋅⋅⋅+++⋅⋅⋅+的值为10. 甲乙两人分别投掷两颗骰子与一颗骰子，设甲的两颗骰子的点数分别为a 与b ，乙的骰 子的点数为c ，则掷出的点数满足||a b c -=的概率为 （用最简分数表示）11. 已知a 是实数，在8(1)ax +的二项展开式中，第1k +项的系数为18k kk c C a+=⋅（0,1,2,3,,8k =⋅⋅⋅），若1239c c c c <<<⋅⋅⋅<，则a 的取值范围为 12. 设1238PP P P ⋅⋅⋅是平面直角坐标系中的一个正八边形，点i P 的坐标为(,)i i x y （1,2,,8i =⋅⋅⋅），集合{|A y =存在{1,2,,8}i ∈⋅⋅⋅，使得}i y y =，则集合A 的元素个数可能为 （写出所有可能的值）二. 选择题13. 方程2sin(2)103x π+-=在区间[0,4)π上的解的个数为（ ）A. 2B. 4C. 6D. 814. 已知直线l 平行于平面α，平面β垂直于平面α，则以下关于直线l 与平面β的位置关系的表述，正确的是（ ）A. l 与β不平行B. l 与β不相交C. l 不在平面β上D. l 在β上，与β平行，与β相交都有可能 15. 设三角形ABC 是位于平面直角坐标系xOy 的第一象限中的一个不等边三角形，该平面上的动点P 满足：222222||||||||||||PA PB PC OA OB OC ++=++，已知动点P 的轨迹是一个圆，则该圆的圆心位于三角形ABC 的（ ）A. 内心B. 外心C. 重心D. 垂心 16. 已知()y f x =与()y g x =皆是定义域、值域均为R 的函数，若对任意x ∈R ，()()f x g x >恒成立，且()y f x =与()y g x =的反函数1()y f x -=、1()y g x -=均存在，命题P ：“对任意x ∈R ，11()()f x g x --<恒成立”，命题Q ：“函数()()y f x g x =+的反函数一定存在”，以下关于这两个命题的真假判断，正确的是（ ） A. 命题P 真，命题Q 真 B. 命题P 真，命题Q 假 C. 命题P 假，命题Q 真 D. 命假P 假，命题Q 假三. 解答题17. 如图，空间几何体由两部分构成，上部是一个底面半径为1，高为2的圆锥，下部是一个底面半径为1，高为2的圆柱，圆锥和圆柱的轴在同一直线上，圆锥的下底面与圆柱的上底面重合，点P 是圆锥的顶点，AB 是圆柱下底面的一条直径，1AA 、1BB 是圆柱的两条母线，C 是弧AB 的中点.（1）求异面直线1PA 与BC 所成的角的大小； （2）求点1B 到平面PAC 的距离.18. 已知α、λ是实常数，cos sin()()sin()cos x x f x x xλαα-=+.（1）当1λ=，3πα=时，求函数()y f x =的最小正周期、单调增区间与最大值；（2）是否存在λ，使得()f x 是与α有关的常数函数（即()f x 的值与x 的取值无关）？若存在，求出所有满足条件的λ，若不存在，说明理由.19. 已知a 是实常数，0a >，21()1f x ax x =-+. （1）当2a =时，判断函数()y f x =在区间[1,)+∞上的单调性，并说明理由；（2）写出一个a 的值，使得()0f x =在区间(0,)+∞上有至少两个不同的解，并严格证明你的结论.20. 设抛物线Γ的方程为22y px =，其中常数0p >，F 是抛物线Γ的焦点. （1）若直线3x =被抛物线Γ所截得的弦长为6，求p 的值； （2）设A 是点F 关于顶点O 的对称点，P 是抛物线Γ上的动点，求||||PA PF 的最大值； （3）设2p =，1l 、2l 是两条互相垂直，且均经过点F 的直线，1l 与抛物线Γ交于点A 、B ，2l 与抛物线Γ交于点C 、D ，若点G 满足4FG FA FB FC FD =+++，求点G 的轨迹方程.21. 设各项均为整数的无穷数列{}n a 满足：11a =，且对所有*n ∈N ，1||n n a a n +-=均成立. （1）写出4a 的所有可能值（不需要写计算过程）；（2）若21{}n a -是公差为1的等差数列，求{}n a 的通项公式；（3）证明：存在满足条件的数列{}n a ，使得在该数列中，有无穷多项为2019.参考答案一. 填空题1. (2,)+∞2. 3π3. 1504. (0,)+∞5. 46. 27. 28. (,5]-∞9. 9410. 536 11. 8a > 12. 4或5或8二. 选择题13. D 14. D 15. C 16. D三. 解答题 17.（1）；（2. 18.（1）T π=，单调递增区间是[,]2k k πππ-，k ∈Z ，最大值是74，当且仅当x k π=； （2）1λ=-.19.（1）单调递增；（2）略. 20.（1）32p =；（2（3）23y x =-. 21.（1）5-，3-，1-，1，3，5，7；（2）1212122n n n k a n n k +⎧=-⎪⎪=⎨⎪-+=⎪⎩，*k ∈N ；（3）略.。

2019-2020学年上海市控江中学高三生物模拟试卷及答案解析一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。

1. 下例关于细胞“一定”的说法正确的是（）A.含细胞壁结构的细胞一定为植物细胞B.含中心体的细胞一定为动物细胞C.绿色植物细胞内一定含叶绿体D.所有生物的蛋白质一定是在核糖体上合成的2. 下列有关以种群和群落为研究对象的表述，正确的是（）A. 初生演替和次生演替的最终阶段都是森林，只是用时不同B. 森林群落中仅大部分山毛榉和五针松被砍伐，降低了群落丰富度C. 一个物种可以形成多个种群，但一个种群只含有一个物种D. 农田中的高粱有高有矮，体现了群落的垂直结构3. 在调查种群密度时不适合采用样方法的生物是（）①车前草①跳蝻①蚜虫①杨树①田鼠A. ①①①B. ①①①C. ①①①①D. ①4. 有关高中生物的“骨架、支架”的说法中错误的是（）A. 蛋白质的基本性质不仅与碳骨架有关，也与功能基团有关B. 真核细胞中的细胞骨架是由纤维素组成的网架结构C. 生物大分子均以碳链为基本骨架，例如多糖和DNA等D. 高尔基体形成的囊泡沿细胞骨架间的细胞质基质移动5. 神经元之间可以通过神经递质传递兴奋，以下关于神经递质的说法，错误的是（）A.突触前膜通过胞吐释放神经递质体现了细胞膜控制物质进出细胞的功能B.神经递质经扩散通过突触间隙不消耗ATPC.神经递质进入突触后膜后只能与特异性受体结合D.神经递质作用后会被清除以提高神经调节的准确性6. 小肠绒毛上皮细胞易吸收葡萄糖，却很难吸收相对分子量比葡萄糖小的木糖，原因可能是（）A.细胞膜上无木糖载体B.细胞膜上的磷脂分子排列紧密C.木糖的浓度太低D.木糖的分子太大7. 下列有关物质进出细胞方式的叙述，正确的是（）A.一种物质只能通过一种运输方式进出细胞B.氧气和甘油通过自由扩散的方式进入细胞C.红细胞吸收葡萄糖消耗ATPD.分泌蛋白的释放需要细胞膜上载体蛋白的参与8. 在群落中，各个生物种群分别占据了不同的空间，使群落形成一定的空间结构。

2019-2020学年上海市控江中学高三英语第三次联考试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIt’s the time of year when we start hiking. As you pack, remember to bring your smartphone. Whether you’re going on a short walk or a long trip, there are a handful of apps that can help.MapMyHikeThis app tracks where you're hiking so you have a mapof your route at the end of the hike. It can also track other fitness information like the distance traveled, speed, pace, and even calories burned. You can save the data for your hike, so you can always access the route you look as well as track improvements to your workout. GaiaGPSYou don't always have cellphone service when hiking, but you always want to know where you are. The GaiaGPS app provides that information. Download maps of different parts of the world, and access the GaiaGPS app in the middle of even the most remote trails. The GPS function makes using the maps simple, and the app will also point to areas of interest.Backpacking ChecklistOne of the worst things is being way out on a trail only to discover you left behind something important. That's why checklists are the best. This checklist app helps you build a customized(定制的) list of things to take with you. Organize different lists based on trail lengths or requirements. Track all your essential items by weight and where you can find them.WildObsUsing WildObs, you can record your observations of plants and animals and add them to the database. You can ask the community to help you identify something and keep track of everything you've met, and most importantly, you can become a citizen scientist. By recording what you've seen with this app, you're helping scientists keep track of what's happening to the natural world.1. What can you do with MapMyHike?A. Record your walking speed.B. Design a suitable hiking route.C. Locate popular tourist attractions.D. Store the data of your daily activities.2. What is WildObs intended to do?A. To provide survival skills.B. To lead the way.C. To identify wildlife.D. To help make preparations.3. Which app is most useful before hiking?A. GaiaGPS.B. MapMyHike.C. WildObs.D. Backpacking Checklist.BWhen the COVID-19 hit and supermarket shelves were empty, Chris Hall and Stefanny Lowey decided they no longer wanted to rely on others for food. The couple, who live on Pender Island in BritishColumbia, Canada, decided to start a year-long challenge where they wouldn't buy a single thing to eat. Instead they would grow, raise or catch everything—right down to sugar, salt and flour. Now, five months in, they say the challenge has changed their lives.Chris, 38, said, “It has always been something that we have wanted to do. We have had a garden and grown vegetables for a long time already. When the COVID-19 hit, it gave us that extra push that we needed to do it. We were both out of work when we started, and with the reality check of grocery stores running out of items, it gave us even more motivation to see if we could look after ourselves.”The pair spent the months before building a house for chickens, ducks and turkey as well as studying as much as possible to figure out where they would get all the things they needed. Chris adds, “We had to learn so many new things like how to grow mushrooms, process our Stevia plants, and harvest salt from the ocean. We spent a lot of time reading and studying online to figure out all the things we were going to need to do.”Now after five months, they both feel its been going well but Chris admits the first few weeks were difficult. “The first three weeks were very challenging as our bodies adjusted to cutting out coffee, wine and sugar all on the same day,” he says. “After three weeks our energy levels balanced out and our wishes reduced and now we feel great.” Now February has ended. As they come through winter, they feel positive about continuing with this way of living, with their challenge officially ending in August.4. Why did the pair decide to produce foods on their own?A. They were isolated by Pender Island.B. They couldn't afford to buy them because they were out of work.C. They believed it's good for their health.D. They could hardly buy them in shops.5. Which words can be used to describe the couple?A. Rich and generous.B. Helpful and positive.C. Optimistic and self-dependent.D. Motivated and brave.6. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. Their challenge may last about eleven months in total.B. They were discouraged by the difficulty at first.C. They had difficulty because they wanted more.D. They couldn't adjust their bodies to the hard work after three weeks.7. In which column may you read such a passage?A. Sports.B. Agriculture.C. Lifestyle.D. Business.CHave you ever done something that was really dangerous just because you thought it was safe？Maybe you did a dangerous trick on your bicycle or skateboard because you were wearing a helmet and thought you couldn’t get hurt. The psychology(心理) of this sort of behavior is called the Peltzman Effect, named after Sam Peltzman, professor of economics at the University of Chicago. Peltzman believes that those moments when people think they are the safest are the times when they act most dangerously.Peltzman said that people drove more dangerously when they wore seat belts(安全带) . Driving a large four-wheel drive vehicle has a similar effect on drivers’ behavior. Because drivers of large vehicles sit up higher and can see better, they feel they can make better judgments when they drive. They are better protected in accidents,so they act more dangerously. This makes driving morehazardousto other drivers.The Peltzman Effect isn’t just limited to driving. In 1972, the American Food and Drug Administration (FDA) passed a law requiring child safety caps on most medicine bottles. The safety caps were designed to prevent children from accidentally taking the medicine, especially painkillers such as aspirin. Requiring safety caps sounded like a great idea, but there was an unexpected side effect. Because the safety caps are so hardto take off, some people leave them off altogether．Worse, some parents leave the bottles where kids can reach them because they feel that it is safe because of the cap. A study on the Peltzman Effect showed that more than 3,500 children have been harmedby aspirin because of the safety caps.The Peltzman Effect describes how we’re likely to take more risks and act more dangerously when we feel safest. What’s more, the effects of these behaviors can be quite different from what we expect.8. What is the Peltzman Effect？A. People behave less safely when they feel safe．B. People feel safest when they are under protection．C. Something that seems dangerous turns out to be safe．D. People who act dangerously are likely to be together．9. What does the underlined word“hazardous”in Paragraph 2 mean？A. Interesting．B. Expensive．C. Dangerous．D. Important．10. Medicine bottles with safety caps ________．A. are required throughout the worldB. meet the demands of the Peltzman EffectC. sell well in the worldD. are not completely safe11. What would be the best title for the text？A. Unsafe Safety MeasuresB. Types of Decision MakingC. People’s Fear of Taking RisksD. Different Behaviors of People in DangerDGetting drunk on ice cream used to be the stuff of dreams, but thanks to Will Rogers, inventor and owner of WDS Dessert Stations in Hinkley, Illinois, it has become a delicious reality. The Below Zero icecream machine uses a unique technique to freeze alcohol, which allows you to turn beers, cocktails and even spirits (烈酒) into delicious soft —serve ice cream.Rogers was trying to create a highly — caffeinated espresso ice cream flavor when he realized hecould use the same technique with alcoholic beverages. He started experimenting with various gums and stabilizers commonly used in the ice cream industry and eventually patented something called the NEA gel. It’s this magical concoction (调制品) that allows the alcohol to freeze to a near solid inside the Below Zero ice cream machine.Even though Below Zero changes the texture (质地) of beer, cocktails and even spirits, essentially turning them into soft —serve ice cream, it does not affect the alcohol contentat all. The ABV (酒精度) remains exactly the same, which means you can get drunk on ice — cream just as you would on the same concoctions in liquidform.Will Rogers claims that it takes around 30 minutes for beer to go from liquid to ice cream form, but higher alcohol content drinks take longer. Essentially, the higher the alcohol level, the longer the wait.The American inventor plans to sell Below Zero ice cream machines to bars and breweries wanting to surprise their patrons. Metro reports that machines will sell for about 6,000.12. What’s the name of the machine which can change beer and spirits into ice cream?A. Will RogersB. WDS Dessert StationsC. HinkleyD. Below Zero13. What makes alcohol to freeze to a near solid inside the machine?A. gums.B. stabilizers.C. NEA gel.D. ABV.14. What can we know from the passage?A. The machine can change all liquids into ice cream.B. It takes 20 minutes for beer to change into ice cream.C. The higher the alcohol level, the shorter the wait will be.D. The machine changes the texture of beer, cocktails and even spirits.15. What can we infer from the passage?A. The machine affects the alcohol content.B. You can get drunk if you have ice—creams made from spirits.C. The American inventor doesn’t want to sell themagical machine.D. Bars and breweries will not become potential buyers of the machine.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019届上海市控江中学高三三模数学试题一、单选题 1．方程2sin(2)103x π+-=在区间[0,4)π上的解的个数为（ ）A.2B.4C.6D.8【答案】D【解析】将函数解的个数通过构造函数法转化为在对应区间交点个数，原式可变形为1232sin x π⎛⎫+= ⎪⎝⎭，分别构造1sin 23y x π⎛⎫=+ ⎪⎝⎭和212y =，结合[)04x ,π∈图像，采用数形结合法找出交点个数即可 【详解】 由2sin(2)103x π+-=得1232sin x π⎛⎫+= ⎪⎝⎭，[]04x ,π∈，分别画出1sin 23y x π⎛⎫=+ ⎪⎝⎭和212y =在[)04x ,π∈的图像，如图：两函数图像有8个交点，故方程22103sin x π⎛⎫+-= ⎪⎝⎭在区间[)04,π上的解的个数为8个故选：D 【点睛】本题考查三角函数的图象和性质，数形结合求函数的交点，属于基础题2．已知直线l 平行于平面α，平面β垂直于平面α，则以下关于直线l 与平面β的位置关系的表述，正确的是（ ） A.l 与β不平行 B.l 与β不相交C.l 不在平面β上D.l 在β上，与β平行，与β相交都有可能 【答案】D【解析】以正方体为载体能推导出直线l 平行于平面α，平面β垂直于平面α，从而直线l 与平面β相交、平行或在平面内. 【详解】 如下图所示：在正方体1111ABCD A B C D -中，平面ABCD ⊥平面11CDD C ，11//A B 平面ABCD ，11//A B 平面11CDD C ； 11//A D 平面ABCD ，11A D 与平面11CDD C 相交； 11//C D 平面ABCD ，11C D ⊂平面11CDD C .所以，直线l 平行于平面α，平面β垂直于平面α， 则直线l 与平面β相交、平行或在平面内，故选：D. 【点睛】本题考查线面关系有关命题真假的判断，可以利用简单几何体作载体来进行判断，考查逻辑推理能力，属于中等题.3．设三角形ABC 是位于平面直角坐标系xOy 的第一象限中的一个不等边三角形，该平面上的动点P 满足：222222||||||||||||PA PB PC OA OB OC ++=++，已知动点P 的轨迹是一个圆，则该圆的圆心位于三角形ABC 的（ ） A.内心 B.外心C.重心D.垂心【答案】C【解析】可设(,)P x y ，()11,A x y ()22,B x y ， ()33,C x y ，由222222||||||||||||PA PB PC OA OB OC ++=++列出关系式，由P 的轨迹为圆，求出圆心坐标即可 【详解】设(,)P x y ，()11,A x y ()22,B x y ， ()33,C x y ，由222222||||||||||||PA PB PC OA OB OC ++=++得：222222222222112233112233()()()()()()x x y y x x y y x x y y x y x y x y -+-+-+-+-+-=+++++展开整理，得22123123332()2()0x y x x x x y y y y +-++-++=．∴2222123123123123111[()][()][()()]339x x x x y y y y x x x y y y -+++-++=+++++． ∴圆的圆心坐标为1231(()3x x x ++，1231())3y y y ++，为三角形ABC 的重心．故选：C 【点睛】本题考查圆的轨迹方程的求法，重心坐标公式的应用，计算量偏大，化简时需进行整体代换，简化运算难度，属于中档题4．已知()y f x =与()y g x =皆是定义域、值域均为R 的函数，若对任意x ∈R ，()()f x g x >恒成立，且()y f x =与()y g x =的反函数1()y f x -=、1()y g x -=均存在，命题P ：“对任意x ∈R ，11()()f x g x --<恒成立”，命题Q ：“函数()()y f x g x =+的反函数一定存在”，以下关于这两个命题的真假判断，正确的是（ ） A.命题P 真，命题Q 真 B.命题P 真，命题Q 假 C.命题P 假，命题Q 真 D.命题P 假，命题Q 假【答案】D【解析】利用反函数的定义和原函数与反函数关于直线y x =的对称性，通过列举的方式加以说明即可 【详解】由题，可设1,0()11,0x y f x x x ⎧=⎪⎪==⎨⎪+≠⎪⎩与0,0()1,0x y g x x x ⎧=⎪⎪==⎨⎪≠⎪⎩ 其反函数10,1()1,11x y f x x x -⎧=⎪⎪==⎨⎪≠⎪-⎩，10,0()1,0x y g x x x-⎧=⎪⎪==⎨⎪≠⎪⎩均存在，命题p ：对任意x ∈R ，11()()f x g x --<恒成立”由图象关于y x =直线对称可知p 是错误的． 如图：对命题Q ：可 设(),1,2,33,11,22,3x x x f x x x ≠⎧⎪=⎪=⎨=⎪⎪=⎩，()3,2,30,21,3x x g x x x -≠⎧⎪==⎨⎪-=⎩令()()()h x f x g x =+，存在()()23=1h h =，根据反函数特征，若函数存在反函数，则不能存在一个y 值对应两个x 的情况，说明()h x 不存在反函数 故命题P 假，命题Q 假 故选：D ．【点睛】本题考查命题真假的判断，反函数的性质，解题时，既要学会把握常规函数，也要学会列举特殊函数，特殊性往往是解题的关键二、填空题5．函数2()log (2)f x x =-的定义域是_______. 【答案】(2,)+∞【解析】由20x -> 得2x > ,所以函数()()2log 2f x x =-的定义域是()2,+∞,故答案为()2,+∞.6．已知一个圆锥的底面圆的半径为1，则该圆锥的侧面积为 ． 【答案】3π【解析】试题分析：∵圆锥的底面圆的半径为1，体积为3，∴圆锥的高为∴3=，∴圆锥的侧面积为133ππ⨯⨯= 【考点】本题考查了圆锥的性质点评：解决此类问题的关键是掌握圆锥中的体积和侧面积公式，属基础题 7．等差数列{}n a 中，31025a a +=，则其前12项之和12S 的值为______ 【答案】150【解析】利用等差数列的通项公式、前n 项和公式直接求解． 【详解】∵等差数列{a n }中，a 3+a 10＝25， ∴其前12项之和S 12()112122a a =+=6（a 3+a 10）＝6×25＝150． 故答案为：150． 【点睛】本题考查等差数列的前n 项和的公式，考查等差数列的性质的应用，考查运算求解能力，是基础题．8．幂函数k y x =的图象经过点(14,2)，则它的单调减区间为________【答案】(0,)+∞【解析】将点(14,2)代入ky x =,解得12k =-,从而可得幂函数的单调递减区间. 【详解】依题意得,142k =,即1222k -=, 所以12k =-,所以的解析式为:12y x -=, 所以单调递减区间为(0,)+∞. 故答案为: (0,)+∞. 【点睛】本题考查了幂函数的单调区间,属于基础题.9．三角形ABC 中，45A =︒，75B =︒，AB边的长为则BC 边的长为________. 【答案】4【解析】利用三角形内角和定理先求C 的值，再根据正弦定理求得BC 【详解】45A ∠=︒，75B ∠=︒，18060C A C ∴∠=︒-∠-∠=︒，又2AB =sin sin BC ABA C=，可得：4AB sin A BC sinC ⋅===故答案为：4 【点睛】本题考查三角形内角和定理，正弦定理在解三角形中的应用，属于基础题10．已知a 是实数，方程220x x a ++=的两根在复平面上对应的点分别为P 和Q ，若三角形POQ 是等腰直角三角形，则a =________. 【答案】2【解析】由题可知，方程的两根应为虚根，可设方程220x x a ++=的两复根为11x bi =-+，21x bi =--，根据条件可得OP OQ ⊥，列方程求解即可【详解】根据题意设方程220x x a ++=的两虚根为11x bi =-+，21x bi =--，b 为实数， 方程的两根在复平面上对应的点分别为P 和Q ，三角形POQ 是等腰直角三角形，∴OP OQ ⊥，∴210OP OQ b ⋅=-=，21b ∴=，21212a x x (bi )∴==-=，a ∴的值为2．故答案为：2． 【点睛】本题考查复数的代数表示法及其几何意义，向量垂直对应的数量积的坐标关系，属于基础题11．设实数x 、y 满足||||1x y +≤，则2x y +的最大值为________ 【答案】2【解析】作出可行域后,观察图象利用直线的纵截距最大找到最优解,代入即可求得. 【详解】作出不等式||||1x y +≤所表示的平面区域,如图:令2z x y =+,则2y x z =-+,要使z 最大,即直线2y x z =-+的纵截距最大,观察图象可知,最优解为(1,0), 所以2z x y =+的最大值为2102⨯+=. 故答案为:2 【点睛】本题考查了利用线性规划求目标函数的最大值.12．已知偶函数()y f x =的定义域为R ，且当0x ≥时，()4f x x =-，则不等式()5xf x ≤的解为________.【答案】(]5,-∞【解析】由函数是偶函数，0x …时，()4f x x =-，先求出0x <时的()f x ，再根据二次不等式求解即可 【详解】偶函数()y f x =的定义域为R ，且当0x …时，()4f x x =-， ∴当0x <时，0x ->，()()4f x f x x -==--，()5xf x …，当0x …时，原不等式可化为(4)5x x -…，可解得：15x -剟，所以05x 剟； 当0x <时，原不等式可化为(4)5x x --…，即2450x x ++≥，由∆<0可得x ∈R 恒成立，解得0x <， 综上所述，5x …， 故答案为：(]5,-∞ 【点睛】本题考查偶函数对称区间上解析式的求解，二次不等式的解法，体现了分段函数分类讨论的思想，易错点为分类讨论过程中所求解集忽略分类讨论的大前提，直接书写答案 13．等比数列{}n a 的首项为1，公比为3，则极限122311221lim n n n n a a a a a a a a a +→∞-++⋅⋅⋅+++⋅⋅⋅+的值为_______. 【答案】94【解析】分别求出12231n n a a a a a a +++⋅⋅⋅+前n 项和与1221n a a a -++⋅⋅⋅+对应的前21n -项的和，再化简求极限即可 【详解】等比数列{}n a 的首项为1，公比为3，∴13-=n n a ，∴121193333nn n n n n a a --+=⋅==， 1223119(19)3(19)n n n a a a a a a +-∴++⋯+=⋅-，21123211313n n a a a a ---+++⋯+=-，∴122311232111991999limlim()lim()34934419nn n n n n n n n na a a a a a a a a a +→∞→∞→∞--++⋯+-=⋅=⋅=+++⋯+-- 故答案为：94【点睛】本题考查等比数列的前n 项，数列的极限的求法，属于基础题14．甲乙两人分别投掷两颗骰子与一颗骰子，设甲的两颗骰子的点数分别为a 与b ，乙的骰子的点数为c ，则掷出的点数满足||a b c -=的概率为________（用最简分数表示）. 【答案】536【解析】分析可知，基本事件总数666216n =⨯⨯=，利用列举法表示掷出的点数满足||a b c -=对应的基本事件()a,b,c 有30个，进而求得||a b c -=的概率【详解】由题可知，基本事件总数666216n =⨯⨯=，掷出的点数满足||a b c -=包含的基本事件(a ，b ，)c 有：当1c =时，有：(1，2，1)，(2，1，1)，(2，3，1)，(3，2，1)，(3，4，1)，(4，3，1)，(4，5，1)，(5，4，1)，(5，6，1)，(6，5，1)，共10个；当2c =时，有：(1，3，2)，(3，1，2)，(2，4，2)，(4，2，2)，(3，5，2)， (5，3，2)，(6，4，2)，(4，6，2)，共8个；当3c =时，有(1，4，3)，(4，1，3)，(2，5，3)，(5，2，3)，(3，6，3)，(6，3，3)，共6个；当4c =时，有(1，5，4)，(5，1，4)，(2，6，4)，(6，2，4)，共4个； 当5c =时，有(1，6，5)，(6，1，5)，共2个； 合计共30个，∴掷出的点数满足||a b c -=的概率为30521636p ==． 故答案为：536． 【点睛】本题考查古典概型的基本求法、列举法表示概率事件，属于基础题15．已知a 是实数，在8(1)ax +的二项展开式中，第1k +项的系数为18k kk c C a+=⋅（0,1,2,3,,8k =⋅⋅⋅），若1239c c c c <<<⋅⋅⋅<，则a 的取值范围为________. 【答案】8a >【解析】若要满足1239c c c c <<<⋅⋅⋅<， 即1k k c c +>，即1188k k k k C a C a -->，分别对0,0a a ><进行分类讨论，利用不等式的性质化简，即可求得a 的取值范围【详解】由题可得1k k C C +>，所以1188k k k k C a C a -->，所以0a ≠当0a <时，必然会出现当k 为奇数时，即()21,14k n n =-≤≤，80k kC a ⋅<，而1180k k C a -->，此时与1k k c c +>相矛盾，故0a <舍去当0a >时，1188k kk k C a Ca-->⇒1889k k C ka C k->=-，(0.1.28)k =⋯，又8()8998max k k ==--，所以a 的取值范围为8a >， 综上所述，8a > 故答案为：8a >． 【点睛】本题考查二项式定理基本概念，不等式恒成立问题，属于中档题16．设1238PP P P ⋅⋅⋅是平面直角坐标系中的一个正八边形，点i P 的坐标为(,)i i x y （1,2,,8i =⋅⋅⋅），集合{|A y =存在{1,2,,8}i ∈⋅⋅⋅，使得}i y y =，则集合A 的元素个数可能为________（写出所有可能的值）. 【答案】4或5或8【解析】根据正八边形特征可分为三种情况研究集合A 的元素个数． 【详解】 如图所示：①如果正八边形边//x 轴，或正八边形隔两个顶点的对角线//x 轴，如3812////P P PP x 轴时，可得集合1{A y =，3y ，4y ，5}y ，此时A 的元素个数为4．②如果正八边形隔一个顶点的对角线//x 轴，或正八边形隔三个顶点的对角线//x 轴，如3782////P P P P x 轴时，可得集合1{A y =，2y ，3y ，4y ，5}y ，此时A 的元素个数为5． ③如果正八边形边与对角线都与x 轴不平行时，可得集合1{A y =，2y ，3y ，4y ，5y ，6y ，7y ，8}y ，此时A 的元素个数为8．综上可得：集合A 的元素个数可能为4或5或8． 故答案为：4或5或8． 【点睛】本题考查集合中元素的特征、正八边形特征、分类讨论方法，图形推理能力，属于中档题三、解答题17．如图，空间几何体由两部分构成，上部是一个底面半径为1，高为2的圆锥，下部是一个底面半径为1，高为2的圆柱，圆锥和圆柱的轴在同一直线上，圆锥的下底面与圆柱的上底面重合，点P 是圆锥的顶点，AB 是圆柱下底面的一条直径，1AA 、1BB 是圆柱的两条母线，C 是弧AB 的中点.（1）求异面直线1PA 与BC 所成的角的大小； （2）求点1B 到平面PAC 的距离.【答案】（1）arccos10；（2）11. 【解析】（1）以O 为原点，OC 为x 轴，OB 为y 轴，OP 为z 轴，建立空间直角坐标系，利用向量法求出异面直线1PA 与BC 所成的角的大小即可（2）求出平面PAC 的法向量，利用向量法求出点1B 到平面PAC 的距离 【详解】（1）由题意以O 为原点，OC 为x 轴，OB 为y 轴，OP 为z 轴，建立空间直角坐标系， 如图则()004P ,,，()10,1,2A -， ()0,1,0B ，()1,0,0,C ，()10,1,2PA =--， ()1,1,0BC =-，111cos ,||||5PA BCPA BC PA BC ⋅<>===⋅ ∴异面直线1PA 与BC 所成的角的大小为arccos 10．（2）()10,1,2B ， ()0,10A --， ()10,1,2PB =-， ()0,1,4PA =--， ()1,0,4PC =-， 设平面PAC 的法向量(),,n x y z =，则4040n PA y z n PC x z ⎧⋅=--=⎪⎨⋅=-=⎪⎩，取1z =，得()4,4,1n =-， ∴点1B 到平面PAC 的距离为：1||||33PB n d n ⋅===【点睛】本题考查异面直线所成角的大小、点到平面的距离的求法，向量法在立体几何中的应用，属于中档题18．已知α、λ是实常数，cos sin()()sin()cos x x f x x xλαα-=+.（1）当1λ=，3πα=时，求函数()y f x =的最小正周期、单调增区间与最大值；（2）是否存在λ，使得()f x 是与α有关的常数函数（即()f x 的值与x 的取值无关）？若存在，求出所有满足条件的λ，若不存在，说明理由. 【答案】（1）T π=，单调递增区间是[,]2k k πππ-，k ∈Z ，最大值是74，当且仅当x k π=；（2）存在，1λ=-. 【解析】（1）将1λ=，3πα=代入化简()f x 的表达式，求出最小正周期、单调增区间和最大值即可；（2）根据（1）中化简的()f x 的解析式分析，当102λ+=时，满足条件【详解】 cos sin()()||sin()cos xx f x x xλαα-=+22222cos (sin cos cos sin )x x x λαα=-- 2222(sin )cos cos sin x x λαα=+-221sin cos cos222x λλαα++-=+，（1）当1λ=，3πα=时，3()cos24f x x =+，()f x ∴的周期T π=，当从cos21x =时，最大值为74，由222()k x k k Z πππ-+∈剟，得 ()2k x k k Z πππ-+∈剟，()f x ∴的单调增区间为[,]()2k k k Z πππ-+∈，（2）221sin cos ()cos222f x x λλαα++-=+，显然当102λ+=，即1λ=-时，()f x 的值与x 的取值无关，∴存在1λ=-，使得()f x 是与α有关的常数函数．【点睛】本题考查行列式的简单计算，三角函数的化简求值，三角函数的图象与性质，属于基础题19．已知a 是实常数，0a >，21()1f x ax x=-+. （1）当2a =时，判断函数()y f x =在区间[1,)+∞上的单调性，并说明理由； （2）写出一个a 的值，使得()0f x =在区间(0,)+∞上有至少两个不同的解，并严格证明你的结论.【答案】（1）()y f x =在区间[1，)+∞上的单调递增（2）当14a =时，()0f x =在区间(0,)+∞上有至少两个不同的解，证明见详解【解析】（1）利用函数增减性的判断方法证明即可； （2）当14a =时满足，()0f x =在区间(0,)+∞上有至少两个不同的解，利用零点存在定理分别取123124x ,x ,x ===进行验证即可 【详解】（1）当2a =时，21()21f x x x =-+， 设121x x <<，则()()()()2221212121222221121122x x f x f x x x x x x x x x --=-+-=--()()()2221121222122x x x x x x x x --+=，其中()()()()()2222222212121211221122212=11x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x -+-+-=-+-，122110x x ,x x <<∴->，()()22112221110x x x x x x ∴-+->，()()21f x f x ∴>()y f x ∴=在区间[1，)+∞上的单调递增；（2）当14a =时，()0f x =在区间(0,)+∞上有至少两个不同的解，证明如下： 211()14f x x x=-+，()f x 在(0,)+∞函数图像连续，利用零点存在定理，分别令123124x ,x ,x ===()()1111104f x f ==-+>， ()()2111210244f x f ==-+=-< ()()120f x f x ⋅<，故在()12x ,∈，()f x 至少存在一个零点 同理可得： ()()31411016f x f ==-+>，()()230f f x x ⋅<， 故在()24x ,∈，()f x 至少存在一个零点()0f x ∴=在区间(0,)+∞上有至少两个不同的解．【点睛】本题考查定义法求证函数单调性，零点存在定理的具体应用，合理赋值是应用零点存在定理解题的关键，属于中档题20．设抛物线Γ的方程为22y px =，其中常数0p >，F 是抛物线Γ的焦点. （1）若直线3x =被抛物线Γ所截得的弦长为6，求p 的值；（2）设A 是点F 关于顶点O 的对称点，P 是抛物线Γ上的动点，求||||PA PF 的最大值；（3）设2p =，1l 、2l 是两条互相垂直，且均经过点F 的直线，1l 与抛物线Γ交于点A 、B ，2l 与抛物线Γ交于点C 、D ，若点G 满足4FG FA FB FC FD =+++，求点G 的轨迹方程.【答案】（1）32p =；（2；（3）23y x =-. 【解析】（1）当3x =时，代入抛物线方程，求得y ，可得弦长，解方程可得p ； （2）求得A 的坐标，设出过A 的直线为()2py k x =+，tan k α=，联立抛物线方程，若要使||||PA PF 取到最大值，则直线和抛物线相切，运用判别式为0，求得倾斜角，可得所求最大值；（3）求得(1,0)F ，设1(A x ，1)y ，2(B x ，2)y ，3(C x ，3)y ，4(D x ，4)y ，()G x y ,，设1:(1)l y k x =-，联立抛物线方程，运用韦达定理和两直线垂直斜率之积为-1的条件，结合向量的坐标表示，和消元法，可求得轨迹方程 【详解】（1）由3x =可得y =6，解得32p =； （2）A 是点(2pF ，0)关于顶点O 的对称点，可得(2p A -，0)，设过A 的直线为()2py k x =+，tan k α=，联立抛物线方程可得22222(2)04k p k x k p p x +-+=， 由直线和抛物线相切可得△2242(2)0k p p k p =--=，解得1k =±， 可取1k =，可得切线的倾斜角为45︒， 由抛物线的定义可得||11||sin(90)cos PA PF αα==︒-，而α的最小值为45︒， ||||PA PF ； （3）由24y x =，可得(1,0)F ，设1(A x ，1)y ，2(B x ，2)y ，3(C x ，3)y ，4(D x ，4)y ，()G x y ,，设1:(1)l y k x =-，联立抛物线24y x =，可得2222(24)0k x k x k -++=，即有12242x x k +=+，12124()2y y k x x k k +=+-=， 由两直线垂直的条件，可将k 换为1k-，可得23424x x k +=+，344y y k +=-， 点G 满足4FG FA FB FC FD =+++，可得4(x ，1234)(4y x x x x =+++-，1234)y y y y +++，即为2123424444x x x x x k k =+++-=+①， 1234444y y y y y k k=+++=-+②， 联立①②式消元可得222211()22y k k x k k=-=+-=-，则G 的轨迹方程为22y x =- 【点睛】本题考查抛物线的定义、方程、性质，直线和抛物线的位置关系，判别式和韦达定理的具体运用，向量的坐标表示，运算及化简求值能力，属于中档题21．设各项均为整数的无穷数列{}n a 满足：11a =，且对所有*n ∈N ，1||n n a a n +-=均成立.（1）写出4a 的所有可能值（不需要写计算过程）；（2）若21{}n a -是公差为1的等差数列，求{}n a 的通项公式；（3）证明：存在满足条件的数列{}n a ，使得在该数列中，有无穷多项为2019.【答案】（1）5-，3-，1-，1，3，5，7；（2）1212122n n n k a n n k +⎧=-⎪⎪=⎨⎪-+=⎪⎩，*k ∈N ；（3）证明见解析.【解析】（1）通过列举法表示出所有可能值（2）分析可知21{}n a -表示的是原数列中的奇数项，求得奇数项的通项公式，再利用相邻两项差的绝对值的关系构造关系式解出偶数项，进而求得通项（3）可利用（2）中的数列，构造一个循环数列，则可证明循环数列中存在无穷多项为2019 【详解】（1）5-，3-，1-，1，3，5，7； （2）21{}n a -是公差为1的等差数列，∴数列{}n a 的所有奇数项为公差为1的等差数列， ∴当21n k =-时，12n n a +=当2n k =时，由1||n n a a n +-=可知：11||1||n n n n a a n a a n -+-=-⎧⎨-=⎩，即||122||2n n n a n n a n⎧-=-⎪⎪⎨+⎪-=⎪⎩ 解得：2122n n na -=-=，∴1212122n n n k a n n k +⎧=-⎪⎪=⎨⎪-+=⎪⎩；（3）由（2）可知存在一个数列{}n a 使得奇数项为从1开始的连续自然数，则易知40372019a =，然后自4037项开始，构造奇数项为公差为1-的等差数列，由（2）可知，当21n k =+，2018k …时，80752n na -= 当2n k =时，由1||n n a a n +-=可知11||1||n n n n a a n a a n -+-=-⎧⎨-=⎩即8076||128074||2n n n a n n a n -⎧-=-⎪⎪⎨-⎪-=⎪⎩，解得：80742n n a +=则当奇数项取至1时，重复第一段的数列，得到一个周期数列，在此周期数列中，存在无穷多项为2019，即可得证． 【点睛】本题考查数列递推公式的应用，数列通项公式的求法，构造数列法在循环数列中的应用，解题关键在于能通过（2）想到去构造一个循环数列，以此来解决出现无穷多项为2019的数出现的问题，试题（1）（2）偏向于基础考查，（3）的难度偏高。

2019年上海市控江中学高三三模数学试（含答案）（精校Word 版）2019.05一. 填空题1. 函数2log (2)y x =-的定义域为2. 设圆锥的底面半径为1，则该圆锥的侧面积为 3. 等差数列{}n a 中，31025a a +=，则其前12项之和12S 的值为 4. 幂函数k y x =的图像经过点1(4,)2，则它的单调减区间为5. 三角形ABC 中，45A =︒，75B =︒，AB边的长为，则BC 边的长为 6. 已知a 是实数，方程220x x a ++=的两根在复平面上对应的点分别为P 和Q ，若三角 形POQ 是等腰直角三角形，则a =7. 设实数x 、y 满足||||1x y +≤，则2x y +的最大值为8. 已知偶函数()y f x =的定义域为R ，且当0x ≥时，()4f x x =-，则不等式()5xf x ≤的 解为9. 等比数列{}n a 的首项为1，公比为3，则极限122311221limn n n n a a a a a a a a a +→∞-++⋅⋅⋅+++⋅⋅⋅+的值为10. 甲乙两人分别投掷两颗骰子与一颗骰子，设甲的两颗骰子的点数分别为a 与b ，乙的骰 子的点数为c ，则掷出的点数满足||a b c -=的概率为 （用最简分数表示）11. 已知a 是实数，在8(1)ax +的二项展开式中，第1k +项的系数为18k kk c C a+=⋅（0,1,2,3,,8k =⋅⋅⋅），若1239c c c c <<<⋅⋅⋅<，则a 的取值范围为 12. 设1238PP P P ⋅⋅⋅是平面直角坐标系中的一个正八边形，点i P 的坐标为(,)i i x y （1,2,,8i =⋅⋅⋅），集合{|A y =存在{1,2,,8}i ∈⋅⋅⋅，使得}i y y =，则集合A 的元素个数 可能为 （写出所有可能的值）二. 选择题13. 方程2sin(2)103x π+-=在区间[0,4)π上的解的个数为（ ）A. 2B. 4C. 6D. 814. 已知直线l 平行于平面α，平面β垂直于平面α，则以下关于直线l 与平面β的位置关系的表述，正确的是（ ）A. l 与β不平行B. l 与β不相交C. l 不在平面β上D. l 在β上，与β平行，与β相交都有可能15. 设三角形ABC 是位于平面直角坐标系xOy 的第一象限中的一个不等边三角形，该平面上的动点P 满足：222222||||||||||||PA PB PC OA OB OC ++=++，已知动点P 的轨迹是一个圆，则该圆的圆心位于三角形ABC 的（ ）A. 内心B. 外心C. 重心D. 垂心 16. 已知()y f x =与()y g x =皆是定义域、值域均为R 的函数，若对任意x ∈R ，()()f x g x >恒成立，且()y f x =与()y g x =的反函数1()y f x -=、1()y g x -=均存在，命题P ：“对任意x ∈R ，11()()f x g x --<恒成立”，命题Q ：“函数()()y f x g x =+的反函数一定存在”，以下关于这两个命题的真假判断，正确的是（ ） A. 命题P 真，命题Q 真 B. 命题P 真，命题Q 假 C. 命题P 假，命题Q 真 D. 命假P 假，命题Q 假三. 解答题17. 如图，空间几何体由两部分构成，上部是一个底面半径为1，高为2的圆锥，下部是一个底面半径为1，高为2的圆柱，圆锥和圆柱的轴在同一直线上，圆锥的下底面与圆柱的上底面重合，点P 是圆锥的顶点，AB 是圆柱下底面的一条直径，1AA 、1BB 是圆柱的两条母线，C 是弧AB 的中点.（1）求异面直线1PA 与BC 所成的角的大小； （2）求点1B 到平面PAC 的距离.18. 已知α、λ是实常数，cos sin()()sin()cos x x f x x xλαα-=+.（1）当1λ=，3πα=时，求函数()y f x =的最小正周期、单调增区间与最大值；（2）是否存在λ，使得()f x 是与α有关的常数函数（即()f x 的值与x 的取值无关）？若存在，求出所有满足条件的λ，若不存在，说明理由.19. 已知a 是实常数，0a >，21()1f x ax x =-+. （1）当2a =时，判断函数()y f x =在区间[1,)+∞上的单调性，并说明理由；（2）写出一个a 的值，使得()0f x =在区间(0,)+∞上有至少两个不同的解，并严格证明你的结论.20. 设抛物线Γ的方程为22y px =，其中常数0p >，F 是抛物线Γ的焦点. （1）若直线3x =被抛物线Γ所截得的弦长为6，求p 的值； （2）设A 是点F 关于顶点O 的对称点，P 是抛物线Γ上的动点，求||||PA PF 的最大值； （3）设2p =，1l 、2l 是两条互相垂直，且均经过点F 的直线，1l 与抛物线Γ交于点A 、B ，2l 与抛物线Γ交于点C 、D ，若点G 满足4FG FA FB FC FD =+++，求点G 的轨迹方程.21. 设各项均为整数的无穷数列{}n a 满足：11a =，且对所有*n ∈N ，1||n n a a n +-=均成立. （1）写出4a 的所有可能值（不需要写计算过程）；（2）若21{}n a -是公差为1的等差数列，求{}n a 的通项公式；（3）证明：存在满足条件的数列{}n a ，使得在该数列中，有无穷多项为2019.参考答案一. 填空题1. (2,)+∞2. 3π3. 1504. (0,)+∞5. 46. 27. 28. (,5]-∞9. 9410. 536 11. 8a > 12. 4或5或8二. 选择题13. D 14. D 15. C 16. D三. 解答题 17.（1）10；（2. 18.（1）T π=，单调递增区间是[,]2k k πππ-，k ∈Z ，最大值是74，当且仅当x k π=； （2）1λ=-.19.（1）单调递增；（2）略. 20.（1）32p =；（2（3）23y x =-. 21.（1）5-，3-，1-，1，3，5，7；（2）1212122n n n k a n n k +⎧=-⎪⎪=⎨⎪-+=⎪⎩，*k ∈N ；（3）略.。

2019-2020学年上海市控江高级中学高三生物三模试卷及答案解析一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。

1. 物质甲作为抑制剂能与蔗糖酶结合或分离，从而改变蔗糖酶的活性。

在适宜温度、pH等条件下，某同学将蔗糖酶和物质甲的混合液均分为若干份，分别加入到不同浓度的等量蔗糖溶液中，发现蔗糖的水解速率随蔗糖溶液浓度的升高而增大。

下列分析与该实验不相符的是（）A.蔗糖溶液浓度的升高能导致物质甲与蔗糖酶的分离B.物质甲与蔗糖酶的结合使酶降低活化能的能力降低C.物质甲与蔗糖酶的结合能改变酶的高效性和专一性D.反应体系中没有甲时，蔗糖溶液的浓度不会改变酶活性2. 苹果成熟过程中，赤霉素、乙烯、细胞分裂素等激素变化情况如图所示，下列分析中合理的是（）A.曲线A、B、C分别代表赤霉素、细胞分裂素和乙烯B.在果实生长发育的各阶段，生长素都起主要作用C.B在果实发有前两个阶段主要发挥了促进细胞分裂、分化和伸长的作用D.苹果树的生长发育也是图中四种植物激素共同调节的结果3. 假如将甲乙两个植物细胞分别放入蔗糖溶液和甘油溶液中，两种溶液的浓度均比细胞液的浓度高，在显微镜下连续观察，可以预测甲乙两细胞的变化是（）A.甲乙两细胞发生质壁分离后，不发生质壁分离复原B.甲乙两细胞都发生质壁分离，但乙细胞很快发生质壁分离复原C.只有乙细胞发生质壁分离，但不会发生质壁分离复原D.甲乙两细胞发生质壁分离，随后都很快发生质壁分离复原4. 李斯特氏菌的致死食源性细菌会在人类的细胞之间快速传递，使人患脑膜炎。

其原因是该菌的一种InlC 的蛋白可通过阻碍人类细胞中的Tuba蛋白的活性，使细胞膜更易变形而有利于细菌的转移，下列叙述正确的是（）A. 与人类一样，该菌的遗传物质主要是DNAB. 该菌进入人体细胞的方式是需要消耗能量的胞吞作用C. 该菌使人类细胞发生变形，说明细胞膜具有选择透过性D.Tuba蛋白和InlC蛋白的合成均需要内质网的加工5. 间充质干细胞（MSC）是干细胞的一种，因能分化为间质组织而得名，具有亚全能分化潜能，在特定的条件下，能够诱导分化成为多种组织细胞。

上海市控江中学2019年高三数学文模拟试卷含解析一、选择题：本大题共10小题，每小题5分，共50分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有是一个符合题目要求的1. 执行如图所示的程序框图，如果输入的是，输出的结果是7，则判断框中的“”应填入（）A．B． C. D．参考答案：C由题意可得，若输出结果为，则该流程图的功能是：计算的值，裂项求和可得：，输出结果为，则最后求得的，结合选项可知判断框中的“”应填入.本题选择C选项.2. 已知点是双曲线右支上一点，、分别是双曲线的左、右焦点，为△的内心，若成立，则双曲线的离心率是A． B． C．D．参考答案：C略3. 一个四棱锥的底面为正方形，其三视图如图所示，则这个四棱锥的体积是（）A．1 B．2 C．3 D．4参考答案：B【考点】L!：由三视图求面积、体积．【分析】由三视图及题设条件知，此几何体为一个四棱锥，其较长的侧棱长已知，底面是一个正方形，对角线长度已知，故先求出底面积，再求出此四棱锥的高，由体积公式求解其体积即可【解答】解：由题设及图知，此几何体为一个四棱锥，其底面为一个对角线长为2的正方形，故其底面积为=2由三视图知其中一个侧棱为棱锥的高，其相对的侧棱与高及底面正方形的对角线组成一个直角三角形由于此侧棱长为，对角线长为2，故棱锥的高为=3此棱锥的体积为=2故选B．【点评】本题考点是由三视图求几何体的面积、体积，考查对三视图的理解与应用，主要考查三视图与实物图之间的关系，用三视图中的数据还原出实物图的数据，再根据相关的公式求表面积与体积，本题求的是四棱锥的体积，其公式为×底面积×高．三视图的投影规则是：“主视、俯视长对正；主视、左视高平齐，左视、俯视宽相等”，三视图是新课标的新增内容，在以后的高考中有加强的可能．4. 已知函数，若，则函数的零点个数是( )(A)．4 (B) ．3 (C) ．2(D) ．1参考答案：A略5. 若复数z满足，则复数z为（）A．B．C．D．参考答案：D6. 等差数列{}的各项都是负数，且，那么的值为A.10B.-10C.-15D.-30参考答案：B略7. 若a、b∈R，则“a＜b＜0”是“a2＞b2”的（）A．充分不必要条件B．必要不充分条件C．充要条件D．既不充分也不必要条件参考答案：A【考点】必要条件、充分条件与充要条件的判断；不等式的基本性质．【分析】利用不等式的性质判断出“a＜b＜0”则有“a2＞b2”，通过举反例得到“a2＞b2”成立推不出“a＜b＜0”成立，利用充要条件的有关定义得到结论．【解答】解：若“a＜b＜0”则有“a2＞b2”反之则不成立，例如a=﹣2，b=1满足“a2＞b2”但不满足“a＜b＜0”∴“a＜b＜0”是“a2＞b2”的充分不必要条件，故选A．8. 函数的部分图像如图1所示，则=（）A．4 B．6C．1 D．2参考答案：B9. 如果一个几何体的三视图如图所示（长度单位：cm），则此几何体的体积是(A) (B) (C) (D)参考答案：B略10. 在某条件下的汽车测试中，驾驶员在一次加满油后的连续行驶过程中从汽车仪表盘得到如下信息：注：油耗=加满油后已用油量加满油后已行驶距离，可继续行驶距离=汽车剩余油量当前油耗，平均油耗=指定时间内的用油量指定时间内的行驶距离．从上述信息可以推断在10：00﹣11：00这1小时内( )①行使了80公里；②行使不足80公里；③平均油耗超过9.6升/100公里；④平均油耗恰为9.6升/100公里；⑤平均车速超过80公里/小时．( )A．①④B．②③C．②④D．③⑤参考答案：【考点】进行简单的合情推理；变化的快慢与变化率．【专题】应用题．【分析】根据油耗=，可继续行驶距离=，平均油耗=．可以算出实际用油为7.38．行驶距离为，和平均油耗和平均车速．【解答】解：实际用油为9.5×300﹣9.6×220=7.38．行驶距离，所以①错误，②正确．设L为已用油量，△L为一个小时内的用油量，S为已行驶距离，△S为一个小时内已行的距离，得L+△L=9.6S+9.6△S，9.5S+△L=9.6S+9.6△S，△L=0.1S+9.6△S，∴．所以③正确，④错误；因为行驶的时间为1小时，由②知平均车速不超过80公里/小时，故⑤错误．故选B．【点评】本小题主要考查变化的快慢与变化率、进行简单的合情推理等基础知识，考查学生的阅读能力和代入公式的计算能力．属于基础题．二、填空题:本大题共7小题,每小题4分,共28分11. 三棱锥S－ABC及其三视图中的正视图和侧视图如图所示，则棱SB的长为_____。

2019-2020学年上海市控江高级中学高三英语三模试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIt's just before l pm and hungry guests are starting to emerge out onto the wooden floor at the back of the Victoria Falls Safari Lodge in Zimbabwe. A few have already settled in for lunch, drinking beer and enjoying their sandwiches and salads in the sunshine. It's a normal setting until you look up. Overhead, the sky is filled with several hundred vultures (秃鹭).They too have arrived for their midday snack. Every day the team at this hotel places last night's leftover meat out for the vultures to eat. They call it the "Vulture Restaurant" and it's a vital part of protecting these birds, who have become some of the most endangered species in Africa.In Zimbabwe, where illegal hunting of elephants and rhinos is a major issue, poisoning poses a significant threat to the birds. "In recent years hunters have realized they can use poison to kill animals. It's effective because it's silent and therefore doesn't attract much attention.when the vultures eat the bodies of the dead animals they die too," says Roger Parry, Wildlife Manager at the Victoria Falls Wildlife Trust.The Vulture Restaurant initiative is part feeding programme, part education programme. By attracting the birds to the Vulture Restaurant every day the team can ensure they're regularly getting a safe meal, and while the birds are there they can educate tourists from all over the world about these creatures.“Lunch” is served by Moses Garira. He has the unenviable task of wandering out into the middle of the clearing with a box full of meat, dropping the contents onto the ground and running for his life as the vultures fly downward suddenly for their food. No one, surely, would volunteer for this role, but Garira rather enjoys it. Back in the safety of the viewing seats, he tells the onlookers about the importance of vultures. "They're hugely important in terms of their role of cleaning up the bodies of dead animals," says Garira. "Notably, they're safely able to digest bacteria like anthrax. Without vultures, there'd be a lot more disease in the world."1. What's the biggest threat vultures facing in Zimbabwe?A. Overhunting.B. Unsafe food.C. Loss of habitat.D. A bird disease.2. What would others think of Garira's job?A. Scary.B. Relaxing.C. Well-paid.D. Time-consuming3. What do Garira's words mean?A. Birds are human's best friends.B. People know little about vultures.C. Vultures are environmentally favorable.D. Vultures are in urgentneed of protection.BA team of researchers from several institutions in the UK and one in Estonia has created a type of buoy（浮标）that has proven to be effective at frightening seabirds, thus preventing them from getting caught in gillnets—a type of vertical fishing net that is made of a material that makes it nearly invisible underwater.Every year, hundreds of thousands of seabirds die when they get caught in gillnets. Some estimates suggest that up to a half-million birds are caught in them each year. Over the years, researchers have created devices（装置）to prevent the birds from trying to catch fish near or in gillnets, but those didn't work well.To find a way that would work for all seabirds, the researchers first studied seabirds in a general sense, looking to find things that they would avoid. They noted that seabirds avoided eye contact with other creatures. Then the researchers came up with a simple idea—they put a small pole to a regular buoy and then attached a pair of googly eyes（金鱼眼）to the top of it. They made the eyes big enough so that even birds with poor eyesight, such as geese, would see them. Adding to the effectiveness of the device, waves made the eyes move back and forth. And the wind made the buoy spin very slowly, making sure that birds from every direction would get a good look at the eyes.To test their idea, the researchers selected several sites near gillnets and counted how many birds approached and how many attempted to catch fish near the nets. They then set up their googly-eyed buoys and once again counted birds. Over the course of 62 days, they found the number of birds that tried to catch fish near the gillnets dropped by approximately 25% for a distance of up to 50 meters. They also found that the birds were less likely to fish near where the buoys had been for up to three weeks after they had been removed.4. What is the function of paragraph 2?A. Introducing a new topic to discuss.B. Providing background information.C. Summarizing the previous paragraph.D. Pointing out the main idea of the text.5. Why did the researchers make the googly eyes big?A. To ensure all the seabirds can see them.B. To clearly observe seabirds' eye contact.C. To allow them to survive the strong wind.D. To effectively identify the right direction.6. What does the researchers' test result mainly suggest?A. The new device still needs improvingB. Gillnets are a death valley for seabirds.C. Seabirds hardly catch fish near the nets.D. The googly-eyed buoy proves effective.7. What is the text mainly about?A. A group of researchers interested in seabirds.B. A way to help seabirds catch fish effectively.C. A device keeping seabirds safe from gillnets.D. A googly-eyed buoy guiding seabirds to hunt.CInAsia, there are special competitions where kites have complex designs and are fitted with instruments that make musical sounds as the wind blows through them. Although all kites have a similar structure (结构), they are widely different in size and shape. Kite-fighting competitions are also held, in which competitors use their kites to attack and bring down their opponents’ (对手) kites or cut their strings (线).For more than 15 years, the Big Wind Kite Factory has been giving kite-making and kite-flying classes for the children on an island inHawaii. In its kite-making lessons, students can make kites in as little as 20 minutes! Children as young as four years old can learn how to fly a kite. Jonathan Socher and his wife Daphne started the kite factory in 1980. Their kites are made of nylon (尼龙). Their designs are Hawaiian themes created by Daphne. The designs are cut out of the nylon with a hot knife that seals the edges and then fastened directly onto the kite. The kite that is used to give lessons is a regular diamond kite with a rainbow pattern. The difference between this kite and the ones they make during the lessons is that it is a two-string controllable kite. Big Wind employees fly the kite and for a few minutes show students how pulling on one line and then on the other controls the direction the kite goes in. Then the controls are given to the students.Jonathan insists that it is not necessary to make a huge impressive kite to have fun making and flying kites. Even the simplest structure can work, and can give hours of fun. Go on, give it a try!8. Which of the following is true according to the text?A. A hot knife is used to iron the nylon.B. Children never fly kites on their own in flying lessons.C. Kite strings must not be cut in kite-fighting competitions.D. Daphne designs kites for the Big Wind Kite Factory.9. What is different about the kite used for flying lessons?A. It has two strings.B. It is simple in design.C. It has a rainbow pattern.D. It is shaped like a diamond.10. According to Jonathan,what do you need to have fun with kites?A. A large kite.B. Any type of kite.C. A complex structure.D. A kite that impresses others.11. What is mainly described in the text?A. A kite factory.B. Kite-flying lessons.C. Special competitions.D. The kite-making process.DLast summer, Maria and her mother moved from their house in the countryside to a flat building in Chicago. Maria really liked some things about the city, but she missed her house and yard in the countryside.One day, Maria was in her flat building when she noticed her neighbor, Mrs. Garcia, carrying a gardening tool and a bag of soil. Maria wondered how Mrs. Garcia was able to garden in the city.“My mom used to grow the most delicious vegetables, and I know she misses her garden now that we don’t have a yard,” said Maria.Mrs. Garcia laughed. “I’ll show you,” she said.Maria thought that Mrs. Garcia would take her to the park, but she took her to the roof. When the door opened, Maria was surprised to see rows of flowers and vegetables on the roof.“What a wonderful garden!” said Maria.Mrs. Garcia told Maria that for a long time the roof was just an empty space. Then some of the people in the building asked the owners to turn it into a community garden. The building owners liked the idea because the plants not only helped to keep the air clean, but they also helped to keep the building cooler during warmer weather.“I plant flowers in my own place,” Mrs. Garcia said, “but you would be surprised by how different the plants are up here. Some people grow vegetables just like your mom. You can do some of the same things in the city as in the countryside. You just have to be creative!”12. Where did Mrs. Garcia take Maria to one day?A. The park.B. The roof.C. The garden in front of her house.D. The countryside.13. Which of the following is NOT the good side of the community garden?A. It made the building stronger.B. It helped keep the air clean.C. It helped keep the building cooler.D. It used the empty space well.14. After Maria visited the garden, she would most probably ask her mom to ________.A. go back to the countrysideB. pick flowers from the gardenC show her around the park D. grow vegetables on the roof15. What is the best title for this passage?A. A Creative LadyB. An Empty RoofC. A Rooftop GardenD. A Special Building第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年上海市控江中学高三生物三模试卷及答案一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。

1. 下列关于生物体内化合物的叙述，正确的是A.细胞中的水主要是结合水，是细胞结构的重要组成成分B.生物体内的糖类绝大多数以二糖的形式存在C.等质量的脂肪分子中氢元素的含量多于糖类D.糖原和脂肪分别是动物和植物的主要储能物质2. 下列有关遗传和育种的叙述，正确的是A．杂交育种都要通过杂交、选择、纯合化等手段培养出新品种B．基因工程育种的原理是基因突变C．多倍体育种中使用秋水仙素处理二倍体西瓜的幼苗，得到的植株是嵌合体而不是四倍体D．单倍体育种的后代都是单倍体3. 如图为某家族甲病（A/a）和乙病（B/b）的部分遗传系谱图，两对基因遵循自由组合定律。

已知Ⅰ1不携带乙病致病基因，该家族所在地区人群中大约每6400人中有1个甲病患者。

不考虑基因突变，下列叙述正确的是（）A.Ⅰ1需经基因诊断才能确定是否携带甲病基因B.Ⅰ2与Ⅰ2基因型相同的概率为1/3C.Ⅰ2和Ⅰ3生出一个患甲病男孩的概率为1/243D.若Ⅰ1基因型为X b X b Y，则是Ⅰ2减数第一次分裂异常所致4. 细胞是绝大多数生物体结构和功能的基本单位。

下列说法错误的是（）A.除病毒外，所有的生物体都是由细胞构成的B.细胞的生长过程中都能进行遗传信息的表达C.原核细胞无线粒体和叶绿体，其DNA只位于拟核中D.通过观察沙眼衣原体的细胞结构可断定其是原核生物5. 丙肝病毒(HCV)是一种+RNA病毒，即以注入宿主细胞的病毒RNA为模板直接翻译出蛋白质。

用于治疗丙肝的新药索非布韦是一种尿嘧啶类似物，能够抑制依赖RNA的RNA聚合酶(NS5B)合成病毒RNA。

根据以上材料，下列说法不正确的是（）A.人体中含有能识别HCV的受体蛋白基因并在肝细胞中可以表达B.若HCV的+RNA含有m个胞嘧啶，则获得子代病毒内的RNA至少需要m个鸟嘌呤C.NS5B可能无法区分参与到病毒RNA合成过程中的索非布韦与尿嘧啶D.病毒RNA在宿主细胞中能合成自身的蛋白质依赖于密码子的通用性6. 秀丽隐杆线虫（2n=12）有雌雄同体和雄性两种性别个体。

2019-2020学年上海市控江高级中学高三生物三模试卷及答案一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。

1. 下列与光合作用和呼吸作用相关的说法，错误的是（）A.能进行光合作用的细胞一定能进行呼吸作用B.只有绿色部位才能进行光合作用和呼吸作用C.光合作用过程中产生的还原氢和呼吸作用过程中产生的还原氢不同D.光合作用和有氧呼吸过程中均需要H2O的参与2. 下列有关神经系统对内脏活动的分级调节的叙述，错误的是（）A.脊髓是调节内脏活动的低级中枢，通过它可以完成简单的内脏反射活动B.脑干含有许多重要的调节内脏活动的基本中枢，如调节呼吸运动的中枢、调节心血管活动的中枢C.下丘脑是调节内脏活动的较高级中枢，使内脏活动和其他生理活动相联系，以调节体温、水平衡、摄食等主要生理过程D.大脑皮层是许多低级中枢活动的高级调节者，对各级中枢的活动起调整作用，但不能对自主神经系统发挥作用3. 下列关于人体各级神经中枢及人脑高级功能的描述，错误的是（）A. 饮酒过量的人语无伦次，其大脑皮层言语区的S区受损B. 短期记忆主要与神经元活动及神经元之间的联系有关C. 成年人可以有意识地憋尿，能体现神经系统的分级调节D. 考试专心答题时，需要大脑皮层言语区的V区、W区参与4. 下列有关人类对遗传物质探索历程的叙述正确的是（）A. 格里菲思的体内转化实验证明了DNA是遗传物质B. 艾弗里的体外转化实验采用了物质提纯、鉴定与细菌体外培养等技术C. 赫尔希和蔡斯的实验证明了DNA是生物界中主要的遗传物质D. 烟草花叶病毒侵染烟草的实验证明了蛋白质和RNA是遗传物质5. 下列有关核酸和蛋白质的叙述，错误的是（）A.核酸携带的遗传信息储存于核苷酸的排列顺序中B.核酸和蛋白质都是生物大分子，都以碳链为基本骨架C.组成蛋白质的各种氨基酸中均至少含有一个氨基和一个羧基D.真核细胞的RNA主要分布于细胞核，少量分布于线粒体和叶绿体6. 如图为某反射弧的部分结构示意图，虚线内代表神经中枢，下列叙述正确的是()A.a端与效应器相连接，b端与感受器相连B.c处的液体是组织液，其理化性质的改变会影响兴奋的传递C. 在d、e点之间连接了灵敏电流计，刺激F点和G点都能使电流计发生相同的偏转D. 把某药物放在c处，刺激e点，d处无电位变化，说明该药物能阻断神经元之间的兴奋传递7. 三刺鱼根据栖息环境可分为湖泊型和溪流型(如图所示)。

2019-2020学年上海控江中学附属民办学校高三英语三模试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AYou have to praise the smoothness（顺畅）of ants on the move. No matter how many of them are going toward a place, there's never a hold-up. A new research paper shows how ants keep traffic flowing by changing their behavior to meet changing conditions.For their experiments, researchers from the University of Toulouse focused on Argentine ants, animals that often move from colony（群落）to colony depending on where the food is. Making use of Argentine ants' talent for fast travel, the researchers built bridges connecting their colonies. The bridges were different in width from a fifth to three-quarters of an inch. The colonies, too, were of different sizes, ranging from 400 to more than 25,000 ants.Then the researchers sat back andmonitoredthe traffic. To their surprise, even when those narrower bridges were full of ants, there were no "traffic accidents". "When the number of ants on the bridge increased, ants seemed to be able to understand the situation and adjusted（调整）their speed accordingly to avoid making the traffic flow stop. "the authors note. "Moreover, ants avoided entering a busy road and made sure that the bridge was never too packed to cross.”The lesson for humans? The traffic problem may lie in our inability to adjust our driving habits for the good of the whole. Driving is fun when there are few cars on the road. Then the traffic moves very slowly. And yet, some impatient driver still acts like he's alone on the road.The research suggests that projects, like the ever-widening of highways, may never free us from traffic jams. As long as we drive along with our own habits, no matter how many other people are on the road, we'll always end up in a traffic jam. Indeed, less space may actually be a good thing. It leaves less room for individual choice and forces us to take a page from the driving book of ants.1. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?A. The results of the experiments.B. The purpose of the experimentsC. The preparation of the experiments.D. The requirements of the experiments2. What does the underlined word "monitor" in paragraph 3 probably mean?A. watch and check.B. seek and improveC. design and planD. discuss and practise3. What is the best title for the text?A. Is widening highways a solution?B. Why don't ants need traffic lights?C. Can we learn safe driving from ants?D. What can ants teach us about traffic jams?BMost kids can walk into a library or bookstore and find hundreds of books to read. But it’s not that simple for kids who are blind. They read in a different way. Jenny Lee and other braille (盲文) transcribers take the printed words of a book and change them into a code of raised dots. Blind people can read these dots with their fingers. To know what braille feels like, take a ballpoint pen and press hard onto a piece of paper. Now turn the paper over and touch the raised dot made by the pen point.When Lee first saw the dots of the braille alphabet, she wondered if she’d ever be able to read and write them easily. She took a class and practised hard for about six months before she passed the final exam: she had to convert 35 pages of a book into braille. Today, Lee works for a publisher. One of her jobs is to change children’s books into braille.To do this, Lee first types the story into a computer and then uses a computer program to translate it into the braille code. Next, she looks over the translation several times to make sure it’s mistake-free. After that, a copy of the braille story is printed with a special printer. Then Lee and a proofreader work together to find and correct any mistakes. When a book is ready, many copies of it are printed. Afterwards, some are sold through websites and others are sent to libraries.Sometimes, going over a story again and again gets tiring. That’s when Lee takes a break. Several of Jenny Lee’s co-workers, who are blind, use guide dogs. When the animals aren’t working, Lee likes spending a few minutes with them. To her, playing with dogs “is always apick-me-upin the middle of the day”.“I love this mission,” Lee says. “Through my brain power and my fingers, I am putting the dots into some kid’s hands.”4. How does the writer explain what braille feels like?A. By explaining what braille words look like.B. By describing how blind people read books.C. By asking readers to experience it themselves.D. By giving examples of different braille words.5. What was Lee’s first reaction to braille?A. She was excited to get a new skill.B. She was amazed at the clever idea.C. She realized she could teach it herself.D. She believed it would be difficult to learn.6. What does the underlined word “pick-me-up” in paragraph 4 most probably mean?A A discussion to release work stress.B. Something to improve one’s appetite.C. Something to help restore one’s spirit.D. A free ride accompanied with a guide dog.7. What does Lee think of her job?A. Profitable and hopeful.B. Tiring but meaningful.C. Relaxing and helpful.D. Boring but challenging.CIf you have ever tried to catch a resting butterfly, you know it is surprisingly difficult. A new study helps explain why.Previous research had suggested that a butterfly's overhead wing clap forces the insect forward. Researchers thought the wing clap likely formed a pocket of air that shoots out like a jet, but no one had tested that until now.To understand their flight, they placed six butterflies one at a time inside a wind tunnel which was filled with smoke and then used a laser to light up the smoke just behind the butterfly. Four high-speed cameras were placed in the tunnel to take photos of the movement of the butterfly and the-smoke as the butterfly was taking off. This let the researchers create a 3D picture of that air movement as the insect flapped its wings.They observed a total of 25 takeoffs by six butterflies. Each included up to three wing beats after takeoff.The butterflies proved more likely to clap their wings together during the first few wing beats than later in flight.The photos show that forces created by the wings give rise to a flight path. The butterflies rise as their wings move down and shoot forward as their wings move up. A wing clap on takeoff, paired with a quick tum, allowed the butterflies to fly away quickly. They also noticed the wings formed an air pocket just before clapping and that the wings' flexibility and this pocket improved the jet force created by the clap.“The study is exciting,” says Ayodeji Bode-Oke, a mechanical engineer in Charlottesville. That means “we have solved the longtime puzzle about how butterflies fly, and it proves nothing is impossible on the road of scientificresearch. I can't wait to learn about how the study might inform designs for small aerial vehicles.”8. Why was laser used in the experiment?A. To frighten the butterflies into lying.B. To help researchers observe the butterflies.C. To help take clear photos of air movement.D. To guide the butterflies through the smoke.9. What is the finding of the research-according to paragraph 5?A. Butterflies fly forward as wings move down.B. An air pocket forms after butterflies clap wings.C. Butterflies beat wings three times before taking off.D. Upward wing movements help butterflies fly forward.10. According to the writer, the finding of the research can be used for .A. helping catch a resting butterfly more easilyB. helping do research on other butterfly-like insectsC. helping provide inspiration for making small flying vehiclesD. helping widen the applications of small flying vehicle11. What can be the best title for the text?A. Why Can Butterflies Fly Like a Jet?B. How Can Butterflies Make Wing Claps?C. How Can Butterflies Make Quick Tums?D. Why Can Butterflies Run Away Quickly?DFor years video games have been criticised for making people more antisocial, overweight or depressed. Bui now researchers are finding that video games can actually change us for the better and improve both our body and mind.Games can help to develop physical skills. Pre-school children who played interactive games have been shown to have improved motor skills, for example they can kick, catch and throw a ball better than children who don’t play video games. A study found that those who played video games were 27 percent faster and made 37 percent fewer errors than those who didn't.Games also benefit a variety of brain functions, including decision-making. People who play action-basedgames make decisions 25 percent faster than others, according to one study. It was also found that the best gamers can make choices and act on them up to six times a second, four times faster than most people. In another study by researchers from the University of Rochester in New York, experienced gamers were shown to be able to pay attention to more than six things at once without getting confused, compared with the four that most people can normally keep in mind.There is also evidence that gaming can help with psychological problems. At the University of Auckland in New Zealand, researchers asked 94 young people diagnosed with depression to play a 3D fantasy game called SPARX and in many cases, the game reduced symptoms of depression more than conventional treatment.12. In what way playing video games benefits very young children?A. Muscle control.B. Social interaction.C. Decision-making.D. The ability to focus.13. Which type of video game improves the decision-making speed?A. Interactive games.B. Action-based games.C. 3D fantasy games.D. Violent games.14. What is the authors attitude to video games?A. Indifferent.B. Objective.C. Worried.D. Critical.15. What is the text mainly about?A. The effects of different types of video games.B. The negative effects of playing video games.C. The beneficial effects of playing video games.D. The effects of games on people's behavior.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年上海市控江中学高三英语第三次联考试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AFor some people, there’s no better companion than mans best friend-a dog. This four-legged pet can bring comfort and joy and provide much- needed exercise for you when it needs walkies! This probably explains why dog ownership increased last year because people spent more time at home during he CovID-I9 lockdown.However, as demand for a new dog increased, so did the price tag. Popular breeds, such as Cockapoos and Cocker Spaniels, saw even sharper price increases, and puppies have been selling for $3,000 or more.Animal welfare charities fearthat high prices could encourage puppy farming, smuggling (走私) or dog theft. An investigation found some breeders have been selling puppies and kittens on social media sites--something charities have called “extremely irresponsible”.But despite some new owners purchasing a dog legally, maybe from a rescue center or registered breeder, they’ve proved to be ill-prepared for life with a new pet, and the pet itself has found it hard tocome to terms withlife in a new home.Looking to the future, there are concerns about the welfare of these much-loved pets. Lan Alkin manager of the Oxfordshire Animal Sanct uary in the UK, notes: “At the moment, the dogs are having a great time, but separation anxiety could still surface when people go back to work.” And Cliare Calder from the UKs Dogs Trust rescue charity says, “The economic situation also means that some people may find they can’t afford to look aftera dog.” The message is not to buy a dog in haste and to pick one that fits into our lifestyle.1. The greater demand for dogs can cause the following problems except ________.A. illegal trade of dogsB. less dog farmingC. high prices of dogsD. online sale of dogs2. What does the underlined phrase"come to terms with"in paragraph 4 mean?A. Fit in withB. Go in forC. Make up for.D. End up with3. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. Despite the problems, dogs are living happily.B. The writer has a positive attitude towards dogs future.C. Experts are worried that dogs will be unaffordable to people.D. The writer advises people to think twice before keeping dogs as pets.BWhen I was young, my mother didn't have the money to send me to school, but she thought it was important for me to keep up with education.So she decided to teach me extra lessons herself.But because she had to go to work, the only time she could do it was at 4：30 inthe morning.We needevery one of you to develop your talents and your skills so that you can help us old folks solve our most difficult problems. If you quit on school—you're not just quitting on yourself, but you're quitting on your country. No one's written your destiny(命运)for you, because you write your own destiny. You make your own future.That's why today I'm calling on each of you to set your own goals for your education and do everything you can to meet them.Your goal can be something as simple as doing all your homework, paying attention in class, or spending some time reading a book.But whatever you decide to do, I want you to commit to it.I want you to really work at it.I know that sometimes you get that sense from TV that you can be rich and successful without any hard work—that your ticket to success is through rapping or basketball or being a reality TV star.No one's born being good at all things. You become good at things through hard work.You're not a good athlete the first time you play a new sport.You don't hit every note the first time you sing a song.You've got to practise.4. What can we learn from the first paragraph？A. The writer's home was very rich.B. The writer's mother was a teacher.C. The writer was born in a poor family.D. The writer didn't like reading books.5. What does the writer want everyone to do by improving their talents and skills？A. To quit on their country to earn more money.B. To help solve the most difficult problems.C. To write their own new destiny by working as a TV star.D. To spend some time writing books about their own life.6. Why does the writer call on everyone to set his/her own goal？A. Because everyone's future is determined by themselves.B. Because eyeryone's future is to do simple work.C. Because everyone should do their homework.D. Because everyone should pay attention in class.7. How can people realise their great dreams？A. By rapping.B. By playing basketball.C. By being a reality star.D. By working hard.CThe annual 3-to-4-millimeter rise in sea levels is expected to impact many coastal communities in the coming decades. However, few are as defenceless as the Republic of theMaldives, a collection of more than a thousand picturesque islands in theIndian Ocean. NASA researchers believe that parts of what is “arguably the lowest-lying country in the world” will become uninhabitable by 2050, due to wave-driven flooding and limited freshwater. To fight the unavoidable, the government recently revealed plans for the world's first 'true' floating island city.The aptly-named Maldives Floating City (MFC) is the brainchild of Dutch Docklands, a global leader in floating infrastructure (基建). According to the March 13, 2021, announcement, the new city will be constructed on a 200-hectare lagoon (环礁湖) located just 10 minutes by boat from the Maldivian capital, Male. It will initially consist of a thousand waterfront residences, arranged in a series of honeycomb-like maze rows. The developers plan to add hotels, restaurants, shops, and even a school and a hospital in the near future. The floating structures. will be attached to the surrounding islands, which will form a base and provide protection from high tides.Maldive officials aim to make MFC as self-sufficient as possible. Freshwater storage will provide drinking water for residents, while floating solar blankets and agriculture fields will take care of their energy and food needs.“ThisMaldivesFloatingCitydoes not require any land rehabilitation, therefore has a minimal impact on the coral reefs,” explains Mohamed Nasheed, Speaker of Parliament. “What's more, giant, new reefs will be grown to act as water breakers. In theMaldives,we cannot stop the waves, but we can rise with them.”Construction of the revolutionary city is expected to begin in 2022 and be completed in phases over the next five years. If successful, it will provide a blueprint for other countries facing a similar situation.8. Why doesMaldivesdecide to build MFC?A. It is the lowest-lying country.B. It will be flooded soon.C. It is running out of fresh water.D. It will be unsuitable for living.9. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?A. The prospect of MFC.B. The developers of the plan.C. The location of the residences.D. The barriers to the construction.10. What can we infer from the underlined words?A. MFC will keep waves away.B. MFC will make use of waves.C. MFC will adjust to the waves.D. MFC will work as water breakers.11. What's the writing purpose of this passage?A. To introduce a construction program.B. To appeal to people to protect nature.C. To seek international help forMaldives.D. To report the achievement of a city plan,DPhotographer Rebecca Douglas has always been fascinated by the night sky. Her love for stars has taken theU.K.resident on “star walking” trips toIcelandand into theArctic, where she steps out onto darkened trails to capture twinkling stars and glowing planets in her images.Hiking at night isn’t uncommon. Plenty of people hike after dark to get to campsites or watch the sunrise from a mountaintop. Star walking goes a step further by blending hiking with stargazing. Rather than heading to an observatory or setting up a telescope in your backyard,star walking takes you on a brief journey to look at the stars from different viewpoints.Whether you’re in the mountainside or by the lake with stars reflecting on the water, star walking is often much more dynamic than traditional stargazing.What’s more, star walking is good for you. There are plenty of studies that show the health benefits of being in nature. Spending at least two hours a week outdoors, particularly while engaging in what involves “effortless attention”, can decrease blood pressure, heart rate, and stress levels.So how does an aspiring star walker get started? It doesn’t take much more than a sturdy pair of boots.While telescopes and binoculars obviously have their uses, people are encouraged to start with naked-eye stargazing. Using only the eyes allows one to get lost in the infinite expanse of space and lets the mind go.It is advised that one read up on the night sky before heading out. Free mobile apps, such as Star Walk 2, can help identify celestial bodies（天体）and are easy to use—simply point your phone at the sky to reveal a map. Websites like Sky & Telescope and NASA’s Space Place cover the basics, have in-depth explanations on stars, and offer advice on equipment. Space Place posts monthly skywatching updates, so you can plan outings around events such as meteor showers.In the United States, national parks are great options for inexperienced night hikers. Many offer guided outings that explain the importance of protecting night skies. Those with a good number of walks under their belt may want to try GlacierNational Park in Montana.If national parks and other dark-sky designated areas are out of range, check local astronomy clubs and observatories for guided sessions. Sites like the International Astronomical Union are useful for finding resources by area.At the end of the day, the best advice is to take it slow and enjoy the journey.“With all of the chaos（混乱）that’s happening around us, the one constant has been the night sky,” explains Douglas, who hasbeen exploring popular places nearby, long after the crowds have gone home for the day. “Walking is quite a mindful way of looking up and being reminded that, although everything feels so different, some things are still the same.”12. According to the passage, star walking refers to ________.A. going to an observatoryB. looking at stars in mountainsC. combining hiking and stargazingD. setting up a telescope in the backyard13. One of the reasons why people go on a star walking is that _______.A. it’s easier to identify celestial bodiesB. it is good for physical and mental healthC. they can enjoy the journey without crowdsD. they can raise awareness of protecting night skies14. According to the passage, a star walking beginner is advised to _______.A. prepare a pair of strong bootsB. start by observing with telescopesC. join an astronomy club or an observatoryD. find guided outings with the help of mobile apps15. The main purpose of the passage is to ________.A. excite people’s interest in star walkingB. recommend some places for star walkingC. explain the health benefits of star walkingD. introduce the preparations for star walking第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年上海市控江高级中学高三生物第三次联考试卷及答案解析一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。

1. 食物中的蛋白质经过多种消化酶分解成氨基酸才能被吸收，这些氨基酸进入人体细胞后，重新合成多种蛋白质。

下列叙述错误的是（）A.蛋白质分解成氨基酸的过程中，水中的H元素只参与形成氨基B.氨基酸合成蛋白质需经过多肽的合成、肽链的盘曲折叠、肽链构成更复杂的空间结构等层次C.经常食用奶制品、肉类、蛋类和大豆制品，人体一般不会缺少必需氨基酸D.煮熟后食物中的蛋白质更易消化吸收，是因为高温破坏了蛋白质的空间结构2. 某生物兴趣小组观察了几种生物不同分裂时期的细胞,并根据观察结果绘出如下图形。

下列与图形有关的说法中正确的是（）A.甲图所示细胞处于减数第一次分裂后期,在此时期之前细胞中央出现了赤道板结构B.乙图所示细胞可能处于减数第一次分裂后期,此阶段发生同源染色体的分离C.乙图所示细胞可能处于有丝分裂中期,此阶段染色体着丝点发生分裂D.如果丙图表示精巢内的几种细胞,则C组细胞可发生联会并产生四分体3. 下列关于酶的叙述中，错误的是（）A.酶在细胞外也可以发挥催化作用B.某些化合物会影响酶的作用C.酶是由细胞中的核糖体合成的D.酶与底物结合时形状发生改变4. 幽门螺旋杆菌主要寄生于胃中，是引起很多消化道疾病的首要致病细菌。

体检时可通过13C尿素呼气试验来检测幽门螺旋杆菌感染情况。

受试者口服13C标记的尿素胶囊后，尿素可被幽门螺旋杆菌产生的脲酶催化分解为NH3和13CO2，定时收集受试者吹出的气体并测定其中是否含有13CO2。

根据以上信息，下列叙述中正确的是（）A.幽门螺旋杆菌的细胞膜具有双层磷脂分子，但其不具有流动性B.幽门螺旋杆菌感染者吹出气体中的CO2是其细胞有氧呼吸产生的C.检测13CO2的放射性可用溴麝香草酚蓝水溶液在高倍镜下镜检分析D.幽门螺旋杆菌产生的脲酶在pH值小于7的条件下依然能发挥作用5. 如图是细胞核模式图，①～①表示细胞核的各种结构。

2019-2020学年上海市控江高级中学高三英语第三次联考试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABritain's brilliant bridges have supported trade, brought communities together andare always the mostexciting part of the journey. These must-see bridges are now tourist attractions in their own right.Clifton Suspension Bridge, BristolDescribed byits legendary engineer Isambard Kingdom Brunel as “my first love, my darling", it was originally designed for horse-drawn traffic. Now, more than four million vehicles a year cross the 1,352ft-long toll（通行费）bridge over the Avon Gorge. The £ 1 toll for every journey pays for its maintenance. The history of the bridge, dating back to 1864, is kept alive through a programme of tours, events and exhibitions.Infinity Bridge, Stockton-On-TeesA pedestrian（行人）and cycle footbridge across the River Tees, its working title was the North Shore Footbridge, before it was given its grander name when opened in 2009. It is particularly incredible at night. The arches（拱形）of the bridge are also lit white and, on calm nights, their reflection in the water appears as an infinity（无穷大）symbol, thus inspiring the name which was chosen by the public.Tower Bridge, LondonAn engineering wonder built from thousands of tons of Portland stone and steel, it took construction workers eight years to complete. More than 120 years old, it's a popular tourist attraction, as well as a functional bridge. Visitors can take in the views over the capital, experience seeing London life through the Glass Floor, and visit the Victorian Engine Rooms.Iron Bridge, ShropshireOpened in 1781 , this is the first arch bridge in the world made out of cast iron. Recognised as one of the great symbols of the industrial revolution, it transformed the craft of bridge building and was a crucial factor in the development of the iron trade in Shropshire.1. Which bridge has the longest history?A. Clifton Suspension Bridge.B. Infinity Bridge.C. Tower Bridge.D. Iron Bridge.2. What can we know about Infinity Bridge?A. It was originally meant for pedestrains.B. The public give it two names.C. Ifs well worth visiting at night.D. Its arch is bigger than any other bridge's.3. What makes Clifton Suspension Bridge different from the other bridges introduced?A. It charges drivers for each passing.B. It offers walkers a good view at night.C. It was made from thousands of stones.D. It's a symbol of the industrial revolution.BThis is Scientific America's 60-Second Science. I am Christopher Intagliata.The Apollo missions brought back 842 pounds of rock and soil from the moon, that's nearly 2200 different samples. But the most interesting one, according to a scientist Meenakshi Wadhwa, is a sample named "Apollo 1-0-0-8-5collected by Neil Armstrong on Apollo 11.“He was about to step back into the lunar module(登月舱) when he turned around and saw there were little spaces in the rock box. He knew that geologists on earth would be just so excited to study these materials, so he just scooped up nine scoops(勺) of soil and put it into the box." Wadhwa explained.It was one of the most well studied samples of the Apollo missions. And a geologist named John Wood noticed white flecks(微粒) of rock in the soil, which inspired him to dig deeper into the moon's ancient past.“This was quite a leap of imagination — he proposed that the whole of the moon had been almost covered with a magma(岩浆) ocean nearly 4.5 billion years ago. This was a revolutionary idea at the time, because people had thought the moon had formed cold, so it completely changed our idea how the moon formed.”But Wadhwa has a more personal reason to appreciate this sample. She met her husband Scott Parazynski also because of this rock sample. Scott, a mountaineer at that time, wanted to climbMount Everestwith a moon rock while Wadhwa was the chairman of the NASA committee that gives access to the samples for scientific purposes.Neil Armstrong's last-minute scoop of moon dust brought two people together here on Earth and upturned our understanding of how the moon — and the Earth itself-got here.Thank you for listening for Scientific American's 60-Second Science.4. It can be learned from Paragraph 3 that ________ .A. Neil Armstrong was excited to find the soilB. the spaceship was about to land on the moonC. Sample "Apollo1-008-5" was collected at the last minuteD. scientists were not satisfied with the samples brought back by Neil5. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?A. Scott made a new proposal about the moon's origin.B. The Apollo missions brought back 842 rock samples.C. "Apollo 1-0-0-8-5" brought new evidence to the moon's formation.D. Wadhwa and her husband climbedMount Everestwith a moon rock.6. What is this text?A. A short interview.B. An introduction to a scientist.C. An inspiring speech.D. A broadcast story of a program.7. What is the text mainly about?A. A romantic story of a moon rock.B. A big leap made by Neil Armstrong.C. An unusual task for Apollo missions.D. An unexpected discovery in moon exploration.CThink ofJapanin the spring and the image that comes to mind is likely the country’s famous cherry blossoms, also known as “Sakura” — white and pink flowers, blooming across cities and mountains.The flowers, which experience a “peak bloom” that only lasts a few days, have been loved inJapanfor more than a thousand years. Crowds celebrate with viewing parties,flockingto the most popular locations to take photos and have picnics underneath the branches.But this year, cherry blossom season has come and gone in the blink of an eye, in one of the earliest blooms on record. Scientists warn it’s a symptom of the larger climate crisis threatening ecosystems everywhere.Yasuyuki Aono, a researcher atOsakaPrefectureUniversity, has gathered records fromKyotoback to 812 AD from historical documents and diaries. In the central city ofKyoto, cherry blossoms peaked on March 26, the earliest in more than 1,200 years, Aono said. And in the capitalTokyo, cherry blossoms reached full bloom on March 22, the second-earliest date on record.The peak bloom dates shift every year, depending on numerous factors including weather and rainfall, but have shown a general trend of moving earlier and earlier. InKyoto, the peak date stayed around mid-April for centuries, but began moving into early April during the 1800s. The date has only dipped into late March a handful of times in recorded history.“Sakura blooms are very temperature sensitive,” said Aono. “Flowering and full bloom could be earlier or later depending on the temperature alone,” he said. “The temperature was low in the 1820s, but it has risen by about 3.5 degrees Celsius to this day.”This year’s seasons in particular influenced the blossom dates, he added. The winter was very cold, but the spring came fast and unusually warm.8. What is the best title of the passage?A. Cherry blossom celebrations.B. Warning of a climate crisis.C. A strong love for cherry blossom.D. Cherry blossom season coming earlier.9. What does the underlined word “flocking” mean?A. Blocking.B. Flooding.C. Running.D. Following.10. What can we infer from paragraph 5?A. The peak blossom dates fall on a fixed date.B. The cherry blossom rarely peaks in March.C. The peak bloom dates mainly depend on weather and rainfall.D. Cherry blossom peaks around mid-April inTokyo.11. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?A. To inform people the date of cherry blossom.B. To show a study on cherry blossom dates.C. To present a Japanese tradition of cherry blossom celebration.D. To make people aware of the influence of climate change on cherry blossom.DWhen Alex Linwas 11 years old, he read an alarming article in the newspaper, which said that people were burying old computers in backyards, throwing TVs into streams, and dumping (丢弃) cell phones in the garbage. This was dangerous because e-waste contains harmful chemicals that can leak into the environment, getting into crops, animals, water supplies and people.Alex was really worried and decided to make it next project for WIN-the Westerly Innovations Network. Alex and six of his friends had formed this organization to help solve community problems two years before.But what could they do about this project with e-waste? The team spent several weeks gathering informationabout the harmful chemicals in e-waste and their effects on humans. They learned how to dispose(处置) of e-waste properly and how it could be recycled. Then, they sent out a Survey and found only one in eight know what e-waste was, let alone how to properly dispose of it.Alex and his friends went into action. They advertised in the local newspaper and distributed notices to students, asking residents to bring their unwanted electronics to the school parking lot. The drive lasted two days, and they collected over 9, 500 kilograms of e-waste. The next step was to set up a long-term e-waste drop-off center for the town. After some research, they’d learned that reusing is the best way to deal with electronic devices and it is seven times more efficient than recycling. So, they began learning to retrofit (翻新) computers themselves and distributed them to students who didn’t have their own. In this way, they could help students in the area and protect the environment at the same time.For a lasting solution to e-waste, the drop-off center wasn’t enough. Lawswould have to be passed. In 2016, WIN helped push for an e-waste bill in their town, which required companies that manufactured or sold electronics to take back e-waste. The bill clearly forbids the dumping of e-waste. Because of the work of WIN, more and more people, like Alex and his team, are getting the message about safe disposal of e-waste. As Alex says, “Today’s technology should not become tomorrow’s harmful garbage.”12. What was Alex’s worry after he read the article?A. The littering of e-waste.B. The recycling of plastic.C. The change of environment.D. At 11 p.m. on Monday.13. What did Alex do to start the project?A. Set up WIN.B. Collect information.C. Ask friends for help.D. The overuse of old computer.14. Which can best describe the way Alex and his team did their work?A. Traditional.B. Competitive.C. Scientific.D. Convenient.15. What message does the story convey?A. There is no end to perfection.B. success comes through failure.C. Every positive attitude has a reward.D. young people can make a big difference.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年上海市控江中学高三语文三模试题及答案一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。

亲爱的丽丽姑娘陆清时每次遇到名字叫丽的女孩，我都会深觉这个女孩生来就不受重视，好像就此被打上了平凡的标签一样。

很久以前在我认识陈丽的时候，我就是这么想的。

我们从小一起长大，陈丽在学业上毫无天分，和我隔着一条过道坐着，支着脑袋昏睡沉沉，永远睡不醒的样子。

她的座位也被越移越后，老师们提起她总像面前有只苍蝇那般不耐烦。

高中总开那种要命的家长会，陈丽和她妈妈坐在角落里，两人一模一样的表情，支着头像要睡觉的样子。

我妈奋笔疾书记着老师说的话，忙里偷闲还要嘲笑她们：“有其母必有其女啊。

”我没有说什么，但是心里的嘲笑肯定是有的。

因为走得近，班主任总让我帮陈丽补课，好像不让她拖班级后腿是我的义务一样一有时候给她讲数学题，看她心不在焉的样子就忍不住来气，我一生气她就跑到楼下小超市买柠檬奶茶、妙芙蛋糕哄我。

陈丽的零用钱总是比我多，她做好多副业，比如代借漫画书、代买电影票、代送鲜花。

陈丽为这些小本生意忙得不亦乐乎，拿个小账本在我面前算得格外顺j留，还自己发明了一个类似复式记账的记账方法。

成长总会经历些不可预料的意外，而那时候，陈丽表现得异常坚强。

她开出租车的爸爸在她高二那年得肺癌拖了半年去世，她拉着我在小区门口呆坐了两个小时就转头对我说：“我好了，谢谢你陪我。

”后来我觉得，可能陈丽就是在那个晚上长大的，她把所有失去的悲伤、对生活的恐惧、对未来的不安都凝结到了一起，转化为对赚钱的热爱，隔壁班有两个女生吃着陈丽大热天跑腿买来的可爱多，还嘲笑她：“你说那个陈丽是不是想赚钱想疯了。

”那一瞬，我有点心疼陈丽。

当我们不愿意坐公交出门就打出租的时候，陈丽已经因为给快餐店送外卖而对这个城市的道路了如指掌、陈丽绑一个高高的马尾，光亮的额头上总是一层汗。

一小时八块钱的工资，风雨无阻。

有几次我问她：“累不累”，她笑了笑，擦擦汗，然后转身就开始忙碌。

2019-2020学年上海市控江高级中学高三英语月考试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ADive with Big SharksOur shark dive adventures make use of hookah systems and shark cages. A hookah system is a system of providing air from the surface to divers down below. Cage divers breathe by using a regulator connected to an air hose.Is SharkDiving Dangerous?Yes. You could get sunburnt. You could hit your head on the top bunk getting out of bed. You could fall overboard. As for a shark attack,according to the International Shark Attack File,you are far more likely to be killed by a dog or a deer.Pricing & DetailsOne day Cage Diver Adventure S 875Our expert shark diver team will accompany you to the best viewing areas within the Marine Sanctuary.There,we'll drop our cage and prepare to provide you with a view you'll never forget.No dive experience is necessary.Our cages sit just below the surface.You'll be able to breathe comfortably from your snorkel or air hose while you move about the cage,taking photos and having fun.Top Shark Adventure S 375If you want to see great white sharks but prefer them a little further away,we offer great top-side shark viewing from our observation deck. Help scan the horizon for fins and watch for sharks attacking their prey（猎物）.Important NoteThere's No Shark GuaranteeAlthough we go to the best places at the best time of year, we cannot guarantee you'll see sharks. We've been very successful in past shark seasons and expect another incredible year. However, if we see nosharks, there is no refund.1.Which of the following isTRUEabout the two adventures?A.Top Shark Adventure makes use of hookah systems.B.Cage Diver Adventure offers you a view of the bottom of the sea.C.Cage Diver Adventure is less interesting than the other.D.Top Shark Adventure is suitable for those worried about danger.2.What is most likely to happen according to the advertisement?A.you fail to achieve your purpose of the trip.B.you are out of breath deep down in the sea.C.you are hurt by a shark while diving there,D.you suffer from lack of skill in shark diving.3.It can be inferred from the advertisement that shark diving is ________A.difficult but excitingB.challenging and tiringC.amazing and enjoyableD.expensive but popularBYou’ve heard that plastic is polluting the oceans — between 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year. But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference? Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does. He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.At the beginning of the year, the artist built a piece called “Strawpocalypse,” a pair of 10-foot-tall plastic waves, frozen mid-crash. Made of 168,000 plastic straws collected from several volunteer beach cleanups, the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source（来源）of plastic pollution, but they’ve recently come under fire because most people don’t need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled. Every straw that’s part ofVon Wong’s artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes. Once the drink is gone, the straw will take centuries to disappear.In a piece from 2018, Von Wong wanted to illustrate（说明）a specific statistic: Every 60 seconds, a truckload’s worth of plastic enters the ocean. For this work, titled “Truckload of Plastic,” Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10,000 pieces of plastic, which were then tied together to look like they’d been dumped（倾倒）from a truck all atonce.Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint.4. What are Von Wong’s artworks intended for?A. Beautifying the city he lives in.B. Introducing eco-friendly products.C. Drawing public attention to plastic waste.D. Reducing garbage on the beach.5. Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3?A. To show the difficulty of their recycling.B. To explain why they are useful.C. To voice his views on modern art.D. To find a substitute for them.6. What effect would “Truckload of Plastic” have on viewers?A. Calming.B. Disturbing.C. Refreshing.D. Challenging.7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Artists’ Opinions on Plastic SafetyB. Media Interest in Contemporary ArtC. Responsibility Demanded of Big CompaniesD. Ocean Plastics Transformed into SculpturesCHave you ever been sad because of failure? Please remember, for quite often achieving what you set out to do is not the most important thing.A boy decided to dig a deep hole behind his house. As he was working, a couple of older boys stopped by to watch. “What are you doing?” asked one of the visitors. “I want to dig a hole all the way through the earth!” the boy answered excitedly. The older boys began to laugh, telling him that digging a hole all the way through the earth was impossible. After a while, the boy picked up a jar. He showed it to the visitors. It was full of all kinds of stones and insects. Then he said calmly and confidently, “Maybe I can’t finish digging all the way through the earth, but look at what I’ve found during this period!”Theboy’s goal was far too difficult, but it did cause him to go on. And that is what a goal is for－to cause us to move in the direction we have chosen, in other words, to cause us to keep working!Not every goal will be fully achieved. Not every job will endup with a success. Not every dream will come true. But when you fall short of your aim, maybe you can say, “Yes, but look at what I’ve found along the way! There are so many wonderful things having come into my life because I tried to do something!” It is in the digging that life is lived. It is the unexpected joy on the journey that really makes sense.8. The older boys laughed at the boy because he was thought to be______.A. braveB. impoliteC. foolishD. warm-hearted9. Why did the boy show the jar to the older boys?A. To drive them away.B. To show what he had found in digging.C. To show how beautiful the jar was.D. To attract them to join him in the work.10. What can be learnt from the fourth paragraph of the text?A. No dream can come true.B. All work will end successfully.C. Goals shouldn’t be set too high.D. Goals will make us work harder.11. The best title for the text should be______.A. A Boy Dug a HoleB. Joy in the JourneyC. No Pain, No GainsD. Failure Is the Mother of SuccessDI am a part of the Windward Robotics team known as the Omnicats, one of the many clubs offered at my school. My eight teammates and I started out by watching the robotics qualifiers and finals of Chinese teams. We used these robotics videos for inspiration and drew up mind maps of what our team wanted to do.We meet every day for two hours after school in order to build our robots. Typically, adultsoverseewhat students are building, but my school lets teens take control. It leaves room for more errors, but we're prouder of our final product.Before our first real match, a practice was offered at the actual site. My sub-team had been further along than other teams but quickly fell behind. When we arrived on that big day, I immediately felt my teammates' nervousness. Our first match was in three minutes. All of us glanced around at each other since we were not prepared at all. Our robot was still sitting in a box. Two of our teammates rushed to take the robot for an officialexamination as the rest of us discussed our strategy (策略).Our team captain explained that we all should try driving the robot now, while it was early in the season. She gave me the remote. I had only driven for a limited amount of time in practice so I was extremely nervous. Our autonomous code (自动代码) beganto run almost immediately after our short discussion. Despite all the drama, we ended up winning the match.Not too bad for the first match! I was so proud. I did not enjoy the pressure of driving but liked building the robot behind the scenes instead.We have transferred to a different type of robotics at the end of the semester, which involves the whole team designing one giant robot with large tools. I am a part of the electrical team now, so I make sure the motherboard (母板) can supply the robot's energy needs. We have all enjoyed the rest of the season and learned that robotics it never dull!12. What does the underlined word in paragraph 2 probably mean?A. InspectB. AdmireC. OverlookD. Assume13. Why did her teammatesfed so nervous before first match?A. Because it was really too difficult for them.B. Because they didn't prepare for it at all.C. Because they didn't know what the match would be like.D. Because they didn't make full preparations before the match.14. How did the author feel about their first robotics match?A. It was tiring but exciting.B. It was stressful but wonderful.C. It was terrible but powerful.D. It was boring but professional15. What is the best title for the text?A. A Girl Who Loves RobotsB. My First Robotics MatchC. Teamwork for RobotsD. Robotics Is Never Dull第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。