人教版英语英语现在完成时用法总结含答案百度文库

【初中英语】现在完成时语法归纳总结及练习现在完成时语法归纳总结及练习（含答案）现在完成时表示发生在过去持续到现在完成或未完成的事情，对现在造成了某种影响或产生了某种结果。

也表示到现在为止从未做过的事情。

现在完成时的谓语动词构成是：have/has+动词的过去分词（过去分词用P.P.表示），have/has叫助动词，变成否定形式是：haven’t /hasn’t +过去分词，变一般疑问句就是把have、has 提到主语前面，标点用问号, 用yes、no回答。

例如：I have ever seenthe film before. I haven't seen the film. Have you seen the film before？Yes，I have. No, Ihaven't.动词的过去分词的变化规则和过去式的规则是一样的。

分为规则变化和不规则变化。

规则变化和动词变过去式的方法一样。

不规则变化没有一定的规律性，得需要背诵。

一：把下列动词变成过去分词：1.enter _____2. afford _______3. invite______4. try ______5. stop______6. smell _______7. send _____8. dream _____9. do______ 10. get ______ 11.feel ______ 12. make _____在学习现在完成时态时，我们有时用一些词加以强调或说明。

如：just(刚刚，刚才)，already(已经), ever(曾经), never(从不), yet(还未). just一般用在肯定句中，放在have/has 和过去分词之间；already 用于肯定句，放在have/has 和过去分词之间或句尾。

ever一般没有句式限制，放在have/has 和过去分词之间；never表示否定意义，放在have/has 和过去分词之间；yet用于否定句或疑问句句尾，在否定句中一般翻译为：“已经”，在疑问句中一般翻译为：“尚，还未”。

现在完成时1.构成现在完成时是由助动词have(has)+动词的过去分词构成。

助动词have(has)表明事情发生于现在。

它和主语的人称、数要保持一致。

过去分词在句子中做谓语，说明句子的含义。

2.用法（1）动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间，但对现在有某种影响和结果。

常被just、already、yet 等副词修饰。

如：-Have you had lunch yet? -Yes,I have. I've just had it.你（已经）吃午饭了吗？我刚刚吃过。

（现在我不饿了）（2）表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。

这个动作可能刚停止，可能仍然在进行。

常带有for和since等表示一段时间的状语。

如：He has taught here since 1981他自1981年就在这儿教书。

（可能还要继续教）I have't seen her for four years.我有四年没见到她了。

（3）表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种经验，一般译为汉语“过”，常带有twice,ever,never,three times等时间状语。

如：I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京二次。

3.现在完成时的时间状语（1）现在完成时属于现在时范围，故不能和过去的时间状语连用。

如：yesterday,last Sunday,in1990,three years ago等。

但是，在强调动作产生的后果和影响时，可以和一些表示不确定的时间状语连用。

a. 用副词already和yet。

already一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和疑问句中。

如：We have already finished our homework.我们已完成作业了。

They haven't finished their homework yet.他们还没有完成作业。

b.用ever 和never。

现在完成时（Present perfect）过去发生并且已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果，过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态。

基本结构：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词(done) ①肯定句：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+宾语. ②否定句：主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词+宾语. ③一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词+宾语. ④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句（have/has+主语+过去分词+其他） 定义：　（1）强调动作是过去发生的 （2）强调对现在的影响或结果 （3）在过去不确定的时间里发生的动作，但是结果对现在有影响。

但过去分词一定要选择准确。

规则动词 1 、规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。

四点变化规则： (1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。

work---worked---worked ,visit---visited---visited(2)、以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。

live---lived---lived , (3)、以“辅音字母+ y ”结尾的动词，将"y" 变为"i" ，再加“ ed ”。

study---studied---studied ,cry---cried---cried (4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。

stop---stopped---stopped , drop---dropped--dropped不规则动词burn---burnt---burnt 1hide hid hiden 隐藏2forget forgot forgoten 忘记3see saw seen 看见4take took taken不规则动词 2 、不规则动词：AAA型原型过去式过去分词 burst burst burst cast cast cast cost cost costcut cut cut hit hit hit hurt hurt hurt put put put set set set shut shut shut spread spread spread let let let read read read led led led AAB型　beat beat beaten ABA型become became become run ran run come came come 特殊情况　read read read read原形发音为/ri:d/,过去式和过去分词发音为/red/ABB型bring brought brought buy bought bought build built built burn burnt burnt　catch caught caught dig dug dug feel felt felt fight fought fought find found found feed fed fed get got got　hang hung hung hear heard heard hold held held keep kept kept lay laid laid lead led led lose lost lost leave left left lend lent lent make made made mean meant meantmeet met met pay paid paid sell sold sold shoot shot shot say said saidsit sat sat stand stood stood shine shone shone sweep swept sweptsleep slept slept teach taught taught tell told told think thought thought win won won ABC型begin began begun blow blew blown break broke broken choose chose chosen draw drew drawn drive drove driven drink drank drunk fly flew flown forgive forgave forgiven forget forgot forgotten freeze froze frozen give gave given grow grew grown know knew known ride rode ridden rise rose risen ring rang rung shake shook shaken sing sang sung sink sank sunk swim swam swum throw threw thrown write wrote writtentake took taken wear wore worn用法（1）现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生过或完成的动作或状态,但其结果却和现在有联系,也就是说,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在. I have spent all of my money.(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.) Jane has laid the table.(含义是:现在桌子已经摆好了.) Michael has been ill.(含义是:现在仍然很虚弱) He has returned from abroad. (含义是:现在已在此地) （2）现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（be动词表示）常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用. ①for+时段　②since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从……以来） ③since+时段+ago ④since+从句（过去时）●⑤It is+时段+since+从句（过去时）Mary has been ill for three days. I have lived here since 1998. ●注：瞬间动词（buy,die,join,lose……）不能直接与for since 连用。

现在完成时态的用法总结
1.表示过去的经历或经历：
运动员：I have played soccer since I was a child. （我从小就开始踢足球了。

）
老师：She has taught English for 10 years.（她已经教了10年英语。

）
2.表示过去一些时间开始，但一直持续到现在的动作：
我们已经等了一个小时了。

：We have been waiting for an hour.
我已经住在这个城镇上10年了。

：I have lived in this town for 10 years.
3.表示过去一些时间内发生的具体动作或事件：
我刚刚完成了我的作业。

：I have just finished my homework.
我吃了早饭之后，就去上班了。

：I have gone to work after having breakfast.
4.过去的经历对现在的影响：
我刚刚吃过饭，所以我不饿了。

：I have just had dinner, so I'm not hungry.
我读了很多书，所以我现在的英语水平很高。

：I have read a lot of books, so my English level is high.
5.过去发生、但时间不明确的动作或事件：
我看过这部电影。

：I have seen this movie.你去过巴黎吗？：Have you been to Paris?。

（完整版）现在完成时讲解及练习题及答案时态讲解：现在完成时（1）构成：现在完成时由助动词have + 过去分词构成，助动词have 有⼈称和数的变化。

第三⼈称单数⽤has，其余⽤have.现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后⾯加上not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。

以study 为例，其否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式如下：（2）⽤法：1）现在完成时通常表⽰在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。

说话⼈强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。

My daughter has just gone out. 我⼥⼉刚出去。

I’m sure we’ve met before. 我肯定我们以前见过⾯。

She has arrived. 她到了。

2）表⽰持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表⽰⼀段时间的状语连⽤，如recently, already, just, lately, for…, since…,yet等。

如：I haven’t heard from her these days. 这些⽇⼦我没有收到她的信。

We haven’t seen you recently. 最近我们没有见到你。

They have been away for two years. 他们离开已经两年了。

She has been with us since Monday.★注意：1）since和for的区别since后接时间点，如1993，last term, yesterday, the time I got therefor后接⼀段时间，表⽰“长达多久”，如ten years, a while, two days等。

Exercise: ⽤since和for填空1. Jim has been in Ireland ______ Monday.2. Jill has been in Ireland ______ three days.3. His aunt has lived in Australia ______15 days.4. Mary is in her office. She has been there ______ 7 o'clock.5. India has been an independent country ______1974.6. The bus is late. They've been waiting ______ 20 minutes.7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty ______ many years.8. Mike has been ill ______a long time. He has been in hospital ______ October.2）表⽰短暂意义的动词如arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die等，在完成时当中不能和表⽰⼀段时间的状语连⽤，因为它们表⽰的动作不可能持续。

现在完成时态用法全面总结一、基本结构/构成例句：- I have read the book.- She has studied English for five years.二、表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响1.表示一个过去发生的动作对现在造成的结果或影响。

例句：- I have lost my keys.（我丢了我的钥匙，钥匙现在不见了）- She has forgotten her homework.（她忘记了她的作业，她现在没有作业）例句：- I have never been to Paris.（我从来没有去过巴黎，但是现在可能是计划去或者仍然没有去）- Have you ever eaten sushi?（你曾经吃过寿司吗？）三、表示一段时间内发生的动作或经历1.表示一个从过去其中一时间点开始，一直持续到现在的动作。

例句：- I have lived in this city for 10 years.（我在这个城市住了10年，目前还在）2.表示一个过去经历的动作，但不涉及具体的时间段。

例句：- Have you ever visited China?（你曾经去过中国吗?）- They have seen that movie.（他们看过那部电影）四、表示经验1.表示过去的经验，对现在有所帮助或者影响。

例句：- I have studied English, so I can speak it fluently.（我学过英语，所以我能够流利地说英语）- She has worked as a teacher, so she knows how to handle children.（她以前当过老师，所以她知道如何处理孩子）2.表示一些动作重复出现的经验。

例句：- He has played the piano since he was a child.（他从小就开始弹钢琴）五、表示刚刚发生的动作（用于现在完成时态）1.表示一个动作刚刚发生，并伴随着现在的结果或影响。

表示建议的句型◆其后接动词原形的句型Let's …, shall we?Why not do sth?Don't do sthYou'd better do sthShall I/we do sth?You'd better not do sthWhy don't you do sth?We should / can do sth.◆其后接不定式的句型It's a good idea to do sth.Would you like to do sth?Try to do sth.Remember to do sth.Don't forget to do sth..◆其后接动名词的句型How/ What about doing sth?现在完成时一、现在完成时的用法：现在完成时表示一个过去发生并结束的动作对现在产生的结果和影响。

这一类情况可以分为下面两种情况：◆表示过去发生的或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常和recently, just, now, already, y et, not…yet等连用。

如：Li Ming has just turned off the light. 李明刚刚把灯关上。

(说明现在灯关上了) I've finished my homework now. 现在我已经做完作业了。

(说明可以交作业或做别的了)◆表示动作或状态在过去已经开始，持续到现在，也许还要持续下去。

常和for, since连用。

如：We have lived here since 2000.二、基本结构：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词。

否定形式应在have/has后加not变为haven't/hasn't；疑问句应将have/has放在句子主语之前。

被动形式为：has/have been done。

如：I have read the book.I have not seen him before.This book has been returned to the library.三、现在完成时和一般过去时的区别现在完成时与一般过去时都表示在过去发生的动作，但现在完成时强调这一动作与现在的关系，如动作对现在产生的影响、结果等；而一般过去时则只表示过去的事实，不表示和现在的关系。

现在完成时讲解一、基本结构：主语+have/has+过去分词(done)①肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分词+其他②否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他③一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（have/has+主语+过去分词+其他）二、用法1）现在完成时的"完成用法"现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生过或完成的动作或状态,但其结果却和现在有联系,也就是说,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在.He has turned off the light.他已把灯关了。

(动作结束于过去，但说明的是现在的情况--灯现在不亮了。

)I have spent all of my money.(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.)Jane has laid the table.(含义是:现在桌子已经摆好了.)2）现在完成时的"未完成用法"指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻，一直延续到现在，或可能还要继续下去。

这里的动词要用持续性动词。

常与for （+时间段）,since（+时间点）连用.Mary has been ill for three days.Mary has been ill since three days ago.注意:1.现在完成时不能单独与准确时间连用，(如表示过去的时间状语）如yesterday(morning、afternoon),last(morning、afternoon)等，除非与for, since连用.2.现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用,如already（肯定）, yet（否定，疑问）, just, before, recently, still, latel y等:He has already obtained a scholarship.I haven't seen much of him recently (lately).We have seen that film before.Have they found the missing child yet ?3. 现在完成时常常与表示频度的时间状语连用,如ever, never, twice, several times等:Have you ever been to BeijingI have never heard Bunny say anything against her.I have used this pen only three times. It is still good.George has met that gentleman several times.4. 现在完成时还往往可以同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用,如up to these few days/weeks/months/years, just, up to present(now), so far等:Peter has written six papers so far.Up to the present everything has been successful.5. 现在完成时还可以用来表示过去的一个时间到现在这段时间内重复发生的动作.We have had four texts this semester.6. have been to 和have gone to的区别have been to 强调“去过”，现已不在那里，如：He has been to the USA three times.他到美国去过三次。

中考英语语法丨现在完成时详解（附练习题及答案）中考英语语法丨现在完成时详解（附练习题及答案）一.现在完成时的构成："have/ has+动词的过去分词”。

①肯定句主语+have/ has+动词的过去分词。

Though he has read the book three times, he hopes to read it again.尽管已经把这本书读了三遍，他仍希望再读一次。

②否定句:主语+have/ has+not+动词的过去分词。

You haven't been here for a long time.你已经很长时间没来这儿了。

③一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词? Have they finished the work yet?他们已经完成这项工作了吗?二.现在完成时的用法(1)表示发生在过去的动作对现在仍有影响My father has gone to Shanghai. (表示人不在这里了)我爸爸去上海了。

I have already had supper. (表示现在不饿了)我已经吃过晚饭了。

(2 )表示从过去开始一直延续到现在(可能延续下去)的动作或状态He has lived here since 1970.他自从1970年以来一直住在这里。

My brother has been a soldier for two years.我哥哥已经参军两年了。

提示：常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有alredy(已经),yet (还)，just (刚刚), never(从不),ever(曾经)，before (以前), recently（近来）, since then(从那时起)，since(自从),so far (到目前为止),for a long time（很长一段时间), in the past/last few years (在过/最近的几年里)等。

(每日一练)人教版初三英语现在完成时知识点总结(超全)单选题1、I ________ that movie several times, and I still want to see it again.A．seeB．sawC．am seeingD．have seen答案：D解析：句意：我已经看了那部电影好几次了，我仍然想去再看一次。

考查现在完成时。

see“观看”，根据空后的“several times”可知，此处是指看过好几次了，应用现在完成时，故选D。

2、My Chinese teacher ________ in our school for over twenty years.A．had taughtB．is teachingC．teachesD．has taught答案：D解析：句意：我的语文老师在我们学校教了二十多年书了。

考查时态辨析。

根据“for over twenty years”可知用现在完成时，其结构为have/has done。

故选D。

3、—May I speak to Rose?—Sorry, she isn’t in. She ________ to Hong Kong.A．was goingB．has beenC．goesD．has gone答案：D解析：句意：——我可以和Rose说话吗？——抱歉，她不在。

她去香港了。

考查现在完成时。

根据“Sorry, she isn’t in.”可知，Rose不在，她已去香港了，本句需用现在完成时。

have/has been to表示去了某地已经回来；have/has gone to表示去了某地还未回来。

根据语境可知，Rose没在家，还未回来，需用has gone to。

故选D。

4、Johnny ________ with a host family for two years. Now he’s used to the life in America.A．staysB．would stayC．is stayingD．has stayed答案：D解析：句意：珍妮和一个寄宿家庭待在一起两年时间。

初中英语语法大全| 现在完成时的结构和用法（练习附答案）（一）基本结构现在完成时的句子结构一般为：主语+have/has+过去分词+其他成分如：We have already had lunch.He has been away for a week.（二）主要用法1、表示过去发生并且已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。

此时，常和谓语动词一起使用的副词有already、just、never、ever、yet 等。

如：They have already come back from the museum.She has already finished her homework.2、表示过去发生的动作持续到现在，并且有可能会继续持续下去。

此时，常和谓语动词一起使用的标志性词语主要有for 和since，而且此时的谓语动词往往是持续性动词（如stay、keep、wait 等）。

如：I have lived here for ten years.He has kept the clavichord since thirty years ago.3、表示从过去某一时间到说话时这段时间中反复发生的动作。

此时，常和谓语动词一起使用的主要是表频度的副词often 、always、seldom、never 等，以及表次数的单词或短语（如once、twice 、three times ）。

如：You have never listened to me like this before.She has ever been to France.They have visited the Summer Palace many times.（三）动词的过去分词1、规则变化其变化规则与动词的一般过去时基本相同，主要是在词尾加-ed 或-d 具体的有：1）直接加-ed。

如：worked、played。

2）以不发音的e 结尾的动词后加-d。

人教版英语八年级下册Units 8-10语法重难点：现在完成时专项复习一. 定义：①过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果：强调结果例：Yesterday I finished my homework, that’s to say, I have finished my homework now.②过去已经开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态：强调继续例：I have lived in Guangzhousince 2016, that’s to say, I have lived here for 4 years so far.二. 构成方法:现在完成时由“have (has)+过去分词”构成。

（have /has在现在完成时中作助动词；否定式: have/has not (缩写为haven’t/hasn’t) + 过去分词）三. 基本用法:(1)动作已完成(强调影响性)。

该用法的现在完成时表示一个过去发生的动作在过去已经完成，并且这个过去发生并完成的动作对现在产生影响或结果，同时说话强调的或感兴趣的就是这个影响或结果：She’s gone to bed. 她睡觉了。

（结果：她现在在床上）Have you seen my key? 你看到我的钥匙了吗?（结果：你知道它在哪里吗?）He has eaten nothing today. 他今天什么也没吃。

（结果：他现在一定很饿。

）(2)动作未完成(强调持续性)。

该用法的现在完成时表示一个过去发生的动作并未在过去完成，而是一直持续到现在，并且有可能继续下去(也可能到此结束)：Have you waited long? 你等了很久吗？We have been busy this afternoon. 今天下午我们一直很忙。

I抳e waited a week for your answer. 等你的回答我等了一个星期。

除以上用法外，现在完成时还可表示过去的重复动作甚至将来动作：He has always gone to work by bike. 他总是骑自行车上班。

现在完成时1.构成现在完成时是由助动词 have(has)+动词的过去分词构成。

助动词说明该谓语是属于现在时范围。

它和主语的人称、数要保持一致。

过去分词是主要的谓语动词说明句子意义。

肯定式：主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + 其他。

(当主语是第三人称单数时用 has,其余人称用have。

过去分词:规则动词的过去分词构成与动词过去式相同;不规则动词需要特殊记忆。

) 否定式:主语 + haven't/hasn't + 过去分词 + 其他。

疑问式: Have /Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他?特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句(have/has+主语+过去分词+其他)简略答语:Yes, 主语 + have/has.(肯定)No, 主语 + haven't/hasn't.(否定)2.用法(1) 表示动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间，但对现在留下了某种影响和结果。

常被 just、already 、yet 等副词修饰。

如： -Have you had lunch yet? -Yes, I have. I've just had it. 你(已经)吃午饭了吗？我刚刚吃过。

(现在我不饿了)I have spent all of my money .(现在我没有钱花了 .)Jane has laid the table.( 现在桌子已经摆好了 .)(2)表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。

这个动作可能刚停止，可能仍然在进行。

常带有 for 和since 等表示一段时间的状语。

①for+时段为… 时间②since+过去一个时间点(译为：自从…… 以来)③since+时段+ago④since+从句(过去时)⑤Itis+时段+since+从句(过去时)如： He has taught here since 1981 他自 1981 年就在这儿教书。

现在完成时【语法讲解】1.现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，也可以表示从过去某一时间开始，一直持续到现在的动作或状态。

常与already (已经), just (刚刚), ever (曾经), never (从不), before (以前), yet (仍然)等连用。

考点1：现在完成时的结构句型考点2：already与yet在现在完成时中的用法1）already 通常用于肯定句中，一般用于have/has 后，实义动词前，偶尔放在句尾。

yet 用于否定句和疑问句中，一般用在句末。

2）在现在完成时态的句子中，含有already 的肯定句变为否定句或疑问句时，要把already 改为yet，并放于句末。

考点3：辨析have been to, have gone to与have been in/at【注意】当have been to 后面接副词，如here, there, home 时，to 要省略，变为have been here/ there/home。

考点4：have been in＋组织，表示加入某组织。

eg: He has been in the army for 3 years.他参军三年了。

考点5：have been＋adj./n.呈现……状态eg: The shop has been open for 10 years.这家店营业十年了。

We have been friends since we were 5.我们从5岁起就一直是朋友。

考点6：若现在完成时的句子中含表示时间段的时间状语(如含since/for引导的时间状语)，则谓语只能使用延续性动词。

短暂性动词可以转化为延续性动词1). 直接换成延续性动词buy买→have有borrow借→keep保留put on穿上→wear穿着come/go/become来/去/变成→be在/是2). 转换成be＋名词join the army参军→be a soldier当兵join the Party 入党→be a Party member成为一名党员go to school去上学→be a student成为一名学生3). 转换成be＋形容词/副词die死亡→be dead死了finish结束→be over结束begin开始→be on 在上映/已开始leave离开→be away远离的fall asleep入睡→be asleep睡着的close关闭→be closed关着的4). 转换成be＋介词短语go to school去上学→be in school在上学join the army参军→be in the army在军队中【综合训练】一、用所给单词的正确形式填空1.（2019山东青岛）The writer is so popular that he _______(sell) more than 200,000 books so far.2.（2019）---I____ (have a fever)since last night. ---You’d better go to see a doctor.3.（2019江苏泰州）So far, the couple ___________ (not change) their flat since they had a second child.4.（2019甘肃兰州）Jim has never ________(be) to Mount Tai in China.5.（2019贵州安顺）Sandy borrowed the novel from the library last week and ________(keep) it for 5 days.6.（2019湖北鄂州）Cathy and Linda ( not be) back to their hometown for two years.7.（2019江苏南通）----Can you go walking in the park with me, Daisy?----Sure. I (finish)my DIY project.二、单项选择1.（2019山东临沂）Melting ice (融冰) can cause sea levels to rise. Since 1993, sea levels _________at a speed of 3.2 cm every 10 years.A. roseB. have risenC. rise2.（2019安徽）—It's ten years since we came here—How time flies! We ____ in China for so long.A. workB. workedC. will workD. have worked3.（2019江苏泰州）---Have you ever been to Shanghai?---Of course. Actually, I _________there for six years but now I live in Taizhou.A. workedB. was workingC. would workD. have worked4.（2019湖北武汉）. I ate some fruit, which I ______ since I was a child, and the vegetables from my garden.A. have enjoyedB. enjoyedC. enjoyD.had enjoyed5.（2019湖南郴州）---- Where is Mr. Green?---- He the bookshop. You have to wait for him.A. was going toB. has gone toC. has been to6.（2019广东）My father ____ in a panda protection center for 10 ye ars, so he knows a lot about panda.A. was workingB. is workingC. has workedD. will work7.（2019湖北襄阳）.---- Why won’t we play basketball with Class 4 this afternoon?---Because they _ Longzhong for a study trip.A. have gone toB. have been toC. had gone toD. had been to8.（2019湖北随州）—Your new bike is so nice! When did you buy it?—In July. I _____it for two weeks.A.hadB. have hadC. have boughtD. bought9.（2019江苏淮安）---Where are the teachers now?--- In the meeting room. They _________ the meeting for 10 minutes.A. have begunB. have been onC. have hadD. have been held10.（2019湖北黄冈）---Where is Catherine? I haven't seen her for days.---She Wuhan. She’ll be back next week.A. has gone toB. has been toC. have gone toD. have been to11.（2019湖南长沙）I ______ abroad for several years, but I have never regretted my final decision to move back to my motherland.A．am living B．lived C．have lived12.（2019四川眉山）---Linda has to Paris. How can I get in touch with her?---Don’t worry. She will call you as soon as she there.A. been；will getB. been；getsC. gone；will getD. gone；gets13.（2019四川眉山）---Your new watch is so nice! When did you buy it?--- In October. I it for two months.A. hadB. boughtC. have hadD. have bought14.（2019福建）---Look! My mother _____ a new dress for me.----Wow, it looks very nice on you.A.is makingB.has madeC.will make15.（2019呼和浩特）The shop in Wanda Square ___ for six years, but I ___ there so far.A.has opened; haven’t goneB.has been open; haven’t beenC.has been open; haven’t goneD.has been opened; haven’t been16.（2019湖南湘潭）---Have you ever _____ the Terracotta Army in Xi’an ?----Yes. I went there last year.A.gone toB.been toC.been in17.（2019北京）Our school life a lot since 2017. We have more activities now.A. changesB. changedC. will changeD. has changed18.（2019湖北宜昌）----What progress Huawei _____ in recent years!----No wonder it is widely known in all parts of the world.A.is makingB.has madeC. makesD. made19.（2019贵州毕节）---How many letters you to your mother?--- 109 in all, since 2016.A. has, writtenB. have, writtenC. did, writeD. are, writing20.（2019湖南湘西）---___ you ever ______ Hong Kong --Zhuhai ____Macao Bridge ?---Not yet.A.Did; visitB.Are; visitC.Have , visited21.（2019哈尔滨）---Hi, Tom! _____ you ever ____ the Bird’s Nest ?----Yes, I have. It’s fantastic.A.Have, been toB.Have, gone toC. Did, go to22.（2019黑龙江齐齐哈尔）As an exchange student, Alan_____ Qiqihar for one and a half years.A.has been toB.has been inC.has gone to23（2019四川广元）---How long have you__________ your cap? It looks cool.---About two weeks.A. borrowedB. boughtC. had24.（2019贵阳）Today, all the erhu masters play and praise Erqu an Yingyue. It ____ one of China’s national treasure.A.becomesB.becameC.has become25（2019贵州黔西南）----How many letters _____ you _____ to your mother?----109in all, since 2016A.has, writtenB.have; writtenC.did; writeD.are ; writing三、完成句子1.（2019四川达州）China has been able to make big planes like C919 with scientists’ great effects. ______ China ______ able to make big planes like C919 with scientists’ great effects?2.（2019辽宁盘锦）布朗(Brown) 一家人已经在上海生活10年了__________________________________________________________________3.（辽宁铁岭）复仇者联盟4》已经上映两个月了。

Un it 9:现在完成时讲解一．基本结构：助动词have/has+过去分词(done)二．句型：否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他.一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他.简略答语: Yes, 主语+ have/has.(肯定)No, 主语+ haven't/hasn't.(否定)三．用法（1）现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果I have spent all of my money (so far).(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.)Guo zijun has (just/already) come. (含义：郭子君现在在这儿)My father has gone to work.(含义是:我爸爸现在不在这儿) （2）现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（be动词表示）常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用.①for+时段②since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从……以来）③since+时段+ago④since+从句（过去时）●⑤It is+时段+since+从句（过去时）Mary has been ill for three days.I have lived here since 1998.四．has gone (to),has been (to), has been (in) 的区别Have/Has gone(to) :去了(现在不在说话现场)Where is your father？He has gone to Shanghai.Have/Has been (to) :去过（已不在去过的地方）My father has been to Shanghai.Have/has been in：呆了多久（还在所呆的地方）My father has been in Shanghai for two months. /since two months ago.五．现在完成时的标志1.现在完成时的含义之一是过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响,用以下四大标志词可以表达这种含义:* 以already, just和yet为标志He has already got her help.他已得到她的帮助。

现在完成时态的讲解及专项练习现在完成时是初二要学到的语法内容，也是中考的重点和难点。

一. 现在完成时基本结构①肯定句：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词②否定句：主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词③一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（have/has+主语+过去分词）二. 现在完成时用法1. 现在完成时用来表示过去已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果。

也就是说，动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在，强调的是现在。

I have already posted the photo.我已经邮寄出了照片。

与此种用法连用的时间状语时一些模糊的过去时间状语，如already（肯定句句中）, yet （否定句/疑问句句尾）, just, before, recently,still, lately,never等。

2. 现在完成时也可用来表示动作或状态发生在过去某一时刻，持续到现在并且有可能会继续持续下去。

He has lived here since 1996自从1996年以来，他一直住在这儿。

(动作起始于1996年，一直住到现在，可能还要继续住下去。

)此种用法常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用。

谓语动词必须是延续性动词。

有些瞬间动词可变为延续动词：go out----be outfinish----be overopen----be opendie----be deadbuy---havefall ill---be illcome back----be backcatch a cold----have a cold三. 现在完成时常见考点对于现在完成时的考查，多以单选、句型转换或词语运用的形式考查学生在具体语境中灵活运用时态的能力。

在考试中，会让大家判断是否该用现在完成时，或者是考查“瞬间动词”不能与表示一段时间的状语连用”这一知识点。

人教版英语现在完成时用法总结含解析一、选择题1．— Where is your son Jimmy living now?— He________the city of Yangzhou, China for two years.A．has come to B．has been to C．has gone to D．has been in 2．Gina can’t go to the farm with her classmates because she________ a bad cold.A．is caught B．is catching C．will catch D．has caught 3．—See? The strange man ________ around our house again. Should we call the police?—Oh, no. He is our new neighbor, who moved upstairs the day before yesterday.A．walks B．walked C．has walked D．is walking 4．—Will your cousin go to Guiyang for the summer holiday?—In fact, he ________ Guiyang since he graduated.A．has gone to B．has been to C．has been in D．went to 5．Sarah is only 15 years old, but she ________ the Tennis Club for three years.A．joined B．has joined C．has been in D．was6．Lisa ________ her homework yet. I am afraid she can't go to the park with you.A．didn't finish B．hasn't finished C．wasn't finishing D．won't finish 7．What a pity! My new computer__________ a virus and it can't work now.A．catches B．caught C．is caught D．has caught 8．— When will your sister go to England?— She _________ London since four months ago.A．went to B．has gone to C．has been to D．has been in 9．—Where is your uncle? I haven't seen him for a long time.—He Shanghai for about half a year. He moved there last October.A．has gone to B．has been to C．has arrived in D．has been in 10．— I think the man over there must be Douglas.— It ________ be him. He has ________ to Australia.A．can’t, gone B．can’t, been C．may not, been D．mustn’t, gone 11．— Would you like to see the film The Wondering Earth with me?—I’m sorry I __________it twice.A．see B．have seen C．am seeing D．saw 12．—What do you think of the latest 5G smart phone?— It's amazing. It is the most wonderful phone I ________.A．used B．will use C．was using D．have used 13．―Olivia, are you sure your aunt ________back from America?―Yes. My mom told me. I'm going to see her now.A．had come B．came C．is coming D．has come 14．The manager reached Nanjing last Wednesday. He________there for 10 days.A．has been B．has got C．has reached D．has arrived 15．It's reported that Xiangshui explosion（爆炸）__________78 persons and the doctors are trying their best to save the wounded.A．kills B．has killed C．killed D．had killed16．My mother is a teacher. She ________ English in our school since she graduated from university.A．taught B．has taught C．is teaching D．will teach 17．The number of city parks in Lishui ______ a lot since it became a district of Nanjing. A．increase B．will increase C．increased D．has increased 18．The boy in red ___________ the football club for 3 years. He can play football very well now. A．has joined B．has been in C．joined D．was in 19．—Oh, your spoken English is very good, Linda.—Thank you. I _____________in England for three years.A．have studied B．studied C．was studying D．study20．—Look! The man looks like Mr. Li.—It can’t be him. Because he with his families________Japan since last Thursday and they haven’t returned.A．has gone to B．has been to C．have been in D．has been in21．一How can you start playing games so soon, Tom?一 I ______ my homework, Mom.A．finished B．have finished C．will finish D．finish 22．—Have you been to the Robot Restaurant in our city?—No. Although it _________ for more than a year, I’m far too busy t o go there.A．has started B．has been on C．has been open D．has opened 23．Hurry up! The concert ______ for ten minutes.A．has begun B．has been on C．has gone D．has finished 24．Since Tencent released Wechat, it ________ one of the most popular apps in the world. A．became B．has become C．has been D．was25．—What changes________in your lives?—Our lives have changed a lot, like...A．have there had B．has there been C．have there been D．has there had 26．— Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for?—Cliff Walkers. We ________ here for more than two hours.A．wait B．are waiting C．waited D．have waited 27．—Carl, are you coming with us?—I’d love to, but something unexpected ______.A．is coming up B．comes up C．came up D．has come up 28．—Where are the doctors now?—In the meeting room. They ________ the meeting for 10 minutes.A．have begun B．have been on C．have had D．have been held29．So far, China ________ the world’s largest highway network, with a total length of 160,000 kilometers.A．builds B．built C．will build D．has built 30．—Would you like to watch the film Fast and Furious 9 tonight?— Sure. I still want to see it again although I ________ it already.A．watch B．will watch C．was watching D．have watched 31．—How long ________ you ________ chemistry so far?—For almost one year.A．are; studying B．do; study C．have; studied D．will; study 32．Mr. Wu ________ Germany since three years ago, so he knows a lot about the German culture and customs.A．has gone to B．went to C．has been to D．has been in 33．— Where is Jim?— He ________ B eijing on business for a week. He’ll be back tomorrow.A．has come to B．has gone to C．has been to D．has been in 34．— Where is the head teacher?— She ________ to the library to search for some information.A．goes B．will go C．has been D．has gone 35．—Where is your uncle? —In the USA．He ________ there for two months.A．has gone B．has gone to C．has been D．has been to 36．—Hello, Jack. This is Sandy. What are you doing?—I’m watching an exciting basketball match. It _______ for half an hour.A．begins B．began C．has begun D．has been on 37．— I remember that Mr.Green once traveled broad.— Not only Mr.Green but also his daughters ______ abroad twice.A．have gone B．have been C．has gone D．has been 38．Please turn up the music, don’t worry about the baby because he ________ for half an hour. A．woke up B．has woke up C．was awake D．has been awake 39．The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, as the world’s longest cross-sea bridge, ________ for over one and a half years.A．has opened B．has been open C．has been opened D．opened 40．—Wher e’s your mum, Lucy?—She together with her sisters ________ the supermarket since two hours ago.A．has gone to B．has been to C．has been in D．have gone to 41．—Have you been to SuNing Plaza in our city?—No. Although it ________ for more than a week, I am far too busy to go there.A．has started B．has opened C．has been open D．has been on 42．The movie Hi, Mom________ the hearts of many people since it was shown in February. A．wins B．won C．will win D．has won43．Not all the students in my class would like to go to Suzhou Museum next week because about three-fifths of them _________ there before.A．have been B．have gone C．has been D．have been to44．—Why are you in a hurry?—I am late. Can you tell me how long _______?A．has the film been on B．the film has started C．the film has lasted D．has the film ended 45．My dog _______ for three days and I’m now very worried now and I want to find it as soon as possible.A．has been gone B．has gone C．is gone D．was gone 46．—Sorry, I’m late. There’s too much traffic on the roa d.—It doesn’t matter. The film has just_______for five minutes.A．begun B．finished C．been on D．been over 47．—Jim, turn down the music. Our baby is sleeping.—Don’t worry. He__________ for half an hour.A．woke up B．has woken up C．was awake D．has been awake 48．—Mum, I want to watch the news about our school. Change the channel, please!—What a pity! It is eight o'clock now. It___________ for a while.A．has been over B．was over C．has finished D．finished 49．—Have you ever worked on this farm?—Yes. I _________ cows as a farmer there for two years.A．raised B．was raising C．have raised D．will raise 50．Neither Mark nor his parents ________ Sanya before, so they can’t wait to start the journey. A．have gone to B．have been to C．has gone to D．has been to【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除一、选择题1．D【详解】句意：——你的儿子Jimmy现在住在哪里？——他在中国扬州已经两年了。

英语现在完成时用法总结含解析推荐精选一、初中英语现在完成时1．—They say there is a new restaurant near here.—Yes, and it ______ for more than a week.A. has been openB. openC. is openingD. opens【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意：——他们说在这附近有一个新的餐馆。

——是的，它已经开了一个多星期了。

根据 for more than a week ，可知用现在完成时，have/has been done，故选A。

【点评】考查现在完成时，注意识记其标志词。

2．I ________ an invitation to the concert. I can't wait to go.A. receiveB. will receiveC. was receivingD. have received【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：我已经收到音乐会的邀请，我等不及要去了。

由句意得知我已经收到去音乐会的邀请函，动作已完成造成的影响是我等不及要去，要用现在完成时，故答案选D。

【点评】考查动词时态。

根据题目所给语境推断出应使用的时态。

3．—Your new bike is so nice! When did you buy it?—In July. I _____it for two weeks.A. hadB. have hadC. have boughtD. bought【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意：——你的新自行车那么好看。

你什么时候买的。

——七月份，我买了两周了。

根据for two weeks，可知句子时态为现在完成时，而且谓语动词必须是延续性的。

因此排除AD，buy是结束性动词，不能够延续，应此排除，故答案是B。

【点评】考查现在完成时，注意现在完成时中延续性动词的使用。

4．—Hi, Tom! you ever the Bird's Nest?—Yes, I have. It's fantastic.A. Have, been toB. Have, gone toC. Did, go to【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意：——你好，Tom！你曾经去过鸟巢吗？——是的，我去过。