Review Questions for PP1.Master DataOrganizational Structures∙What are the various organizational structures in the R/3 System?∙Which R/3 organizational structures are used primarily for PP?∙What is the relation between controlling area, company code, valuation area, plant and storage locationMaterial Master∙What is the purpose of different material master views?∙Which views are available?∙Which views are used primarily for PP?∙What is the relationship between material master views and individual organizational structures?∙How does the industry sector influence the material master maintenance?∙How does the material type influence the material master maintenance?∙What is the difference between external and internal number assignment and how is it set up in Customizing?∙Which other factors can influence the selection of fields in the material master?∙How can MRP profile and forecast profile be used to optimize material master maintenance?∙How can a material master be reorganized (deleted/archived)?∙Which units of measure can affect processing in the material master (base unit of measure, production unit, order unit, etc.)?∙What is the material status used for and on which levels could it be maintained?∙Review the usage of the following settings?- MRP group- MRP type- Reorder point- Planning time fence - MRP controller- Lot size- Procurement type - Special procurement type- Production storage location- Backflush flag- Stock determination group- Bulk material- Scheduling margin key - Safety stock- Strategy group- Consumption mode and consumption period- Availability checkinggroup- Alternative selection flag - Dependent requirement flag for individual andcollective requirements - Production scheduler- Production scheduling profile- Underdelivery/overdelive ry tolerance- In-house production time (lot sizedependent/independent) - Valuation class- Price control indicator- Moving averageprice/standard priceBills of Material∙What is determined by BOM usage?∙What technical types of BOM are available?∙Can the technical type of a BOM be changed?∙During which processes will BOM usage and status be considered? ∙When would it be useful to make use of a Group BOM?∙What is meant by area of validity and effectivity of a BOM?∙Which item categories are available and what are their specifications?∙What is a sub-item?∙Under which circumstances could a BOM be recursive and what the usage of the recursive indicator?∙What is the usage of the following BOM settings?- Explosion type- Relevant to production - Relevant to costing- Material provisionindicator - Bulk material- Production storage locationWork Centers∙What is a work center category?∙What data can be maintained on the various views (basic, default, capacity, scheduling, costing, etc.)?∙What is the purpose of a standard value key?∙What role does the operation control key play?What does referencing mean?∙Why to use a work center hierarchy?What is a pooled capacity?∙Analyze the usage of the following fields?- Backflush indicator - Capacity category - Formulas fordetermining capacityrequirements- Rate of capacityutilization- Relevant to finitescheduling indicator - Overload- Formulas for scheduling - Location group (move time matrix)- Queue times (normal and minimum)- Cost center- Activity types- Formulas for costingRoutings∙What does a routing define?∙How is a routing structured?∙What task list types are available in the R/3 System?∙What is a routing group and group counter?∙What is a routing sequence, and what types of sequence are available?∙What could be reasons to use sequences?∙What are the various options to assign materials to routings?∙Under which conditions would it make sense to assign components to operations?∙What is a reference operation set?∙How could the lotsize-dependend inhouse production time be calculated and updated into the material master?Production Resources/Tools∙What types of PRT are available?∙What is the relationship between PRTs and a routing/operation? Engineering Change Management∙What are the objectives of Engineering Change Management?∙What is the significance of changes with a history?∙Which PP objects can be managed using Engineering Change Management?∙What is the purpose of an engineering change request/order?∙How is a change master record structured?∙What is a revision level compared to engineering change master?Other Issues∙Which scheduling options are available, and how do they differ from each other?∙Which time components are taken into account during scheduling?∙How are basic order dates determined?∙How are the scheduled dates determined?∙Which scheduling types are available in lead time scheduling?∙What role do reduction measures play in scheduling?∙What types of scrap can be maintained in PP basic data and how would they be considered during MRP repectively scheduling?∙What is external processing, and what conditions must be fulfilled before external processing can take place?∙What are co-products?2.Production PlanningGeneral Issues∙∙What are the dependencies between Sales and Operations Planning, Demand Management, Long-Term-Planning and Material Requirements Planning?Sales and Operations Planning∙What is the purpose of Sales and Operations Planning?∙What is the structure of product groups and how could they be used in SOP/DM/LTP/MRP?∙What is the purpose of proportion factors and aggregation factors within product groups?∙Which planning methods are available in SOP?∙Which sources are available as input data for SOP?∙Which options are available for creating a sales plan in SOP?∙Which options are available for creating an operations plan in SOP? ∙What is ‘disaggregation’?∙How could the result of SOP be passed on to different planning tools within the PP planning environment?Demand Management∙What is the purpose of Demand Management?∙At which points is Demand Management integrated with Sales and Distribution?∙Explain the main strategies in Make-to-Stock as well as in Make-to-Order planning logic. Pay attention to master data settings.∙What does consumption respectively reduction mean in the context of planning strategies?∙What role does the individual/collective requirements indicator in the material master have during make-to-order production?∙What is a stocking level, and how can it be influenced?∙Which types of availability check are available (ATP and check against planning) and what are the characteristics of these checks? ∙Explain the link between MRP group, strategy group, strategy and requirement class.∙What settings could be made in requirements classes (on PP as well as on SD side)?∙Explain the purpose of version management in Demand Management?Master Production Scheduling∙Under which circumstances would you recommend the usage of MPS?∙Compare the functionality of MPS with MRP?∙What is meant by the ‘firming’ of procurement proposals, and how can this effect be achieved?∙What is a planning time fence, and where is it defined?∙What is a manual firming date, and where is it defined?∙How can a planned order be ‘firmed’, and which firming indicators are available in a planned order?Material Requirements Planning∙What is the purpose of MRP and how does it fit into the PP planning environment?∙How would you organize MRP runs? Discuss the different options - MRP for a plant – online- MRP for a plant – in background- MRP for a material (individual planning) - online∙Which planning types are available (NEUPL, NETCH, NETPL)?∙Which planning parameters are to be set in the application itself? ∙What is the function of the planning file?∙What is meant by single-level planning, multi-level planning?∙What is meant by interactive MRP?∙What are the characteristics of an MRP scenario that is performed in simulation mode?∙What is meant by low-level code and how is it considered in MRP? ∙What is a net requirements calculation?∙Which buffers can be taken into account for the net requirements calculation in MRP (quantity buffer: safety stock, time buffer: safety time)?∙What does lot-size calculation entail?∙Which lot-sizing procedures are available in the R/3 System (static, periodic and optimizing procedures)? What are the characteristics of these lot-sizing procedures?∙How does the procurement type defined in the material master affect MRP?∙What is backward scheduling? What are the characteristics of backward scheduling?∙What is the difference between basic scheduling and lead time scheduling?∙How are the order due dates determined in basic scheduling?∙How are the order due dates determined in lead time scheduling? ∙How does the in-house production time defined in the material master affect scheduling?∙How does the scheduling margin key affect scheduling?∙How are BOMs selected in MRP? Which criteria are taken into account during BOM selection?∙What is a ‘BOM selection ID’?∙How are alternative BOMs selected?∙What is a production version?∙How are routings selected in MRP? Which criteria are taken into account during routing selection?∙What is an MRP list? What is a stock/requirements list? How are these lists structured? What are the differences between these lists?∙What is the function of exception messages?∙What are planned orders?∙What is meant by the individual/collective conversion of planned orders?∙What is meant by “days’ supply” and “receipt days’ supply”?∙How can component discontinuation be managed in MRP?3.Production Order ProcessingGeneral Issues∙What are the characteristics of work-to-order production?∙What is defined in a production order?∙What is a document type, an order category and an order type?∙What are the various elements that a production order contains?∙Which functions are executed when an order is created?∙What are the various options available for creating an order?∙Describe the system logic during routing selection?∙Describe the system logic during BOM selection?∙At which point in time are reservations generated and what information does it contain?∙Wh at can be achieved by performing the “Read master data”function?∙How could routing sequences be considered during production order creation?∙Describe the conversion of planned orders into production orders with focus on scheduling aspects?Order Release∙What happens when an order is released?∙Which operations are made possible and which are prevented when an order is released?∙What is meant by status management?∙What are business transactions?∙What are the differences between system status and user status?∙At which points in time can availability checks be performed?Which settings can be made, and which must be made? On which objects can the availability check be run?∙What is meant by machine commitment?∙What is meant by midpoint scheduling?Printing∙Which shop floor papers can be printed?∙Which print modes are available (online, update, background)?∙What does “reprinting” mean?∙Which conditions must be fulfilled before order documents can be printed?∙Which conditions must an operation fulfill before shop floor papers (and in particular confirmation slips and time tickets) can be printed? Goods Issue∙Which control indicators influence the behavior of the components in the production order (bulk material, backflush, phantomassembly, etc.)?∙What is meant by picking?∙What is meant by stock determination? Which settings have to be made for stock determination during production order processing? ∙What is a goods issue posting?∙How can goods issues be entered (reference to order, reference to reservation, unplanned, etc.)?∙What is the purpose of movement types?∙What are the effects of a goods issue posting from an integrational point of view (MM, FI, CO)?∙What is meant by the backflushing of components and how can this be achieved?Confirmation∙Which conditions must be fulfilled before confirmations can be entered?∙What is a confirmation?∙Which functions are linked to confirmations?∙Which confirmation procedures are available?∙What data can be entered during confirmations?∙What is a milestone confirmation?∙What is an unplanned milestone?∙What identifies a progress confirmation?∙What role does the control key defined in the operation play during confirmation?∙Is it possible to link a confirmation with a goods movement posting?∙What is a goods receipt?∙What are the effects of a goods receipt posting?∙What is the relevancy of the “delivery completed” indicator?∙What is the function of overdelivery/underdelivery tolerance in the material master play?Order Settlement / Archiving and Deleting∙What is meant by order settlement?∙What causes a production order to be debited/credited?∙What is the difference between prelimenary costing and actual costing?∙Which are the usual steps during order settlement?∙What means variance calculation?∙How is an order settled if the header material is a standard price material?∙At which points in time can an order be settled?∙∙How are orders archived/deleted?∙What is meant by “residence times”?Order Information Systems∙Which information systems can be used for order management?∙What are the characteristics of the order information system?∙What are variable object overviews?∙What are the special characteristics of a (multi-level) order report? ∙What is the difference between the order information system and the Shop Floor Information System?∙Which functions are available from the order progress report?Automation Options∙What options are available for automating the processing of orders?∙What role does the production scheduling profile play?∙Describe the most lean production order and the necessary settings to achieve it?∙Which functions could be executed in the mass processing?Collective Orders∙What are the characteristics of collective orders?∙How can collective orders be created? Which conditions must be fulfilled?∙What are the advantages of working with collective orders?∙Which functions can be performed on collective orders?∙How is scheduling for a complete collective order done?∙What happens if a date/quantity for an order is changed within the collective order?4.Product Cost PlanningGeneral Issues∙What is a cost element (primary/secondary)?∙What is a cost component?∙What is a cost component split?∙Explain the Costing Variant and the main settings in customizing.∙What is a costing type?∙What settings can be done in a valuation variant?∙How is a costing sheet structured?Base unit costing∙Describe base unit costing∙Which master data are required for base unit costing?∙How can results of BUC be used in further calculations?Cost estimation without quatity structure∙What is meant by quantity structure?∙Describe costing w/o quantity structure∙Which master data are required for that costing logic?Cost estimation with quantity structure∙Describe cost estimation with quatity structure∙How can the quantity structure be determined?∙What is activity based costing?∙How could results from standard cost estimation be updated into the material master?∙What happens if stock is on hand during that price update?5.Repetitive ManufacturingGeneral Issues∙What are the differences between discrete manufacturing and repetitive manufacturing?∙What are the characteristics of make-to-stock repetitivemanufacturing and make-to-order repetitive manufacturing?Master Data for Make-To-Stock RepetitiveManufacturing∙What master data are necessary in repetitive manufacturing (material master, bill of material, production line, routing)?∙- Repetitive manufacturing indicator?- Repetitive manufacturing profile?- Production versions?∙Which object is used to collect the material costs and production activities?∙What are the various options available for establishing a link between the cost collector and the production version of a material?What role doe the repetitive manufacturing profile play here?Planning Make-To-Stock Repetitive Manufacturing∙What is the planning table in repetitive manufacturing? What functions can be executed from here?Material Provision∙Describe the usage of pull list and stock determination as one of its function.∙Which other ways are available to make sure that sufficient components are provided to the shop floor?Backflush∙What does backflush mean in a repetitive manufacturing context?∙Explain the functions of final backflush.∙How can production activities be entered in the system?∙What is meant by post processing list?∙What are the advantages and disadvantages of negative stock?∙What does the reporting point backflush procedure entail?Evaluations∙Which evaluations are available?∙What is a reporting point overview?6.Logistics Information SystemData Warehouse∙What is the concept behind the Data Warehouse?∙Which individual information systems does the SAP Logistics Information System comprise?∙What data are evaluated by the information systems?∙What are info structures? What are the characteristics of info structures?∙Is there any relationship between system transaction data and the data in the info structures?∙Which reporting options are available in the SAP Information System?∙What is the difference between evaluations in LIS and evaluations on system transaction data in the PP component?Standard Analyses∙What are standard analyses?∙Which navigation options are available in standard analyses?∙Which options in standard analyses can be used to influence the way in which data is presented?∙Which analysis functions are available in standard analyses (ABC analysis, comparisons, classification, etc.)?Early Warning System∙What is an “early warning system”?∙What are the various applications for the early warning system?∙How can the early warning system be used in standard analyses? ∙What is an exception analysis?∙Which options are available for defining that an analysis should be performed at regular intervals?∙Which types of analysis are available in the early warning system (threshold value analysis, trend analysis, planned/actualcomparison)?Flexible Analyses∙What are flexible analyses? What is the difference between flexible analyses and standard analyses?∙What are evaluation structures? What are evaluations?。
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