Project2(Inventory Accounting)
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ACCA考试心得F2库存控制库存控制特性的几个ACCA考试论文的教学大纲。
这些论文的地区通常测试:确定经济订货批量(经济订购量)计算评估订购多少单位的一个特定的库存物品找到一个最优再订购水平(最佳方式)——提供一些想法可以允许水平的库存下降之前下订单讨论各种库存管理的实用角度——往往被学生没有实际经验的“理论”。
持有库存的优点和缺点理论计算的基础经济订购量和最佳的方式是有优点和缺点的库存(大或少量购买库存)。
优势包括:需要满足客户的需求利用批量折扣减少年度重新排序总成本缺点包括:存储成本资本成本绑在库存恶化、退化和盗窃背后的目的是计算经济订购量和高校是权衡这些和其它优点和缺点,并找到合适的妥协。
经济订购量在确定一次订购多少,一个组织将会认识到:随着订单数量的增加,平均库存上升,持有库存的年度总成本上升随着订单数量的增加,订单减少的数量和总年度重新订货成本减少。
年度控股和重新订货的总成本先降低,然后增加。
的成本最小化是经济订购量。
这种成本行为图如图1所示。
图1这个经济订购量的计算是基于一定的假设,包括:不断的购买价格不断的需求和不断的更换模具储存成本依赖于平均库存订单成本独立的订单数量导致的库存模式的假设,可以以图形方式如图2所示。
图2这个公式使用标准的ACCA的符号: CH =持有的库存单位成本公司成本=订购D =年度需求另外:TOC =年度重新排序总成本THC =每年总持有成本x =订单数量然后:平均库存= x / 2THC = x / 2×CH和:一年的订单数量= D / x TOC = D / x×有限公司年度总成本(受订单数量)是:C = THC + TOC = x / 2×CH +D / x×有限公司这个公式不提供考试——它需要被理解和记忆。
订单数量x的值,这个总成本最小化是经济订购量,由容易记住的公式:用经济订购量的公式你需要照顾你的数据放入公式,尤其是选择题的问题。
XXXX项目项目管理计划(PMP)当前版本: <V1.4>提交日期:<200X年XX月XX日>文档状态: <完成>/<未完成>文档信息目录1.项目概要 (PROJECT OVERVIEW) (1)1.1 项目目的(P ROJECT O BJECTIVE) (1)1.2 项目摘要(P ROJECT D ESCRIPTION) (1)1.3 参考文档 (1)2.合同承诺 (CONTRACT COMMITMENT) (2)2.1 合同基线(B ASELINE) (2)2.2 任务(T ASKS) (2)2.3 项目提交件(D ELIVERABLES) (3)2.4 项目完成标志(A CCEPTANCE) (3)2.5 术语与条件(I TEMS AND C ONDITIONS) (3)3.项目计划 (PROJECT SCHEDULE) (4)3.1 计划概要(S UMMARY S CHEDULE) (4)3.2 详细计划(WBS) (5)3.3 项目提交件计划安排(P LAN FOR D ELIVERABLE S IGN-OFF) (6)4.组织架构 (ORGANIZATION) (7)4.1 项目组织架构(P ROJECT O RGANIZATION) (7)4.2 客户组织架构(C USTOMER O RGANIZATION) (8)4.3 项目组织说明(P ROJECT T EAM O RGANIZATION R ESPONSIBILITIES) (9)4.4 项目资源安排(P ROJECT S TAFFING) (10)4.5 项目组联络(P ROJECT C OMMUNICATIONS) (11)5.项目依赖 (PROJECT DEPENDENCIES) (13)5.1 客户依赖(C USTOMER D EPENDENCIES) (13)5.2 XXX依赖(XXX D EPENDENCIES) (13)6.项目财务 (PROJECT FINANCE) (14)6.1 财务计划(P LANNED C ASH F LOW) (14)6.2 财务状况--(F INANCE U PDATE) (14)7.风险管理 (RISK CONTAINMENT) (15)8.管理控制 (MANAGEMENT CONTROL) (16)8.1 变更控制(C HANGE C ONTROL) (16)8.2 安全和资产保护(S ECURITY AND A SSET P ROTECTION) (16)8.3 项目审查及其报告(P ROJECT R EVIEW AND R EPORTING) (16)8.3.1项目审查1 (16)8.3.2项目审查2 (16)1.项目概要 (Project Overview) 1.1项目目的 (Project Objective)描述项目目标本项目是XXX价格合同。
外贸采购相关专业词汇外贸采购相关专业词汇1. 采购purchasing department / purchasing division / porcurement department 采购部2. buyer / purchaser 采购员3. quotation / quoted price 报价4. quotation / quotation invoice 报价单5. discount / rebate 回扣,折扣6. cost down 成本压缩7. cost reduction 降低成本8. deduct 扣除9. order / order sheet / order form / order blank 订单10. sample order 样品单11. purchase order (= PO) 采购单(订购单)12. place an order 下订单(place an order for sth. with .... 向....订购某物)13. open order 未结订单14. open purchase order 未结采购单15. rush order 紧急订单16. back order 欠交订单、延期交货订单17. additional order 追加订货18. sales order 销售订单19. firm planned order = FPO 确认的计划订单20. split order 分批订单21. Minimum order quantity = MOQ 最小订单量22. Fixed order quantity = FOQ 固定订货批量23. delivery schedule 交货排程24. date of delivery / delivery date 交货期25. place of delivery 交货点26. part delivery 分期交货27. short delivery交货短少28. short shipment 短装29. replacement 换货1、会议基础词汇1. meeting professional 会议专业人员2. convention center 会展中心3. conference center 会议中心4. tour operator 旅游批发商5. sponsor 发起人,主办单位,赞助商6. service contractor 服务承包商7. newsletter 时事通讯,业务通讯8. not-for-profit organization 非赢利性机构9. charitable 为慈善事业的10. public service 公益服务11. fraternal 兄弟的12. buyer 买方13. association meeting planner 社团/协会会议策划人14. corporate meeting planner 公司会议策划人15. meeting planner 会议策划人16. conference venue 会议地点17. related services 相关服务18. host 主办,招待19. Board of Directors’ meetings 董事会20. budget 预算21. on-site management 现场管理22. a for-profit business 赢利性机构23. title 头衔24. administrative assistant 行政助理25. executive secretary 执行秘书,行政秘书26. promote 促销27. required meeting 必须出席的会议28. conducive 有益于29. a full-time meeting planner 全职会议策划人30. site selection 挑选会址31. industry suppliers 会展行业的供应商32. site 会议地点,会议场所33. destinations 目的地34. food and beverage 餐饮35. hotel accommodation 酒店膳宿36. entertainment 娱乐37. town halls 市政厅,礼堂38. civic center 市府礼堂,市中心39. first tier city 一类城市40. second tier city 二类城市41. local chamber of commerce 地方商会42. telecommunication 电信43. audio visual 视听44. entertainer 演艺公司,演艺人员45. florist 花商46. event planner 事件策划人47. conference and convention contractor 会议服务承包商48. freight forwarder 货运承运商,转运商49. decorators 装饰服务商50. area supplier 当地供应商51. meeting room 会议室52. convention facility 会议设施,会议举办场所53. exposition hall 展厅54. sleeping room 客房55. meeting space rental 会议场所的租赁56. convention property 会议设施57. liaison 联络员,中间人58. marketability 可销售性二、会议进阶词汇1. attendance 与会人数2. function attendance 活动的参加人数3. break 会间休息4. session 分会5. lead time 筹会时间,提前量6. planning time 会议筹备时间7. duration 会议期限8. pre-convention 会前会9. profile of attendees 与会者概况10. SMERFA(social, military, educational, religious, fraternal,athletic首字母的缩写)指社会团体/军事机构/教育部门/宗教团体/兄弟会/运动员市场11. admission system 入场方式12. controlled admission 限制入场13. uncontrolled admission 无限制入场14. convention headquarters room 会议总部办公室15. hospitality suite 接待室16. admission policy 入场规章17. registration fee 注册费18. sponsoring organization 主办单位19. last-minute change 临时变更20. message board 留言版21. badge 徽章代表证22. directional sign 指向路标23. travel bottleneck 交通瓶颈24. packet pickup area 文件包领取处25. list of schedule events 会议活动安排表26. coupon tickets for functions 各类活动代金券27. self-adhering badge 自粘代表证28. bar coded badge 条码代表证29. directory of hotel’s service 饭店服务项目指南30. color-coding badge 彩色代表证31. admission system 会议入场方式32. controlled admission 限制入场33. uncontrolled admission 无限制入场34. ticket arrangement 票券管理35. goodwill visit 友好访问三、采购员必须掌握的英语词汇1. R&D (research&design) 研发2. APS (automated purchasing system) 自动采购系统3. CAD (computer automated design) 计算机辅助设计4. EDI (electronic data interchange) 电子数据交换系统5. ERP (enterprise resource planning) 企业资源计划6. ANX (automotive network exchange) 自动网络交换7. CPO (chief procurement officers) 采购总监8. CPE (collaborative planning and execution) 合作计划和执行9. TCA (total cost of acquisition) 总获取成本10. CPFR (collaborative,planning,forecasting,replenishment) 合作,计划,预测,补充11. SCM (supply chain management) 供应链管理12. VMI (vendor managed inventory) 卖方管理库存13. VMR (vendor managed replenishment) 卖方管理补货14. SCOR (supply chain operations reference) 供应链管理指南15. LEW (least ex works) 最小离岸价16. MOM (markup over coat model) 成本变动17. 3PL (third party logistics) 第三方后勤服务18. MRP (material requirements planning) 物料需求计划19. CIO (computer information officers) 信息主管20. PDCA (plan-do-check action cycle) 计划-实施-检查循环四、钱在英语中的二十六种使用方法1.bad money 无利可图的钱2.bank money 银行票据3.blood money 抚恤金4.boot money 企业赞助体育的钱5.call money 活期存款6.cheap money 低息借款7.dear money 高息借款8.dark money 加班费9.earnest money 定金10.fairy money 捡的钱11.folding money 纸币12.front money 预会金五、常见职务、职位英文译名Accounting Assistant 会计助理Accounting Clerk 记帐员Accounting Manager 会计部经理Accounting Stall 会计部职员Accounting Supervisor 会计主管Administration Manager 行政经理Administration Staff 行政人员Administrative Assistant 行政助理Administrative Clerk 行政办事员Advertising Staff 广告工作人员Airlines Sales Representative 航空公司定座员Airlines Staff 航空公司职员Application Engineer 应用工程师Assistant Manager 副经理Bond Analyst 证券分析员Bond Trader 证券交易员Business Controller 业务主任Business Manager 业务经理Buyer 采购员Cashier 出纳员Chemical Engineer 化学工程师Civil Engineer 土木工程师Clerk/Receptionist 职员/接待员Clerk Typist & Secretary 文书打字兼秘书Computer Data Input Operator 计算机资料输入员Computer Engineer 计算机工程师Computer Processing Operator 计算机处理操作员Computer System Manage r计算机系统部经理Copywriter 广告文字撰稿人Deputy General Manager 副总经理Economic Research Assistant 经济助究助理Electrical Engineer 电气工程师Engineering Technician 工程技术员English Instructor/Teacher 英语教师Export Sales Manager 外销部经理Export Sales Staff 外销部职员Financial Controller 财务主任Financial Reporter 财务报告人F.X. (Foreign Exchange)Clerk 外汇部职员F.X. Settlement Clerk 外汇部核算员Fund Manager 财务经理General Auditor 审计长General Manager/ President 总经理General Manager Assistant 总经理助理General Manager's Secretary 总经理秘书Hardware Engineer(计算机)硬件工程师Import Liaison Staff 进口联络员Import Manager 进口部经理Insurance Actuary 保险公司理赔员International Sales Staff 国际销售员Interpreter 口语翻译Legal Adviser 法律顾问Line Supervisor 生产线主管Maintenance Engineer 维修工程师Management Consultant 管理顾问Manager 经理Manager for Public Relations 公关部经理Manufacturing Engineer 制造工程师Manufacturing Worker 生产员工Market Analyst 市场分析员Market Development Manager 市场开发部经理Marketing Manager 市场销售部经理Marketing Staff 市场销售员Marketing Assistant 销售助理Marketing Executive 销售主管Marketing Representative 销售代表Marketing Representative Manager 市场调研部经理Mechanical Engineer 机械工程师Mining Engineer 采矿工程师Music Teacher 音乐教师Naval Architect 造船工程师Office Assistant 办公室助理Office Clerk 职员Operational Manager 业务经理Package Designer 包装设计师Passenger Reservation Staff 乘客票位预订员Personnel Clerk人事部职员Personnel Manager 人事部经理Plant/ Factory Manager 厂长Postal Clerk 邮政人员Private Secretary 私人秘书Product Manager 生产部经理Production Engineer 产品工程师Professional Staff 专业人员Programmer 电脑程序设计师Project Staff (项目)策划人员Promotional Manager 推售部经理Proof-reader 校对员Purchasing Agent 采购(进货)员Quality Control Engineer 质量管理工程师Real Estate Staff 房地产职员Recruitment Co-ordinator 招聘协调人Regional Manger 地区经理Research&.Development Engineer 研究开发工程师Restaurant Manager 饭店经理Sales and Planning Staff 销售计划员Sales Assistant 销售助理Sales Clerk 店员、售货员Sales Coordinator 销售协调人Sales Engineer 销售工程师Sales Executive 销售主管Sales Manager 销售部经理Salesperson 销售员Seller Representative 销售代表Sales Supervisor 销售监管School Registrar 学校注册主任Secretarial Assistant 秘书助理Secretary 秘书Securities Custody Clerk 保安人员Security Officer 安全人员Senior Accountant 高级会计Senior Consultant/Adviser 高级顾问Senior Employee 高级雇员Senior Secretary 高级秘书Service Manager 服务部经理Simultaneous Interpreter 同声传译员Software Engineer (计算机)软件工程师Supervisor 监管员Systems Adviser 系统顾问Systems Engineer 系统工程师Systems Operator 系统操作员Technical Editor 技术编辑Technical Translator 技术翻译Technical Worker 技术工人Telecommunication Executive 电讯(电信)员Telephonist / Operator 电话接线员、话务员Tourist Guide 导游Trade Finance Executive 贸易财务主管Trainee Manager 培训部经理Translation Checker 翻译核对员Translator 翻译员Trust Banking Executive 银行高级职员Typist 打字员Wordprocessor Operator文字处理操作员六、办公室英语之餐桌礼仪1) As soon as the hostess picks up her napkin(餐巾), pickyours up and lay it on your lap. Sometimes a roll of bread is wrapped in it; if so, toke it our and put it on your side plate.2) The Soup CourseDinner usually begins with soup. The largest spoon at your place is the soup spoon. It will be beside your plate at the right-hand side.3) The Fish CourseIf there is a fish course, it will probably follow the soup. There may bea special fork for the fish, or it may be similar to the meat fork. Often it is smaller.4) The Meat CourseThe main Course is usually served by the host himself, especially if it is a fowl(鸡禽) or a roast which need to be carved. He will often ask each guest what piece he prefers, and it is quite proper to state your preference as to lean or fat, dark(红肉) or light(白肉).5) Using Knife and ForkIf you have English and American friends you will notice a few differences in their customs of eating. For the main or meat curse, the English keep the fork in the left hand, point curved downward, and bring the food to the mouth either by sticking the points onto it or in the case of soft vegetables, by placing it firmly on the fork in this position with the knife. Americans carve the meat in the same position, then lay down the knife and taking the fork in the right hand with the point turned up, push it under a small piece of food without the help of the knife and bring it to the moth right-side-up.6) Helping Yourself and RefusingIf a servant passes food around, he will pass the dish in atyour left hand so that you can conveniently serve yourself with your right hand. Never serve yourself while the dish is on your right; it is then the turn of your neighbor on the right. It is polite to take some of everything that is passed to you. But if there is something you may not like, you may quietly say: "No thank you."7) Second HelpingsThe hostess may or may not ask if you would like a second helping, according to the formality of the meal. If she does and you accept it, you should pass your plate to her or to the servant with the knife and fork still lying on it.8) The Salad CourseA salad is eaten with a fork only held in the right hand with points turned up. There is usually a special one for the salad, a little smallerthan the meat fork.9) Bread and ButterBread is taken in the fingers and laid on the side plate or the edge of the large plate, it is never take with a fork. Butter is taken from the butter dish with the butter knife and placed on the side plate, not on one's bread.10) Other Things on the TableWhen there are things on the middle of the table, such as bread, butter, jelly, pickles, nits, candies, you should not take any until the hostess ahs suggested that they be passed.11) Leaving the TableIt is impolite for a guest to leave the table during a meal, or before the hostess gives the signal at the end. When the hostess indicates that the dinner is over, she will start to rise from her seat and all the guests she rise from theirs at the same time.12) Various rules and SuggestionsSit up straight on your chair;Do not put much food in your mouth at a time;Drink only when there is no food in your mouth;Try not to get into your mouth anything that will have to be taken out; Do not make any nose when you eat;Do not clean your teeth at the table or anywhere in public, either with your finger or a tooth pick(牙签), not even with you tongue.13.glove money 贿赂14.good money 有利可图的钱15.hard money 价格比较稳定的钱(例如人民币,在亚洲经济中的作用)16.hot money 短期流动资金17.hush money 赌别人嘴的钱18.pill money 零花钱(pocket money/pin money)19.push money 提成20.ready money 现金21.seed money 本钱,本金22.silly money 来路不明的钱23.smart money 了解内情的人24.table money 餐费25.tall money 大笔的财富26.trust money 委托金外贸采购询盘常用英语口语May I have an idea of your prices?可以了解一下你们的价格吗?Can you give me an indication of price?你能给我一个估价吗?Please let us know your lowest possible prices for the relevant goods.请告知你们有关商品的最低价。
Microsoft Project中的成本管理本文从项目成本的估计、计算和跟踪三个方面介绍Microsoft Project中的成本管理。
1. 估计项目总成本在Project中可以使用下列三种方法之一来估计项目总成本:自下而上的估计:输入资源的基准费率或每次使用成本以及各项任务的固定成本,然后让Project计算出资源、任务和整个项目的总成本。
这种方法也称为自下而上的估计,能得出准确而可靠的结果。
自上而下的估计:根据以往的经验和过去类似的项目,输入资源、任务和项目的总体成本。
这种方法(称为自上而下的估计)易于完成,但通常准确性不如自下而上的估计方法。
参数建模方法:使用参数建模方法,即基于数学模型中的项目特征(参数)来预测成本。
模型既可以简单(例如,使用每平方米的成本来估计住宅建造的总成本)也可以复杂(例如,使用多个因素估计住宅建造的总成本,如楼层、窗户和门的数量)。
对于复杂的参数模型,可以使用Microsoft Excel进行计算,然后将成本估计导入到Project 中。
而对于使用简单公式(例如计算每平方米成本的公式)的模型,则可以使用Project 的公式功能。
2. 计算项目成本使用Project您可以评估并跟踪项目的基本成本信息。
可以使用几种不同类型的成本,而Project 可以在项目进行过程中为您计算这些成本。
Project 允许使用的成本由于成本是项目日程排定和控制的一个重要方面,Project 提供了几种不同类型的成本。
使用Project,您可以输入和跟踪以下类型的成本:基于费率的成本:根据为资源指定的费率和已完成工时量计算的成本每次使用成本:在每次使用资源时发生的成本,或特定任务中发生的一次性成本固定成本:为任务设定的保持不变的成本,无论任务工期长短或资源工作的工时多少,该成本均保持不变可以为资源输入几种成本。
例如,为工时输入每小时费率,但为出差时间输入固定费率。
根据资源是工时资源(人员或设备)还是材料资源,不同类型成本的计算方式不同。
工廠常用英語翻譯(機械、模具。
) 一、组织机构及职位总经理办公室General manager’s office模具部Tooling department项目部Project department品质部Quality department计划部 Plan department制造部Manufacture departmentKeypad产品部Keypad departmentIMD 产品部 IMD department五金部 Metal stamping department设计科 Design section冲压车间 Stamping workshop电镀车间 Plating workshop物控科 Production material control section计划科 Plan section仓务科 Warehouse section商务科 Business section品质规划科 quality plan sectionIQC科 IQC sectionIPQC科 IPQC sectionOQC科 OQC section检测中心 measurement center项目规划科 Project plan section项目XX科 Project section XX试模科 Mold test section成本科 Cost section设备科 Facility section采购科 Purchase section综合办 General affairs office编程科 Programming section模具工程科 Tooling engineering section 模具装配车间Mold assembly workshop文控中心 Document control center (DCC)注塑车间Injection workshop喷涂车间 Spray painting workshop装配车间Assembly workshop总经理General manager (GM)经理managerXX部门经理Manager of XX department原料库 Raw material warehouse半成品库 Semi-finished product warehouse 成品库 Finished product warehouse科长 section chief主任 chief部门主管 department head主管, 线长supervisor组长Foreman, forelady秘书secretary文员clerk操作员operator助理assistant职员staff二、产品超声波焊接ultrasonic welding 塑胶件 Plastic parts塑材 Raw parts喷涂件 Painted parts装配件 Assembly parts零件 Component原料 Raw material油漆 Paint稀释剂 Thinner油墨 Ink物料编号part number三、模具注塑模具injection mold冲压模具Stamping tool模架mold base定模座板Fixed clamp plate A板A plateB板B plate支承板 support plate方铁 spacer plate回位销 Return pin导柱 Guide pin动模座板Moving clamp plate 顶针ejector pin单腔模具single cavity mold 多腔模具multi-cavity mold 浇口gate合模力clamping force锁模力locking force开裂crack循环时间cycle time老化aging螺杆screw镶件 Insert主流道 sprue分流道runner浇口gate直浇口 direct gate点浇口pin-point gate测浇口edge gate潜伏浇口submarine gate浇口套sprue bush流道板runner plate排气槽vent分型线(面)parting line 定模Fixed mold动模movable mold型腔cavity凹模cavity plate,凸模core plate斜销angle pin滑块slide拉料杆sprue puller定位环locating ring脱模斜度draft滑动型芯slide core螺纹型芯threaded core热流道模具hot-runner mold 熔合纹weld line三板式模具three plate mold脱模ejection脱模剂release agent注射能力shot capacity注射速率injection rate注射压力injection pressure保压时间holding time闭模时间closing time电加工设备Electron Discharge Machining数控加工中心CNC machine center万能铁床Universal milling machine平面磨床Surface grinding machine万能摇臂钻床Universal radial movable driller 立式钻床Vertical driller倒角chamfer键Key键槽keyway间距pitch快速成型模Rapid prototype tool (RPT)四、品管SPC statistic process control品质保证Quality Assurance(QA)品质控制Quality control(QC)来料检验IQC Incoming quality control巡检IPQC In-process quality control校对calibration环境试验Environmental test光泽gloss拉伸强度tensile strength盐雾实验salt spray test翘曲warp比重specific gravity疲劳fatigue撕裂强度tear strength缩痕sink mark耐久性durability抽样sampling样品数量sample sizeAQL Acceptable Quality level 批量lot size抽样计划sampling plan抗张强度 Tensile Strength抗折强度 Flexural Strength硬度 Rigidity色差 Color Difference涂镀层厚度 Coating Thickness 导电性能 Electric Conductivity 粘度 viscosity附着力 adhesion耐磨 Abrasion resistance尺寸 Dimension(喷涂)外观问题 Cosmetic issue不合格品 Non-conforming product限度样板 Limit sample五、生产注塑机injection machine冲床Punch machine嵌件注塑 Insert molding双色注塑 Double injection molding薄壁注塑 Thin wall molding膜内注塑 IMD molding ( In-mold decoration)移印 Tampo printing丝印 Silk screen printing热熔 Heat staking超声熔接 Ultrasonic welding (USW)尼龙nylon黄铜 brass青铜 bronze紫(纯)铜 copper料斗hopper麻点pit配料compounding涂层coating飞边flash缺料 Short mold烧焦 Burn mark缩水 Sink mark气泡 Bubbles破裂 Crack熔合线 Welding line 流痕 Flow mark银条 Silver streak黑条 Black streak表面光泽不良 Lusterless表面剥离 Pelling翘曲变形 Deformation脏圬 Stain mark油污 Oil mark蓝黑点 Blue-black mark顶白 Pin mark拉伤 Scratch限度样品 Limit sample最佳样品 Golden sample预热preheating再生料recycle material机械手 Robot机器人 Servo robot试生产 Trial run; Pilot run (PR)量产 mass production切料头 Degate产能 Capacity能力 Capability参数 Parameter二次加工 Secondary process六.物控保质期shelf lifeABC分类法ABC Classification装配Assembly平均库存Average Inventory批号Batch Number批量生产Mass Production提货单Bill of Lading物料清单Bill of Material采购员Buyer检查点Check Point有效日期Date Available修改日期Date Changed结束日期Date Closed截止日期Date Due生产日期Date in Produced库存调整日期Date Inventory Adjust 作废日期D ate Obsolete收到日期Date Received交付日期Date Released需求日期Date Required需求管理Demand Management需求Demand工程变更生效日期Engineering Change Effect Date呆滞材料分析Excess Material Analysis完全跟踪Full Pegging在制品库存In Process Inventory投入/产出控制Input/ Output Control检验标识Inspection ID库存周转率Inventory Carry Rate准时制生产Just-in-time (JIT)看板Kanban人工工时Labor Hour最后运输日期Last Shipment Date提前期Lead Time负荷Loading仓位代码Location Code仓位状况Location Status批量标识Lot ID批量编号Lot Number批量Lot Size机器能力Machine Capacity机器加载Machine Loading制造周期时间Manufacturing Cycle Time制造资源计划Manufacturing Resource Planning (MRP II)物料成本Material Cost物料发送和接收Material Issues and Receipts物料需求计划Material Requirements Planning (MRP)现有库存量On-hand Balance订单输入Order Entry零件批次Part Lot零件编号Part Number (P/N)零件Part领料单Picking List领料/提货Picking产品控制Product Control产品线Production Line采购订单跟踪Purchase Order Tracking需求量Quantity Demand毛需求量Quantity Gross安全库存量Safety Stock在制品Work in Process零库存Zero Inventories七.QS-9000中的术语APQP Advanced Product Quality Planning and Control Plan,产品质量先期策划和控制计划PPAP Production Part Approval Process,生产件批准程序FMEA Potential Failure Mode and Effects Analysis,潜在失效模式及后果分析MSA Measure System Analysis,测量系统分析SPC Statistical Process Control,统计过程控制审核 Audit能力 Capability能力指数 Capability Indices控制计划 Control Plans纠正措施 Corrective Action文件 Documentation作业指导书 Standard operation procedure (SOP); Work instruction 不合格品 Nonconformance不合格 Nonconformity每百万零件不合格数 Defective Parts Per Million, DPPM预防措施 Preventive Action程序Procedures过程流程图 Process Flow Diagram, Process Flow Chart 质量手册Quality Manual质量计划 Quality Plan质量策划 Quality Planning质量记录Quality Records原始数据Raw Data反应计划Reaction Plan返修Repair返工Rework现场Site分承包方Subcontractors产品product质量quality质量要求quality requirement顾客满意customer satisfaction质量管理体系quality management system 质量方针quality policy质量目标quality objective质量管理quality management质量控制quality control质量保证quality assurance组织organization顾客customer供方supplier过程process服务service设计与开发design and development:特性characteristic可追溯性trace ability合格conformity缺陷defect纠正correction让步concession放行release报废scrap规范specification检验inspection试验test验证verificatio评审review测量measurement普通原因Common Cause均值Mean极差Range稳定性Stability计量型数据Variables Data变差Variation重复性Repeatability再现性Reproducibility稳定性Stability线性Linearity分辨率Resolution过程更改Process change质量功能展开QFD外观项目Appearance Item初始过程能力Preliminary Process Capability材料清单Bill of Material设计确认Design Validation设计验证Design Verification八.常用缩略词语OEM Original Equipment ManufacturerANOVA 方差分析法 Analysis of VarianceDFMEA 设计失效模式及后果分析 Design Failure Mode and Effects AnalysisDOE 试验设计 Design of ExperimentGR&R 量具的重复性和再现性Gage Repeatability and ReproducibilityPFMEA 过程失效模式及后果分析Process Failure Mode and Effect AnalysisQSR 质量体系要求Quality System RequirementQFD 质量功能展开 Quality Function DeploymentBOM 物料清单 Bill of MaterialCpk 稳定过程的能力指数 Capability for stable process LCL 下控制限 Lower Control LimitUCL 上控制限 Upper Control LimitLSL 工程规范下限 Lower Specification LimitX(—)--R图 均值一极差图 Average-Range Chart防错(POKA-YOKE)Mistake ProofingETA 预计到达 Estimate to be arrivePO 定单 Purchase orderM/C 机器 machineRFQ 报价需求 Request for quotationMFI 熔融流动指数 Melt flow indexFAI 全尺寸检测报告 First article inspectionCOC 材质证明 Certificate of complianceALT 加速老化试验 Accelerated life testCRR 承认书 Component review reportOT 加班 Over timeCAP 矫正计划 Corrective action planR&D 研发 Research and DevelopmentASAP 尽快 As soon as possibleECN工程更改通知Engineering change noticeDCN 设计更改通知 Design change noticeOTD 准时交货 On time delivery九.通用词语确保 ensure构想 construct会签 con-sign功能 Function机构 organization外观 appearance适用 apply to作业流程 Operation flow附件 attachment商务人员 business personnel汇总 summarize指定相关人员 designated personnel新产品开发说明会 new product development explanation meeting拟定 Prepare委托 entrust认证 qualify电子档 Soft copy3D文件 3D database移转 Transfer执行 ConductXXX申请单 XXX Application form客户要求 Customer requirement启动 Kick off评估 Evaluation作业员 Operator批准, 承认 Approval合同评审 Contract review可靠性 Reliability相关的 Relevan程序 Procedure制程 Process流程图 Flow chart产品 Product生产 Production资材 Logistics责任 Responsibility跟进 Follow-up交付 Delivery汇总 Summarize外协加工 subcontract指定相关人员 designated personnel。
2023 ACCA APM(P2)知识点总结
概述
本文档旨在总结2023年ACCA APM(P2)知识点,提供一份
简明扼要的参考资料。
知识点总结
以下是2023 ACCA APM(P2)的重要知识点总结:
1. 经营绩效评估:了解经营绩效评估的概念、目的和相关指标,如ROI、ROCE等。
2. 预算控制系统:掌握预算控制系统的组成和运作方式,包括
预算制定、执行和监控。
3. 高级预算技术:了解高级预算技术,如零基预算和活动基预算,以及其在组织中的应用。
4. 管理信息系统:熟悉管理信息系统的概念和功能,包括数据
收集、处理和报告。
5. 风险管理:掌握风险管理的原则和方法,了解风险评估、风
险规避和风险转移等策略。
6. 决策分析:了解决策分析的工具和技术,如成本-效益分析、灵敏度分析和风险分析。
7. 组织结构和控制:熟悉组织结构和控制的原则和方法,了解
不同类型的组织结构和权力分配。
8. 企业伦理:了解企业伦理的概念和重要性,包括诚信、责任
和可持续发展等方面。
9. 绩效评估和奖励:掌握绩效评估和奖励的原则和方法,包括
目标设定、绩效评估和奖励方案设计。
10. 财务策略和风险:了解财务策略和风险管理的关系,以及
在制定财务策略时要考虑的风险因素。
结论
本文档为2023年ACCA APM(P2)知识点的简要总结,提供
了一份参考资料。
在备考和学习过程中,建议深入研究每个知识点,加强复习和练习,以提高通过ACCA APM(P2)考试的准备水平。
ERP 系統各模組中英文名稱一.業務模組1. Order manager 出貨管理2. Purchase order采購﹑進貨管理二.制造模組1.Bill of list 材料用表管理2.Work in process工單﹑制造管理3. Material resource planning 物料需求管理4. Inventory庫存管理5. Cost 成本管理6. Engineering 研發材料管理7. Production management system績效管理三.財務模組1.固定資產Fix asset2.應付帳款作業Account payable3.應收帳款作業Account receivable4.總帳作業General ledger名模組常用功能1.OM模組一.訂單Orders二.出貨Delivery2.PO模組一.報價Price list二.請購Requisition二.采購Purchase3.BOM模組一.物料清單Materiel muster二.生產流程Produce flow三.標准工時4.ENG模組工程變更Engineering instead5.INV模組一.采購收料Receiving inspection二.調倉Subinventory transfer三.雜收雜發Miscellaneous issue miscellaneous receipt四.倉庫盤點Suppliers inventory五.調帳Corporate6.WIP模組一.工單開立Wip key user二.發料退料Issue return三.報廢Inventory scarp四.成本計算Cost calculate7.Cost模組成本結構8.MRP模組一.采購計划Purchase plan二.生產計划Produce plan9.PMS模組一.生產日報表Produce reports二.生產績效報表Produce performance 10.GL模組一.科目設定Subject二.對帳Checkage三.財務報表Finance reports11.AR模組收款作業Gathering12. AP模組付款作業Payment13. FA模組一. 請購Requisition二. 減損Retirement三. 移轉Devolve各模組內容之常用功能AP模組地點場所Site等於Amount帳目Account描述Description付款方法Payment method付現Check電匯ElectronicBOM模組領料方式Supply存放倉庫Sub inventory領料扣帳Push入庫扣帳Assembly pull過站扣帳Operation pull虛擬料件Phantom他建新的Department描述說明Description制造地點Location失效日期Inactive on直接人Resource人工Person外包Miscellaneous機器Machine計算方式Basis已分攤科目Absorption account差異科目Variation account所花的標准工進Usage人工小時所完成的料件Inverse物料清單Bill of material制造設計RoutingAR模組建立與客戶之間交易資料Profile transaction建立客戶之信用額資料Profile amount應收帳款會計科目Receivable銷貨收入會計科目Revenue銷項稅額會計科目Tax外銷運費會計科目FreightSO號Reference出貨日期Date立帳日期GL date客戶編號Number到期日期Due date暫收金額Net receipt amount銀行手續費用Bank charges沖帳金額Amount applied來源Source月份Period傳票號碼Document number會計科目Account借發Debit待發CreditFA模組資產類別Category有效的Enable折舊Capitalize盤點In physical inventory使用年限Life yearsINV 模組表示在開發設計過程中的﹐尚未投入生產的物料。
project和p3的优缺点是什么?有什么不同2006-10-31 11:36:00 Project2002的弱点:
1)依然是check-in/out 式交互的应用程序
2)弱的WBS (不符合PMI标准)
3)没有EPS
4)弱的项目或者(Portfolio)项目组合 NPV (净现值)分析
5)多用户 (客户端/服务器) 在项目级锁定时处理(不是真正的多用户)6)没有真正的角色或技能方面的视图
7)在应用程序级别进行权限管理
8)仅仅应用在 SQL Server 2000上
9)制造商没有致力于项目管理专业
10)销售力量尚不能达到企业级别的销售
11)不是一个企业级的解决方案
Primavera的主要优势:
1)真正的专门的行业标准级的项目管理软件
2)满足整个项目组的需求,而不是仅仅满足项目经理的需求
3)含盖项目管理成熟度的所有层次
4)提供企业项目管理的可测量性工具
5)真正的多用户环境
6)基于行业的需求,经常对软件进行改进
7)非常灵活的权限管理机制
8)有专业的经验丰富的项目管理咨询服务团队(PSP)
9)出众的进度计算和费用管理功能
10)经验方法库而不是简单的项目模板
11)更好的报表功能
12)可与其他企业管理系统( Oracle & SAP R/3 )无间隙集成。
prince2知识点Prince2(PRojects IN Controlled Environments)是一种用于项目管理的方法论,它提供了一套结构化的工具和技术,帮助项目团队有效地规划、执行和控制项目。
在Prince2方法论中,有许多重要的知识点需要掌握。
以下是其中几个关键的知识点:1. Prince2的七个原则:Prince2方法论的基础是七个原则,这些原则包括:明确的业务目标、学习经验、定义角色和职责、管理阶段、管理例外、可控的阶段界限、适用性。
这些原则帮助项目团队确保项目按时、按质、按成本交付。
2. Prince2的七个流程:Prince2方法论定义了七个流程,每个流程都涵盖了项目的不同阶段或活动。
这些流程包括项目启动、项目方案、项目计划、项目执行、阶段控制、产品交付和项目收尾。
每个流程都有明确的输入、输出和活动,使项目团队能够有效地管理项目。
3. Prince2的角色和职责:Prince2方法论明确定义了项目团队的各种角色和职责。
其中包括项目经理、项目委员会、项目委员会主席、质量保证经理、项目支持等。
每个角色都有明确的职责和权力,确保项目在合适的方向上发展。
4. 风险管理:Prince2强调风险管理的重要性。
项目团队需要首先识别项目可能面临的风险,然后评估其影响和概率。
接下来,制定相应的应对策略,并监控和控制风险的实施情况。
这样可以最大限度地减少项目风险并提高项目成功的可能性。
5. 项目计划:Prince2鼓励项目团队制定详细的项目计划,包括阶段计划和产品计划。
阶段计划将项目分成若干个可控制的阶段,并定义每个阶段的目标、活动和交付物。
产品计划则详细说明每个产品的开发和交付时间表。
通过掌握以上几个关键的知识点,项目团队能够更好地运用Prince2方法论来管理和控制项目。
这将有助于提高项目的整体效率,降低风险,并最终实现项目成功。
各种职位的英文翻译各种职位的英文翻译qa是英文quality assurance 的简称,中文含义是质量保证;qc是英文quality control的简称,中文含义是质量控制。
IPQC是过程检验工程师JQE是品质工程师DQA是设计品保工程师SQE供货商管理工程师Administration(行政部分)Administrative Director 行政主管File Clerk 档案管理员Executive Assistant 行政助理Office Manager 办公室经理Executive Secretary 行政秘书Receptionist 接待员General Office Clerk 办公室文员Secretary 秘书Inventory Control Analyst 存货控制分析Staff Assistant 助理Mail Room Supervisor 信件中心管理员Stenographer 速记员Order Entry Clerk 订单输入文员Telephone Operator 电话操作员Shipping/Receiving Expediter 收发督导员Ticket Agent 票务代理Vice-President of Administration 行政副总裁Typist 打字员Executive and Managerial(管理部分)Retail Store Manager 零售店经理Food Service Manager 食品服务经理Executive Marketing Director 市场行政总监HMO Administrator 医疗保险管理Assistant Store Manager 商店经理助理Operations Manager 操作经理Assistant Vice-President 副总裁助理Production Manager 生产经理Chief Executive Officer(CEO) 首席执行官Property Manager 房地产经理Chief Operations Officer(COO) 首席运营官Branch Manager 部门经理Controller(International) 国际监管Claims Examiner 主考官Director of Operations 运营总监Controller(General) 管理员Field Assurance Coordinator 土地担保协调员General Manager 总经理Management Consultant 管理顾问District Manager 市区经理Hospital Administrator 医院管理President 总统Import/Export Manager 进出口经理Product Manager 产品经理Insurance Claims Controller 保险认领管理员Program Manager 程序管理经理Insurance Coordinator 保险协调员Project Manager 项目经理Inventory Control Manager 库存管理经理Regional Manager 区域经理Manager(Non-Profit and Charities) 非盈利性慈善机构管理Service Manager 服务经理Manufacturing Manager 制造业经理Vending Manager 售买经理Telecommunications Manager 电信业经理Vice-President 副总裁Transportation Manager 运输经理Warehouse Manager 仓库经理Education and Library Science(教育部分)Daycare Worker 保育员ESL Teacher 第二外语教师Developmental Educator 发展教育家Head Teacher 高级教师Foreign Language Teacher 外语教师Librarian 图书管理员Guidance Counselor 指导顾问Music Teacher 音乐教师Library Technician 图书管理员Nanny 保姆Physical Education Teacher 物理教师Principal 校长School Psychologist 心理咨询教师Teacher 教师Special Needs Educator 特种教育家Teacher Aide 助理教师Art Instructor 艺术教师Computer Teacher 计算机教师College Professor 大学教授Coach 教练员Assistant Dean of Students 助理训导长Archivist 案卷保管员Vocational Counselor 职业顾问Tutor 家教、辅导教师Auditor 审计师Accountant 会计员,会计师Administration Assistant 行政助理Administrator 行政主管Assistant Manager 副经理Assistant Production Manager 副厂长Business Manager 业务经理Cashier 出纳员Chief Accountant 总会计主任Chief Engineer 总工程师Civil Engineer 土木工程师Clerk 文员(文书)Electrical Engineer 电气工程师Executive Director 行政董事Executive Secretary 行政秘书Financial Controller 财务总监Foreman 领班,组长General manager 总经理Junior clerk 低级文员(低级职员)Manager 经理Marketing Executive 市场部主任Marketing Manager 市场部经理Marketing Officer 市场部办公室主任Mechanical Engineer 机械工程师Merchandiser 买手(商人)Messenger 信差(邮递员)Office Assistant 写字楼助理(办事员)Plant Manager 厂长Production Manager 厂长Quality Controller 品质控制员(质量检查员)Receptionist 接线生(接线员)Sales Engineer 销售工程师Sales Executive 销售主任Sales Manager 销售经理Sales Representative 营业代表Salesman 推销员Secretary 秘书Senior Clerk 高级文员(高级职员)Skilled Worker 熟练技工Sub-Manager 副经理Supervisor 主管Surveyor 测量员Telex Operator 电传机操作员Translator 翻译员Typist 打字员1.MAKETING AND SALES(市场与销售部分)Vice-President of Sales 销售副总裁Senior Customer Manager 高级客户经理Sales Manager 销售经理Regional Sales Manager 地区销售经理Procurement Manager 采购经理Procurement Agency 采购代办所Sales Assistant 销售助理Wholesale Buyer 批发采购员Tele-Interviewer 电话调查员Real Estate Appraiser 房地产评估师Marketing Consultant 市场顾问Marketing and Sales Director 市场与销售总监Market Research Analyst 市场调查分析员Manufacturer’s Representative 厂家代表Director of Subsidiary Rights 分公司权利总监Sales Representative 销售代表Assistant Customer Executive 客户管理助理Marketing Intern 市场实习Marketing Director 市场总监Insurance Agent 保险代理人Customer Manager 客户经理Vice-President of Marketing 市场副总裁Regional Customer Manager 地区客户经理Sales Administrator 销售主管Telemarketing Director 电话销售总监Telemarketer 电话销售员Sales Executive 销售执行者Marketing Assistant 市场助理Retail Buyer 零售采购员Real Estate Manager 房地产经理Real Estate Broker 房地产经纪人Purchasing Agent 采购代理Product Developer 产品开发Marketing Manager 市场经理Advertising Coordinator 广告协调员Advertising Assistant 广告助理Ad Copywriter(Direct Mail) 广告文撰写人Customer Representative 客户代表PETER AND MATHEMATICS(计算机部分) Manager of Network Administration 网络管理经理MIS Manager 电脑部经理Project Manager 项目经理Technical Engineer 技术工程师Developmental Engineer 开发工程师Systems Programmer 系统程序员Administrator 局域网管理员Operations Analyst 操作分析Computer Operator 电脑操作员Product Support Manager 产品支持经理Computer Operations Supervisor 电脑操作主管Director of Information Services 信息服务主管Systems Engineer 系统工程师Applications Programmer 应用软件程序员Information Analyst 信息分析LAN Systems Analyst 系统分析Statistician 统计员3.HUMAN RESOURCES(人力资源部分)Director of Human Resources 人力资源总监Assistant Personnel Officer 人事助理Compensation Manager 薪酬经理Employment Consultant 招募顾问Facility Manager 后勤经理Job Placement Officer 人员配置专员Labor Relations Specialist 劳动关系专员Recruiter 招聘人员Training Specialist 培训专员Vice-President of Human Resources 人力资源副总裁Assistant Vice-President of Human Resources 人力资源副总裁助理Personnel Manager 职员经理Benefits Coordinator 员工福利协调员Employer Relations Representative 员工关系代表Personnel Consultant 员工顾问Training Coordinator 培训协调员4 EXECUTIVE AND MANAGERIAL(管理部分)Chief Executive Officer(CEO) 首席执行官Director of Operations 运营总监Vice-President 副总裁Branch Manager 部门经理Retail Store Manager 零售店经理HMO Product Manager 产品经理Operations Manager 操作经理Assistant Vice-President 副总裁助理Field Assurance Coordinator 土地担保协调员Management Consultant 管理顾问District Manager 市区经理Hospital Administrator 医院管理Import/Export Manager 进出口经理Insurance Claims Controller 保险认领管理员Program Manager 程序管理经理Insurance Coordinator 保险协调员Project Manager 项目经理Inventory Control Manager 库存管理经理Regional Manager 区域经理Chief Operations Officer(COO) 首席运营官General Manager 总经理Executive Marketing Director 市场行政总监Controller(International) 国际监管Food Service Manager 食品服务经理Production Manager 生产经理Administrator 医疗保险管理Property Manager 房地产经理Claims Examiner 主考官Controller(General) 管理员Service Manager 服务经理Manufacturing Manager 制造业经理Vending Manager 售买经理Telecommunications Manager 电信业经理Transportation Manager 运输经理Warehouse Manager 仓库经理Assistant Store Manager 商店经理助理Advertising Manager 广告经理Travel Agent 旅行代办员Salesperson 销售员Accounting Assistant 会计助理Accounting Clerk 记帐员Accounting Manager 会计部经理Accounting Stall 会计部职员Accounting Supervisor 会计主管Administration Manager 行政经理Administration Staff 行政人员Administrative Assistant 行政助理Administrative Clerk 行政办事员Airlines Sales Representative 航空公司定座员Airlines Staff 航空公司职员Application Engineer 应用工程师Assistant Manager 副经理Bond Analyst 证券分析员Bond Trader 证券交易员Business Controller 业务主任Business Manager 业务经理Buyer 采购员Cashier 出纳员Chemical Engineer 化学工程师Civil Engineer 土木工程师Clerk/Receptionist 职员/接待员Clerk Typist & Secretary 文书打字兼秘书Computer Data Input Operator 计算机资料输入员Computer Engineer 计算机工程师Computer Processing Operator 计算机处理操作员Computer System Manager 计算机系统部经理Copywriter 广告文字撰稿人Deputy General Manager 副总经理Economic Research Assistant 经济研究助理Electrical Engineer 电气工程师Engineering Technician 工程技术员English Instructor/Teacher 英语教师Export Sales Manager 外销部经理Export Sales Staff 外销部职员Financial Controller 财务主任Financial Reporter 财务报告人F.X. (Foreign Exchange) Clerk 外汇部职员F.X. Settlement Clerk 外汇部核算员Fund Manager 财务经理General Auditor 审计长General Manager/President 总经理General Manager Assistant 总经理助理General Manager‘s Secretary 总经理秘书Hardware Engineer (计算机)硬件工程师Import Liaison Staff 进口联络员Import Manager 进口部经理Insurance Actuary 保险公司理赔员International Sales Staff 国际销售员Interpreter 口语翻译Legal Adviser 法律顾问Line Supervisor 生产线主管Maintenance Engineer 维修工程师Management Consultant 管理顾问Manager 经理Manager for Public Relations 公关部经理Manufacturing Engineer 制造工程师Manufacturing Worker 生产员工Market Analyst 市场分析员Market Development Manager 市场开发部经理Marketing Manager 市场销售部经理Marketing Staff 市场销售员Marketing Assistant 销售助理Marketing Executive 销售主管Marketing Representative 销售代表Marketing Representative Manager 市场调研部经理Mechanical Engineer 机械工程师Mining Engineer 采矿工程师Music Teacher 音乐教师Naval Architect 造船工程师Office Assistant 办公室助理Office Clerk 职员Operational Manager 业务经理Package Designer 包装设计师Passenger Reservation Staff 乘客票位预订员Personnel Clerk 人事部职员Personnel Manager 人事部经理Plant/Factory Manager 厂长Postal Clerk 邮政人员Private Secretary 私人秘书Product Manager 生产部经理Production Engineer 产品工程师Professional Staff 专业人员Programmer 电脑程序设计师Project Staff (项目)策划人员Promotional Manager 推销部经理Proof-reader 校对员Purchasing Agent 采购(进货)员Quality Control Engineer 质量管理工程师Real Estate Staff 房地产职员Recruitment Coordinator 招聘协调人Regional Manger 地区经理Research & Development Engineer 研究开发工程师Restaurant Manager 饭店经理Sales and Planning Staff 销售计划员Sales Assistant 销售助理Sales Clerk 店员、售货员Sales Coordinator 销售协调人Sales Engineer 销售工程师Sales Executive 销售主管Sales Manager 销售部经理Salesperson 销售员Seller Representative 销售代表Sales Supervisor 销售监管School Registrar 学校注册主任Secretarial Assistant 秘书助理Secretary 秘书Securities Custody Clerk 保安人员Security Officer 安全人员Senior Accountant 高级会计Senior Consultant/Adviser 高级顾问Senior Employee 高级雇员计算机/互联网/通讯Technology/Internet首席技术执行官CTO/VP Engineering技术总监/经理Technical Director/Manager信息技术经理IT Manager信息技术主管IT Supervisor信息技术专员IT Specialist项目经理/主管Project Manager/Supervisor项目执行/协调人员Project Specialist / Coordinator系统分析员System Analyst高级软件工程师Senior Software Engineer软件工程师Software Engineer系统工程师System Engineer高级硬件工程师Senior Hardware Engineer硬件工程师Hardware Engineer通信技术工程师Communications EngineerERP技术/应用顾问ERP Technical/Application Consultant 数据库工程师Database Engineer技术支持经理Technical Support Manager技术支持工程师Technical Support Engineer品质经理QA Manager信息安全工程师Information Security Engineer软件测试工程师Software QA Engineer硬件测试工程师Hardware QA Engineer测试员Test Engineer网站营运经理/主管Web Operations Manager/Supervisor网络工程师Network Engineer系统管理员/网管System Manager/Webmaster网页设计/制作Web Designer/Production技术文员/助理Technical Clerk/Assistant销售Sales销售总监Sales Director销售经理Sales Manager区域销售经理Regional Sales Manager客户经理Sales Account Manager渠道/分销经理Channel/Distribution Manager渠道主管Channel Supervisor销售主管Sales Supervisor销售代表Sales Representative / Executive销售工程师Sales Engineer医药代表Pharmaceutical Sales Representative保险代理Insurance Agent销售助理Sales Assistant / Trainee商务经理Business Manager商务专员/助理Business Executive/Assistant销售行政经理Sales Admin. Manager销售行政主管Sales Admin. Supervisor售前/售后技术服务经理Technical Service Manager售前/售后技术服务主管Technical Service Supervisor售前/售后技术服务工程师Technical Service Engineer售后/客户服务(非技术)经理Customer Service Manager 售后/客户服务(非技术)主管Customer Service Supervisor 售后/客户服务(非技术)专员Customer Service Executive 经销商Distributor市场/公关/广告Marketing/PR/Advertising市场/广告总监Marketing/Advertising Director/VP市场/营销经理Marketing Manager市场/营销主管Marketing Supervisor市场/营销专员Marketing Executive/Communication市场助理Marketing Assistant / Trainee产品/品牌经理Product/Brand Manager产品/品牌主管Product/Brand Supervisor市场通路经理Trade Marketing Manager市场通路主管Trade Marketing Supervisor促销经理Promotions Manager促销主管Promotions Supervisor促销员Promotions Specialist市场分析/调研人员Market Analyst/ Research Analyst公关/会务经理Public Relations Manager公关/会务主管Public Relations Supervisor公关/会务专员Public Relations Executive媒介经理Media Manager媒介人员Media Specialist企业/业务发展经理Business Development Manager企业策划人员Corporate Planning广告策划/设计/文案Advertising Creative/Design/Copy writer财务/审计/统计/金融Finance/Accounting/Banking财务总监CFO/Finance Director/VP财务经理Finance Manager财务主管/总帐主管Finance Supervisor会计经理/会计主管Accounting Manager/Supervisor会计Accountant / Accounting Trainee出纳员Cashier财务/会计助理Finance/Accounting Assistant财务分析经理/主管Financial Analysis Manager/Supervisor财务分析员Financial Analyst成本经理/成本主管Cost Accounting Manager/Supervisor成本管理员Cost Accounting Specialist审计经理/主管Audit Manager/Supervisor审计专员/助理Audit Executive/Assistant税务经理/税务主管Tax Manager/Supervisor税务专员Tax Executive证券经纪人Stock Broker投资顾问Investment Advisor注册分析师Certified Investment/Financial Analyst投资/基金项目经理Investment Manager融资经理/融资主管Treasury Manager/Supervisor融资专员Treasury Specialist行长/副行长President/Vice-President/Branch Manager风险控制Risk Management进出口/信用证结算Trading / LC Officer清算人员Settlement Officer外汇主管Foreign Exchange Supervisor高级客户经理/客户经理Senior Relationship Manager客户主管/专员Relationship?Supervisor/Executive信贷/信用调查/分析人员Loan/Credit Officer银行柜台出纳Bank Teller统计员Statistician生产/营运/工程Manufacturing/Operations/Engineering工厂经理/厂长Plant/Factory Manager总工程师/副总工程师Chief Engineer项目经理/主管Project Manager/Supervisor项目工程师Project Engineer营运经理Operations Manager营运主管Operations Supervisor生产经理/车间主任Production Manager/Workshop Supervisor 生产计划协调员Production Planning Executive/Officer生产主管/督导/领班Production Supervisor/Team Leader技术/工艺设计经理/主管Technical/Industrial Design Mgr./Spvr. 技术/工艺设计工程师Technical/Industrial Design Engineer实验室负责人/工程师Lab Manager/Engineer工程/设备经理Engineering/Facility Manager工程/设备主管Engineering/Facility Supervisor工程/设备工程师Engineering/Facility Engineer电气/电子工程师Electrical/Electronics Engineer机械工程师Mechanical Engineer机电工程师Electrical & Mechanical Engineer维修工程师Maintenance Engineer质量经理QA Manager质量主管QA Supervisor质量工程师QA Engineer质量检验员/测试员QA Inspector认证工程师Certification Engineer安全/健康/环境经理/主管Safety/Health/Environment Manager/Supervisor 安全/健康/环境工程师Safety/Health/Environment Engineer工程绘图员Project Drafting Specialist机械制图员Drafting Specialist化验员Laboratory Technician技工Technician / Engineer Trainee电工Electrician服装打样/制版Clothing/Apparel Sample Production行政/人事/后勤Admin./HR/Support Services行政/人事总监Admin/Human Resources Director人事经理Human Resources Manager人事主管Human Resources Supervisor人事专员Human Resources Specialist人事助理Human Resources Assistant招聘经理/主管Recruiting Manager/Supervisor薪资福利经理/主管Compensation & Benefits Mgr./Supervisor薪资福利专员/助理Compensation & Benefits Specialist/Assistant培训经理/主管Training Manager/Supervisor培训专员/助理Training Specialist/Assistant行政经理/主管/办公室主任Admin Manager/Supervisor/Office Manager行政专员/助理Admin Staff/Assistant经理助理/秘书Executive Assistant/Secretary前台接待/总机Receptionist后勤Office Support资料管理员Information / Data Management Specialist电脑操作员/打字员Computer Operator/Typist高级管理Senior Management首席执行官/总经理CEO/GM/President副总经理Deputy GM/VP/Management Trainee总监Director合伙人Partner总裁/总经理助理CEO/GM/President Assistant物流/贸易/采购Logis./Trading/Merchand./Purch.物流经理Logistics Manager物流主管Logistics Supervisor物流专员/助理Logistics Specialist/Assistant物料经理Materials Manager物料主管Materials Supervisor采购经理Purchasing Manager采购主管Purchasing Supervisor采购员Purchasing Specialist/Staff外贸/贸易经理/主管Trading Manager/Supervisor外贸/贸易专员/助理Trading Specialist/Assistant业务跟单经理Merchandiser Manager高级业务跟单Senior Merchandiser业务跟单Merchandiser助理业务跟单Assistant Merchandiser仓库经理/主管Warehouse Manager仓库管理员Warehouse Specialist运输经理/主管Distribution Manager/Supervisor报关员Customs Specialist单证员documentation Specialist船务人员Shipping Specialist快递员Courier理货员Warehouse Stock Management文字/艺术/设计Writer/Editor/Creative Artist/Designer编辑/作家/撰稿人Editor/Writer记者Journalist / Reporter校对/录入Proofreader/Data Entry Staff排版设计Layout Designer艺术/设计总监Creative/Design Director影视策划/制作人员Entertainment Planning / Production 导演Director摄影师Photographer音效师Recording / Sounds Specialist演员/模特/主持人Actor/Actress/Model/MC平面设计/美术设计Graphic Artist/Designer纺织/服装设计Clothing / Apparel Designer工业/产品设计Industrial Designer工艺品/珠宝设计Artwork/Jewelry Designer科研人员Research Specialist Staff科研管理人员Research Management科研人员Research Specialist Staff律师/法务Legal律师Lawyer法务人员Legal Personnel律师助理Paralegal/Legal Assistant书记员Court Clerk教师Professor/Teacher教师ProfessorTeacher教学/教务管理人员Education/School Administrator助教Teaching Assistant讲师Lecturer家教Tutor医疗/护理Medicine / Nursing医生(中、西医)Medical Doctor医学管理人员Healthcare / Medical Management医药技术人员Medical Technician药库主任/药剂师Pharmacist护士/护理人员Nurse / Nursing Personnel临床协调员Clinical Coodinator临床研究员Clinical Researcher麻醉师Anesthesiologist心理医生Psychologist/Psychiatrist医药学检验Clinical Laboratory咨询/顾问Consultant专业顾问Senior Consultant咨询总监Consulting Director / Partner咨询经理Consulting Manager咨询员Consultant公务员Official公务员Official在校学生Student在校学生Student应届毕业生Graduating Student实习生Intern/Trainee培训生Trainee/Intern培训生Trainee服务Service美容/健身顾问Exercise Coach/Fitness Trainer餐饮/娱乐经理Banquet Services Manager宾馆/酒店经理Reception Manager领班Supervisor服务员Service Staff营业员/收银员/理货员Shop Clerk/Salesperson厨师Chief/Cook导游Tour Guide司机Chauffeur/Driver保安Security寻呼员/话务员Paging Operator建筑/房地产Construction/Real Estate建筑工程师Architect结构/土建工程师Structural Engineer电气工程师Electrical Engineer给排水/暖通工程师Drainage/HVAC Engineer工程造价师/预结算Budgeting Specialist建筑工程管理Construction Management工程监理Engineering Project Supervisor室内外装潢设计Decorator城市规划与设计Urban Design/Planning建筑制图CAD Drafter施工员Construction Crew房地产开发/策划Real Estate Development/Planning 房地产评估Real Estate Appraisal房地产中介/交易Real Estate Agent/Broker物业管理Property Management翻译Translator英语翻译English Translation日语翻译Japanese Translator德语翻译German Translator法语翻译French Translator俄语翻译Russian Translator西班牙语翻译Spanish Translator朝鲜语翻译Korean Translator其他语种翻译Other Language Translator兼职Part Time。
合同履约成本二级科目设置英文回答:Contract Performance Costs (Level Two Sub-Account)。
Contract performance costs are expenses incurred by a company in fulfilling its contractual obligations. These costs can include direct costs, such as materials and labor, as well as indirect costs, such as overhead and administrative expenses.The International Financial Reporting Standard (IFRS) 15, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, providesguidance on the accounting for contract performance costs. Under IFRS 15, contract performance costs are recognized as expenses as incurred. However, if the costs are expected to be recovered from the customer, they may be capitalized as an asset.Chinese Translation.合同履约成本(二级科目设置)。
合同履约成本是指公司履行合同义务所发生的费用。
这些费用包括直接费用(如材料和人工)以及间接费用(如管理费用和行政费用)。
国际财务报告准则(IFRS)15《与客户签订的合同收入》对合同履约成本的会计处理提供了指导。
根据 IFRS 15,合同履约成本在发生时确认作为费用。
1. Briefly explain how the first-in-first-out (FIFO) method works.
First in, first out means exactly what it says. The first costs you bring into inventory are the first costs out to cost of goods sold
Suppose you buy five pens at $10 apiece on January 3 and purchase another five pens at $20 apiece on January 7. You then sell five pens on January 30. Using first in, first out, the five pens you purchased at $10 would be sold first. This would leave you with the five pens that you purchased at $20, which would leave the value of your inventory at $100.
2. Suppose you buy 10 widgets at $15 apiece on January 3 and
purchase another 20 at $20 each on January 7. You then
sell 18 widget on January 31. What would be the cost of
your inventory at January 31 using FIFO? Explain how you came to your answer.
Under the FIFO method, the cost of of inventory at January 31 would be $240.
3. Briefly explain how the last-in-first-out (LIFO) method works.
This method, commonly referred to as LIFO, is based on the assumption that the most recent units purchased will be the first units sold.
Suppose you purchase five widgets at $10 apiece on January 4 and five more widgets at $20 apiece on February 2. You then sell five widgets on February 20. The value of your inventory, using LIFO, would be $50, since the most recent widgets purchased, at a total value of $100 on February 2, were sold. You were left with the five widgets valued at $10 each.
4. Suppose you buy 10 widgets at $15 apiece on January 3 and
purchase another 20 at $20 each on January 7. You then
sell 18 widgets on January 31. What would be the cost of
your inventory at January 31 using LIFO? Explain how you
came to your answer.
Under the LIFO method, the cost of of inventory at January 31 would be $190.
5. If prices are rising, will FIFO or LIFO result in the highest
profit? Explain
When the prices are rising, FIFO ending inventory is highest because it is priced at the most recent costs, which are the highest while LIFO ending inventory is lowest because it is priced at the oldest costs, which are the lowest.。