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Unit 1 Section A Never, ever give up!永不言弃！1 As a young boy, Britain's great Prime Minister, Sir Winston Churchill, attended a public school called Harrow. He was not a good student, and had he not been from a famous family, he probably would have been removed from the school for deviating from the rules. Thankfully, he did finish at Harrow and his errors there did not preclude him from going on to the university. He eventually had a premier army career whereby he was later elected prime minister. He achieved fame for his wit, wisdom, civic duty, and abundant courage in his refusal to surrender during the miserable dark days of World War II. His amazing determination helped motivate his entire nation and was an inspiration worldwide.1 英国的伟大首相温斯顿·丘吉尔爵士，小时候在哈罗公学上学。
当时他可不是个好学生，要不是出身名门，他可能早就因为违反纪律被开除了。
Section AText A Toward a brighter future for all1.Good afternoon! As president of the university, I am proud to welcome you to this university. Your achievement is the triumph of years of hard work, both of your own and of your parents and teachers. Here at the university, we pledge to make your educational experience as rewarding as possible.下午好！作为校长，我非常自豪地欢迎你们来到这所大学。
你们所取得的成就是你们自己多年努力的结果，也是你们的父母和老师们多年努力的结果。
在这所大学里，我们承诺将使你们学有所成。
Words and phrase1. achievement n something very good and difficult that you have succeeded in doing:e.g. An Olympic silver medal is a remarkable achievement for one so young.2. triumph n being successful or victorious 成功,胜利shouts of triumphgreat achievement or success 成功one of the triumphs of modern sciencev. ~ (over sb/sth) be successful or victorioustriumph over one's difficulties 战胜困难.3. pledge v ~ sth (to sb/sth) (fml ) promise solemnly to give (support,etc); give (one's word, honour, etc) as a pledge 保证给予（支持等）; 以（誓言﹑名誉等）作担保:pledge loyalty to the king 发誓效忠国王be pledged to keeping a secret 誓守秘密.~ sb/oneself (to sth/to do sth) promise solemnly that sb/one will do sth or support a cause, etc保证某人[自己]做某事或支持某事业等The Government has pledged itself to send aid to the famine victims. 政府已承诺赈济饥民.[Tn] leave (sth) with sb as a pledge典当（某物）:He's pledged his mother's wedding ring.[Tn] (fml ) drink to the health of (sb); toast (sb) 为（某人）的健康祝酒; 向（某人）祝酒: pledge the bride （新娘）and bridegroom（新郎）4. rewarding adj giving you satisfaction, pleasure, or profit 值得的；有意义的；有回报的Our journey to the orphanage (孤儿院) was a very rewarding experience.Antonym: unrewardingSynonym: satisfying5. as...as possible as + adj / adv +as ; as + adj + n + as 尽力做某事的意思We have to run as fast as possible.Can you say it as loudly as possible?I hope you’ll stay as long as possible.We need as many apples as possible.You must come back as soon as possible.Word formation note:adj suffix -ing1. -ing加在某些transitive verb后，构成adj，主要用于表示事物的性质或特征，或某物或某事给人的感觉、情感、印象等。
Section AText A Toward a brighter future for allWords and phrase1. achievement: n. something very good and difficult that you have succeeded in doing:e.g. An Olympic silver medal is a remarkable achievement for one so young.2. triumph: n being successful or victorious 成功,胜利e.g. shouts of triumphgreat achievement or success 成功one of the triumphs of modern sciencev. ~ (over sb/sth): be successful or victoriouse.g. triumph over one's difficulties 战胜困难.3. pledge v ~ sth (to sb/sth) (fml ) promise solemnly to give (support,etc);give (one's word, honour, etc) as a pledge 保证给予（支持等）;以（誓言﹑名誉等）作担保:e.g. pledge loyalty to the king 发誓效忠国王be pledged to keeping a secret 誓守秘密.~ sb/oneself (to sth/to do sth): promise solemnly that sb/one will do sth or support a cause,etc保证某人[自己]做某事或支持某事业等e.g. The Government has pledged itself to send aid to the famine victims. 政府已承诺赈济饥民.leave (sth) with sb as a pledge: 典当（某物）e.g. He's pledged his mother's wedding ring.(fml ) drink to the health of (sb); toast (sb) 为（某人）的健康祝酒; 向（某人）祝酒:e.g. pledge the bride （新娘）and bridegroom（新郎）4. rewarding adj giving you satisfaction, pleasure, or profit 值得的；有意义的；有回报的e.g. Our journey to the orphanage (孤儿院) was a veryrewarding experience.Antonym: unrewardingSynonym: satisfying5. as...as possible as + adj / adv +as ; as + adj + n + as 尽力做某事的意思e.g. We have to run as fast as possible.Can you say it as loudly as possible?I hope you’ll stay as long as possible.We need as many apples as possible.You must come back as soon as possible.6. remind v~ sb to do sth: inform (sb) of a fact or tell (sb) to do sth he may have forgotten 提醒:e.g. Do I have to remind you yet again?Remind me to answer that letter.~ sb of sb/sth cause sb to remember or be newly aware of sb/sth 使某人回想起或意识到某人[某事物]:e.g He reminds me of his brother.This song reminds me of France.reminder n sth. that makes you notice, remember, or think about sth. 起提醒作用的东西e.g. The cold served as a reminder that winter wasn’t quite finished.The waiters were clearing the tables, which served as a reminder that it wastime to leave.7. pose v(a) [I, Ipr] ~ (for sb) sit or stand in a particular position in order to be painted, drawn orphotographed 摆好姿势（以便画像或拍照）:e.g. He had to pose wearing a laurel wreath. 他得摆好戴着月桂花冠的姿势. *(b) [Tn] put (sb) in a particular position in order to paint, draw or photograph him 使（某人）摆好姿势（以便画像或拍照）:e.g. The artist posed his model carefully. 那位画家仔细摆好模特儿的姿势.(c) (derog 贬) behave in an unnatural or affected way in order to impress people 装腔作势:e.g. Stop posing and tell us what you really think. 别装蒜啦, 告诉我们你的真实想法吧.pose n1) position in which a person poses or is posed (pose 1b) （为画像或拍照而摆的）姿势,姿态:e.g. She adopted an elegant pose. 她摆了一个优美的姿势.2) (derog 贬) unnatural or affected way of behaving, intended to impress people 装腔作势的举动:e.g. His concern for the poor is only a pose. 他对穷人的关心只不过是做做样子罢了.8. routine n [C, U] fixed and regular way of doing things程序; 公事; 常规:e.g. She found it difficult to establish a new routine after retirement.do sth as a matter of routine 按常规办事[attrib 作定语] routine tasks, chores, duties, etc 日常工作﹑日常事务﹑例行职责. [C] set sequence of movements in a dance or some other performance 舞蹈等表演的成套动作:e.g. go through a dance routine 做一套舞蹈动作.routine adj usual; habitual; regular 通常的; 惯例的; 例行的:e.g. the routine procedure 例行手续*routine maintenance 定期的保养*routinely adv.9. attain v [Tn] succeed in getting (sth); achievee.g. attain a position of power 获得权位attain one's goal, objective, ambition, etcattain our target of 50000 达到我们的50000英镑的目标.attainable adj that can be attainede.g. These objectives are certainly attainable.attainment n [U] success in reaching 达到; 到达:e.g. The attainment of her ambitions was still a dream. 她要实现抱负仍是一种梦想.[C usu pl] thing attained, esp skill or knowledge 成就; 造诣:e.g. a scholar of the highest attainments 造诣极高的学者.10. finished adj [pred] (not before noun) no longer doing, dealing with, or using sth.~ (with sb/sth) (infml)e.g. I won't be finished for another hour. 我还有一个小时才能完事.Are you finished with my tools yet? 我的工具你用完了吗？She decided she was finished with working for others. 她决定不再为别人做事.11. may have done sth.: used for talking about past possibilitiese.g. She might have changed her mind and decided not to come.12. foundation n[U] act of founding (an institution, organization, etc) 建立, 创立, 创办:e.g. the foundation of the university[C] (a) (organization set up to provide) sums of money for research, charity, etc （为研究﹑慈善事业等提供的）基金, 基金会:e.g. You may be able to get support from an arts foundation.[C usu pl] layer of bricks, concrete, etc forming the solid base of a buildingunderground 地基; 房基; 基础:e.g. lay the foundations of a building 给建筑物奠基[C, U] principle, idea or fact on which sth is based; basis （作为某事的）基本原则﹑思想或事实; 基础:e.g. lay the foundations of one's career 奠定个人事业的基础*That rumor has no foundation. 那谣言没有事实根据.13. unlike 1) adj. [pred 作表语] dissimilar; differente.g. They are so unlike nobody would believe they were sisters.2) prep. different from (sth); not like 与（某事物）不同; 不像...:e.g. Her latest novel is quite unlike her earlier work.14. resource n[C usu pl] supply of raw materials, etc which bring a country, person, etc wealth 资源:e.g. rich in natural, mineral, agricultural, etc resources 自然的﹑矿产的﹑农业的...资源丰富] (fml ) ingenuity or quick wit; initiative 才智; 机敏; 创造精神:e.g. a man of great resource 足智多谋的男子.15. learned: a. (fml.) learned people have a lot of knowledge because they have read andstudied a lot 有学问的；博学的e.g. My advisor is a very learned person and she could answer any question I asked.16. caring: a. thinking about what other people need or want and trying to help them 关心他人的；乐于助人的e.g. The school provides a caring environment for students. 学校为学生提供了充满关怀的环境。
新视野大学英语(第三版)B o o k3U n i t1知识点Book 3 Unit 1 教材总结Text A一、单词1. deviate vi. 背离；偏离2. preclude vt. 阻碍；阻止；妨碍3. premier a. 最好的；最大的；最重要的n. [C] a prime minister 首相；总理4. whereby ad. 凭那个；借以5. civic a. 1公民的；市民的 2城镇的；城市的6. patriotic a. 爱国的；有爱国心的7. clear-cut a. 明确的；清楚的8. inhibit vt. 阻碍；妨碍；抑制9. scholarly a. 1 博学的；学问精深的 2学者的；学术的10. idiot n. [C]笨蛋；傻子11. bypass vt. 1（做某事时）避开，越过（某人） 2绕过；绕…走12. persecution n. [C, U]（尤指因种族、宗教或政治信仰而进行的）迫害，残害13. misfortune n. 1 [C]不幸的事；灾难 2 [U]厄运；不幸14. glamor n. [U] 魅力；吸引力15. glamorous a. 极富魅力的；非常吸引人的16. tragic a. 可悲的；悲惨的；不幸的；悲剧性的17. spur n. [C]刺激；激励；鞭策；鼓舞18. vt. 1 encourage sb. to do sth. 刺激；激励；鞭策；鼓舞 2 cause sth. to happen 使发生19. optimism n. [U]乐观；乐观主义20. dedication n. [U] 奉献；献身21. commend vt. 1 praise sb. or sth. formally or publicly （正式或公开）表扬，称赞，表彰22. 2 tell sb. that a person or thing is good, useful, or suitable 推荐23. uphold vt. 支持；拥护；维护24. endeavor n. [C, U] 努力；尽力25. vi. (~ to do sth.) try very hard to do sth. 努力做（某事）；尽力做（某事）26. statesman n. [C]政治家27. diligent a. 勤奋的；用功的28. pursuit n. [U]追求；寻求29. ranch n. [C]大牧场30. prestige n. [U]声望；名望；威信（enjoy a great~）31. circuit [C] 1（与某种活动相关的人）定期前往的一系列场所 2电路；回路；线路 3环形路线32. unprecedented a. 1前所未有的；史无前例的 2 （大小、数量、程度等）前所未知的，空前的33. nominate vt. 提名；推荐34. appoint vt. 1任命；委派；指派 2 确定，指定，约定（时间或地点）35. abortion n. [C]人工流产；堕胎36. expend vt. 花费；消耗；支出37. threat n. 1 [C, U] 危害；威胁 2 [C] 恐吓；威胁38. inward a. 1内心的；精神的 2 向内的；向中心的；内部的39. robust a. 1坚定的；强硬的 2（人）强壮的，强健的40. maintain vt. 保持；维持41. slack vi. 偷懒；逃避工作 a. 1松弛的；不紧的 2 松懈的；懈怠的；疏忽的42. transcend vt. 超越，摆脱（消极的态度、思想或情绪）43. handicap n. [C] 1障碍；不利条件 2（身体或智力的）缺陷，残疾（该词现在被认为具冒犯义）44. feat n. [C]技艺；业绩；功绩二、词组1. remove sth. / sb. from sth.移开；拿开；去掉；从…机构开除2. deviate from sth.背离；偏离；违背3. preclude sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事；妨碍某人做某事4. write sb. / sth. off认定…失败（或没有价值、不可救药等）5. fail in sth.做…失败；未能做到…6. triumph over打败；战胜；成功7. in (the) pursuit of sth.在追求…的过程中；在寻求…的过程中8. work one's way to / through / into（通过努力）逐步达到9. act as充当；起作用10. fall down不足；不够好Text B一、单词1. stricken—~（与某些名词连用）受…侵袭的 poverty-stricken areas贫困地区2. a. 1患病的；受伤的 2罹难的；受侵害的；受灾的；遭损失的3. prospective a. (only before noun) 1可能发生的；预期的 2可能的；有希望的4. destined a. (never before noun) 1注定的；肯定的 2 (~ for)指定的；预定的5. jockey n. 操作者6. celebrity n. 1 [C]（尤指娱乐界、体育界的）名人，名流 2 [U]出名；著名7. indulge v. （使）（自己）沉湎于；（让自己）享受一下indulge oneself in…让自己沉溺于…8. masterpiece n. [C] 1杰作；名著；大作 2典范9. aggravate vt. 1激怒；惹恼 2使（尤指局势或病情）恶化；加剧10. scorn vt. 看不起；鄙视n. [U]轻蔑；鄙视11. nonetheless ad. 然而；不过12. renowned a. 有名望的；著名的13. enterprise n. [C] 1（尤指全新或不同的）事业，计划 2企业；公司；事业单位14. layout n. [C] 陈设；布局；安排15. dubious a. 1无把握的；怀疑的2令人怀疑的；不确定的；靠不住的16. straw n. 1 [U] （干燥的）麦秆，稻草，禾杆 2 [C]（喝饮料用的）吸管17. expertise n. [U] （从经历、培训或学习中得来的）特殊技能，专门知识18. blunt a. （言语）率直的，直言不讳的，直截了当的19. bust n. (infml.) (mainly AmE) a complete failure 彻底的失败20. adore vt. 疼爱；爱慕；崇拜21. persuasive a. 有说服力的；能使人信服的22. cater v. 1 (~ to / for) 满足，迎合（某群人的需要） 2（为…）提供饮食，承办酒席23. The restaurant is capable of catering food for several hundred people. 这个饭店能为数百人提供饮食。
