天津大学2015考博英语：重视英语复习 改进学习方法

考博英语怎么复习考博英语复习是一个比较长期且艰巨的任务，需要有系统性的规划和高效的方法。

下面将从听力、阅读、写作和翻译四个方面进行复习建议的介绍。

首先是听力部分。

要提高听力能力，首先需要进行大量的听力训练。

可以选择一些英语学习网站、广播节目、英语电影或纪录片作为听力材料。

在听的过程中，可以注意其中的重点信息，尝试提取关键词来加深对整个内容的理解，强化对语言的敏感度和反应速度。

在复习过程中还需多进行听力模拟考试，熟悉考试的出题形式和节奏，培养自己的解题技巧。

第二是阅读部分。

阅读是考博英语中重要的一部分，因此要从一些重点或经典文章入手，提高阅读能力和理解水平。

可以选择一些学术性文章，如论文、期刊等，多进行阅读和思考。

在阅读过程中，需要学会寻找文章的主旨和关键信息，提炼出段落的主题句和关键词，培养整体把握能力。

同时，还要注重积累词汇和短语，扩大自己的词汇量，以便更好地理解和辨析文章的含义。

第三是写作部分。

写作是考博英语中需要较高水平的能力，因此需要进行大量的写作训练。

可以选择一些热门话题或与自己研究方向相关的话题，进行写作练习。

在写作过程中，要注重逻辑性和连贯性，合理组织文章的结构和段落，运用丰富的词汇和短语表达自己的观点。

同时，还要注意语法和句式的正确使用，尽量避免语法错误和重复使用相同的句式。

最后是翻译部分。

考博英语中常常有一些翻译的题目，要求准确理解原文并将其翻译成中文。

为了提高翻译能力，可以选择一些英文材料进行翻译练习，如文章、新闻、学术论文等。

在翻译过程中，要借助词典和在线翻译工具等资源，但也要注意量力而行，不要完全依赖工具。

要注重准确表达原文的意思和语境，同时也要注意中英文的文化差异，避免产生歧义或误解。

总结起来，考博英语的复习要从听力、阅读、写作和翻译四个方面入手，进行有针对性的训练和练习。

要注重积累词汇和短语，培养语感和语法水平，提高解题技巧和答题速度。

在复习过程中还要注意查漏补缺，及时纠正自己的错误，保持良好的备考状态。

考博英语复习方法可靠的复习计划是首要解决的问题。

自己要按照计划一步步去复习，这样下来自己的自信慢慢的就会高涨。

找准历年真题，研究透真题，找到出题和考试点。

真题是最重要的复习资料，出题者的想法都在真题上体现。

笔者认为真题是必须要大家去认真复习的。

平时工作当中也要做积累。

英语学习是一个长期的过程。

平时阅读文献，写英文论文都要认真的积累。

单词要不断的巩固。

很多单词背好之后，一段时间就会被忘记。

所以笔者认为可以每天早上抽出半小时对单词进行反复的复习。

作文一定要准备模板。

作文的题目大家都不可预测，但是每年的题目风格大家都会估计到。

网络上都会有些基础的模板，笔者建议考博的考生一定要准备几个模板，节省自己写作的时间。

考试时，先保证正确率。

由于考博的英语分数线都不会很高，但是考试的题目量很大。

一般的考生都会很难完成所有的题目，所以唯一的方法就是保证自己的正确率。

平时练习时要有时间限制。

可以把模拟题当作是模拟考试，一定要按时完成。

这样才可以达到很好的练习效果。

考博英语应该怎么复习一、考博趋势大概是05还是06年，新东方第一次开设考博英语的课程。

我们几个准备要讲考博课程的老师听说要开设考博英语课程，很期待，很忐忑。

期待是因为新东方又开设了一种全新的班型出来，并且还是一群要准备考博的学生;忐忑的原因是怕我们上不好这个课，怕自己水平有限。

虽然每个老师都在自己那个领域有很强大的教学经验，但是为了准备这个考博班，大家都丝毫不敢松懈。

1.学生年龄变小第一个考博班有一个最明显的特点：学生年龄偏大。

我印象中有一位55岁的老大哥，自己事业有成，好像是搞房地产的，就为了圆自己一个博士的梦想，来到了新东方的考博班上。

如今几乎10年过去了，我也从30岁左右到40岁左右。

考博的趋势是：学生年龄偏小。

这不是因为我年龄大了，看学生小，的的确确学生就是偏小。

第一个班的学生基本上平均都在30多岁，差不多35岁左右，现在考博班的学生大概都是在25到30岁左右，偶尔有几个35岁以上的，少数有50岁左右的。

考博英语怎么复习考博英语怎么复习到了考博考试还剩下两个月的时候，考博英语备生的时间也就变得越来越紧张，在这个时候我们又该如何来巩固之前一个月的备考复习收获，同时在这初步复习的基础上更进一步地提高英语能力？考博英语怎么复习？以下是店铺帮大家整理的考博英语复习作文，仅供参考，欢迎大家阅读。

考博英语怎么复习篇1第一、通过阅读来带动翻译能力的培养。

包括考博英语英翻译汉和汉翻译英，以此来进行阅读和翻译的复习备考。

熟练的阅读能力可以提高大家的英语语感，而语感的提升，对于英语翻译来说，可以起到翻译能力提升的作用。

要知道考博英语的翻译，讲究的并不是呆板的书面表达，有时候一些不经的阅读灵感很可能让你在一瞬间明白一句长难句的中文表达方式。

英语理解能力最重语感，一旦感觉找对了，哪怕再难哪长的英语长句都不能难住大家。

所以多读多看多听就成了提升英语理解能力的重要方法。

第二、通过利用零星时间来熟悉单词。

通过阅读来扩大和巩固词汇量。

同时，大量的英语阅读也是快速增加，并且掌握英语词汇的重要手段。

一般英语专业的学生都会明白，仅仅凭借单纯的英语单词记忆，是很难达到真正的英语词汇掌握的。

因为这样的单纯记忆方法虽然可以快速增加，同时也很容易忘记，必须不断地，重复地记忆背诵才可以保持记忆。

而通过阅读背影下掌握的英语汇则因为代入感的原因，掌握与记忆起来变得要容易得多，同样也比单纯的记忆方法要持久得多，印像较单纯记忆更加清晰。

同时还可以借助阅读背景的关系，了解该单词的使用方法的作用。

第三、每天2个小时的复习时间足以应付备考。

在整个英语的复习过程中，我一直坚持这样的指导思想，2个月下来就收到了良好的效果，获得了72分的成绩。

每天坚持复习备考是考博英语备考的必经之路，所谓车山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦做舟。

没有任何人是可以随随便便成功的。

不懈的努力才可以换来成功。

这一点没有半点捷径可走。

加油的我的考博小伙伴们！以上为是考博英语2个月之时的基础备考复习方案，接下为的我们再来看看具体的考博英语备考复习步骤，将复习备考更具效率化。

考博英语冲刺阶段复习方法技巧考博英语冲刺阶段复习方法技巧点——从攻克考博真题和考博英语模拟题入手参加过考博考试的考生都能体会到，真题在考博复习过程中的重要性。

对于考博考生来说，目标学校的历年真题特别重要，这是出题人最主要的出题依据，通过对历年真题的研究可以分析出出题规律和方向，然后进行对症复习。

首先，要用实战状态做题，也就是严格按照考试模式进行，做完后无需及时核对答案;第二天再用三个小时做同一张卷子，同样无需及早对答案;第三天再重复前两天的工作，当这份卷子做三遍后，再仔细核对答案，通过对比这几天的做题成果，详细分析出错的考题，找到错因，揣摩出题思路。

其次，找到近三年的目标学校考博英语真题，进行巩固性强化熟悉。

因为大多博士生院校的出题人的出题思路，对于近三年的真题是一个重点参考目标。

最后，做3～5套考博英语模拟题。

通过以上熟悉真题的过程后，考生可以通过模拟试题来检测自己目前的应试水平，再从中总结分析，制定针对性的复习计划。

面——解决考博英语词汇、阅读、写作等方面的问题在经过点的步骤后，考博考生就可根总结的各个“点”的问题，从大方面的词汇、阅读、写作等进行落实复习。

二、考博英语阅读复习在考试前至少要通读100～200篇300字以上的文章，只有量的保证才能真正质的提高。

三、考博英语作文复习主要是掌握两点：1、掌握十种句型，300个句子和背诵30篇范文。

因为作文最根本的'是长句，首先要背好相应的长句，然后再背诵相应的范文。

2、在考试中应用三段式作文形势，不可分段太多，也不能少于三段，三段式给判卷老师以简洁有条理的印象。

延伸阅读：如何高效率复习考博英语坚持不懈考博英语复习过程中首先要具备的心态就是坚持，很多同学在复习的过程中，刚开始信心满满，制订了详细的复习计划，并且定了很高的目标，要考好学校好导师，但在复习过程中遇到了一些挫折就开始退缩，思前想后，严重的可能还会直接放弃复习。

所以说，复习过程中一定要有持之以恒的精神，在开始复习前就对自己的复习目标有一个明确的认识。

考博英语怎么复习考博英语复习规划提前至少半年开始复习。

早准备，起码有个心理上的准备，是应该的。

一般在硕士刚入学就要想好，要有个打算，到底硕士毕业怎么办。

有些学生硕士没入学，就到英语考博课堂上了，太早，我并不提倡。

但是一般来说，提前一年准备，提前至少大半年真正全身心投入，是完全有必要的。

也就是说，真正进入考博英语的复习最佳时期是：上一年的7月开始，到第二年的3月4月考试。

如果从4月5月开始着手，就会在复习时间上更充分，在复习整体规划上更成熟，尤其如果基础不太好，就更要早一点开始的。

考博英语详细安排和复习方法如下：一七月到九月，基础阶段硕士研究生阶段的最后一个暑假，好好利用。

别贪玩，别找借口。

这个时期，有三件事情要做。

(1)猛背单词!单词是英语学习永远的痛，要克服。

个人看来，所有花里胡哨的背单词书，所有花里胡哨的背单词方法，都是扯淡。

背单词不二法门：重复，重复，不停重复，把暂时记忆变成长时记忆。

基本词根词缀肯定要掌握。

强化记单词，要最短时间记住单词的“核心意义”，就是这个单词的基本意义。

有人会问，多义怎么办?生僻意义怎么办?多义，可以在基本词义上引申;既然教“生僻”意义，就不会考。

或者说，单词的多义、单词构成的词组等该掌握，哪里去掌握，在阅读中掌握，在应用中记忆。

多义和生僻意义不是在强化记忆中掌握。

用什么单词书?适合自己的单词书!别硬撑!考博英语本校命题，水平高低不同，对学生的水平要求也不同。

严格意义上说，按照教育部的规划，考博英语的水平大致词汇差不多在10000左右。

但是，这个数字，笔者以为是虚的。

没有太实际的用处。

什么是适合自己的单词书。

答：略高于自己现有单词水平的单词书，并且“较薄”的单词书合适。

较薄，意义比较核心。

没有乱七八糟例句(例句太多，太难，你看不下去，背诵时间太长，效率太低)，背诵起来方便，随时带着，随时背诵，随时复习。

一般单词书，反正大多数都是抄的词典，要编错比较难，所以，薄一点合适。

2015考博英语应该怎样复习点构成线，线构成面，面构成空间，而词汇就是英语空间的点。

掌握好考博英语的词汇，就能在自然而然中搭筑起英语空间。

尽管，同学们在复习当中不可能将英语词汇的点全部掌握，但是如果能够掌握好其中的主要部分，那么搭筑起来的英语空间范围也能让你在考博英语中活动自如、得心应手。

那么，如何能有效的突破考博英语词汇?针对同学们在背诵时遇到的一些普遍问题，提出一些应对措施需要各大院校历年考博英语真题及其解析请加扣扣七七二六七八五三七或二八九零零六四三五一，也可以拨打全国免费咨询电话四零零六六八六九七八享受考博辅导体验。

短期计划，重实现：有了要攻克的目标词汇后，要有计划的进行记忆。

建议制定几个小计划去完成。

例如，将一天的复习计划分成上午、下午、晚上复习计划。

上午背40个单词，下午背30个单词，晚上背20个单词(依个人能力确定单词数目)。

第二天一早起来把头一天的单词浏览记忆一遍，加强记忆。

第三天早晨把第一天和第二天的单词再加速的浏览记忆一下，以此类推。

你的单词量将会像滚雪球一样越来越多，越来越实。

有的放矢，抓重点：做事情要有重点。

眉毛胡子一起抓，往往事倍功半。

什么是有的放矢的抓重点来复习呢。

当你拿起上一年的英语大纲后，以它为低级目标。

用一天时间快速过滤掉你会的单词，剩下些自己曾有浅薄印象或是完全陌生的单词。

这些所剩单词就是你下一步重点记识的重点。

找到了自己薄弱环节后，集中精力重点攻克，做到有的放矢的完成学习目标。

不畏量大，重次数：不要担心自己制定的词汇记忆任务大，要对自己有信心。

快速背，并不断重复记忆。

将一轮记忆分成若干小轮，滚动记忆。

这样做的好处，不但可以提高效率，也可较快的提高你的记忆力。

记住，记忆超长的人是很少的，所以不要畏惧任务量大，更不要担心自己的能力与智商，每个人记忆的强度和结果都是在次数的升高中实现的。

所以，如果你认为自己还没记住，那是因为你重复记忆的次数还远远不够。

看似无功，实有效：无论你的英语听力水平如何，你都要听英语。

考博英语复习计划考博英语怎样复习，你制定好考博英语复习计划了吗?下面店铺整理了考博英语复习计划，供你参考。

考博英语复习计划一、从培养兴趣开始1、为什么要在学习英语中强调兴趣的重要性2、怎样培养学习英语的兴趣3、对已经不喜欢学习英语或学习英语陷入困境的而又不得不学的英语学习者谈一谈4、学好英语还应该具备哪些素质二、各个击破英语学习中的难点1、为什么说口语和听力是英语学习的重中之重2、如何提高口语和听力水平3、记单词的窍门：“音形”记忆法4、为什么不要很在意语法规则的学习5、为什么不要多做题6、怎样利用电影、电视、电脑与网络学习英语三、考博英语复习方法及作用1、为什么要在学习英语中强调兴趣的重要性兴趣是我们做一切事动力的最好来源。

还记得我们第一次学骑自行车、学游泳、学习使用电脑上网玩儿QQ和网络游戏的劲头么?学习我们好奇和感兴趣的事物，我们总会孜孜不倦的去努力探索。

即使在学习过程中遇到了种种困难，比如刚开始学骑自行车时可能会总摔倒，但我们都能很轻松的克服。

所以说，兴趣不仅是我们学习的动力来源，它更能使我们在学习过程中，坚定克服困难的信心和决心。

要想学好英语，或者换句话说，要想轻松的、事半功倍的学习英语，兴趣是必不可少的。

学语言是一件艰苦的事，需要良好的耐心和毅力，这就需要兴趣为我们提供源源不断的动力来源。

那么，怎样才能让我们对英语学习产生极大的兴趣呢?1.2、怎样培养学习英语的兴趣在众多的英语学习者中，可能有一部分(包括我)在课堂中系统学习英语之前就对英语产生了浓厚的兴趣，致使他们在初学英语时能够富有激情，觉得这是件很开心的事。

试想一下，以这种心态去学习，怎么会学不好呢?当然，仅有兴趣还是不够的，还需要有正确的方法。

人的兴趣和爱好与人的性格、成长环境以及遗传因素等方面是息息相关的。

但兴趣也是可以后天培养。

下面我说一下我自己在学习英语前，以及在学习英语的过程中直至今天，的兴趣和爱好，这也许能说明为什么我会喜欢学习英语，对大家培养学习英语的兴趣可能会有些启发。

天津大学博士入学考试英语试题范例I Dictation (20%)Direction: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read four times. During the first reading, the passage will be read at normal speed and you are supposed to listen only and try to have a general understanding of it. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phase with an interval of 12-15 seconds. The last reading will be done at the normal speed again for you to check up.II V ocabulary and Structure (10%)Directions: There are 20 sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Circle the one that best completes the sentence.1. It was very kind of you to get me something for my birthday, but you ____ me such an expensive present.[A] didn't need buying [B] needn't buy [C] needn't have bought [D] hadn't needed to buy2. The ____ of a cultural phenomenon is usually a logical consequence of some physical aspect in the life style of the people.[A] manifestation [B] implementation [C] expedition [D] demonstration3. He is holding a ____ position in the company and expects to be promoted soon.[A] subordinate [B] succeeding [C] successive [D] subsequent4. In American universities, classes are often arranged in more flexible ____ and many jobs on campus are reserved for students.[A] scales [B] ranks [C] grades [D] patterns5. The government gave a very ____ explanation of its plan for economic development.[A] comprehensive [B] compound [C] considerable [D] complacent6. In my opinion, you can widen the ____ of these improvements through your active participation.[A] dimension [B] volume [C] magnitude [D] scope7. No Tobacco Day is the day when the world Health Organization ____ to people to stop using tobacco products.[A] asks [B] applies [C] appeals [D] urges8. The dentist's confident manner ____ me that I was in safe hands.[A] insured [B] assured [C] ensured [D] secured9. We prefer that the plan ____ before being put into execution.[A] be fully discussed [B] must be fully discussed [C] will be fully discussed [D] is fully discussed10. The sound of footsteps on the bare floor ____ the downstairs neighbors.[A] disturbed [B] interrupted [C] annoyed [D] irritated11. I asked him for a job ____ the impression that he was the head of the firm，but he wasn't.[A] with [B] under [C] in [D] of12. It's no good ____ remember grammatical rules. You need to practice what you have learned.[A] trying to [B] try to [C] to try to [D] tried to13. The dictator relied on abuse of its opponents ____ on sounding reasoning.[A] more than [B] rather than [C] other than [D] better than14. To make the best and the most efficient of your time and to achieve your goals，start each day by ____ your agenda.[A] holding on [B] making out [C] keeping on [D] taking down15. Once the question is put, we know try to obtain the answer.[A] to proceed in direction to[B] where direction proceed to[C] in which direction to proceed to[D] which direction proceed toward16. During the opera's most famous aria, the tempo chosen by the orchestra's conductor seemed ____, without necessary relation to what had gone before[A] tedious [B] melodious [C] capricious [D] moderation17. It is time the nations of the world ____ a halt to the manufacture of nuclear weapons.[A] would call [B] call [C] called [D] will call18.When the drops were placed in the patient's eyes, his pupils became ____.[A] dilated [B] smaller [C] irritated [D] sensible19. To visit zoos that simulate the natural habitats of animals ____ of great interest to zoologists.[A] are [B] be [C] were [D] is20. Mr. Smith ____ with the government for thirty-seven years by the time he retires.[A] will work [B] will have worked [C] will be working [D] will have been workedIII Sentence Transformation (20%)Directions: Rewrite each of the following sentences by using the word (s) below it so that each new sentence means roughly the same as the original one. In some instances it may be necessary to change the tense of the given word (s).1. He is warm-hearted, but this doesn't mean that he is bright.（follow）___________________________________________________2. The manager has asked me to consider this proposal carefully.（consideration）____________________________________________3. The garden is too small for a swimming pool.（room）_____________________________________________4. Increasing the tax on household goods is bound to cause trouble.It's asking __________________________________________5. The museum is closed this afternoon.There is _____________________________________________6. Don't touch those wires in any circumstances.Under _______________________________________________7. The small number of potential buyers does not provide a sufficiently large market for this kind of apparatus.（enough）___________________________________________8. I was finally able to convince him of its value.I finally succeeded _______________________________________9. Film makers understandably lose much of their interest in the genre.（appeal to ）_____________________________________________10. Not all of the people like this movie.（popular）________________________________________________IV Cloze （10%）Directions: Read through the following passage and then decide which of the choices given below could correctly complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Circle the correct choice for each blank.An interesting theory in economics is 1 by the Head Man of a small mountain tribe. If seems that this tribe was very good at making straw mats that had great sales 2 in the 3 market. The representative of an American company went to visit the tribe and tried to make a good business deal. He 4 to the Head Man and 5 that his company would like to 6 several thousand pieces.Undoubtedly, he said, the business 7 would be 8 to the tribe. After some thoughts, the Head Man 9, but announced that the price per piece would be 10 in such a 11 order than it would be if 12 a small order were placed. The represntative was 13 than a little shocked 14 the business sense of the Head Man 15 insisted that the price should be 16 because of the large volume, and 17 not higher. No, replied the head of the tribe 18. But why not? asked the American. Because 19 is so tiresome to make the 20 article over and over, answered the Head Man.1. A. illustrated B. appreciated C. demonstrated D. anticipated2. A. capacity B. potential C. ability D. fortune3. A. straw B. global C. world D. earth4. A. addressed B. spoke C. asked D. told5. A. declared B. confirmed C. demanded D. gestured6. A. order B. sell C. dispose D. make7. A. treaty B. pact C. matter D. deal8. A. effective B. efficient C. valuable D. profitable9. A. agreed B. accepted C. refused D. received10. A. lower B. higher C. expensive D. cheaper11. A. small B. big C. vast D. high12. A. certainly B. really C. only D. simply13. A. greater B. stronger C. less D. more14. A. from B. of C. at D. since15. A. who B. and C. then D. therefore16. A. lower B. higher C. little D. raised17. A. never B. really C. certainly D. yet18. A. weakly B. happily C. stubbornly D.hesitatingly19. A. he B. it C. what D. work20. A. similar B. beautiful C. alike D. sameV Reading Comprehension （20%）Directions: In this part there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the correct answer.1A report consistently brought back by visitors to the US is how friendly, courteous, and helpful most Americans were to them. To be fair, this observation is also frequently made of Canada and Canadians, and should best be considered North American. There are, of course, exceptions. Small-minded officials, rude waiters, and ill-mannered taxi drivers are hardly unknown in the US. Yet it is an observation made so frequently that it deserves comment.For a long period of time and in many parts of the country, a traveler was a welcome break in an otherwise dull existence. Dullness and loneliness were common problems of the families who generally lived distant from one another. Strangers and travelers were welcome sources of diversion, and brought news of the outside world.The harsh realities of the frontier also shaped this tradition of hospitality. Someone traveling alone, if hungry, injured, or ill, often had nowhere to turn except to the nearest cabin or settlement. It was not a matter of choice for the traveler or merely a charitable impulse on the part of the settlers. It reflected the harshness of daily life: if you didn't take in the stranger and take care of him, there was no one else who would. And someday, remember, you might be in the same situation.Today there are many charitable organizations that specialized in helping the weary traveler. Yet, the old tradition of hospitality to strangers is still very strong in the US, especially in the smaller cities and towns away from the busy tourist trails. I was just traveling through, got talking with this American, and pretty soon he invited me home for dinner-amazing. Such observations reported by visitors to the US are not uncommon, but are not always understood properly. The casual friendliness of many Americans should be interpreted neither as superficial nor as artificial, but as the result of a historically developed cultural tradition.As is true of any developed society, in America a complex set of cultural signals, assumptions, and conventions underlies all social interrelationships. And, of course, speaking a language does not necessarily mean that someone understands social and cultural patterns. Visitors who fail to translate cultural meanings properly often draw wrong conclusions. For example, when an American uses the word friend, the cultural implications of the word may be quite different from those it has in the visitor's language and culture. It takes more than a brief encounter on a bus to distinguish between courteous convention and individual interest. Yet, being friendly is a virtue that many Americans value highly and expect from both neighbors and strangers.1. The word observation in the first paragraph most probably means[A] attention. [B] watchfulness. [C] survey. [D] opinion.2. People in frontier settlements used to entertain travelers because these strangers would______.[A] bring good news from outside world.[B] help locals solve their problems.[C] bring a change to the life in the settlements.[D] requires a different definition.3. Nowadays the tradition of friendliness to strangers______.[A] is still prevailing.[B] can rarely be seen[C] is wading fast[D] requires a different definition4. According to the passage, which of the following is true?[A] People are still fond of traveling to remote places.[B] Foreign travelers now keep away from busy tourist trails.[C] There is no charitable organization in small cities.[D] Foreign visitors to the US have trouble understanding American's friendliness.5. From the last paragraph of the passage we have learned that______[A] the ability of speaking a foreign language implies a better understanding of its culture.[B] various virtues manifest themselves exclusively among friends.[C] culture exercises a great influence on social interrelationships.[D] courteous convention and individual interest are closely interrelated.2It is well known that when an individual joins a group he tends to accept the group's standards of behavior and thinking. He is expected to behave in accordance with these norms-in other words the group expects him to conform. Many illustrations could be given of this from everyday life, but what is of particular interest to psychologists is the extent to which people's judgments and opinions can be changed as a result of group pressure.In a typical experiment, the experimenter asks for volunteers to join a group that is investigating visual perception. The victims are not, therefore, aware of the real purpose of the experiment. Each volunteer is taken to a room where he finds a group of about seven people who are collaborating with the experimenter. The group is shown a standard card which contains a single line. They are then asked to look at a second card. This has three lines on it. One is obviously longer than the line on the first card, one is shorter and one the same length. They have to say which line on the second card is the same length as the line on the standard card. The other members of the group answer first but what the volunteer does not know is that they have been told to pick one of the wrong lines. The volunteer sees that the other members of the group unanimously choose a line which is obviously not the same length as the one on the standard card.When it is his turn to answer he is faced with the unanimous opinion of the group-all the others have chosen line A but he quite clearly sees line B as correct. What will he do? According to Asch, more than half of the victims chosen will change their opinion. What is equally surprising is that, when interviewed about their answers, most explained that they knew the group choice was incorrect but that they yielded to the pressure of the group because they thought they must be suffering from an optical illusion.6. Psychologists are interested in ________.[A] how far group pressure can influence people's judgments.[B] how to make judgments according to everyday experience.[C] how to change people's judgments.[D] the group's standards of social behaviour.7. In the experiment. Who have been told to pick the wrong line？[A] The victims. [B] The volunteer. [C] The experimenter. [D] The other members.8. In what circumstances do most people yield to pressure？[A] When the group is separated.[B] When the group is unanimous.[C] When they know they are the victims.[D] When they are forced to answer questions.9. The experiments demonstrate that _______.[A] nearly every individual will behave differently from others.[B] group pressure is caused by the interference of the psychologists.[C] psychologists wish to change the people's judgments and opinions.[D] people will change their ideas under group pressure.10.The best title of this passage would be _________.[A]A Typical Experiment.[B]Are We Afraid to be Different?[C]The Group's Standards of Behavior and Thinking.[D]Dose an Individual Need to Follow a Group's Standards?3The single business of Henry Thoreau, during forty-old years of eager activity was to discover an economy calculated to provide a satisfying life. His one concern, that gave to his ramblings in Concord fields a value of high adventure, was to explore the true meaning of wealth. As he understood the problem of economics, there three possible solutions open to him: to exploit himself, to exploit his fellows, or to reduce the problem to its lowest denominator. The first was quite impossible-to imprison oneself in a treadmill when the morning called to great adventure. To exploit one's fellows seemed to Thoreau's sensitive social conscience an even greater infidelity. Freedom with abstinence seemed to him better than serfdom with material well-being, and he was content to move to Walden Pond and to set about the high business of living, to confront only the essential facts of life and to see what it had to teach. He did not advocate that other men should build cabins and live isolated. He had no wish to dogmatize concerning the best mode of living-each must settle that for himself. But that a satisfying life should be lived, he was vitally concerned. The story of his emancipation from the lower economics is the one romance of his life，and Walden is his great book. It is a book in praise of life rather than of Nature, a record of calculating economics that studied saving in order to spend more largely. But it is a book of social criticism as well, in spite of its explicit denial of such a purpose. In considering the true nature of economy he concluded, with Ruskin, that the cost of a thing is the amount of life that is required in exchange for it, immediately or in the long run .In Walden Thoreau elaborated the text: The only wealth is life.11.Thoreau started an experiment at Walden Pond with the hope of ______.[A] learning how to live quietly.[B] writing a book on philosophy.[C] discovering what humans can learn from nature.[D] working out the best adjustment to material life .12. To Thoreau the best solution to the problem of economics is _______.[A] to live a very simple life.[B] to become self-sufficient.[C] to live in the country.[D] to reform the society.13. Thoreau holds that the crucial thing for people to do is to ________.[A] have a better understanding of what life means.[B] live harmoniously with nature.[C] to save as much as one possibly can.[D] to live a life that one is content with.14. In the book Walden all of the following can be found except________.[A] the nature of economy.[B] the meaning of freedom.[C] the criticism of society.[D] Ruskin's philosophy.15. Thoreau's attitude toward society can best be characterized as one of _______.[A] acceptance. [B] avoidance. [C] indifference. [D] individualism.4Automation refers to the introduction of electronic control and automatic operation of productive machinery. It reduces the human factors, mental and physical, in production, and is designed to make possible the manufacture of more goods with fewer workers. The development of automation in American industry has been called the Second Industrial Revolution.Labor's concern over automation arises from uncertainty about its effects on employment, and fears of major changes in jobs. In the main, labor has taken the view that resistance to technological change is futile. In the long run, the result of automation may well be an increase in employment, since it is expected that vast industries will grow up around manufacturing, maintaining, and repairing automation equipment. Unquestionably, however, there will be major shifts in jobs within plants and displacement of labor from one industry to another. The interest of labor lies in bringing about this transition with a minimum of inconvenience and distress to the workers involved. Also, union spokesmen emphasize that the benefit of the increased production and lower costs made possible by automation should be shared by workers in the form of higher wages, more leisure, and improved living standards.To protect the interests of their members in the era of automation, unions have adopted a number of new policies. One of these is the promotion of supplementary unemployment benefits plans. It is emphasized that since the employer involved in SUB plan has a direct financial stake in preventing unemployment, he will have a strong incentive for planning new installations so as to cause the least possible disruption in jobs and job assignments. Some unions are working for dismissal pay agreements, requiring that permanently laid off workers be paid a sum of money based on length of service. Another approach is the idea of the improvement factor, which calls for wage increase based on increases in productivity. It is probable, however, that labor will relymainly on reduction in working hours in order to gain a full share in the fruits of automation.16. We learn from paragraph 1 that automation will probably lead to_______.[A] industrial expansion[B] an increase in employment[C] displacement of labor from one industry to another.[D] an increase in unemployment.17. Labor has the opinion that _______.[A] all efforts must be made to prevent automation[B] automation will cause a rise in consumer costs[C] its main interest lies in increasing all wages.[D] technological change cannot be stopped.18. What is the relation between automation and employment in the opinion of labor?[A] Automation will definitely leads to more unemployment.[B] From a long-term point of view automation will bring about more jobs.[C] Automation will not cause much change in employment[D] sooner of later automation will do all the work instead of man19. The union stresses that ________.[A] workers should also enjoy the fruits brought about by automation.[B] no workers should be fired in the development of automation.[C] it is necessary to slow down the development of automation.[D] workers should be paid according to their length of service20. How many new policies of the unions have been listed in this passage?[A] 1 [B] 2 [C] 3 [D] 5VI Writing (20%)Directions: People may hold different views as to the dispute over when the shaping of a person's character, or natural disposition is completed. Some people state that the process of forming one's character is fulfilled in one's childhood, whereas others argue that it is achieved after one finishes his school studies or has worked for a year beyond campus. What do you think? Provide details in support of your argument with at least 180 words.。

中国考博辅导首选学校天津外国语大学2015考博报名勿患得患失要对备考内容查漏补缺
每年的考博网报时间，总是考生最煎熬的日子，仿佛这“一锤子”就能“定音”，直接决定考博的命运。

事实上，无论是在报名期间，还是在报名之后，考生都不必患得患失，报名后就有了更明确的目标，也有了向目标前进的力量。

联系我们扣扣：四九三三七一六二六。

电话：四零零六六八六九七八。

有些考生在报名时心乱，志愿报高了担心够不着，志愿报低了又不甘心，因此报名时迟迟下不了手，既扰乱了心情，又影响了复习效率。

还有些考生，为了求稳妥，同时注册两个用户名，报两个志愿，到现场确认时再确定选择哪所学校。

这种做法看似聪明，无形中却延长了犹豫时间，模糊了报考目标，从而影响了复习进度。

在报名时，考生不要患得患失。

事实上，无论走什么路，干什么事，目标一旦确定，就要保持豁达、平和的心态，持之以恒，不着急，不攀比，不消极，水到渠自成。

还有些考生在报名后心乱，之前复习工作还是按部就班，报名后心里开始忐忑，总担心考不上怎么办。

考生不要太注重结果，得到了当然最好，得不到也要心平气和。

既要淡泊，又要拼搏，拼搏过就不后悔。

只有在心平气和、轻松和淡泊中追求，才能体味到过程的滋味和乐趣。

如果不顾自身实际而一味地强求自己，那么从一开始就注定会是一个失败者。

对失败坦然，对成功淡然，而在成功之前需要耐心与平和。

只有心胸开阔、从容不迫地按照计划复习，才不会失去成功的希望。

离研考已不足百天，考生不要再纠结考上考不上的问题，而要想办法针对备考内容进行查漏补缺，争取在考场上不留遗憾。

本文由“育明考博”整理编辑。

天津大学考博英语复习技巧与方法 在英语学习过程中，每一阶段的提升都需要词汇量的提升。

因而词汇的记忆在任何时候都不能放松，需要我们不断的补充提高。

很多学生都有着自己习惯背诵单词的办法，而在我们记忆词汇的过程中是否有什么缺陷和误区呢，对于词汇记忆我们还有什么更好的办法呢?在词汇的学习中，大部分考生刚开始学单词的时候总是把一个单词按字母拆开一个个地背，记住它的一个汉语意思就觉得够了。

其实，少量的单词效果还是不错的，后来词汇量要加大的时候就觉得力不从心了。

记单词要掌握英语字母音节的发音规律，通过发音来背单词，再写出拼写。

而不要只背拼写，一定要会读这个单词，这样才不容易遗忘。

学习英语的时候，不能只重视长难的单词。

有的看到多音节词就查字典，而对一些单音节的词或它们组成的短语常常忽略掉，不查也不记，觉得没什么用。

其实，像那些比较长的单词用作专业词汇的比较多。

那些小的单词则是英语的本土字，在日常生活中使用较频繁，而且词义一般比较多、变化也比较多，是较难掌握的，应该是大家学习的重点。

只记单词的中文含义是不可取的。

对于英文单词，不能只记它的中文意思，英文单词是有词性的，如果不清楚词性很容易导致句子结构的错误。

英语单词的每个词除了有多种意思，还几乎都有多个词性，比如名词、动词、形容词、副词和介词等等，各种词性的使用都是有明确规定的，比如介词总跟名词或名词从句连用、副词跟动词或形容词连用。

每句话的基本组成部分是主语、谓语和宾语，还会有一些从句、介词短语和副词短语等用作修饰。

所以大家不管是读句子还是写句子，都要注意短语、单词的词性和使用。

关于英语词汇记忆的方法：（PS:The way to contact yumingkaobo TEL:si ling ling-liu liu ba-liu jiu qi ba QQ: 772678537)1.逻辑记忆：通过词的本身的内部逻辑关系，词与词之间的外部逻辑关系记忆单词。

2.联想记忆：(1)音与形的联想，即根据读音规则记忆单词。