2016《考研英语词汇考点逐词精讲》商志主讲7月13日

2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)In Cambodia，the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends,１those of the young women, but also a matchmaker. A young man can 2 a likely spouse on his own and them ask his parents to 3 the marriage negotiations，or the young man’s parents may make the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. 4 , a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen. 5 a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying 6 a good family.The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days， 7 by the 1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and 8 prayers of blessing. Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting, 9 cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride’s and groom’s wrists ,and 10 a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the 11 .Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wife’s parents and may 12 with them up to a year, 13 they can build a flew house nearby.Divorce is legal and easy to 14 ,but not common .Divorced persons are 15 with some disapproval. Each spouse retains 16 property he or she 17 into the marriage, and jointly –acquired property is 18 equally. Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice 19 up .The divorced male doesn’t have a waiting period before he can remarry 20 the woman must wait the months.1. [A] by way of [B] as well as [C] on behalf of [D] with regard to2. [A] adapt to [B] provide for [C]compete with [D] decide on3. [A] close [B] renew [C]arrange [D] postpone4. [A] In theory [B] Above all [C] In time [D] For example5. [A] Although [B] Lest [C] After [D] Unless6. [A] into [B] within [C] from [D] through7. [A] sine [B] or [C] but [D] so8. [A] test [B]copy [C]recite [D] create9. [A] folding [B] piling [C] wrapping [D] tying10. [A] lighting [B] passing [C] hiding [D] serving11. [A] meeting [B] association [C] collection [D]union12. [A] grow [B] part [C] deal [D]live13. [A] whereas [B] until [C] for [D] if14. [A] obtain [B] follow [C] challenge [ D]avoid15. [A] isolated [B] persuaded [C] viewed [D] exposed16. [A]wherever [B] however [C] whenever [D]whatever17. [A] changed [B] brought [C] shaped [D] pushed18. [A] divided [B] invested [C] donated [D] withdrawn19. [A]clears [B] warms [C] shows [D] breaks20. [A]while [B] so what [C]once [D] in thatSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1France, which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for woman. Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways.The parliament also agreed to ban websites that”incite excessive thinness” by promoting extreme dieting.Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up with impinging on health. That’s a start. And the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starring themselves to health –as some have done. It tells the fashion industry that it move take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape –measure they must use to determine their individual worth.The bans, if fully enforced ,would suggest to woman (and many men )that they should not let others be orbiters of their beauty .And perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look tointangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to sine zero or wasp-waist physiques .The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep-and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mess could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison.The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standard for models and fashion images there rely more on pear pressure for enforcement.In contrast to France’s actions, Denmark’s fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding age, health, and other characteristics of models .The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical charter clearly states, we are aware of and take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on body ideals, especially on young people. The charter’s main toll of enforcement is to deny access for designers and modeling agencies to Copenhagen. Fashion week, which is men by the Danish Fashion Institute .But in general it relies on a name-and –shame method of compliance.Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step. Even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry.21. According to the first paragraph, what would happen in France?[A] Physical beauty would be redefined[B] New runways would be constructed[C] Websites about dieting would thrive[D] The fashion industry would decline22. The phrase “impinging on”(Line2 Para2) is closest in meaning to[A] heightening the value of[B] indicating the state of[C] losing faith in[D] doing harm to23. Which of the following is true of the fashion industry[A] The French measures have already failed[B] New standards are being set in Denmark[C] Models are no longer under peer pressure[D] Its inherent problems are getting worse24. A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW for[A] setting perfect physical conditions[B] caring too much about models’ character[C] showing little concern for health factors[D] pursuing a high age threshold for models25. Which of the following maybe the best title of the text?[A] A challenge to the Fashion Industry’s Body Ideals[B] A Dilemma for the starving models in France[C] Just Another Round of struggle for beauty[D] The Great Threats to the Fashion IndustryText 2For the first time in the history more people live in towns than in the country. In Britain this has had a curious result. While polls show Britons rate “the countryside” alongside the royal family. Shakespeare and the National Health Service (NHS) as what make them proudest of their country, this has limited political support. A century ago Octavia Hill launched the National Trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save “the beauty of natural places for everyone forever”. It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience “a refreshing air”. Hill’s pressure later led to the creation of national parks and green belts. They don’t make countryside any more, and every year concrete consumes more of it .It needs constant guardianship.At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment. The Conservatives’ planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation, even authorizing “off–plan” building where local people might object. The concept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable. Labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development. The Liberal Democrats are silent only u sensing itschance, has sides with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land. Its campaign to protect Rural England struck terror into many local conservative parties.The sensible place to build new houses factories and offices is where people are in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place. The London agents Stirling Ackroyed recently identified enough sites for half of million houses in the Landon area alone with no intrusion on green belts. What is true of London is even truer of the provinces. The idea that “housing crisis” equals “concreted meadows” is pure lobby talk. The issue is not the need for more houses but, as always, where to put them under lobby pressure, George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. He favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets. This is not a free market but a biased one. Rural towns and villages have grown and will always grow. They do so best where building sticks to their edges and respects their character. We do not ruin urban conservation areas. Why ruin rural ones?Development should be planned, not let trip, After the Netherlands, Britain is Europe’s most crowed country. Half a century of town and country planning has enable it to retain an enviable rural coherence, while still permitting low-density urban living. There is no doubt of the alternative-the corrupted landscapes of southern Portugal, Spain or Ireland. Avoiding this rather than promoting it should unite the left and right of the political spectrum.26. Britain’s public sentiment about the countryside[A] is not well reflected in politics[B] is fully backed by the royal family[C] didn’t start fill the Shakespearean age[D] has brought much benefit to the NHS27. According to paragraph 2，the achievements of the National Trust are now being[A] largely overshadowed[B] properly protected[C] effectively reinforced[D] gradually destroyed28. Which of the following can be offered from paragraph 3[A] Labour is under attack for opposing development[B] The Conservatives may abandon “off-plan” building[C] Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation[D] The Liberal Democrats are losing political influence29. The author holds that George Osbornes’s preference[A] shows his disregard for the character of rural area[B] stresses the necessity of easing the housing crisis[C] highlights his firm stand against lobby pressure[D] reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas30. In the last paragraph the author show his appreciation of[A] the size of population in Britain[B] the enviable urban lifestyle in Britain[C] the town-and-country planning in Britain[D] the political life in today’s BritainText 3“There is one and only one social responsibility of business” wrote Milton Friedman, a Nobel Prize-winning economist “That is, to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits.” But even if you accept Friedman’s premise and regard corporate social responsibility(CSR) policies as a waste of shareholders’s money, things may not be absolutely clear-act. New research suggests that CSR may create monetary value for companies at least when they are prosecuted for corruption.The largest firms in America and Britain together spend more than $15 billion a year on CSR, according to an estimate by EPG, a consulting firm. This could add value to their businesses in three ways. First, consumers may take CSR spending as a “signal” that a company’s products are of high quality. Second, customers may be willing to buy a company’s products as an indirect may to donate to the good causes it helps. And third, through a more diffuse “halo effect” whereby its good deeds earn it greater consideration from consumers and others.Previous studies on CSR have had trouble differentiating these effects because consumers can be affected by all three. A recent study attempts to separate them by looking at bribery prosecutions under American’s Foreign Corrupt Practices Act（FCPA）.It argues that since prosecutors do not consume a company’s products as part of their investigations，they could beinfluenced only by the halo effect.The study found that，among prosecuted firms，those with the most comprehensive CSR programmes tended to get more lenient penalties. Their analysis ruled out the possibility that it was firm’s political influence, rather than their CSR stand, that accounted for the leniency: Companies that contributed more to political campaigns did not receive lower fines.In all, the study concludes that whereas prosecutors should only evaluate a case based on its merits, they do seem to be influenced by a company’s record in CSR. “We estimate that either eliminating a substantial labour-rights concern, such as child labour, or increasing corporate giving by about20% result in fines that generally are 40% lower than the typical punishment for bribing foreign officials.” says one researcher.Researchers admit that their study does not answer the question at how much businesses ought to spend on CSR. Nor does it reveal how much companies are banking on the halo effect, rather than the other possible benefits, when they companies get into trouble with the law, evidence of good character can win them a less costly punishment.31. The author views Milton Friedman’s statement about CSR with[A]uncertainty[B]skepticism[C]approval[D]tolerance32. According to Paragraph 2, CSR helps a company by[A]guarding it against malpractices[B]protecting it from consumers[C]winning trust from consumers.[D]raising the quality of its products33. The expression “more lenient”(line 2,Para.4)is closest in meaning to[A]less controversial[B]more lasting[C]more effective[D]less severe34. When prosecutors evaluate a case, a company’s CSR record[A]comes across as reliable evidence[B]has an impact on their decision[C]increases the chance of being penalized[D]constitutes part of the investigation35. Which of the following is true of CSR according to the last paragraph?[A] The necessary amount of companies spending on it is unknown[B] Companies’ financial capacity for it has been overestimated[C] Its negative effects on businesses are often overlooked[D]It has brought much benefit to the banking industryText 4There will eventually come a day when The New York Times ceases to publish stories on newsprint. Exactly when that day will be is a matter of debate. ”Sometime in the future,” the paper’s publisher said back in 2010.Nostalgia for ink on paper and the rustle of pages aside, there’s plenty of incentive to ditch print. The infrastructure required to make a physical newspaper – printing presses, delivery trucks – isn’t just expensive; it’s excessive at a time when online – only competitors don’t have the same set of financial constraints. Readers are migrating away from print anyway. And though print ad sales still dwarf their online and mobile counterparts, revenue from print is still declining.Overhead may be high and circulation lower, but rushing to eliminate its print edition would be a mistake, says BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Peretti.Peretti says the Times shouldn’t waste time getting out of the print business, but only if they go about doing it the right way. “Figuring out a way to accelerate that transition would make sense for them,” he said, “but if you discontinue it, you’re going have your most loyal customers really upset with you.”Sometimes that’s worth making a change anyway. Peretti gives the example of Netflix discontinuing its DVD-mailing service to focus on streaming. “It was seen as blunder,” he said. The move turned out to be foresighted. And if Peretti were in charge atthe Times? ”I wouldn’t pick a year to end print,” he said “I would raise prices and make it into more of a legacy product.”The most loyal customers would still get the product they favor, the idea goes, and they’d feel like they were helping sustain the quality of something they believe in. “So if you’re overpaying for print, you could feel like you were helping,” Peretti said. “Then increase it at a higher rate each year and essentially try to generate additional revenue.”In other words, if you’re going to make a print product, make it for the people who are already obsessed with it. Which may be what the Times is doing already. Getting the print edition seven days a week costs nearly $500 a year – more than twice as much as a digital – only subscription.“It’s a really hard thing to do and it’s a tremendous luxury that BuzzFeed doesn’t have a legacy business,” Peretti remarked. “But we’re going to have questions like that where we have things we’re doing that don’t make sense when the market changes and the world changes. In those situations, it’s better to be more aggressive that less aggressive.”36. The New York Times is considering ending it’s print edition partly due to[A] the increasing online and sales[B] the pressure from its investors[C] the complaints from its readers[D] the high cost of operation37. Peretti suggests that in face of the present situation, The Times should[A] make strategic adjustments[B] end the print sedition for good[C] seek new sources of leadership[D] aim for efficient management38. It can be inferred from paragraphs 5and 6 that a ” legacy product”[A] helps restore the glory of former times[B] is meant for the most loyal customers[C] will have the cost of printing reduced[D] expands the popularity of the paper39. Peretti believes that in a changing world[A] traditional luxuries can stay unaffected[B] cautiousness facilitates problem-solving[C] aggressiveness better meets challenges[D] legacy businesses are becoming out dated40. which of the following would be the best title of the text?[A] shift to online newspapers all at once[B] Cherish the Newspapers still in Your Hand[C] keep Your Newspapers Forever in Fashion[D] Make Your print Newspapers a luxury GoodPart BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each of the numbered paragraphs (41-45). There are two extra subheadings. Mark your answers on the ANSER SHEET. (10 point)[A] Create a new image of yourself[B] Decide if the time is right[C] Have confidence in yourself[D]Understand the context[E]Work with professionals[F]Make it efficient[G]Know your goalsNo matter how formal or informal the work environment, the way you present yourself has an impact. This is especially true in the first impressions. According to research from Princeton University , people assess your competence, trustworthiness, and likeability in just a tenth of a second, solely based on the way you look.The difference between today’s workplace and the “dress for success” era is that the range of options is so much broader. Norms have evolved and fragmented. In some settings, red sneakers or dress T-shirts can convey status; in other not so much. Plus, whatever image we present is magnified by social-media services like LinkedIn. Chances are, your headshots are seen much more often now than a decade or two ago. Millennials, it seems, face the paradox of being the least formal generation yet the most conscious of style and personal branding. It can be confusing.So how do we navigate this? How do we know when to invest in an upgrade? And what’s the best way to pull off one than enhances our goals? Here are some tips:41_________________________As an executive coach, I’ve seen image upgrades be particular helpful during transitions-when looking for a new job, stepping into a new or more public role, or changing work environments. If you’re in a period of change or just feeling stuck and in a rut, now may be a good time. If you’re not sure, ask for honest feedback from trusted friends, colleagues and professionals. Look for cues about how others perceive you. Maybe there’s no need for an upgrade and that’s OK42________________________Get clear on what impact you’re hoping to have. Are you looking to refresh your image or pivot it? For one person, the goal may be to be taken more seriously and enhance their professional image. For another, it may be to be perceived as more approachable, or more modern and stylish. For someone moving from finance to advertising, maybe they want to look more “SoHo.” (It’s OK to use characterizations like that )43 ________________________Look at your work environment like an anthropologist. What are the norms of your environment? What conveys status? Who are your most important audiences? How do the people you respect and look up to present themselves? The better you understand the cultural context, the more control you can have over your impact.44 _______________________Enlist the support of professionals and share with them your goals and context. Hire a personal stylist, or use the free styling service of a store like J. Crew. Try a hair stylist instead of a barber. Work with a professional photographer instead of your spouse or friend. It’s not as expensive as you might think.45 ________________________The point of a style upgrade isn’t to become more vain or to spend more time fussing over what to wear. Instead, use it as an opportunity to reduce decision fatigue. Pick a standard work uniform or a few go-to options. Buy all your clothes at once with a stylist instead of shopping alone, one article of clothing at a time.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) Mental health is our birthright. (46) we don’t have to learn how to be mentally healthy, it is built into us in the same way that our bodies know how to heal a cut or mend, a broken bone. Mental health can’t be learned, only reawakened. It is like immune system of the body, which under stress or through lack of nutrition or exercise can be weakened, but which never leaves us. When we don’t understand the value of mental health and we don’t know how to gain access to it, mental health will remain hidden from us. (47) Our mental health doesn’t go anywhere; like the sun behind a cloud, it can be temporarily hidden from view, but it is fully capable of being restored in an instant.Mental health is the seed that contains self-esteem –confidence in ourselves and an ability to trust in our common sense. It allows us to have perspective on our lives-the ability to not take ourselves too seriously, to laugh at ourselves, to see the bigger picture, and to see that things will work out. It’s a form of innate or unlearned optimism. (48) Mental health allows us to view others with sympathy if they are having troubles, with kindness if they are in pain, and with unconditional love no matter who they are. Mental health is the source of creativity for solving problems, resolving conflict, making our surroundings more beautiful, managing our home life, or coming up with a creative business idea or invention to make our lives easier. It gives us patience for ourselves. And toward others as well as patience while driving, catching a fish, working on our car, or raising a child.It allows us to see the beauty that surrounds us each moment in nature, in culture, in the flow of our daily lives. (49)Although mental health is the cure-all for living our lives, it is perfecting ordinary as you will see that it has been there to direct you through all your difficult decisions. It has been available even in the most mundane of life situations to show you right from wrong, good from bad, friend from foe. Mental health has commonly been called conscience, instinct, wisdom, common sense, or the inner voice, we think of it simply as a health and helpful flow of intelligent thought. (50) As you will come to see, knowing that mental health is always available and knowing to trust it allow us to slow down to the moment and live life happily.Section III WritingPart A51. Directions:Suppose you are a librarian in your university. Write a notice of about 100 words. Providing the newly-enrolled international students with relevant information about the library.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name at the end of the notice. Use Li Ming instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following pictures In your essay, you should1) describe the pictures briefly2) interpret the meaning , and3) give your commentsYou should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points)Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use Li Ming instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)1、【答案】[B] as well as【解析】根据空格所在句子的内容可以判断，“择偶涉及男方的亲朋好友，_____女方的亲朋好友”显然前后是并列关系，选项中只有B选项as well as 表示并列关系。

Section ⅠUse of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)In Cambodia, the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends, __1__those of the young woman, but also a matchmaker. A young man can __2__ a likely spouse on his own and then ask his parents to __3__the marriage negotiations, or the young man’s parents may take the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. __4__, a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen. __5__ a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying __6__ a good family.The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days, __7__1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and __8__ prayers of blessing. Par--ts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting,__9__cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride's and groom's wrists, and __10__a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the __11__. Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wife's parents and may__12__ with them up to a year, __13__they can build a new house nearby.Divorce is legal and easy to __14__, but not common. Divorced persons are __15__ with some disapproval. Each spouse retains ___16___ property he or she __17__ into the marriage, and jointly-acquired property is __18__ equally. Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice __19__up. The divorced male doesn't have a waiting period before he can remarry __20__the woman must wait ten months.1. A. by way of B. with regard to C. on behalf of D. as well as2. A. decide on B. provide for C. compete with D. adapt to3. A. close B. arrange C. renew D. postpone4. A. In theory B. Above all C. In time D. For example5. A. Unless B. Less C. After D. Although6. A. into B. within C. from D. through7. A. or B. since C. but D. so8. A. test B. copy C. recite D. create9. A. folding B. piling C. wrapping D. tying10. A. passing B. lighting C. hiding D. serving11. A. association B. meeting C. collection D. union12. A. deal B. part C. grow D. live13. A. whereas B. until C. for D. if14. A. avoid B. follow C. challenge D. obtain15. A. isolated B. persuaded C. viewed D. exposed16. A. wherever B. whatever C. whenever D. however17. A. changed B. brought C. shaped D. pushed18. A. invested B. divided C. donated D. withdrawn19. A. warms B. clears C. shows D. breaks20. A. while B. so that C. once D. in that1.[标准答案] [D]as well as[考点分析] 本题考察逻辑关系[选项分析] 因为考察逻辑关系，所以需要我们先对填空前后的原文信息做定位分析：文章身处大环境not only…..but also之中，这是一个明显的并列关系，表示“不仅……而且……”该空与前一句“his parents and his friends”也是并列关系，表示“与他本人以及伴侣的父母朋友相关”所以答案只能是D. as well as.A. by way of通过B. with regard to 关于C. on behalf of 代表2.[标准答案] [A] decide on[考点分析] 上下文语义[选项分析] 根据该句的主语a young man与宾语a likely spouse的关系，答案只能是A. decide on 决定。

challenge n.挑战(书);艰巨任务,难题v.向…挑战furnish v.供应,提供;装备,布置establish v.建立,设立;安置,使定居intellectual n.知识分子a.智力的，理智的，有理解力的qualification n.资格,合格;限定,条件;合格证worthy a.(of)值得…的,配得上…的;有价值的appearance n.出现，露面；外表；(在会议等) 作短暂露面aspect n.样子, 外表, 面貌, (问题等的) 方面liquid n.液体a.液体的,液态的sword n.剑，刀lad n.男孩；少年；男青年；小伙子apply vi.(以书面形式)申请；请求vt.应用；实施exterior a.外部的,外面的n.外部preference n.(for,to)偏爱,喜爱;优惠;优先选择elbow n.肘，(衣服的)肘部vt.用肘推，用肘挤discipline n.纪律,学科terrific a.极好的,非常的,极度的thrill n.一阵激动(恐惧)v.激动；(使)毛骨悚然flu n.(influenza)流行性感冒replacement n.取代,替换,替换物,代替物edition n.版次, 版本,（出版形式）triumph n.胜利,成功v.得胜,战胜hostage n.人质loaf n.一个面包applicable a.可应用(实施)的；适当的,合适的motion n. 运动，提议diploma n.毕业文凭,学位证书dragon n.龙contrast n.对比，对照vi.形成对比vt.把…与…对比trend n.倾向,趋势vi.伸向,倾向honorable a.(honourable)可敬的;荣誉的, 光荣的transition n.转变，变迁，过渡(时期)appendix n.附录，附属物；阑尾，盲肠objection n.(to)反对,异议,不喜欢,反对的理由inflation n.通货膨胀substantial a.实质的;相当的;显著的;坚固的;富裕的hasty a.匆忙的,仓促的;草率的interpret vt.解释,说明;口译fraction n.碎片,小部分,一点儿;分数romance n.传奇,爱情故事rectangle n.长方形，矩形owl n.猫头鹰denote vt.表示,意味着editor n.编辑，编者fruitful a.多产的;果实累累的,富有成效的startle v.惊吓,使吃惊inlet n.水湾,小湾;进口,入口system n.系统，体系；制度；方法，方式，步聚concede vt.承认；容许；(比赛结束前) 认输；退让jewelry n.珠宝dictate v.口授;(使)听写;指令,指示,命令;lame a.跛的,(辩解、论据等)无说服力的exhaust v.使筋疲力尽,耗尽;抽完n.排气装置;废气stiff a.硬的,僵直的;拘谨的;呆板的;艰难的pinch v.捏,掐,拧;收缩;紧急关头;匮乏; 压力pants n.长裤，宽松的便裤，内裤remnant n.剩余(物),零料,遗迹projector n.放映机,幻灯机,投影仪torrent n.激流，洪流；爆发，(话语等的) 连发crisp a.脆的，易碎的tag n.标签，货签，v 贴标签于duration n.持久;期间;持续时间dealer n.商人incident n.事件,事变zeal n.热心，热忱，热情rhythm n.节奏,韵律educate v.教育，培养，训练overlook v.看漏,忽略;俯瞰,眺望;宽容,放任shear v.剪,修剪kidnap vt.诱拐；绑架，劫持propaganda n.宣传(机构)；prescribe v.指示，规定，开处方cape n.海角，岬；披肩，短披风solo n.独奏a.&ad.单独的(地)；独唱的(地)neglect v./n.忽视;疏忽,漏做,忽略quantify v.确定数量faulty a.有错误的，有缺点的，不完善的eliminate vt.除去;淘汰;排(删,消)除;削减(人员) upright a.垂直的,直立的;正直的,诚实的ad.竖立着invitation n.邀请，招待，请柬commemorate vt.纪念，庆祝reproach v./n.责备,指责dilute vt.稀释，冲淡a.稀释的，冲淡的sane a.心智健全的,神志清醒的,明智的,稳健的lease vt.出租,租用n.租借,租期,租赁物browse vi.随意翻阅，浏览；(牛、羊等) 吃草tentative a.试探性的，暂时的；犹豫不决的seam n.缝,接缝highway n.公路，大路alter vt.改变，更改；改做(衣服)vi.改变，变化manipulate vt.(熟练地)使用，操作；(巧妙地) 处理accuracy n.准确（性）；精确；准确度descendant n.子孙,后代sting v./n.刺,刺痛,剧痛;刺,叮linguistic a.语言的，语言学的outbreak n.(战争,愤怒,火灾等的)爆发,(疾病的)发作phrase n.短语,词语,习语brochure n.小册子enormous a.巨大的,庞大的exclude v.拒绝,把…排除在外,排斥spin v.旋转;纺纱;织网,吐丝n.旋转;自转brutal a.残忍的;严峻的;严酷的howl n.怒吼，嗥叫vi.(风等)怒吼，咆哮network n.网状物，广播网，电视网，网络evident a.明显的,明白的dynamic a.动力的,电动的;有生气的swan n.天鹅vi.闲荡，游荡rigorous a.严格的,严厉的,严酷的,严密的, 严谨的technology n.工艺，技术wax n.蜡,蜂蜡v.打蜡pillow n.枕头solidarity n.团结；休戚相关slaughter n.屠杀，屠宰vt.屠杀，宰杀pit n.坑,陷阱;煤矿,矿井decay v./n.腐朽,腐烂;衰减,衰退pray v.请求,恳求;祈祷,祈求grand a.盛大的,豪华的;重大的,主要的booth n.电话亭,货摊beware v.当心,谨防occasion n.场合,时节,时刻;时机,机会numerous a.众多的,许多的,大批的element n.元素;要素;成分;元件;自然环境nursery n.托儿所worship n.礼拜,礼拜仪式;崇拜v.崇拜,敬仰;做礼拜dental a.牙齿的；牙科(用)的dense a.浓厚的,密集的,稠密的productivity n.生产率valve n.阀;(英)电子管,真空管;(心脏的）瓣膜abuse vt.滥用；辱骂；诋毁n.滥用；恶习；弊端circular a.圆(形)的,环形的;循环的n.传单,通报classic n.(pl.)杰作,名著a.第一流的,不朽的revive v.恢复;(使)复苏disguise n./v.假装,伪装deny v.否认,否定;拒绝huddle n./v.拥挤;聚集v.(因寒冷、害怕而)缩成一团cheat v.欺骗，作弊n.骗子，欺骗行为cellar n.地窑,地下室court n.法院,法庭;宫廷,朝廷;院子;球场namely ad.即,也就是paw n.爪undertake v.承担,担任;许诺,保证;着手,从事instrumental a.仪器的;器械的;乐器的;起作用的;有帮助的generate vt.产生,发生;生殖threat n.恐吓,威胁;坏兆头,危险迹象manual a.手的,手工做的,体力的n.手册,指南hamburger n.汉堡包，牛肉饼fabulous a.极好的；极为巨大的；寓言中的，传说中的graduate n.大学毕业生,研究生v.大学毕业a.毕了业的inhabit vt.居住于,存在于;栖息于constant a.固定的，持续的,忠实的n.常数,恒量prosperity n.繁荣,兴旺siege n.包围，围攻，围困handwriting n.笔迹,手迹,书法conduct n.行为,品行v.引导;管理;指挥(乐队);传导lever n.杆,杠杆,手段,途径,工具blend n.混合(物) v.混和,混杂crab n.螃蟹,蟹肉ample a.充分的，富裕的；宽敞的，宽大的urban a.城市的, 市内的preside v.(at,over)主持psychology n.心理,心理学,心理状态rash a.轻率的,鲁莽的n.皮疹radical a.基本的,重要的;激进的,极端的;根本的document n.公文，文件，文献inventory n.详细目录,存货,财产清册,总量pillar n.柱,台柱,栋梁harm n./v.伤害,损害,危害grip v./n.紧握,抓紧;掌握antenna n.(无线电或电视的)天线sip v.小口地喝，抿，呷n.一小口的量devise vt.设计;发明;图谋;作出(计划); 想出(办法)bold a.大胆的,勇敢的;冒失的;黑体的,粗体的highly adv.高度地，非常，很，赞许地stadium n.体育场diffuse v.扩散;传播a.(文章等)冗长的,漫无边际的globe n.球体,地球仪;地球,世界negligible a.可忽略不计的，微不足道的mostly adv.主要地，大部分，通常dine v.吃饭，进餐graph n.图表,曲线图tile n.瓦片,瓷砖vt.铺瓦于，贴砖于jail n.监狱，拘留所v.监禁某人segregate vt.使分开，隔离（病患等）spider n.蜘蛛invasion n.入侵,侵略,侵犯precedent n.先例critical a.批评的,评论的;危急,紧要的; 临界的excursion n.短途旅行,游览;离题;commit v.把…交托给,提交;犯(错误), 干(坏事)integrate v.(into,with)(使)成为一体,(使) 结合在一起message n.消息,信息,通讯,启示,教训, 广告词,预言crash v./n.碰撞,坠落,摔坏n.失败,瓦解;爆裂声environment n.环境，外界cosy a.暖和舒服的；舒适的boundary n.分界线,边界peep v.偷看,窥视toast n.烤面包,吐司;祝酒(词)v.烘,烤;(向…)祝酒conductor n.管理者；(汽车)售票员；领队，指挥；导体neighborhood n.邻居，四邻，街道，住宅区halt n.止步,停步,停止前进v.止步,(使)停止isle n.小岛(用于诗歌中)intrigue n.阴谋v.密谋,私通;激起…的兴趣;诡计取得character n.性格,品质,特性;人物,角色,字符,(汉)字stoop v.弯腰,俯身n.弯腰,曲背cater vi.(for/to)满足,迎合;(for)提供饮食及服务inertia n.不活动,惰性;惯性deviate v.(from)背离,偏离drawer n.抽屉closet n.(壁)橱a.私下的vt.把…引进密室会谈deadly a.致命的，致死的luggage n.行李,皮箱plausible a.似是而非的,似乎合理的,似乎可信的vice n.邪恶;恶习;(pl.)台钳,老虎钳repay v.偿还,报答underneath prep.在…下面ad.在下面,在底下blur n.模糊不清的事物；污点vt.使模糊；玷污percentage n.百分数,百分率,百分比nucleus n.(pl.nuclei)核,核心,原子核ambiguous a.引起歧义的，模棱两可的，含糊不清的crust n.外皮,壳;地壳interference n.干涉，干预，妨碍，打扰regardless a./ad.不管…的,不顾…的,不注意的terror n.恐怖，可怕的人（事）shelter n.掩蔽处;掩蔽,保护v.掩蔽,躲避,庇护lick vt.舔；(火焰或浪)掠过；打败n.舔；少量lest conj.惟恐,免得confine vt.限制；使不外出，禁闭n.textile n.纺织品a.纺织的grieve v.使悲伤,使伤心provision n.供应,(一批)供应品;预备; 条款;(pl.)给养contradict v.反驳;同…矛盾,同…抵触infectious a. 传染的，有传染性的，有感染力的mat n.席子,垫子union n.联合,团结;联盟,联邦;协会, 社团;和谐intelligible a.可理解的，明白易懂的，清楚的supplement n.补遗;增刊;附录v.增刊,补充propel vt.推进，推动；激励，驱使torch n.手电筒，火炬，火把appal v.使惊骇，使恐怖snowstorm n.暴风雪dorm n.(dormitory)［美］［口］宿舍drain n.排水沟,阴沟;消耗,负担v.排去,放干portrait n.肖像,画像stationery n.文具expand v.(使)膨胀,(使)扩张;张开,展开spade n.铁锹,铲子visual a.看的,看得见的;视觉的vocal a.声音的;有声的;歌唱的n.元音;声乐作品attribute v.(to)归因于,归属于n.属性,品质,特征occurrence n.发生，出现，事件，事故，发生的事情laptop n.膝上型电脑attach v.系，贴，装，连接；使成为一部分；使依恋arch n.拱门，桥拱洞v.拱起，(使)变成弓形available a.(用于物)可利用的；可见到的，接受采访的compound n.混合物,化合物a.混合的,化合的；vt.混合data n.(datum的复数)资料，数据gown n.长袍，特殊场合穿的长服underestimate vt.低估，看轻vague a.不明确的,含糊的,暧昧的locomotive n.机车,火车头a.运动的,移动的,运载的tremendous a.巨大的,极大的deprive vt.剥夺,夺去,使丧失rape n./vt.掠夺,蹂躏,强奸preparation n.准备,预备;制剂,制备品affirm vt.断言，坚持声称；肯定；证实, 确认；petrol n.汽油seal n.封铅,封条;印,图章;海豹v.封,密封confidence n.(in)信任;信心,自信;秘密,机密simultaneous a.同时的,同时存在的specimen n.标本,样本audience n.听众，观众，读者，谒见，会见collision n.碰撞；(利益，意见等的)冲突，抵触constitute vt.组成，构成，形成；设立，建立，任命rehearsal n.排练,排演,演习,预演,试演headquarters n.司令部,指挥部;总部,总局alert a.机警的，警觉的；机灵的vt.使…警觉plentiful a.富裕的,丰富的congress n.(代表)大会;(美国等国的)国会, 议会foremost a.最先的;最初的; 主要的ad.首要地arouse vt.唤醒，叫醒；唤起，激起interact v.互相作用,互相影响utter v.说,发出(声音)a.彻底的,完全的chill n.寒冷,寒气,寒战v.使寒冷salad n .色拉，凉拌菜yell vi.大叫;呼喊vt.叫着说n.叫声;喊声tomb n.坟,冢keen a.锋利的;敏锐的;敏捷的;(on)热心的,渴望的topic n.话题,主题,题目growth n.生长，发展，增长aboard ad.&prep.在船(飞机、车)上；ad.上船(飞机)describe v.描述,形容aware a.知道的，意识到的；straightforward a.正直的;简单的,易懂的ad.坦率地advisable a.可取的，适当的，明智的fiber n.(fibre)纤维;构造;纤维制品dedicate vt.奉献;献身于stall n.货摊;畜栏,厩v.(使)停转,(使)停止rectify v.纠正,整顿,resign v.辞去,辞职,使听从(于),使顺从oar n.桨,橹v.划,划动,划行merchant n.商人,零售商royalty n.皇家,皇族innumerable a.无数的,数不清的verge n.边,边缘v.濒临community n.同一地区的全体居民,社会,社区;共同体prosperous a.繁荣的,兴旺的,茂盛的,顺利的foam v./n.泡沫,起泡沫veteran n.老手,老兵feature n.特征;容貌;特色;特写v.以...为特色monarch n.帝王，君主，最高统治者novelty n.新奇,新颖,新奇的事物junction n.连接,接合,交叉点,枢纽站, 接头,中继线principle n.原理,原则;主义,信念thrive v.兴旺,繁荣combination n.结合，联合；化合；团体；组合数码splash v.溅,泼n.溅,飞溅声synthesis n.(pl.syntheses)综合,合成deteriorate v.(使)恶化,(使)变坏confer v.商讨；授予，颁给(勋衔，学位等) miracle n.奇迹,令人惊奇的人(或事)limp a.柔软的,易曲的v./n.蹒跚,跛行consent v./n.(to)同意,赞成,答应abnormal a.反常的，不正常的，不规则的mischief n.损害,伤害,危害;恶作剧,胡闹; 灾祸introduction n.(to)介绍;传入,引进;导言,导论,绪论colonial a.殖民地的，关于殖民的n.殖民地居民efficient a.有效的,效率高的;有能力的,能胜任的benefit n.利益,好处,恩惠v.有益于;(from,by)受益bosom n.胸，胸部；胸怀；内心；a.亲密的solar a.太阳的,日光的dissolve v.(使)溶解,(使)融化;解散,取消fisherman n.渔民，渔夫semiconductor n.半导体arrange v.安排，筹划；整理，使有条理，排列，布置orderly a.整齐的,有秩序的,有条理的n.勤务兵meantime n.(meanwhile)其间,其时ad.同时,当时reptile n.爬行动物rag n.抹布,破布,碎布tuition n.学费；(某一学科的)教学，讲授，指导heave v.(用力)举，提，拉；扔；拖；呕吐n.举起enthusiasm n.热情,热心;狂热;积极性(for)pope n.罗马教皇,主教,大腿上要害部位edible a.可食用的supervise v.管理,监督likewise ad.同样地,照样地;又,也,而且plea n.(法律)抗辩；请求，恳求，托词，口实reclaim v.要求归还,收回;开垦thorough a.彻底的,完全的;精心的trunk n.大衣箱,皮箱;(汽车后部)行李箱;树干,躯干historic a.有历史意义的，历史的fitting a.适当的,恰当的n.(常pl.)配件,附件;装配cashier n.收银员,出纳员sober a.清醒的;认真的,冷静的,适度的obsolete a.已废弃的,过时的navy n.海军rural a.乡下的,田园的,乡村风味的indulge v.放任，纵容，沉溺；使(自己) 纵情享受funeral n.丧葬,葬礼mobilize v.(mobilise)动员,赋予可动性feminine a.女性的;娇柔的combat v./n.战斗,搏斗,格斗style n.风格,文体;式样,时式,类型cottage n.村舍,小屋,别墅scorn v./n.轻蔑,藐视princess n.公主，王妃tragedy n.悲剧;惨事,灾难posture n.姿势,姿态,心态,态度v.作出某种姿势relate v.叙述,讲述;使互相关联mode n.方式，式样institute n.学会,研究所;学院v.设立,设置,制定augment vt.(使)增大，增加，增长，扩张sequence n.先后,次序;连续,数列obligation n.义务，责任reckless a.不注意的,大意的,卤莽的, 不顾后果的detector n.发现者,侦察器,探测器,检波器,检电器manoeuvre/maneuver v. 演习运动巧妙地引导某人（物）decline v.下降,衰落;拒绝n.下降;斜面,倾斜,衰落mock v.嘲笑a.假的,模拟的n.(常pl.)模拟考试laughter n.笑，笑声extract v./n.拔出,抽出;摘录n.抽取物;精华;选集linen n.亚麻布,亚麻布制品ounce n.盎司，英两volcano n.火山relationship n. 关系，联系flourish n./v.繁荣,茂盛,兴旺previous a.先前的,以前的positive a.肯定的,积极的,绝对的,无疑的,正的string n.弦,线,细绳;(一串),(一行) v. 缚,捆frost n.霜,霜冻,严寒plateau n.高原,平稳状态abide vi.(abode，abided)(by)遵守；坚持personnel n.全体人员,全体职员;人事(部门)fee n.费(会费,学费等);酬金telegraph n.电报机，电报v.打电报传达消息，电告dome n.圆屋顶encounter n./v.遇到,遭遇patron n.赞助人；资助人；老顾客，老主顾scheme n.计划,方案;阴谋;配置v.计划,策划;阴谋thermal a.热的,热力的；(小规模的)上升气流pursue v.追赶,追踪;继续,从事acquaint vt.(with)使认识，使了解，使熟悉worthwhile a.值得(做)的lumber n.木材,木料majesty n.雄伟,壮丽,庄严,威严;最高权威,王权global a.球形的;全球的,全世界的; 全面的repertoire n.节目,全部剧目,保留剧目, 全部技能aggressive a.侵略的，好斗的，有进取心的，敢作敢为的compensate v.(for)补偿,赔偿oppose v.反对,使对立,使对抗,使相对crew n.全体船员,全体乘务员sake n.缘故,理由X-way n.X射线，X光interrupt v.中断,遮断,阻碍;打断(话),打扰obstruction n.妨碍,障碍物fragile a.易碎的，脆的，易损坏的；虚弱的，脆弱的cautious a.(of)小心的,谨慎的echo v./n.回声,反响,共鸣agony n.(精神或肉体的)极大痛苦，创伤negotiate v.商订；谈判，洽谈，交涉propose v.提议,建议;提名,推荐;求婚immigrant a.(从国外)移来的,移民的n.移民,侨民invade vt.入侵,侵略,侵袭,侵扰confident adj.(of,in)确信的,自信的nominate v.提名,任命wisdom n.智慧,明智;名言,格言phase n.阶段,状态,时期;相,相位specialist n.专家definite a.明确的;一定的;意志坚强的, 立场坚定的somehow ad.不知怎么的，设法，以某种方式subscribe vi.(to)订阅，订购；同意vt.捐助，赞助carbohydrate n.碳水化合物; 糖类；(plural) 淀粉质或糖类discourse n.论文;演说;谈话;话语vi.讲述,著述complicate v.使..复杂；使..难懂；使（疾病等）恶化；contrary a.相反的，矛盾的，对抗的n.矛盾，反对，相反，反面，对立物（面）numerical a.数字的，用数字表示的，数值的junior a./n.年少的/者,三年级的/学生,下级(的)sturdy a.坚定的，不屈不挠的；强健的，结实的fuss n./v.忙乱,大惊小怪undo v.松开,解开ax n.斧子majority n.多数,大多数,成年,法定年龄physical a.物质的;肉体的,身体的;自然科学的,物理的possess v.占有,拥有elevator n.电梯,升降机buffet n.自助餐mirror n.镜子,n./v.反应，反射purchase v.买,购买n.购买的物品permeate v.弥漫，遍布，散布；渗入，渗透steep a.陡峭的；险峻的；急剧升降的vt.浸泡,沉浸calendar n. 日历，月历dam n.水坝,水闸narrative a.叙述性的n.叙述worldwide a.全世界的，世界范围的，遍及全世界altitude n.高度，海拔；vulgar a.粗俗的，庸俗的，本土的，通俗的，普通的cripple n.跛子,残疾人v.使跛,使残疾liable adj.有责任的，有义务的，有倾向的，易于的farewell n.再会，别了，告别equality n.同等;平等;相等;等式;等同性panel n.面,板;控制板,仪表盘;专门小组immune a.免疫的,有免疫力的;有受影响的;豁免的pamphlet n.小册子federal a.联邦的;联邦制的;联合的;同盟的snap v.啪地移动；(使）突然断开，断开（成两截)indifferent a.冷漠的,不关心的,不积极的fairy n.小仙子，小精灵transistor n.晶体管；晶体管收音机whatsoever ad.(用于否定句中以加强语气) 任何fancy n.爱好,迷恋v.想象,幻想a.花式的,奇特的recur v.(尤指不好的事)一再发生；重现surroundings n.周围的事物,环境slender a.修长的,细长的,苗条的;微小的,微薄的linger v.逗留,徘徊,拖延,留恋,浪费光阴,苟延残喘classical a.经典的,古典(文学)的rein n.缰绳,统治,支配v.驾驭,控制,统治scale n.刻度;天平,磅秤;比例尺;规模;音阶;鱼鳞suspend v.悬(浮)，挂；暂停，取消；推迟exert v.尽(力),施加(压力等),努力lamb n.羔羊,小羊;羔羊肉target n.目标,对象,靶子butterfly n.蝴蝶librarian n.图书管理员supreme a.极度的,最重要的;至高的,最高的conservative a.保守的,守旧的n.保守主义者liberal a.慷慨的,大方的;富足的;自由的,思想开放的peanut n.花生biology n.生物学satisfactory a.令人满意的,圆满的,良好的,符合要求的wink v.(使)眨眼；眨眼示意n.眨眼；小睡，打盹multiple a.多样的,多重的n.倍数v.成倍增加trumpet n.喇叭,小号hijack v.劫持，劫机，拦路抢劫sensible a.明智的,达理的;可觉察的,明显的nurture n./v.养育,教育,教养n.营养品v.给与营养物selection n.选择,挑选;选集,精选物heir n.继承人intervene v.(in)干涉,干预;插入,介入vacuum n.真空,真空吸尘器ancient a.古代的，古老的，古式的literacy n.有文化,有教养,有读写能力module n.组件，模块，模件；(航天器的)舱swear v.(at)诅咒,骂人;宣誓,发誓sensitive a.(to)敏感的,易受伤害的;灵敏的domestic a.家里的;本国的;驯养的brand n.商标,标记,牌子v.使铭记;打火印,打烙印speculate vi.思索；推测vt.投机；思索，推测persecute v.迫害numb a.麻木的,失去感觉的v.使麻木slice n.薄片,切片;一份;部分切(片)undergo vt.遭受,经历,承受thunder n.雷(声);轰隆声v.打雷;大声说,吼叫atmosphere n.大气(层)；空气；气氛，环境；大气压tiresome a.使人厌倦的，讨厌的extinguish v.熄灭;消灭;结束;压制;使黯然失色;偿清canal n.运河，沟渠intact a.完整无缺的,未经触动的,未受损伤的revenge n.报复,复仇v.替…报仇gas n.气体，煤气，汽油lean v.倾斜,屈身;倚,靠,依赖a.瘦的,无脂肪的engine n.发动机,引擎;火车头conjunction n.接合，连接，联合；连(接)词clutch v.抓住,攫住,掌握n.离合器hostess n.女主人,女主持人wrist n.腕,腕关节temperament n.气质，性格，性情；资质economic a.经济(上)的,经济学的mate n.配偶，伙伴，同事curl v.(使)卷曲,蜷缩n.卷发;卷曲状;卷曲物pastime n.消遣,娱乐disappear v.不见,消失prototype n.原型；典型，范例pact n.合同,条约,公约,协定wander v.漫步,徘徊;迷路,迷失方向;离题campus n.(大学)校园compartment n.卧车包房,(客车车厢内的)隔间;分隔的空间comic a.喜剧的，滑稽的n.连环漫画杂志；喜剧演员imaginative a.富有想象力的,爱想象的spectrum n.谱，光谱，频谱；范围，幅度，系列inland a./ad.国内,内地,内陆dash v./n.冲,猛冲,突进n.破折号symmetry n.对称(性);匀称,整齐housing n.房屋，住宅，住房建筑instability n.不稳定(性)hay n.干草embassy n.大使馆;大使及其随员besides ad.除……之外，而且，还有tar n.柏油，焦油vt.涂或浇柏油/ 焦油于quote v.引用,援引distill vt.蒸馏，用蒸馏法提取；吸取，提炼await vt.等候，期待；(事情等)降临于harsh a.粗糙的；(声音)刺耳的；苛刻的，严酷的ambitious a.有抱负的，雄心勃勃的；有野心的betray v.背叛,出卖;暴露,流露,泄露drawback n.欠缺,缺点;退还的关税revise v.修订,校订;修正,修改norm n.准则,规范,准则,平均数psychiatry n.精神病学，精神病疗法compulsory a.必须做的，强制性的，(课程) 必修的thirst n.渴,口渴;(for)渴望,热望migrate v.迁移,移居(国外)absence n.缺乏，不存在；缺席，不在；缺席的时间error n.错误，过失，误差bound v./n.跳(跃) a.被束缚的，一定的；n.界限withdraw v.收回,撤消;缩回,退出;提取(钱)selfish a.自私的，利己的casualty n.伤亡人员；受害人；损失的东西；急诊室blunder v.(因无知等而)犯大错;踉踉跄跄地走n.大错incentive n.刺激;动力;鼓励;诱因;动机mo(u)ld n.模子铸造vt浇铸造型塑造形成drift v./n.漂,漂流(物)spacious adj.广阔的，宽敞的precious a.珍贵的,贵重的grind v.磨(碎),碾(碎)recycle v./n.再循环,重复利用vessel n.容器,器皿;船,舰;管,血管representative n.代表,代理人a.(of)典型的,有代表性的detain v.耽搁;扣押,拘留literary a.文学上的,文学的;精通文学的,从事写作的setback n.挫折；失效；复发；倒退moreovercon j./ad.再者,加之,而且cannon n.大炮,火炮establishment n.建立,设立,建立的机构(或组织)petroleum n.石油revolt v./n.反抗,起义disclose v.揭示,泄露hawk n.鹰，隼amid prep.在…中间，在…之中，被…围绕membership n.会员资格，成员资格perfume n.香味,芳香;香料v.使发香,洒香水于expedition n.远征(队),探险(队) sparkle v.发火花,闪耀celebrity n.名人，名流；著名，名声，名望yawn v.打呵欠n.呵欠overhead a.在头顶上的;架空的ad.在头顶上sketch n.素描;略图,草图;梗概v.绘略图,速写,写生drag v.拖,拖曳relativity n.相关(性);相对论parade n./v.游行,夸耀n.检阅,阅兵式v.使列队行进performance n.履行,执行;表演,演出;性能, 特性;成绩cherry n.樱桃(树)timber n.木材,木料blaze n.火焰;火光;闪光,光辉v.燃烧,冒火焰disable vt.使残废;使失去能力;丧失能力guitar n.吉他，六弦琴conservation n.保存,保护,保守;守恒,不灭invalid n.病人,伤残人a.有病的,伤残的;无效的intimate a.亲密的,密切的n.熟友,熟人vulnerable a.易受攻击的collective n.集体a.集体的,共同的predict v.预言,预测,预告scholar n.学者cliff n.悬崖;峭壁academy n.(高等)专科院校；学术社团，协会，研究院illusion n.幻想中的事物，错误的观念，错觉，幻觉，假象sore a.疼痛的;痛心的n.痛处,疮口quarterly a.每季的ad.每季一次n.季刊dose n.剂量,一服,一剂v.(给…)服药chart n.图表；航海图；航行图vt.绘图表，制图表deposit v.存放;使沉淀;付(保证金)n.存款;沉积物grape n.葡萄displacement n 移置转移取代obscure a.暗的,朦胧的;模糊的,晦涩的mill n.磨粉机,磨坊;作坊,工厂hurl vt.猛投，力掷；大声叫骂shatter n.碎片；粉碎v.粉碎；使疲惫；使震骇clarity n.清晰,明晰dispose v.(of)处理,处置;(for)布置,安排hemisphere n.半球profound a.深刻的,意义深远的;渊博的,造诣深的source n.源,源泉;来源,出处restrict v.限制,约束formal a.正式的;形式的deem vt.认为相信twist v.捻;拧;扭曲;蜿蜒曲折而行n.拧;歪曲;曲折constitution n.构成,构造,组成(方式),成分; 体格;宪法qualitative a.性质上的,定性的reservoir n.水库,蓄水池absorb vt.吸收(水、光、蒸汽等）；使全神贯注shutter n.百叶窗；(照相机)快门；关闭装置staff n.全体职工;杠,棒;参谋部v.配备工作人员retention n.保留,保持,保持力,记忆力radiant a.发光的,辐射的,容光焕发的briefcase n.手提箱，公事皮包lavatory n.厕所,盥洗室resemble v.像,类似necklace n.项链，项圈moist a.潮湿的,湿润的,多雨的climax n.顶点,高潮mud n.泥，泥浆enrich v.使富足;使肥沃;装饰;加料于;浓缩velocity n.速度,速率loyalty n.忠诚,忠心authority n.权力，权威；权威人士；(pl.) 官方，当局gramme n.(gram)克hunt v/n.打猎，猎取，搜索，寻找balcony n.阳台；(电影院等的)楼厅，楼座complex a.复杂的;合成的,综合的n.联合体restless a.得不到休息的;不平静的;坐立不安的publication n.出版物;出版,发行;公布, 发表herb n.药草，(调味用的)香草，草本植物glamor n.(glamour)魅力;魔法vt.迷惑laser n.激光skilled a.(in)熟练的,有技能的;需要技能的maintenance n.维修,保养,维持,保持,生活费用cab n.出租车，出租马车；驾驶室vi.乘出租马车allocate v.分配，分派；拨给；划归ashamed a.惭愧的，羞耻的，害臊的series n.一系列,连续;丛书rib n.肋骨，肋状物stern a.严厉的;坚决的,坚定的n.船尾,舟尾demonstrate v.论证,证实;演示,说明mechanical a.机械的,由机构制成的;机械似的,呆板的slam v.(门、窗等)砰地关上n.猛然关闭的声音flap n.垂下物,帽沿,袋盖n./v.拍打,拍动deserve v.应受,值得levy n.征收,征税,征兵v.征收,征集,征用plural a/n.复数的,复数former a.以前的,在前的pron.前者quantitative a.数量的,定量的erroneous a.错误的,不正确的privilege n.特权,优惠,特许v.给予优惠,给予特权astronomy n．天文学cassette n.盒子;盒式磁带gene n.基因deficit n.赤字,逆差;亏损,亏空;不足,缺乏obstacle n.障碍(物),妨碍,阻碍,干扰coarse a.粗糙的,粗劣的;粗鲁的,粗俗的digest vt.消化；领会，融会贯通n.文摘，摘要leak v.漏，泄露，n.漏洞，漏细，漏出backward a.向后的,倒行的;迟钝的ad.向后,朝反方向pedal n.踏板v.踩踏板,骑自行车stream n.小河,溪流;流,一股,一串v.流出,涌communication n.通讯,传达;(pl.)通讯系统;交通(工具)galaxy n.星系;(the Galaxy)银河(系); 一群显赫的人warehouse n.仓库,货栈scissors n.剪子skim vt.撇去(液体表面)之漂浮物vi.轻轻掠过misfortune n.不幸,灾祸,灾难landlord n.房东,地主means n.方法，手段pilgrim n.(在国外)旅游者;朝圣者,最初的移民esteem n.尊敬，尊重vt.尊重，敬重；把…看作humid a.湿的,湿气重的kindergarten n.幼儿园ally n.同盟者，同盟国，vt.使结盟；与…有关联rouse vt./vi.唤醒，唤起；激励；激起theory n.理论,原理;学说,见解,看法manufacture v.制造,加工n.制造,制造业;产品detach vt.分开, 分离, 分遣, 派遣(军队)administration n.经营，管理；行政，行政机关，管理部门inherit vt.继承(金钱等)，经遗传而得(性格、特征)justify v.证明...正当(或有理、正确)，为...辩护phenomenon n.现象,稀有现象,珍品,奇迹,杰出人才shortage n.不足，缺少insult vt./n.侮辱,凌辱orientation n.方向,方位,定位,倾向性,向东方guidance n.引导,指导schedule n.时间表,进度表v.安排,预定vein n.血管;静脉;叶脉;纹理;情绪vt.使成脉络jury n.陪审团;全体评审员void a.空虚的;没有的;无效的offspring n.子孙,后代;结果,产物explode v.(使)爆炸,(使)爆发friction n.磨擦,摩擦力loosen v.解开,放松accurate a.正确无误的；准确的，精确的surplus n.过剩,剩余；余款,余额a.过剩的,剩余的doze vi. 瞌睡；假寐n. 瞌睡；假寐moisture n.潮湿，湿气，湿度initial a.最初的，开头的n.词首的poverty n.贫穷，贫困width n.宽度；宽阔，广阔siren n.警报声，警报器contaminate vt.弄脏，污染emit vt.散发，发射clasp n. ①握手；拥抱②扣子，钩子v.①扣住，钩住②紧握，紧抱Thanksgiving n.感恩节bias n.偏见，偏心，偏袒curious a.好奇的；稀奇的emphasize vt.强调，着重bibliography n.（有关某一专题的）书目；参考书目inward ad.（=inwards）向内，在内 a.在内的，里面的；内心的stocking n.长（筒）袜folk n.人们a.民间的tribute n.①贡品，（表示敬意的）礼物②颂词，称赞exquisite a.①优美的，优雅的，精致的②（指情感）强烈的，剧烈的③（指感觉、感受）敏锐的敏感的senator n.参议员pant n.喘气vi.气喘appreciate vt.①感谢，感激②正确评价；欣赏，赏识wit n.智力，才智contract n.契约，合同；包工vi.①缩小，收缩②订（约）dim a.暗淡的，模糊的hardship n.艰难，困苦residence n.住处，住宅inspect vt.检查，调查，视察heel n.脚后跟；鞋跟package n.包装，包裹，箱undergraduate n.大学生，大学肄业生rim n.①（圆物的）边，轮缘②边界accord n.①一致，符合②协议，条约vi.(with)相符合，相一致vt.授予，赠与signature n.签名，署名，签字trace n.①痕迹，踪迹②极少量，微量vt.①描绘②跟踪，追踪transparent a.①透明的②显然的，明显的meditation n.沉思，冥想，默念statement n.声明，陈述beneath prep.在……下边，在……之下ad.在下方substitute n.代用品，代替品vt.代替，替换typist n.打字员bureau n.署，局，司，处compute n./vt.计算whistle n.①口哨；汽笛②口哨声，汽笛声vi.吹口哨；鸣笛irony n.①反话，讽刺，嘲弄②出人意料的事情或情况；具有讽刺意味的事indication n.①指出，指示②迹象，暗示extensive a.广大的，广泛的procedure n.程序，手续，步骤dazzle vt.①使惊奇，使倾倒②使炫目，耀（眼）n.①耀眼的光②令人眼花缭乱的东西（或特性）curriculum n.课程，（学校等的）全部课程fantasy n.①想象，幻想②幻想的产物expertise n.专门知识（或技能等），专长mild a.①温暖的，温和的②温和的，轻微的③（烟酒等）味淡的fade v.褪色；衰减，消失intuition n.直觉evil a.邪恶的，罪恶的n.邪恶，罪恶fraud n.①诈骗，欺骗②骗子，冒名顶替者illustration n.①说明，例证②插图，图解advent n.到来，来临，出现aural a.听觉的fame n.名声harden v.（使）变硬shuttle n.①航天飞机②（织机的）梭子③短程穿梭运行的飞机（或火车、汽车）v.（使某物）穿梭般来回，短程穿梭运送intermittent a.间歇的，断断续续的tunnel n.隧道，山洞medal n.奖章，勋章，纪念章wealthy a.富裕的，丰富的reproduce vi.生殖，繁殖vt.翻版；复制，仿造flour n.面粉leadership n.领导cosmic a.宇宙的motel n..汽车旅馆apartment n.①房间，套间②公寓remain v.1)剩下，预留；2)11。

2016高考英语核心词汇考点：1.动作的先后顺序2.动作的发出者和承受者2.look for找（过程）Find 找到（表示结果）Find out 查明（后面加抽象信息）Search sb搜身/sp搜查Search for 寻找Seek 追寻寻找（过去式sought）3.Accept 主动接受（承认无能为力）Receive 被动接收4.Attempt to试图做（没有成功）Manage to 成功做成Manage 管理5. Require 要求上-下Request 要求下-上Demand 要求强制Demanding adj 要求高的6. Sign n标志v签名signatureMark n标记v 做标记Grade n年级/成绩v 打分7. Collect 收集把东西从不同的地方放到一块儿取collect sth(单数).Save 保存为了再次使用8. reach到达/达到/够到Reach into 把手伸进Reach out 伸出手来9.10. Remember 记起（宾语再次出现主观、抽象）Recognize 认出（宾语再次出现客观、具体）Discover 发现（宾语第一次出现客观、具体）Realize 意识到（宾语第一次出现主观、抽象）11. Study 学习（过程）Learn 学会（结果）12. Present n 礼物adj 现在的出席的v 呈现Represent v 代表Representative n 代表人13.Favo(u)r 偏爱（有两者以上的对比）Favorite最喜爱的Favorable （report, opinion, or reaction）赞同的有利的(situation、condition )14.Admit 承认（不情愿）Be admitted to 录取15．Believe v 认为I believe you are right.Belief n 观点Doubt v不信I doubt that he is the best teacher.Suspect怀疑（坏事）I suspect he is a thief.16. AnnounceDeclare 宣布，宣告（正式）ProclaimInform 告知17. Imagine+ 虚假Imagine you have wings.----you have million dollars.Imaginary 想象中的Imaginative 有想象力的18. Promise 许诺Promising有前途的19. Show展示（具体+个人品质）Show up=turn up出现Show off 炫耀20. Support 支持sb（同意并且协助）21.23. Tear撕tore tornWear wore worn adjBear忍受bore bornBore 使无聊boring bored考点：1.名词和名词的对应关系2.名词和动词、形容词的关系1.Task 任务一次性Duty 职责持续性2.Condition 条件（具体）Situation 情况（抽象）4.Introduction 介绍Destruction 毁坏Instruction 说明书指导Construction 建筑5.Experience（可数）经历（一定涉及六要素）；（不可数）经验（要涉及具体事件）Decision, belief, opinion, idea, ambition Form, way, method, plan, comment抽象名词-具体对应6.Argument 讨论Quarrel 争吵考点：1.形容词、副词的好坏2.形容词所修饰的对象3.副词所修饰的动作（状态）1.Special 特别的（正）Unusual 不同的（中）Particular 尤其（正强调唯一）2.Normal 正常的（无缺陷）Ordinary 普通的（人）Regular 普通的（物）；有规律的35.Amused 内心被逗乐Amusing 令人发笑的Amazed 内心觉得惊讶Amazing 令人觉得惊讶的6.Merely=simply=only 仅仅7.Considerate 体贴的Considerable 数量庞大的9.Moved = touched 内心受感动的Moving = touching 令人感动的Move: v 移动（位移）；n 动作（运动）,招式10.Fun 有趣（不加冠词）Funny 滑稽的（中）11.fortable1.人的感受2.对象具体comfortable chairComfort v 安慰Comfort sb (负面)Comfort oneself（一般不对）13.Once一旦（句首）一次/曾经（句中）14.Ever曾经15.Even甚至16.Still 仍然x一直In at on about一般不选的词：HopefulHopelessHelplessProtect （保护环境）DefendNotice nDemandPromiseSuggestSupposeImagineFixForm n 形式/形状v 形成（habit opinion idea ）/组成2016年吴军高考英语阅读矩阵法则迅捷提分体系阅读出题点、题干定位与选项高频规律内容提要：一、出题点设置原则二、题干与文章定位原则能够文中定位的阅读题不能文中定位的阅读题三、阅读题定位之思考方向及锦囊妙计！1.找到信息点后，发现什么情况是答案？2.找不到或找不全关键字无法确定出题点时，如何寻找暗示？3.根据选项寻找答案！4.通过过程和结果巧思维迅速发现或纠正答案！5.根据选项中相同的关键字或选项中的答案特征(词)到短文中回查！6.出题点看不明白，如何寻找暗示？7.定位点前后找不到答案，如何寻找暗示？8.注意定位点指向原则。

2016八大类英语考试热门词汇一、经济?economic globalization ( 经济全球化)?sustainable development ( 可持续发展)?Unfair competition ( 不正当竞争)?crack down on fake commodities ( 打假)?Fierce competition (激烈竞争)?credit crisis (信用危机)?stabilize prices (稳定物价)二、文化?great and profound (博大精深的)?integration and interaction ( 融合交汇)?crash ( 碰撞)?charming (极具魅力的)?splendid (壮丽辉煌的)?English fever (英语热)三、环保?environment- friendly ( 生态型的环保的)?threat of global warming (全球变暖的威胁)?promote fundamental shifts in the economic system and mode of economic growth (促进经济体制和经济增长方式的转变)?curb environmental pollution/ bring the pollution under control (治理环境污染)?develop renewable resources (开发可再生资源)? a low-carbon economy (低碳经济)四、科技?science and technology ( 科学技术)?web-addiction (沉迷网络)?computer crime (电脑犯罪)?e-commerce ( 电子商务)?virtual life ( 虚拟生活)?information era (信息时代)?cyber romance (网恋)?surf the Internet (网上冲浪)五、就业?applicant (申请人)?position available/ vacant position (空缺职位)?competent (能胜任的)?be qualified for (合格的)?proficiency (熟练程度)?job arrangement and benefit (工作待遇和福利)?promotion (晋升)?gender-biased (性别歧视的)?appearance-biased (相貌歧视的)六、大学生活/教育cultivate (培养)(深造)further one’s studyquality education (素质教育)foster abilities (培养能力)relieve the burden on students ( 减轻学生负担)be occupied with so much schoolwork ( 忙于功课) place emphasis on ( 以…　为重心)comprehensive ( 全面的广泛的)practical capability (实际能力)duck-stuffing (填鸭式)七、社会现象?enlightening ( 富有启发的)?cause alarm and attention ( 引起了警惕和重视) ?set good example for (为…树立榜样)?dedicate (做贡献)?take action (采取行动)?ensure implementing activities (确保执行)?vulnerable (易诱惑的易受影响的)?be supposed to (应该)八、人物特征、情感描写?strong-minded ( 坚强的)?industrious (勤奋的)?promising (有前途的)?dynamic (有生气的)?responsible (有责任心的)?influential (有影响力的)?profound (渊博精深的)?devoted (忠实的投入的)2016年两会词普及“十三五”规划The 13th Five-Year Plan period“一带一路”One Belt and One Road国际性合作倡议international cooperation initiative“丝绸之路经济带”Silk Road Economic Belt“21世纪海上丝绸之路”21st-Century Maritime Silk Road脱贫攻坚战Poverty Relief教育公平Equal Education能源革命energy revolution“十三五”规划建议指出，普及高中阶段教育，逐步分类推进中等职业教育(secondary vocational education)免除学杂费，率先从建档立卡的家庭经济困难学生(students from poor families)实施普通高中免除学杂费(exempt tuition and fees);我国将通过提高教育质量(enhance the quality of education)，推动义务教育均衡发展(promote a balanced development of compulsory education)，普及高中阶段教育(make senior secondary education basically universal)，实现家庭经济困难学生资助全覆盖，促进教育公平。

【最高考】2016届高考英语语法精讲精练-专题七-情态动词和虚拟语气常考点专题七情态动词和虚拟语气常考点近两年考查情态动词和虚拟语气的频率呈上升趋势。

从整体上把握情态动词的语法特征和语义特征，能够准确理解不同情态动词的细微差异，认真区别具有相同功能、意思相近的情态动词的用法，在真实的交际情景中印证和领悟情态动词的用法和特征。

1情态动词所表示的多种含义1. can和could的用法①表示能力。

如：I can run fast.②表示客观可能性。

如：An experienced driver can have an accident at times.③表示请求和允许。

用could 语气更委婉。

如：—Can/Could I go now?—Yes，you can.④表示猜测、惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度(主would not listen.②用于第二人称的疑问句，表示说话人向对方提出请求。

用would比用will语气更客气。

如：Will/Would you please keep the door open?③表示真理或习惯，意为“惯于，总是”。

如：She will listen to music alone in her room for hours.He would get up early when he lived in the country.4. should的用法①表示现在或将来的责任或义务，意为“应该，应当”，这时它可以和ought to，be supposed to 互换使用。

如：You should(＝are supposed to ) complete your test in time.②表示有较大可能实现的猜测、推论，通常意为“可能；总该……吧”，相当于be expected to。

如：They should be home by now，I think.③用于第一人称时可以表示说话人的一种谦逊、客气、委婉的语气。

2016考研英语真题高频考点全解析（一）【相关真题】1.①Think of those fleeting moments when you look out of an aero plane window and realize that you are flying, higher than a bird.②Now think of your laptop, thinner than a brown-paper envelope, or your cell phone in the palm of your hand.③Take a moment or two to wonder at those marvels.④You are the lucky inheritor of a dream come true.2.①The second half of the 20th century saw a collection of geniuses, warriors, entrepreneurs and visionaries labour to create a fabulous machine that could function as a typewriter and printing press, studio and theatre, paintbrush and gallery, piano and radio, the mail as well as the mail carrier.【高频考点】1.稍纵即逝的瞬间：fleeting moments2.腾出一点时间做某事：take a moment or two to do something3.感叹这些神奇：wonder at those marvels4.幸运的继承者：lucky inheritor5.20世纪涌现出某人或某事：the 20th century saw somebody or something6.一大批天才、勇士、实业家以及梦想家：a collection of geniuses, warriors, entrepreneurs and visionaries labour7.创造出神奇的机器：create a fabulous machine8.可以作为打字机：function as a typewriter【翻译练习】在翻译的时候试着联系上面的搭配。

2016考研英语二真题答案解析（文字完整版）考研网为你收集整理带来：2016考研英语二真题答案解析（文字完整版）。

2016年英语考研二已经圆满结束了，考生们可以看一看答案，对比一下自己的哦，预估下自己的考试成绩吧。

详情如下。

2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二)试题答案详解(完整版)Section I Use of English1、【答案】C how【解析】根据空格所在句子可以看出，空格处应该是一个引导宾语从句的从属连词，做influence的宾语。

四个选项的意思中，只有C. how引导后面的内容做influence的宾语，前后意思合理。

2、【答案】B In particular【解析】空格的前一句话的内容是：坐落在幸福人群所在地的公司投资更多的钱。

空格所在句的内容是：坐落在幸福人群所在地的公司在…方面投入更多的钱。

很显然，前后句子是总分关系。

选项中，只有B选项可以体现总分关系。

3、【答案】D necessary【解析】根据空格处前后的内容，_____ for making investments for the future是做后置定语修饰longer-term thinking和happiness。

幸福，这种持久的思维模式对于对未来进行投资_______，四个选项中只有D. necessary 做后置定语符合前后内容。

其他选项与原文内容语义不符。

4、【答案】C optimism【解析】空格处的内容与inclination for risk-taking由and连接，构成并列关系，后面that come with happiness定语从句既修饰空格处的内容，也修饰inclination for risk-taking，所以选项中可以由that come with happiness修饰的只有C选项optimism。

5、【答案】D change【解析】空格处的内容和the way companies invested构成动宾搭配。

2016考研英语：必考核心词汇坚持练（07.31）2016考研英语：必考核心词汇坚持练（07.31）常规单词积累一定要集中在2016考研复习的前期，否则到了复习后期无论是阅读的复习还是翻译的复习，都会遇到困难。

同时，单词记忆不能仅仅只记中文释义，更要掌握其常见用法、固定搭配，并且在能力范围内利用词根触类旁通。

考研对于词汇的考查主要体现在考查“同义替换”的能力上，也就是考查考生对于语言多样性的把握，所以考生在背单词的时候一定要掌握单词的同义词。

brillianta.光辉的，灿烂的；卓越的，有才华的【例】Moreover , toHitler’smind the sparse applause did not do justice to the brilliant performance.此外，希特勒认为，这样精彩的演出只博得稀稀拉拉的掌声是不公正的。

【同义替换】bright, intelligent, outstanding【派生】brilliantly ad.辉煌地，灿烂地【真题】The changes that have taken place in air travel during the last sixty years would have seemed completely impossible to even the most brilliant scientists at the turn of the 19th century.过去六十年中航空旅行发生的变化，在19世纪之交，哪怕是对最杰出的科学家来说，似乎都完全不可能发生。

equivalenta.（to）相等的，等价的n.相等的，等价物【例】The first law tells us that work output cannot be produced without an equivalent amount of energy input.第一定律告诉我们，如果没有等量的能量输入，就不可能产生输出功。

1. [标准答案] [D]as well as[考点分析] 本题考察逻辑关系[选项分析] 因为考察逻辑关系，所以需要我们先对填空前后的原文信息做定位分析：文章身处大环境not only…..but also 之中，这是一个明显的并列关系，表示“不仅……而且……”该空与前一句“his parents and his friends”也是并列关系，表示“与他本人以及伴侣的父母朋友相关”所以答案只能是D. as well as. A. by way of 通过B. with regard to 关于C. on behalf of 代表2. [标准答案] [A] decide on[考点分析] 上下文语义[选项分析] 根据该句的主语a young man 与宾语a likely spouse 的关系，答案只能是A. decide on 决定。

表示自己决定自己的对象。

B. provide for 为……提供准备C. compete with 与……竞争D. adapt to 适用3. [标准答案] [B]arrange[考点分析] 上下文语义及动词辨析[选项分析] 该句意思为，他可以自己选择自己中意的伴侣并让父母_____相关事务。

四个选项中，A.close 关闭C renew 更新；恢复D postpone“推迟”，语义不正确，只有B arrange 安排是符合语境。

4. [标准答案] [A]In theory[考点分析] 上下文语义[选项分析]逻辑判断题。

主要是看前后两句的含义，前面是说“他可以自己选择自己中意的伴侣并让父母安排相关事务，或者几乎不参与，完全让父母选择自己的对象。

”空格后面说“女方可以拒绝她父母所选择的对象。

”这两句之间没有举例说明的关系，且有一个may，更证明A. In theory 的正确性。

而其他选项B. Above all 最重要的是，C. In time 准时D. For example 举例，均不符合题意。

页眉内容2016考研英语复习十三问所有题型一网打尽词汇部分1.如何有效掌握考研词汇?答：考研需掌握约5500个单词。

有关如何背诵和记忆单词的方法和技巧是许多同学关心的问题，市面上也有不少单词记忆的方法和诀窍。

这里建议一种目前为止较为科学，也最契合2010年考研大纲对词汇要求的方法——词根、词源记忆法。

记忆单词，要从单词的来源和根节词入手，也就是说单词的本质涵义入手，一理通百理明，通过学习一个单词，就可以把和其相同来源的一系列单词学会，这样也有利于延长记忆期限，学了就能真正掌握。

另外单词记忆，要遵循一个原则—反复刺激记忆。

怎么理解?就是说单词需要每天记忆，哪怕每天看上一眼。

如同朋友见面一样，每天碰上一面，样子、长相就能长时间留在脑海里。

完形填空部分2、如何复习完形填空?什么时候开始准备?答：完形填空是考研比较难的一部分，从历年的平均分可看出，每年平均分都在5分左右，低于及格分。

又由于完形填空所占分值不高，许多同学都选择避开，复习阅读时顺带复习完形，或者干脆不管，考试时“蒙一水”。

这种做法有一定道理，毕竟完型较难，分值不多，就算投入大量时间和精力也不一定能保证多几分。

但是，就算如此，完型也不能甩手不管，需要投入一定时间去准备，另外就是了解一些完形填空出题规律以及做题的技巧和方法，争取达到及格分以上。

复习完形建议以真题为参考，立足真题。

把完形出现的固定搭配、固定词组整理出来，在你开始接触真题时就该复习完型。

一般在9月后开始系统准备、做题为宜。

3、完形填空有没有做题技巧?答：完形填空做题技巧历来都是备受同学青睐。

对于这种提分不容易，分值比例又较低的部分同学们都倾向于用“技巧”解题。

在此要提醒同学们，任何技巧都是建立在基础上的，技巧不能决定成败，但可起到锦上添花作用。

同时，下面给大家分享一些技巧：A、完形填空的第一句话作为文章的开篇，告诉我们文章的主题，下面的内容都是围绕它展开，因此第一句都是完整的，我们也要紧抓第一句话，自己所做的选择都应与第一句的意思相一致。

【考研英语】考研必考80个词汇词组单词只有放在语境下，放在阅读中，它才是活的，记忆的速度也会大为提高。

建议同学们每天早上抽半个小时的时间读一读文章，熟悉一下前一天背诵的单词，长期坚持，单词堡垒不攻自破。

考研英语阅读中常见的重点词组及词汇，同学们一定要重点记忆。

2016考研英语阅读：必背重点词组及词汇1、hunt forv、搜寻2、stumble v、绊倒，使困惑，蹒跚，结结巴巴地说话，踌躇n、绊倒，错误3、attractvt、吸引vi、有吸引力，引起注意4、intellectual property知识产权5、counsel n、讨论，商议，辩护律师vt、劝告，忠告6、inefficient adj、效率低的，效率差的，(指人)不能胜任的，无能的7、drawbackn、缺点，障碍，退还的关税，退税(指进口货物再出口时退还其进口时的关税)8、eliminatevt、排除，消除v、除去9、concept n、观念，概念10、implicitadj、暗示的，盲从的，含蓄的，固有的，不怀疑的，绝对的11、strategyn、策略，军略12、design n、设计，图案，花样，企图，图谋，(小说等的)构思，纲要v、设计，计划，谋划，构思13、tempt vt、诱惑，引诱，吸引，使感兴趣，考验，试探14、sign up登记，签约15、potentialadj、潜在的，可能的，势的，位的n、潜能，潜力，电压n、交通，通行，运输，贸易，交通量，交易，交往，通信量vi、交易，买卖vt、在……通行，用……作交换17、marketingn、行销，买卖18、worthwhile adj、值得做的，值得出力的19、keep aclose watch on密切注视，密切关注20、demandfor需求17、marketingn、行销，买卖18、worthwhile adj、值得做的，值得出力的19、keep aclose watch on密切注视，密切关注20、demandfor需求21、compensation to补偿，赔偿22、negotiate谈判，商量23、maintainvt、维持，维修，继续，供养，主张24、mean n、用意25、look outv、面朝，留神，照料26、discrimination n、辨别，区别，识别力，辨别力，歧视27、condemnvt、判刑，处刑，声讨，谴责28、illegaladj、违法的，不合规定的29、continueto继续30、unawareof没有意识到31、have abig advantage over对…有较大优势n、伸展，展开，传播，蔓延，酒席，宴会，桌布v、伸展，展开，铺，涂，敷，摆，传播，散布33、suspiciously adv、猜疑着，怀疑着34、startwith以……开始35、respectively adv、分别地，各个地36、predecessor n、前辈，前任，(被取代的)原有事物37、coincidence n、一致，相合，同时发生或同时存在(尤指偶然)的事38、dream upv、空想出，<俗>构思，创造，设计(发明物等)39、junior n、年少者，晚辈，下级，(年龄、职位等)较低者，大学三年级学生adj、年少的，下级的，后进的40、improving改进，改善(质量) ，精炼41、insensitive adj、对……没有感觉的，感觉迟钝的42、qualification n、资格，条件，限制，限定，赋予资格43、confidence n、有信心44、publiclyadv、公然地，舆论上45、graduation n、毕业，毕业典礼，刻度，分等级46、ceremonyn、典礼，仪式，礼节，报幕员47、literallyadv、照字面意义，逐字地48、draw up v、草拟，停住，逼近，追上，整队49、recipientadj、容易接受的，感受性强的n、容纳者，容器50、ploughthrough费劲地阅读，吃力地钻研，艰难地通过51、come to v、达到，继承，复苏，停止，想起，共计52、client n、[计]顾客，客户，委托人53、blame n、过失，责备vt、责备，谴责54、concernabout (利害)关系，关心，关注，关注，所关心的是55、shop at购物56、admissionn、允许进入，承认某事之陈述，供认57、lagn、落后，囚犯，迟延，桶板，防护套adj、最后的vi、缓缓而行，滞后vt、落后于，押往监狱，加上外套58、approachn、接近，逼近，走进，方法，步骤，途径，通路vt、接近，动手处理vi、靠近59、crucialadj、至关紧要的60、panicn、惊慌，恐慌，没有理由的61、prospectn、景色，前景，前途，期望vi、寻找，勘探62、modestadj、谦虚的，谦让的，适度的63、indespair绝望64、despiteprep、不管，尽管，不论65、fortune n、财富，运气，大量财产，好运，命运vt、<古>偶然发生vt、给……以大宗财富66、predominately adv、占主要优势地67、overbidvt、出价高与(别人)，(桥牌上)叫牌超过(别人)vi、过高出价n、过高的出价，过高的叫牌68、folk n、人们，亲属(复数)，民族adj、民间的69、comfortableadj、舒适的70、lining n、加衬里，内层，衬套71、bubble n、泡沫，幻想的计划vi、起泡，潺潺的流72、beinfluenced by被…影响73、ingredient n、成分，因素74、sustainvt、支撑，撑住，维持，持续75、be worthdoing值得做76、place avery high value on特别重视77、entertainern、款待者，表演娱乐节目的人，演艺人员78、for thesake of为了79、symptom n、[医][植]症状，征兆80、intellectualadj、智力的，有智力的，显示智力的n、知识分子。

(完整版)考研英语中常用易混淆词汇考研英语易混淆单词（1）adapt vt. 1. 使适应 2. 改编adept a. (与at, in连用) 熟练的;精通的n.内行;老手adopt vt. 1. 收养 2. 采用，采纳考研英语易混淆单词（2）appraise v. 评价appraisal n. 1. 评价 2. 估计，估量praise v./n. 称赞，表扬考研英语易混淆单词（3）appropriate a.恰当的 v.挪用，盗用appreciate vt. 感激，欣赏考研英语易混淆单词（4）dessert n. 甜食;甜糕点desert vt. 1. 抛弃 2. 擅离(职守);n.沙漠，不毛之地考研英语易混淆单词（5）context n. 文章前后关系，上下文contest v. 比赛，争论;n. 竞争，比赛contend v. 争论，竞争考研英语易混淆单词（6）pretext n. 借口，托辞protest v.n. 抗议，反对pretend v. 假装，装作考研英语易混淆单词（7）scare vt. 惊吓;n. 惊恐stare vi. 盯，凝视glare v.n. 1. 闪耀，闪光 2. 怒视，瞪眼flare n. 1. 闪耀 2. (衣裙等)张开3.(感情的)爆发考研英语易混淆单词（8）sparkle vi. 闪耀，发火花spark n. 火花，火星;vi.发火花;vt.引发sprinkle v.喷洒考研英语易混淆单词（9）precious a. 宝贵的，贵重的previous a. 1. 先前的，以前的 2. (to)在……之前考研英语易混淆单词（10）addict vt. 使上瘾addition n.增加addiction n.上瘾考研英语易混淆单词（11）preceding a. 在前的，在先的precede v. 领先，先于，在……之前precedent n. 先例procedure n. 程序，手续，步骤process vt. 加工，处理;n. 1. 过程，进程 2. 工序3.工艺，制作法procession n. 队列，行列proceed vt. 1. 进行，继续(做某事) 2. 发出proceeding n. 1.行动，进行 2. (pl.)会议记录，活动记录考研英语易混淆单词（12）successful a. 成功的successive a. 连续的succession n. 1. 连续，系列 2. 继任，继承(权，次序等) succeed vi. 1. 成功 2. 继承3.接着发生;vt.接替考研英语易混淆单词（13）fossil n. 化石toss v. 1. 抛，扔 2. (使)颠簸，摇摆3.辗转反侧考研英语易混淆单词（14）inhibit v. 抑制, 约束, [化] [医]抑制inhabit vt. 居住于，栖息于inhabitant n. 居民habit n. 习惯，习性habitat n. (动植物的), 产地、栖息地, 聚集处考研英语易混淆单词（15）variable n. 变量;a.易变的variation n. 变化，变动，变异variety n. 1. 多样性 2. 种类various a. 各种各样的考研英语易混淆单词（16）alteration n. 变更，改变alternate v. 交替;a.交替的alternative a. 两者挑一的;n.替换，抉择考研英语易混淆单词（17）convict vt. (以审讯)证明……有罪，宣判……有罪;n. 囚犯conviction n. 1. 深信, 确信 2. 定罪, 宣告有罪convince vt 使确信，使信服考研英语易混淆单词（18）academy n. 学院，协会academic a. 1. 学院的 2. 学术的epidemic n. 流行病;a. 1. 流行性的 2. 传染的考研英语易混淆单词（19）infer v. 推断offer vt. 主动提供;n.提供suffer vt. 遭受，忍受;vi.(from) 1. 受痛苦，患病 2. 受损失transfer vt. 调动，转换;vi. 1. 迁移 2. 转车 2. 转账refer v. 1.(to)查阅，参考 2.(to)提到，引用3.提交，上呈考研英语易混淆单词（20）considerable a. 1. 相当大(或多)的 2. 值得考虑的considerate a. 体谅人的，考虑周到的consideration n. 1. 考虑，思考 2. 体谅，照顾3.需要考虑的事，理由考研英语易混淆单词（21）live vi. 居住，生存;vt.过生活live a. 1. 活的 2. 实况转播的lively a. 1. 活跃的，活泼的 2. 栩栩如生的;ad.快活地，活泼地alive a. 1.活跃的，热闹的 2. 活着的(作表语或后置定语)living a. 活(着)的;n.生计，生活life n. 1. 生命 2. 一生3.生涯，生计4. 生物考研英语易混淆单词（22）exceed vt. 1. 超过，胜过 2. 超出exceedingly ad. 极端地，非常地excess a. 过量的，额外的;n. 1.超过，过多 2.过度，过分excessive a. 过多的，极度的resolution n. 1. 坚定，决心 2. 决定，决议3.解决absolute a. 绝对的，纯粹的dissolve vt. 1. 解除(婚约等) 2. (使)溶解，融化solve vt. 解决，解答salute v. 1. 欢迎 2. 向……打招呼3.敬礼solution n. 1. 解决方法 2. 溶解，溶液soluble a. 可溶的resolute a. 坚决的，果断的resolve v. 决定，决定;n. 1. 解决，解答 2. 决心，决定3.决议swift a. 快速的，敏捷的;ad.快速地drift v.n. 漂，漂流shaft n. 轴，杆状物shift n. 1. 转换 2. (轮或换)班;v. 1. 移动 2. 替换，转换。

2016年考研英语一真题及解析2016年考研英语一真题原文及答案解析完整版Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)In Cambodia, the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends, __1 __ those of the young woman, but also a matchmaker. A young man can __2__a likely spouse on his own and then ask his parents to __3 __ the marriage negotiations, or the young man’s parents may make the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection.__4__ , a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen. __5 __ a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying __6__ a good family.The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days, __7__ by the 1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and __8__ prayers of blessing. Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting, __9__cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride’s and groom’s wrists, and __10__ a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the __11__ . Newlyseds traditionally move in with the wife’s parents and may __12__ with them up to a year, __13__they can build a new house nearby.Divorce is legal and easy to __14__ ,but not common. Divoreced persons are __15__with some disapproval. Each spouse retains __16__ property he or she __17__ into the marriage, and jointly-acquired property is __18__ equally. Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice __19__ up: The divorced mal e doesn’t have a waiting period before he can remarry __20__ the woman must wait ten months.1. [A] by way of [B] on behalf of [C] as well as [D] with regard to[标准答案] [C] as well as[考点分析] 逻辑关系[选项分析] 因为考查逻辑关系，所以需要我们先对填空前后的原文信息做定位分析：空格处身处大环境not only…b ut also之中，这是一个明显的并列关系，表示“不仅……而且……”，该空后面的those指代前文出现的“parents and friends”，显然“the young man”与“the young woman”为并列关系，表示“与他本人以及伴侣的父母朋友相关”，所以答案只能是[C]项as well as 也，又。

2016考研英语导学主讲：周澜（新浪微博：@高联周澜）I. 基础阶段词汇复习（总原则：总结式学习）考研英语词汇的十大命题重点剖析与复习建议1、同近义词考察：The world is going through the biggest wave of mergers and acquisitions ever witnessed. The process sweeps from hyperactive America to Europe and reaches the emerging countries with unsurpassed might. Many in these countries are looking at this process and worrying: “Won’t the wave of business concentration turn into an uncontrollable anti-competitive force?”（2001年考研英语真题阅读）63. What is the typical trend of businesses today?[A] to take in more foreign funds[B] to invest more abroad [C] to combine and become bigger[D] to trade with more countries1996年完形填空：__48__ enough vitamins is essential to life, although the body has no nutritional use for __49__ vitamins. Many people, __50__, believe in being on the “safe side” and thus take extra vitamins. However, a well-balanced diet will usually meet all th e body’s vitamin needs.49. [A] exceptional [B] exceeding [C] excess [D] external1）sustain/ retain/ maintain /obtain / attain / detain/ entertain2）tribute / contribute / attribute / distribute3）statue /statute / stature / status3、一词多义考察：account1）Is it true that the American intellectual is rejected and considered of no account in his history? (2006年翻译)2）Dr. Myers and Dr.Worm argue that their work gives a correct baseline, which future management efforts must take into account. (2006年阅读)3）According to account of the experiments , their hourly output rose when lighting was increased, but also when it was dimmed. (2010年完形)4）As recently as 1995, the top four railroads accounted for under 70 percent of the total ton-miles moved by rails. （2003年阅读）4、熟词生义考察：例1：年阅读)例2：年翻译)例3：（2006年阅读）例4：（2010年翻译）来自最新考研大纲的表述：“考生应该能够掌握5500左右的词汇以及相关词组，除掌握词汇之间的搭配关系，如动词+介词，形容词与介词，形容词与名词等；1、形容词+名词2、动词+名词3、动词+介词4、名词+名词5、名词+介词6、副词+动词7、副词+形容词历年真题高频搭配1、The American spymaster who built the Office of Strategic Services in the World War II and later laid the roots fo r the CIA was fascinated with information. ( 2003)2、The winner , by a large margin , was a tiny Virginia company called Open-source Solutions , whose clear advantage was its mastery of the electronic world. (2003)6、词根词缀考察：第一大类：否定前缀1）So far the results are inconclusive . ( 2009年完形填空）2）This does not mean that adults must accept irresponsibility （2003年完形填空）3）The anonymous , lonely , undistracted nature of online gambling is especially conducive to compulsive behavior. （2006年新题型）4）In Europe, where forestry is ecological more advanced, the non-commercial tree species are recognized as members of native forest community . （2010年的翻译）5）All these are beneficial, not detrimental, to consumers. （2001年阅读理解）6）According to the townsfolk, the RSC deserves no subsidy because the company is financially ill-managed . （2006年阅读理解）7）The author thinks the banks were " on the wrong planet" in that they misinterpreted market price indicators. （2010年阅读理解）第二大类：态度前缀1）That the antismoking lobby was out to destroy our way of life and the government should stay out of the way ? （2005年阅读理解）2）Schools could be a counterbalance . （2004年阅读理解）第三大类：方向与程度前缀1）Discuss the joys and downsides of your own career and encourage your kids to form some ideas about their own future. （2007年新题型）2）Investigations show that compared with other Americans, journalists are more likely to live in upscale neighborhoods, have maids, own Mercedes , and trade stocks , and they're less likely to go to church , do volunteer work , or put down roots in a community . (2001年阅读理解）3）So Spero is downscaling, shopping at middle-brow Dillard's department store near her suburban Cleveland home , instead of Neiman Marcus. （2004年阅读理解）4）Each of these social sciences has a subfield or specialization. （2003年翻译）7、专业性词汇考察：1）商业经济类术语2）网络科技类术语3）医学类术语4）法律类术语5）社会文化类术语8、成语，谚语，俗语，习语考察：1) In Britain and Japan inflation is running half a percentage point below the rate predicted at the end of last year. This is no flash in the pan; over the past couple of years, inflation has been consistently lower than expected in Britain and America.69. The sentence “This is no flash in the pan” (Line 5, Paragraph 3) means that _____.A) the low inflation rate will last for some timeB) the inflation rate will soon rise C) the inflation will disappear quicklyD) there is no inflation at present9、词汇方向考察：The report, (by John Houghton of Victoria University in Australia and Graham Vickery of the OECD), makes heavy reading for publishers (who have, so far, made handsome profits).27. Which of the following is true of the OECD report?[A] It criticizes government-funded research.[B] It introduces an effective means of publication. [C] It upsets profit-making journal publishers.[D] It benefits scientific research considerably.10、单词的重复考察例一It ___6___ out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental ___7___ can significantly improve our basic cognitive ___8___. （2014年真题）6. [A]turns[B]finds [C]points [D]figuresIntelligence, it 5 , is a high-priced option. （2009年真题）5. [A] insists on [B] sums up [C] turns out[D] puts forward例二31. The Fundamental Physics Prize is seen as[A] a symbol of the entrepreneurs’ wealth.[B] a possible replacement of the Nobel Prize.[C] an example of bankers’ investment.[D] a handsome reward for researchers.（2014年真题）The report, by John Houghton of Victoria University in Australia and Graham Vickery of the OECD, makes heavy reading for publishers who have, so far, made handsome profits. （2008年真题）附表。

2016-2017考研英语（一、二）选项必考高频词串讲2016-2017年选项必考词串讲—背诵版1.remodel /?ri??mɑ?dl/ vt. 改造；改变[考频：2]◆词义：remodel the way of thinking（2016年英语二）reconstruct，rebuild，reshape，remold真题短语：remold its economic pattern 重塑经济模式、经济结构（2017年英语一）curb our ambition to reshape history（2013年英语一）2. switch to…. [考频：2]/sw?t?/◆switch v. & n. 转换，转变◆介词搭配：+ to sth.①switched to psychology（2007）②switch to another college（2017英语二）◆同义短语：shift to①a shift to other fuels 转而使用其他能源②a global shift in thought（2018年英语一）3. digit n. 数字[考频：38]◆digit：double-digit inflation◆digital adj. 数字的；数码的①digital age 数字时代；数字化时代②digital products 数码产品③digital economy 数字经济◆digitize vt. 数字化become better prepared for the digitalized world为数字化世界做好更充分的准备4. challenge /?t??l?nd?/ n. 挑战；怀疑vt. 向…挑战；对…质疑[考频：41]◆真题短语：①intellectual and emotional challenges（2003）②meet a challenge 迎接挑战（2016年英语二）③the capacity to approach challenges in four primary ways （2009）◆搭配：a challenge to sth. 对……的质疑◆Challenge to Credibility（2012年英语一）5. grant /ɡr?nt/ v. 给予n. 补助金，拨款[考频：20]◆真题短语：①grant less federal regulatory power（2016年英语二）②large-scale public grants（2014年英语二）◆固定搭配：take sth for granted 认为…是理所当然①Americans stopped taking prosperity for granted.（2000）6. fund /f?nd/ n. 基金；资金vt. 投资；资助[考频：62]◆fund n. 基金；资金：①take in more foreign funds吸收更多的外资（2001）②raise funds for… （2016年英语二）③increase funds for（2017年英语二）◆vt. 投资；资助①fund new affordable housing 资助新建经济适用房（2014年英语二）◆funding n. 基金；资金；提供资金①stop generous funding to the housing sector停止对房地产行业的慷慨资助①call for a continued ban on federal government funding呼吁继续禁止联邦政府资助（1999）7. fundamental /?f?nd??mentl/ adj. 基本的，根本的[考频：18]◆真题短语：①fundamental urges（2013年英语一翻译）②discover the fundamental makeup of natu re发现自然的基本构成（2017年英语二）◆关联词：fundamentally adv. 根本地，从根本上；基础地◆同义词：basic，essential◆essential（to…）①…is essential to success (2004)②waking up in time is essential to the ridding of bad dreams （2005）③it is essential to consider factors beyond GDP.（2017英语一）8. conservation /?kɑ?ns?r?ve??n/ n. 保存，保持；保护[考频：13]◆真题短语①energy conservation 能源节约；资源保护（2002年）②raise public awareness of conservation（2005）（global warming）③rural conservation（2016年英语一）④go against conservation policies（2016年英语二）◆关联词：1.conserve v. 保护；保存2.conservative adj. 保守的n. 保守派conservative parties 保守党(2016年英语一)conservative view on sth. 保守观点（2017年英语一）9. facility /f??s?l?ti/ n. 设施；设备[考频：5]◆真题：①invest in public sports facilities投资公共体育设施（2017年英语二）②leisure facilities休闲设施◆搭配：~ (for sth) 天资，才能，天赋She has a facility for languages. 她有语言天赋。